sNdnb Bcw-`

- f
- psS Znhkw

Cheriya Aarambhangalude Divasam

The Day of Small Beginnings (Malayalam)

Zac Poonen

{K-Im-hns tcJm-aq-e-amb A\p-hmZw IqSmsX

Cu ]pkvXIw ]p\ap-{ZWw sNp-hmt\m hnh\w
sNp-hmt\m ]mSp--X-.

hnh\w : amXyp tPmv

IqSp-X hnh-c-v Fgp-XpI:

Zac Poonen,
16, Da Costa Square,
Bangalore-560084, India.
Published by:

Jeevamozhi Publications,
Kumaranalloor P.O,
Kottayam 686 016

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

sNdnb Bcw-`--fpsS
Znhkw
hmeyw 1

Hcp ip{iq-j-bvm-bp Xm-sd-Spv

kmIv ]p

{]kn-o-I-cWw:

Poh-samgn ]n-t-jkv
Ipam-c-\-q ]n.-Hm.,
tImbw 686 016, tIc-fw

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

D-Sw
A[ymbw
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.

ssZh-i_vZn\p sNhn-sIm-Sp-pI
c-bpsS Ddv
X-k-a-bv klmbw
]Sn-]-Sn-bm-bp A\p-k-cWw
Fs IS- Xo
hmp-Itbm hmm-Xn-cn-p-Itbm
]cn-ip-m--kv\m\w
hnim-e-amb Hcp Xpd hmXn
{]m-\-bvv adp-]Sn
kmn-p-hm-\p ss[cyw
\mhn-I-tk\ hnSm-\p ssZh-hnfn
Ap-X-I-c-amb ssZhn-I-\-S-nv
sNdnb Xocp-am-\--fpsS {]m[m\yw
hnhm-ln-X-\m-I-Wtam thtbm?
ssZhw Xnc-s-Sp Pohn-X-]-mfn
ac-W-n \np hnSp-X
XI-bn-eqsS Hcp ]pXnb tkh-\-amw
ss{IkvX-h-km-ln-Xy-c-N-\-bn-tev
Hcp ]pXnb ehpw hoSpw
hkvXp-h-I-I-fpsS Dt]-Ww
]nam--ns ]Sp-Ip-gn-bn
]pXp-i-n-bm \nd-bv-s-Spp
]cn-ip-m--\n-dhpw AXn-\p-ti-jhpw
Hcp ]pXn-b -Po-hn-X-L--ns Bcw`w

t]Pv
5
8
11
14
17
20
23
26
29
32
36
40
43
47
51
56
59
63
67
71
74
78
82
86

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

1
ssZh-i_
- vZ
- n\v sNhn-sIm-Sp-pI
""Hcn- hfsc {][m-\-s--h-sbv Rm Icp-Xn-bn-cp Fm
Imcy- fpw Css Pohn- X - n\nv s]mbv t m- b n- c n- p- p.
Ahsbmw Rm Nh-p-Ip-b
- n Fdn-p-If
- p; X^-ea
- mbn F\nn\n {InkvXp-hns\ Bt-jn-p-hm\pw {InkvXp-hn-\m Bt-jn-s-Sp-hm\pw Ignbpw'' (^nen: 3:8,9--]-cm-h-\w)
CsXmcp Poh-N-cn-{X-{K--a-, adnv Fs Bob-]p-tcm-K-Xn-bn
KWy-amb ]p-h-ln kw`-h--fpsS Hm-p-dn-p-I-f-t{X. Imhn-t\mSp hniz-kvX-cm-bn-cn-p--Xn-\mbn bph-P-\-sf shp-hn-fn-pI
F {]mY-an-I-e-y-tmsSbmWv Rm\nXv Fgp-Xn-bn-p--Xv. Ah
ssZhn-I-tk-h-\-n \mbn ]cn-io-en-n--s-Sp-hm\pw hogvN-Itfm
]cm-P-b-tfm Dm-Ip-tm \ncm-i-sv Xfp t]mIm-Xn-cn-m\pw
CXv D]-I-cn-pw.
henb IX-Ip-I Xncn-bp-Xv sNdnb hnPm-KncnI-fn-em-Wv. {][m-\s Fs-nepw ip{iqj ssZhw \s `c-tan-p--Xn\p apv
sNdnb Imcy--fn-ep hniz-kvXX Ahn-Spv tim[\ sNp-p. BZan-sbpw l-bptSbpw Imcy-n-set]mse Ahn-Sps i_vZns A\p-k-c-W-amWv ssZhw \n\npw Bh-iy-s-Sp--Xv.
ssZh-i_vZw A\p-k-cn-p Imcy-n F\nv Hmm Ignbp BZy-Imem\p-`-h--fn Hv Fs ]Xn-\-m-as hb-n-emWv
kw`-hn--Xv. ]qs\-bn IS-Izm-s-bn-ep \mjW Un^kv AmZanbn Hcp \mhnI B^o-k-dm-Im-\p ]cn-io-e-\-Ime-v.
1955 Bbn-cpp AXv. \mhnI Am-Z-an-bn \npw Hgn-hp-Imev \yqUln-bn Fs amXm-]n-Xm--tfm-sSmv Bbn-cp kabw. Hcp Rmb-dmgvN sshInv Fs Cfb ktlm-Z-c-t\m-sSmv Hcp
kmbmk`m-cm-[-\-bn ]s-Sp--tijw aS-n-tm-cp-tm cm{Xn
Fp-a-Wn-bm-bn-cp-p. hon-te-p _kv Imv _vkvtm-n
R \np k`w. "Btcm-sS-nepw tbip-{In-kvXp-hn-t\-pdnp kmn--Ww.' Fsmcp Nn Fs a\-n apfv hf-cm

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

XpS-n. Av kmbw-Im-epw a\p-jy-cm-in-m-bp ssZh-ns

kphmtbip-hn-t\-p-dn-p kphn-ti-jw--Rm Hcn-IqSn
tIn-cp-p. cm{Xn Dd-p--Xn-\p-apv Hcm-tfm-sS-nepw B ktm-jhm ]p-h-bvm-\p i-amb B-cnIt{]c-W. AXp Imhn \np t{]c-Wb
- m-tWm, AtXm Fs shdpw Nn am{X-am-bncptm Fv F\nv \n-ba
- n-m-bn-cp-p. kabw sshIn-bn-cp-X
- n-\m
F\nv F{Xbpw thKw hon Ft-Xpw Bh-iy-am-bn-cp-p.
Aev]w Zqsc-\npw Rsf ey-am-n-h-cp Hcp bm{Xm-_ns shfnw ASp-p-h-cp-Xv F\nv ImWm-am-bn-cp-p. \n-_vZambn Rm Im-hn-t\mSp ]dp: ""B hcp _v Fs hon
Fm-\p--X-s-n Cp-Xs Hcm-tfmSv kmyw ]d-bpI FXv
Ahn-Sps CjvS-am-sWv Rm A\p-am-\n-pw. adnv hon-tev
t]mIm-\p _v BsW-n Rm AXnI-bdn hon-tev aSpw.'' _v ASp-p-h
- t- m hy-am-bn-A
- X
- Rp _v
Fv. Rm Im-hn-t\mSv Bh-iys AS-bmfw \I-s-n-cn-p-p.
F\nv AXym-h-iy-ambn Hcn-Sw-hsc
t]mtI-X
- p-sv A\p-Pt- \mSv Adnbnv Ah Xt hon-tev aS-m
\nt-in--tijw Rm X\ntb ASpp ]mn-tev \S-p. tbiphns kphn- t ijw ]p- h - b v m
]nb Hcmsf AhnsS Ismw
F {]Xo--bm-bn-cpp a\-n.
Hcp s]mXp- - e v asm- c m- t fmSv
kmyw ]d- b p A\p- ` hw
BZyt-Xm-bn-cppXm\pw.

ns kvt\l-s-n ]d-p-Xp-S-nb Rm F\n--dn-bm-hp-hn-[-n {InkvXp \psS ]m]-p-thn acnp F kXyw

]p-h-p. Atlw a-tbmsS Fs hmp-I {ihn-p. Ap cm{Xnbn kphn-tijw ]p-sh-bvm Fs t{]cn-n-Xv ssZh-am-I-bm
Cu a\p-jy-t\mSv cm-ZqXv Adn-bn-m Xs-bmWv ssZhw B{Kln-Xv Fv Rm Nnn-p-I-bm-Wv. Hcp Znhkw kz-n Atls Ip-apmw Fv Rm {]Xym-in-p-p. Hcp s]mXpe-v
X\ntb kphn-ti-j-n\v kmyw ]d-bm-\p Fs BZykwcw-`-ambn-cpp AXv. ]cn-ipmmhns B-cn-I-t{]-cW Rm A\p-k-cnptam Fv ssZhw ]co-n--bm-bn-cpp.
""sNdnb Bcw`--fpsS Znh-k''-am-bn-cpp AXv. (sk-J-cymhv 4:10)
AXn-\p-tijw Cp-h-sc-bp Fs PohnsX Xncn-p-t\m-p-tm
ssZhw Ahn-Sps hN\w Bbn-c--W-n\v Bfp-I-tfmSv temI-ns
\m\m-`m-K--fn {]kw-Kn-m-\p Ah-kcw F\np \In. Fm
CXns Fmw XpSw Hcp Rmb-dmgvN sshInv Uln ]-W-n
hv Dmb Hcp sNdnb A\p-k-c-W-ns {]hr-n-bm-bn-cpp!
]cn-ip-m-m-hns i_vZ
- n\v sNhn sImSp-m Ftmgpw Pm{KX
]pep-I. B i_vZs Ftm-sg-nepw A\p-k-cn-msX t]mbXp-aqew F{X-h-enb \jvS-amWv \nv Dm-b-sXv Im-hns
apmsI \mw HSp-hn \np-tm am{Xta Xncn--dn-I-bp-p.

]mnse Hcp _n hr-\mb

Hcm Ccn- p- Xv Fs {ibns-p. At-l-ns ASpv
t]mbn Ccp--tijw lnn-`m-j-bn
1955 sk]vw-_-dn \mj-W
Nne Ipi- e - { ]- i v \ - XpS- n.
Un^kv Am-Uan
A[nIw sshImsX \nXy-amb ImcyhnZymn
-tf-n kwkm-cn-m-\p ss[cyw
Bbn-cn-p-tm
e`y- a m- b n. a\p- j y- t cm- S p ssZh6

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

2
c-bpsS Ddv
Nne hnizm-kn-Iv Ah hopw P\n Znh-khpw ka-bhpw
hy-ambn Hmm Ign-bpw. Fm F\n-Xv Ign-bn-. hmkvXhw
]d-m IrXy-ambn GXp-hj-amWv Rm ]pXp-Xmbn P\n--sXp-t]mepw F\nv Adn-p-Iq-Sm. hopwP\\w FXv Ime-{I-taW-bp Hcp {]{Inb BsW-mtWm CXns Aw? Hcn--ep-a-.
ac-Ww-hnv {InkvXp-hn-ep Poh-\n-tev IS-p-Xv \nan-jt- \-cw-sImv
\S-p Hcp Imcy-am-Wv. Fm ssZh-`-b-ap {InkvXob`h-\-fn P\nv hf-s Fs-tm-se-bp ]epw B al-Xz-I-camb ApXw \S IrXy-amb \nanjw Nqn-m-Wn-p-hm Ign-bpn F-XmWv kXyw. Fs-tmse ]ecpw At\I XhW tbip{InkvXp X-fpsS lrZ-b-n-tev hcp-hm-\mbn {]mn-n-p--h-cmWv. CXn GXv k`-n-emWv IrXy-ambpw tbip lrZ-b-n-tev
hv ]pXp-P-\\w \S--sXv ]d-bm Ign-bpn-.
Fs Hm icn-bm-sW-n GI-tZiw ]Xn-aqp hb-p--tmgmWv BZy-ambn Rm Im-hmb tbip-hns\ Fs lrZ-b-ntev IS-p-h-cm-\mbn Wn--Xv. Rm BZy-ambn As\ {]mn-tm {]tXy-I-amb A\p-`-h- Hpw Dm-Im-Xn-cp--Xn-\m
bYm-n Ahn-Spv lrZ-b-n-tev hpthm Fv F\nv
Dd-n-m-bn-cp-p. AXp-sImv hopw hopw Imhv Fs lrZb-n-tev hcWw Fv ASp Nne hj--fn Rm At\IX-hWHcp-]t Hcp \qdp-{]m-h-iyw--B-h-iy-s-p. Fm Hmtcm
{]mh-iyhpw F\nv bmsXmcp {]tXyI A\p-`-hhpw Dm-bn! AXpsImv Xt Rm bYm-n cn--s--h-\mtWm Atbm
Fv F\nv \nbw Cm-bn-cp-p.

-tm honse \nb-{-W- Hpw _m[-I-am-bn-cp-n-. {ItaW

Rm Hcp euIn- I - \ mb {Inkv X ym- \ n- b m- b n- o- c p- I bpw k`- b n
t]mIpI FXv Hcp ]cn-Nbw am{X-am-bn-o-cp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Fsnepw Bobt_my-am-bn-cp-n Fs k`-bn-tev t]mIm t{]cnn-n-cp--Xv.
temI-ns hnt\m-Z-fpw Dm-k-fpw Bkz-Zn--Xn-eqsS Hcp \
Dmbn! temI- n\v hmKv Z m\w sNm Ign- b p- - s Xmw \ne\np kwXr]vXn Fn Df-hm-p-hm Ign-bm s]mbpw
ipjvI-hp-amb XmXvIm-enI Imcy- am{X-am-sWv Rm thKw
Is-n. 1959 Pqsse amk-nse Hcp Znhkw sImn-t\-ht_knse Fs apdn-bn Rm Ccpv ss__n hmbn-p-I-bm-bn-cpp.
""Fs ASp- hcp--hs\ Rm Hcp-\mfpw Xn--f-bp-I-bn''
F tbml-ms kphn-tijw Bdmw Aymbw ap-n-Ggmw hmIyw
Rm {in-m-\n-S-bm-bn. apv ]e-X-hW B hmIyw Rm hmbn-ncp-p. Fm Cu {]tXy-I-Zn-hkw B hN\w hfsc in-tbmsS
Fs lrZ-bs ]nSn-p-Ip-ep-n. tbip-hns B hN\w Rm hnizkn-bm-bn-cp-p. At\-I-X-hW Rm Im-hns ASp- hnp-m-bn-cp-p. Rm Fs ]v \n-ln-s-n tbip Ahn-Sps
]v Xo-bmbpw \n-ln-n-p-m-hpw Ahn-Spv Fs ssIsmn-cn-pw, Xo-bm-Wv. Atm F\nv t_m[y-ambn Ahn-izm-kamWv Ghpw henb ]m]w Fv. (tbm-l-m 16:9 {in-p-I) ssZhns Cu hmKv Z m\s Rm hniz- k n- p- n- s - n Rm
ssZhs t`mjvp ]d-bp--h-\m-p-I-bm-sW-pw, ssZhs CXne-[nIw \nn-m Bpw Ign-bp-I-bn-s-p-ap bmYmyw
F\nv t_m[y-am-bn.
As\ GXmv Bdp-hj-mew Atmpw Ctmpw BSn
bpe--tijw HSp-hn Rm hniz-knp. Rm cn--s-n-cn-pp
F Imcy-n F\nv Dd-p-m-bn. Fs Cu {]tXyI A\p-`-hn\npw Rm FmWv ]Tn-Xv? cp-Im-cy--fmWv F\nv ]dbm-\p--Xv.

Rm amXm-]n-Xm--tfm-sSmv `h-\-n Bbn-cp--tm AhcpsS \nb-{-W-aqew kn\n-a-t]m-ep Cu temI-ns Dm-k-fn\npw AIp Ign-n-cp-p. Fm Rm CUy \mhnI-tk-\-bnse ]cn-io-e-\-n-\mbn anen-dn Am-Z-an-bn tNp Ign-

HmaXm-bn, \n-fpsS csb kw_-nv \nv Dd-n-msX-bn-cn-p-tm, \ncp-m-l-s-Sphm\pw ]nm-dn-tm-Ip-hm\pw hfsc

Ffp--am-Wv.

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

cm-a-Xm-bn, hnizmkw ssZh-ns Zm\-am-Wv. c-bpsS Ddv

BZy- a mbn F\nv e`n- - t m
F\nv GXmv 19 hbv {]mbap- m- b n- c p- p. AXn- \ p- t ijw
46 A[nIw hj- Ign-ncn-p-p. Fm CXn-\nsS Hcnt]mepw Fs c-sb-n
kwibw Dm-bn-n-. av ]e Imcyfpw Rm Cu Ime-L--n
kwi- b n- n- p- s - nepw Fs
c-bpsS Imcyw Ghpw Dd-p
Imcy-ambn \ne-\np-p. Hcnepw sXm ssZh- h - N - \ ns ASn-d
- b
- n Fs hnizmk- ns \qcw B Znhkw
Rm Dd- n- - X n- \ m Fs
PohnX\uI Hgp- I n- t m- I msX
\mj-W Un^kv Amnc-X-bp--Xmbn \ne-sIm-p-IUanbn \nv Unkw.1957
bm-Wv. Cu Ime-L--n\nS-bn
Hmw dmtmsS ]mm-b-tm-AXn-i--amb ]e-sIm-Sp-m-p-I-fpam-Xm-]n-Xm--tfm-sSm-w.
sSbpw aty Fs Pohn-X\uI
hf-sc-b-[nIw BSn-bp-e-n-p-s-nepw c-bpsS Cu \qcw DdtmsS Cpw \ne-\np-p. F\n-Xv Fs\ hni-Zo-I-cn-m
Ignbpw? F\nv BsI-qSn ]d-bm Ign-bp-Xv C{X-am-{X-amWv:
""hniz-kn-m-\p Ir]- B Znhkw ssZhw F\np Xp.'' hnizmkhpw ssZh-ns Zm\w Xs-bm-Wv. AXp-sImv \psS hnizmkspdnpw \apv {]iw-kn-m Ign-I-bn-. \apv sNm Ignbp-Xv Xmgva-tbmsS ssZhs al-Xz-s-Sp-pI am{X-am-Wv.

