Document

Railway reservation system
Introducti on
INTRODUCTION
To cope up with these day-to-day activities in Railway Reservation, the use of computer (in Railway Sector) is unavoidable. This project provides the facility to all users to reserve the seats. They can also update and delete the reservation, and also get the information of the status of the train. The Railway Reservation System aims at solving these day-to-day functions in reservation Sector: Reservation, Modification,
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Cancellation, Show All Transaction, etc.
SDLC Model
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SDLC MODEL
The System Development Life Cycle (SDLC),is a methodology that has been constructed to ensure that systems are designed and implemented in a methodical, logical and step-by-step approach. There are various software deveolpemt approaches defined and designed which are used/employed during development process of software, these approaches are also referred as Software Development Process Models. Each process model follows a particular life cycle in order to ensure successin process of software development.
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One such approach/process which we are using for this site is The waterfall Model. Waterfall approach was first Process Model to be introduced and followed widely in Software Engineering to ensure success of the project. In The Waterfall approach, the whole process of software development is divided into separate process phases. The phases in Waterfall model are: Requirment specifications phase, Software Design, Implementation and Testing & Maintenance. All these phases are cascaded to each other so that second phase is started as and when defined set of goals are achieved for Methods and processes undertaken in Waterfall Model are more visible.
The software process model used for the railway reservation system is the waterfall model.
Requirements/Analysis and Specifications Design
Implementation and unit testing
Integration and system testing Operation and maintainance
The waterfall model suggests a systematic, sequential approach to software development that begins at the system level and progresses through analysis, design,
coding, testing, and support. This model encompasses the following activities:
Software Requirement Analysis

The goal of this phase is understand the exact requirement of the customer and to document them properly. This phase produces a large documents, which contain a description of what the system will do without describing how it will done. The resultant document is known as SoftwareRequirement Specifications(SRS).
Design
The goal of the phase is to transform the requirement specifications into a structure i.e suitable for implementation in some programming language. This work is documented and known as software design description(SDD) document.
Implementation and unit testing

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The implementation or coding phase proceeds smoothly because all information neededby the software developers contained in the SDD. During testing,the major activities are centered around the examination and modification of the code.
Integration ande system testing

Effective testing will contributed the delivery of higher quality software products,most satisfied the users, lower maintainence cost and more accurate and reliable results. This is little chance to determine that the interface between modules is also correct and for this reason integration testing is performed.
Operation and maintenance

Software maintenance is a task that every development group has to face,when the software is delivered to the customer side,installed and is operational.
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Maintenance is a very broad activity that includes error correction, enhancement of capabilities deletion of absolute capabilities and optimization.
Reasons for choosing WATERFALL MODEL:

