Chapter 5 Test Review 1. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 a. Both A & B 2. The Rehabilitation Act of 1973 e.

added handicapped people to the list of Americans protected from discrimination 3. The 1954 Supreme Court that extended protection against discrimination to Hispanic was a. Hernandez v. Texas 4. One consequence of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 was a. dramatic increase in the number of African Americans registered to vote 5. The Brown v. Board of Education decision overturned the Supreme Courts 1896 ruling in c. Plessy v. Ferguson 6. Most of the provisions in the Bill of Rights were applied to tribal governments in c. Title II of the Civil Rights Act of 1968 7. The case of Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenberg County Schools (1971) b. permitted judges to achieve racially balanced schools through busing 8. In Miller v. Johnson in 1995, the Supreme Court e. Both A and B 9. Betty Friedans book,_______________, published in 1963, encouraged many women to question traditional assumptions and to assert their rights. a. The Feminine Mystique 10. The ___________ banned gender discrimination in employment by law. a. Civil Rights Act of 1964 11. Which of the following is TRUE? c. The first female speaker of the House of Representatives was elected in 2007 12. The agency created by the 1964 Civil Rights Act and charged with monitoring and enforcing protections against job discrimination is the d. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) 13. In Strauder v. West Virginia (1880), the Supreme Court d. Both A and B 14. Today the equal protection clause is interpreted broadly enough to do all of the following EXCEPT a. permit sexual harassment 15. The Civil Rights Act of ____________, the most important law since the Emancipation Proclamation, made racial discrimination illegal in public accommodations throughout America b. 1964 16. Title IX of the Education Act of 1972 a. forbids gender discrimination in federal subsidized education programs, including athletics 17. The Thirteenth Amendment was passed b. at the end of the Civil War 18. Which of the following is TRUE? d. All of the above (Race, Affirmative Action, Supreme Court)

19. Which amendment to the U.S. Constitution extended suffrage to women? e. Nineteenth 20. In 1964, Congress prohibited federal aid to schools that remained segregated in the e. Civil Rights Act 21. Which of the fastest growing minority population in the United States? c. Asian Americans 22. Which of the following was a method used to discourage or prevent Blacks from voting? d. All of the above (white primaries, literacy tests, poll taxes)

23. The Supreme Court e. Both C and D 24. Jim Crow laws were those that a. were enacted by Southern Whites in the late nineteenth century to segregate African Americans from Whites 25. The first case in which the Supreme Court upheld a claim of gender discrimination was Reed v. Reed in ___________. c. 1971 26. Sexual harassment is prohibited by a. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 27. After Brown v. Board of Education (1954), school integration in the South c. proceeded very slowly 28. In ____________, the Supreme Court ruled that any arbitrary sex-based classification violated the equal protection clause. a. Reed v. Reed 29. The Thirteenth Amendment d. forbade slavery and involuntary servitude 30. Classifications based on gender have been ruled to be ____________ by the decisions of the Court in the past several years. e. somewhere between inherently suspect and reasonable 31. The Supreme Courts decision in Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenberg County Schools (1971) c. upheld, but did not require, the use of busing to achieve racially balanced schools 32. Which of the following is TRUE? (All-White primaries, President Truman, 15th Amendment) d. All of the above 33. Legal segregation of the races was declared unconstitutional in the 1954 landmark ruling known as e. None of the above 34. Hernandez v. Texas (1954) was significant in that e. A and B 35. The grandfather clause was ___________ by the Supreme Court in the 1915 decision, Guinn v. United States. b. found unconstitutional and outlawed 36. In the case of Regents of the University of California v. Bakke, the Court e. ruled that a public university could not set aside a quota of spots for particular groups 37. The grandfather clause was passed by Oklahoma and other southern states to b. deny African Americans the right to vote 38. The case Shaw v. Reno (1993) was significant in that e. Both A and D 39. In which case did the Supreme Court hold that a state university could not admit less qualified individuals solely on the basis of their race? b. Regents of the University of California v. Bakke 40. The legal doctrine that used to give men the legal advantage in securing custody of their children in case of divorce is called b. coverture 41. What law was designed to help end formal and informal barriers to suffrage for African Americans? b. Voting Rights Act of 1965 42. The courts have recently ruled that, under the Fourteenth Amendment, racial and ethnic classifications by states in regard to any matter a. are inherently suspect 43. When Proposition 209 was passed in California in 1996, it banned a. affirmative action in public hiring, contracting, and educational admissions. 44. Which amendment extended suffrage to African American men? e. Fifteenth 45. The womens rights movement was most famously launched with the signing of the d. Seneca Falls Declaration