10

3
X-k-a-bv klmbw
1959

Pqem-bvam-kw. sImn-bnse t\ht_-kn Xma-kn-p

Imew. Hcp \mhnI B^o-k-dmbn F\nv \nba\w e`n BZy Zn\. ssZh-ns c-sb--n-bp Ddpw F\nv B amkw Xsbm-bn-cpp e`n--Xv. ]q-ambpw Im-hn-\mbn Pohn-p-hm Rm
Xocp-am\w FSp-n-cp-p.
Hcp kmbm-w. Fs cv kl-{]-h-I-cmb kvt\lnX Fs
ASp-p-hv Av sshInv t\ht_-knse kn\n-am-im-eb
- n {]Zinn-mt]m-Ip Hcp \ kn\n-a-sb-n kwkm-cn-bpw R aqhcpw-IqSn BZy-{]-Zi-\-n\v t]mI-W-sav A`n-{]m-b-s-Sp-Ibpw
sNbvXp. CXn-\p-apv Ah-tcm-sSmv H-e-[nIw XhW Rm kn\na
ImWm t]mbn- c p- p. Fm Cv Rm hopw P\\w
{]m]nncnp-p. Ccw kn\n-a-I ImWm C\n t]mtI Fv
Rm Xocp-am-\n-p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-p. kn\na ImWm-\p tamlw
Xs Imhv Fs lrZ-b-n\nv \on-bn-cp-p. Fm
Ctm Rm hopw P\\w {]m]n Hcp {InkvXym-\n-bmWv Fv
Fs kvt\ln-X-tcmSv ]d-bp-hm D ss[cyw F\n-n-m-bn-cp-p.
AXn-\m Rm Ah-tcm-sSmv kn\n-am-ime ey-amn ]pd-s-p.
Fm B bm{X-bn-ep-S\
- ofw Cu _pn-ap-p kml-Nc
- y-n \npw
Fs GXp-hn-[-sa-nepw cn--Wta F {]m-\-bm-bn-cp-p,
Hcp Ic-n-embn Fn \ndp \nn-cp--Xv.
Ap-X-sa-p-]-d-b-s, Xotb--dn Fn-b-tm `nn-bn Hcp
t\mokv ]Xn-n-cn-p--XmWv R I-Xv. kn\nam {]Zi-\-n\m-h-iy-amb ^nenw doep-I X-k-a-bv Fntcm--Xn-\m
As {]Zi\w dp-sN-bvXn-cn-pp F Adn-bn-m-bn-cpp AXv.
Xma-k--e-t-p-ff aS--bm-{X-bn Fs kvt\ln-X Ccp-hcpw
AXy-[nIw \ncm-i-cm-bn-cp-p. Fm Fs ktm-j-n\v AXn-cnm-bn-cp-p. ssZhw F\n-p-thn Hcp ApXw sNbvXn-cn-pp Fv
{Klnv Rm AXy-[nIw ktm-jn-p. Cu kw`hw Fs hnizm11

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

ks hfscb[nIw in-s-Spn Fp am{X-a-, ""Bhiykabv Ghpw ASp XpW-bmb'' (k-o.46:1) Hcp ]nXmhv F\nmbn kz-n Dv F t_myhpw Fn Dd-bvm CS-bmbn. Fs A[-c- sImv D-cn-pI t]mepw sNmsX Fs
lrZ-b-nse Ic-n am{Xw tIv ssZhw F\nv Dcw \Ip-Ibm-bn-cp-p.
{]m-\-bvp Ap-X-I-camb Cu adp-]Sn F\nv BZy A\p`-h-ambncpp. Xs ambn Ap-X- sNp Hcp ]nXmhmWv ssZhw. ssZh-h-N\w ]d-bpp:-""b-tlm-h-bnt ckn-psImI;Ah \ns lrZ-b-nse B{K-l-sf \n\p Xcpw.''apIfn kqNn-n B Znhkw Rm Im-hn am{Xw ktm-jn-p-Ibm-bn-cp-p. asmpw Rm B{K-ln-n-cp-n-. Fs lrZ-b-ns
B{Klw B kn\na ImWm F\nv CS-bm-I-cpXv Fm-bn-cp-p.
Fs lrZ-b-nse B B{Klw Ahn-Sp-v F\nv \Ip-Ibpw
sNbvXp.
Rm Fs apdn-bn aS-n-sb-n-b-tijw Imhv FtmSv
]d- - X v . ""Av F\n- p- t hn {]hn hn[- n hopw
{]hnpw Fv {]Xo-n--cp-Xv'' Fm-Wv. C\n Hcp Ah-kcw
hm Rm Xs Fs kvt\ln-X-tcmSv "C' Fv ]d-bm ss[cys-SWw. As\ am{Xta F\nv Ir]-bn in-s-Sp-hm Ign-Ibpq Fpw ssZhw Fs a\-n-em-n. Hmtcm Xh-Wbpw ssZhw
C{]-Imcw ApXw {]hn-m Rm Hcn-epw ssZh-Ir-]-bn
in-s-Sp-Ibpw ss[cy-im-en-bm-bn-o-cp-Ibpw sNp-I-bn-. ASp
XhW Fs kvt\ln-X Ft kn\n-abvv t]mIm Wn--tm
ss[cy-]qw Ah-tcmSv Rm Hcp {InkvXym\n Bbn-o-Xn-\m
taem kn\n-am-Im-Wm hcp-n Fv ]d-bm F\np Ign-p.

Xv \mw _e-lo-\cpw `ocp-fpw BbnpS-cm-Xn-cn-m Xs-bmWv. Cu bmYmyw a\-n-em-n-b-Xn-\m {]m-\-sb-p-dn-p

]e-c-l-ky--fp-sSbpw Npcp-f-gn-bp-hm CS-bm-bn-p-v.
Ign 46 hj--fmbn ssZhw Fs Fm {]m-\-Ipw
adp-]Sn \In-bn-p-v--AtX, \qdp-i-X-am\w
adp-]-Sn-I! Cu Imcyw \nsf Ap-Xs-Sp-p-ptm? Rm hni-Zo-I-cn-mw.
{Sm^nv ssense aqp-Xcw shfn-t]msebmWv ssZh-ns adp-]-SnI. Nne-tm {]m-\bvv AtX (]
ssev) Fmhpw adp-]-Sn. ap Nne k`-fn C, kmy-a (Nphv ssev)
Fp adp-]Sn Dm-Ipw. Fm {]m\-Ipw adp-]Sn Ds-p-Xv Dd-m-Wv.
{Sm^nv ssev A\p-k-cn-p-Xv F{Xb-[nIw kpc-n-X-am-sWv ]d-tb--tm.
ssZh- ns adp- ] Sn Fp- X s
Bbmepw lrZ-bw-K-aam-bn AXv kzoI-cn-pHutZym-KnI ]Z-hn-bn - X n- e mWv Fs kpc- n- X Xzw Rm
an-Uvjn]vam(1958-59) Is-n-bn-cn-p--Xv.

\psS ]e {]m-\-Ipw ssZhw adp-]Sn \Im-Xv FpsIm-m-sWv Av F\nv a\-n-em-bn. an-tmgpw \mw \psS
PohnXw Bbm-k-c-ln-X-am-m Ap-X- sNm-\mWv {]mnp--Xv. \psS Ccw At]--I Fmw ssZhw \Inbm
\mw Zpta-Z-p-, Ae-k-cmb, {InkvXym-\n-I Bbn-o-cp-I-bm-bncnpw ^ew. Fm \mw i-cpw, HmP-p--h-cpw, [occpw Bbno-cm ssZhw B{K-ln-pp. Fn-cp-mepw Nne-tm-sgms ApX-I-c-amb \ne-bn Dcw \In ssZhw \t Dm-ln-n-m-dpp
Xm\pw. Fm an-tmgpw \psS {]m-\-Iv adp-]Sn \Im12

13

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

4
]Sn-]-Sn-bm-bp A\p-kcWw
Ign ]e hj--fn-eqsS Rm Is-nb Hcp Imcyw
CXmWv: ""ssZhw ]Sn-]-Sn-bm-bn-mWv \s \S-p-Xv''. Ahn-Sps
hmKvZm\w CXmWv:- ""\o Hmtcm NphSpw hbvp-tm \n\-p-ap-n
Rm hgn Xpd-p-Xcpw'' (kZr-i. 4:12s kzX{]cn-`m-j). bn{kmtb P\-Xsb taL-kvXw`w Zn\w-{]Xn \bn--Xp-t]mse ]cn-ip-mmhv Cv \s \bn-p-p.

kv\m\-s-Sp-p-Ibpw apXn-hv ssIsh-n-\m nco-I-cW

ip{iq-j-bn-eqsS k`mw-KXzw \Ip-Ibpw sNp-p)
5. ssZhw Fs `qX-Im-es ]cn-]q-ambn ambvp-I-f--tm
Xncp-hN
- \ hncp-a
- mb Fs inip-kv\m-\t- bpw ambvp-If
- p FXmWv kXyw.
6. Atm-kvtXm-e-m-cpsS {]hrn-I-fn Hmtcm {InkvXphnizmknbpw FSp A\p-k-c-W-ns BZy-]Sn Pe-kv\m-\-am-bn-cpp.

4. tbip Xm\pw apXn-h-sc-bmWv kv\m\w Ign-n-Xv. inip--fpsS-ta ssIshv Ahsc A\p-{K-ln--bt{X sNbvX-Xv. (]e k`Ifpw t\sc hn]-co-X-amb Imcy-amWv sNp-Xv; Ah inip-sf

ss__n]T- \ - n- e qsS Is- nb Cu Imcy- hnizmkkv\m\w F\nv Bh-iy-am-sW t_myw \In. Fm inipkv\m\w am{Xw kzoI-cn-n-cp Nne {InkvXobkvt\ln-X FtmSv
C{]-Imcw ]dp: ""ths] hnizm-k-k-aq-l--fn kphn-tijw
{]kw-Kn-p--Xn-t\-m ]Xn--Sv Hm-tUmIvkv k`-bn kphntijw {]kw-Kn-t Bh-iy-ant? Rm hnizm-k-kv\m\w kzoI-cnp--]w Hm-tUmIvkv k` Fs ]pd-m-p-Ibpw X^-eambn B k`-bn-ep he-tbm-cp-]w Ahn-izm-kn-I-tfmSv kphn-tijw
Adn-bn-m-\p Ah-kcw \jvS-amIpIbpw sNpw''. XnIpw bpn]q-amb Hcp Nn-bmWv CsXv F\nv tXmp-Ibpw hnizm-kkv\m\w kzoI-cn-t Bhiyw Csv Rm Xocp-am-\n-p-Ibpw
sNbvXp.
]Xn-s\-p-am-k- Rm Cu Ah--bn XpSp. Rm Hmtcm
{]mh-iyhpw {]m-\-bvm-bn appIp-p-tm ssZhw FtmSv
Cw ]d-bp--Xmbn F\nv tXmn-bn-cpp: ""Rm ]d-bp-Xv A\pk-cn-m \n\v a\-n-s-n, \o ]d-bp Imcy- Rm Fn\v
{in-Ww?'' Cu ]Xn-s\p amk- Rm Bo-b-ambn bmsXmcp
hfbpw {]m]nn F-XmWv kXyw. CXv Fs XnIpw Akz-\m-n-op. HSp-hn Rm Im-hn-t\mSv ]dp: ""temInse Fm k`-Ifpw Fs ]pd--n-bmepw Rm Ahn-Sps
A\p-k-cn-m Xbm-dmWv''. As\ 1961 Rm Pe-n apn
hnizm-k-kv\m\w kzoI-cn-p.
AXn-\p-ti-j-ap Fs {InkvXob Pohn-X-nse hf A`q-X]q-am-bn-cp-p. Rm Xs GsX-nepw ssZhnIIev]-\-I A\pk-cn-m-sX-bn-cn-p-tm ap--hv Rm Hcn-epw Hc-\p-{K-l-ambn-cn-m Ign-I-bn F bmYmyw Rm {Kln-p-Xp-S-p-I-bmbn-cp-p. ]no-Sp Fs Pohn-X-n Cu Imcyw Rm Xo-bmn: ""a\p-jytcm k`-Itfm Fp-Xs ]d-mepw sNdptXm heptXm

14

15

cbpsS Ddv F\nv e`n--tijw ASp--]Sn Pe-kv\m-\-amsWv F\nv a\-n-em-m Ign-p. kndn-b Hm-tUmIvkv
k`-bn inip-hm-bn-cp-t- m Rm amtam-Zok G-h\
- m-bn-cp-p. amtamZok BWv Xncp-h-N-\-n ImWp hnizm-k-kv\m\w Fv B k`
]Tn-npp. hnizm-k-kv\m\w F thZ-im-kv{X-]-c-amb Nph-cn\v Ccph-ipw hopw P\-\-ns A\p-`hw D {InkvXob hnizm-knI Ds-p kXyw Rm {Kln-n-cp-p. ss__n kv\m\-sn Fp ]d-bpp Fv hy-ambn ]Tn-p-hm Rm Xocp-am-\np. Xncp-h-N\w ]Tn--tm ]e BobkXy-fpw Is-p-hm
F\np km[np.
1. ]pXnb \nb-a-n Hcn-S-p-t]mepw inip-kv\m-\-s-n kqN\-bn-. Nne IpSpw-_
- kv\m\w G-Xn-s\-p-dnv ]cm-ai-- Dsp-Xv kXy-am-sW-nepw Hcn-Spw B IpSpw-_--fn inip-
Dm-bn-cptm Fv hy-am-n-bn-n-. Xncp-h-N-\-ns \n-_vZ-XbpsS ASn-m-\-n \apv GsX-nepw Hcp D]tZiw sXfn-bn-m
Ign-bp-I-bn-.
2. kv\m]Itbml-m apXn-hsc am{Xta kv\m\w Ign-n-pp.
3. tbiphpw {]mb-]qn-bm-b-Xn-\p-ti-j-amWv kv\m\-ta--Xv.

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

Bb GXp Imcy-nepw ssZh-h-N\w Rm Ftmgpw A\p-k-cnpw''

bpn-bpsS i_vZ-n\v sNhn-sIm-Spv ssZh-h-N-\-tmSv A\p-k-cW-tSv ImWn-p-tm F{X henb Bob\jvS-amWv \ap-p-mIp-Xv!!
45 hj-v apv Rm Is-nb A\p-k-c-W-ns B
BZyNph-Sn\p tijw ssZhw A\p-k-c-W-ns a-t\I Nph-Sp-I
Fs ImWn-n-p-v. Fm Hmtcm {]mh-iyhpw Atm ssZhw
Fs ImWn-p-X B NphSv Rm FSp--Xn-\p-tijw am{Xta
ASp--Imcyw Ahn-Spv ImWn-p-X-n-p-p. ssZh-h-N\w \psS
Imen\v Zo]-am-sWv ss__n ]d-bpp (k-o. 119:105). AXns
Aw FmWv? apn-ep ZoLamb hgn-mc apgp-h\pw H-bSnv {]Im-in-n-p-I-b; adnv ASp NphSv hbvp-hm-\p shfn-amWv ssZh-h-N\w \apv \IpXv. A-Imcw \nd Hcp ]mXbn-eqsS In Hcp tSmpssep-ambn \S-p--Xp-t]m-se-bm-W-Xv.
]mX-bpsS sNdn-sbmcp `mKw am{Xta GXp-k-a-bpw \mw ImWp-ppASp--Np-hSphbvp-hm-\p {]Im-iw. hgn-bpsS apn-ep `mK ImWp-hm-\mbn \mw aptmv \ontb aXn-bm-I-bp-p.
hj-vapv A\p-k-c-W-ns B BZyNphSv Rm FSpn-cp-n-s-n Fs Pohn--X sn-bp ssZh-ln-X-ns ASp-]Sn Rms\m-cn-epw Is-p-am-bn-cp-n-. Hcp-]t kzw
F\nv \jvS-am-Ip-am-bn-cp-n-. Fm `qan-bnse Fs PohnXw
Rm ]mgm-n-tb-s\. {]nb kvt\lnXm! A\p-k-c-W-ns GsXnepw Hcp NphSv ssZhw \n\v Ctm ImWn-p-X-n-p-s-n
Hpw sshImsX ssZhs A\p-k-cn-pI. Am]w PohnXn ssZh-lnXw \jvS-am-bn-tm-Im henb km[y-X-bp-v.
ad--cp-Xv, A\p-k-cWw ]Sn-]-Sn-bm-bp Hcp Imcy-am-Wv.

16

5
Fs IS- Xo
Bbn-c-n-sm-m-bn-cn Adp-]nsbmm-am-ns Bcw-`n, Fs Pe-kv\m-\-ns sXmp ]nm-se, Rm Im-hnt\m-sSmp \S-p-hm-\mbn FSp-t ASp Nph-Sv Ahn-Spv
F\np ImWn-p-X-p. ssZh-tm-Sp Fs ISw ]q-ambpw
Xop-I-gn-n-cp-p. ]noSv a\p-jy-tcm-Sp Fs IS- Xophm]q-ambpw Xop-hm D-k-a-b-am-bn-cp-p.
Ign Imev km-cns\ ]W-kw-_--ambn hn Imcyw
Fs Hm-bn-se-n. "ssIkp-Xv ssIkpw ssZh-n-\pXv ssZh-n\pw'sImSp-m tbip-]-d--tm (a-mbn 22:21)
bYm-n ssZh-n-\p-Xv sImSp-m Ign-b-W-sa-n BZyw
ssIkp- Xv sImSp- p- X ot- - X mWv FmWv Ahn- S pv
A-am-n-bXv. As-n ssIk-dn \np tamjvSn-s-Sp ]Wam-bn-cnpw \mw ssZh-n\v sImSp-p-I. km-cn\v F{X XpI-bmWv
sImSppXom-\p--sXv Rm IW-p-Iq-n. cp XpI-I Fs
a\-n hp. Hv asm-n-t\-m 20 iX-am-\w Ipd-hm-bn-cp-p.
kzm`m-hnIa\p-jy-kz-`mhw sNp-Xv Xs Rm\pw sNbvXp. Ipd-hp
XpI km-cn\v sImSpmw Fv Rm Xocp-am-\n-p. Hcp Znhkw
ss__n hmb-\m-aty kwJym]pkvXIw 5mw Aymbw Bdpw Ggpw
hmIy- Fs {i-bns-p. ssZhw bn{km-tb-en-t\mSv In-ncn-pp ISw sImSpp Xop-tm bYm-n ISw-s]-n-cnp--XpItbmSp-IqSn Ccp]-Xp-i-X-am\w (A-n Hv) IqSn Iqn-smSp-Ww Fv!! Cu hN\w Fs lrZ-b-n-tev ssZhw Ab
hy-amb Hcp Iev]-\-bm-bn-cp-p. Ccp-]-Xp-i-X-am\w Db B XpI
Xs Rm km-cn-tev aS-n smSp-Ww Fp-Xv hy-ambn-cp-p. As Fs {]Xn-amki-f-ns GI-tZiw \men-cnn
hcp Hcp XpI-bm-bn-cpp AXv! Hmtcm-am-khpw Ign-bp--{X-]Ww
anw hv B ISw F{Xbpw thKw sImSp-p-Xom Rm Nph-SpI hp.
Imhv t_myw X B XpI Rm anw hp-I-gn--tm17

