SIZING WATER TANK DEDICATED FOR FIRE FIGHTING FOR EXISTING & PROPOSED PLANT INTRODUCTION

A logical deduction for the capacity of the water tank will be arrived at through the following steps: 1. The largest single fire suppression water demand in the entire plant will be determined; In this case, the foam fire system for the oil storage area(Tank farm) is the largest single consumer of firefighting water. 2. The volume of foam concetrate required to put out the fire will be calculated using NFPA 11 recommended application rates and time. 3The volume of water has a direct relationship with the volume of foam concetrate. Therefore the discharge of water will be deduced using this relationship. 4.The water discharge for the foam system is equal to the "largest single fixed fire suppression demand" and therefore by applying the NFPA 30 standard (Referenced), the capacity of the water tank will be deduced.

1 BUND CAPACITY FOR BULK OIL STORAGE The bund/dike(product containment barrier around the storage tanks) is constructed such that capacity is 110 % of the capacity of the largest tank in the bund, or 25 % of the capacity of all tanks, whichever volume is greater. This practice is endorsed by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) through its IPPC Guidance Note on Storage and Transfer of Materials for Scheduled Activities. Its worth noting that NFPA 30 states that "the volumetric capacity of the diked area shall not be less than the greatest amount of liquid that can be released from the largest tank within the diked area, assuming a full tank." (See references)1

a. Volumetric Capacity of Existing Bund

HFO Storage Diesel Oil

Sludge Lube oil Total

1,600,000 153,000 10,000 10,000 1,773,000

b. Volumetric Capacity of Proposed Additional Storage HFO Storage Service Tanks Total 1,000,000 300,000 1,300,000

Therefore capacity for ALL tanks (Existing and Proposed) = (a)+(b) Total (a)+(b) 3,073,000

c. Applying the 25% rule. Bund Volume Based on 25% Rule = 768,250

d. Applying the 110 % Rule on largest oil tank Bund Volume Base on 110% Rule= 1,100,000

Comparing ( c) and (d) The largest capacity is given by the 110% rule. Therefore the Bund capacity for existing and proposed additional storage will be 1,110,000 Litres or 1,110 cubic metres Bund Capacity 1,110 m3

2 DETERMINING FOAM REQUIREMENTS FOR BUND AREA a. Surface Area For Foam Application The bunded fuel storage area is considered as the single largest fire suppression system demand when sizing capacity of fire fighting water tank 2 HFO bund floor area (m2)= bund volume/bund height(1.6m) Total Area (m2) b. Foam Application Rates and Application Time** Fluoro protein (FP) was selected as the most appopiate type of foam for use. Therefore all calculations will be based on NFPA 11 requirements for FP foam concetrate 694

Application Rate FP* foam (GPM/ft2)

0.16

(LPM)/m2

6.51

Minimum Application Time Minutes = 15

* Definitions
GPM=Gallons Per Minute LPM=Liters Per Minute FP=Fluoroprotein foam-Packed in 3% and 6% concentration I US gallon= 3.785litres 1 ft2 = 0.093 m2
** Application rates and times displayed here are for spill fires of shallow depth as recommended by NFPA 11

c Volume of Foam Required * Area= 694m2 * Concentration= 3% FP foam Concentrate Volume Volume of foam required(Liters)= 67766

Liters of 3% FP Foam required d Volume of Water Required (Discharge)

2033

Vol of Water Req'd per Min(LPM)

4382

Volume of Water Required for a foam solution containing 2033 lts of concetrate= Therefore Discharge of Water in LPM 4382.17

65732.54

3 WATER REQUIREMENTS a Minimum Capacity of Fire Tank According to NFPA 850, clause 6.2.1 (2)2 the minimum volume required is: Min hose stream demand=1890L/min Water Volume required to maintain a 2 hour supply (L) Minimum size/capacity of fire fighting water tank (L)

226800 226800

b Maximum Capacity of Fire Tank According to NFPA 850, clause 6.2.1 (1) (a)2the maximum volume required is: The largest fixed fire suppression system demand is= to volume of water per minute required for fighting hydrocarbon fire in the storage tank farm using foam=4382LPM

Water Volume required to maintain a 2 hour supply (L) Maximum size/capacity of fire fighting water tank (L)

525,860 525,860

4 RECOMMENDATION The capacity of the fire fighting water tank is 526,000litres / 526 cubic meters based on deductions above.

5 REFERENCES
References 1.NFPA 30 1910.106(b)(2)(vii)(c)(1) ....the volumetric capacity of the diked area shall not be less than the greatest amount of liquid that can be released from the largest tank within the diked area, assuming a full tank. The capacity of the diked area enclosing more than one tank shall be calculated by deducting the volume of the tanks other than the largest tank below the height of the dike. 2. NFPA 850 (2005) 6.2.1 Clause The water supply for the permanent fire protection installation should be based on providing a 2-hour supply for both 6.2.1(1) and 6.2.1(2) as follows: 1. Either of the following, whichever is larger: a. The largest fixed fire suppression system demand b.Any fixed fire suppression system demands that could reasonably be expected to operate simultaneously during a single event [e.g., turbine under floor protection in conjunction with other fire protection system(s) in the turbine area, coal conveyor protection in conjunction with protection for related coal handling structures during a conveyor fire, adjacent transformers not adequately separated according to 5.2.4] 2. The hose stream demand of not less than 500 gpm (1890 L/min) 3.Environmental Protection Agency (2004). IPPC Guidance Note on Storage and Transfer of Materials for Scheduled Activities