) (Unemployment )(Inflation

) (Fiscal Policy
.


.
.

.
(12.1:

.
) ( .
) (Unemployment Rate :

100

(12.1.1 :
:
-1 ):(Frictional Unemployment

.
-2 ):(Structural Unemployment
.


1

 .
.
-3 ):(Cyclical Unemployment


. .
-4 ):(Seasonal Unemployment
)
(
( . )
.
-5 ):(Disguised Unemployment



.
-6 ):(Behavioral Unemployment

.
-7 ):(Imported Unemployment

.
.
(12.1.2 :
.


.
2


.
.
(12.2:
.
) (Inflation Rate :

100

) (


.
(12.2.1 :
.
) (Moderate Inflation ) (Creeping Inflation
) (%10 .
) (Hyper Inflation
) (%10 .
(12.2.2 :
:
-1 ):(Demand-Pull Inflation
)(AS
) (AD .
3


.
-2 ):(Cost-Push Inflation

.
-3 :(0Imported Inflation


) (
.
-4 ):(Mixed Inflation
) (
) (AD
.
(12.2.3 :

)
( .

.

 (12.3 :

.
) (Stagflation
. )
(AD .
. ) (G
:
AD = C + I + G + Xn
) (AD AS ) (G
) ( .
) (T )(C
) .(S

.
(12.3.1 :
) (
:
-1 .
-2
.
-3 .
(12.3.2 :
).(AD>AS

.


) ( .

.
)
(.
:
) (Inflationary Gap
) (111.1.
. ) (

.
.

. ) (Contractionary Fiscal Policy
.

 ) .(AD<AS


) (Contractionary Gap ) .(11.1.2
) (
.
) .
(.

) (Expansionary Fiscal Policy

.


.
.

YFE
Y
C+I+G+Xn

AE

Y
(11.1.1)
YFE

AE

Y
C+I+G+Xn

Y
(11.1.2)