Pressure

A measure of how much a force is spread out over an area The ratio of the force to the area on which it is applied. Pressure = applied force area

Pressure in Liquids
Liquids exert pressure due to distribution of their own weight.

 Water stream will start pouring out through the holes. This means that water is exerting pressure in all direction. In tin I, the water stream comes out evenly irrespective of the direction of the hole. This means that the pressure is equal at the same height or depth. In Tin II and III, the water stream coming out of the lowest hole reaches the farthest. This shows that the pressure exerted by liquid increases with depth. Also the pressure is acting perpendicular to the liquid surface. Since there is no difference between the streams coming out of tins II and III, the pressure exerted by liquid is independent of the size of the container, but depends only on the height or the depth of the liquid.

Behaviour of Liquid Pressure using Manometer

Units
Pascal (Pa)
- This is the S.I. unit, and equals a force of one Newton per square metre. - Named in honor of Blaise Pascal - A pressure of 1 N/m2 or 1 Pa describes a situation where force of 1 N is applied over an area of 1 m2.

Torr (named after Torricelli) - pressure produced by a column of mercury 1 mm high, 133.332 N/m2

 Pounds per square inch (psi) - used to be common in the U.K., but has now been supplanted in virtually every country other than the U.S. by the S.I. unit - 1psi= 6894.757 N/m2

Bar - widely used in industry, and is still often used to specify the pressure in compressed gas cylinders, so many gas regulators are calibrated in Bar. - One Bar is 100,000 Pa, and for most practical purposes can be approximated to one atmosphere (more precisely, 1 Bar = 0.9869 atm).