NETWORK DIAGRAM:

DATA TABLE:
FROM BUS 1 2 1 3 TO BUS 2 3 3 4 RESISTANCE(p. u) 0 0 0 0 REACTANCE(p.u ) 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.4

EX.NO: 1

DATE:

FORMATION OF BUS ADMITTANCE MATRIX (DIRECT INSPECTION METHOD) AIM:

To develop a MATLAB M-file program to form the bus admittance matrix Y of a power system.

SOFTWARE REQUIRED:
MATLAB (7.0.1)

THEORY:
Y-Bus matrix is often used in solving load flow problem. It has gained widespread application owing to its simplicity of data preparation & the ease with which the bus admittance matrix can be formed & modified for network changes of course, sparsity is one of the greatest advantage as it really reduces computer memory & time requirements. In short circuit analysis, the generator & transformer impedance must also be taken into account. In contingency analysis, the shunt element one neglected, while forming the Z-Bus matrix, which is used to compute the outage distribution factors. The impedance matrix is a full matrix & is most useful for short circuit analysis.

The admittance Y-11, Y-12 Y-1n are called the self admittance of the nodes & all the admittance are called the mutual admittances of the nodes.

FLOWCHART:

ALGORITHM:
Step1: Read the values of no of buses & the no of lines of the given system. Step2: Read the self-admittance of each bus & the mutual admittance between the buses. Step3: Calculate the diagonal element term called the bus driving point admittance, Y-ii which is the sum of admittance connected to bus i to j. Step4: The off-diagonal term called the transfer admittance, Y-ij which is the negative of the admittance connected from bus i to bus j. Step5: Check for the end of bus count & print the computed Y-Bus matrix. Step6: Stop the program & print the result.

PROGRAM:

%FORMATION OF BUS ADMITTANCE MATRIX (DIRECT INSPECTION METHOD) %REG NO: 10507122 nbus = 4; nline = 4; sbus = [1 2 1 3]; ebus = [2 3 3 4]; imp = [0+0.2i 0+0.1i 0+0.3i 0+0.4i]; lca = [0 0 0 0]; y =zeros(nbus,nbus); for i= 1:nline m=sbus(i); n=ebus(i); y(m,m)=y(m,m)+(1/(imp(i)))+lca(i); y(n,n)=y(n,n)+(1/(imp(i)))+lca(i); y(m,n)=-1/(imp(i)); y(n,m)=-1/(imp(i)); end y

MANUAL CALCULATION:
FROM BUS 1 2 1 3 TO BUS 2 3 3 4 R (p.u) 0 0 0 0 X (p.u) 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.4 Z Y

0+j0.2 0+j0.1 0+j0.3 0+j0.4

-j5 -j10 -j3.33 -j2.5

Y-11 = (-j5) + (-j3.33) = -j8.33 Y-12 = - (-j5) = j5 Y-13 = - (-j3.33) = j3.33 Y-14 = 0 Y-21 = Y-12 = j5 Y-22 = (-j5) + (-j10) = -j15 Y-23 = - (-j10) = j10 Y-24 = 0 Y-31 = - (-j3.33) = j3.33 Y-32 = - (-j10) = j10 Y-33 = (-j10) + (-j3.33) + (-j2.5) = -j15.83 Y-34 = - (-j2.5) = j2.5 Y-41 = Y-14 = 0 Y-42 = Y-24 = 0 Y-43 = Y-34 = j2.5 Y-44 = -j2.5 Y-Bus =

PROGRAM OUTPUT:

RESULT:
Thus, the Y-Bus is formed by Direct Inspection method practically & is verified using MATLAB program.