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

gmWv asm-cp-{]iv\w Xe-bpbnb-Xv. kXy-k--cmb a\p-jyv

Ah sXmb hn[-n ssIhiw hn-cn-p ]Ww aS-n-hm-m\mbn km-cn\v Hcp kwhn-[m\w C Fv Rm a\-n-emn!!
F\n- s mcp _pn tXmn. Rm km- c n- t ev sImSp- pXot XpIbvv Xpey-amb sdbnth bm{X-bvp Sn-p-I
hmn-bnv Rm Ah Iodn--f-p. Cs\ Rm sImSp-p-Xom\p ]Ww Hcp km m]-\-amb CUy sdbnth hgn
km JP-\m-hn-tev Fn Fv Rm Dd-m-n. Fs _mv
Auv Imen-bmbn Fnepw Fs lrZbw Im-hns ktmj-m \ndpXpfp-n.
km-bn-bpsS Imcyw Hmp-I. Xm hn-s-Sp ]Ww Fmhpw sImSp-p-Xomw Fv Abm Xocp-am-\n--tm am{X-amWv
""Cv Cu `h-\-n\v c-h-n-cn-pp' Fv tbip-]-d--Xv.
""ImWmsX t]mb- X ns\ sXcp cn- m- \ tm a\p- j y- ] p- { X
hXv''Fpw eqtmkv 19:9,10 ImWp-p. Fm-a-\p-jy-scbpw
t]mse km-bnbpw ]W-kvt\-l-n \jvS-s-p-t]m-b-h-\m-bn-cp-p.
tbip Ahs\ AXn \np cn-p. Rm\pw ]W-kvt\-l-n \jvSs--h-\m-bn-cp-p. tbip Ftbpw cn-p. ""{Zhym-{Klw (]-W-smXn) kIe tZmj-n\pw aqe-Im-c-W-''sav Xncp-h-N\w ]d-bp-p.
(1 Xntam. 6:10). Imhv \s AXn \npw hnSp-hn-m B{K-lnp-p. Atm am{Xta bYm-n c-h-n-cn-pp Fv
Im-hn\v ]d-bp-hm Ign-bp-I-bp-q. \psS lrZ-b--fn \npw
Cu Xnsb kaq-e-ambn XpS-p-\o-p-hm Ahn-Sp-t-p-am-{Xta IgnI-bp-q. AXv sNp-hm Ah-t\mSv Bh-iy-s-Sp--hp-th-n-am{Xta Ah AXv sNp-I-bp-q.
\psS IS- km-nI-am-bh am{X-a-. Hcp ]t \mw ISs-n-cn-p-Xv Hcp am-]Ww Bbn-cn-mw. Rm Hcp _me-\m-bn-cp-tm mp-ti-J-cWw Fs Hcp hnt\m-Z-am-bn-cp-p. Hcn- Xosc
Xp-amb hne-bp Hcp X]m mv Rm Fs kvt\ln-Xs
tiJ-c-n \npw tamjvSn-n-cp-p. ]p hj-n-\p-apv Rm
sNbvX Cu sNdnb Imcyw Imhv Fs Hmn-n-bpw Cu ]m]w
Gp-]-d-bp-hm FtmSv Bh-iy-s-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. B kvt\ln-Xt\mSv Ip-k-Xw \Sn a-bm-Nn-pI FXv km-cn\v `oaamb B XpI sImSp-p--Xnepw hnj-a-am-bn-cp-p. ImcWw Cu Imcyw
asmcp hyn-bpsS apn Fss hn\-b-s-Sp-p Imcy-ambn- c p- p. Fnepw ss[cyw kw`- c nv Rm Zqsc- b m- b n- c p B

_meyImekvt\ln-X\v Hcp am-]-W-v Fgp-XpI Xs sNbvXp.

hopw Im-hns ktmjw Fs lrZ-bs \nd-p.
Nne-tm \mw sNbvX sXn\v {]mb-nw sNm Ign-bm
k`--fp-m-hmw. B{K-ln-npw Ign-bm Acw Imcy--fn
kmm Bh-iy-an-msX \s Ip-s-Sp-p-hm \mw A\p-h-Zn-cp-Xv. Acw k`--fn ssZhw tbip-hn-eqsS \app \Ip
a kzoI-cnv \mw kz-X-bn Bbn-cn-t--Xm-Wv. \mw {Iao-I-cnt Imcy- ssZhw \s ImWn-p-X-cpw. Acw Imcy-
Ahn-Spp \s ImWn-p-tm \mw \ss Xmgvn DS-\Sn
A\p-k-cn-ptam Fv Ahn-Spv \s ]co-n-pw. Fp-hn-e-sIm-Spt-n-h-mepw Im-hns\ A\p-k-cn-p--XmWv A\p-{K-ln-\p-h-gn.
apI-fn kqNn-n Cu cp-Im-cy--fn Rm DS-\Sn ssZhs
A\p-k-cn-n-cp-n-s-n AXv Ign 45 hj- Rm Fs
Imen Hcp N-eb
- p-ambn \S-p A\p-`h
- a-- m-bn-cp-t-t\. Fs PohnX-n ssZhnIhnfn F\nv \jvS-am-Ip-Ibpw sNp-am-bn-cp-p. AhnSpv Icp-Wt- Xmn F\np \Inb ip{iq-jbpw \jvSa
- m-tb-t\. kzn \nXy-X-ap-gp-h F{X-h-enb ZpxJw Fs th-bm-Sp-hm AXv
CS-bm-p-am-bn-cp-p.
kIe a\p-jy-tcm-Sp-ap Fm IS--fn \npw Xs a kzX{-cm-bn-cn-Ww FmWv ssZhw B{K-ln-p--Xv. \n-fpsS Ign-ImePohn-X-n Fs-nepw ISw \n sImSp-p-Xom\ptm? ]W-kw-_--tam, Am--tXm, Fp-am-I-s, F{Xbpw
thKw B Imcy-n\v ssZhap-msI ]cn-lmcw I-p-I. Asn \nsfn-bp ssZh-hnfn \jvS-sv \nXy-X-ap-gp-h ZpxJntn ht-mw. kqm\p-k-c-W-n\p kabw CXmWv!! ad-cpXv, henb IX-Ip-I sNdnb hnPm-KncnI-fn-emWv Xncn-bp-Xv!

18

19

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

Rm t_mwt_ \mhnImh-f-n tPmensNbvXn-cp Imew.

kwKotXm]- I - c - W - hnp Hcp IS- b psS Pme- I - n
AtmUn-b F BIj-I-amb Hcp ]mmXykwKo-tXm-]-I-cWw
Fs {i-bn sp. AtmUn-b hmbn-m ]Tn-pI FXv
Fs henb B{K-l-am-bn-cp--Xn-\m AXv hmp Imcyw Rm
Nnn-p. Fm Hcp ssZh-ss]X-emb Rm hen-btXm sNdn-btXm
Bb GXp-Im-cy-nepw ssZhlnXw Bcm-tb Bhiyw Dsv
F\n--dn-bm-am-bn-cpp. Bb-Xn-\m {]m-\-bn-eqsS Cu hnj-bn-ep ssZh-lnXw Bcm-bp-hm Rm a\p hp. Fm
Ccw Imcy--fn ssZh-lnXw Fs\ Is-Ww Fp
Imcyw F\nv Am-X-am-bn-cp-p. AXn-\m ssZh-tmSv Rm
Hc-S-bmfw tNmZn-p. AtmUn-bs hne Hcp \nnX kwJy-bn
Ipd-hm-sW-n Rm AXv hmWw FmWv ssZh-lnXw Fv
{Klnpw Fm-bn-cpp Rm ssZh-tmSp ]d--Xv. B XpIbn IpSp-X-emWv IS-m-c ]d-bp hne-sb-n AXv hmp-Xv
ssZh-ln-X-a Fv A\p-am-\n-pw. at\m-l-c-amb B AtmUnb hm-p-hm AZ-ay-amb B{K-l-ap-m-bn-cp Rm lrZ-bw-Kaambn Binp AXns hne Rm ssZh-tmSv ]d XpI-bn
Ipd-hm-bn-cn-tW Fv!
Fm hnNn-{X-sap ]d-bs; AtmUn-b\v IS-bp-Sa ]d
Ghpw Ipd hne Rm t\cs ssZh-tmSv ]d-n-cp hnetb-m Aev]w-am{Xw IpSp-X-em-bn-cpp! ]e Nn-I s]sv Fs
a\-n-eqsS IS-p-t]m-bn. Hm-a-Xmbn IS-m-c ]d XpI sImSpp-hm Fs ssIhiw Dm-bn-cp-p. cm-a-Xmbn hntZi\nn-Xamb Cu kwKo-tXm-]-I-c-W-ns Cd-p-aXn km \ntcm-[n-n-cnp-I-bm-Wv. Xqew t_mws_ ]-W-nse GsX-nepw IS-bn
Inm kmy-X-bp HSp-hn-es AtmUn-b CXm-hmw. apm-

a-Xmbn {InkvXob aonw-Kp-I-fn kwKoXw Be-]n-m am{X-am-bncpp Rm AtmUn-b hmb\ A`y-kn-p-hm XmXv]c
- y-s-X
- v.
Fm ssZh-lnXw {Kln-p-hm-\mbn Rm ssZh-tmSv Hcp ASbmfw tNmZn-n-cpp Fpw, B AS-bmfw \nd-th-dn-bn-n Fpap
Imcyw ta-d aqp Imcy--tf-m i-ambn Fs a\-ns\
kzm[o-\n-p. AtmUn-b hmt Fp Xs Xocp-am-\nv Rm
B IS-bn \nv Cd-n. hfsc B{K-ln B kwKo-tXm-]-I-cWw
e`n-n F-Xn \ncmi Dm-bn-cp-s-nepw ssZhs A\p-k-cnp
F-Xn Rm ktm-jn-p-I-bm-bn-cp-p.
Nne Znh-k-p tijw Ass{I-kvX-h-\mb Fs Hcp kl-{]h-I-t\mSv Rm Im-hmb tbip-hn-s\-p-dnv kwkm-cn-p-Ibm-bn-cp-p. ss__n-fn \npw Abm tNmZn Hcp tNmZy-n\v
Dcw ]d-bm F\nv Ign-n-. Hcp {InkvXym-\n-bm-bnpw ss__nfnse Hcp Imcy-n\v adp-]Sn ]d-bm Ign-n-tm F-Xn Rm
en-p. Fs apdn-bn-tev aS-n-bXv ssZh-h-N\w \m-bn--Tn-phm-\p ZrV\n-b-tm-sS-bm-bn-cp-p. ssZh-h-N-\-n Dcw
Xn-p GXp-Im-cyhpw Adn-bm-hp Hcm-fm-bn-o-cpI F-Xm-bncpp Fs eyw.
1959 c-bpsS Ddv F\nv e`n tijw Zn\w-tXmdpw ssZh
hN\w hmbn-p-hm-\p- Hcp hmRvO Fs lrZ-b-n Dm-bn-cpp. ss__n apgp-h\pw thK-n hmbn-p-Xom BZy-ambn
XmXv]-cyw -tXm-n. Bdp-amkw sImv Xncp-h-N\w BZn-tbm-Sw
Hcm-hrn hmbn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. hmbn Imcy- hf-sc-p-dp
am{Xta Av {Kln-p-hm Ign-pq Fnepw B hmb\ Fs
hnizm-ks in-s-Sp-n. Kuc-h-ap Hcp ss__n]Tn-Xm-hmbn-cp-n XpS--n Rm.
Fm sshImsX ssZh- h - N \]T\w F\nv Hcp lc- a m- b nop. Fs Hgn-hp-k-a-b--fn-semw aWn-p-dp-I-tfmfw cm-I
ss__n-fp-ambn Rm ]T\w XpSp. ]Ww anw hv ss__nfnse Hp hmIy--fpsS Hcp kam-lmcw bMvkv ItImUkv
Rm kz-am-p-Ibpw hnhn[ ]Z- ss__n-fn Bhn-n-cnp-Xv Fhn-sS-sbms Fv XmXv]-cy-]qw ]Tn-m {ian-p-Ibpw
sNbvXp. Xncp-h-N-\-nse Imcy- Hpw Adn-bm-sX-bn-cp Rm
Bg-amb ssZhnIkXy- {Kln-p-hm XpS-n.
Hcp AtmUn-b Av hmp-hm ssZhw Fs A\p-h-Zn-m-

20

21

hmp-Itbm hmm-Xn-cn-p-Itbm?
Bbn-cnsmm-bn-cn Adp-]n Hm-am-ns {]mcw-`L
- w;

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

Xv Fp-sIm-m-sWv Ctm F\nv t_my-ambn. AXv

hmn-bn-cp-s-n Fs kwKoXhmk\ ]cn-t]m-jn-n-p-hm Fs
Hgn-hp-k-a-b-samw hn\n-tbm-Kn-p-am-bn-cpp! kwKo-X-n XmXv]-cyap Bpw Adn- b m- h p kXy- a mWv Hcp kwKotXm]- I - c Ww
ssIImcyw sNp--Xn Hcn-epw ]qX ssIh-cn-m-\m-hn F
Imcyw. AXv A\--amb Hcp X]-ky-bm-Wv. Rm AtmUn-b
F kwKo-tXm-]-I-c-W-ns ASn-a-bm-tb-t\.
ck-I-c-amb Imcyw, Bdp-hj-p tijw asm-cm-fn \nv
Hcp AtmUn-b hnebvp hmm F\nv Ignp F-XmWv. Atm-tgpw ssZh-h-N-\-tmSv Bg-amb hnt[-bXzw Fs lrZb-n thcp-d-n-cp--Xn-\m AtmUn-b\v Fs ASn-a-s-Sp-m
Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-n-. adnv AXv Fs ASn-a-bmbncpp. Rm Hcp
hnZ-Kv-\mb kwKo-X--\m-bn-. Fm Xncp-lr-Z-b-n IptdqSn sa-amb ap NneXp F\n-p-thn Dm-bn-cp-p. 1961 Cu
Imcyw F\nv XnIpw Am-X-am-bn-cp-p. kwKo-Xm-`y-k-\-sm ssZh-h-N\]T-\-n-\mbn kabw thXn-cn-m\pw XZzmcm Hcp
thZm-ym-]-I-\m-Im\pw Ignp F-Xn Cv Rm ssZh-tmSv
AXy-[nIw \n-bp--h-\m-Wv. {InkvXobkwKo-X-n ka-cmb
[mcmfw t]cp- s - nepw A`n- j n- - c mb ssZh- h - N \mym- ] - I
F{Xtbm hnc-f-amWv.
AtX, henb hmXn-ep-I sNdnb hnPm-Kn-cn-I-fn-emWv Xncn-bp-Xv!!

22

7
]cn-ip-m--kv\m\w
Bbn-c-n-sXm-m-bn-cn Adp-]naqm-am-ns XpS--n
F\nv sImn-bnse \mhnImh-f-n \nb-a\w Inn. cp hjn-e-[n-I-ambn {im-]qw ssZh-h-N\w ]Tn--Xn-\m kmam\yw t`Zs \ne-bn-ep hN-\-]-cn-m\w F\nv ssIh-n-cp-p. k`-bnse
aonw-Kp-I-fn hN\w {]kw-Kn-p-hm aXn-bmb ssZh-h-N-\-ns
]cn-Nbw Av Dm-bn-cp-p. Fnepw Fs ip{iq-j-bn ssZh-in-bpsS A`mhw Rm Is-n.- Rm kw_-n-n-cp k`-bn
R ss__n ]Tn-n-cp-Xv XnIpw _pn-bpsS Xe-n-em-bn-cpp--Hcp Ncn-{X-]p-kvXIw ]Tn-p--Xp-t]mse! k`-bn Rm tIncp kt-i- Fmw Xs ]cn-ip-m-m-hns ]pXp-tam NqtSm
CmsX XnIpw hnc-k--fm-bn-cp-p.
tbip kZq-Iy-tcmSv ]d-Xv Ah "Xncp-sh-gp-p-I-sfbpw ssZhi-n-tbbpw' Adn-bp-n Fm-bn-cpp (a-m.22:29). Fs kw_n-n-S-tmfw Hcp ]cn-[n-hsc Rm Xncp-sh-gp-p-Isf Adn-ncpp Fns ssZh-in Fsv Adn-n-cp-n-. ]cn-ipm--kv\m\w {]m]n-p-tm am{Xta Ahv in e`n-p-I-bpq
Fv tbip Xs injy-m-tcmSv ]d-n-p-tm ({]-hr1:5,8). hnhn[
{InkvXob k`-I Cu hnj-b-s-n hyXykvX \ne-I-fn ]Tn-nn-cp--Xmbn Rm Is-n. "]pXp-P-\\w {]m]n Hmtcm {InkvXym\n-bpw, Ah Adn-mepw Cs-nepw ]pXp-P-\-\-ns ka-bv
]cn-ip-mkv\m\w {]m]n-n-cnpw' FmWv Nne ]Tn-n-p--Xv.
Fm hopw P\\w {]m]n--Xn\p tijw ]cn-ip-mkv\m\-n\mbn {]tXy-I-ambn Im-hns kn-[n-bn Imn-cn-t--Xpv
FmWv ap-Nn-e ]Tn-n-p--Xv. CXv Fs Nnm-p-g--nemnsbnepw tbip{InkvXp Ahn-Sps ip{iqj Bcw-`n-p--Xn\p-apv Bm-hn-\m-A-`n-jn--\mbn F-Imcyw Rm {in-p.
({]hr 10:38). tbip-hn\v AXv Bh-iy-am-bn-cp-s-n F\nv F{X-b[nIw! "Xn hniz-kn-p--h-cpsS Dn \nv Poh-P-e-ns \Zn23

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

I HgpIpw' Fpw tbip ]d-n-p-tm. Fs Dn \npw

Poh-P-e-ns Nne Xpn-I am{Xta ]pd-s-Sp-pq Fv Rm
{Kln-p. Imcy-amb Ftm F\nv \jvS-am-bn-cn-pp F t_myw
Fs `cn-p. ssZh-im-kv{X-]-c-amb hnhm-Z--fn-tev IS-msX ]cnip-min-mbn ssZh-apJw At\z-jn-p-hm Rm Xocp-am-\np. hmKvZm\w sN-s "\Zn-I' Bbn-cpp Rm sImXn--Xv.
]cn-ip-m-m-hns ip{iq-jbvv Du sImSp-n-cp- Hcp Iqw
k`-I-fn Fs-nepw klmbw Cu hnj-b-n e`n-tpw F
Nn-tbmsS Rm IS-p-t]m-bn. Ah ipjvImn D-h Bbn-cps-nepw Ah-cpsS aty Rm I-Im-cy- anXpw Fs \ncmi-\m-p-I-bm-Wp-m-b-Xv. hfscb[nIw i_vZ-tIm-em-l-ehpw sshImcn-I-Xbpw Dm-bn-cp-s-nepw ]m]-n-t-ep Pb-tam, {InkvXp-tbip-hns Znhy-kz-`m-h-tmSv A\p-cq-]-s-Sp-tXm Ahv {][m-\-Imcy-am-bn-cp-n-. ({]m-Y-an-I-ambpw Cu Imcy-m-bn-m-Wtm ]cn-ipm-mhv `qan-bn-tev Ab-bv-s--Xv.) Cu k`-I-fnse an ip{iqj-I-mcpw ]W-kvt\-ln-I-fm-bn-cpp Xm\pw. ]cn-ip-m--kv\m\w e`nm B{K-ln-p-s-n "lt-epm' Fv Bhnv Dcp-hn-psIm-n-cn-m-\mWv Hcm FtmSv ]d-Xv! Atm-kvX-e-m ]cnip-m--kv\m\w {]m]n-Xv B hn[-n Am-bn-cp--Xn-\m Rm
B \ntiw Xn--f-p. Rm At\z-jn-p-sIm-n-cp B
\nd-hns A\p-`hw CsXmpw Am-bn-cp-p. hymP-amb A\p-I-c-W hne-bp hkvXp-p-am-{Xta Dm-Ip-I-bpq F kXyw
F\n--dn-bm-am-bn-cpp! AXp-sIm-p-X-s ]cn-ip-mkv\m\-ns
hne-Ip-d A\p-I-c-W- bmYm A\p-`-h-ns aqeyw hnn-p-I-bm-bn-cp-p. s]-tm-kvXp-\m-fn Atm-kvtXm-e-mp
e`n bYm ]cn-ip-m--kv\m-\-amWv F\np thXv Fv Rm
ssZh-tmSv ]d-p. Am-ev Rm hnhn[{InkvXobk`-I-fn
I A\p-`-h- A F\nv thXv Fv hy-am-bn-cp-p. Hmtcm
Znh-khpw ssZh-tmSv bYm B-kv\m-\-n-\mbn Rm \nehn-fn-p-sIm-n-cp-p.