In this model, a detailed checking is done at each and every step by software quality assurance (SQA) group and also by the clients. That is why it involves less risk of rejection by clients. Good progress tracking due to clear development stages It is very easy to understand and implement. It is documentation driven, that is, documentation stage.
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is
produced
at
every
Testing is inherent to every phase of the waterfall model. So there is no need for a separate testing phase. Getting the requirements and design out of the way first also improves quality; it's much easier to catch and correct possible flaws at the design stage. Finally, the first two phases end in the production of a formal specification, the waterfall model can aid efficient knowledge transfer when team members are dispersed in different locations.
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There are some disadvantages of the waterfall model. 1)As it is very important to gather all possible requirements properly during the the Requirement not goes all on Gathering and Analysis phase in order to design system, requirements are received at once, the requirements from customer getting added to the list even after the end of Requirement Gathering and Analysis phase, this affects the system development process and its success in negative aspects. 2)The problems with one phase are never solved completely during that phase and in fact many problems regarding a particular phase arise after the phase is signed off, this result in badly structured system as not
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all the problem (related to a phase) are solved during the same phase. 3)The project is not partitioned in phases in flexible way. As the requirements of the customer goes on getting added to the list, not all the requirements are fulfilled, this results in development of almost unusable system. These requirements are then met in newer version of the system; this increases the cost of system development.
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System Analysi s
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SYSTEM ANALYSIS
What is System? The term system is derived from the Greek word systema, which means an organized relationship among functioning units or components. A system exists because it is designed to achieve one or more objectives. This means a system is an orderly grouping of interdependent components linked together according to a plan to achieve a specific objective. The study of systems concept has three basic implications: A system must be designed to achieve a predetermined objective. Interrelationship and interdependence must exits among components. The objectives of the organization as a whole have higher priority that the objectives of its subsystems.
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How we know these objectives of the system? From the analysis of users requirements and studying present system. First of all we have to analyze present system thoroughly and asking all the problems of the user. Then check the feasibility of the system. 2.1 Feasibility Study and Cost Benefit Analysis of the System: Feasibility Study: Feasibility study is done after preliminary investigation. The feasibility study means to check the feasibility of new system. There may be other alternative to the problems. Feasibility study is mainly three type eg. technical ,economic and operational feasibility. We have to check all conditions to the new system. From the analysis it is found that new system is feasible. Main points are as: Technical Feasibility: During this study, it is found that the institute has enough resource to implement new system. There
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is already exists a computer systems with suitable hardware and software in the concerned department. There is no problem of financial resources and budgets. Thus the new system is technically feasible. Economic Feasibility: Economic feasibility is the most important study that determines the cost and benefits of the proposed system and compares with the budget. The cost of the new system does not outweigh the budget. The cost of the project includes the cost of hardware, software, development and implementation. The new system also provides benefits that are expected from the proposed system and compare these with the costs expected to spend on development of the system. Benefits are found to be more than costs, thus it is decided to develop new system. The new system provides both tangible (e.g., increased productivity, low operating cost, etc.) and intangible benefits (e.g., improved organizational planning, improved asset utilization, etc.) in a formal
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way. Thus the new system is economical feasible. Operational Feasibility: It is found that the new system is both economic and technical feasible, the next step is to determine whether it is operationally feasible or not. During operational feasibility study, it is found that the system will operate in the way that user wants. There is enough human resources and there are qualified and experienced manpower available for development and implementation of the system. The new system is acceptable to the peoples and management. Thus the new system is also operational feasible. User involvement is more required in determining the operational feasibility. Cost Benefit Analysis: Since cost plays an important role in deciding the new system, it must be identified and estimated properly. Costs vary in types and consist of various distinct elements. Benefits are also of different
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type and can be grouped on the basis of advantages they provides to management. In estimating cost for the system, we considered several cost estimates which the concern will have to pay. Some cost factors are as: Hardware Cost: This cost relates to actual purchase of computer and peripherals. Organization already has computer system and other peripherals. Thus there is no need to by new system. Thus system is cost feasible. Personnel Cost: This cost include EDP staff salaries and benefits. In the organization there is already proper staff available. Thus there is no need to recruit additional staff. Thus new system is cost feasible. Facility Costs: These are expenses incurred in the preparation of the site where computers are to be installed. This includes wiring, flooring etc. since there is
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proper site so there is no need to prepare extra site. Supply Costs: These are variable costs which increase with increased use like the use of paper, disks, ink cartridges etc. since the system is fully automatic so it there is no problem of supply cost against the benefit. Benefits of a system include four types: Cost-saving Benefit: These benefits lead to reduction in administrative and operational costs. After implementation of new system there is no need to recruit extra staff. Even if extra person required to transfer information is not required because system is on Local network and Information can be accessed easily. So this system provides cost saving benefit over the administrative and operating cost. Cost-Avoidance Benefit: These benefits are those, which eliminate future administrating and operational costs. Since
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there is enough person to handle the new system, so there is no need to hire additional staff in future. Thus the new system provides cost avoidance benefit. Improved-Service-Level-benefit: These benefits are those where the performance of a system is improved by new system. Since there is manual system in the existing system, after implementation of new computer based system the performance of process will increases. Improved-information-Benefit: This is the benefit where computer based methods leads to better information for decisionmaking. This system generates reports automatically, thus processing speed increased. Now more volume of transaction can be handled easily. Thus from above discussion the new system is better choice over traditional manual system.
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2.2. System Planning The system planning process consists the following: Setting the project start date. Setting the project complete date. Selecting the methodology or project life cycle to be used. Determining the scope of the project in terms of the phase of the selecting project methodology or project life cycle. Identifying any pre determined interim milestone on other critical dates which must be met. Listing tasks, by project phase, in order in which they might be accomplished. Determining skill level perform each task. necessary to
Determining task dependencies o Which task can be done in parallel?
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o Which task requires the completion of other tasks before they can start? Performing project cost estimation and cost- benefit analysis.
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System analysis is a process of gathering and interpreting facts, diagnosing problems and the information on the solving users activity to recommend It is a the that requires improvements problem intensive system system.
communication and
between
system
developers.
System analysis or study is an important phase of any system development process. The system is studied to the minutest detail and analyzed. The system analyst plays the role of the interrogator and dwells deep into the working of the present system. The system is viewed as a whole and the input to the system are identified. The outputs from the organizations are traced to the various processes. System
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analysis
is
concerned with becoming aware of the problem, decisional synthesizing determining identifying variables, the an optimal the relevant factors at and and and a analyzing or
various
least
satisfactory solution or program of action. A detailed study of the process must be made by various techniques like interviews, questionnaires etc. The data collected by these sources must be scrutinized to arrive to a conclusion. The conclusion is an understanding of how the system functions. This system is called the existing system. Now the existing system is subjected to close study and problem areas are identified. The designer now functions as a
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problem solver and tries to sort out the difficulties that the enterprise faces. The solutions are given as proposals. The proposal is then weighed with the existing system analytically and the best one is selected. The proposal is presented to the user for an endorsement by the user. The proposal is reviewed on user request and suitable changes are made. This is loop that ends as soon as the user is satisfied with proposal. Preliminary study is the process of gathering and interpreting facts, using the information system. solving for further that
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studies is
on
the
Preliminary activity
study
problem intensive
requires
communication between the system users and system developers. It does various feasibility studies. In these studies a rough figure of the to system be activities for can be obtained, from which the decision about the strategies followed effective system study and analysis can be taken.
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Existing System In the existing system the exams are done only manually but in proposed system we have to computerize all the exams using this software. Lack of security of data. More man power. Time consuming. Consumes large volume of pare
work. Needs manual calculations. No direct role for the higher officials.
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Proposed System The aim of proposed system is to develop a system of improved facilities. The proposed system can overcome all the limitations system of the existing proper system. security The and provides
reduces the manual work.
Security of data. Ensure data accuracys. Proper control of the higher officials. Minimize manual data entry. Minimum time needed for the various Greater efficiency. Better service.
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processing.
User friendliness and interactive. Minimum time required. PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION
Its the first step in the system development life cycle to evaluate the feasibility of the system. It is The goal a of the preliminary nor the investigation is to appraise project requests. neither design study collection of details to explain the system in all regards. But it is the collection of information project that assists and the committee the members in making the appraisal of the requested determine feasibility of the proposed project as an informed judgment.
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Following
targets
are the
achieved concept
in
the and
process of preliminary investigation: Understanding objectives of the project requested. Optimum size of the project. Cost-benefits-analysis approaches. Evaluate the technical and operational feasibility of alternatives. Formation of report (Conclusion). Submission of report to management recommendation, acceptance and rejection of the project requested. of alternative
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Conducting the investigation Conducting the investigation means the collection of data by the analysts during the preliminary investigation through three primary techniques, these are as follows.
I.
Reviewing organization documents: According to this method, the analysts engaged in the investigation about first the acknowledge themselves
organization involved in, or affected by the project by examining organization charts and studying written operating procedures. For example, to review in Offline examination the links are proposal means with the knowing first how the works & also how connected
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databases.
In
this
way,
reviewing
organization document method proved useful in achieving the stated objectives.

