Drop Column:

------------

select * from food

ALTER TABLE food DROP COLUMN Cutlet, SwetCorn

Execute Procedure useing output paramerter:

--------------------------------------------

drop proc testop

Create proc testop

@i_a int,
@i_b int,
@i_c int outPUT,
@i_d int outPUT
AS
Begin
PRINT @i_a
PRINT @i_b
Set @i_c = @i_a + @i_b
set @i_d = @i_c
--return @i_c
--return @i_d
end

Declare @i_a as int

Declare @i_b as int
Declare @i_c as int
Declare @i_d as int
SET @i_a = 1
SET @i_b = 3
EXEC testop @i_a, @i_b, @i_c OUT, @i_d OUT
SELECT @i_c
SELECT @i_d

Second highest salary:

----------------------

SELECT Distinct(a.salary)
From Salary A Where 2 =(
Select COUNT(distinct(Salary)) FROM salary b WHERE
a.salary <= b.salary )
Tables:
----------

Studernt Test Marks

StudID PK TestID PK MarkID PK

S-Name T-Name TestID FK
T-Date StudID FK
Marks

Select S-Name from student where studID in ( Select StudID from

marks where marks = ( Select max(Marks) from MArks ))

Note:
-----

• Strings should be in 'single quotes';

• We can use mathematical and string expressions as well as field
names and constants.
• We use AND to ensure that two or more conditions hold true.
• The word IN allows us to check if an item is in a list.
• The word LIKE permits pattern matching - % is the wildcard.
• BETWEEN allows range checking - note that it is inclusive.

Round():
--------

The function ROUND(x,p) will round the value x to p decimal places.

Eg:
ROUND(population/1000000,0)
select * from AT_Student
select * from AT_Student where S_Student_Name LIKE 'd%'

ORDER BY:
---------
select S_FatherName from AT_Student ORDER BY S_FatherName
select S_FatherName from AT_Student ORDER BY S_FatherName DESC

AND OR:
-------
select S_Student_Name from AT_Student where S_Student_Name = 'Prakash'
AND S_FatherName = 'Kumar'
select S_Student_Name from AT_Student where S_Student_Name = 'Prakash'
OR S_FatherName = 'Kumar'

IN:
---
select S_Student_Name,S_FatherName from AT_Student where S_Student_Name
IN ('Prakash', 'BALAMURUGAN')

BETWEEN AND:
------------
select S_Student_Name from AT_Student where S_DateofJoining BETWEEN
'1/1/2005' AND '12/31/2005'
select S_Student_Name from AT_Student where S_DateofJoining NOT BETWEEN
'1/1/2005' AND '12/31/2005'

AS (Column Alias):
------------------
select S_Student_Name AS Name , S_FatherName AS FtherName from
AT_Student

AS (Table Alias):
-----------------
select S_Student_Name, S_FatherName from AT_Student AS StudentDetails

select * from AT_Student

select * from AT_Student_Registration

Join:
-----
select AT_Student.S_Student_Name ,
AT_Student_Registration.SR_RegistrationYear from
AT_Student, AT_Student_Registration
where AT_Student.S_Student_ID =
AT_Student_Registration.SR_Student_ID

select AT_Student.S_Student_Name from AT_Student,

AT_Student_Registration
where AT_Student.S_Student_ID =
AT_Student_Registration.SR_Student_ID
AND SR_RegistrationYear = '2006'

INNER JOIN:
-----------
-- SELECT field1, field2, field3
-- FROM first_table
-- INNER JOIN second_table
-- ON first_table.keyfield = second_table.foreign_keyfield

select S_Student_Name, SR_RegistrationYear from AT_Student

INNER JOIN AT_Student_Registration
ON AT_Student.S_Student_ID =
AT_Student_Registration.SR_Student_ID

-- The INNER JOIN returns all rows from both tables where there is a
match.
-- If there are rows in Employees that do not have matches in Orders,
those rows will not be listed.
LEFT JOIN:
----------
-- SELECT field1, field2, field3
-- FROM first_table
-- LEFT JOIN second_table
-- ON first_table.keyfield = second_table.foreign_keyfield

select S_Student_Name, SR_RegistrationYear from AT_Student

LEFT JOIN AT_Student_Registration
ON AT_Student.S_Student_ID =
AT_Student_Registration.SR_Student_ID

-- The LEFT JOIN returns all the rows from the first table (Employees),
-- even if there are no matches in the second table (Orders).
-- If there are rows in Employees that do not have matches in Orders,
those rows also will be listed.

RIGHT JOIN:
-----------
-- SELECT field1, field2, field3
-- FROM first_table
-- RIGHT JOIN second_table
-- ON first_table.keyfield = second_table.foreign_keyfield

select S_Student_Name, SR_RegistrationYear from AT_Student

RIGHT JOIN AT_Student_Registration
ON AT_Student.S_Student_ID =
AT_Student_Registration.SR_Student_ID

-- The RIGHT JOIN returns all the rows from the second table (Orders),
-- even if there are no matches in the first table (Employees).
-- If there had been any rows in Orders that did not have matches in
Employees,
-- those rows also would have been listed.