Imhv Fs ImWn-p. {Iqins amw Rm Ftmgpw sXcs-Sp-m Ahn-Sps in \nc-cw F\nv A\p-`-hn-m
Ignbpw Fv F\nv hy-am-bn-cp-p.
ssZhw Xs Bm-hn-\m B k`-n Fs \nd-p. {]I-Samb Hcp AS-bm-fhpw Atm Dm-bn-. Fm AXp-hsc A\p-`hn-m Hcp ]pXpw, Hcp kzmX{yw, Hcp ss[cyw Rm Fs
ip{iq-j-bn A\p-`-hn-m XpS-n. ap--hsc shp-hn-fn-p-,
Dkm-ln-n-p-, Biz-kn-n-p {]h-N\hcw Rm A\p-`-hn-m
XpS-n. (sIm-cn. 14:3). tbip-hns\ lrZ-bw-K-ambn kvt\ln-n-cp Rm
apgp-lr-Z-b-tmSpw Ahs\ tkhn-m sImXn-p. {Iqins ]mX
F\nv hne-s--Xm-bn-op. ap--hsc {InkvXp-hn-tev \S-phm-\mbn AZ-ay-amb Hc-`n-hmRvO Fn Df-hmbn. Av Rm A\y`m-j-I-fn kwkm-cn-n-cp-n-. ]Xn-s\mp hj-p tij-amWv
AXp-m-b-Xv.
Fm Av Rm A\p-`-hn-Xv Hcp XpSw am{X-am-bn-cp-p.
Bhn-m-hnv Bm-hn-\m \nd-b-s-p-sIm-t-bn-cn-t-Xv
F\nv Bh-iy-am-bn-cp-p. ({]-hr-n-I-fpsS ]pkvX-I-n ]t{Xmkv
aqp {]mhiyw Fnepw Bm-hn-\m \nd-b-s Imcyw \mw hmbnp-p.) Hcp In-\pw, Hcp InW-dn-\pw, Hcp \Znpw Fmw \nd-n-cnm Ign-bpw. Fm Hmtcm-n-sbpw hym]vXn hyXy-kvX-am-Wtm?
\psS hym]vXn hn-p--X-\p-k-cnv \mw hopw \nd-b-s-tS-nbn-cn-p-p. XpS--n Fs hym]vXn Hcp In-tXp am{X-am-bncpp Fm B Iv \ndp Ihn-bp--Xm-bn-cp-p. ]nm-ev
Poh-Pew \nd-sm-gp-Ip Hcp \Zn-bmbn Cu Iv hf-tc Bh-iyap-m-bn-cp-p.

Pe-kv\m-\-n-\mbn tbml-ms ASp- tbip-h k`-nemWv tbip ]cn-ip-m-m-hnep A`n-tjIw {]m]n--Xv Fv Xncpsh-gp-n \npw Rm Ip. kzbPohn-X-ns acWw; kzbw
sXc-s-Sp-p--Xns AS-bm-f-am-Wtm kv\m\w. {Iqins amhp-ambn Ghpw ASp _w B-\n-d-hns Pohn-X-n-\pv Fv
24

25

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

8
hnim-e-amb Hcp Xpd hmXn
sNdp-m-cmb ]e-cp-sSbpw ]cmXn k`-bn Hcp ip{iqj Ahv
Dm-Ip--Xn\v apXn ktlm-Z-c-m XS--am-Ipp F-Xm-Wv.
Fm ssZhnIip{iqj a\p-jy-cn\n- ssZh-n\n-mWv
\apv e`n-p--sX--Xm-Wv kXyw. \nsf A`n-tjIw sNp-hm\pw
\nv Hcp ip{iqj \Ip-hm\pw ssZhw \n-bn-n-cn-p-p-shn \n-fpsS Pohn-X-s-p-dn-p ssZhnI]-Xnsb XS-bp-hm
Hcp a\p-jy\pw Ign-bn-. ssZhw-Xs X-k-a-bv icn-bmb hmXn
\nmbn Xpd-p-X-cpw. hmXn-ep-I Xpd--s-Sm-\mbn \n ]cn{i-an-tbm ip{iq-j-bvmbn Hcp Ah-kcw Hcp-n--cm Btcm-sSnepw Bh-iy-s-Sp-Itbm sNt Imcy-an-. Bsc-nepw \nfpsS
ip{iq-jbvv XSw Dmn Fv Hcn-epw \nv ]cm-Xn-s-tSn-h-cn-I-bp-an-. {InkvXobip{iq-j-bpsS Fm-hm-Xn-ep-I-fp-sSbpw
Xmtm Im-hmb tbip-{In-kvXp-hns ] Xs-bm-Wv. (shfn. 3:7,8). Bsc-nepw ASp-p-h-cp-tm Xmt\-Xp-d-p b{--XIp-It]mse Im-hn\v X-k-a-bpw epw \ap-mbn
ip{iqjmhmXn-epIsf Xpd-m Ign-bpw. Ccw IX-Ip-I Xpdm-\mbn \mw Hpw-Xs sNt--Xn F-XmWv kXyw! ]e sNdp-mpw ssZhw Hcp ip{iqj \Im--Xns ImcWw {]mY-an-Iambn ssZh-s-b-, Hcp ip{iq-jsb-bmWv Ah At\z-jn-p-Xv
F-Xm-Wv. Xs-bp-a, Ah Hcp ip{iqj At\z-jn-p-Xv kzbwam\w t\Sp-hm-\m-Wv.

hnizm-kn-I-sfbpw kin-p-am-bn-cp-p. BgvN-tXm-dpw aqp-\m-ept]p am{X-ambn Acw `h-\--fn ss__n mp-I FSpp-am-bn-cp-p. ssZh-h-N\w {]kw-Kn-p-hm Rm BZy-ambn A`ykn-Xv A{]-Im-c-am-bn-cp-p.
1963 HmK-p-amkw t\hn DtZym-K--\m-bn-cp Rm Ah-[n-bn-embn-cp--tm sslZ-cm_m-Znse "slt{_m k`'bnep ssZh-a-fp-ambn Iqm-bva-bvp XmXv]-cy-tmsS Ahn-tSv t]mIm Xocpam-\n-p. CUy-bn Am-ev Ghpw A[nIw Adn-b-s-n-cp
k`m t\Xm-hm-bn-cp {_Z `-knw-Kns {]h-\--fpsS Bm\-amb sslZcm_m-Znse k`-bm-bn-cpp "slt{_m'. Rm AhnSw
kin ka-bv `-knwKv e-n-m-bn-cp-p. Rmb-dmgvN
Imev slt{_m k`-bnse aq-\mb ktlm-Z-c k`m-ao-nw-Kn
{][m-\-s ssZh-h-N-\-k-tiw \Im FtmSv Bh-iy-s-p. a{Zmkn-ep Ah-cpsS k`-bnse sNdnb Nne aonw-Kp-I-fn CXn-\p-apv
Rm ssZh-h-N\w kwkm-cn-n-p-m-bn-cp-p. aq-\mb ktlm-Z-c
B aonw-Kp-I-fn ssZhw \Inb A\p-{K-l-s-n tIp-p-m-hWw. Fm sslZcm-_m-Znse k` Bbn-c-n-e-[nIw AwK-kw-Jybp hen-sbmcp k`-bm-bn-cpp AXp-t]m-se-bp Hcp P\-q--tmSv
AXn-\p-apv Hcn-epw Rm kwkm-cn-n-t-bn-m-bn-cp-p.

1963 F\nv Ccp-]-n-aqv hbv {]mb-ap--tm am\-km-c-s-nv \mep-hjw Ign-n-cp-p. Rm kw_-n-n-cp {]mtZ-inI
k`-bnse aq-m Fs k`m-ao-nw-Kp-I-fn hN\w kwkm-cn-m
A\p-h-Zn-n-cp-n-. \t sNdp--m-c\pw A\p-`-h-]-cn-m-\-an-m-h-\p-ambn Ah Ft-p-dnv Nnn--Xn Ap-X-an-. kzw k`bn Ah-kcw \ntj-[n--s Rm \ma-t[b{InkvXym-\n-I-sfbpw
amcpw IS-p-t]m-Im XmXv]-cy-s-Sm Zqce--fn-ep ]pXnb

"slt{_m-\n' Av ssZh-P-\-tmSv FmWv kwkm-cn-t-Xv

F-Xn-t\-p-dnv Rm Im-hn-t\mSv Btem-N\ tNmZn--tm
XymK-]q-amb Hcp {InkvXo-b-Po-hnXw \bn-t--Xns Bh-iy-IX-sb-n kwkm-cn-m-\mWv F\nv t{]c-W-bp-m-b-Xv. 2 iap-th
24mw Aymbw 24mw hmIy-n-ep Zmho-Zns hmp-Isf B[m-camn "\apv Fs-nepw sNe-hp Imcyw Im-hn\v Anp'Xnt\-p-dnv Rm B aonw-Kn kwkm-cn-p. aonw-Kn kw_n P\- q- - n\v Akm[mcWamb hn[- n A\p- X m- ] hpw
DWhpw Dm-I---hw Bm-hns {]tXy-I-amb Hc-`n-tjIw
B hN-\-ip-{iq-j-bn Dm-bn-cp-p. ssZhw sNbvX {]hrn Fs
XnIpw Ap-X-s-Sp-n. B aonw-Knse ssZh-{]-hrn {in aq\mb ktlm-Z-c XpSpw cp-ao-nw-Kp-I-fn RmXs hN\w
{]kw-Kn-p--Xm-sWv P\s Adn-bn-p. Av cm{Xn-bnepw ]ntv
cm{Xn-bn-ep-am-bn-m-bn-cpp B cv tbmK-. k`m-tlm cv aonwKp- I - f nepw P\- s - s mv \nd- p- I - h n- n- c p- p.. Xn- f mgv N
{]hrn-Zn-h-k-am-I-bm Av sshInv C{Xbpw P\-qw hN\w

26

27

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

tIm hcp-Xv XnIpw Akm-[m-c-W-am-bn-cp-p. Cu cp aonwKp-I-fnepw i-amb ssZhnIm`n-tjIw Zriy-am-bn-cp-p. AXn-\p-apv

Hcn-epw C-c-n-ep DWv Zin-n-nm-bn-cp Fs kw_n-n-S-tmfw Cu ssZhnIki\w XnIpw Ap-X-Icw Xsbm-bn-cp-p.
]ntv Rm a{Zm-kn\v ]pd-sv B ]-W-n-em-bn-cp `-knwKns\ kin-p. sslZcm-_m-Znse ktlm-Z-c-m-cn\npw DWnt\-p-dnv CXn-\Iw tI Atlw AhnsS aonw-Kp-I XpS-cmsX
aSntmXv Fn-\m-sW-mWv FtmSv tNmZn--Xv. sNd-p-m-c\m-bn-cp Rm Ccw BnI DWp-I-sf-p-dnv ]cn-N-b-an-m-h-\m-bn-cp--Xn-\m Fp-sN-Ww F-dn-bmsX hnj-an-p. GXmbmepw ssZhw Ahn-Sps ip{iq-j-bn Fs D]-tbm-Kn-p-hm
B{K-ln-pp F Imcyw hniz-kn-p-hm ta]-d A\p-`hw
Fs Dm-ln-n-p. sslZcm_m-Znse DWns h-am\w ]c-tm ap-]e k`-I-fnepw ssZh-h-N\w {]kw-Kn-m-\mbn F\nv
ssZhw Xs hmXn-ep-I Xpd-p.
sslZcm_m-Zn-tev Hcp ip{iqj At\z-jn- Rm t]mb-Xv.
Fs lrZ-b-ns B{Klw Imhp am{X-am-bn-cp-p. Fm
Xs ip{iq-j-bn Fs D]-tbm-Kn-p-hm ssZh-n\v ]Xn Dmbn-cpp; Rm AXn\v Hcp--am-bn-cpp Xm\pw. X-k-a-b-v--A-hnSpv \n-bn ka-bpXt--ip-{iq-j-bvmbn F\nv Hcp hmXn
Xpd-p-I-Xs sNbvXp. Rm kzbta Hcp ]cn{i-ahpw \S-m-sX-Xs.
\n ssZhs hniz-kn-p-Ibpw B{i-bn-p-Ibpw sNp-sa-n
\np-th-n-bp ssZhn-I-]--Xn-tbbpw ip{iq-j-tbbpw XS-bphm Hcp a\p-jy\pw Ign-bp-I-bn.

28

9
{]m-\bvv adp-]Sn
Rm sImn-bnse \mhnImh-f-n tPmen sNbvXn-cp
Imew. {_Z `-knw-Kns {]h-\--fpsS Bm-\-am-bn-cp
sslZcm-_m-Zn Fm hjhpw HIvtSm-_ amk-n 'tlmfn
sImshm-t-j' Fv Adn-b-s-n-cp \hoIcWkt-f-\-
\Sp hn-cp-p. 1963se {]kvXp-X-k-t-f-\--fn kw_-n-Ww
F AXn-bmb B{Klw aqew Rm HIvtSm-_ Hmw XobXn Ah[nv At]-n-p-Ibpw sslZcm-_m-Znse slt{_m s^tem-jn-n
kt-f\w \S-p Znh-k--fn F\nv Ah[n A\p-h-Zn-p-Ibpw
sNbvXp. Fm Hcm-gvNbvp tijw \mhnItk\-bpsS Bm-\p
\npw sImn \mhnImh-f-n Hcp ktiw e`n-p-I-bp-m-bn.
HIvtSm-_ amk-ns ssakq-cn \S-p Hcp {]Zi-\-n
\mhnItk\bpw ]s-Sp-t--Xp-v F-Xm-bn-cpp kt-i-ns
D-Sw. Fs Hm^o-knse asmcp DtZym-K-\v {]kvXpX {]Zi\-n kw_-n-t--Xn-\m At-l-ns Hgnhp \nI-m
Fs \ntbm- K n- p- I bpw Fs Ah[n dm- p- I bpw sNbv X p.
slt{_m-\nse B hjs kt-f-\-n kw_-n-m-sa-p
Fs Fm {]Xo-bpw AtXmsS AkvX-an-p.
HIvtSm-_ amkw 12mw XobXn Fs {]`mX[ym\-n-\mbn 2 iapth cm-as Aym-b-am-bn-cpp Rm hmbn--Xv. Hm-as
hmIyw ]d-bpp ""blq-Z-bnse GsX-nepw ]-W-n-tev Rm
t]mtI-Wtam Fv ZmhoZv btlm-h-tbmSv Acp-f-mSv tNmZn--tm
btlmh Ah-t\mSv \o t]mIpI Fv AcpfnsbvXp.'' sslZcm-_m-Zntev t]mIm-\p Im-hns hmp-I-fmbn B hN-\- F\nv
tXmn. AtX kabw ap Ime--fn kw`-hn-n-p--Xp-t]mse Fs
kz B{K-l-sf Xr]vXn-s-Sp-m-\mbn Hcp hN\w Rm Isn-b-XmtWm F Nnbpw a\-n-ep-Zn-p. ""Fhn-tS-mWv Rm
t]mtI-Xv?'' Fv ZmhoZv XpSv tNmZn-p-tm ""slt{_m-\n-tev""
F btlm-h-bpsS adp-]-Sn-bmWv Rm XpSp hmbn---Xv. "slt{_m\n-tev' F kqN\ Fs Ap-X-s-Sp-pI Xs sNbvXp.
29

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

slt{_m Iqmbva tbmK--fn-tev Rm t]mIWw Fp XsbmIpw Im-hns lnXw. XpSv Rm C{]-Imcw {]mnp.
""Imth Fs Ah-[n- d-m-n-bXv XncplnX-{]-Im-c-sa-n ktmj-]qw Rm AXv AwKo-I-cn-p-p. Fm Rm slt{_m-\ntev t]mIp--Xns\ XS-bm-\p kmms {ia-amWv AsX-nAhnSps \ma-n Rm AXn-t\mSv FXnp \np-p.'' hnja-I-c-amb kml-N-cy-sf A`nap-Jo-I-cn-p-tm aphnizm-kn-I-tfmSv
Hcpa\-sv {]mn-phm Imhv In-n-p Imcyw F\nv
Adn-bm-am-bn-cpp (am.18:19) Rm As\ {]mn-p-Ibpw
sNbvXp.
Ap-Xs
- ap ]d-bs cp-Zn-hk
-
- p tijw \mhn-It- k-\b
- psS
Bm-\-p-\npw Adn-bnv e`np ssakq-dn \S-p {]Zi-\n \mhn-I-tk\ ]s-Sp-p-X Fv. F\nv sslZcm-_m-Zntev t]mIp-hm Ah[n e`n-p. Ahn-Sps a-fn \nm-c-\mb
Hcp sNdp-m-c-\p-thn ssZhw A[n-Im-c-ns D-X -X-e--fn
t]mepw {]hn-pp F kXyw Fs XnIpw hnkva-b-`-cn-X\m-n.
B kt-f-\-n hj--fmbn `-knwKv ]nXp-Sp hncp Hcp ]cn-Nbw BZy-ambn ewLn-p-I-bp-m-bn. apn-et ]Xn\p hj--fnepw Ghpw A[nIw P\m-hen ]s-Sp-n-cp cm{Xn
tbmK--fn Atlw Xs-bm-bn-cpp ssZh hN\w {]kw-Kn-n-cp-Xv. Xs Ghpw apXn kl-{]-h-Isctmepw {][m-\-s Cu
ip{iqj Atlw G]n-n-cp-n-. Fm Cu {]mhiyw Hcp Znhks cm{Xn-tbm-K-n Am-bn-c-n-e-[nIw hcp P\-q--tmSv
{]kw-Kn-p-hm 23 hb-p-am{Xw {]mb-ap FtmSv Bh-iy-s-Sp-Ibp-m-bn. Fs BZys A\p-`-h-am-bn-cpp C{X-b-[nIw P\-tmtfmSv ssZh hN\w kwkm-cn-p--Xv. ssZhw Fs A`n-tjIw sNpIbpw Ahn-Sps hN-\-ns hmXn Xpdp Xcn-Ibpw sNbvXp.
(""]pXnb Xfn-I-bnse Dv'' F Xe-s-n Av Rm \Inb
ktiw Cs\-nse Fs sh_vssk-n \nv hmbn-m
Ign-bpw-http://poonen.org/zac)
B aonw-Kn Rm A\p-`-hn Akm-[m-cWamb BkzmX{y
hpw t{imXm--fpsS {]Xn-I-c-Whpw F\nv henb Dmlw Xp.
`knwKv Cu hkvXpX AwKo-I-cn-p-Ibpw XpSv ]e e-fnepw Xtm-sSmv s]mXp-tbm-K--fn kwkm-cn-p-hm FtmSv
30

Bh-iy-s-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. ssZhhN\w {]kw-Kn-m-\mbn Imhv

Fs hnfn-p-Ibpw A`n-tjIw \Ip-I-bpw sNbvXn-cn-pp Fv
F\nv t_my-am-bn. Rm kwkm-cn-p hN-\-sf ssZhw Xs
Dd-nv sNdp--m-c-\mb Fs lrZ-bs Dd-n-t-Xv Bh-iy-ambn-cpp Xm\pw. Ggp amk-n\p tijw ]q-k-a-bhpw Im-hns
the-bn Bbn-cn-m-\mbn Ahn-Spv Fs hnfn--tm Cu Ddv
henb klm-b-am-bn-cp-p. hnizm-k-ns {]m-\-bpsS AXy-[n-Iamb in F\nv t_my-s Hcp k`-am-bn-cpp ta]-d
kw`-hw. sFIyns Bm-hn kl-hn-izm-kn-I-tfm-sSmw {]mnp--Xns {]m[m-\yhpw F\nv hy-am-bn. hnizm-k-tmSpw Hcp-a\-spw ssZh-a- {]mn-p-tm {InkvXp-hns kIe A[nIm-chpw Ahmbn shfn-s-p-hcpw.
1963 HIvtSm-_dn \mhn-I-tk\ ssakq-dnse {]Zi-\-n ]sSp-n-cp-s-n F\nv slt{_m-\n t]mIm Ign-bp-I-bn-m-bn-cpp. Ipsd-qsS hnim-e-amb Hcp ip{iqj F\n-mbn ssZhw Hcp-nbn-p-v F t_myw F\n-p-m-bXv {]kvXpX kt-f-\-n-emWv. {]Xn-Zn\w ssZhs {in-p-Ibpw Xncp-h-N-\-{]-Imcw {]mnp-Ibpw sNp ]cn-Nbw F\n-n-m-bn-cp-s-n Fs kml-Ncys amn--cp-hm-\mbn Rm {]mn-n-m-bn-cp-p. Atm-gp
ssZh-lnXw F\nv \jvS-am-Ip-Ibpw sNbvtX-t\. B {]tXyI k`n Ahn-Sps ip{iq-j-bvmbn Ap-X-I-c-amb hn[-n ssZhw
Hcp hmXn Xpdp Xn-m-bn-cp-s-n AXyp-X
- \
- mb ssZh-ns
Hcp Zmk-\m-bn-cn-p--Xn\p ]Icw \mhn-I-tk-\-bn tIhew Hcp
AUvan-d-embn Rm Ah-km-\n-t-t\.

