Chapter 15 terms genomic imprintingenetic phenomenon by which certain genes are expressed in a parent-of-origin-specific manner Genomic imprinting occurs

during
formation of gametes and results in the silencing of certain genes.Imprinted genes are not expressed.Because different genes are imprinted in Hemophiliasperm and ova, some genes in a zygote are maternally imprinted, and others are paternally imprinted.These maternal and paternal imprints are transmitted to all body cells during development. For a maternally imprinted gene, only the paternal allele is expressed.vice versa

chromosome theoryGenes occupy specific loci on chromosomes. Chromosomes undergo segregation during meiosis. Chromosomes undergo independent assortment during meiosis.

wild type- natural type of phenotype most Barr bodypopular mutant phenotype- traits that are alternatives to Nondisjunction- when the members of the wild type, because due to the assumption that homologous pair doesnt separate properly alleles formed from mutatiosn Aneuploidy- aberrant gametes unites with a sex-linked genes- genes located on a sex normal one at fertilization; abnormal chromosomes chromosome number genetic recombination- production of offspring with new combination of traits inherited from Monosomic- a crhomsome is missing 2n-1 parents Recombinants- new phenotypes different from Polyploidy- more than 2 complete both parents chromosome sets genetic map-ordered list of the genetic loci along a particular chromosome , Duplication- fragment piece that is lost attaches to another sister chromatid, repeating

fragile X syndrome monohybrid vs. dihybrid

linkage map- genetic map based on recombination frequencies Inversion- chromosome fragment that - Sturtevant created it: believed the greater the reattaches to the original chromosome but in distance, more likely to crossover bc more points the reverse orientation to Translocation-broken fragment joins a cytological mapnonhomolous chromosomes muscular dystrophy- sex linked disorder which affects one of ever 3500. Weakening of muscles Down syndrome-trisomic for chromosome 21 Linked genes- genes located on the same chromosome, usually inherited together bc chromosomes inherited as a group Deletion- chromosomal fragment lacking a centromere is lost during cell division