46. Brown v. Board of Education d. All of the above 47. In Bush v. Hera (1996) and Shaw v. Hunt (1996) the Supreme Court d. ruled that convoluted majority-minority districts that abandon compact districts lines constitute unconstitutional racial gerrymandering. 48. Which of the following statements about civil rights and the scope of government is FALSE? a. Civil right laws tend to decrease the scope and power of government 49. The United States Supreme Court has handed down each of the following decisions concerning gender discrimination in employment and business activity EXCEPT b. requiring the federal government to give women equal pay for jobs of comparable worth. 50. Congressional districts that are intentionally drawn to give minority group voters a numerically majority are called a. majority-minority districts 51. The Supreme Courts 1986 ruling in Thornburg v. Gingles e. B and C 52. The Voting Rights Act of 1982 e. Both A and D 53. The Supreme Court uses a standard of ___________ in ruling on claims of gender discrimination. b. medium scrutiny 54. In Brown v. Board of Education (1954), the Supreme Court c. ruled that school segregation was inherently unequal 55. Which is responsible for enforcing the Voting Rights Act? e. The U.S. Justice Department 56. In Parents involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School District No. 1 (2007), the Supreme Court d. Both A and B 57. In Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857), Chief Justice Taney declared that e. Congress had no authority to ban slavery in the territories 58. The Dred Scott v. Sandford ruling was handed down by the Supreme Court e. a few years prior to the Civil War 59. The largest minority group in the United States is b. Hispanic Americans 60. Which Supreme Court Justice wrote the opinion for Brown v. Board of Education (1954)? c. Earl Warren 61. The ___________ Amendment outlawed slavery in the United States. c. Thirteenth 62. The term minority-majority is used to signify d. the fact that the U.S. is moving toward a situation in which minority groups will out number Caucasians and whites of European descent. 63. In its 1995 ruling in Adarand Constructors v. Pena, the Supreme Court d. changed direction and began to curtail federal use of affirmative action programs 64. De jure educational segregation occurs c. by law 65. In 1999, in Hunt v. Cromartie, the Supreme Court d. ruled that conscious consideration of race is not automatically unconstitutional if the motivation is political and not racial. 66. Alice Paul authored the Equal Rights Amendment, and unsuccessfully pushed for its passage beginning in the b. 1920s 67. Which of the following statements about Native Americans is FALSE? c. Native Americans were made citizens of the United States long before African Americans received the same status.

68. Which of the following statements about the immediate consequence of women receiving the right to vote is FALSE? e. The feminist movement gained steam immediately after the right to vote was secured 69. The Twenty-fourth Amendment, ratified in 1964, b. prohibited the use of poll taxes in federal elections 70. Equal Protection of the laws b. does not deny states treating classes of citizens differently if the classification is reasonable 71. The Equal Rights Amendment failed because c. it fell three states short of sufficient ratification 72. Which of the following is FALSE? e. The Voting Rights Act has had little effect on the number of African Americans elected to office. 73. The effect of Congresss 1982 amendments to the Voting Right Act was to c. Both A and B 74. The White primary d. excluded Blacks from primary elections, thus depriving them of a voice in the real electoral contests in the South. 75. State laws that restrict the right to vote to people over the age of 18 are an example of e. Both A and B 76. Comparable worth refers to the issue of e. paying men and women equivalent salaries for jobs requiring similar skills. 77. In Adarand Constructors v. Pena, the Supreme Court e. A, C, and D 78. In which case did the Supreme Court decide that a compelling interest for promoting diversity of campus existed? d. Grutter v. Bollinger 79. In Grutter v. Bollinger (2003), the Supreme Court e. Both A and C 80. In Faragher v. City of Boca Raton (1998), the Supreme Court held that b. employers are responsible for preventing and eliminating sexual harassment. 81. Which of the following is FALSE? b. Clinton Administration ended the ban on gays in the military 82. Which amendment reads, The right of citizens to vote shall not be abridged by the United States or by any state on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude? b. Fifteenth 83. What are the three levels of scrutiny used by the Supreme Court to discover whether discrimination is permissible? a. Reasonable, inherently suspect, and the intermediate standard. 84. Most of the provisions in the Bill of Rights were applied to tribal governments in b. Title II of the Civil Rights Act of 1968 85. The immediate reaction to Brown v. Board of Education (1954) was a. increased enrollment in private schools by Whites in the South and a threat to close public schools. 86. In which case did the U.S. Supreme Court uphold as constitutional the interment of more than 100, 000 Americans of Japanese descent in encampments during World War II? c. Korematsu v. United States 87. In its 1981 decision in Rostker v. Goldberg, the Supreme Court d. Both A and B 88. In Johnson v. DeGrandy (1994), the Supreme Court ruled that e. state legislature redistricting plans do not violate the Voting Rights Act if they do not create the greatest possible number of districts in which minority group voters make a majority. 89. In the case of Plessy v. Ferguson, e. the principle of separate but equal was used to justify segregation

90. Poll taxes for federal elections were outlawed in e. Twenty-fourth Amendment 91. In Strauder v. West Virginia (1880), the Supreme Court d. Both A and B 92. De facto educational segregation occurs e. by the reality of neighborhood schools located in areas that happen to be racially segregated.