31

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

10
km-n-p-hm-\p ss[cyw
1964 sImn-bnse \mhnImh-f-n Rm tPmen sNbvXncp Imew. Rm {im-]qw ssZh-hN
- \w ]Tn-n-cp-X
- n-\m F\nv
A\p-{K-l-{]-Z-ambn o Xncp-h-N\kXy- Rm kw_-n-ncp k`-bnse AwK--fp-ambn ]n-Sp-hm F\nv henb XmXv]-cyam-bn-cp-p. Rm sNdp--am-bn-cp--Xn-\m B k`-bn ssZh-h-N\w
kwkm-cn-p-hm-\p Ah-kcw F\nv \In-bn-cp-n-. Bcp-sSbpw
{]tXyIm\p-hmZw Bh-iy-an-msX ssZh-h-N\w {]kw-Kn-m Ign-bp
HcnSw Rm Is-n. sImnbnse sXcp-hp-I-fn kphn-tijw {]kwKn-p-hm Rm Xocp-am-\n-p. BgvN-bn cp Xh-W, D-h-sc-bp
Fs tPmen ]qn-bm-nb tijw D`Ww shSnv cp-aqp
aWn-q {]m-\-bn sNe-h-gn--tijw cp-a-Wn-q sXcp-hp-Ifn kphn-tijw Adn-bn-p-hm CS-bm-bn. ae-bmf`mj-bn kpK-aambn kwkm-cn-p-hm F\nv Ign-hn-m-Xn-cp--Xn-\m {]kwKw ]cn`mjsSp-m asmcp ktlm-Z-c-t\bpw Iqn-bm-bn-cpp Rm t]mbncp--Xv. sXcp-tm-Wp-I-fn \np-sImv R Hcp ]mns CucSn-I ]mSn-p-S-pw. Ap-]-p-t] sshImsX Rp-Nppw
hp IqSpw. Ah-tcmSv Ap-an-\nv kabw kphn-tijw {]kw-Kn-pIbpw Nne eLp-te-J-I tIhn-mv hnX-cWw sNp-Ibpw
sNbvX tijw ASp sXcp- h n- t ev \opw. Ahn- s Sbpw
tadXpt]mse Xs sNp-am-bn-cp-p.
XpS--n \mhnImh-f-n \npw hfsc Zqsc-bp e-fn ]cn-N-b-an-m--h-cpsS ay-n-em-bn-cpp kphn-tijw ]c-kyambn Adn-bn--Xv. ]cn-N-b-m-cpsS \Sp-hn {]kw-Kn-m-\p ss[cyw
F\n-n-m-bn-cpp F-XmWv kXyw. Fm F\nv ss[cyw \Iphm-\mbn Rm ssZh-tmSv tNmZn-p-sIm-t-bn-cp-p. Fs {]m\bvv cp hn[-n ssZhw adp-]Sn \In. apsm-cn- kqNn-n-Xp-t]mse ]cn-ip-m-m-hns A`n-tj-I-ns Hcp Afhv Rm
t\c-t-Xs A\p-`-hn-n-cp-p. s]-tmkvXp\mfn-\p-tijw Atm32

kvX-e-mv hopw hopw Bm-hn-\m \nd-b-s-tS-Xv Bhiy-am-bn-cp--Xp-t]mse ]c-ky-ambn tbip-hns\ kmn-p-hm-\p

ss[cyw e`n-p-hm F\npw Bm-hn-\m \nd-b-s-tS-Xv Bhiy-am-sW Imcyw Rm Is-n ({]-hr-n-I 4:31). cm-a-Xmbn
tbip-{In-kvXp-hns ]c-am-[n-Im-c-s-n ssZhw F\nv Hcp shfnmSpXs Xcn-I-bp-m-bn. D]npkvXIw 41mw Aymb-ns
44mw hmIy-n ^d-thm tbmtk-^n-t\mSv ]d-bpp:''\ns A\phmZw CmsX an{k-bo-an-sem-cn-Spw bmsXm-cp-\pw ssItbm Imtem
A\-p-I-bn''. Cu thZ-`m-Kv tbmtk-^ns\ {InkvXp-hns Hcp
\ng-embn mWp-hm CS-bm-b-Xn-eq-sS-bmWv ta-d shfn-mSv
e`n--Xv. {InkvXp-hns A\p-hmZw IqSmsX Fs ]cn-l-kn-p-hm
Hcp \mthm Fs D]-{Z-hn-p-hm Hcp Ictam Nen-p-I-bn F
kXyw Fs XnIpw ss[cy-s-Sp-n. BZy-ambn Hcp ]c-kytbmK
aty Nne Fs ]nimNv Fv hnfn--tmgpw ssZhw A\p-hmZw
sImSp-n-mWv Ahv AXv sNm Ign-Xv Fv hy-am-bn-cpp. ]nm-ev Fs {InkvXob ip{iq-j-bn {]Xn-Iq-e-sf t\cnSp-hm Fs io-I-cn-Xv Cu shfn-m-Sm-bn-cp-p.
""kIe PmXn-I-sfbpw injy-cm-n-smhn'' F I-\bvp
apv ''kzKnepw `qan-bnepw kIe A[n-Im-chpw F\nv \I-sn-cn-pp'' Fv tbip- injymtcmSv Acp-fn-s-bvX-Xns ImcWw
F\nv a\-n-em-bn (am 28:1820). Rm {InkvXp-hns\ {]kw-Knphm t]mIp- n- S - s m- s bpw Ahn- S ps A[n- I mcw Fs
XpWbvpw Fv F\nv Dd-p-m-bn-cp-p. As\ ]cn-ip-m-mhns A`n-tj-Ihpw {InkvXp-hns A[n-Im-c-ns Ddpw \mhn-Im-h-f-n-\-Spv \nv kphn-tijw {]kw-Kn-m-\p ss[cyw
F\nv \In. Fs tae-[n-Im-cn-Ifpw Fs Iogn tPmen-sN-bvXncp--hcpw Fmw Fs kphn-tij {]kw-KI\mbn {in-p. Fm
CsXmpw Fs Atijw Akz--\m-nbXpan-.
XpSv kv q- d n cp hmIy- Fgp- X p- h m Imhv
FtmSv Bh-iy-s-p. ""\ns ssZhs FXn-tcm Hcp-nsmI,'' ""{InkvXp \psS ]m]-p-thn acnp'' Fo
hN-\- henb A-c--fn Fs kvIq-dns Ccp-h-i--fnepw
Fgp-Xp-I-bp-m-bn. \mhn-I-tk-\-bpsS IamU Cu hN\ Itm 24 aWn-q-dp-IIw CXv ambn-p-I-f-bWw Fv Bm-]np. ssZhw ]d--Xp-sIm-mWv Rm Cu hN-\- Fgp-Xn-bXv
33

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

Fv Rm _lp-am-\-]p-c-cw At-l-tmSv ]d-p. ]ntpw

AtX hN-\- kvIq-dns Ccp-h-ipw ImW-s--Xn-\m \mhn-Im-hfnse Iym]vs apn-tev Fs ]d--b-p. (A-\p-k-cW-t-Sn\v tImv amj F in \S-m-p--Xns BZy-]-Snbm-bn-cpp CXv.) Iym]v-t\mSpw XnI _lp-am-\-tmsS CtX adp]-Sn-Xs ]d-p. Atlw Fp-sImtm FtmSv IcpW ImWnbpw in-\ImsX Fs ]d--b-bvp-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]t
hmIy- Fgp-Xnb kvIq-dp-ambn \mhn-I-m-h-f-n-\p-n bm{X
sNp- h m ]mSn Fv \njv jn- p- I bpw sNbv X p. Xqew
XpSp Znh-k--fn kvq shfn-bn-ep Hcp kplr-ns
hon kqn-nv \mhnImh-f-n Rm Hcp sskn D]tbm-Kn-m XpS-n.
kvq-dn Fgp-Xnb hN-\--fn-eqsS \mhnImh-f-n-eqsS Fmh-tcmSpw kphn-tijw Adn-bn-p-hm-\p Fs DZy-as XS-bpIhgn
kmm hnP-bnp F Nn Fs Aev]w \ncm-i-\m-n. Fm
Fm-bvtmgpw F t]mse Cu k`-nepw ki-\mb
ssZhw Pb-sa-Sp-p-I-bm-Wp-m-b-Xv. Rm ]Xn-hn\p hn]-co-X-ambn
sskn bm{X sNp--Xp-Iv Pnm-km-`-cn-X-cmbn Fm-hcpw
FmWv kw`-hn--sXv tNmZn-p-hm XpS-p-Ibpw Rm kvq-

dn Fgp-Xnb hN-\- hfsc thK-n \mhnImh-f-n {]Ncn-m CS-bm-Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp. hj-ptijw As Fs

Nne kl-{]-h-Isc Rm Ipapnb-tm Ah B hN-\-
Atmgpw Hmp-p-m-bn-cp-p! As\ ssZhw kmms ]Xnsb XInSwadn-p-Ibpw Fs a\p-jy-cpsS A`n-{]m-b--fn \npw
kzX-{-\mb, IpsdqsS ss[cy-im-en-bmb, Hcp hnizm-kn-bmn
op-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]nm-ev Fs ip{iqjmcwK--fn Cu
ss[cyw henb apXq-mbn ocp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Bm-hns A`n-tj-Ihpw {InkvXp-hns ]c-am-[n-Im-chpw Cu
cp Imcy- `qanbpsS GXp-tIm-Wn Rm hN\w {]kw-Kn-m
\np-tmgpw Fs _ehpw klm-bhpw BbnpS-cp-p. Fm
Cu ssZhnIkXy- Rm BZy-ambn ]Tn-Xv \m-Xp-hjp apv Fd-Wm-Ipfw ]-W-ns sXcp-hp-I-fn-em-bn-cp-p.

kvIq-dn ssZh-h-N-\- FgpXnPqsse 1964

34

35

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

11
\mhnItk\hnS-m-\p ssZhhnfn
1964 sabv amkw Bdmw Xob-Xn-bpsS {]`m-Xw. Cy \mhnI
tk\-bnse DtZym-K-n \nv Ah-[n-sb-Spv {_Z `-knw-Kn-t\msSmw _mwqcn\-Sp-p Hcp sNdnb ]-W-n Nne {]tXy-Itbm-K--fn ssZh-h-N\w {]kw-Knp Xo k`w. `-knw-Kns
Ipsd kl-{]-h-I-tcm-sSmv Rm Xoh-n-bn _mwq ]-Wn-tev aSbm{X sNp-I-bm-bn-cp-p. As Fs thZ-hmb\m `mKw sbim 49mw Aym-b-ambncpp. ssZh-h-N\w [y\n-psIm-n-cn-p-tm tPmen-hnv apgp-h ka-bhpw ssZh-th-e-sN-m\mbn Ahn-Spv Fs hnfn-p-I-bm-sW i-amb Hcp Nn Fnep-m-bn. Ipsd \mfmbn Acw Hcp Imcyspdnv Rm Nnnp-p-m-bn-cp-p. 1959 c-tb-p-dn-p hy-amb t_myw
Dm-b-tmXs Rm Im-hn-t\mSv ]d-n-cp-p, Ahn-Spv
Fs hnfn-p GXp ka-bpw \mhn-I-tk-\-bnse Fs DtZymKw
cmPn-h-bvm Rm Xm-dm-sW-v. Fm Im-hns hyamb hnfn t_my-amb tijta tPmen cmPn-sh-bvp-I-bpq Fv
Rm Xocp-am-\n-n-cp-p.
alm-k-ap-{Z- Xmn temIw ImWp-hm\pw [mcmfw ]Ww kmZn-p-hm\pw \mhn-I-tk-\-bpsS Xe-h-\mb AUvan-d BIp-hm\pw apap Fs kz]v\--tfm-sSmw t\ct Xt Rm hnS ]d-n-cpp. Fm ssZh-ns the-bn apgp-h ka-bhpw Fs Bhiy-aptm Fv F\nv hy-ambpw Adn-tb-n-bn-cp-p. hnhn[ e-fn- ssZh-h-N\w {]kw-Kn-p-tm-sgms Fs ip{iq-jsb
Imhv A\p-{K-ln-p--Xmbn Is-n. `mc-X-n-ep-S-\ofw ssZhh-N\w {]tLm-jn-p-hm-\p `mcw Fs Dn hn-p-hc
- p-X
- mbpw
Rm Is-n.
C{]-Im-c-ap Hcp am\-kn-Im-h--bn-em-bn-cpp Av Imev
Rm sbim {]h-N\w 49mw Aymbw hmbn--Xv. Fs A-bpsS
36

DZ-c-n hp-Xs Ahn-Sps Zmk-\m-bn-cn-m Imhv Fs

hnfn-X
- mbn B Aym-b
- n \npw (1,5 hmIy-) F\nv t_myam-bn. Fs \mhns\ aq-bp Hcp hmfmn Ahn-Spv amn-bn-cnpp Fp Rm {Kln-p (hmIyw 2). hSpw ]Sn-m-dp-ap tZi-fn \npw ssN\-bn \npw P\w ssZh-h-N\w tIp-hm
hcpw (hmIyw 12), FtmSv t]mcm-Sp--h-tcmSv
ssZhw-Xs t]mcm-Spw, Fs ]p{X-m Fmhcpw cn--sSpw (hmIyw 25) XpSn B
Aym-b
- n-ep ap-]e
- h
- m-Km-Zm-\
- sf Ipdnsmpw B ka- b v Rm Nnn- n- .
Fm Cv 40 hj-p tijw ssZhw
B hmKvZm-\--sfmw \nd-th-n-bn-cn-p-p.
Fm B Znhkw (1964 sabv 6mw XobXn)
sbim 49mw Aym-b-n \npw Rm
Hcp Imcyw-am{Xw hy-ambn IXv ssZhw
Fs ]q-k-abip{iq-jb
- vmbn hnfn-n-cnpp F-Xm-Wv. \mhn-I-tk-\-bn \np
cmPn-hb
- vp-hm B ka-bp Xs Rm
Xocp-am\w FSp-p.
Xoh-n-bn hv Rm Cu Xocp-am\w
FSpv Nne an\n-p-I Ign--tm Rtfm-sSmw AtX hn-bn bm{X sNbvXncp `-knwKv Fs ASpv hv tNmZnp-I-bm-Wv, ''\mhn-I-tk-\-bnse tPmen Ftv hnSm-\mWv \o Nnn-p-Xv?'' AXphsc At-l-tm-sS--, am-tcmSpw Xs
Cu hnj-b-n-ep Fs Nn-I Rm
]p-h
- n-nmbncp-X
- n-\m B tNmZyw Fs
sXv Ap-X-s-Sp-p-I-Xs sNbvXp. B
t\hn-bn
Imev Hcp bYmssZh- a - \ p- j y- \ mbn
se^v-\ v
Rm `-knw-Kns\ _lp-am-\n-n-cp-p. Atl-ns hmp-I Nne an\n-p-Ip ap]v Fs lrZ-b-n
Rm tI ssZh-i_vZs Hp-IqSn Dd-n-p--h-bm-bn-cp-p. ssZh`r-Xys hmp-I {ihn-p--Xn-\p-apv Im-hns hmp-I
BZyw {ihn-p-hm CS-bmbn F-Xn Rm kp-jvS-\m-Wv. ]utemkn\pw _-_m-kn\w ssZhn-I-hnfn Dm-b-Xn\p tijw am{X-amWv
37

