GIAI Bai Toan Lien Quan Kshs

C c Ho Trng THPT Vnh Chn - T : Ton - L
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Chuyn kho st hm s: Hng dn v p n
Bai 1:
1) Khao sat ham so:
+
=
1
1
x
y
x
(C) TX: D = R \ (1)
2
2
' 0
( 1)
y
x
= <
Ham so giam tren tng khoang xac nh.

TC: x = 1 v
=
1
lim
x
y
TCN: y = 1 v
= lim 1
x
y
BBT:

o th:

2) Viet phng trnh tiep tuyen cua (C) i qua iem P(3, 1):
ng thang (d) qua P co he so goc k:y = k( x-3) + 1
(d) tiep xuc (C)
2
x+1
= k(x-3) + 1 (1)
x-1
-2
= k (2)
(x-1)
co nghiem
Thay (2) vao (1) :
+
= +
2
1 -2(x-3)
1
1 (x-1)
x
x
= + = =
2 2
1 2( 3) ( 1) 4 8 2 x x x x x
Thay vao (2) = 2 k Vay phng trnh tiep tuyen i qua P la: y= -2x + 7
3) e
0 0 0
( , ) ( ) M x y C . Tiep tuyen cua (C) tai M cat 2 ng tiem can tao thanh mot tam giac
co dien tch khong phu thuoc M.
Phng trnh tiep tuyen cua (C) tai M: = +
0 0 0
'( )( ) y f x x x y

+ +
+ = +

=
2
0 0 0
0 2 2
0 0 0
2
0
1 3 1 3
)
1 ( 1) ( 1)
-3
(
( -1)
x x x
x x
x x x
y x
x

Giao iem vi tiem can ng x =1.
| | + +
= =
|

\ .
0 0
0 0
4 4
1 1,
1 1
x x
x y A
x x

Giao iem vi tiem can ngang y = 1.
| |
= =
|
\ .
0 0
5 2 5 2
1 ,1
3 3
x x
y x B
Giao iem hai ng tiem can: I(1, 1)
Ta co :
+
= = =
0 0
0
4 5 2 1 1 1
. . 1 . 1
2 2 2 1 3
A I B I IAB
x x
IA IB y y x x
x
S
= = =
0
0
5 2 1 5 25
. 1 hang so
2 1 3 6
x
x
Vay:
IAB
S khong phu thuoc vao v tr iem M.
A
B
M
O
x
y

Cu 2: (2 iem)
1) Khao sat s bien thien va ve o th ham so:
2
1
x
y
x
+
=
TX: D=R\{1}
( )
3
,
0
2
1
y
x
= <
Ham so giam tren tng khoang xac nh

TCD: x=1 v lim
1
y
x
=
>

TCN: y=1 v lim 1 y
x
=

BBT:

o th:

2) Xac nh a e t A(0,a) ke c 2 tiep tuyen en
(C)
sao cho 2 tiep iem en nam ve 2 pha cua 0x.
Goi ( ; ) ( )
0 0
M x y C e
2
0
0
1
0
x
y
x
+
=

Phng trnh tiep tuyen cua (C) tai M:
'
( )( )
0 0 0
y f x x x y = +
2
2 4 2
3 3
0 0 0
( )
0 2 2 2
1
( 1) ( 1) ( 1)
0
0 0 0
x x x
y x x y x
x
x x x
+ +

= + = +

Tiep tuyen qua A(0,a)
2
4 2
0 0
2
( 1)
0
x x
a
x
+
=

2
( 1) 2( 2) 2 0
0 0
a x a x a + + + = (1)
(v
0
x =1 khong la nghiem)
ieu kien e co 2 tiep tuyen ke t A la:
1 0
1
,
2
0
a
a
a
=
=

>
A >
Khi o (1) co 2 nghiem la

0
x ,
1
x
Tung o tiep iem
2
0
0
1
0
x
y
x
+
=
va
2
1
1
1
1
x
y
x
+
=
ieu kien 2 tiep iem nam ve 2 pha

Ox.
( )
2 2( ) 4 2
0 0 1 0 1 1
0 . 0 0
0 1
1 1
1
0 1
0 1 0 1
2 4( 2)
4
9 6 2
1 1
0 0 3 2 0
2 2( 2)
3 3
1
1 1
x x x x x x
y y
x x
x x x x
a a
a
a a
a a
a a
a a
+ + + + +
< < <

+ +
+ +
+ +
+

< < < >
+ +

+

Tom lai:
2, 1
2
3
a a
a
> =

>

2
3
a

> va 1 a = S:
2
, 1
3
a a
> =
Cu 3: (2 iem)
2
2 1
1
x x
y
x
+ +
=
+

TX: D = R\{-1}
2
2 4
'
2
( 1)
x x
y
x
+
=
+

0
' 0
2
x
y
x
=
=

=

Tiem can ng: x= -1 v lim
1
y
x
=

Ta co:
2
2 1
1
y x
x
= +
+
Tiem can xien: y = 2x - 1 v
2
lim 0
1 x
x
=
+

BBT

o th:
Cho x = 1 suy ra y = 2.

2) Goi M 0 (C) co X
M
= m. Chng to rang tch cac khoang cach
t M en 2 ng tiem can cua (C) khong phu thuoc m.
Ta co: X
M
= m
2
2 1
1
y m
M
m
= +
+

Tiem can ng : x + 1 = 0 (D1)
Suy ra d
1
(M, D1)
1
1
1
m
m
+
= = +
Tiem can xien: 2x y 1 = 0 (D2) d
2
(M,D2) =
2
2 2 1 1
2 1
5 5 1
m m
m
m
+
+
=
+

Suy ra d
1
.d
2
=
2 2
1
5 1 5
m
m
+ =
+
(khong phu thuoc m)
Cu 4: (2 iem) Cho ham so:
2
2 2
1
x mx
y
x
+
=

1) Tm m e dien tch tam giac tao bi TCX va 2 truc toa o bang 4.
Ta co: 2 2
1
m
y x m
x
= + + +

Vi 0 m = th TCX: y = 2x + m + 2 v lim 0
1
m
x
x
=

Giao iem TCX va Ox: y = 0 |
.
|
\
| +

+
= 0 ,
2
2
2
2 m
A
m
x
Giao iem TXC va oy: 0 2 (0, 2) x y m B m = = + +
1 1 2
. 2 4
2 2 2
OAB
m
S OAOB m
+
= = + =
2
2
( 2) 16
6
m
m
m
=
+ =

=
( thoa ieu kien

0 m = )
2) Khao sat va ve o th khi m = -3:
2
2 3 2
(C)
1
x x
y
x

=

TX: D = R\ {1}
0
) 1 (
5 4 2
'
2
2
>
+
=
x
x x
y 1 = x
Suy ra ham so tang tren tng khoang xac nh.

TC: x = 1 v lim
1
y
x
=

TCX: y = 2x - 1 (theo cau 1)

BBT:

o th: 0 2, 2 0 x y x y = = = =

Cu 5: (2 iem) Cho: y = x
4
(m
2
+ 10)x
2
+ 9 (C
m
).
1) Khao sat va ve o th ham so vi m = 0. y = x
4
10x
2
+ 9
TXD: D = R
3 2
' 4 20 4 ( 5) y x x x x = =
0
' 0
5
x
y
x
=
=

=

5 44
2
'' 12 20 '' 0
3 9
y x y x y

= = = = iem uon
5 44 5 44
; ;
3 9 3 9
| || |

| |
| |
\ .\ .

BBT:

o th:
Cho
2
1 1
0
2 3
9
x x
y
x
x
= =
=

=

=

2) Chng minh rang vi 0 m = , (C
m
) luon luon cat Ox
tai 4 iem phan biet trong o co hai iem nam e(-3,3)
va 2 iem nam ngoai (-3,3).
Phng trnh hoanh o giao iem cua (C
m
) va Ox.
4 2 2
( 10) 9 0 x m x + + = (1) at
2
( 0) t x t = >
Phng trnh tr thanh:
2 2
( 10) 9 0 t m t + + = (2)
Ta co:
> + =
> =
> + = A
m m S
P
m m
, 0 10
0 9
, 0 36 ) 10 (
2
2 2

0 < t
1
< t
2
(1) co 4 nghiem phan biet
2 1 1 2
x x x x < < <
at f(t) =
2 2
( 10) 9 t m t + + Ta co: af(9)=
2 2
81 9 90 9 9 0, 0 m m m + = < =
0 9
1 2
t t < < <
2
9 ( 3;3)
1 1
3 3
2 1 1 2
2 ( 3;3)
9
2
2
x x
x x x x
x
x
< e

< < < < <

e
>

Vay (C
m
) cat Ox tai 4 iem phan biet trong o 2 iem ( 3, 3) e va 2 iem ( 3, 3) e .

Cu 6: (2 iem) Cho ham so
3 2
( ) ( 3) 3 4 y f x x m x x = = + + + (m la tham so)
1) Tm m e o th ham so co iem cc ai va cc tieu. Khi o viet phng trnh ng
thang i qua hai iem cc tr nay.
Ta co:
2 2
' 3 2( 3) 3; ' 0 3 2( 3) 3 0 (1) y x m x y x m x = + + = + + =
Ham so co C, CT (1) co 2 nghiem phan biet.
2 2
' 0 ( 3) 9 0 6 0 6 0 m m m m m A > + > + > < v >
Chia f(x) cho f(x) ta c :
1 1 2 1
2
'( ) ( 3) ( 6 ) 5
3 9 9 3
y f x x m m m x m

= + + + +

Vay phng trnh ng thang qua 2 iem cc tr la:
2 1
2
( 6 ) 5
9 3
y m m x m = + + + .
2) Tm m e ( ) 3 f x x > vi moi 1 x > Ta co:
4
3 2
( ) 3 , 1 ( 3) 4 0 , 1 3 , 1
2
f x x x x m x x m x x
x
> > + + > > s + >
min ( )
1
m g x
x
s
>
vi
4
( ) 3
2
g x x
x
= +
Ta co:
3
8 8
'( ) 1 , 1 ; '( ) 0 2
3 3
x
g x x g x x
x x
= = > = =
+) BBT: min ( ) 0
1
g x
x
=
>
Vay: 0 ms
Cu 7: (2 iem)
a) Khao sat s bien thien va ve o th
2
6 9
( )
2
x x
y C
x
+
=
+

- TX: D = R\ {2}
2
4 3
'
2
( 2)
x x
y
x
+
=
+

1
' 0
3
x
y
x
=
=

=

TC: x = 2 v lim
2 x
=
; Ta co:
1
4
2
y x
x
= + +
+

TCX: y = - x + 4 v
1
lim 0
2 x
x
= =
+

BBT:

o th:
Cho x = 0
9
2
y =
b) Tm Me Oy sao cho tiep tuyen ke t M en (C)
song song vi ng thang y=
3
4
x co dang.
Goi M(0, b) Oy e , tiep tiep qua M song song
ng thang
3
4
y x = co dang: (D):
3
4
y x b = +
(D) tiep xuc (C)
2
6 9 3
(1)
2 4
2
4 3 3
(2)
2
4
( 2)
x x
x b
x
x x
x
+
= +
+
co nghiem

(2)
2
4 0 0 4 x x x x = = v = Thay vao (1):
9 5
0 ; 4
2 2
x b x b = = = =
Vay :
9 5
(0; ), (0; )
1 2
2 2
M M
Cu 8: (2 iem)
a) Khao sat (1)
3 2
2 3(2 1) 6 ( 1) 1 (1) y x m x m m x = + + + + khi m= 1:
3 2
1: 2 9 12 1 m y x x x = = + + TX: D= R
1 6
2
' 6 18 12 ; ' 0
2 5
3 11 3 11
'' 12 18 ; '' 0 ,
2 2 2 2
x y
y x x y
x y
y x y x y
= =
= + =

= =
| |
= = = =
|
\ .
iem uo n I

BBT:

o th:

b) Chng minh rang m ham so (1) luon at cc tr
tai x
1
, x
2
vi x
1
- x
2
khong phu thuoc m.
Ta co:
3 2
2 3(2 1) 6 ( 1) 1
2 2
' 6 6(2 1) 6 ( 1); ' 0 (2 1) ( 1) 0 (*)
2
(2 1) 4 ( 1) 1 0
y x m x m m x
y x m x m m y x m x m m
m m m
= + + + +
= + + + = + + + =
A = + + = >

(*) luon co 2 nghiem phan biet
1 2
, x x . Ham so luon at cc tr tai
1 2
, x x .
Ta co:
2 1 1 2 ; 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2
1 2 2 1
x m m x m m x x m m = + = = + + = + = + = (hang so )
Vay:
2 1
x x khong phu thuoc m.

