CHD Notes

Ostium Primum ASD

Ostium secundum ASD

Patent Foramen Ovale (PFO)

VSD Membranous Muscular

Defect
VSD

Shunt
Left to Right

Chambers
LV hypertrophy RV enlarged PA enlarged

Complication1
Infective Endocarditis (IE)

Complication 2
Pulmonary hypertension (Eisenmengers syndrome) Pulmonary hypertension (Eisenmengers syndrome)

ASD

Left to Right

LA hypertrophy LV hypertrophy PA enlarged

Ost. 10 - IE Ost 20 no IE

PDA

Aorta to PA

PA enlarged

Infective Endocarditis

Pulmonary hypertension (Eisenmengers syndrome) Pulmonary hypertension (Eisenmengers syndrome)

Coarctation of the Aorta

No Shunt Different blood pressure R vs L or UL vs LL Hypertension Radio-radial or femoral delay

LA & LV hypertrophy PA enlarged Up to 85% of pts have bicuspid aortic valve

Infective Endocarditis (IE) At the aortic valve or at the Coarctation

Defect

Shunt
Right to left RV to Aorta Pressures in RV, LV and Aorta are the same

Chambers
RV & LV hypertrophy Aorta enlarged PA small

Complication1
Heart Failure

Complication 2
Systemic embolism Brain Abscess Infective endocarditis

Tetralogy of Fallot
1. Large VSD 2. Pulmonary / Infundibular Stenosis 3. Overriding of Aorta 4. RVH

TGA
(Transposition of the Great Arteries)

Transposition of outflow tract PDA VSD or ASD Necessary for survival

Total opposite structure of the heart RV bigger and thicker than LV

Heart Failure

Pulmonary atresia

No RV outflow Shunt is needed to transport blood into the Pulmonary Artery Eg. PDA, ASD or VSD

Heart Failure