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The Cost of Hope
fter escaping Myanmar,
Seethong’s parents found work
– and created a life – on a rubber
plantation in southern Thailand.
But when 6yearold Seethong crushes his hand
in a rubber press, his hospital bill threatens to
ruin everything his family has built.
In the weeks following Seethong’s injury, his
sister stays by his hospital bed while his father
and brother begin a rigorous work schedule,
struggling to pay the mounting medical bill.
Seethong’s mother travels between home and
the hospital, acting as the bridge for her
suddenly fractured family.
One thing holds the family together – knowing
that this injury would have been far more
devastating in Myanmar. Despite the cost, there
is hope for them on this side of the border.
by Julie Turkewitz
Poverty driving Burmese workers
east
Q & A Migration from Myanmar to Thailand news.bbc.co.uk
There are more than 2 million people from Myanmar living in Thailand, according to the
BBC, making the movement of people across the ThailandMyanmar border one of Burma vs. Myanmar: What's in a
Southeast Asia's largest migration flows. Name
www.dwworld.de
Why are people leaving Myanmar?
Myanmar remains one of the world's poorest and least developed countries, according to
professor Kevin Hewison, director of UNCChapel Hill’s Carolina Asia Center.
Myanmar’s emigrants escape political repression, an abusive government and internal
warfare, as well as struggling schools and poor health and welfare agencies. Government
persecution of ethnic minorities also sends thousands into Thailand. The family in “The
Cost of Hope” is Mon and lived on the margin of society in Myanmar.
Many people came to Thailand seeking aid and economic opportunity after Cyclone
Nargis killed thousands in Myanmar.
How do they get to Thailand? Is it risky?
There are many ways to get to Thailand. In some places along the lengthy Thailand
Myanmar border, laborers can simply walk or swim between countries.
This does not mean the passage is not dangerous, Hewison says. Both countries have
border patrols. Many people from Myanmar pay smugglers significant amounts of money
to take them to Thailand and can find themselves in extremely vulnerable situations. In
April 2008, more than 50 people from Myanmar suffocated in a storage container on the
back of a truck taking them to southern Thailand.
What role do immigrants play in the Thai economy?
The Thai economy has become reliant on cheap migrant labor from Myanmar, Hewison
says, just as Latino immigrants have become an essential part of the U.S. economy.
Workers from Myanmar tend to do the dirtier and more dangerous jobs that Thais avoid.
They often work in fishing, manufacturing, construction and agriculture, according to
Amnesty International. In southern Thailand, many immigrants work on rubber
plantations and the local economy relies on their labor.
Do immigrants from Myanmar have the option to become fully integrated Thai citizens?
“The answer is basically, ‘No,’” Hewison says. “There have been cases of marriage to a
Thai, but these are not common.”
What is life like for immigrants in Thailand?
Most immigrants find new challenges in Thailand. They work long hours, often have
trouble accessing education and health care and find that “their lives revolve around the
job,” Hewison says. Work and living conditions for laborers fall far below international
standards, according to Amnesty International. Because many people come to Thailand
illegally, they are subject to exploitation by employers, local police and smugglers.
At the same time, Thailand offers opportunities not available in Myanmar, and many
people living in Myanmar rely on the money sent home from relatives working across the
border.
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