The Concepts of 3D Stereo Vision

There are two primary factors to generate a 3D stereo vision, Convergence and Parallax.

Convergence
The convergence is the angle formed by your eyes and the observed object. The higher the angle
value is, the nearer the observed object is to your two eyes, and vice versa.

High Convergence Low Convergence

(Target object is near) (Target object is far)

Therefore, when the convergence is fixed, any object between you and the convergence point
will be closer to you, while the object beyond the convergence point will be farther away from
you.

Please note that if the Convergence is higher then 6 degrees, which means the object is too close
to you, then your eyes feel uneasy. On the contrary, when the value is too small, which means
the object is too far, the stereo sensation will be lost.

Parallax
The parallax images are the images passing through to your left and right eyes. All 3D stereo
media contain a pair of parallax images that individually, and simultaneously, pass to your left
and right eyes. This is to convince your brain that there is an existence of depth in the media.

Positive Parallax
When the target object offsets to the right in the left image, and offsets to the left in the right
image, then your binocular focus is lead to fall behind the display. This phenomena is called
Positive Parallax.

Your convergence point is lead to fall behind

Positive Parallax
the display.

Zero Parallax

When the paired parallax images superimpose on the display, then your binocular focus is lead to
fall on the same display, which is the Zero Parallax.

The L and R image lead your convergence

Zero Parallax
point to fall on the display.

Negative Parallax
When the target object offsets to the left in the left image, and offsets to the right in the right
image, then your binocular focus is lead to fall in front of the display. This phenomena is call
Negative Parallax.

The L and R images lead your convergence

Negative Parallax
point to fall in front of the display.