II.
On-site observations: It is an another significant techniques to collect data for the purpose of investigation. As per this method, the analyst observe the activity of the system directly. One purpose of on-site observation is to get as chose as possible to the real system being studied. All that is highly significant in conducting the investigation in reference to the proposed project. Conducting Interviews: The above
III.
two techniques tell the analyst how the system operates but not provide enough details to have a decision to be made about the merits of
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a system proposal
and also the user views operations, For this,
about
current use
analyst
interviews to collect such details which tell about the nature of the project request and the reasons for submitting it. Interview whether technically. furnishes assistance the details is that further explain the project and show merited and economically, operationally
OBJECTIVE
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To design a database comprising of the required tables and to provide a Front End Application. To allow application. a valid user to use the
Provide interface to all the tables used in the application for modification, cancellation and reservation of ticket (Reservation of tickets, modification tickets, cancellation tickets By Authorized Person). Providing the reservation information and helping them to search reservation records.
1.1Problem analysis The system will make the management of reservation efficient. It will
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make easier for the user to maintain the reservation records in a systematic way. The information flows from one stage to other become easy and more accessible. The use of proper system will enable the user to quickly answer customers queries. And there will be no need of searching whole lot of registers for small information. Thus, it will make the processing of information faster. The system provides printed reports to the customer, thus accelerating the response time. The system ensures security of the customers record, so that no illegal modifications can be made to it.
1.2
Requirement Analysis
User Interface
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Here, our the user interface of the proposed system shall be VB forms containing Menu bars, Buttons, Keyboard Shortcuts, Check boxes, List boxes etc. according to the requirement. User can use Mouse to click the button or choose from the menu and Keyboard to enter the data.
Hardware Interfaces
This software product shall be run properly on IBM PC or any other PC the minimum hardware requirement for this software product shall be 64 MB RAM, 10 GB or more secondary memory, CD ROM for installation of this product. This software product shall use WINDOW 98 operating system for establish the interface between software and hardware. The interfaces provided by the Windows OS are sufficient. Oracle and VB also use same interfaces.
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Software Interfaces
We shall uses the following software to design this product : Microsoft VISUAL BASIC version 6.0 as programming language and as front end user interface. ORACLE version as a data base. WINDOW version 95/98 as an operating system.
MDAC (Microsoft Data Access Component) or ODBC (Open Data Base Connectivity) to create an inter face between Microsoft VB and product ORACLE. MDAC or ODBC is a S/W that acts as an interface between Oracle and VB forms. In case of Intranet/LAN workstations, where
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same data is shared among many users, global data area is used.
Communication Interfaces
Since our proposed system shall be netenabled so, communication interface is Required . Proposed system contains four sites working concurrently. In the proposed system, single database which is common to all four sites will be available on server and all sites will be attached to server actively. In case of intranetworking, Windows NT protocols are already in use. In case of mailing to developers for further query, Microsoft Outlook Express is by default used by the Windows OS.
1.3 Hardware and Software Requirement
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RAILWAY RESERVATION SYSTEM requires following resources for its optimal performance: Railway System works on systems having Windows as the Operating System. Railway System can work on any of the Windows Versions such as Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows 2000, and Windows NT etc. The Software used for developing our project named Railway reservation System is as follows: 1) Coding of the project Visual Basic 6.0 2) Components of the project Visual Basic 6.0 3) Maintenance and recording of data Oracle 4) Hardware required - Pentium 4 160 GB Hard disk 504 MB RAM
1.4
FEASIBILITY
STUDY
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Feasibility study
Operational feasibility
Economical feasibility
Technical feasibilty
1.4.1
OPERATIONAL FEASIBILITY
It is mainly related to human organizational and political aspects. The points to be considered are: What changes will be brought with the system? What organizational disturbed? structures are
What new skills will be required? Do the existing staff members have these skills?
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If not, can they be trained in due course of time?
Generally project will not be rejected simply because of operational in feasibility but such considerations are likely to critically affect the nature and scope of the eventual recommendations. For operational feasibility study we appointed a small group of people who are familiar with information system techniques, who understand the parts of the business that are relevant to the project and are skilled in system analysis and design process. 1.4.2 ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY
Economic analysis is the most frequently used technique for evaluating the effectiveness of a proposed system. More commonly known as cost / benefit analysis; in this procedure we determine the benefits and savings that are expected from a proposed system and compare them
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with costs. We found the benefits outweigh the costs; we take a decision to design and implement the new proposed system. It is very essential to ascertain the cost, which is to incur for developing the project, before starting the development of the project. If the benefit, which is to be accrued by developing the software, exceeds the cost to be incurred for developing the project by a fair amount of margin, then only the software should be developed. The process of cost and benefit analysis is not only limited prior to the time period of development of the project, but this process is a continuous process, and it keeps on going during the entire life cycle of the software. ANALYSIS OF COST The programmer has done the analysis of cost of the project named Railway Reservation System in a very effective manner. According to the programmer, the total cost involved in the development and
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implementation of the software at the client site would be around Rs. 40000. This is so, as the process is manual, a computer system is to be purchased to implement the project at the Organization. The computer system would cost around Rs.26000, the cost involved in the development of the project would be around Rs.5000, the cost involved in the purchase of software required for implementing the project would be around Rs.5000, and above all the cost of training the manager to use the software is around Rs.3000 as the manager is not familiar with computers. ANALYSIS OF BENEFIT As it is necessary to do cost analysis of the developed project, it is also very essential to do benefit analysis along with it. The programmer has done the analysis of the benefit arising from the use of the software named Railway Reservation system in a very effective way. 1.4.3 TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY
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This is concerned with specifying equipment and software that will successfully satisfy the user requirement. The technical needs of the system may vary considerably, but might include: The facility to produce outputs in a given time. Response time under certain conditions. Ability to process a certain volume of transaction at a particular speed. Facility to communicate data to distant location.
After examining technical feasibility, we give more importance to the configuration of the system than the actual make of hardware. The configuration gives the complete picture about the system's requirements: Twenty to thirty workstations
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are required; these units should be interconnected through LAN or Internet so that they could operate and communicate smoothly. They should have enough speeds of input and output to achieve a particular quality of printing.
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System Design
DESIGN
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Design Principles The design should be traceable to the analysis model. The design should minimize the intellectual distance between the software and the problem as it exists in the real world. The design should exhibit uniformity and integration. The design should be structured to accommodate change. The design should be structured to degrade gently, even when aberrant data, events, or operating conditions are encountered. The design is not coding, coding is not design.
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The design should be assessed for quality as it is being created, not after the fact. The design should be reviewed minimize conceptual errors. to
2.1 ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM
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ENTITY-RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM OF THE PROJECT