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

Ah ap {]hm-N-I-m-cpsS i_vZw tIXv Fv {]hr-n-I 13s

2mw hmIy-n \mw ImWp--Imcyw Cu k`-n kvac-Wo-bam-Wv.
XpSp Znh-k--fn ssZhw Xs hnfn-tb-p-dnv asmcp thZ`m-K-n-eqsS Fs lrZ-bs hopw Dd-n-p-I-bp-m-bn. ambn
kphn-tijw 14s 29mw hN-\-n Imhv ]t{Xm-kn-t\mSv ]SIn \nn-dn IS-en aotX \S-p-hm hnfn-p `mK-am-bn-cpp
AXv. AtX Imhv Ftbpw Fs ]S-In \nn-dn hnizm-kns \S-n-\mbn (sh--n aotX \S-p-hm-\m-bn) hnfn-p-I-bmbn-cp-p. Fs Fm Bh-iy-mbpw Im-hns\ am{Xw t\mn
Pohn-m-\p Hcp hnfn-bm-bn-cpp AXv.
Hpw sshImsX \mhn-I-tk-\-bnse tae-[n-Im-cn-Iv Rm Fs
cmPn-v \evIn. Im-hmb tbip-{InkvXp Fs Ahn-Sps thebvmbn hnfn-n-cn-p--Xn-\m tPmen cmPn-h-bvpp FmWv Rm
In ]d-n-cp-Xv. Fm Ccw Hcp ImcWw \mhn-I-tk-\bpsS Bm-\-n-cn-p--hv {Kln-m _pn-ap-m-bn-cp--Xn-\m
Ah Fs At] \nc-kn-p-I-bm-Wp-m-Xv. C\n Fp-sN-Ww
Fmbn Fs Nn. ssZhs Bcm-[n-p-hm bn{km-tb P\s
^d-thm hn-b-bvm aSn-Im-Wn--tm tami sNbvXXpXs sNphm Imhv Fs Hmn-n-p. tamsi hopw A`y-\-bpambn ^d-thms kn-[n-bn-se-n-b-Xp-t]mse hopw Ipsd-qsS
hni-Z-ambn BZyw ]d Imc-Ww-Xs ]dv cmPn-v \In.
\mhn-I-tk-\-bn t\cnv Hm^o-k ]Z-hn-bn sXc-s-Sp--s--h
]ncnbpw apv Ipd ]w 20 hjw \n_-n-X-ambn tkh\w
sNWw F hyh--bp-m-bn-cp-p. {]Xn-tcm[ a{m-ebw Ccw
Hm^o-k-dpsS ]cn-io-e-\-n-\mbn `oa-amb XpI sNe-h-gn-n-cns
Ccw Hcp hyh a\-n-em-m-hp--tX-bp-p. Fs At]
hopw \nc-kn--s-Sp-I-bm-Wp-m-b-Xv. Rm {]mn-p-sIm-t-bncp-p. Nne amk-p tijw hopw aqm-aXv Hcp {]mhiyw IqSn
Rm tPmen-bn \npw ]ncn-bm-\mbn At] Ab-p. Ap-Xsap ]d-bs, 1966 sabv amkw \mhn-I-tk-\-bn \np ]ncn-bm
F\nv A\p-hmZw e`n-p. AXv Hcp ApXw Xs-bm-bn-cp-p tbip{In-kvXp-hns tkh-\-n-\mbn cmPn-h-bvm A\p-hmZw \I-s
GI hyn, \mhn-I-tk-\-bpsS Ncn-{X-n, Rm am{X-am-bn-cpp.
ssZh-hn-fn-bpsS Ghpw henb Ddv Ccw Hcp Ap-X-n-eqsS
38

Ahn-Spv shfn-s-Sp-p-I-bm-bn-cp-p.
Im-hns Hcp Zmk-s\ \ne-bn Rm t\cn-tSn h \nch[n ]co--I-fn Fs \ne-\nn-bXv ssZhw Ahn-Sps ip{iqj-bvmbn Fs hnfn--XmWv F hy-amb Dd-m-Wv. ssZh-n
\np hy-amb Hcp hnfn e`n-n--msX apgp-h kab {InkvXobthembn Cdnpd-s-S-cpXv Fv hnizm-kn-Isf Rm Hmn-n-p-Xv
Cu Imc-W-m-em-Wv. ssZhw \nsf hnfn-m Pohn-Xm-h-km\w hsc
Ahn-Spv \nsf Ahn-Sps the-bn Xmn \npw. Ign 38
hj--fmbn Im-hns\ tkhn-pI FXv Fs kw_-n-n-Stmfw Ghpw Xr]vXn-I-c-amb A\p-`-h-am-bn-cnp-p.

""Ghpw anI tIUn''\p AhmUv kzoI-cn-p-p.

(sabv 1958)
A-Uvan-d ]Z-hn-bn-te-bvp {]mcw-`-]-Sn!!

39

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

Bbn-c-n-sm-mbncn Adp-]-n-bmdv sabvam-k-n-emWv

]q-k-a-bhpw Im-hns the-bvmbn Rm \mhn-I-tk-\-bn
\npw ]ncn--Xv. Ahn-hm-ln-X-\m-bn-cp Rm Xan-gv\m-nse shqcn Xma-kn-p-sImv CUy-bpsS ]e `mK--fn-tepw bm{X sNbvXv
{InkvXobip{iq-jbn Gs-Sm Xocp-am-\n-n-cp-p. 1967 HIvtSm-_
amkw Al--Zm-_m-Zn hp \S-p tImtfPv hnZymn-I-fp-sSbpw
_ncp-Z-[m-cn-I-fp-sSbpw Hcp Iymn hN\w {]kw-Kn-m F\nv
Ww Inn. Chm- - e n- {KmPp- t hv k v s^tem- j nv F
{InkvXobkwL-S-\-bm-bn-cpp {]kvXpX Iymv kwL-Sn-n-n-cp--Xv.
cp-Zn-h-ks Xoh-n-bm-{X-bvp-tijw Rm Hcp Znhkw {]`m-Xn Al--Zm-_m-Zn Fn-tp. Iymns Hmw Znhkw
Xs, Rm Fnb Znhkw Xs, shq-cn Xma-kn-n-cp Fs
]nXm-hn \npw ASn-b-n-c-amb Hcp Inktiw F\nv Inn.
shq {InkvXy saUn- tImf-Pnse tUmIvSam Xs AkpJw
Iymk BsWv Is-n-sbpw DSXs Hcp ikv{X-{Inbbvv hnt[-b-\m-tI--Xp-v Fp-am-bn-cpp In-k-t-iw. aqv afn Rm aqbm Bbn- c p- - X n- \ mepw Cfb ktlm- Z - c -
Atm CUypshfn-bn Bbn-cp--Xn-\m-epw, Hm-td-js kabv Acn-In Dm-bn-cn-m F{Xbpw s]sv shq-cn aS-nsb-Ww Fpw Fs ]nXmhv Bh-iy-s-n-cpp.
Fp-sN-Ww Fv Rm Acp. Iymn Fs-q-SmsX
asmcp {]kw-K-IIqsS Dm-bn-cp--Xn-\m Fs kml-Ncyw hniZo-I-cn-m Iymns kwLm-S-I F\nv DSs\ aS-n-tm-cm A\phmZw \In-tb-s\. Rm aS-n-tm-m cm-as {]kw-K-I\v
hf-sc-b-[nIw `mcw hln-t-n-hcpw F Nnbpw Fs Dn
Dm-bn-cp-p. {]kvXpXIymn ssZh-h-N\w {]kw-Kn-p--Xn
\npw Fs XS-bp-hm-\p kmms Hcp X{-amtWm CsXv
Rm kwi-bn-p. Bb-Xn-\m Cu hnj-b-n ssZh-lnXw hy-

ambn Adn-bp-hm Rm a\-p-h-p.

Fm-Zn-h-khpw {]`m-X-n XpS-bmbn ssZh-h-N-\-nse Nne
Aym- b - {Ia- a mbn hmbn- p ioew F\n- p- m- b n- c p- p.
As Fs hmb-\-bvp thZ-`mKw Bh\]pkvXIw Hmw
Aymbw Bbn-cp-p. aqpw Ggpw hmIy--fn Rm C{]-Imcw
hmbnp: ""]Xn-s\mmw amk-ns Hmw XobXn ssZhw Ah-tcmSp
]d-p..... \n Xncnv bm{X sNbvXp.... t]mIp-I.'' Al--Zm-_mZn\npw Rm Fv aS-n-tm-tcWw Fv ssZhw FtmSv ]d-bpI-bt Fv F\nv B thZ-`mKw hmbn--tm tXmn. k`n\npw ths]-Spn Hcp thZ-`mKw FSpv ssZhnI\S-nv
Is-p ioew F\n-n-m-bn-cp-p. AXv A]-I-S-I-c-amb Hcp ]cnN-b-am-sWv F\nv Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-p. Fm A]qhw k`-fn ssZhw Ahn-Sps Zmk-msc A{]-Imcw \bn-n-pv F
hkvXp-Xbpw F\nv Hm hp. AXp-sImv Rm ssZh-k-n-[nbn {]mnv Im-hns CjvS-n-\mbn ImtXmp-sIm-n-cpp. Cu hN\w ssZh- n- s - l nXw shfn- s - S p- p- - X m- b p
Dt_myw hn-p-h-cn-Ibpw lrZ-b-n IqSp-X kzX DmIp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Rm dbnth tj-\nt]mbn ]Xn-s\mmw amkw
Hmw Xob-Xn-bn-tev aS--bm-{X-bvp Snv _pp-sN-p-Ibpw
sNbvXp. \hw-_ Hmw XobXn Iymv Xocp--Xns Xte-Zn-hkw
Bbn-cp-p. Xqew HSp-hn-et Znh-kt cmhn-te-bp Hcp aonwKv
am{Xta F\nv Hgn-hm-tn hcn-I-bpp F-Xmbn nXn. ]nXmhns Hm-td-j Hcm-gvN-tbvv amn-sh-bvm Rm Hcp Ink-tiw Ap-Xs shq-tcv Ab-bvp-Ibpw sNbvXp. (Cu k`n CXp hmbn-p Fm-h-tcmSpw Hcp ap-dn-bnv \Im-\p-v.
ss__n-fn \n hmbn-p Hmtcm hN-\-nepw AZv`pX-I-c-amb
ssZhm-tem-N\ Is-m \n {ian--cp-Xv. Ign 46 hjs
{InkvXobPohn-X-n ctm aqtm k`--fn am{Xta ssZhh-N-\-nte Hcp hN-\-n-eqsS Ccw Ap-X-I-c-amb Hcp \S-nv
ssZhw F\nv Xn-p-p.)
Iymn DS-\ofw hnhn[kt-f-\--fn Rm ssZh-h-N\w
kwkm-cn-p-Ibpw R-fpsS CS-bn Im-hns A\p-{Klw karn-bmbn A\p-`-hn-m CS-bm-Ibpw sNbvXp. apXp hj-v
tijw B Iymn Fn-eqsS {ihn ssZhnIkt-i- Xsf
F{X-b[
- nIw A\p-{K-ln-bpw shp-hn-fn-bpw sNbvXp Fv kmn

40

41

12
Ap
pX-Ic-amb ssZhnI
p
\S-nv

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

Nnesc Ip-ap-p-hm CS-bm-bn-p-v. Iymn-\p-tijw \hw-_ Hmw

XobXn Rm aS-n-tm-cp-Ibpw cp-Zn-h-ks bm{X-bvp-tijw
shq-cn Fn-t-cp-Ibpw sNbvXp.

13

Hcm-gvN-I-gnt Rm aS-n-sb-p-I-bpp F Fs In-ktiw e`n Fs ]nXmhv B CS-th-f-bn asmcp hnZ-Kv-\mb

tUmIvS-dpsS A`n-{]m-bw-IqSn Bcm-bm Xocp-am-\n-p. FIvkvtd, ]cnN-b-k---\mb Hcp tdUn-tbm-f-Pn-nt\ ImWn--tm ApXw
Fp ]d-b-s, Atlw Fs ]nXm-hn\v Imk tcmK-ns
bmsXmcp e-Whpw C Fv Xd-nv ]d-bp-I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv.
Xqew Hcp ikv{X-{In-b-bpsS Bh-iyhpw C F \nK-a-\-n-emWv
B tUmIvS Fn-t-Xv. ssZh-ns \S-nv Rm A\p-k-cn-Xn-\m Fs ]nXm-hn\v ikv{X-{In-bbvv hnt[-b-\m-tI-n-h-n-.
Fp-am-{X-a-, Imk tcmK-_m-[-bn-msX XpSpw 15 hjw
Atlw Pohn-n-cn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

sNdnb Xocp-am-\--fpsS
{]m[m\yw

Fs ]nXm-hns In-k-tiw Innb DS Rm shqv ]pds-n-cp-s-n {]mbw-sN Atlw A\m-h-iy-amb Hcp ikv{X-{Inbbvv hnt[-b-\m-tI-n-h-t-s\. B {]mb-n ikv{X-{In-b-bpsS
`mK-ambn as-smw _pn-ap-p-I Dm-Ip-am-bn-cpp Fv Bdnbmw? am{X-a, Al--Zm-_m-Znse B Iymn kw_-n bph-Xobp-hm- Fn-eqsS ssZhn-I-k-tiw tIbpw Cm-bn-cp-p.
Pohn-X-nse Ghpw sNdnb Imcy--fn t]mepw ssZh-lnXw
Is-p-Xv F{Xtbm Bh-iy-am-bn-cn-p-p. Acw sNdnb hnPmKn-cn-I-fn F{Xtbm henb hmXn-ep-I-fmWv Xncn-tb-Xv Fv \mw
]e-tmgpw {Kln-m-dn!!

42

sN

dp--n \mw FSp-p sNdnb Xocp-am-\-t]mepw hfsc

{][m-\-s--h-bm-Wv.
BXy-n-I-ambn \psS Pohn-X-s--n-bp ssZh-ln-X-n\p ]pdtv \s \bn-p-hm A-s\-bp Nne Xocp-am-\-v inbp-v. AXn-\m Xocp-am-\- FSp-p--Xn XnSpw ImWn-msX
ssZh-lnXw Is-p-hm-\mbn a-tbmsS Imn-cn-t-Xv AXym-t]-n-X-am-Wv.
\mhn-I-tk-\-tbmSp hnS-]-d--tijw Im-hns the Fs\
XpS-Ww Fv F\n--dn-p-Iq-Sm-bn-cp-p. FhnsS XpS-Ww
Ftm FhnsS Xma-kn-Ww Fp-t]m-eptam hy-a-m-bn-cp-p.
F\nv Adn-bm-am-bn-cp Hcp aq-k-tlm-Z-c Xs k`-bn Nne
Znh-k- Xtm-sSmw Xma-knv ssZh-ln-X-n-\mbn Imn-cn-m
Wn-p-I-bp-m-bn. Rm Nne Znh-k-fn D]-hm-k-tmsS GItZiw Hcp-amkw At-l-ns k`-bn Bbn-cp-p. {]m-\-bpsS
B Znh-k-p tijhpw Fp-sN--W-sav F\nv hy-a-mbn-cp-p. X-k-a-bv Fs Pohn-X-s--n-bp ssZhn-I-]-Xn
shfn-s-Sp-n-cpw Fp Ddv Fs a\-ns\ kz-am-n-bn-cpp. \msf-sb-n BIp-eN
- n-b
- n-msX Hmtcm-Zn-hk
- hpw aptmp t]mbn.
\psS Dt-iyipn tim-[-\-sN-m\pw \s a-]-Tn-n-phm-\p-ambn
ssZhw A\n-n-X-Xz-ns Acw CS-th-f-I A\p-h-Zn-pp Fv
Cv F\nv hy-ambn Adnbmw. Fs {]m-\-bp-sSbpw D]-hmk-n-sbpw ka-b- hfsc {]tbm-P-\-I-c-am-bn-cp-p. XpSp
BgvN-I-fnepw hj--fnepw Rm FSp Xocp-am-\--fn sXp-]msX Fs ImXv Cu ka-b--fm-bn-cp-p.
43

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

1. ]g-b-\n-b-a-Im-ev bn{km-tb-en thZ-]-T-\-im-e-I Dm-bn-cps-nepw Hcp bYm{]hmN-I\pw Acw "ss__n kvIqfp-Ifn' \np ]pd-p-h-n-n-.
2. ]pXnb\nb-a-Im-epw tbip Xs injy-msc Hcn-epw Hcp
thZ-]-T-\-im-e-bn-tev Ab-n-. sbcp-i-te-an Kam-en-tb Acw
Hcp m]\w Am-ev \S-n-bn-cp-p.
3. Cm- e pw 99 iX- a m\w ssZh- a - fpw `uXn- I - a mb Hcp
sXmgnsN- p- - h - c m- I - b m Hcn- epw Hcp ss__nkv I qfn
tNp ]Tn-m Ahp Ign-I-bn-.
Hcp ss__nkvIqfn tNcmsX Im-hns the ^e-{]-Z-ambn
sNp-hm Ign-bp-sav sXfn-bn-p-sIm-Sp-p-sImv ta-d 99
iX-am\w t]v Hcp amXr-I-bm-bn-cn-Ww Fv F\n-p-tXm-n.
Xqew Hcp ss__n kvIqfn tNcmsX Hmw \qm-n {InkvXp
injy-msc A`y-kn-n--Xp-t]mse ssZh-h-N-\hpw Ahn-Sps hgnIfpw A`y-kn-n-m ]cn-ip-m-m-hns\ hniz-kn-p-hm Rm Xocpam-\n-p. Am-ev Im\-Um-bn-ep- DX \ne-hmcw ]pep
Hcp ss__n tImtfPv hnam\bm{X-q-enbpw ]q kvtImfjnpw
DssS AhnsS ]Tn-m F\nv Ah-kcw hmKvZm\w sNp-I-bpm-bn. ]e hnizm-kn-Isf kw_-npw hfsc BIj-I-amb Hcp
hmKvZm-\-am-Wn-Xv. F\nv Hcn-epw As\ tXmn-bn-. Xqew B
km[yX Rm Dt]-n-p. Fs Hcp kvt\ln-X B km[yX {]tbmP-\-s-Sp-p-Ibpw HSp-hn Im\-Um-bn nc-Xm-a-k-am-p-Ibpw
sNbvXp!!. Acw Hc-h F\n-p-h-cmsX Ahn-Sps CjvSw \jvSam-bn-tm-ImsX ssZhw Xs Fs cn-p. ss__n kvIqfp-I
thZ-hn-Zymn-Isf Nnn-n-p-hm ]Tn-n-p Hcp hn[-ap-v.
Acw Hcp am\-knIm`y-k-\-n-eqsS Hcn-epw e`y-a-m \nebn Ap-X-I-c-amb shfn-m-Sp-I Ahn-Sps hN-\-n \npw
ssZhw F\nv \In F-Xn-\m Hcp ss__nkvIqfn ]Tn-m-Xn\v Rm hfsc \n-bp--h-\m-Wv. X-fpsS Pohn-Xhpw cN-\-

I-fpwsImv Fs Ghpw A[nIw kzm[o-\n-n-p amUw Ktbm,

Nmkv ^nn, Un. F. aqUn, sPn-s] eqbn-kv, hmvam \o, F.
Uyp. tmk, km[p kpknw-Kv, `-knwKv XpS-n-b-h Bcpw
Xs Hcn-epw Hcp ss__n kvIq ]cn-io-e\w t\Sn-b-h-cm-bn-cpn-.
Fs `uXn-Im-h-iy-mbn ssZhs hniz-kn-p-I.
ssZh-h-N-\-n Rm asmcp kXyw Is-n. tbipthm AhnSps Atm-kvsXm-e-mtcm Ah-cpsS hyn-]-c-amtbm ip{iq-jm-]c-amtbm D `uXn-Im-h-iy- Hcn-epw Hcp a\p-jy-t\m-Sp-t]mepw
Adn-bn-n-cp-n-. Ah-cpsS Fm Bh-iy-mbpw Ah kzob
]nXm-hns\ am{Xw B{i-bn-n-cp-p. Rm \mhnItk\-bn tkh\w
sNbvX Fp-hjs Fs Fm km-Zyhpw Im-hns thebv mbpw ]mh- s hnizm- k n- I mbpw \In- - g n- n- c p- p.
As\ tPmen-bn \np Rm hnc-anXv bmsXmcp km-Zytam
_mp-\n-t-]tam Cm Hcp-h-\m-bn-mWv. Rm tPmen sNbvX
Imev Cy\m-hn-I-tk\ Fs Fm `uXn-Im-h-iy-fpw \ndth-n--n-cp-s-n, Rm Im-hns\ tkhn-m-\mbn Cd-nb
tijw Fs kzo-b-]n-Xmhv F{X-b-[nIw hniz-kvX-\mbn Fs Bhiy- \nd-th-m aXn-bm-b-h F hnizmkw Fs `cn-p.
Ftm, GXp hn[-n Fs Bh-iy- \nd-th-n--cWw
Fv IrXy-ambn Adn-bp Fs kzo-b-]n-Xm-hn-s\-b-msX Fs
Bh-iy- am-scbpw Adn-bn-p-I-bn Fv Rm Xocp-am-\n-p.
Nne-tm-sgms ap hnizm-kn-I-fn \np Nne Zm\- F\np
e`n-n-cp-s-nepw \mhnI tk\-bn e`n--ncp--Xns ]Xn\p iXam\w t]mepw B XpI Fn-bn-cp-n. Fm efnXPohnXw \bnp-hm A`y-kn-Xn-\m Hcn-epw F\nv Cmbva A\p-`-hn-tn
hn-.
Cybn {InkvXob tdUntbm {]t-]-W-n Gs-n-cp
Hcp ]mmXy kwL-S-\-bpsS kmcYn Hcp Znhkw B kwL-S-\-bpsS
Ub-d-IvS-dm-bn-cn-m Fs Wn-p. henb Hcp i-f-n\p ]pdta, hop-hm-S-I, Im, sSen-t^m XpS-nb am-\p-Iq-ey-fpw Atlw
hmKvZm\w sNp-I-bp-m-bn. Cu kwL-S-\-bpsS {]h-\-s-pdnv F\nv henb aXn-m-bn-cp-p. Fm Rm Ah-tcm-sSm-nv
{]hn-p-Xv `c-W-]-c-amb Imcy--fn-em-bn-cn-pw. ssZh-h-N\w
{]kw-Kn-p-hm-\mWv ssZhw Fs hnfn--Xv F-Xn-\m XnIpw
BIj-I-amb Hcp hmKvZm\w Bbn-cp-s-ns Hcp taibvp

44

45

ssZh-h-N\w ]Tn-n-p-hm ssZhs hniz-kn-p-I.