Bi 9: (2 iem)
a) Khao sat ham so:
2
5 4 y x x = + .
Tap xac nh: D = R
y= 2x 5

BBT:
o th:

b) Viet phng trnh tiep tuyen chung cua hai parapol:
2
( ) : 5 6
1
P y x x = + va
2
( ) : 5 11
2
P y x x = +
- Goi ( ) A : y= ax + b la tiep tuyen chung cua (P1) va (P2).
- ( ) A tiep xuc vi (P1) va (P2).
2
5 6
2
5 11
x x ax b
x x ax b
+ = +

+ = +
co nghie m ke p
co nghiem ke p

2
(5 ) 6 0
2
(5 ) 11 0
2
0
10 4 1 0 3 3
1
0 2 10 5
10 4 19 0
2
x a x b
x a x b
a a b a a
b b
a a b
+ + =

+ + =
A =
+ + + = = =
v

A = = =

=

co nghiem kep
co nghie m kep

Vay phng trnh tiep tuyen chung la: y = 3x 10 hay y = - 3x + 5

Cu 10: (2 iem)
a) Khao sat va ve o th ham so:
3 2
3 ( ) y x x C = +
TX: D = R
2
' 3 6 3 ( 2) y x x x x = + = +
0
' 0
2
x
y
x
=
=

=

'' 6 6 y x = + '' 0 1 2 y x y = = = iem uon I(-1, 2)

+) BBT:

o th:
Cho x = -3, y = 0
x = 1, y = 4

b) Tm iem M tren Ox sao cho t M ke c 3 tiep tuyen en (C)
trong o co 2 tiep tuyen vuong goc nhau.
Goi e M(a, 0) Ox , ng thang (d) qua M va co he so goc K la:
y = k( x - a)
(d) tiep xuc (C)
2
3 ( ) (1)
2
3 6 (2)
x x k x a
x x k
+ =

+ =
3
co nghiem
Thay (2) vao (1):
2 2
3 3 6 ( ) 2 3( 1) 6 0
0
2 3( 1) 6 0
2 3( 1) 6 0 (3)
x x x x x a x a x ax
x
x x a x a
x a x a
+ = + + =
=

=

=
3 3 2
2
2

Vi x = 0 k = 0 1 tiep tuyen la y = 0.
+) T M ke c 3 tiep tuyen en (C) trong o co 2 tiep tuyen vuong goc vi nhau
(3) co 2 nghiem phan biet , 0
1 2
x x = va 1
1 2
k k = .
0
0
2
0 9( 1) 48 0
2 2 2
(3 6 )(3 6 ) 1 9( ) 18 ( ) 36 1
1 1 2 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2
1
3
3
1
3
v x x = - 3a
3
1 2
2
81 81 ( 1) 108 1 0
3(a-1)
x + x =
1 2
2
a
a
a a
x x x x x x x x x x x x
a a
a a
a a a a

=
=

A > + >

+ + = + + + =

< v > =
< v > =
| |
+ =
|
|
\ .
va a 0
va a 0
-27a
1
27
a
+ 1 = 0

Vay ch co 1 iem
1
( , 0)
27
M Ox e thoa ieu kien bai toan.
Cu 11: (2 iem) Cho ham so: ( )
4 3 2
3 4 1 6 1 ( ) y x m x mx m C
m
= + + +
1) Khao sat ham so khi m= -1:
4 2
3 6 2 y x x = + TX: D = R
( )
3 2
' 12 12 12 1 y x x x x = =
0
' 0
1
x
y
x
=
=

=

1 1 1 1
2
'' 36 12 '' 0 , ,
3 3 3 3
y x y x y
| | | |
= = = =
| |
\ . \ .
1 1
ie m uon -
3 3

BBT:

o th:
Cho y=2
0
4 2
3 6 0
2
x
x x
x
=
=

=

2) Tm gia tr m < 0 e (C
m
) va ( ) : 1 y A = co ba giao iem phan biet.
Ta co: ( )
4 3 2
3 4 1 6 1 ; y x m x mx m = + + +
( ) ( )
0 1
3 3 2
' 12 12 1 12 12 1 ' 0 1
4 3
2 1
x y m
y x m x mx x x m x m y x y m
x m y m m m
= =

= + + = + + = = =

= = + +

x - 4 -1 0 1
+ 4
y - 0 + 0 - 0 +

y + 4 2 +4
C
-1 -1
( ) C
m
Va ( ) A cat nhau tai 3 iem phan biet neu ng thang :y=1 i qua iem cc tr
cua ( ) C
m
.
( )
( )
1 1 0( )
1 1( )
4 3 2
2 1 1 1 1 0
m m
m m
m m m m m m m
= + =

= =

+ + = =
loai
loai
0 ( )
1 ( )
1 5
( )
2
1 5
( )
2
m
m
m
m
=
loai
loa i
loai
nhan v m < 0

S:
1 5
2
m

=
Cu 12: (2 iem) Cho ( )
3 2
3 2 2 ( ) y x x m x m C
m
= + + + +
1) Khao sat va ve o th ( )
1
C khi m = 1.
3 2
3 3 2 ( )
1
y x x x C = + + + TX: D = R
( )
2 2
' 3 6 3 3 1 0 y x x x = + + = + > suy ra ham so luon tang tren R
' 0 1 ; '' 6 6 y x y x = = = + ; '' 0 1 1 y x y = = = iem uon I(-1, 1).
- BBT:

- o th:

Cho x = 0, y = 2
x = -2, y = 0
' 0 y
I
= tiep tuyen tai I song song Ox.
2) Tm m e ( )
m
C cat truc hoanh tai 3 iem phan biet
co hoanh o am.Phng trnh hoanh o giao iem cua ( )
m
C va Ox.

( ) ( )
( )
3 2 2
3 2 2 0 2 0
2
(1)
2
0 (2)
x x m x m x x x m
x
x x m
+ + + + = + + + =
=

+ + =

( )
m
C cat Ox tai 3 iem co hoanh o am (2) co 2 nghiem am phan biet khac -2.
2 2
2
0 1 4 0
1 1
0
0 0 4 4
0
0 1 0
m m
m
m
m m
P m
m
S
= = =

A > >

< < <

> >

>
< <

S:
1
0
4
m < <
Cu 13: (2 im) Cho
3 2
7 3 y x mx x = + + + (1)
1) Khao sat va ve o th ham so khi m = 5.
3 2
5 7 3 y x x x = + + +
TX : y= 3x
2
+10x + 7
1 0
5 16
' 0 ; '' 6 10 '' 0
7 32
3 27
3 27
x y
y y x y x y
x y
= =
= = + = = =
= =
iem uon
5 16
,
3 27
| |
|
\ .
.

BBT :

o th:

2. Tm m e ham so (1) co cc ai va cc tieu.
Lap phng trnh ng thang qua iem cc ai va cc tieu.
Ta co :
3 2 2
7 3; ' 3 2 7 y x mx x y x mx = + + + = + +
2
' 0 3 2 7 0(*) y x mx = + + =
Ham so co cc ai va cc tieu (*) co hai nghiem phan biet
2
' 0 21 0 m A > > 21 m < v 21 m >
Chia y cho y ta c :
2
1 2(21 ) 27 7
'( )
3 9 9 9
m m m
y f x x
| |
= + + +
|
\ .

Vay phng trnh ng thang qua iem cc ai va iem cc tieu la:
2
2(21 ) 27 7
9 9
m m
y

= +
Cu 14: (2 iem)
4 2
2 y x x =
1a) Khao sat va ve:
TX:
3
' 4 4 y x x =
2
1 5
' 0 0 1 ; '' 12 4; " 0
9 3
y x x y x y x y = = v = = = = =
=> iem uon
1 2
1 5 1 5
; , ;
9 9 3 3
I I
| | | |
= =
| |
\ . \ .

BBT:

o th:

+) 1b. Bien luan so nghiem:
Ta co :
4 2
2 0 x x m =
4 2
2 x x m =
Da vao o th (C) ta ket luan :
m< -1: vo nghiem. ; m= -1: 2 nghiem.
-1< m < 0: 4 nghiem. ; m= 0: 3 nghiem. ; m> 0: 2 nghiem.


Cu 15: (2 iem)
a.Khao sa t ham so :
2
4 8
2
+ +
=
+
x x
y
x
(C) TX: \ { 2} = D R
2
2
4
'
( 2)
+
=
+
x x
y
x

0
' 0
4
=
=

=
x
y
x

- Tiem can ng: x = -2 v
2
4
lim
2
=
+
x
x

- Chia t cho mau:
4
2
2
= + +
+
y x
x

Tiem can xien: y= x + 2 v
4
lim 0
2
=
+
x
x

- BBT:
- o th:

b.T o th (C) suy ra o th ham so :
2
1
4 8
2
+ +
=
+
x x
y
x

1
( ) C
Ta co :
1
neu x > -2
-y ne u x < -2
y
y

=

Do o o th
1
( ) C suy t (C) nh sau:
- Neu x > -2 th
1
( ) ( ) C C
- Neu x< -2 th lay phan oi xng cua (C) qua Ox ta c
1
( ) C
c. Xac nh tap hp nhng iem ma khong co o th nao trong ho ( )
m
C i qua:

2 2
4 8
2
+ + +
=
+
x x m
y
x
( )
m
C
Goi
2 2
0 0
0 0 0
0
4 8
( , ) ( ),
2
+ + +
e =
+
m
x x m
M x y C m y
x
vo nghiem vi moi m
0
2 = x
hoac
2 2
0 0 0 0
( 2) 4 8 = + m y x x x vo nghiem theo m.

+ < + < + +
2 2
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2
0 0
0 0
0
2
0 0
0 0
0
( 2) 4 8 0 ( 2) 4 8
x +4x +8
y < (ne u x >-2)
x +2
x +4x +8
y > (ne u x <-2)
x +2
y x x x y x x x

M mien (I) gii han b i (C) v i x > -2
M mie n (III) gii han b i (C) v i x< -2
e

Vay nhng iem M thoa ieu kien bai toan la nhng iem thuoc mat phang toa o
Oxy, khong nam tren mien (I), mien (III) va khong nam tren (C).
(C)
(C1)
(I)
X
Y
(III)
-4
O
4
2
(C1)
-2
-4
Cu 16:
1. Khao sat va ve o th ham so: = + + =
2 3 2
( 1) ( 4) 6 9 4 y x x x x x
- TX: D = R
=
= =

=
= = = =
2
1
' 3 12 9 ' 0
3
'' 6 12 " 0 2 2
x
y x x y
x
y x y x y

iem uon :( -2, -2)
- BBT:

- o th :

2) Dung o th (C) bien luan theo m so nghiem cua
phng trnh : + + = + +
2 2
( 1) ( 4) ( 1) ( 4) x x m m
+ + = + +
2 2
( 1) ( 4) ( 1) ( 4) x x m m
ay la phng trnh hoanh o giao iem cua (C)
va ng thang (d) co phng trnh : = + +
2
( 1) ( 4) y m m
- So giao iem la so nghiem cua phng trnh .
- Bien luan:
+ + < + > >
2 2
( 1) ( 4) 4 ( 3) 0 0 m m m m m : 1 nghiem
+ + < = v =
2
( 1) ( 4) 4 0 3 m m m m : 2 nghiem
< + + < < <
2
4 ( 1) ( 4) 0 4 0 m m m : 3 nghiem
+ + = = v =
2
( 1) ( 4) 0 1 4 m m m m : 2 nghiem
+ + > <
2
( 1) ( 4) 0 4 m m m :1 nghiem

Cu 17: ( 3 iem) Cho:
2
( 1)( ) y x x mx m = + + (1)
1) Khao sat ham so (1) tng ng vi m= -2:
2 3 2
( 1)( 2 2) 3 2 y x x x y x x = = + Tap xac nh : D = R
2
' 3 6 3 ( 2) = = y x x x x
0
' 0
2
=
=

=
x
y
x

'' 6 6 = y x " 0 1 0 = = = y x y
iem uon : I(1, 0)
BBT:
o th:
iem ac biet :
2) Tm m e o th (1) tiep xuc truc hoanh.
Xac nh toa o tiep iem.
Ta co :
3 2
( 1) y x m x m = + (1)
o th (1) tiep xuc truc hoanh
3 2
2
x +(m-1)x -m=0 (2)
3x +2(m-1)x=0 (3)
co nghiem .
| |
0
(3) 3 2( 1) 0
2( 1)
3
x
x x m
m
x
=
+ =

Thay vao (2) :
3 3
3 3 2
2
0 0
2( 1) 8 4
( 1) ( 1) 0
3 27 9
4( 1) 27 0 4 12 15 4 0
4
( 4)(4 4 1) 0
1
2
x m
m
x m m m
m m m m m
m
m m m
m
= =
= + =
= =
=
+ + =

Hoanh o tiep iem la :
1
0 0 4 2 1
2
m x m x m x = = = = = =
Vay o th (C) tiep xuc Ox khi: m= 0, m= 4,
1
2
m =
Toa o tiep iem tng ng la: (0, 0), (-2, 0), (1, 0)
Cu 18: ( 3 iem)
1) Khao sat ham so:
+
=
1
1
x
y
x
(C) TX: D = R \ (1)
2
2
' 0
( 1)
y
x
= <
Ham so giam tren tng khoang xac nh.