ADDRESS NAME TIC_NO ID
PH_NO.
PASSENGER
RESERVE TICKET
DESTINATION
TRAIN TRAIN_NO
TRAIN DATE
Explaining the ER diagram drawn before with respect to the above components.
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Data objects involved in our system: Passenger Train Attributes of each data object are:
Attributes of data object Passenger are:Id, name , address,Tic_no, & ph_ no. Attributes of data object Train are: Train_no,Traindate and destinction.
Relationship between data object are defined as follows:
Many passenger can request for reservation to a single user and occurrences of both are mandatory.
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A report is released corresponding to each result and occurrences of both are mandatory.
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2.2
DATA FLOW DIAGRAM
A Data Flow Diagram (DFD) is a diagram that describes the flow of data and the processes that change or transform data throughout a system. Its a structured analysis and design tool that can be used for flowcharting in place of, or in association with, information oriented and process oriented system flowcharts. When analysts prepare the Data Flow Diagram, they specify the user needs at a level of detail that virtually determines the information flow into and out of the system and the required data resources. This network is constructed by using a set of symbols that do not imply a physical implementation. The Data Flow Diagram reviews the current physical system, prepares input and output specification, specifies the implementation plan etc.
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Four basic symbols are used to construct data flow diagrams. They are symbols that represent data source, data flows, and data transformations and data storage. The points at which data are transformed are represented by enclosed figures, usually circles, which are called nodes. Data Flow Diagram Symbols:-
(1) Source or Destination of data (External Entities) :
External entities represents any entity that supplies or receives information from the system but is not a part of the system
(2) Data Flow
The data flow is used to describe the movement of chunks or packets of information from one part of the system to another part. Flows represents data in motion. 53
(3) Process
Process shows a part of the system that transforms inputs into outputs. That is, it shows how one or more inputs are changed into outputs.
(4) Storage
The data store is used to model a collection of data packets at rest. Any place accumulates is a data store.
CONTEXT LEVEL DATA FLOW DIAGRAM
VALID REQUEST
QUERY
ISSUE TICKET RAILWAY
PASSENGER
RESERVATION SYSTEM
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INVALID REJECT REQUEST
REQUEST
LEVEL-1 DATA FLOW DIAGRAM