UNION:
-----
-- The UNION command is used to select related information from two
tables,
-- much like the JOIN command. However,
-- when using the UNION command all selected columns need to be of the
same data type.
select S_Student_Name from AT_Student
UNION
select SR_Faculty_ADSID from AT_Student_Registration

select * from AT_Student

select * from AT_Student_Registration

Create a Table:
---------------
-- CREATE TABLE table_name(column_name1 data_type,column_name2
data_type,.......)
USE KUMS

CREATE TABLE Person (LastName varchar,FirstName varchar,Address

varchar,Age int)

CREATE TABLE PersonLength (LastName varchar(30),FirstName

varchar,Address varchar,Age int)

INDEX:
------
-- CREATE UNIQUE INDEX index_name ON table_name (column_name)
-- CREATE INDEX index_name ON table_name (column_name)

CREATE INDEX PersonIndex ON Person (LastName)

CREATE INDEX PersonIndex ON Person (LastName DESC)

CREATE INDEX PersonIndex ON Person (LastName, FirstName)

DROP :
-----

DROP INDEX table_name.index_name

DROP TABLE table_name
DROP DATABASE database_name

Truncate a Table:
----------------
-- What if we only want to get rid of the data inside a table, and
not the table itself?
-- Use the TRUNCATE TABLE command (deletes only the data inside the
table):

TRUNCATE TABLE table_name

ALTER TABLE:
------------
-- The ALTER TABLE statement is used to add or drop columns in an
existing table.

-- ALTER TABLE table_name ADD column_name datatype ALTER TABLE

table_name DROP COLUMN column_name
ALTER TABLE Person ADD City varchar(30)

ALTER TABLE Person DROP COLUMN Address

Built-in Aggregate functions:

-----------------------------
AVG(column), COUNT(column), COUNT(*), COUNT(DISTINCT column),
FIRST(column), LAST(column),
MAX(column), MIN(column), SUM(column)

-- SELECT column,SUM(column) FROM table GROUP BY column

Group by:
---------
-- SELECT Company,SUM(Amount) FROM Sales GROUP BY Company

HAVING:
-------
-- HAVING was added to SQL because the WHERE keyword could not be
used against
-- aggregate functions (like SUM), and without HAVING...
-- it would be impossible to test for result conditions.

-- SELECT column,SUM(column) FROM table GROUP BY column HAVING

SUM(column) condition value

-- SELECT Company,SUM(Amount) FROM Sales GROUP BY Company HAVING

SUM(Amount)>10000

The SELECT INTO Statement:

--------------------------
-- The SELECT INTO statement is most often used to create backup
copies of tables
-- or for archiving records.

-- SELECT column_name(s) INTO newtable [IN externaldatabase] FROM

source

VIEW:
-----

-- A view is a virtual table based on the result-set of a SELECT

statement.

-- CREATE VIEW view_name AS SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name

WHERE condition

select * from AT_Student

Display second row value:
-------------------------
select top 1 *
from
(
 SELECT TOP 7 * FROM AT_Student ORDER BY S_STUDENT_id
)z
ORDER BY S_STUDENT_id DESC

select max(S_Student_ID) from (select top 7 S_Student_ID from

AT_Student order by S_Student_ID)z

CurrentDate Retrieve:
---------------------

SELECT CONVERT(VARCHAR(10),GETDATE(),103) AS [Date]

SELECT GETDATE() as [Data & Time]

emp_hire_date datetime DEFAULT GETDATE()

drop table #DateValue

CREATE TABLE #DateValue
(
drpdwnDate DATETIME
)
DECLARE @i_DATE AS DATETIME
DECLARE @l_CurrentDATE AS VARCHAR(20)
DECLARE @l_FinalDateVal AS DATETIME
DECLARE @i_Index AS INT
SET @i_DATE = '06/30/2006'
SET @i_Index = 0
IF UPPER(DATENAME(dw, @i_DATE)) = 'MONDAY'
BEGIN
SET @l_CurrentDATE = CONVERT (VARCHAR(20), @i_DATE, 101)
END
ELSE
BEGIN
SET @l_CurrentDATE = CONVERT(VARCHAR(20), @i_DATE + (((7 - DATEPART(dw,
@i_DATE) + 2)) % 7), 101)
END
SET @l_FinalDateVal = CAST(@l_CurrentDATE AS DATETIME)

WHILE @i_Index < 8

BEGIN
 IF @i_Index <> 0
BEGIN
SET @l_FinalDateVal = DATEADD(dd, 7, @l_FinalDateVal )
END
INSERT INTO #DateValue (drpdwnDate) VALUES (@l_FinalDateVal)
SET @i_Index = @i_Index + 1
END
SELECT CONVERT(VARCHAR(10), drpdwnDate, 103) AS DateValue FROM
#DateValue