6.

0 Hasil ujikaji: Teorem Bernoulli

Data:

Jadual 1
Piezometer

0.020

0.060

0.080

0.100

0.120

0.140

0.185

keratan, 0.0280

0.0210

0.0140

0.0168

0.0196 0.0224 0.0280

3.464

1.539

2.217

3.017

Jarak dari inlet (m)

Diameter
D (m)

Luas

Keratan,

6.158

3.941

6.158

(x10-4 m2)

Pengiraan:
Contoh pertukaran unit bagi jarak dari inlet
1. 2 cm 100 = 0.02m
Langkah pengiraan luas keratan A bagi piezometer 1 7:
Diberi rumus, A= j2 = (d/2)2 = x 10-4 m2
1. A = (0.0280/2) 2 = 6.158

5. A = (0.0196/2) 2 = 3.017

2. A = (0.0210/2) 2 = 3.464

6. A = (0.0224/2) 2 = 3.941

3. A = (0.0140/2) 2 = 1.539

7. A = (0.0280/2) 2 = 6.158

4. A = (0.0168/2) 2 = 2.217
Jadual 2
Paras air dalam piezometer (m)
Isipadu air,
3

V(m )

Masa,

Kadaralir,

t(s)

Q= V/t

(m3/s)
1

0.004

19.09

2.095x10-4

0.279

0.260

0.118

0.186

0.217 0.234

0.248

0.004

16.00

2.500x10-4

0.356

0.341

0.205

0.274

0.306 0.324

0.339

Pengiraan:
Contoh pertukaran unit bagi paras air dalam piezometer
1. 27.9 cm 100 = 0.279 m

Pengiraan bagi kadaralir:

1. Kadaralir, Q= V/t = 0.004/19.09 = 2.095x10-4 m3/s
2. Kadaralir, Q= V/t = 0.004/16.00 = 2.500x10-4 m3/s

7.0 Analisis Data

1. Lengkapkan jadual 3 dan 4 dengan maklumat berikut:
a. (1) Turus tekanan = paras air dalam piezometer dari jadual 2.
b. (2) Halaju = Kadaralir/Luas keratan

v=Q

dari jadual 2

dari jadual 1

Penyelesaian:
Jadual 3
(Kadaralir = 2.095x10-4 m3/s)
Piezometer
1

Turus Tekanan,

0.279

0.260

0.118

0.186

0.217

0.234

0.248

0.340

0.605

1.361

0.945

0.694

0.532

0.340

0.006

0.019

0.094

0.046

0.025

0.014

0.006

0.285

0.279

0.212

0.232

0.242

0.248

0.254

h (m)
2

Halaju,
v (m/s)

Turus kinetik,
v2/2g (m)

Jumlah turus,
2

h + v /2g (m)

Pengiraan:
a) Halaju, v = Q/A = m/s
1. v = 2.095x10-4/6.158 x 10-4 = 0.340

5. v = 2.095x10-4/3.017 x 10-4 = 0.694

2. v = 2.095x10-4/3.464 x 10-4 = 0.605

6. v = 2.095x10-4/3.941 x 10-4 = 0.532

3. v = 2.095x10-4/1.539 x 10-4 = 1.361

7. v = 2.095x10-4/6.158 x 10-4 = 0.340

4. v = 2.095x10-4/2.217 x 10-4 = 0.945

b) Turus Kinetik, L = v2/2g = m
1. L = 0.3402/2(9.81) = 0.006

5. L = 0.6942/2(9.81) = 0.025

2. L = 0.6052/2(9.81) = 0.019

6. L = 0.5322/2(9.81) = 0.014

3. L = 1.3612/2(9.81) = 0.094

7. L = 0.3402/2(9.81) = 0.006

4. L = 0.9452/2(9.81) = 0.046
c) Jumlah turus, J = h + v2/2g = m
1. J = 0.279 + 0.006 = 0.285

5. J = 0.217 + 0.025 = 0.242

2. J = 0.260 + 0.019 = 0.279

6. J = 0.234 + 0.014 = 0.248

3. J = 0.118 + 0.094 = 0.212

7. J = 0.248 + 0.006 = 0.254

4. J = 0.186 + 0.046 = 0.232

Jadual 4
(Kadaralir = 2.500x10-4 m3/s)
Piezometer
1

Turus

0.356

0.341

0.205

0.274

0.306

0.324

0.339

0.406

0.722

1.624

1.128

0.829

0.634

0.406

0.008

0.027

0.134

0.064

0.035

0.020

0.008

0.364

0.368

0.339

0.338

0.341

0.344

0.347

Tekanan, h (m)
2

Halaju,
v (m/s)

Turus kinetik,
v2/2g (m)

Jumlah turus,
h + v2/2g (m)

Pengiraan:
a) Halaju, v = Q/A = m/s
1. v = 2.500x10-4/6.158 x 10-4 = 0.406

5. v = 2.500x10-4/3.017 x 10-4 = 0.829

2. v = 2.500x10-4/3.464 x 10-4 = 0.722

6. v = 2.500x10-4/3.941 x 10-4 = 0.634

3. v = 2.500x10-4/1.539 x 10-4 = 1.624

7. v = 2.500x10-4/6.158 x 10-4 = 0.406

4. v = 2.500x10-4/2.217 x 10-4 = 1.128

b) Turus Kinetik, L = v2/2g = m
1. L = 0.4062/2(9.81) = 0.008

5. L = 0.8292/2(9.81) = 0.035

2. L = 0.7222/2(9.81) = 0.027

6. L = 0.6342/2(9.81) = 0.020

3. L = 1.6242/2(9.81) = 0.134

7. L = 0.4062/2(9.81) = 0.008

4. L = 1.1282/2(9.81) = 0.064
c) Jumlah turus, J = h + v2/2g = m
1. J = 0.356 + 0.008 = 0.364
2. J = 0.341 + 0.027 = 0.368
3. J = 0.205 + 0.134 = 0.339
4. J = 0.274 + 0.064 = 0.338
5. J = 0.306 + 0.035 = 0.341
6. J = 0.324 + 0.020 = 0.344
7. J = 0.339 + 0.008 = 0.347