TC: x = 1 v
=
1
lim
x
y TCN: y = 1 v
= lim 1
x
y
BBT:

o th:

2) Viet phng trnh tiep tuyen cua (C) i qua iem P(3, 1):
ng thang (d) qua P co he so goc k: y = k( x-3) + 1
(d) tiep xuc (C)
2
x+1
= k(x-3) + 1 (1)
x-1
-2
= k (2)
(x-1)
co nghiem
Thay (2) vao (1) :
+
= +
2
1 -2(x-3)
1
1 (x-1)
x
x

= + = =
2 2
1 2( 3) ( 1) 4 8 2 x x x x x
A
B
M
O
x
y
Thay vao (2) = 2 k
Vay phng trnh tiep tuyen i qua P la: y= -2x + 7
3) e
0 0 0
( , ) ( ) M x y C . Tiep tuyen cua (C) tai M cat 2 ng tiem can tao thanh mot tam giac
co dien tch khong phu thuoc M.
Phng trnh tiep tuyen cua (C) tai M: = +
0 0 0
'( )( ) y f x x x y

+ +
+ = +

=
2
0 0 0
0 2 2
0 0 0
2
0
1 3 1 3
)
1 ( 1) ( 1)
-3
(
( -1)
x x x
x x
x x x
y x
x

Giao iem vi tiem can ng x =1.
| | + +
= =
|

\ .
0 0
0 0
4 4
1 1,
1 1
x x
x y A
x x

Giao iem vi tiem can ngang y = 1.
| |
= =
|
\ .
0 0
5 2 5 2
1 ,1
3 3
x x
y x B
Giao iem hai ng tiem can: I(1, 1)
Ta co :
+
= = =
= = =
0 0
0
0
0
4 5 2 1 1 1
. . 1 . 1
2 2 2 1 3
5 2 1 5 25
. 1 hang so
2 1 3 6
A I B I
IAB
x x
IA IB y y x x
x
x
x
S

Vay:
IAB
S khong phu thuoc vao v tr iem M.
Cu ( 2 iem) Cho = = +
3
( ) 2( 1)
3
m
y f x x m x
a) Khao sat ham so khi m= 1: =
3
1
4
3
y x x
- TX: D = R
2
' 4 y x =
=
= = = = =
=
;
2
' 0 " 2 " 0 0 0
2
x
y y x y x y
x

iem uon O(0, 0).
BBT:

o th:
Cho = =
16
4
3
x y
= =
16
4
3
x y

b)Tm m e o th ham so co cc ai,
cc tieu sao cho:
= +
2 3
2
( ) (4 4)
9
C CT
y y m
Ta co: = +
3
2( 1)
3
m
y x m x = +
2
' 2( 1) y mx m
-2 2
+
16
3
x
y
y
+
+
+
16
3
0 0
= + =
2
' 0 2( 1) 0 y mx m (1)
Ham so co cc ai va cc tieu (1) co 2 nghiem phan biet
+
> < v >
2( 1)
0 1 0
m
m m
m

Khi o (1) co 2 nghiem <
1 2 1 2
, ( ) x x x x =
1
( )
C
y f x va =
2
( )
CT
y f x
e tm
C
y va
CT
y ta chia f(x) cho f(x) th c:
| |
|
\ .
+ =
1 4
( 1)
3 3
( ) '( ). x m x f x f x
+
+
= =
= =
1
2
1
2
4
( 1)
3
4
( 1)
3
( )
( )
C
CT
m x
m x
y f x
y f x
= =
1 2
(V f'(x ) 0, '( ) 0) f x
Theo gia thiet: = +
2 3
2
( ) (4 4)
9
C CT
y y m
+ = + = + =
= +
=
2 2 3
1 2 1 2
2
16 2
( 1) ( ) 64( 1) ( ) 8( 1) ( V m+1 0 )
9 9
8(m+1) -2(m+1)
S 4 8(m+1) 0 (v S = 0 , P = )
m
m = 1 ( V m+1 0 )
m x x m x x m
P
m

So vi ieu kien v m< -1 m > 0 nhan gia tr m = 1 S: m = 1.

Cu 20: ( 2 iem)
1) Khao sat ham so: = +
1
1
y x
x
(C) Tap xac nh: { } = \ 1 D R
-
2
2 2
1 2
' 1
( 1) ( 1)
x x
y
x x
= =

0
' 0
2
x
y
x
=
=

=

- Tiem can ng: x = 1 v
=
1
lim
x

- Tiem can xien: y = x v
1
lim 0
1
x
x

- BBT:

- o th:

2) Viet phng trnh cac tiep tuyen cua (C) ke t A(0, 3)
- ng thang (D) qua A va co he so goc k: y = kx +3
(D) tiep xuc (C)
+ =
2
1
kx + 3 (1)
1
1
1 k (2)
( 1)
x
x
x
co nghiem
- Thay (2) vao (1) :
X
O
Y
2
-1
1
3
+ = +

= + + =
=
=
= =

2
2 2
1
3
1 ( 1)
1 3( 1) 3 8 4 0
2
0
2
8
3
x
x x
x x
x x x x x
x
k
k x

S: y = 3 ; y = -8x + 3
Cau 21:
a) Khao sat va ve o th ham so:
= + + +
3 2
2 2 y x x x ; TX : D = R
2
' 3 4 1 y x x = + +

=
=
=
1
' 0
1
3
x
y
x

= + = = =
2 52
" 6 4 ; " 0
3 27
y x y x y iem uon
| |
|
\ .
2 50
,
3 27
I
BBT:

o Th:

b) Bien luan theo k so giao iem cua (C) va
1
( ) D : y = kx + 2 .
Phng trnh hoanh o giao iem cua (C) va
1
( ) D :
+ + + = + + + =
=
A = + =
+ + =
3 2 2
2
2 2 2 ( 2 1 ) 0
0
' 1 1
2 1 0
x x x kx x x x k
x
k k
x x k

Bien luan :
k > 0 va =1 k : (C) va
1
( ) D co 3 iem chung.
k = 0 . k = 1: 2 iem chung.
k < 0: 1 iem chung
c) Tnh dien tch hnh phang gii han bi (C) truc hoanh va ng thang
2
( ) D :y = -x + 1.
Phng trnh hoanh o giao iem cua (C) va
2
( ) D .
+ + + = + + + + =
+ + + = = =
3 2 3 2
2
2 2 1 2 2 1 0
( 1)( 1) 0 1 2
x x x x x x x
x x x x y

Giao iem cua (C) va truc hoanh:
+ + + = + + = =
3 2 2
2 2 0 ( 2)( 1) 0 2 x x x x x x
Dien tch hnh phang cho bi:
| |
|
\ .
= + + + + + = + + + + + = + =

1
1
1 1
4 3 2 2
3 2
2 1 2
1
2 17 41
( 2 2) ( 1) 2 2 ( )
4 3 2 2 12 12
x x x x
S x x x dx x dx x x vdt
CAU 22:
1) Khao sat va ve o th ham so:
2
3 2 2
3
2
x x
y x
x
+
= = + (C) TX: D = R\ {0}
2
2
2
'
x
y
x
= ;
2
' 0
2

x
y
x
=
=
=

TC: x = 0 v
0
lim
x
y
=
TCX: y = x 3 v
2
lim 0
x
x
=
BBT:

o th:
Cho y = 0 x
2
3x +2 = 0
1
2
x
x
=

2)Tm M tren ng thang x = 1 sao cho t M ke c
en (C) 2 tiep tuyen vuong goc nhau.
Goi M(1, b) nam tren ng thang x = 1.
ng thang (d) qua M va M co he so goc k: y= k(x - 1) + b
(d) tiep xuc vi (C)
2
2
2
3 2
2
k(x - 2) + b (1)
k (2)
x x
x
x
x
+
=
co nghiem.
Thay (2) vao (1):
2 2
2
3 2 ( 2)( 1) x x x
b
x x
+
= + (b + 2)x
2
4x + 2 = 0 (3)

T M ke 2 tiep tuyen en (C) va vuong goc vi nhau.
(2) co 2 nghiem phan biet x
1
, x
2
= 0 sao cho k
1
, k
2
= -1.
2 2
1 2
1 2 2 2
1 2
4 2( 2 0)
' 0
2 2
. 1 1
b
x x
k k
x x
+ >
A >

= =

1 2
2 2 2 2
1 2 1 2
1 2
2
x
0
2
v i
4 ( ) 2 0
2
x
b
b
x x x x
x x
b
=
>
+

+ + =

+ =
+

2
0 0

6 2 0 3 7 (nhan)
b b
b b b
< <

+ + = =

CAU 23:
1)Khao sat va ve o th ham so:
2
3 2 2
3
2
x x
y x
x
+
= = + (C) TX: D = R\ {0}
2
2
2
'
x
y
x
= ;
2
' 0
2

x
y
x
=
=
=

TC: x = 0 v
0
lim
x
y
=
TCX: y = x 3 v
2
lim 0
x
x
=
BBT:

o th: Cho y = 0 x
2
3x +2 = 0
1
2
x
x
=

2)Tm M tren ng thang x = 1 sao cho t M ke c
en (C) 2 tiep tuyen vuong goc nhau.
Goi M(1, b) nam tren ng thang x = 1.
ng thang (d) qua M va M co he so goc k: y= k(x - 1) + b
(d) tiep xuc vi (C)
2
2
2
3 2
2
k(x - 2) + b (1)
k (2)
x x
x
x
x
+
=
co nghiem.
Thay (2) vao (1):
2 2
2
3 2 ( 2)( 1) x x x
b
x x
+
= + (b + 2)x
2
4x + 2 = 0 (3)
T M ke 2 tiep tuyen en (C) va vuong goc vi nhau.
(2) co 2 nghiem phan biet x
1
, x
2
= 0 sao cho k
1
, k
2
= -1.
2 2
1 2
1 2 2 2
1 2
4 2( 2 0)
' 0
2 2
. 1 1
b
x x
k k
x x
+ >
A >

= =

1 2
2 2 2 2
1 2 1 2
1 2
2
x
0
2
v i
4 ( ) 2 0
2
x
b
b
x x x x
x x
b
=
>
+

+ + =

+ =
+

2
0 0

6 2 0 3 7 (nhan)
b b
b b b
< <

+ + = =

Cau 24:
Cho
4 2
2 2 ( )
m
y x x m C = +
1) Khao sat va ve o th ham so khi m = 0
4 2
2 2 y x x = + TX: D = R
3 2
' 4 4 4 ( 1) y x x x x = =

0
' 0
1
x
y
x
=
=

=

2
'' 12 4 y x = ;
1 13
'' 0
9
3
y x y = = = iem uon
1 13 1 13
, , ,
9 9
3 3
| | | |
| |
\ . \ .

BBT:
o th: Cho y=2 x
4
- x
2
=0

0
2
x
x
=

2) Tm m e (C
m
) ch co hai giao iem chung vi truc Ox.
m
) va truc Ox:
x
4
- 2x
2
+ 2-m = 0 (1)
at t = x
2
(t0)
Phng trnh tr thanh:
t
2
- 2t + 2 m = 0 (2)
(1) ch co 2 nghiem (2) co nghiem trai dau hoac (1)
co nghiem kep dng
0
2 2 0
' 0
1 1 2 0
0
2
P
m m
m m
b
a
<
> <
A =

= + =

>

Vay (C
m
) cat Ox tai 2 iem khi: m = 1 hay m > 2.
3) Chng minh rang m tam giac co 3 nh la 3 iem cc tr cua (C
m
) la mot tam giac
vuong can:
Ta co: y = x
4
- 2x
2
+ 2 - my= 4x
3
- 4x
2 0
' 0
1 1
y m x
y
y m x
= =
=

= =

Goi 3 iem cc tr la:
A(0, 2- m), B(-1, 1- m), C(1, 1- m)
Ta co:
1 1 0,
( 1, 1) 2 ; (1, 1) 2
2,
ACAB m
AB AB AC AC
AB AC m
= + =
= = = =

= =

Vay A ABC la tam giac vuong can tai A, m.
Cau 25:
a) Khao sat ham so: y=x
4
-5x
2
+4 (C) TXD: D = R
y= 4x
3
- 10x = 2x (2x
2
- 5)
0
y'=0
10
2
x
x
=

y= 12x
2
10
5 19
'' 0
6 36
y x y = = = iem uon:
5 19 5 19
, ,
6 36 6 36
| || |
| |
| |
\ .\ .

BBT:

o th:

Cho
4 4
1
4 0
2
0 5
x
x
y x x
=
+ =

=
=
b) Tm tat ca cac gia tr cua a e (C) tiep xuc vi o
th y=x
2
+a.
Tm toa o tiep iem: Goi (P): y = x
2
+ a.
(C) tiep xuc (P)
3
4 4 2
(1)
(2) 4 10 2
5 4 a
x x
x x x
x
=
+ =

co nghiem
( )
3 3
0
(2) 3 0 3 0
3
x
x x x
x
x
=
= =

=

Thay vao (1):
0 4; 3 5 x a x a = = = =
Vay a = 4, a = -55. Tiep iem ( )
( )( )
0, 4 3, 2 3, 2 .

