Definition and importance of manpower Planning: Planning is nothing but using the available assets for the effective

implementation of the production plans. After the preparing the plans, people are grouped together to achieve organizational objectives. Planning is concerned with coordinating, motivating and controlling of the various activities within the organization. Time required for acquiring the material, capital and machinery should be taken into account. Manager has to reasonably predict future events and plan out the production. The basic purpose of the management is to increase the production, so that the profit margin can be increased. Manager has to guess the future business and to take timely and correct decisions in respect of company objectives, policies and cost performances. The plans need to be supported by all the members of the organization. Planning is making a decision in advance what is to be done. It is the willpower of course of action to achieve the desired results. It is a kind of future picture where events are sketched. It can be defined as a mental process requiring the use of intellectual faculty, imagination, foresight and sound judgment. It involves problem solving and decision making. Management has to prepare for short term strategy and measure the achievements, while the long term plans are prepared to develop the better and new products, services, expansion to keep the interest of the owners. Advantages of manpower planning: Manpower planning ensures optimum use of available human resources. 1. It is useful both for organization and nation. 2. It generates facilities to educate people in the organization. 3. It brings about fast economic developments. 4. It boosts the geographical mobility of labor. 5. It provides smooth working even after expansion of the organization. 6. It opens possibility for workers for future promotions, thus providing incentive. 7. It creates healthy atmosphere of encouragement and motivation in the organization. 8. Training becomes effective. 9. It provides help for career development of the employees. Steps in Manpower planning 1. Predict manpower plans 2. Design job description and the job requirements 3. Find adequate sources of recruitment. 4. Give boost to youngsters by appointment to higher posts. 5. Best motivation for internal promotion. 6. Look after the expected losses due to retirement, transfer and other issues. 7. See for replacement due to accident, death, dismissals and promotion. Factors which affect the efficiency of labor: 1. Inheritance: Persons from good collection are bound to work professionally. The quality and rate of physical as well as mental development, which is dissimilar in case of different individuals is the result of genetic differences. 2. Climate: Climatic location has a definite effect on the efficiency of the workers. 3. Health of worker: workers physical condition plays a very important part in performing the work. Good health means the sound mind, in the sound body. 4. General and technical education: education provides a definite impact n the working ability and efficiency of the worker. 5. Personal qualities: persons with dissimilar personal qualities bound to have definite differences in their behaviour and methods of working. The personal qualities influence the quality of work. 6. Wages: proper wages guarantees certain reasons in standard of living, such as cheerfulness, discipline etc. and keep workers satisfy. This provides incentive to work.

7. Hours of work: long and tiring hours of work exercise have bad effect on the competence of the workers. Downsizing of manpower: Downsizing of manpower gives the correct picture about the number of people to be employed to complete given task in the predetermined period. It is used for achieving fundamental growth in the concern. It can work out the correct price by the resource building or capacity building. It aims at correct place, correct man on a correct job. Thus manpower planning is must to make the optimum utilization of the greatest resource available i.e. manpower for the success of any organization. Manpower management and planning forms the core of human resource management and deals with the human resources of an organization. It consists of the process of selection of appropriate individuals as employees based on their skills, making sure they are smoothly fitted into their assigned roles and the overall system, thus ensuring a smooth functioning of the organization. Besides selecting suitable employees, manpower planning also deals with the process of upgrading the existing employees. The human resources are the most valuable asset of any organization as they contribute to the realization of its business objectives. It is the human resources who contribute their time and expertise to the welfare of their organization. Thus, the process of manpower planning and staffing is crucial to the business development of an organization. Personnel management is closely linked to manpower planning and management. Manpower Planning Manpower planning is the first step towards manpower management. It refers to the process of using available assets for the implementation of the business plans. It also involves the process of coordinating and controlling various activities in the organization. An effective manpower planning requires a careful assessment of the future needs of the organization. It involves the development of strategies to match the requirement of employees and availability of positions at a regional as well as a national level. Those in charge of manpower planning need to have a foresight about the business plans. They need to plan the activities for achieving business growth. They are required to estimate the business needs of the organization and plan for the resources needed to realize the business goals. We can refer to manpower planning as the process of reviewing current resources, predicting future requirements and ensuring that the demand and supply of people and skills is balanced. Manpower planning is useful for both the employees as well as the organization. Manpower Staffing The selection of suitable candidates on the basis of their skill-set and requirements of the job is known as manpower staffing. A manpower-staffing consultant plays the critical role of analyzing the skills required by a particular position and weigh them against the skills and abilities of the candidates. He/she needs to read people to assess their potential and wisely choose deserving candidates. Getting dedicated and sincere employees is a difficult task that involves a careful study of the personnel, their work preferences and their fields of expertise. It is also necessary to check their educational and social background and assess their personalities in order to fill the positions with only the most deserving candidates. For determining the manpower needs, it is important to create work roles by grouping related work functions together. This helps the human resource managers in identifying the organizational subdivisions. Manpower planning and staffing involve the process of defining the position structures in the organization and preparing job profiles for the positions to be filled. Only

then it is possible to begin the actual recruitment process and select appropriate candidates for vacant positions. Manpower Management Manpower management is a strategic approach to the management of people working for an organization. At its core lies the management of people, better known as employee management. Training and managing the recruited employees is an important part of manpower management. Motivating the workers, helping them update their work knowledge and maintaining the attrition rate to a minimum, are some of the other objectives of manpower management. Human resource managers need to cater to safety of the employees. Absence of workplace safety, lack of motivation and an unhealthy work environment are some of the main factors that lead to dissatisfied employees. Satisfaction breeds productivity and this fact makes it necessary for the human resource managers to take all the required measures to ensure a positive environment at work. Manpower planning and staffing are critical to the welfare of an organization. Manpower management is a niche area today and considering the increasing importance of the valuable human resources in business, the field shall continue to grow