:

:


. .
. :
-

.

.
-


:
.1

level operational

.2

level knowledge

.3

management level

.4

strategic level

. :



:
.1 )( transaction processing
systems


.
2


track the
flow of the daily routine transactions that are necessary
..to conduct business
.2 office systems


calendars
.3 knowledge work systems



.
.4 decision-support systems


.
.5 .management information systems

.6 . executive support systems



.
: /
Transaction processing systems / TPS

:
. .Sales/marketing systems
:
.
order
information systems market research
systems sales commission
systems
. :Manufacturing/production systems
scheduling
purchasing shipping/receiving
engineering operations functions
. : machine control
systems purchase order systems
quality control systems
. :Finance/accounting systems

 budgeting
general ledger billing
.cost accounting functions :
accounts receivable/payable
systems funds management systems
general ledger systems
. Human resource systems
personnel records benefits
compensation labor relations
training payroll
.functions / systems
employee records benefit systems
systems compensation career
path systems
. . .
: admissions

course records ...Alumni.
:
Transaction processing systems basic activities

.

 .
Data
entry Transaction processing
Database maintenance
Document and report generation
Inquiry processing
.1 :Data entry

.
point-of-sale terminal
Optical scanning Bar
codes Credit card readers
.

.
.
.2 :Transaction processing
:
Batch processing
.
Real-time processing
Online processing



.3 :Database maintenance

.

.

.
.4 Document and report
:generation
Purchase orders
.Paychecks and sales receipts
Payroll register,
or edit reports
.5 : Inquiry processing

Database
management query languages
.

.

 :
Other types of Information systems
.1 Transaction processing
. systems
.2 Knowledge Work Systems/ KWS
: :Inputs Design specs
:Processing Modeling
:Outputs Designs graphics
:Users Technical
staff and professionals
: Engineering work station .3 )( Office Automation Systems
Paperless Office Redesign of work flow Integrated software Ergonomic design Bright, cheerful work space .4 Management Information Systems
: Inputs High volumedata
- :Processing Simple models

 :Outputs Summary reports :Users Middle managers : Annual budgeting

Structured and semi-structureddecisions
Report control orientation Past and present data Internal orientation Lengthy design process .5 Decision Support Systems/DSS
:
:
:
:



-


TPS MIS
external sources
current stock prices
product prices of competitors
.6 Excusive Support Systems/ESS
: aggregate data
: Interactive
: Projections
: : year operating plan-5

incorporate

MIS DSS

.
-

10

 :
Information systems serving each of the major
.functional areas of a business

:
.1 marketing information systems
Sales and marketing
:information systems
Customer relation
management Interactive marketing
.Sales force automation
:
.
help the firm identify customers for the organization's
.products and services
.
help develop, promote, sell,
and provide ongoing customer support for the firm's
.products and services
.
order processing

11

 pricing analysis market analysis

sales trend forecasting
Manufacturing and .2
production information systems
Production operations
:
.
provide information for planning, product development,
production or service scheduling
.

controlling the flow of products and services

.
machine
control, CAD, production planning, and facilities
.location
Human resources inf. systems .3
.
maintain employee records; track employee skills, job
performance
.

support planning for employee compensation, including

pensions and benefits, legal and regulatory requirements

12

 . training and development, career

pathing
. human resources planning
.4 Finance and accounting
information systems
. track the
organization's financial assets and fund flows
.
accounts
receivable, portfolio analysis, budgeting, and profit
.planning
:
Accounting Finance
:
Marketing Information Systems
and Interactive Marketing

.

.
.

13

 .

.


Interactive marketing
.
Sales force automation

.



.
:Interactive marketing


Two-way transaction
.


.

14



.
.

Chat and discussion groups
Web forms and questionnaires
.

.
:
Interrelations between systems

.
)(


.
.
.

) (22:

15

 : :
enterprise systems: benefits and challenges of
implementing

) ( :
Enterprise systems Enterprise
Resource Planning/ ERP
.
Enterprise software model and
automates many business process



Information can flow throughout the firm


:
:

16

 .1
: One organization
.2
)(

.3

.4


:

:
.1 .Difficult to build


.2
.3
.4

17

 .5
.6
.7
.8

) (23

:
supply chain management
:Enterprise applications Supply chain management
Collaborative commerce Industrial
networks Customer relation
management .
Supply chain management
supply
chain management
.