Cau 26: Cho ham so: y = x
3
-(2m + 1)x
2
+ (m
2
- 3m + 2)x + 4
a) Khao sat ham so khi m = 1: y=x
3
- 3x
2
+ 4 TXD: D = R
y' = 3x
2
- 6x ;
0
' 0
2
x
y
x
=
=

=

y= 6x 6 ; y= 0 x = 1 y = 2 iem uon I(1, 2)
BBT:

o th:
x = 3, y = 4
x = -1, y = 0

b) Xac nh m e o th ham so co iem cc ai, cc tieu ve
2 pha truc tung. Ta co: y = x
3
- (2m +1)x
2
+ (m
2
- 3m + 2)x + 4
y= 3x
2
- 2(2m + 1)x + m
2
- 3m + 2
o th ham so co iem cc ai va iem cc tieu ve 2 pha cua truc Oy.
y = 0 co 2 nghiem x
1,
x
2
trai dau P< 0.
2
3 2
0 1 2
3
m m
m
+
< < < S: 1 < m < 2
Cau 27:
a) Khao sat ham so: ( )
2
3 6
1
1
x x
y
x
+
=
TXD: D=R\{1}

( )
2
2
1
2 3
' ' 0
3
1
x
x x
y y
x
x
=
= =

=

Tiem can ng: x=1 v
1
lim
x
y
=
Tiem can xien: Ta co:
4
2
1
y x
x
= +
TCX: y = x - 2 v
4
lim 0
1 x x
=

BBT:

o th:
Cho x = 0 y = -6
x = 2 y = 4

b) T o th ham so (1) hay neu cach ve va ve o th ham so:

2
3 6
1
x x
y
x

=
(C
1
) Ta co: y0 (C
1
) pha tren Ox.

1
neu ( 1)
ne u ( 1)
y x
y
y x
>
=

<

Suy ra cach ve (C
1
) nh sau:
- Phan cua o th (1) ng vi x > 1 trung vi (C
1
).
- Bo phan cua (1) ng vi x < 1 va lay phan oi xng
cua phan nay qua truc Ox ta c (C
1
).
c) T goc O co the ve c bao nhieu tiep tuyen en o th (C).
Tm toa o tiep iem (neu co).
- ng thang (d) qua 0 va co he so goc k la: y=kx.
- Hoanh o tiep iem la nghiem cua he:

( )
2
2
2
3 6
(1)
1
2 3
(2)
1
x x
kx
x
x x
k
x
+
=

Thay (2) vao (1):

( )
2 2
2
2
3 6 4 6 9
3 6 ( 2 3)
6 3 0
1
1 3 6 4 6 9
x k
x x x x x
x x
x
x x k

= + =
+
= + =
= =

Vay co 2 tiep tuyen ke t 0 en o th (1).
Toa o tiep iem la:
1
3 6 3 6 3 (3 6, 3 6 3) x y M = + = +

2
3 6 3 6 3 (3 6, 3 6 3) x y M = =
Cau 28: Cho ham so:
3
1
y x x m (1)
3
= +
1) Khao sat ham so (1) khi
2
m
3
=

3
1 2
y x x (C)
3 3
= + TXD: D = R

2
y' x 1
x 1
y' 0
x 1
y'' 2x
2 2
y'' 0 x 0 y ie m uon I(0, )
3 3
=
=
=

=
=
= = =

- BBT:

- o th:
Cho

x 2, y 0
4
x 2, y
3
= =
= =

2) Tm m e o th (1) cat truc hoanh tai 3 iem phan biet:
o th (1) cat Ox tai 3 iem phan biet.

3
3
1
x x m 0 co 3 nghiem pha n biet.
3
1 2 2
x x m (*) co 3 nghiem phan bie t.
3 3 3
+ =
+ = +

ay la phng trnh hoanh o giao iem cua (C) va ng thang (d).
Phng trnh (*) co 3 nghiem phan biet (d) cat (C) tai 3 iem phan biet:

2 4
0 m
3 3
2 2
m
3 3
< + <
< <

Cau 29 :
1) Khao sat va ve o th ham so :
2
( )
2
x x
y C
x
+
=

- TX : { } \ 2 D R =

2
2
4 2
'
( 2)
2 6
' 0
2 6
x x
y
x
x
y
x

=
=
=
= +

- Tiem can ng :
x = 2 v
2
lim
x
y
=
Ta co :
6
3
2
y x
x
= + +

- Tiem can xien:
y = x + 3 v
6
lim 0
2
x
x

- BBT:

- o th :
Cho x = 0 , y = 0
x = 1 , y = -2

X
Y
O
(C)

2) Xac nh b e ( ) A cat (C) tai 2 iem phan biet .
Phng trnh tiep tuyen cua (C) tai O.

1
'( ).
2
y f O x y x = =
( ) A qua B(0, b) va song song (d) co dang :

1
( ) :
2
y x b A = +
Phng trnh hoanh o giao iem cua ( ) A va (C) :

2
2 2
2
1
2 2
2 2 2 2 4
3 2 4 0
x x
x b
x
x x x x bx b
x bx b
+
= +
+ = + +
+ =

( ) A cat (C) tai 2 iem phan biet : ' 0 A >

2
12 0 0 12 b b b b > < v >
Toa o trung iem I cua MN :

2
5
2 6 3
2 1
2
M N
x x b b
x
x
y
y x b
+
= = =
= +

Vay I nam tren ng thang co nh co phng trnh :
5
2
x
y =
Cau 30:
Cho ham so :
2
2 2
1
x mx
y
x
+ +
=
+

1. Khao sat va ve o th ham so vi m = 1:

2
2 2
1
x x
y
x
+ +
=
+

- TX : { } \ 1 D R =

2
2
2
'
( 1)
x x
y
x
+
=
+

0
' 0
2
x
y
x
=
=
=

- Tiem can ng :
x = -1 v
1
lim
x
=
Ta co:
1
1
1
y x
x
= + +
+

- Tiem can xien :
y = x + 1 v
1
lim 0
1
x
x
=
+

- BBT:

- o th:

X
Y
O
(C)

2. Tm m e ham so co cc ai, cc tieu va khoang cach t iem cc ai va iem
cc tieu en ng thang: x + y + 2 = 0 bang nhau.
Ta co:
2
2 2
1
x mx
y
x
+ +
=
+

2
2
2 2 2
'
( 1)
x x m
y
x
+ +
=
+

2
' 0 2 2 2 0 y x x m = + + = (1)
Ham so co cc ai, cc tieu (1) co 2 nghiem phan biet.

3
' 3 2 0
2
m m A = > <
Toa o iem C
1 1 1
( , ) M x y va iem CT
2 2 2
( , ) M x y cho bi:

1
1 1 1
1
2
2 2 2
2
'( )
1 3 2 2 2
'( )
'( )
1 3 2 2 2
'( )
u x
x m y x m
v x
u x
x m y x m
v x
= = = +
= = = +

Goi (D): x + y +2 = 0, ta co: ( ) ( )
1 2
, , d M D d M D =

1 1 2 2
1 2
1 2
1 2
1 2
1 2
2 2 2 2 2 2
2 2
3 2 2 3 2 2
3 2 2 3 2 2
3 2 2 3 2 2
( )
4( 1)
3
4( 1) 1
2
3 2
x x m x x m
x m x m
x m x m
x m x m
x x loai
m
x x
m
m
+ + + + + +
=
+ + = + +
+ + = + +
+ + =
=
+
+ =
+
= =

So vi ieu kien
3
2
m < nhan
1
2
m =
S :
1
2
m =
Cau 31:


3 2
6 9 y x x x = + (C)
- TX : D = R

2
' 3 12 9
1
' 0
3
" 6 12
y x x
x
y
x
y x
= +
=
=

=
=

" 0 2 2 y x y = = = iem uon (2, 2)
- BBT:

- o th:

4 3 2 1 O X
Y
2
4
(C)

2) a) T o th (C) hay suy ra o th
1
( ) C cua ham so:

3
2
1
6 9 y x x x = +
Ta co:
3 2
1 1
6 9 ( ) y x x x y f x = + =
ay la ham so chan nen o th
1
( ) C nhan Oy lam truc oi xng.

3 O
X
Y
4
-3
(D)

Do o o th
1
( ) C suy t (C) nh sau:
- Phan cua (C) ben phai truc Oy gi nguyen.
- Bo phan cua (C) ben trai Oy va lay phan oi xng cua phan ben phai cua
(C) qua truc Oy.
b) Bien luan theo m so nghiem cua phng trnh:

3
2
3
2
6 9 3 0
6 9 3
x x x m
x x x m
+ + =
+ =

ay la phng trnh hoanh o giao iem cua
1
( ) C va ng thang d: y = 3 m So
giao iem cua
1
( ) C va d la so nghiem cua phng trnh.
Bien luan:
- 3 0 3 m m < > :vo nghiem
- 3 0 3 m m = = : 3 nghiem
- 0 3 4 1 3 m m < < < < : 6 nghiem
- 3 4 1 m m = = : 4 nghiem
- 3 4 1 m m > < : 2 nghiem
Cau 32 :
1) a) Khao sat ham so:
2
1
1
x x
y
x
+
=

- TX : { } \ 1 D R =

2
2
2
'
( 1)
0
' 0
2
x x
y
x
x
y
x
=
=
=

- Tiem can ng:
x = 1 v
1
1
lim
1
x
x

Ta co:
1
1
y x
x
= +

- Tiem can xien:
y = x v
1
lim 0
1
x
x

- BBT:

- o th :

X
Y
O
(C)
1 2
1
I
-1
3

b) Xac nh
1 1
( , ) ( ) A x y C e vi
1
1 x > sao cho khoang cach t A en giao iem hai
ng tiem can nho nhat.
Goi I la giao iem 2 ng tiem can:
1 1 (1,1) x y I = =

1 1 1 1
1
1
( , ) ( )
1
A x y C y x
x
e = +

Ta co :
2 2 2
1 1
( 1) ( 1) AI x y = +

2
2
1 1
1
1
( 1) 1
1
x x
x
| |
|
\ .
= + +

2 2 2
1 1
2 2
1 1
1 1
2( 1) 2 2 2( 1) . 2
( 1) ( 1)
2 2 2 2( 2 1)
AI x x
x x
= + + > +

= + = +

Min
2
2( 2 1) AI = + khi :

2 4
1 1 2
1
1
4
1
4
4
1
4
1
4
1 1
2( 1) ( 1)
2 ( 1)
1
1
2
1
1
1 2
2
1
2
1 ( )
2
x x
x
x
x
y
x loai
= =
=
= +
= +
=

Vay :
4
4 4
1 1
1 , 2
2 2
A
| |
|
\ .
+ + th Min 2( 2 1) AI = +
2) Tm tap gia tr cua
2
3
1
x
y
x
+
=
+
va cac tiem can cua o th ham so o:
- Mien xac nh R.
-
2 2
1 3
'
( 1) 1
x
y
x x
=
+ +
,
1
' 0
3
y x = =
- Bang bien thien:

Da vao bang bien thien ta ket luan:
- Mien gia tr cua ham so : ( 1, 10}
- o th co 2 ng tiem can ngang: 1 1 y y = v =
CAU 33:
2
2 2
1
x x
y
x
+
=

- TX: D = R\{1}

2
2
'
2
( 1)
0
' 0
2
x x
y
x
x
y
x
=
=

=

- Tiem can ng:
x = 1 v lim
1 x
=

Ta co:
1
3
1
y x
x
= + +

- Tiem can xien:
y = x + 3 v
1
lim 0
1 x
x
=

- BBT:

- o th:

2) Tm iem M tren (C) sao cho khoang cach t M en giao iem 2 ng tiem
can la nho nhat.
Giao iem cua 2 ng tiem can la: I(1,4)
Goi
1
1 , 4 ( ) M a a C
a
| |
+ + + e
|
\ .

- Xet a > 0
Ta co:

2
1 1 1
2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2 . 2
2 2
2 2 2
2 2 2
IM a a a a
a
a a
IM
| |
= + + = + + > +
|
\ .
= +
> +

min( ) 2 2 2 IM = + khi
1 1
2 4
2
2
2
a a
a
= =

1 1 1
4
1 , 4 2
4 4 4
2 2 2
a M
| |
= + + +
|
|
\ .

Do tnh oi xng nen co 2 iem M thoa ieu kien bai toan:

1 1
4
1 , 4 2
1 4 4
2 2
1 1
4
1 , 4 2
2 4 4
2 2
M
M
| |
+ + +
|
|
\ .
| |
+
|
|
\ .

