LIPID LOWERING DRUGS

I. HMG- CoA reductase inhibitors / Statins

• atorvastatin (Lipitor)
• simvastatin (Zocor)
• pravastatin

MOA: inhibits HMG- CoA reductase  inhib. Cholesterol synthesis  LDL

SE/ Adverse effects:

1. GIT upset
2. liver complications
3. rhabdomyolysis
4. cataract

CI: liver failure, pregnancy & lactation, allergy to fungal byproducts

II. Bile Acid sequestrants

• cholestyramine
• colestipol

MOA: binds bile acids in SI & promote increase disposal of cholesterol

SE:
1. CNS effects: HA, anxiety, drowsiness
2. GIT effects: nausea ,constipation, bloating & flatulence
3. increase bleeding
4. muscle aches & pains

III. Fibrates
• gemfibrozil
• clofibrate

MOA: decrease triglyceride & LDL synthesis  TG & LDL, HDL

SE:
1. same GIT effects
2. muscle aches & pains

IV. Nicotinic Acid / Vitamin B3 / Niacin

MOA:
1. inhib. release of fatty acids from adipose tissue
2. increase TG removal from plasma  TG & LDL, HDL

SE:
1. intense flushing, dizziness, fainting
2. GIT effects: nausea, abdominal pain