.

18


.


:



:
.
)(

& Collaborative commerce, Private industrial networks

Customer relationship management
:Collaborative commerce


.

19


.
.

.

.
:Private industrial networks
Interorganizational
business processes
Platform
.

Transorganizational business process
.
: .1

.2
.3

20


:Customer relationship management

.



.

:
Role of knowledge management systems in the
enterprise
.1 : Creating knowledge


.
.2 Discovering and codifying
knowledge Artificial intelligence
systems

21

 .
DDS

.3 Sharing knowledge


.4 : Distributing knowledge


.
:
Managers should pay attention to business processes
and integrate them

.
Business processes refer to the manner in which workis organized, coordinated, and focused to produce a
.valuable product to services
. .
Business processes are concrete workflows of material,-

22

information, and knowledge, and they also represent

unique ways in which organizations coordinate work,
information, and knowledge, and the ways in which
.management choose to coordinate work
Although each
of the major business functions has its own set of
business processes, many other business processes are
.cross-functional, such as fulfilling an order


Information systems-.
can help organizations achieve great efficiencies by
automating parts of these processes or by helping
organizations rethink and streamline these processes,
especially those for customer relationship management
.and supply chain management
.
Customer relationship management uses information

23

systems to coordinate all of the business processes

-.surrounding firms interactions with its customers
.


Supply chain management is the close linkage of
activities involved in buying, making, and moving a
product. Information systems make supply chain
management more efficient by helping companies
coordinate, schedule, and control procurement,
production, inventory management, and delivery of
.products and services to customers
:

the benefits of using inf. Systems to support supply
chain management and collaborated commerce
.1
.
Enterprise systems and industrial networks promise
efficiencies from better coordination of both internal

24

.and external business processes

.2


Enterprise systems can help create a uniform
organization in which everyone uses similar processes
and information, and measures their work in terms of
.organization-wide performance standards
.3
An enterprise system could
supply management with better data about business
.processes and overall organizational performance
)( .4

.


Enterprise systems feature a single information
technology platform where data definitions are
standardized across the organization. The coordination
of sales, production, finance, and logistics processes
provided by enterprise systems helps organizations

25

.respond rapidly to customer demands

. .5
.

.
The reality is that firm and industry-wide systems are
very difficult to implement successfully. They require
extensive organizational change, use complicated
technologies, and require large up-front costs for long.term benefits that are difficult to quantify in advance
.

.
Once implemented, enterprise systems are very difficult
to change. Management vision and foresight are
required to take a firm and industry wide view of
problems and to find solutions that realize strategic
.value from the investment
:
Types of Information Systems: specialization

26

 .
Marketing Information Systems/MkIS
Geographic Information Systems/GIS
Accounting Information Systems
Library Management
Systems/LMS Computer
Information Systems/GIS
.1 Marketing Information
Systems/MkIS


a set of methods and procedures for planning,
analyzing and presenting information necessary for
.marketing decisions
. sales activities



MkIS is but a structured approach for gathering,
processing and storing information needed by the

27

marketing manager for decision-making

.


.

.

.
.2 Geographic Information
Systems/GIS



.
GIS is a type of computer system made of hardware,
software, and data that allows the mapping of spatially
related layers that have a common geographic
.component

28


.

.
layering demographic
data
.




.





.
.3 Accounting Information
Systems/AIS

29


.



.



.



Accounting professionals should be
able to apply productivity improvement software, such
as spreadsheets and accounting-specific software, and
be able to interpret, integrate, and implement
.information technology


.
The Accounting Information Systems/AIS major joins

30

together the skill sets of tow areas experiencing rapid

growth and change, accounting and information
.technology
e. Commerce
direct business-to-business communication
paperless working
processes and many other
technology-intensive innovations
.

.


.
.4 Library Management Systems/LMS
:
. Library Information Science/LIS

. :

)(

31

 .

.
:
.1
.
.2

.3

.
.4

.5
.
.6
.7 /

.8

.9

32

 .10

.5 Computer Information
Systems/CIS



.
CIS


.

several mathematical
courses
probability theory, mathematical statistics, discrete
mathematics, decision science, algorithms and their
... practical uses, computer languages,COBOL

http://www.minshawi.com/other/gendelgy2.htm
33