Rm Hcp thZ-]-T-\-im-e-bn tNv Hcp _ncpZw km-Zn-p-Xv
ssZh-th-ebvv \ Hcp Xm-sd-Sp-m-bn-cnpw Fpw ip{iq-j-bvmbn
Xqew ]e-hm-Xn-ep-Ifpw Xpd--sSpw Fpw Hcm \nt-in-p-Ibp-m-bn. ss__n kvIqfp-Iv Rm FXn-c-m-bn-cp-p. Fm
Xmsgd-bp Imcy- F\nv hy-am-bn-cp-p:

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

]nn-en-cpv `c-W-Im-cy- \n-ln-m Rm Xm-d-m-bn-cp-p.

Xqew B hmKvZm\w \nc-knv Fs Bh-iy-mbn Im-hn-tep am{Xw Rm XpSpw t\mp-I-bm-bn-cp-p.
GXmp \mev]Xp hj--fmbn Fsbpw IpSp-w_-n-sbpw
Fm Bh-iy-fpw Imhv F{Xbpw hniz-kvX-X-tbmsS \nd-th-nsm-n-cn-p-p.
{]mb-ap ssZh-`r-Xy-m-cpsS amXrI ]n]n sNdp--m ]etmgpw ssZh-h-N-\-ns {]am-W--tfmSv Hp-Xop-m-m-dp-v.
Fm Im-hn am{Xw B{i-bnv ssZh-h-N-\-ns {]am-W apdpsInSn-m ssZhw \nmbn Ap-X- sNpw.
ssZhs \n Ipsd-qSn \mbn Adn-bp-Ibpw \n-fpsS ip{iqj
IqSp-X k--am-Ibpw sNpw.
sNdp-
- m-cmb Hmtcm-cp-cpw ssZh-hN
- \
-
- ns {]am-W
- sf apdpsI-n-Sn-m Rm Ahsc Dm-ln-n-p-p. Fp hnebpw AXn\mbn \n sImSp--Ww.

46

14
hnhm-ln-X-\m-IWtam
thtbm?
1 963-se Hcp Znhkw. Rm sImn-bn \mhn-I-m-h-f-n
Atmgpw XpS-cp-I-bm-bn-cp-p. ssZh-h-N\w [ym\n-th bnsc-aym-hns
{]h-N\w 16-mw Aymbw cmw hmIy-n Rm Cs\ hmbn-p:
""\o Cu ev Hcp `mcysb FSp-tbm \n\v ChnsS ]p{Xo-]p{X-m Dm-Itbm Acp-Xv.'' ssZh-h-N\]mcm-b-W-n Nne-tm
Hcp hN\w Akm-[-mc-Wamw hn[-n {in--s-Sp-Ibpw Fs a\n Bg-amb ap{Z-]-Xn-n-bpw sNm-dp-m-bn-cp-p. Cu hmIyw
Acw Hm-bn-cp-p. F\nv hyn-]-c-ambn ssZh-n \np
Hcp hN-\-am-bn-cnmw CXv F Nn i-am-bn. {]m-\-bn Rm
ssZh-apJw At\z-jn-bpw F\nv hyn-]-c-ambn ssZhw \Ip
Hcp hN-\-am-Wn-sXv F\nv Dd-p-e-`n-bpw sNbvXp. Im-hns\
ip{iq-jn-m-\mbn Fs PohnXImew apgp-h Ahn-hm-ln-X-\mbn XpScp-hm Rm Xocp-am\w FSp-p. Rm Am-ev Im-hns
the-bn hym]r-X-\m-bn-cp--Xn-\m hnhmlPohnXw km-\n-p
]e _pn-ap-p-Ifpw Hgn-hmbn GIm-{K-X-tbmsS injvSm-bpv Iytk-h-bn sNe-h-gnmw F Nn F\nv hfsc ktmjw \In.
(1-sIm-cn. 7:32--35)
Ccp-]-n-\mep hb-p bphm-hm-bn-cp F\nv ka-{]m-bmp Fm km[m-cW taml-fpw Dm-bn-cp-p. Fm Ahnhm-ln-X-\mbn XpS-cp-Xv ssZh-ln-X-am-sWv hy-amb nXnv
sNdp--m-cmb ktlm-Z-cn-amsc `mhn PohnX]m-fn-I-fm-Im kmyX-bp--h-sc ZrjvSn-tbmsS t\mp-Xv Rm ]q-ambpw Hgn-hmn. kphn-tijkt-i-hp-ambn Rm bm{X-sN-bvXn-cp CS--fnsems BIj-Wo-b-cmb At\Iw {InkvXobbph-Xn-amsc Rm
Ip-ap-pI km[m-c-W-bm-bn-cp-p. Fm Hcp \nanjw t]mepw Ahcn Hcm-sf-tmepw hnhm-l-n-\mbn ]cn-K-Wn-m Rm Xm-dm-bn. Fs PohnXw kw_-n ssZhhnfn-tbmSv XnIpw kXy-k-\m-Im Rm \n-bn-n-cp-p. Hcp kt-f-\-n ssZh-h-N\w
{]kw-Kn-p-tm t]mepw ktlm-Z-cn-am-cpsS `mK-tv t\mmsX
47

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

ktlm-Z-c-msc am{Xw t\mp-hm Rm {in-p-am-bn-cpp!

\mhn-I-tk-\-bnse DtZym-K--s\ \ne-bn kmam\yw hen-sbmcp
ifw F\np e`n-n-cp--Xn-\m \t sNdp-{]m-b-n Xt
F\nv ]e hnhm-lm-tem-N-\-Ifpw hn-cp-p. {]mY-anI]cn-K-W-\t]mepw \ImsX Rm Ah-sbmw Xn--f-bpIbmWp-m-b-Xv.
Ahn-hm-ln-X-\mbngn-bm-\mWv ssZhw Fs hnfn-n-cn-p-Xv Fv
Rm Fm-h-tcmSpw ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-p. Fs k`-bnepw Cu Imcyw
Rm Adn-bn-n-cp-p. k`-bnse sNdp--m-cmb s]Ip-n-Ifpw (Ah-cpsS amXm-]n-Xm--fpw) Fs hnfn-sb-n Adn-bp-Ibpw Xqew
F\nv Ah-tcmSp IqSp-X kzmX-{y-tmsS kwkm-cn-m IgnIbpw sNbvXp. Fs-n Fs-nepw {]Xo--I Dm-Im-\p
]gpXv Rm AS-p-I-f-p. Im-hn \npw F\nv e`n Cu
hN\w ]e ]co--I-fn\npw Fs cn-p-I-bp-m-bn. A{]-Imcw
Fs buh-\-ns {]mcw-`-hj- Im-hn-t\m-Sp GIm-{KX-bn kqn--s-Sp-hm\pw Fs Hgnhpka-b--sfmw {]m-\bnepw hN\]T-\-nepw sNe-h-gn-m\pw Ign-p.
1966 sabv amkw. ]qka-bhpw Im-hns\ tkhn-m-\mbn
Rm \mhn-I-tk-\-tbmSv hnS-]-d-p. Rm ifw Cm--h\pw
Cy-bnse {Kma--fn Zcn-{Z-cmb Bfp-I-fpsS CS-bn {InkvXob
ip{iqj sNp-hm\ph\pw BI-bm Bcpw F\nv hnhm-lm-temN-\-bp-ambn hcn-I-bn Fv Rm Biz-kn-p. apSn-sIm-gn-n aqew
Hmtcm amkw Ignbpw tXmdpw Rm IqSp-X Ijn _m[n--h-\m-bnsm-n-cp-p-Xm-\pw. sNdp--m-cmb ktlm-Z-cn-am-cpsS ZrjvSn-bn
Fs Iptd-qSn Atbm-Ky-\m-p Hcp Imcy-am-I-bm Ij-nbpw
Hcp \-Im-cy-ambn F\n-p-tXm-n!! Fm XpSp amk--fn
]e e--fn bm{X sNbvXv {InkvXob kt-f-\--fn {]kw-Knth ta-d Atbm-Ky-X-I Hs Dm-bnpw ]e amXm-]n-Xmfpw Ah-cpsS s]a-mbn ""B-h-c-ap Hcp ssZh-`r-Xys\''
Fn ImWm XpSn F-Xm-bn-cpp hmkvX-hw. Fs hfp
h Ij-n-t]mepw Cm-cy-n Ahv XS--am-bn-cp-n-! hopw
Rm PmK-cq-I-\m-tI Bhiyw F\nv t_my-am-bn.
{InkvXob{]kw-KI
- Akm-mnIhgn-If
- n hoWp-t]m-IpXnt\n Rm tIn-cp-p. Ahp AtX PU-amWv FtXpw Fv
Rm {Kln-p. ]q-k-abw Im-hns\ tkhn-p Ahn-hm-lnX-\mb Hcmv t\cn-tS-n-h-cp \nc-h-[n-hn-]-p-I-sf-p-dnpw Rm
Is-n. BI-bm FmWv sNt-Xv F-Xn-s\-n ssZh-lnXw

hopw At\z-jn-m Rm \n-n-X-\m-bn. {]m\ XpS-cth

hnhm-l-s-n Nnn-p-hm Imhv Fs t{]cn-n-p--Xmbn
F\n-p-tXm-n. Fm \mep hjw apv bnscaym 16:2 Imhv
FtmSv AcpfnsbvX-Xn\v hncp--amb Hcp Imcy-ambn CXv F\np
tXmp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Atm AtX hN\w hopw hopw {i-tbmsS hmbn-m
CS-bm-bn. AXp-hsc Rm {in-n-n-m Hcp Imcyw B hN-\-n
s]mSp--\th Fs {i-bnsp. Cu e-p-\npw Hcp `mcysb
FSp--cpXv (hn-hmlw Ign--cp-Xv) Fm-Wtm Imhv ]dXv.
Rm \mhn-I-tk-\-bn Bbn-cn-p-tm FmWv AXns Aw
Fv {Kln Rm hnhm-ln-X-\m-Ip ]w ssZh-tmSv A\p-k-cW-tSv ImWn-p-I-bmhpw F `b-n \npw kzX-{-\m-bn.
\mep ZoL-hj- B hmIy-ns BZy-`mKw {Kln-p-hm
ssZhw Fs A\p-h-Zn-m-Xn-cp-Xv Fp-sIm-m-sWv Rm ApX-s-p. cp Imc-W- Rm Is-n.
(1) Fs Pohn-Xw-ap-gp-h Ahn-hm-ln-X-\mbnpS-cp-I-bm-bn-cnpw
Fv Rm hniz-kn-Ww Fv Imhv CNvOnp. \mhn-I-tk-\-

48

49

ktlm.- `-vknwKv shq-cn hv hnhmlw Bio-Zn-pp.

1968 Pq 19.

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

bnse tkh-\-Im-ev Rm hnhm-l-s-p-dnv Nnn-m-Xn-cn-m

CXv CS-bm-n. Ahn-Sps hN\w GIm-{K-X-tbmsS ]Tn-p-hm CXv
Ah-kcw Hcp-n. `mhn-bn ssZh-h-N\w ]Tn-np Hcp ip{iqj
F\n-mbn Hcp-n-bn-cp Imcyw Av Rm Adn-n-cp-n-. Ahnhm-ln-X-\m-bn-cp Imev Fs lrZbw ssZh-hN\n Bgambn
thcp-d-n-t-Xv Bh-iy-am-sWpw hnhmlw Ign-m A{Xtmfw kabw AXn\v e`n-p-I-bn-spw Ahn-Spv \mbn Adnn-cp-p.
(2) A{_mlmw Xs aI-\mb bnkv-lm-ns\ bmKw An-ptam
Fv ssZhw ]co-n--Xp-t]mse Rm Im-hn-\mbn hnhml
PohnXw XyPn-m Xm-dm-Iptam Fv ssZhw tim[-\-sN-p-I-bm-bncp-p. \mep hjw Fs tim[\ sNbvX-tijw Rm AXn\v Xmdm-sWv ssZhw I-tm Fs "bnkvl
- m-ns\'F\nv aSncnIbpw hnhm-lsn Nnn-m FtmSv ]d-bp-I-bp-amWv sNbvXXv.
Ign--Im-e--fn Ahn-Sps {]hm-N-I-mcpw hnip--mcpw \S-s-Xpt]mse ]Sn-]-Sn-bmbn ssZh-m \S--s-SpI FXv
F{X al-mb Hcp ]Z-hn-bmWv!

50

15
ssZhw Xnc-s-Sp
PohnX]m-fn
hnhmlw sNdp--n

ssZh--ns bmK-]o-T-n Rm Ann-cp-p. Fm X ka-bv hnhmlPohn-X-ntep ssZhw

Fs \bn-p-Ibpw F\np e`n-p-am-bncpXn Ghpw sa-s
`mcysb \Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp. F\nv Hcp `mcysb Xnc-s-Sp-m
ssZhs A\p-h-Zn--Xn Rm AXy-[nIw kp-jvS-\mWv. ImcWw,
Ghpw \Xv Xs F\np e`n-p.
Akp-jvS-amb \nc-h-[n-Ip-Spw-_--sf-p-dnv Rm Adn-n-cpp. `m-
- m-cpsS {InkvXobiq{iq-jb
- n Ahsc ]nd-tImp ]nSnp
hen-p `mcy-am [mcmf-amWv. Hcp _e-lo\\nan-j-n sXmb
Hcp Xnc-s-Spv Rm \S-n-tbpw Fp `bw Fs Dn
Dm-bn-cp-p.-G-sX-nepw Imc-W-h-im Fs Xnc-s-Spv sXntm-bm hnhmlZnhkw Bh-iy-sa-n Hcp `qan-Ip-ew Ab-msW-nepw Fs cn-Ww Fp t]mepw Rm {]mn-n-cp-p.!
ssZh-ln-X-{]-Im-c-ap Hcm am{Xta Fs PohnX]mfn BImhq
Fv F\nv \n_ambn-cp-p.
Bbn-cnsmm-bn-cn Adp-]-Xp-I-fnse `mc-Xob{InkvXym-\nI-fpsS kwkvImc-n hnhm-l-n-\p-apv Hu]-Nm-cn-I-am-bn--msX
bphXobphm--m Xn kwkm-cn-m-dn-m-bn-cp-p. AXp-sIm-pXs GsX-nepw Hcp s]Ip-n-sb-n IqSp-X-embn hnh-c- e`npI Ffp--am-bn-cp-n. AXp-sImv Rm hnhm-l-n-\mbn ]cn-KWn-p s]Ip-nsb-n Bh-iy-ap hnh-c- ssZhw Xs
\Intb aXn-bmIq Fm-bn-cp-p.-Fs {]m\. "" ]q-X-bp
ssZh-lnXw Is-p-hm'' A{]-Im-c-ta F\nv Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-pq
(tdm-a 12:2)
1967 s ay-`mKw. F\nv Ccp-]-n-tbg-c-h-bv {]mbw. shp
{InkvXysa-Un- tImf-Pn \npw sshZy-im-kv{X-n _ncpZw
t\Snb B\n-sb-- s]Ip-n-bp-am-bp hnhm-l-s-n {_Z `knwKv Hcp Btem-N\ sImp-h-v B Imcy-s-n {]mn-m
FtmSv Bhiy-s-Sp-I-bm-bn-cp-p. B\n Hcp tUmIvS BWv. F\nv
51

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

AXv Hcp hnj-bta Bbn-cp-n-. Fm Ah k`-bn-epw, tImfPnse kl-hn-Zymn-I-fpsS CS-bn-epw, shq Pbnense kv{XoXShp-Im-cpsS CS-bnepw {InkvXobkmyw hln-p-hm hfsc Dp-Ibm-bn-cpp F Imcyw Fs BIjn-p. GXmv Cu Ime-L-n Chmen- bqWn-b\nse cv ]q-kab{]h-I
shttd (]-c-kv]cw Adn-bm-sX) B\n-bp-am-bp hnhm-l-s-n
\nt- i n- p- b p- m- b n. Hn- e - [ nIw t]cn \npw Dmb Cu
hnhmlmtemN\ ssZh-ns ]q-ln-X-n-ep Imcy-am-sWv
hy-am-tI--Xn\v B\n-sb--n-bp IqSp-X hnh-c- IntXn-\mbn {]mn-p. {InkvXo-b-iq-{iq-j-bn-em-bn-cp Fs {]mYanIamb `mcw Cy-bnse ]mh-s P\--sf-p-dnv Bbn-cp--Xn\m AtX `mcw ]n-Sp-, Zcn-{Z-tcmSv kvt\lhpw Icp-Xepw D,H-cmfm-bn-cn-Ww Fs Pohn-X-]-mfn Fv F\nv B{K-l-ap-mbn-cp-p.
hSt Cy-bnse IpjvT-tcm-Kn-Im-bp Hcm-ip-]-{Xn-bn
tPmen sNm B\n Xocp-am-\n-n-cn-p--Xmbn Rm Adn-p. ]Xn\m-dp-h-bv {]mbw D-tm apX Ah- hj-n-sem-cn- B
Bip-]-{Xn-bn k--tk-h\w sNbvXp-h-n-cp-p.( CXn-\p-apv Hcp
h\nXm tUmIvSdpw B Bip-]-{Xn-bn tkh-\-n-\m-bn-t]m-bn-cp-n)-Ip-jvT-tcm-Kn-I-fpsS CS-bn tPmen-sN-p-Xv Hcp \ `m-hns\
Inm XS--am-tbpw Fv _p- B\nsb XmoXp sNbvXncp-p. _p- XS--ambn I AtX Imcyw Ft kw_-n-n-Stmfw B\nv kaq-l-nse AK-Xn-I-tfm-Sp- kvt\lw shfn-sSpp Hcp Imcy-am-bn-cp-p.
Hcp Znhkw shq k`bnse cp ktlm-Z-c-m Xn-ep Hcp
kw`m-jWw Rm tIm CS-bm-bn. Hcm at hyn-tbmSv
B\nsbp-t]-cp Hcp ktlm-Z-cn-bpsS Imcyw ]d-bp-I-bm-bn-cp-p.
shq Bip-]-{Xn-bnse Zcn-{Z-cmb tcmKn-I-fpsS hmUn InS k`bnse Hcp tcmKn-bmb ktlm-Z-cnsb iq{iq-jn-p-sImv ]e-cm{Xn sNeh-gn B\n-sb-n Ah aXn-tmsS kwkm-cn-p-I-bm-bn-cp-p. -Rm
B\nsb hnhm-l-]-m-fn-bm-m ]cn-K-Wn-p-sIm-n-cn-p-I-bm-sWv
B ktlm-Z-c-m Dtm Adn-bp-p.! B\nv ]mh--tfm-Sp {]Xn]n shfn-s-Sp-m ssZhw Ahn-Sps ]c-am-[n-Im-c-n B
ktlm-Zcm-cpsS kw`m-jWw {in-m Fs A\p-h-Zn-p-I-bmbn-cp-p.
]noSv Rm Isn, Rm hmbn-n-cp AtX {InkvXob

{K-fpw anj-\dn Poh-N-cn-{X-fpw B\nbpw hmbn-n-cpshv.

