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8. 10. fzis: A 132. napon, naptvolban a Nap a 270 dlkrn delel. Step 10: Noon at 270. 1. Aphelion Naptvol 70 mill. km 11.

5. 5. fzis: 58 fldi nap utn ismt ugyanazok a csillagok delelnek a Merkrrl nzve, mint az 1. napon. A Merkr ezalatt egyszer fordult meg a tengelye krl, mgsem telt el egy merkri nap a bolyg felsznrl nzve. Step 5: After one rotation the same stars are in zenit as 58 days before.

1. fzis: brnkon ez a kiindul pont. A 0 hosszsgon most van dl. Step 1: It is noon at 0 longitude. 6.

12.

7. fzis: A 88. nap utn eltelt egy kerings. A Merkr ismt napkzelben van. A Nap most a 180 dlkrn delel. A 0 hosszsgon jfl van. Step 7: After 88 days one orbit it is noon at 180. At 0 it is midnight.

HORIZON

ME. BEFORE SUNRISE NAPKELTE ELTT

CYLLENE

S.PERS E

4. fzis: 44 nap eltelte utn a Nap a 90 dlkrn delel. A 0on most van napnyugta. Step 4: After 44 days it is noon at 90 longitude.

ME. HORIZON

90
TRICRENA
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The arrow s show the location of 0 longitude

3.

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A MERKR FLDTANI KORBEOSZTSA Kuiperi - fiatal krterek Mansuri - idsebb krterek Calorisi - Caloris-medence Tolsztoji - ids medenck Pre-Tolsztoji - legidsebb terletek

PHONES

Naptvol 0.47 Cs. E.

Napkzel 0.31 Cs. E.

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The "antipode" of Caloris is covered with a pattern of hills and valleys, apparently created when the seismic shock waves of the impact met up in a focus. A Caloris-medence ellenlbas pontjn (a bolyg tloldaln) sajtosan feltrdelt terlet tallhat, melyet a becsapds utn fkuszld fldrengshullmok alaktottak ilyenn. Mintha egy Csendes-cenba csapd kisbolyg Magyarorszg felsznt trdeln dirib-darabra. Ridged and grooved smooth plains inside Caloris basin similar to lunar mares with wrinkle ridges but without darker albedo. Intercrater plains that are unknown on the Moon, were probably formed as lava flows buried the older terrain. Caloris Montes to the right. A Caloris-medence barzdlt bazaltlvasksgai hasonlk a redgerincekkel teli holdtengerekhez, de ezek krnyezetkhz hasonl albedjak. A Holdrl ismeretlen krterkzi sksgok vagy mg nem krterezettek, vagy lva bortotta be az si terleteket. A kpen jobbra a Caloris-hegysg.

Caloris multi-ring impact basin (3,6 Gy old). A Caloris sokgyrs medence 3,6 millird ves.

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H-9 (SOLITUDO CRIOPHOI) 240 220 200

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The orbit of Mercury around the Sun A Merkr plyja a Nap krl

13. fzis: 176 nap utn ismt dl van a 0 dlkrn: eltelt egy merkri nap. Kzben a Merkr kt keringst vgzett a Nap krl s hromszor fordult meg tengelye krl. Ez a kerings s forgs 2:3 rezonancija. Step 13: After 176 Earth days it is noon again at 0: one mercurian day passed. During this period it had 2 orbits and 3 rotation. This is 2:3 resonance.

S. ADMETEI
S. H
RUM ORA

GA

A LLI

Visibility from Earth Lthatsg a Fldrl

S. A PHROD

GEOLOGIC UNITS OF MERCURY Kuiperian - young craters Mansurian - older craters Calorian - Caloris basin Tolstojan - old basins Pre-Tolstojan - oldest terrains

IT

PENTAS

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270
S.

180
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A felsznrl nzve a 0 vagy a 180 dlkrn mindig napkzelben delel a Nap, ezrt az egyenlt mentn tlagosan ezek a legforrb helyek a felsznen (forr plus, maximum +430C, pl. a Caloris [=forr]-medence krnykn). A 90 s 270 hosszsgi krk mentn mindig naptvolban van dl, azaz ezek a meleg plusok: az egyenelt mentn itt van a legkevsb meleg. A sarkvidkek a plyaskra merleges forgstengely miatt egsz vben egyenletesen hidegek, az llandan rnykos helyeken, krterek mlyn, a felszni por alatt akr rk jg s -170C is lehet. When Mercury is at perihelion (closest to Sun), Sun can be seen in Zenit (it is local noon) on 0 or 180 longitude. These places at Equator are the hottest places on Mercury (Hot Poles with max. 430C near Caloris Planitia). At 90 and 270 it is noon at aphelion, so these locations are not very hot. Since the titl of axixs is c. 0, at the poles there are crater floors that are permanently shadowed for millions of years. Here temperature can be as low as -170C.

A B T
Due to the acceleration that occurs at perihelion and the relatively slow rotational rate, from the surface of Mercury the sun appears to set and rise again. A napkzelsgben felgyorsul a bolyg keringsi sebessge, de forgsi sebessge a szoksos lass marad. Ezrt ltszlag a Nap lenyugszik, majd jra felkel.

C D
Radar map of Mercury showing the region thought to be a polar ice cap (A). B: North Giant Crater; C: Kuiper crater; D: South Giant Crater. A Merkr radarkpn jl lthat az szaki jgsapka ha valban arrl van sz. A tovbbi fnyes foltok: B: szaki ris krter, C: Kuiper krter, D: dli ris krter (B s C a lefnykpezetlen fltekn). (1991 Goldstone/VLA Radar)

Discovery Rupes: one of the network of "thrust faults" known as the "Mercurian Grid", formed as Mercury cooled and shrank a few kilometers in size. A Discovery-szakadk a merkri trshlzat egyik tagja. Valsznleg akkor alakult ki, amikor a bolyg lehlt s fellete tmrje pr km-nyivel sszehzdott.

Bach crater, a c. 200 km diameter ringed impact basin, filled with smooth plains, in the south polar area of Mercury. A Bach-krter, egy kb. 200 km tmrj gyrs becsapdsos medence, melyet bazaltlva tlttt fel simra.

Earth based (Arecibo) radar doppler image of a young rayed crater at 40S 345W. Fldi radar doppler kp egy fiatal sugrsvos krterrl a Merkr mg ismeretlen fltekrl, a 40D 345Ny koordintn. Az Arecibi rditvcs felvtele.

MAP OFMERCURY. CENTRAL EUROPEAN EDITION. LAMBERT TRANSVERSAL EQUIVALENT AZIMUTHAL PROJECTION 1:17 9000 000. MADE UNDER THE SUPPORT OF ICA COMMISSION ON PLANETARY CARTOGRAPHY AND BY THE COSMIC MATERIALS SPACE RESEARCH GROUP OF ETVS LORND UNIVERSITY, BUDAPEST, HUNGARY. PRINTED IN HUNGARY.