CAU34:
Cho ham so:
2
1
1
x mx
y
x
+
=

Tm m e tiem can xuyen cat cac truc toa o tai A, B sao cho:
18
OAB
S =
Ta co: 1
1
m
y x m
x
= + + +

TCX: y = x + m + 1 v lim 0
1
m
x
x
=

TCX cat Ox tai A: y = 0 suy ra x = -m-1
A(-m-1, 0)
TCX cat Oy tai B: x = 0 y = m + 1
B(0, m+1)

1
. 18
2
S OAOB
OAB
= =

( )
1 . 1 36
5
2
1 36
7
m m
m
m
m
+ =
=
+ =

=

CAU 35:
1) Khao sat s bien thien va ve o th ham so vi m = 1

3 2
6 9 4 y x x x = + +
- TX: D = R

2
' 3 12 9
1
' 0
3
'' 6 12
y x x
x
y
x
y x
= +
=
=

=
= +

'' 0 2 2 y x y = = = iem uon (2, 2).
- BBT:

- o th:

Cho x = 0, y = 4
x = 4, y = 0
2) Tm m e o th ham so co iem cc ai, iem cc tieu oi xng nhau qua
iem I(0, 4)
Ta co: ( ) ( )
3 2
3 1 3 2 1 4 y x m x m x = + + + +

( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( )
3
' 3 6 1 3 2 1
3
' 0 3 6 1 3 2 1 0
2
2 1 2 1 0 (1)
y x m x m
y x m x m
x m x m
= + + +
= + + + =
+ + + =

Ham so co cc ai va cc tieu ' 0 A =

( )
2 2
1 2 1 0 0 0
1 3 3
1 1
3
2 1 4 3 3
2 2
m m m m
x y m
x m y m m
+ > > =
= = +
= + = +

Toa o iem cc ai va cc tieu la:

3
(1, 3 3), (2 1, 4 3 3)
1 2
M m M m m m + + +

1
M Va
2
M oi xng nhau qua I I la trung iem
1
M
2
M

( )
( )
0
2 2 0
1 2
3
8
4 3 3 3 3 8
1 2
1
1
3
3
1 4 4 2 0
4 6 2 0
x x
m
y y
m m m
m
m
m m m
m m
+ = + =

+ =
+ + =

=
=

+ =
=

1 m = (nhan)
S: 1 m =
CAU 36:
Cho ham so
2
2 (6 )
2
x m x
y
mx
+
=
+

1) Tm m e ham so co cc ai va cc tieu:
Ta co:
( )
2
2 8 12 2
'
2
2
mx x m
y
mx
+ +
=
+

2
' 0 2 8 12 2 0
2
4 6 0 (1)
y mx x m
mx x m
= + + =
+ + =

Ham so at cc ai va cc tieu (1) co 2 nghiem phan biet.

( )
0 0
4 6 0 ' 0
0
0
2
3 5 3 5
6 4 0
m m
m m
m
m
m m
m m
= =

> A >

= =

< v > + + >

Vay: 3 5 3 5 m m < v > + va 0 m = th ham so co cc ai, cc tieu
2) Khao sat ham so khi m = 1:

2
2 5
( )
2
x x
y C
x
+
=
+

- TX: D = R\ {-2}

( )
2
2 8 10
' 0 2
2
2
x x
y x
x
+ +
= > =
+

Ham so tang tren tng khoang xac nh.
- Tiem can ng :
x = -2 v lim
2
y
x
=

Ta co:
2
2 1
2
y x
x
= +
+

- Tiem can xien:
y = 2x + 1 v
2
lim 0
2 x
x
=
+

- BBT:

- iem ac biet:

- o th:

3) Chng minh rang tai moi iem cua (C) tiep tuyen luon luon cat 2 tiem can mot
tam giac co dien tch khong oi.
oi truc bang tnh tien theo vec t ( 2, 3) OI =

2
3
x X
y Y
=

Thay vao
2
2 1
2
y x
x
= +
+

2 2
3 2 3 2 Y X Y X
X X
= =

2
' 2
2
Y
X
= +
Goi
2
( , ) ( ) 2
0 0 0 0 0
0
M X Y C Y X
X
e =
Phng trnh tiep tuyen tai
0
M :
'( )( )
0 0 0
Y f X X X Y = +

( )
2 2
2 2
0 0 2
0
0
2 4
2
2
0
0
Y X X X
X
X
Y X
X
X
| |
|
= + +
|
|
\ .
| |
|
= +
|
|
\ .

TC: X= 0
TCX: Y= 2X
Giao iem vi tiem can ng:

4 4
0 0,
0 0
X Y A
X X
| |
|
= =
|
\ .

Giao iem vi TCX:

( )
2 4
2 2 2 4
0 0 2
0
0
2 , 4
0 0
X X X X Y X
X
X
B X X
| |
|
+ = = =
|
|
\ .

1 1 4
2 4
0
2 2
0
S X Y X
IAB B A
X
= = = (khong oi)
CAU 37:
1) Cho ham so:
3 2
3( 1) 3 ( 2) 1 y x a x a a x = + +
a) Khao sat va ve o th ham so khi a=0

3 2
3 1 y x x = + +
D = R

( )
2
' 3 6 3 2
0
' 0
2
'' 6 6
'' 0 1 3
y x x x x
x
y
x
y x
y x y
= + = +
=
=

=
= +
= = =

iem uon (-1, 3)
- BBT:

- o th:
Cho

1 5
3 1
x y
x y
= =
= =


b) Vi gia tr nao cua a th ham so on bien vi 1 2 x s s
Ta co:

( ) ( )
( ) ( )
3 2
3 1 3 2 1
2
' 3 6 1 3 2
y x a x a a x
y x a x a a
= + +
= +

Ham so ong bien vi 1 2 x s s
' 0 y > vi 1 2 x s s
( ) ( )
2
2 1 2 0 x a x a a + > vi : 2 1 1 2 x x s s v s s
BXD:

' 0 y > vi 2 1 1 2 x x s s v s s

1 2 1
1 1
a a
a a a
s v s
> v s e

Vay ham so ong bien trong 1 2 x s s vi moi ae
2) Tm m e o th
2
3 3
m
y x x
x
= + + co 3 iem cc tr.
Ta co: ' 2 3
2
m
y x
x
=
Ham so co 3 cc tr y= 0 co 3 nghiem phan biet.

3 2
2 3 0 x x m = co 3 nghiem phan biet.
Xet ham so ( )
3 2
2 3 g x x x m =

( )
( )
2
'( ) 6 6
0
' 0
1 1
c
g x x x
x y m
g x
x y m
CT
=
= =
=
= = +

g(x) = 0 co 3 nghiem phan biet . 0 y y
ct
<
c

( ) 1 0 1 0 m m m + < < <
Vay o th co 3 iem cc tr khi: -1 < m < 0
Chia f(x) cho f(x) ta c phng trnh ng cong cha 3 iem cc tr:
( )
1 3 3 3 3
' . .
2
2 4 4 2 4
m m
y f x x
x
x
| |
= + +
|
\ .

Toa o cac iem cc tr thoa he:

( )
( )
( )
2 3 1
' 0
2
3 3 3
. . 3 3 3
2 . . 2
4 2 4
2
4 2 4
m
x
f x
x
m m
y m m
y
x
x
x
x
=
=

= +

= +

Kh m ta co:

2
2 3 2 3
2
m m
x x x
x
x
= =
Thay vao (2) ta c :

( )
( )
3 3 3
2
2 3 2 3
4 2 4
y x x x = +

( )
2
3 6 3
2
3 1
y x x
y x
= +
=

Vay 3 iem cc tr tren ng cong co phng trnh:
( )
2
3 1 y x =
Cau 38 :
1) Ve o th ham so:
2 2 2 2
( 1) 4 y x x x x = + + +

2 2 2
2 2
2
( 1)
1
x-1 neu x -1 x 1
-2x +x+1 neu -1 x 1
y x x x
y x x x
y

= + +
= + +
s v >
=
s s


2) Tm toa o giao iem cua cac tiep tuyen cua o th ham so:
1
3
x
y
x
+
=
vi truc hoanh
biet tiep tuyen vuong goc ng thang y = x + 2001.
Goi (d): y = x + 2001
( ) : y x b A = + la tiep tuyen (d)
( ) A Tiep xuc (C)
2
1
b (1)
3
4
-1 (2)
( 3)
x
x
x
x
+
= +

2
1
(2) ( 3) 4
5
x
x
x
=
=
=

Thay vao (1): 1 0 x b = =
5 8 x b = =
Vay phng trnh tiep tuyen la: y = -x hay y = -x + 8
Suy ra giao iem vi truc hoanh la O(0, 0), A(8, 0).
Cau 39 :
Cho ham so :
2 3 2
( 1) 2 ( 2) m x mx m m
y
x m
+ +
=
( )
m
C
1) Khao sat ham so a cho vi m = 0:

2
2 2 x
y x
x x
= =
- TX: { } \ 0 D R =

2
2
' 1 0, y x
x
= + >
Ham so ong bien tren tng khoang nh .
TC: x = 0 v
0
lim
x
y
=
TCX: y = x v
2
lim 0
x
x
=
- BBT:

- iem ac biet:

2, 0
1, 1
1, 1
x y
x y
x y
= =
= =
= =

- o th:

2) nh m e ham so ( )
m
C luon luon nghch bien tren cac khoang xac nh cua no.
Ta co:
2 3 2
( 1) 2 ( 2) m x mx m m
y
x m
+ +
=

2 3 2
2
( 1) 2 ( 1) 2
'
( )
m x m m x m m
y
x m
+ + + + +
=

Ham so nghch bien tren tng khoang xac nh.

2 3 2
2 2 3 2
' 0,
( 1) 2 ( 1) 2) 0,
1 0
' 0
1
( 1) ( 1)( 2) 0
y x m
m x m m x m m x m
m
m
m m m m m
s =
+ + + + + s =
+ <
A s
<
+ + + + s

1 1
2( 1) 0 1
m m
m m

< <

> >
( vo nghiem )
Vay khong co gia tr nao cua m e ham so luon nghch bien tren cac khoang xac nh
cua no.
Cau 40 :
1) Khao sat ham so:
2
5
2
x x
x
y
+
= (C)
- TX: { } \ 2 D R =

2
2
'
1
' 0
3
4 3
( 2)
y
x
y
x
x x
x
=
=
=

=

- Tiem can ng: x = 2 v
2
lim
x
=
Ta co:
1
3
2
y x
x
= + +

- Tiem can xien: y = x + 3 v
1
lim 0
2
x
x

- BBT:

- o th:

Cho
5
0
2
x y = =
2) Chng minh rang tch khoang cach t 1 iem M bat ky tren (C) en cac ng tiem
can la 1 hang so.
Goi
0 0 0 0
0
1
( , ) ( ) 3
2
M x y C y x
x
e = + +

TC: x 2 = 0
TCX: x y + 3 = 0
Ta co:
0 0 0
2 3
( , ). ( , ) .
1 2
x x y
d M TC d M TCX
+
=

0
0
1
2
1
2 .
2 2
x
x
= = = hang so
3) Tm tren moi nhanh cua (C) 1 iem sao cho khoang cach gia chung nho nhat:
Goi
1
(2 , 5 ) A a a
a
( a > 0) va
1
(2 , 5 ) B b b
b
+ + + (b > 0) la hai iem thuoc 2 nhanh cua
(C).
Ta co:
2 2 2
1 1
( ) ( ) AB b a b a
b a
= + + + + +

2
2 2
2
2
1 2 1 4
( ) ( ) 1 4 4 1 8 8
4 4
8 8 8 2 8 . 8 8 2
b a b a ab ab ab
ab ab ab a b
ab ab
ab ab
| | | |
= + + + + > + + + = + +
| |
\ . \ .
= + + > + = +

khi:
2 2
4 4
4
2 2(1 2)
min( ) 2 2(1 2)
4 1
8
2
1 1
2
2
AB
AB
a b a b
ab a b
ab
a b a b
> +
= +
= =

= =

= = = =

Vay:
4
4 4
1 1
2 , 5 2
2 2
A
| |

|
\ .

4
4 4
1 1
2 , 5 2
2 2
B
| |
+ + +
|
\ .

Cau 41:

2
x
y (C)
x 1
=

- TX: D = R\{1}

2
2
x 2x
y'
(x 1)
x 0
y' 0
x 2
=
=

=

- Tiem can ng:
x = 1 v
1
limy
x
=
Ta co:
1
y x 1
x 1
= + +

- Tiem can xien:
y = x + 1 v
1
lim 0
x 1 x
=

- BBT:

- o th:

2) Tm tren ng thang y = 4 tat ca cac iem ma t moi iem o co the ke ti
(C) 2 tiep tuyen lap vi nhau 1 goc 45
0
.
- Goi M(a, 4) e ng thang y = 4, ta co ng thang y = 4 la tiep tuyen ke t M
en (C) va song song Ox tiep tuyen th hai tao vi Ox 1 goc bang 45
0

He so goc tiep tuyen tai M
0
(x
0
, y
0
) e (C) la f(x
0
) = 1

2
0 0
0
2
0
2
0 0
0
2
0
0
2
0 0
0
0
0
x 2x
f'(x ) 1 =1 (vo nghiem)
(x 1)
x 2x
f'(x ) 1 = 1
(x 1)
2
x 1
2
2x 4x 1 0
2
x 1
2
3 2
y 2
2
3 2
y 2
2
= +
+ =
= +

Phng trnh tiep tuyen tai M
0
la:

0 0
1
2
y (x x ) y
y x 3 2 2 (d )
y x 3 2 2 (d )
= + +
= + +

= +

(d
1
) qua M(a, 4) 4 a 3 2 2 a 1 2 2 = + + = +
(d
2
) qua M(a, 4) 4 a 3 2 2 a 1 2 2 = + =
Vay co 2 iem M thoa ieu kien cua bai toan.