PASSENGER
Interact with user (attendant)
Resultant data
Review and approva l DATA ENTRY & VERIFICA -TIONS Reports Approved result
ISSUE TICKET
TRAIN TIMETABL E
Train
Analyzed data Add passenge r detail Transactio n occur
Reserve
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2.3 DATABASE DESIGN
Table Name: TRAIN
Field Name
T_NO T_NAME ST_FROM ST_TO DEP_DT DEP_TIME FC_TOT BC_BK SC_TOT SC_BK AC_TOT AC_BK
Data Type
Number(4) Varchar2(20) Varchar2(20) Varchar2(20) Date Number(5,2) Number(3) Number(3) Number(3) Number(3) Number(3) Number(3)
This table contains the information of the train.
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Table Name: RESERVE

Field Name
T_NO TIC_NO NAME ST_FROM ST_TO J_DT CLASS
Data Type
Number(4) Number(5) Varchar2(20) Varchar2(12) Varchar2(12) Date Varchar2(15)
This table contain the information of the ticket reservation.
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2.3 USER INTERFACE DESIGN Railway System fulfills the following criteria: LOGIN SCREEN
This is login screen where you can enter password. When you enter password and click on enter then software validate your password, when your password is correct then software provide all facility of the software otherwise show error message and exit out form the software.
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SPLASH SCREEN
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MDIFORM
This is main screen, you can see the control screen. You can operate all function of the software only from here.
RESERVATION
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This is reservation screen from where you can take reservation of the railway where you want to go.
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QUERY
This is used for select the criteria
for query.
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REPORT
It shows the report about train information and reservation information.
SUCCESS
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It shows the reservation have been completed.
CANCEL
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It shows the reservation have been cancelled.
QUIT
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Coding
CODING
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The goal of coding or programming is to translate the design of the system produced during the design phase into code in a given programming language which can be executed by a computer and that performs the computation specified by the design for a given design the aim is to implement the design in a best possible manner.
During the implementation,it should be kept in mind that the programs should not be constructed so that they easy to write but so that they easy to read and understand.
LOGIN SCREEN
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Private Sub Command2_Click() End End Sub Private Sub lgn_Click() If pw.Text = "railway" Then Unload Me Load frmSplash frmSplash.Show Else MsgBox "Invalid password" End If End Sub SPLASH SCREEN
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Private Sub Timer1_Timer() I=I+1 If I > 3 Then Unload Me 'Load main MDIForm1.Show End If End Sub Private Sub Timer2_Timer() Label3.ForeColor = RGB(255, Label4.ForeColor = RGB(255, Label5.ForeColor = RGB(255, Label6.ForeColor = RGB(255, End Sub QUERY
255, 255, 255, 255,
255) 255) 255) 255)
* * * *
Rnd Rnd Rnd Rnd
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Public connect As New ADODB.Connection Dim RS As New ADODB.Recordset Dim rs1 As New ADODB.Recordset Dim comm As New ADODB.Command Private Sub COMFIELD_CLICK() Text1.Text = " " MSHFlexGrid1.Clear End Sub Private Sub Command1_Click() Select Case COMFIELD.Text Case "T_NO" If LIST1.Text = "TRAIN DETAILS" Then
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Set RS = connect.Execute("SELECT * FROM TRAIN WHERE T_NO='" & Text1.Text & "'") End If If LIST1.Text = "RESERVATION DETAILS" Then Set rs1 = connect.Execute("SELECT * FROM RESERVE WHERE T_NO='" & Text1.Text & "'") End If Case "T_NAME" Set RS = connect.Execute("SELECT * FROM TRAIN WHERE T_NAME='" & Text1.Text & "'") Case "DEP_DT" Set RS = connect.Execute("SELECT * FROM TRAIN WHERE DEP_DT='" & Text1.Text & "'") Case "TIC_NO" Set rs1 = connect.Execute("SELECT * FROM RESERVE WHERE TIC_NO='" & Text1.Text & "'") Case "CLASS" Set rs1 = connect.Execute("SELECT * FROM RESERVE WHERE CLASS='" & Text1.Text & "'") End Select If LIST1.Text = "TRAIN DETAILS" Then If RS.RecordCount = 0 Then MsgBox "NO RECORD FOUND"
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Else Set MSHFlexGrid1.Recordset = RS End If End If If LIST1.Text = "RESERVATION DETAILS" Then If rs1.RecordCount = 0 Then MsgBox "NO RECORD FOUND" Else Set MSHFlexGrid1.Recordset = rs1 End If End If End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() connect = "Provider=MSDAORA.1;Password=tiger;User ID=scott;Persist Security Info =True" connect.Open comm.ActiveConnection = connect connect.CursorLocation = adUseClient LIST1.AddItem "TRAIN DETAILS" LIST1.AddItem "RESERVATION DETAILS" RS.Open "SELECT * FROM TRAIN", connect, adOpenKeyset, adLockBatchOptimistic
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rs1.Open "SELECT * FROM RESERVE", connect, adOpenKeyset, adLockBatchOptimistic End Sub Private Sub Form_Unload(Cancel As Integer) connect.Close End Sub Private Sub List1_Click() COMFIELD.Clear Text1.Text = " " MSHFlexGrid1.Clear Dim numfield As Integer If LIST1.Text = "TRAIN DETAILS" Then Set RS = connect.Execute("SELECT T_NO,T_NAME,DEP_DT FROM TRAIN") numfield = RS.Fields.Count For I = 0 To numfield - 1 COMFIELD.AddItem RS.Fields(I).Name Next End If If LIST1.Text = "RESERVATION DETAILS" Then Set rs1 = connect.Execute("select T_NO,TIC_NO,CLASS from reserve")
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numfield = rs1.Fields.Count For I = 0 To numfield - 1 COMFIELD.AddItem rs1.Fields(I).Name Next End If End Sub Private Sub Text1_KeyUp(KeyCode As Integer, Shift As Integer) If KeyCode = 13 Then Command1.SetFocus Command1_Click End If End Sub
