Engineering Mechanics Lecture 3

5/10, Friday 4-5am

Tendency of Force to Rotate a Body

Two effects of force: 1) Move a body in the direction of its application 2) Rotate a body around an axis.

Moment Arm

M ! Fd

Tendency of the force to rotate a body Is proportional to F and d d: perpendicular distance from the axis to the line of force action

Right-Hand Rule

Moment in the direction of thumb

Fingers curl in the direction of the tendency to rotate

Sign of Moment (2D Convention)

Plus sign (+): counter clockwise Minus sign (-): clockwise

Many-Particle Interactions
For an N particles system, in equilibrium
F3 3 f32 f31 f13 F1 1 f12

f23

f21

F ! 0
i i

Many-Particle Interactions
For an N particles system, in equilibrium Newtons 1st law:

Fi  f ij ! 0
j {i

i ! 1, 2,L

ri v Fi  ri v f ij ! 0
j {i

r v F  r v f
i i i i i j {i

ij

!0

Can you prove:

r v f
i i j {i

ij

!0

Need Newtons 3rd law

Therefore:

r vF ! 0
i i i

Many-Particle System
For a N-particle system, in equilibrium

F ! 0
i i

resultant force ! 0

r vF
i i

!0

resultant moment (torque) ! 0