1 2
M ( 1 2 2, 4); M ( 1 2 2, 4) +
Cau42:
1) Khao sat ham so:
y=
3
3 x x (1)
TX: D = R
y=
2
3 3 x

1
1
y'=0
x
x
<=>
=
=
|
y=6x
y=0 x=0 =>y=0
=> iem uon O(0, 0)
BBT:

o th:

2) Chng minh rang khi m thay oi, ng thang y = m(x + 1) + 2 luon cat o th (1)
tai 1 iem co nh A:
* ng thang (d): y = m(x + 1) + 2 luon i qua iem co nh A(-1, 2).
Thay A(-1, 2) vao (1) thoa =>A e o th (1).
Vay: (d) luon cat o th (1) tai iem co nh A(-1, 2).
nh m e (d) cat o th (1) tai 3 iem A, B, C phan biet sao cho tiep tuyen tai B va
C vuong goc vi nhau.
Phng trnh hoanh o giao iem cua (d) va (C):

3
3 x x = m(x + 1) + 2
(x+1)(
2
x - x 2 - m) = 0
(d) cat (1) tai 3 iem phan biet.
1
2
2 0
(2)
x
x x m
=
=

(2) co 2 nghiem phan biet khac 1.
{
0
( 1) 0 g
A>
=

{
1 4(2 ) 0
0
m
m
+ + >
=

9
4
0
m
m
>
=

Khi o (2) co 2 nghiem
B
x ,
C
x => he so tiep tuyen tai B va C la: f(
B
x ), f(
C
x )
Tiep tuyen tai B va C vuong goc nhau f(
B
x ).f(
C
x ) = -1
(3
2
B
x -3)(3
2
C
x - 3) = -1
9
2
B
x
2
C
x - 9(
2
B
x +
2
C
x ) + 9 = -1
9
2
P -9(
2
S - 2P) +10 = 0
Ma:
1
2
b
S
a
P m
= =

=> 9
2
( 2 ) m - 9(1 + 4 + 2m) +10 = 0
=> 9
2
m +18m 9 = 0
=>
2
m +2m-1=0
1 2
1 2
m
m
= +
=
(loai)
So vi ieu kien: m > -
9
4
va m= -1+ 2 .

Cau43:
Cho ham so: y=
2 2
2
2
x x m
x
+ +
+

1) Tm gia tr cua m sao cho y >2 vi moi x= -2
Ta co: y >2 ys-2 v y>2

2 2
maxy 2 min 2
x x
y
< >
s v >
Ma: y=
2 2
2
4 4
( 2)
x x m
x
+ +
+

y= 0
2 2
4 4 0 x x m + + =
{
( 0)
1 2
2 2
m
x m
x m
=
=
= +

( 0)
'( )
1
2 2
'( )
1
'( )
2
2 2
'( )
2
m
u x
y m
C
v x
u x
y m
CT
v x
= =
= = +

Ta co:
max 2
2
min 2
2
y
x
y
x
s
<
s
>

2 2 2
2 2 2
m
m
s
+ >

0
2 2
m
m m
=
s v >
2 2 m m s v >
Vay: 2, 2 2 2 y x khi m m > = s v >
2) Khao sat ham so vi m = 1:
2
2 1 1
2 2
x x
y x
x x
+ +
= = +
+ +

- TX: D = R\{-2}
2
2
4 3
'
( 2)
x x
y
x
+ +
=
+

' 0
3
1
y
x
x
=
=

- Tiem can ng:
x = -2 v
2
lim
x
y
=
- Tiem can xien:
y = x v
1
lim 0
2
x
x
=
+

- BBT:

- o th:
Cho x=0, y =
1
2


Cau 44:
Cho ham so: y =
2
8
8( )
x x
x m
+
(1)
1) Khao sat va ve o th ham so (1) vi m = 1:
y=
2
8
8( 1)
x x
x
+

- TX: D = R\{-1}
y=
2
2
8 16 64
64( 1)
x x
x

+
=
2
2
2 8
8( 1)
x x
x
+
+

y= 0
4
2
x
x
=

- Tiem can ng:
x = -1 v
1
lim
x
y
=
- Ta co: y=
1
8
x -
9
8
+
9
8( 1) x +

- Tiem can xien:
y=
1
8
x-
9
8
v
9
lim 0
8( 1)
x
x
=
+

- BBT:

- o th:

2) Tm m sao cho ham so (1) ong bien tren [1, +)
Ta co:
2
8
(1)
8( )
x x
y
x m

D = R\{-m}

2 2
8 16 64 2 8
'
2 2
64( ) 8( )
x mx m x mx m
y
x m x m
+ +
= =
+ +

Ham so (1) ong bien tren [1, +) ' 0, [1; ) y x > e +

2
2 8 0, [1; ) x mx m x + > e +

{
2
' 0 8 0
1 0
1 1
m m
m
m m
A s + s
< s
< >

Hay
{
' 0
1
' 0
'(1) 0 0
1
6 1 2
1 0
2
af m
x x
S
A >
A >
> < s
< s

<

S:
1
1
6
m < s
Cau 45:
1) Khao sat ham so :

2
( 1) ( 2) y x x = + (C)

3
3 2 y x x =
- TX: D = R
2
' 3 3 y x =
y=0
1
1
x
x
=

y=6x
y= 0 x= 0 x = 0 y= 2 iem uon I(0, -2)
- BBT:

- o th: Cho x = 2 , y =4
x = 2, y = 0

2) Xac nh k e ng thang ( A) qua M(2, 0) va co he so goc k cat o th ham so sau
tai 4 iem phan biet:

3
3 2
1
y x x = (
1
C )
Ta co:
( )
1
y f x =
ay la ham so chan nen o th (
1
C ) nhan Oy lam truc oi xng.
o th (
1
C ) suy t ( C) nh sau:

- Phan cua (C) ben phai Oy gi nguyen, bo phan cua (C) ben trai Oy va lay phan oi
xng cua phan ben phai cua (C) qua Oy.
Xet ong thang ( )
1
d qua 2 iem M(2, 0) va I(0, -2)
He so goc
2
1
1
2
M I
M I
y y
k
x x
= = =

Xet ng thang
2
( ) d qua 2 iem M(2, 0) va A(-1, -4):
He so goc
2
4
3
M A
M A
y y
k
x x
= =

Neu ( ) A qua M va nam gia ( )
1
d va
2
( ) d th ( ) A cat
1
( ) C tai 4 iem phan biet.
4
1
3
k < <
Cau 46:

3 1
3
x
y
x
+
=
(1)
- TX: D = R \{3}

2
10
' 0
( 3)
y
x
= <

Ham so giam tren tng khoang xac nh .
- Tiem can ng :
x = 3 v
3
lim
x
y
=
- TCN:
y = 3 v lim 3
x
y
=
- BBT:

- iem ac biet:

2) Tm ham so ma o th cua no oi xng cua (C) qua ng thang x + y 3 = 0.
Goi I la giao iem cua hai ng tiem can cua (C) I(3, 3)
Goi (A) : x + y 3 = 0
Ta co: I va O oi xng qua (A).
oi truc bang tnh tien theo vect (3,3) OI =

3
3
x X
y Y
= +
= +

Thay vao phng trnh cua (C):

3 10 10
3
X
Y Y
X X
+
+ = =

Ta co:
TC cua (C) oi xng qua (A) la truc Ox.
TCN cua (C) oi xng qua (A) la truc Oy.
Hai ng tiem can cua (C
1
) oi xng cua (C) qua (A) la 2 truc Ox, Oy nen phng
trnh cua (C
1
) la :

10
y
x
=
3) C(a,b) la 1 iem tuy y tren (C). Tiep tuyen tai C cat 2 ng tiem can tai A va B.
Chng minh rang C la trung iem cua AB va dien tch IAB A khong oi.
Ta co oi vi he truc mi:

'
2
10 10
Y= (C) Y = -
X X

10
( , ) C a b C b
a
e =
Tiep tuyen tai C co phng trnh:

2
2
2
10
'( )( ) ' ( )
10 10 10
10 20
a
a
a
Y f X X X Y Y X a b
c c c
Y X
a a
Y X
a
= + = +
= + +
= +

Tiep tuyen cat TC tai A
20
0 , A
a

Tiep tuyen cat TCN tai B
C la trung iem AB
(2 , 0)
2
10
2
B a
X X
A B
a X
C
Y Y
A B
Y
C
a
+
= =
+
= =

Mat khac:

1 1 20
. 2 . 20
2 2
S X Y a
B IAB A
a
= = = (vdt)
Vay: C la trung iem oan AB va S
IAB
= 20 (khong oi).

Cau 47:
Cho ham so: y = x
4
4x
2
+ m (C)
1) Khao sat ham so vi m = 3:
y = x
4
4x
2
+ 3
- TC: D = R
3 2
2
4 8 4 ( 2)
0
0
2
12 8
2 7
0
3 9
'
'
''
''
= =
=
=

=
=
= = =
y x x x x
x
y
x
y x
y x y

iem uon:
2 7 2 7
, , ,
3 9 3 9
| | | |
| |
| |
\ . \ .

- BBT:

- o th (hoc sinh hay t ve)
Cho
1
0
3
x
y
x
=
=

=

2) Gia s (C) cat Ox tai 4 iem phan biet. Xac nh m sao cho dien tch hnh phang gii
han bi (C) va truc Ox co dien tch pha tren va pha di Ox bang nhau.
(C) cat Ox tai 4 iem phan biet
4 2
4 0 (1) x x m + =
co 4 nghiem phan biet
2
4 0 (2) t t m + =
(vi
2
0 t x = > ) co 2 nghiem phan biet.

0 4 0
0 0 0 4
0 4 0
m
P m m
S
' A = >

> > < <

> >

Khi o, do tnh oi xng, theo e bai ta co : S
1
= S
2
.

0
( ) ( )
( ) (0) ( ) ( )
( ) (0)
a b
a
f x dx f x dx
F a F F b F a
F b F
=
= +
=

ma:
5 3
5 3
4 2
4
( )
5 3
4
0
5 3
4
0 ( 0) (1)
5 3
= +
+ =
+ = =
x x
F x mx
b b
mb
b b
m b

Ma iem
4 2
2 4
( , 0) ( ) 4 0 (2)
4
e + =
=
b C b b m
m b b

Thay vao (1)
4 2
2 4
2 4
2
4
4 0
5 3
8 4 10 40 100 20
0
3 5 3 3 9 9
+ =
= = = =
b b
b b
b b
b m

Vay
20
9
m =
CAU 48:
Cho ham so :
1
3 2
1
3
y x mx x m = + +
1) Khao sat va ve o th ham so ng vi m = 0

1
3
1 ( )
3
y x x C = +
- TX : D = R

2
' 1
1
' 0
1
'' 2
'' 0 0 1
y x
x
y
x
y x
y x y
=
=
=

=
=
= = =

iem uon I(0, 1)
- BBT:


- o th:
Cho
1
2 ,
3
x y = =

5
2 ,
3
x y = =

2) Tm tiep tuyen cua (C) co he so goc nho nhat
Ta co :
1
3
1
3
y x x = +

2
' 1
'' 2
y x
y x
=
=

BXD:

min ' 1 y
R
= tai x = 0, y = 1 I(0, 1)
Vay : He so goc cua tiep tuyen tai iem uon I la nho nhat.
Phng trnh tiep tuyen tai I la:

2
2
' 2 1
' 0 2 1 0 (1)
y x mx
y x mx
=
= =

2
' 1 0 , (1) m m A = + > co hai nghiem phan biet.
Ham luon luon co C, CT.
- Tm m sao cho khoang cach gia iem C va iem CT la nho nhat.
Goi M
1
(x
1
, y
1
) va M
2
(x
2
, y
2
) la iem C va CT cua o th, ta co:

2 2 2
1 2 2 1 2 1
(x x ) (y y ) M M = +
e tm y
1
, y
2
ta chia f(x) cho f (x) :

2
1 1 2 2
f '( ). ( 1) 1
3 3 3 3
y x x m m x m
| |
= + + +
|
\ .

V f (x
1
) = 0, f (x
2
) = 0

2
1
2
2
2 2 2 2 2
1 2 2 1 2 1
2 2 2
2 1
2 2
1
1
2 2
( 1) 1
3 3
2 2
( 1) 1
3 3
4
( ) ( 1 )( )
9
4
( ) ( 1) 1
9
2 ' 4
( 1) 1
9
y m x m
y m x m
M M x x m x x
x x m
m
a
= + + +
= + + +
= + +

= + +

| |
A
= + +
|
|

\ .