RESERVATION
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Public connect As New ADODB.Connection Dim RS As New ADODB.Recordset Dim rs1 As New ADODB.Recordset 'Dim rs2 As New ADODB.Recordset Dim comm As New ADODB.Command Dim ADDCHECK As Boolean ' BY DEFAULT FALSE Dim MODCHECK As Boolean Dim MCLASS As String Dim LCLASS As String Dim MTICNO As String Dim LTICNO As String Private Sub Datatno_Change()
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Set RS = connect.Execute("SELECT * FROM train where t_no=" & Datatno.Text) tname.Text = RS("t_name") tstfr.Text = RS("st_from") tstto.Text = RS("st_to") tdtdp.Text = Format(RS!dep_dt, "DD-MMMYYYY") tdptm.Text = RS("dep_time") pjdt.Text = tdtdp.Text If ADDCHECK = True Or MODCHECK = True Then pname.SetFocus End If End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() connect = "Provider=MSDAORA.1;Password=tiger;User ID=scott;Persist Security Info =True" connect.Open comm.ActiveConnection = connect connect.CursorLocation = adUseClient RS.Open "SELECT * FROM TRAIN", connect, adOpenKeyset, adLockBatchOptimistic With Datatno
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.ListField = "T_NO" Set .RowSource = RS If Not RS.EOF Then RS.MoveFirst .Text = RS("T_NO") End If End With rs1.Open "select * from reserve", connect, adOpenKeyset, adLockBatchOptimistic Datatno_Change End Sub Function ADDFUNCTION() BUTTONHANDLER ("00000110") ADDCHECK = True Datatno.Enabled = True pname.Enabled = True pclass.Enabled = True pticno.Enabled = True pname.Text = " " pticno.Text = " " pclac2.Value = False pclfc.Value = False pclsc.Value = False 'rs1.AddNew
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End Function Function SAVEFUNCTION() Set RS = connect.Execute("SELECT * FROM train where t_no=" & Datatno.Text) If pname.Text = " " Or _ (pclac2.Value = False And pclfc.Value = False And pclsc.Value = False) Or _ pticno.Text = " " Then MsgBox "FIELD CAN'T BE LEFT BLANK" BUTTONHANDLER ("00000110") Exit Function End If If ADDCHECK = True Then If pclac2.Value = True Then MCLASS = "AC2" ElseIf pclfc.Value = True Then MCLASS = "FC" ElseIf pclsc.Value = True Then MCLASS = "SC" End If connect.Execute ("INSERT INTO RESERVE VALUES('" & Datatno.Text & "' , '" & pticno.Text & "' , '" & pname.Text & "' , '" & tstfr.Text & "' , '"
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& tstto.Text & "' , '" & pjdt.Text & "' , '" & MCLASS & "')") If MCLASS = "AC2" Then connect.Execute ("UPDATE TRAIN SET AC2_TOT=AC2_TOT-1,AC2_BK=AC2_BK+1 WHERE T_NO=" & Datatno.Text) End If If MCLASS = "FC" Then connect.Execute ("UPDATE TRAIN SET FC_TOT=FC_TOT-1,FC_BK=FC_BK+1 WHERE T_NO=" & Datatno.Text) End If If MCLASS = "SC" Then connect.Execute ("UPDATE TRAIN SET SC_TOT=SC_TOT-1,SC_BK=SC_BK+1 WHERE T_NO=" & Datatno.Text) End If Success.show End If If MODCHECK = True Then If pclac2.Value = True Then MCLASS = "AC2" ElseIf pclfc.Value = True Then MCLASS = "FC"
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ElseIf pclsc.Value = True Then MCLASS = "SC" End If connect.Execute ("UPDATE RESERVE SET TIC_NO='" & pticno.Text & "' ,NAME='" & pname.Text & "' ,CLASS= '" & MCLASS & "' WHERE TIC_NO='" & LTICNO & "'") ' UPDATE TRAIN WITH THE OLD VALUES If LCLASS = "AC2" Then connect.Execute ("UPDATE TRAIN SET AC2_TOT=AC2_TOT+1,AC2_BK=AC2_BK-1 WHERE T_NO=" & Datatno.Text) End If If LCLASS = "FC" Then connect.Execute ("UPDATE TRAIN SET FC_TOT=FC_TOT+1,BC_BK=BC_BK-1 WHERE T_NO=" & Datatno.Text) End If If LCLASS = "SC" Then connect.Execute ("UPDATE TRAIN SET SC_TOT=SC_TOT+1,SC_BK=SC_BK-1 WHERE T_NO=" & Datatno.Text) End If ' UPDATE TRAIN WITH THE NEW VALUES
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If MCLASS = "AC2" Then connect.Execute ("UPDATE TRAIN SET AC2_TOT=AC2_TOT-1,AC2_BK=AC2_BK+1 WHERE T_NO=" & Datatno.Text) End If If MCLASS = "FC" Then connect.Execute ("UPDATE TRAIN SET FC_TOT=FC_TOT-1,BC_BK=BC_BK+1 WHERE T_NO=" & Datatno.Text) End If If MCLASS = "SC" Then connect.Execute ("UPDATE TRAIN SET SC_TOT=SC_TOT-1,SC_BK=SC_BK+1 WHERE T_NO=" & Datatno.Text) End If End If ADDCHECK = False MODCHECK = False Datatno.Enabled = False pname.Enabled = False pclass.Enabled = False pticno.Enabled = False pname.Text = " "
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pticno.Text = " " pclac2.Value = False pclfc.Value = False pclsc.Value = False BUTTONHANDLER ("11000001") End Function Function SRHFUNCTION() MTICNO = InputBox("ENTER TICKET NUMBER") Set rs1 = connect.Execute("SELECT * FROM RESERVE WHERE TIC_NO='" & MTICNO & "'") If rs1.RecordCount = 0 Then MsgBox "DATA NOT FOUND" BUTTONHANDLER ("11000001") Else Datatno.Text = rs1("T_NO") Datatno_Change pname.Text = rs1("NAME") pticno.Text = rs1("TIC_NO") LTICNO = rs1("TIC_NO") pjdt.Text = Format(rs1!J_DT, "DD-MMMYYYY") LCLASS = rs1("CLASS") If rs1("Class") = "AC2" Then
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pclac2.Value = True ElseIf rs1("CLASS") = "FC" Then pclfc.Value = True ElseIf rs1("CLASS") = "SC" Then pclsc.Value = True End If BUTTONHANDLER ("00111001") End If End Function Function CLRFUNCTION() pname.Text = " " pticno.Text = " " pclac2.Value = False pclfc.Value = False pclsc.Value = False BUTTONHANDLER ("11000001") End Function Function MODFUNCTION() MODCHECK = True pname.Enabled = True pclass.Enabled = True
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pticno.Enabled = True BUTTONHANDLER ("00000110") End Function Function DELFUNCTION() Set RS = connect.Execute("SELECT * FROM train where t_no=" & Datatno.Text) If pclac2.Value = True Then MCLASS = "AC2" ElseIf pclfc.Value = True Then MCLASS = "FC" ElseIf pclsc.Value = True Then MCLASS = "SC" End If connect.Execute ("DELETE FROM RESERVE WHERE TIC_NO='" & pticno.Text & "'") ' UPDATE TRAIN WITH THE OLD VALUES If LCLASS = "AC2" Then connect.Execute ("UPDATE TRAIN SET AC2_TOT=AC2_TOT+1,AC2_BK=AC2_BK-1 WHERE T_NO=" & Datatno.Text) End If If LCLASS = "FC" Then
