Nurulain Othman (012009050464) Adriana Zainal Abidin (012009050465) Nurul Ain Farhana (012009054490) Nur Syazwani Md Radzi(012009050698) Siti

Nurhasrina Mohd Salleh (012009050531) Sudha A/P Krishnan (012009050474)

Learning Outcomes
After this lesson, student will able to: define the persistent ductus arteriosis List the clinical manifestations and and etiology Use tha nursing process as a framework for care of patient with persistent ductus arteriosis.

Definition
y Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a congenital

disorder in heart where in a neonate's ductus arteriosus fails to close after birth.

Alternative Name
y Persistent Ductus Arteriosis y Patent Ductus Arteriosis

Clinical Manifestation
y Poor eating and poor growth y Enlarged heart y Tachycardia or arrhythmia y Cyanosis y Fast breathing y Easy fatigability y Frequency respiratory infections

Etiology
y Being born too soon (premature) y Having other heart defects ( congenital heart y y y y

defects) Family history and other genetic condition Rubella infection during pregnancy Poorly controlled diabetes during pregnancy Take drug,consumer alcohol, smoking or exposure to certain pregnancy

Diagnostic Test (non-invasive)

y Echocardiography y Chest x-ray y Electrocardiography y Natural history y Physical examination

Treatment
y Surgical

- Procedure Ligation - Left posterolateral thoracotomy y Medical - Non steroid anti-inflammatory drug( NSAIDS) example : ibuprofen and indomecthecin - Catheter closure of ductus with different devices without treatment patient maybe can get Eisenmenger syndrome.

Complication
y Short of breathing y Cyanosis y Eisenmenger syndrome y Poor intake y Death (very rare)

Nursing Care Plan

y Risk of infection y Lack knowledge deficit related to disease process y Anxiety related to hospitalization y Short of breathing related to disease process.

The end.. Thank you