2
1 2
52
min
9
M M = khi m = 0

1 2
2 3
min
3
M M = khi m = 0
Cau 49 :
1. Khao sat va ve o th ham so :

3 2
6 9 y x x x = + (C)
- TX : D = R

2
' 3 12 9
1
' 0
3
" 6 12
y x x
x
y
x
y x
= +
=
=

=
=

" 0 2 2 y x y = = = iem uon (2,2)
- BBT :

- o th :

4 3 2 1 O X
Y
2
4
(C)

2.a.T o th (C) hay suy ra o th
1
( ) C cua ham so :

3
2
1
6 9 y x x x = +
Ta co :
3 2
1 1
6 9 ( ) y x x x y f x = + =
ay la ham so chan nen o th
1
( ) C nhan Oy lam truc oi xng

3 O
X
Y
4
-3
(D)

Do o o th
1
( ) C suy t (C) nh sau :
-Phan cua (C) ben phai truc Oy gi nguyen
-Bo phan cua (C) ben trai Oy va lay phan oi xng cua phan ben phai cua (C) qua truc
Oy.
b.Bien luan theo m so nghiem cua phng trnh :

3
2
3
2
6 9 3 0
6 9 3
x x x m
x x x m
+ + =
+ =

ay la phng trnh hoanh o giao iem cua
1
( ) C va ng thang d : y = 3 m . So
giao iem cua
1
( ) C va d la so nghiem cua phng trnh .
Bien luan :
3 0 3 m m < > :vo nghiem
3 0 3 m m = = : 3 nghiem
0 3 4 1 3 m m < < < < : 6 nghiem
3 4 1 m m = = : 4 nghiem
3 4 1 m m > < : 2 nghiem
Cau 50:
Cho ham so : y = (m + 2)x
3
+ 3x
2
+ mx 5
1) Vi gia tr nao cua m th ham so co C, CT:
Ta co: y = 3(m + 2)x
2
+ 6x + m
y = 0 3(m + 2)x
2
+ 6x + m = 0 (1)
Ham so co C, CT (1) co 2 nghiem phan biet

2
2 0 2
' 0 9 3 ( 2) 0
2
2
3 1
3 6 9 0
m m
m m
m
m
m
m m
+ = =

A > + >

= =

< <
+ >

Vay ham so co C, CT khi:
- 3 < m < 1 va m = -2
2) Khao sat ham so ng vi m = 0
y = 2x
3
+ 3x
2
5 (C)
- TX: D = R

2
' 6 6
0
' 0
1
'' 12 6
y x x
x
y
x
y x
= +
=
=

=
= +

1 9
'' 0
2 2
y x y = = = iem uon
1 9
,
2 2
| |

|
\ .

- BBT:

- o th :

Cho
1
, 4
2
x y = =

3
, 5
2
1, 0
x y
x y
= =
= =


3) Chng minh rang t iem A(1, -4) co 3 tiep tuyen vi o th (C) : ng thang (d) qua
A co he so goc k co phng trnh:
y = k(x - 1) 4
(d) tiep xuc vi (C)
3 2
2
2 3 5 ( 1) 4 (1)
6 6 (2)
x x k x
x x k
+ =
+ =
co nghiem.
Thay (2) vao (1)

3 2 2
3 2 3 2 2
3 2
2
2 3 5 (6 6 )( 1) 4
2 3 5 6 6 6 6 4
4 3 6 1 0 (3)
1
( 1)(4 7 1) 0
7 33
8
x x x x x
x x x x x x
x x x
x
x x x
x
+ = +
+ = +
+ =
=
+ + =

(3) co 3 nghiem thay vao (2) 3 gia tr k
Vay : T A(1, -4) co 3 tiep tuyen vi o th (C)

CAU 51:
1) Cho ham so:
3 2
3( 1) 3 ( 2) 1 y x a x a a x = + +
a) Khao sat va ve o th ham so khi a=0

3 2
3 1 y x x = + +
D = R

( )
2
' 3 6 3 2
0
' 0
2
'' 6 6
'' 0 1 3
y x x x x
x
y
x
y x
y x y
= + = +
=
=

=
= +
= = =

iem uon (-1, 3)
- BBT:

- o th:
Cho

1 5
3 1
x y
x y
= =
= =

b) Vi gia tr nao cua a th ham so on bien vi 1 2 x s s
Ta co:

( ) ( )
( ) ( )
3 2
3 1 3 2 1
2
' 3 6 1 3 2
y x a x a a x
y x a x a a
= + +
= +

Ham so ong bien vi 1 2 x s s
' 0 y > vi 1 2 x s s
( ) ( )
2
2 1 2 0 x a x a a + > vi : 2 1 1 2 x x s s v s s
BXD:

' 0 y > vi 2 1 1 2 x x s s v s s

1 2 1
1 1
a a
a a a
s v s
> v s e

Vay ham so ong bien trong 1 2 x s s vi moi ae
2) Tm m e o th
2
3 3
m
y x x
x
= + + co 3 iem cc tr.
Ta co: ' 2 3
2
m
y x
x
=
Ham so co 3 cc tr y= 0 co 3 nghiem phan biet.

3 2
2 3 0 x x m = co 3 nghiem phan biet.
Xet ham so ( )
3 2
2 3 g x x x m =

( )
( )
2
'( ) 6 6
0
' 0
1 1
c
g x x x
x y m
g x
x y m
CT
=
= =
=
= = +

g(x) = 0 co 3 nghiem phan biet . 0 y y
ct
<
c

( ) 1 0 1 0 m m m + < < <
Vay o th co 3 iem cc tr khi: -1 < m < 0
Chia f(x) cho f(x) ta c phng trnh ng cong cha 3 iem cc tr:
( )
1 3 3 3 3
' . .
2
2 4 4 2 4
m m
y f x x
x
x
| |
= + +
|
\ .

Toa o cac iem cc tr thoa he:

( )
( )
( )
2 3 1
' 0
2
3 3 3
. . 3 3 3
2 . . 2
4 2 4
2
4 2 4
m
x
f x
x
m m
y m m
y
x
x
x
x
=
=

= +

= +

Kh m ta co:

2
2 3 2 3
2
m m
x x x
x
x
= =
Thay vao (2) ta c :

( )
( )
3 3 3
2
2 3 2 3
4 2 4
y x x x = +

( )
2
3 6 3
2
3 1
y x x
y x
= +
=

Vay 3 iem cc tr tren ng cong co phng trnh:
( )
2
3 1 y x =
Cau 52:
2
x x 1 1
y x 2
x 1 x 1
+
= = + +

- TX : D = R\ {1}

2
2
x 2x
y'
(x 1)
x 0
y' 0
x 2
=
=

=

- Tiem can ng : x = 1 v
x 1
lim y
=
- Tiem can xien : y = x + 2 v
x
1
lim 0
x 1
=

- BBT:

- o Th:

2) Chng minh rang tch cac khoang cach t 1 iem bat k tren (C) ti hai tiem can cua
(C) la 1 so khong oi.
Goi M(a, b) e (C)
1
b = a + 2 +
a - 1

TC : x 1 = 0
TCX : y x 2 = 0
Ta co: d(M, TC). d(M, TCX) =
2
1
2
b a
a

1 1
1
2
2 1
a
a
= =
(khong oi)
Cau 53:
1) Khao sat ham so : y = 2x
3
+ 3x
2
12x 1 (C)
TX : D = R

2
y' 6x 6x 12
x 1
y' 0
x 2
y'' 12x 6
1 11
y'' 0 x y
2 2
= +
=
=

=
= +
= = =

iem uon
1 11
,
2 2
| |
|
\ .

BBT:

iem at biet:

7
x , y 8
2
5
x , y 19
2
= =
= =

2) Tm iem M thuoc (C) sao cho tiep tuyen cua (C) tai M i qua O. ng thang (d) i
qua O va co he so goc k co phng trnh:
y = kx
(d) tiep xuc (C)
3 2
2
2x 3x 12x 1 x (1)
6x 6x 12 (2)
k
k
+ =

+ =
co nghiem.
Thay (2) vao (1) :

3 2 2
3 2 3 2
3 2
2
2
2x 3x 12x 1 (6x 6x 12) x
2x 3x 12x 1 6x 6x 12
4x 3x 1 0
(x 1)(4x x 1) 0
x 1 y 12
4x x 1 0
x
+ = +
+ = +
+ + =
+ + =
= =

+ =

Vay toa o tiep iem M la: M(-1, 12).

Cau 54:
Cho ham so:
2
x ( 2) x 1
y
x 1
m m + + +
=
+

1) Khao sat va ve o th ham so khi m = 2:

2
x 3 4
y x 1 ( )
x 1 x 1
C
+
= = +
+ +

- TX: D = R\{-1}

2
2
x 2x 3
y'
(x 1)
x 1
y' 0
x 3
+
=
+
=
=

=

- Tiem can ng:
x = 1 v
1 x
lim y

=
- Tiem can xien:
y = x 1 v
x
4
lim 0
x 1
=
+

- BBT:

- o th:
Cho x = 0 , y = 3
x = 2 , y = 7
(vo
nghiem)

2) Tm m tren o th co 2 iem A, B sao cho :
5x
A
y
A
+ 3 = 0, 5x
B
y
B
+ 3 = 0
Ta co: A, B e (d) : 5x y + 3 = 0 y = 5x + 3
m
) va (d) :

2
2
2
x ( 2) x 1
5x 3
x 1
x ( 2) x 1 (5x 3)(x 1)
4x ( 10) x 2 0
m m
m m
m m
+ + +
= +
+
+ + + = + +
+ =

2 2
10 16(2 ) 4 68 0, ( ) m m m m m = + > A =
Vay (d) luon luon cat (C
m
) tai 2 iem A, B vi moi m.
- Tm m e 2 iem A, B oi xng vi nhau qua ng thang (d) : x + 5y + 9 = 0
Ta co: (d) (d).
Toa o trung iem I cua AB:

1
1 1
x x 10
x
2 8
5( 10) 5 26
y 5x 3 3
8 8
A B
m
m m
+
= =
= + = + =

A va B oi xng nhau qua (d) I e (d)

10 5(5 26)
9 0
8 8
68 34
26 68 0
26 13
m m
m m

+ + =
= = =

Vay :
34
13
m =
Cau 55:
1) Khao sat ham so: y = x
3
2x
2
+ x (C)
- TX : D = R

2
y' 3x 4x 1
x 1
y' 0
1
x
3
y'' 6x 4
= +
=
=

=
=

2 2
y'' 0 x y
3 27
= = = iem uon
2 2
,
3 27
| |
|
\ .

- BBT:

- iem ac biet:
Cho x = 0, y = 0

4 4
x , y
3 27
= =

2) Tm dien tch gii han bi (C) va ng thang y = 4x.
Phng trnh hoanh o giao iem :

3 2
3 2
2
x 2x x 4x
x 2x 3x 0
x(x 2x 3) 0
x 0
x 1
x 3
+ =
=
=
=

Dien tch hnh phang cho bi:

0 3
3 2 3 2
1 0
0 3
4 3 2 4 3 2
1 0
(x 2x x 4x) x (4x x 2x x) x
x 2x 3x x 2 x 3x
4 3 2 4 3 2
7 45 71
( )
12 4 6
S d d
dvdt

= + + +
| | | |
= + + +
| |
| |
\ . \ .
= + =

Cau 56:
Cho ham so :
2
2x 3x
y
2x 1
m +
=
+

a) Vi gia tr nao cua m th ham so nghch bien trong khoang
1
,
2
| |
+
|
\ .
.
Ta co :
2
2
4x 4x 3 2
y'
(2x 1)
m
=
+

Ham so nghch bien trong :
1 1
, y' 0, x ,
2 2
| | | |
+ s e +
| |
\ . \ .

2
1
4x 4x 3 2 0, x ,
2
' 0 4 4(3 2 ) 0
1
m
m
m
| |
s A e +
|
\ .
A s + s
>

b) Khao sat ham so khi m = 1

2
2x 3x 1
y
2x 1
+
=
+

- TX: D = R\
1
2

`
)

2
2
4x 4 x 5 1
y' 0, x
2
(2 x 1)

= < =
+

Ham so nghch bien trong tng khoang xac nh.
- Tiem can ng:

1
x
2
1
x v lim y
2

= =
Ta co:
2
y x 1
2 x 1
= +
+

- Tiem can xien :

x
2
y x 1 v lim 0
2x 1
= =
+

- BBT:

- iem at biet:

Cau 57:
Cho ham so y = mx
3
3mx
2
+ 2(m 1)x + 2
1) Tm nhng iem co nh ma moi ng cong cua ho tren eu i qua.
Ta co the viet : m(x
3
3x
2
+ 2x) + 2 2x y = 0 (1)
iem co nh A(x, y) thoa (1), m.