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connect.Execute ("UPDATE TRAIN SET FC_TOT=FC_TOT+1,BC_BK=BC_BK-1 WHERE T_NO=" & Datatno.Text) End If If LCLASS = "SC" Then connect.Execute ("UPDATE TRAIN SET SC_TOT=SC_TOT+1,SC_BK=SC_BK-1 WHERE T_NO=" & Datatno.Text) End If CLRFUNCTION BUTTONHANDLER ("11000001") Cancel.show End Function Function CANFUNCTION() ADDCHECK = False MODCHECK = False Datatno.Enabled = False pname.Enabled = False pclass.Enabled = False pticno.Enabled = False pname.Text = " " pticno.Text = " " pclac2.Value = False pclfc.Value = False
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pclsc.Value = False BUTTONHANDLER ("11000001") End Function Private Sub Form_Unload(Cancel As Integer) connect.Close End Sub
REPORT
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Private Sub Form_Activate() Option1.Value = False Option2.Value = False End Sub Private Sub Option2_Click() If Option2.Value = True Then RESERVERPT.Show Else REPORT.Show End If End Sub Private Sub Option1_Click() If Option1.Value = True Then TRAINRPT.Show Else
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REPORT.Show End If End Sub MDIFORM
Private Sub MNUFEXIT_Click() End End Sub Private Sub MNUFQRY_Click() BUTTONHANDLER ("00000001") QUERY.Show End Sub Private Sub MNUFRES_Click() BUTTONHANDLER ("11000001") reserve.Show
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End Sub Private Sub MNUFRP_Click() BUTTONHANDLER ("00000001") REPORT.Show End Sub Private Sub Toolbar1_ButtonClick(ByVal Button As MSComctlLib.Button) Dim FRM As Variant On Error GoTo ERRHANDLER Set FRM = MDIForm1.ActiveForm Select Case Button.Key Case "ADDREC" FRM.ADDFUNCTION Case "SRHREC" FRM.SRHFUNCTION Case "CLRREC" FRM.CLRFUNCTION Case "MODREC" FRM.MODFUNCTION Case "DELREC" FRM.DELFUNCTION Case "SAVEREC"
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FRM.SAVEFUNCTION Case "CANREC" FRM.CANFUNCTION Case "CLSFRM" Unload FRM End Select ERRHANDLER: Exit Sub End Sub
CANCEL
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Private Sub CMDNO_Click() Unload Me MDIForm1.Show End Sub Private Sub CMDYES_Click() LOGIN.Show End Sub
SUCCESS
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Private Sub CMDNO_Click() Unload Me End Sub Private Sub CMDYES_Click() Unload Me LOGIN.Show End Sub
QUIT
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Private Sub CMDNO_Click() Unload Me Load MDIForm1 MDIForm1.Show End Sub Private Sub CMDYES_Click() End End Sub MODULE Dim SECONNECT As ADODB.Connection
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Dim STRCONNECTION As String Sub MAIN() STRCONNECTION = "Provider=MSDAORA.1;Password=TIGER;User ID=SCOTT;Persist Security Info=True" OPENDATA LOGIN.Show 'MDIForm1.Show 'Unload USER End Sub Function OPENDATA() On Error Resume Next CLOSEDATA SECONNECT.Open STRCONNECTION End Function Function CLOSEDATA() On Error Resume Next SECONNECT.Close End Function Function BUTTONHANDLER(BTNSTATE As String) Dim I As Integer For I = 1 To Len(BTNSTATE)
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If Mid(BTNSTATE, I, 1) = "1" Then MDIForm1.Toolbar1.Buttons(I).Enabled = True ElseIf Mid(BTNSTATE, I, 1) = "0" Then MDIForm1.Toolbar1.Buttons(I).Enabled = False End If Next End Function
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Testing
TESTING
Software testing is a critical element of software quality assurance and represents the ultimate review of specification, design, and code generation. Once source code has been generated, software must be tested to uncover as many tests as possible before delivery to the customer.
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These techniques provide systematic guidance for designing tests that exercise the internal logic of software components and exercise the input and output domains of the program to uncover errors in program function, behavior, and performance. Testing Objectives: The rules that objectives: can serve well as testing
Testing is a process of executing a program with the intent of finding an error. A good test case is one that has a high probability of finding an as-yet-undiscovered error.
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Testing Screen
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LOGIN SCREEN
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Railway reservation system Wrong password
RESERVATION
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Wrong ticket number
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Field left bank
QUERY
103
104
No record found
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Reservation details
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Reservation confirmed
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Reservation cancelled
Reports
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Report 1
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Report 2
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Report 3
CONCLUSION
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The project is developed keeping in mind the growing necessity of the RAILWAY RESERVATION SYSTEM. Railway reservation system is a useful product for managing the reservation within an organization. This project provides the facility to all users to do operations of the train. They can also update & delete the reservation, and also get the information of the status of reservation. The project provides the facility to add new customer. The user has the right to get any information about the reservation at any time without any permission of regarding department. Though this project the working department can enter the information of the new reservation, can update reservation & can also delete reservation as per the request of the user. So, the project has capabilities of improving from its present state. The project in future can
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be used as a base to develop a new project with more facilities added in it. We can also change this project so that it can work on different platform.
Future Scope and Limitations

