Maiman 1960 first demonstrated after theoretical work by basov Prokhorov and townes 158nm down to 10microm of co2

laser(longest wavelength) Excimer ,ion, semiconductor diode , rare earth(nd,yb,ho,er 3+) or transition metal(Ti,Cr) ,ion doped solid state laser Laser oscillator setup cont.wave pulsed(micro nano pico{-12} femto{-15}) Collimated mhanje beam with low divergence and + intensive beams of narrow bandwidth coherent light (property of a wave having systematic phase relations between diff sections along or orthogonal to its propagation axis) + optical/electroptical components ==PHOTONICS(QUANTUM OPTICS ELECTRO OPTICS AND LINEAR NON LINEAR OPTICS ) LINEAR NON LINEAR OPTICS==if optical properties of matter charcteristically represented by RI(n) absorption coeff alpha depends only on wavelength==linear optics and if optical properties depend on wavelength + intensity it is nonlinear optics