3 2 2
x 3x 2x 0 x(x 3x 2) 0
2 2x y 0 y 2x 2
x 0 , y 2
x 1 , y 0
x 2 , y 2

+ = + =

= = +

= =
= =
= =

Vay ho ng cong luon i qua 3 iem co nh :
A(0, 2), B(1, 0), C(2, - 2)
2) Chng to rang nhng iem co nh o thang hang. T o suy ra ho ng cong co 1
tam oi xng.
Toa o 3 iem A, B, C thoa phng trnh y = 2x + 2 nen 3 iem A, B, C thang hang v
A va C oi xng qua B nen ho ng cong co chung 1 tam oi xng la B(1, 0).
3) Khao sat va ve o th ham so ng vi m = 1:
y = x
3
3x
2
+ 2 (C)
- TX : D = R

2
y' 3x 6x
x 0
y' 0
x 2
y'' 6x 6
=
=
=

=
=

y'' 0 x 1 y 0 = = = iem uon (1, 0)
-BBT

- o th :
Cho x = 1 , y = 2
x = 3 , y = 2

4) Viet phng trnh tiep tuyen vi (C) tai iem uon va chng to rang trong cac tiep
tuyen cua (C) th tiep tuyen nay co he so goc nho nhat.
Ta co iem uon I(1, 0) phng trnh tiep tuyen cua (C) tai I:
y = f(1).(x 1) y = 3(x 1)
y = 3x + 3
Ta co he so goc cac tiep tuyen la:
y= 3x
2
6x
y = 6x 6
y= 0 x = 1
BX:

min y = 3 tai x = 1
Vay he so goc cua tiep tuyen tai iem uon I nho nhat.
5) Tnh dien tch hnh phang gii han bi (C) tiep tuyen tai iem uon va truc Oy.
Dien tch hnh phang la :

1
1
4 2
3 2 3
0
0
x 3x
S ( 3x 3) (x 3x 2) x x x
4 2
1
S
4
d
|

= + + = + +

\
=
(vdt)

Cau 58:
Cho ham so y = x
3
3mx
2
+ 3(m
2
1)x + 2
1) Khao sat va ve o th ham so khi m = 1
y = x
3
3x
2
+ 2
- TX: D = R

2
y' 3x 6x
x 0
y' 0
x 2
y'' 6x 6
=
=
=

=
=

y'' 0 x 1 y 0 = = = iem uon (1, 0)
- BBT:

- o Th:

2) Tm m e o th ham so a cho co iem C va iem CT ong thi cac iem C va
iem CT nam ve 2 pha oi vi truc tung.
Ta co: y = x
3
3mx
2
+3(m
2
1)x +2
y = 3x
2
6mx +3(m
2
1)
y= 0 x
2
2mx + m
2
1 = 0 (1)
Ham so co iem C va iem CT hai ben Oy
(1) co hai nghiem x
1
,

x
2
sao cho : x
1
< 0 < x
2

P < 0 m
2
1 < 0 1 < m < 1
Vay -1< m < 1.

Cau 59:

2
x 3
y (1)
x 1
+
=
+

- TXD: D = R \{1}

2
2
x 2x 3
y'
(x 1)
x 1
y' 0
x 3
+
=
+
=
=

=

- Tiem can ng:
x = -1 v
1
limy
x
=
Ta co:
4
y x 1
x 1
= +
+

- Tiem can xien:
y = x 1 v
4
lim 0
x 1 x
=
+

- BBT:

- o th
Cho x = 0 y = 3
x = -2 y = 7
- o th:

2) Viet phng trnh ng thang (d) i qua iem
2
M(2, )
5
sao cho (d) cat o th
ham so (1) tai hai iem A, B va M la trung iem AB.
ng thang (d) qua
2
M(2, )
5
va co he so goc k:

2
y (x 2)
5
k = +
Phng trnh hoanh o giao iem cua (1) va (d):

2
2 2
2
x 3 2
(x 2)
x 1 5
5(x 3)x 5 (x 2)(x 1) 2(x 1) x 0
5(1 ) x (5 2) x 10 13 0
k
k
k k k
+
= +
+
+ = + + + =
+ + + =

ng thang (d) cat o th (1) tai 2 iem A, B sao cho M la trung iem cua AB.

A B M
2
2
1 0
0
x x 2x
1
(5 2) 20(1 )(10 13) 0
2 5
4
5(1 )
1
1 6
4 20 (25) 0
5 5
6
5
k
k
k k k
k
k
k
k
k
=
A >
+ =
A = + >
| |
A = > =
|
\ .

Vay phng trnh ng thang (d) la:

6 2
y (x 2)
5 5
6
y x 2
5
= +
=

Cau 60:
Cho ham so:
2 2 2
y x 3x x m m = + +
1) Khao sat va ve o th ham so ng vi m = 0.

3 2
y x 3x =
- TXD: D = R
y = 3x
2
- 6x

x 0
y' 0
x 2
=
=

=

y= 6x 6
y= 0 x = 1 y = -2
iem uon I(1, -2)
- BBT:

- o th:

2) Tm m e ham so co cc ai, cc tieu va cac iem C va CT oi xng nhau
qua ng thang
1 5
y x
2 2
=
Ta co: y = x
3
- 3x
2
+ m
2
x + m
y'= 3x
2
- 6x + m
2

y'= 0 3x
2
- 6x + m
2
= 0 (1)
Ham so co cc ai, cc tieu (1) co hai nghiem phan biet.
A > 0 9 3m
2
> 0
3 m 3 < <
Goi M
1
(x
1
, y
1
), M
2
(x
2
, y
2
) la iem C, iem CT cua o th.
M
1
, M
2
oi xng qua (d):
1 5
y x
2 2
=

1 2
M M (d)
1 2
Trung iem I cua M M (d) e

- Chia f(x) cho f(x) ta c phng trnh ng thang M
1
M
2
:

2 2
1 1 2 1
y f'(x) x m 2 x m m
3 3 3 3
| | | |
= + + +
| |
\ . \ .

( )
2 2
1 2
2 1
M M : y m 2 x m m
3 3
| |
= + +
|
\ .

- Trung iem I cua M
1
M
2
la iem uon cua o th:
Ta co: y= 6x 6
y' = 0 x = 1 y = m
2
+ m 2 I(1, m
2
+ m 2)
Ta co:

2
1 2
2
2
2 1
m 2 . 1
M M
3 2
I (d)
1 5
m m 2
2 2
m 0
m 0
m 0
m 0 m 1
m m 0
| |
=
|

\ .

+ =
= =
=

= v =
+ =

So vi ieu kien: 3 m 3 < < nhan m = 0.
S: m = 0
Cau 61:

2
x x 1
y (C)
x 1
+ +
=

- TXD: D = R\{1}

2
2
x 2x 2
y' 0, x 1
(x 1)
+
= < =

Ham so giam trong tng khoang xac nh.
- Tiem can ng:
x = 1 v
1
lim y
x
=
Chia t cho mau:
1
y x
x 1
= +

- Tiem can xien:
Ta co: y = - x v
1
lim
x 1 x

- BBT:

- o th:


2) Chng minh rang ng thang y = m cat (C) tai 2 iem phan biet A, B. Xac
nh m e o dai oan AB ngan nhat.
Phng trnh hoanh o giao iem:

2
2
2
2 2
2
x x 1
m
x 1
x x 1 mx m
x (m 1) x m 1 0
(m 1) 4(m 1) m 2m 5
(m 1) 4 0, m
+ +
=
+ + =
+ =
A = + + = + +
= + + >

ng thang (d) cat (C) tai 2 iem phan biet A, B, m.
Ta co:

2 2 2 2
2 1 2 2 2 1
2 2
2 1 1 2
2 2
AB (x x ) (y y ) (x x ) 0
x x 2x x
S -2P-2P=S -4P
= + = +
= +
=

Ma:

b
m 1
a
c
m 1
a
S
P
= = +
= =

2 2 2
2 2
2
AB ( m 1) 4(m 1) m 2m 5
AB (m 1) 4
AB (m 1) 4
Min(AB) 2 khi m+1=0 m= -1
= + + + = + +
= + +
= + +
=

Cau 62:

2
x
y (C)
x 1
=

- TX: D = R\{1}

2
2
x 2x
y'
(x 1)
x 0
y' 0
x 2
=
=

=

- Tiem can ng:
x = 1 v
1
limy
x
=
Ta co:
1
y x 1
x 1
= + +

- Tiem can xien:
y = x + 1 v
1
lim 0
x 1 x
=

- BBT:

- o th:

2) Tm tren ng thang y = 4 tat ca cac iem ma t moi iem o co the ke ti
(C) 2 tiep tuyen lap vi nhau 1 goc 45
0
.
- Goi M(a, 4) e ng thang y = 4, ta co ng thang y = 4 la tiep tuyen ke t M
en (C) va song song Ox tiep tuyen th hai tao vi Ox 1 goc bang 45
0

He so goc tiep tuyen tai M
0
(x
0
, y
0
) e (C) la f(x
0
) = 1

2
0 0
0
2
0
2
0 0
0
2
0
0
2
0 0
0
0
0
x 2x
f'(x ) 1 =1 (vo nghiem)
(x 1)
x 2x
f'(x ) 1 = 1
(x 1)
2
x 1
2
2x 4x 1 0
2
x 1
2
3 2
y 2
2
3 2
y 2
2
= +
+ =
= +

Phng trnh tiep tuyen tai M
0
la:

0 0
1
2
y (x x ) y
y x 3 2 2 (d )
y x 3 2 2 (d )
= + +
= + +

= +

(d
1
) qua M(a, 4) 4 a 3 2 2 a 1 2 2 = + + = +
(d
2
) qua M(a, 4) 4 a 3 2 2 a 1 2 2 = + =
Vay co 2 iem M thoa ieu kien cua bai toan.

1 2
M ( 1 2 2, 4); M ( 1 2 2, 4) +
CAU 63:
Cho ham so
3 2
2 3( - 3) 11- 3 y x m x m = + + (
m
C )
1. Cho m=2. Tm phng trnh cac ng thang qua
9
( , 4)
12
A va tiep xuc vi (C
2
).
Vi m=2:
3 2
2 3 5 y x x = + (C
2
).
ng thang (d) qua A va co he so goc k:

19
( ) 4
12
y k x = +
(d) tiep xuc (C
2
)
19
3 2
2x 3 5 ( ) 4 (1)
12
2
6 6 (2)
x k x
x x k
+ = +

co nghiem.
Thay (2) vao (1):

19
3 2 2
2 3 5 (6 6 )( ) 4
12
3 2
8 25 19 2 0
2
( 1)(8 17 2) 0
1 0
2 12
1 21
8 32
x x x x x
x x x
x x x
x k
x k
x k
+ = +
+ =
+ =
= =
= =
= =

Vay phng trnh ng thang qua A va tiep xuc vi (C
2
) la:
y=4 hay y=12x - 15 hay
21 645
32 128
y x = +
2. Tm m e ham so co 2 cc tr.
Ta co:
3 2
2 3( 3) 11 3 y x m x m = + +

, 2
6 6( 3) y x m = +

, 2
0 6 6( 3) 0 y x m = + = (1)
0
(1)
3
x
x m
=

Ham so co 2 cc tr (1) co 2 nghiem phan biet
3 0 3 m m = = .
Tm m e 2 iem cc tr M
1
, M
2
va B(0, -1) thang hang.
e tm phng trnh ng thang qua 2 iem cc tr M
1
, M
2
ta chia f(x) cho
'
( ) f x :

1 3
' 2
( ) ( ) ( 3) 11 3
3 6
m
f x f x x m x m
| |
= + +
|
\ .

Suy ra phng trnh ng thang M
1
M
2
la:

2
( 3) 11 3 y m x m = +
M
1
, M
2
, B thang hang B e M
1
M
2

-1=11-3m m= 4
So vi ieu kien m= 3 nhan m= 4
S:m=4
Cau 64:
1) a. Khao sat va ve o th ham so: = +
3
1 2
3 3
y x x (C)
- TX: D = R
=
=
=

=
=
2
' 1
1
' 0
1
" 2
y x
x
y
x
y x

= = =
2
" 0 0
3
y x y iem uon
| |
|
\ .
2
0,
3

- BBT:

- o th:
Cho = = 2, 0 x y
= =
4
2,
3
x y

b. Tm iem tren (C) tai o tiep tuyen vuong goc vi ng thang
= +
1 2
3 3
y x (d)
Goi e
0 0 0
( , ) ( ) M x y C he so goc tiep tuyen tai
0
M la: =
2
0 0
'( ) 1 f x x
Tiep tuyen tai
0
M vuong goc (d) =
0
1
'( )
d
f x
k

= = =
= =
= =
2 2
0 0 0
0 0
0 0
1 3 4 2
4
2
3
2 0
x x x
x y
x y

Vay co 2 iem M:
0
( 2, 0) M va
1
4
(2, )
3
M
2) =
1
2 2
0
(1 ) . I x x dx

= + + =
= + + +
= + +
= + +
1
2 4 2 3
0
1
4 3 2
0
1
5 3
4 2
0
1 1 1 11
1 1
5 2 3 30
(1 2 2 2 )
( 2 2 1)
1
5 2 3
x x x x x dx
x x x x dx
x x
x x x

GIAI Bai Toan Lien Quan Kshs

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C c Ho Trng THPT Vnh Chn - T : Ton - L

Ham so giam tren tng khoang xac nh.

Ham so giam tren tng khoang xac nh

Khi o (1) co 2 nghiem la

ieu kien 2 tiep iem nam ve 2 pha

( thoa ieu kien

Ham so giam tren tng khoang xac nh.

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