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Scope of project
The main benefit of this project is that it facilitate user to communicate in a faster manner in comparison of manual system. Through this system the current status of the reservation can be known easily whereas in manual system it is a difficult task.
To provide quick service without any delay.
The future project can include the facility of web-application so that customer can access their reservation, pay bills and solve their queries online The future project can provide a back plan for functionality.
Limitation of the project

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Railway System may not work properly on Linux and Macintosh based Systems. Railway System requires its users to have prior knowledge of both computers and reservation procedure. There is no provision for waiting list, ID proof, photograph and Signature for verification purpose.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
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Software Engineering A Practitioners Approach By Roger S. Pressman Software Engineering By K. K. Aggarwal Yogesh Singh An Introduction to Database Systems By Elmasri Navathe Oracle PL/SQL By Ivan Bayross
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Railway reservation system

Railway reservation system

Railway reservation system

Cancellation, Show All Transaction, etc.

Railway reservation system

Railway reservation system

Railway reservation system

Implementation and unit testing

Integration and system testing Operation and maintainance

Railway reservation system

Software Requirement Analysis

Implementation and unit testing

Railway reservation system

Integration ande system testing

Operation and maintenance

Railway reservation system

Reasons for choosing WATERFALL MODEL:

Railway reservation system

Railway reservation system

Railway reservation system

Railway reservation system

Railway reservation system

Railway reservation system

Railway reservation system

Railway reservation system

Railway reservation system

Railway reservation system

Railway reservation system

Railway reservation system

Determining task dependencies o Which task can be done in parallel?

Railway reservation system

Railway reservation system

Railway reservation system

Railway reservation system

Railway reservation system

Railway reservation system

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reduces the manual work.

Railway reservation system

User friendliness and interactive. Minimum time required. PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION

Railway reservation system

Railway reservation system

Railway reservation system

organization document method proved useful in achieving the stated objectives.

Railway reservation system

and also the user views operations, For this,

Railway reservation system

Railway reservation system

Railway reservation system

Railway reservation system

Railway reservation system

1.3 Hardware and Software Requirement

Railway reservation system

Railway reservation system

Railway reservation system

If not, can they be trained in due course of time?

Railway reservation system

Railway reservation system

Railway reservation system

Railway reservation system

Railway reservation system

Railway reservation system

Railway reservation system