FOLATE (B9) COBALAMIN (B12) PANTOTHENIC ACID (B5) BIOTIN (B7) ASCORBIC ACID (Vit.

C)
Precursor Pteridine + PABA = PGA Anti – SCORBUTIC acid
Properties 1. “yellow crystalline” in PTERIN 1. red crystalline d/t presence of 1. white crystalline 1. Mono Carboxylic acid 1. white crystalline
(in butterflies) COBALT (Co3+) w/c is chelated in 2. bitter 2. sol. In H20 and R-OH 2. synth. Glu and Gal
2. FREE ACID;nsol. In COLD H20 “tetrapyrrole ring” 3. Dehydro-ascorbic acid (rev)
4. FOLIC ACID + NAD = THFA 4. Gulonic acid ( irrev)
Potent Form FORMYL THF and CYANO Cobalamin – most stable In reduced form
CITROVORUM FACTOR
- THFA + Carbon unit HYDROXY Cobalamin
Storage form METHYL THF In LIVER and KIDNEYS
Other forms FOLIC ACID ***
FOLACIN
PTEROYL MONOGLUTAMATE
Absorption Only MONOGLUTAMATES 1. HCl facilitate rel. from peptide bonds Inhibited by AVIDIN in
2. reqs: Castles IF – ILEUM raw eggwhites
Transportation Bound to serum proteins
Stable in/@ In DISODIUM SALT form In SOLUTION> DRY Heat DRY (oxidized in heat)
Food sources Supplemented!!! 1 mo before Found in most fods
pregnancy and 1st trimester
Functions A. CARRIER A. Normal fxn in metab of cells (GI, A. CONSTITUENT of CoA A. COENZYME A. Absp. of IRON (Fe3+ Fe2+)
1. single carbon formyl BM) 1. addition or B. Blocks degn of FERRITIN
2. hydroxymethyl B. Degredation of FA – part of removal of CO2 C. COENZYME and COFACTOR
3. methyl groups B. Nuclei Acid sythesis Acetyl CoA 2. synth. and (lose abndtake H+)
B. synth. of PURINES and 1. transfer of methyl groups oxidation of FA 1. Hyp and Hyl
PYRIMIDINES C. Accept acetate groups (AA 3. Deamination of AA 2. Phe  Tyr
C. Metab. Of AA (Met, His, Gly, C. Myelin Formation and Vitamins) (Ser, Asp and Thr) 3. Folacin  THFA
Ser) 4. 5-OH  Serotonin/NE/E
D. Synthesis of 5. Sterols
D. Form and Maturation of RBC and CHOLESTEROL, PL, steroids
WBC in Bone marrow and porphyrins D. Resistance to Infection
E. Carbon Carrier in fom’tn of heme E. Maintain Integrity of memb.
Deficiencies 1. MEGALOBLASTIC ANEMIA 1. PERNICIOUS ANEMIA No deficiencies 1. Scaly dermatitis SCURVY “follicular
2. Nausea and Vomiting hyperkertatosis” etc.
2. NEURAL TUBE DEFECTS 2. NEUROLOGIC Symptoms *unique 3. Anorexia HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA (hndout)