Fs-tmse Xs {Iqins amw Adn hyn-bm-bn-cpp B\nbpw. ]mh--fpsS CS-bn Im-hns the-sN-m R Ccphpw Htc hn[-n A`n-hm-RvObpm-bn-cp-p. ssZh-ln-X-ns
HSp-hn-es Hcp AS-bm-f-n-\mbn Rm Ir-k-n-[n-bn Imncp-p. Fs Zn\w{]Xnbp thZ-hmb\-bn-eq-sS-bmWv B Ddv ssZhw
\In-b-Xv. sbslkvt 44-mw Aym-b-ns 15, 22, Fo hN-\ hy-am-bn-cp-p. ""Ah Fs ASp- hv Fs iq{iq-jnpw........ Ah bn{km-tb Krl-n \np `mcy-amsc FSp-pw''.
F\nv Atm B\n-sb--n-bp ssZh-lnXw hy-amIbpw lr-Zb-n ASp--ap-m-Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp.
ssZhw Ap-X-I-c-amb hn[-n Fn \npw AIse 24-hjw
Cu s]Ip-nsb Hcp-pIbpw HSp-hn Fs ASp-tv sImp
hcp-Ibpw Bbn-cp-p. BZm-an\v X-Xp-Wsb Hcp-nb ssZhw
F\np Fmw sImpw A\p-tbm-Py--bmb Hcp `mcysb Hcp-n-bn-cpp. `mc-Xobkwkv-Im-c-ns ]cn-an-Xn-I ssZh-n\p {]iv-\-ta
Aspw GZ-\n ]pcp-j-t\bpw kv{Xotbbpw Hmnt ssZhw
Cpw Z-Xn-amsc Iqn-tppshpw Rm hy-am-bn-m-Wp-Ibm-bn-cp-p.
Rm {]kw-Kn-p-Xv ]e-X-hW B\n tIn-cp--Xn\m Imhns thebv-mbn Fs Ahn-Spv hnfn--Xm-sWv Ah Adnn-cp-p. Fm Fsn asmpwXs Ah Adn-n-cp-n. F\nv bmsXmcp nc-h-cp-am\hpw Cspw Fs Bh-iy-
\nd-th--hm Rm Im-hns\ am{Xw hniz-kn-p--h-\m-sWpw
Rm aSn-Iq-SmsX Xpdp ]d-p. Fs iq{iqj GXv Zni-bn-temWv Xncn-bm t]mIp-Xv Fv F\nv \n-b-an-spw Rm
B\n-tbmSp ]d-p. Fs kmnI-ambn klm-bn-p-hm henb
{]m]vXn-bn-m Zcn-{Z-P-\--fp-sSbpw tImfPv hnZymn-I-fp-sSbpw CSbn {InkvXo-b-the sNm-\p `mcw F\nv ssZhw \In-bn-cpp
Fp am{Xw Rm Adn-n-cp-p. F\nv kmZyw Hpw Cm-bn-cpp. Fs ]nXmhv Imcy-am-b-k--smpw Cm km tPmenbn\npw hnc-an Hcp s]jIm-c-\m-bn-cp-p-Xm-\pw. km-nI
sRcp--n-sbpw t]mcm---fp-sSbpw Hcp Idp Nn{Xw Rm AhfpsS apn hcp Imn-b-tXmsSmw Im-hns\ tkhnp
Xnep AXy-[n-I-amb ktm-j-s--nbpw kwkm-cn-p. XnSpw
IqmsX ssZh-ln-X-n-\m-bn-Im-n-cn-m-\mWv Rm B\n-tbmSv ]d-

52

53

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

-Xv. CtX kabw \ \ne-bnep tUmIvS-amcn \npw B\nv

hnhm-lm-tem-N-\-I hp sImn-cp-p-Xm\pw. Fm B\n {]m\-bn ssZh-ln-Xn-\mbn Imn-cn-p-Ibpw Rm Xs-bmWv
Ahmbn ssZhw Hcp-nb Pohn-X-]-mfn F t_m[y-n
Fp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Cu Imcyw amXm-]n-Xm--tfmSpw ]dp.
Fm nc-am-b- bm-sXmcp hcp-am-\hpw Cm Rm Ah-fpsS
`m-hm-Ip--Xns\ B\n-bpsS amXm-]n-Xm- FXnp. sXmgnenm Rm tUmIvS-dmb `mcy-bpsS hcp-am\w sImv Pohn-m
B{K-ln-p--Xmbn Ah [cnpImWpw! B\n sXmgn sNbvXp
sImp-h-cp hcp-am-\-n B{i-bn-msX R-fpsS Bh-iymbn Im-hns\ am{Xw B{i-bn-m Rm Xocp-am-\n-n-cnp-I-bm-sW hkvXpX Ah-cptm Adn-bp-p! (I-gn 37 hjs
Zm-Xy-Po-hn-X-n tUmIv-S F \ne-bn bmsXmcp km-Zyhpw
B\n Dm-n-bn-n; Fm ap--hv kuP-\y-amb sshZy-klmbw \In-h-cp--tX-bp-q.)
B\n-bpsS amXm-]n-Xm-sf am\nv Ahp-IqSn t_m[y-amIpw
hsc a-tbmsS Imn-cn-m R Xocp-am-\nv {]m-\-bn
XpSp. Bdp-am-k-n-\Iw ssZhw -{]m-\bvv Dcw \Ip-

Ibpw Ah-fpsS ]nXmhv Cu hnhm-l-n\p k-Xn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

hopw \mepamk-n-\p-tijw R hnhm-ln-X-cm-bnop.
`-knwKv F ssZh-Zm-k 1968 Pq ]sm-Xmw XobXn
shq-cn shv R-fpsS hnhmlw \S-nb ka-bv ]d hN\- Hcp {]h-N-\-am-bn-cp-p. "" At\Iw cmPy--fnse At\Iw P\-fpsS A\p-{K-l-n-\mbn Cv Ch hnhm-l-n tbmPn-n-sSp-p. Ah-cpsS ZmXy-_--n-epsS ssZh-ns shfnw temIns hnhn-[-`m-K--fn in-tbmsS {]Imin-m CS-bmIpw''. 30
hj-p-tijw R-fpsS hnhmliq{iq-j-bpsS Iskv hopw
tI-tm am{X-amWv R C{X-bpw\m A{X-Im-cy-am-m-Xn-cp
`-knw-Kns {]h-N\w ]q-ambpw \ndthdnbXm-bn-{K-ln--Xv.
Fs bm{X-I-fn- Rm [mcmfw h\n-X-Isf Ign 37 hj-fmbn temI-sa-mSpw Ip-ap-n-bn-p-v. ssZhw F\n-p-thn sXc-Sp B\nsbtmse F\nv A\p-tbm-Py-bmb Hcmsf Cp-hsc
In-n- F-XmWv kXyw.
Fm-Im-cy--fnepw ssZh-n\v Hmw m\w \Ip Hcmp
thn-bp ssZh-ns sXc--Spv F{X ]q-X-bp--Xm-bncnpw! Ahn-Sps \ma-n\pam{Xw k-a-l-Xzhpw Dm-hs!!

kmIv--B\n IpSpw-_w: Pq 1968

54

55

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

hnSp-hn-pw.'' (2sImcn 1:10)

\psS Fmhcp-sSbpw Pohn-X-n acWw Ddmb k`-fn \npw ssZhnI CS-s]-S aqew Ap-X-I-c-amb hnSp-X Dmbn-p-v. Fs hyn-]-c-amb Pohn-X-nepw AXp-t]m-se-bp Nne
k`- \n-]qw Hmm-\p-v. C{]-Imcw ac-W-n\np
\opt]mp \Ip--Xn ssZh-n\v {]tXyIamb Dtiyapv.
1951 F\nv GI-tZiw 12 hbv {]mb-ap--tm Dmb Hcp
kw`hw BZyw ]d-bmw. Fs amX-m]n-Xm--m-tcm-sSmv Hcp Znhkw
hoSn\p shfn-bn Hcp tS_n emw_ns shfn--n Rm Ccn-pI-bm-bnp. s]sv tS_n emw_v AW-p-t]m-bn. Fm hoSn\pn sshZypXn Dm-bn-cp-p-Xm-\pw. tS_n emw_ns sshZypXn
Fn-p hb-dn CSbvv Fhn-sS-sb-nepw s]m Dmhmw Fv
F\nv tXmn. hophnNmcanmsX Rm B hb ssIbn
FSpv Ccp-n Fhn-sS-bmWv s]m Fv ssIsImv XShn
t\mn Ip-]n-Sn-m {ian-p-tm s]mepm-b -`m-Kv Fs
hnc-ep-I kv]in-m CS-bm-bn. Ce-Iv{SnIv tjmSnv Rm
]p-In-Sn-bn sXdn-p-ho-Wp, tjm-Sn In Fs ssIbn
Atmgpw Npn-bn-cp-p. Rm D-n Ic-p. Fs A a\-mnyw ssIhn-SmsX sabn kznv Hm^v sNbvXXn-\m Fs Poh
Xncn-p-In-n. Ap Rm hopw P\nv Hcp ssZh-ss]-X-em-bn-cp-n. Av Rm acn-n-cp-s-n Rm \n-b-ambpw \c-I-n Fntbt\.
cm-aXmbn Rm Hmp kw`hw t\hn-bnse DtZym-K-Ime-mWv. 1965 ]mn-m-\p-am-bp-mb bp-n \mhn-I-tk-\-bpsS
ssa I- e ns Npa- X e F\n- m- b n- c p- p. Idmn Xpd- a p- J v
t_mw_m-{I-aWw \S-m \mhn-I-tk\ Hcp-pIbm-bn-cp-p. \mhnI-tk-\-bnse henb I-ep-Iv aptm-Sn-bmbntmbn i{Xp-tk\
Xpd-ap-J-kw-c--Wmw \nt-]n-np ssa\p-I kvt^mS\w \S-

msX \ow sNp tPmen-bm-bn-cpp Fs sNdnb I-en\v Dmbn-cp--Xv. As\ sNbvXm am{Xta \psS I hyql-n\v
Xpd-ap-J-tv \om Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-p-q. Fs I-en Bhiy-amb ko-I-c-W-fpw ]cn-N-b-k---cmb \mhn-Icpw Dm-bn-cp-Xn-\m "ssa' \ow sNpI Xmc-X-tay\ Ffp--ap--Im-cy-am-bncp-p. ]t Idmn Xpd-ap-J-p ]mv \mhnItk\-bpsS ZoLZqc]ocn-I \psS I-ep-Ip t\tc i-ambn shSnbpXnptm
Fs sNdnb I-en-\mhpw BZyw \miapm-IpI. Cu sNdp-I
- i{Xphns B{I-aW
-
- n apntmIp-sav an-hmdpw Xo-bm-bn-cp-p.
\mhnIhypl-nse at -I-ep-Iv Idmn Xpd-apJw B{I-an-m\mbn hgn-sbm-cp-p-hm R-fpsS I-ep-I \jvS-s-mepw t\hn
AXv henb \jvS-am-bn--cp-Xp-I-bn-m-bn-cp-p. GI-tZiw cm-gvN-bmbn-bpw \S-p-I-bm-Wv. R Idmn ey-amn \om Xmdmbn \np-tm s]mSp-s\ shSn-\n {]Jym-]-\-ap-mbn.
bpw Ah-km-\n-p-I-bm-bn-cp-p. As\ Fs Poh\jvS-am-ImsX
ssZhw Imp. bpw Nne Znh-k- IqSn \on-cp-s-n Rm
ap ]e-tcm-scmw Idmn Xpd-ap-J-n-\p-sh-fn-bn acnphogp-am-bn-cpp. Fm temI-m-]-\-n-\p-apv Fs-p-dnv Hcp ]Xn ssZhns lrZ-b-n Dm-bn-cp--Xn-\m Rm Atm acn-pI
Akm-y-am-bn-cp-p. Ahn-Spv F\nv thn bpw \nn-b-XmsWv Rm Dd-mbn hniz-kn-p-p. Ahn-Sps ambn Fpw
sNm ssZhw Xm-dm-hpI Xs sNpw.
aqm-a-sXmcp kw`hw IqSn Hma-bn -h-cpp. 1993 HmKv amkw
_mwq-cn hon \npw GI-tZiw 700 ao AI-se-bp Hcp
sdbnth t{Imnv IS-p k`w. am-n \npw km[-\ hmn Fs tam- U n Rm bm{X sNp- I - b m- b n- c p- p.
sdbnth tKv apdnv adp-`m-Kv tdmUn-tev Cd--ptm {inmsX sKbn-nse Imhm-c sdbnth tKv AS-bvp Ccpv
t]mv Xmg-n-bXv Fs s\pw tXmfnepw CSnv Fs t_m[c-ln-X-\mn \ne-p-X-n-bn-p.(-]n-oSv F\nv {Kln-m Ignp
Av Uyqn-bn Dm-bn-cp tPmen-m-c tKv AS-bvp--Xn-s\-n th ]cn-N-b-an-m ]I-c-m-c-\m-bn-cppshv) At_m-[m-h-bn F{X kabw Rm AhnsSnSp Fv Ctmgpw \n-b-an.
Btcm Fs ]nSn-s-gp-t-ev]n-tmtgpw t_m[w Xncn-p-In-n. Bip]-{Xn-bn Fn-b-tm Fs Xe-tbm-nv Xe-ap-Sn-\m-cns hen-n-ep t\cnb s]m D-Xmbpw Hcp-tXm-sfv m\w sXn-b-

56

57

16
ac-W-n \np
hnSp-X
C{X henb ac-W-n \nv ssZhw Rsf hnSp-hnp: taemepw
""C

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

Xmbpw a\-n-em-bn. Kpcp-X-c-amb {]iv-\- Hpw Cm-bn-cp-p. B

ka-bv Rm Im-hn-t\mSp ]dp:
""tbipth! Imh-dn-bn F\n-mbn Ahn-Spv sNbvX henb {]hrnv Rm aXn-h-cp-thmfw \n-]-d-n-n-. Asb ip{iq-jn-p-Xn-eqsSFs \n-]-dp Xom Nne hj- IqSn F\nv
Xtc-Wta.''Nne BgvN-I Fs ssI Hcp- nw-Kn-em-bn-cp-p. thKn Rm ]q-kpJw {]m]n-p. B kw`-h-n-\p-tijw Ctm
12 hj-IqsS XnIpw Btcm-Ky-hm-\m-bn-cn-m,-Im-hns\
tkhn-m, Fs cnXnep \n ]d-bp-hm F\nv ssZhw
CS-bm-n-bn-cn-pp!
apI-fn ]d kw`-h IqSmsX _mwq--cn kvIq bm{Xbn \nc-h[n XhW A]-I-S--fn \npw ssZhw cn-n-p-v. Hcn thK-n bm{X sNp-tm s{_bnv hb s]mn-tm-bn.
av ss{Uham-cpsS A{i--aqew kvIq-dn \npw sXdn-p-t]mb
k`- ]e-Xm-Wv. Ign 43 hj--fmbn Imdpw kvIqdpw amdn
amdn HmSn-n-pv. Fm ssZh-ns AXy-[n-I-amb Icp-W-aqew
F\ntm amsn-eptam KpcpX-c-amb tISp-]m-Sp-I kw`-hn-m
CS-bmbn-n-.
CXp-t]m-se-bp k`--fn GsX-nepw Hcp sNdn-b-Imcyw
hyXy-kvX-am-bn-cps--n Cv Rm `qap-Jv Poh-t\msS Dm-hnm-bn-cpp F kXyw A]-I-S--sf-p-dnv Hmp-tm-sgmw Fs
a\-n sXfn-p-h-cm-dp-v. Cu kw`-h--sf-p-dnv Hmp-tmsgms ssZhw Fp-sImv Fs Hmtcm Xh-Wbpw cn-pshvv
Nnn-m-dp-v. Rm F\nv thn Pohn-m-\
- , adnv F\np thn
Poh X Im-hn-\mbn Pohn--t-Xn\mWv Ahn-Spv Fs
cn-sXv F\n--dn-bmw. ]e-tmgpw Ccw hnSp-X-ens k` HmpI-hgn Im-hn-\m-bn-am{Xw Fs Pohn-Xs ]p\aWw sNp-hm F\nv CS-bm-bn-p-v.
ac-W-n \npw ssZhw \s cn k`-sf \mw Fmhcpw Hmp-Ibpw ssZhw \app Poh aS-n-\In-bXv Fn-\msWv Nnn-p-Ibpw thWw. Acw Hm-I \psS Pohn-Xsf Im-hn-\mbn hopw kan-m \s \n-b-ambpw klmbn-pw.

58

17
XI-bn-eqsS Hcp ]pXnb
tkh-\-amw
\mhnI

tk\-bn \np ]ncntm, C\n-bp Imew {_Z

`-knw-Kns Npa-X-e-bn-ep k`-I-fn ssZh-h-N\w ip{iq-jn-pI
F GI Nntb Fs a\-n Dm-bn-cp-p-q. Fm \psS
`mhn-Im-cy- apgp-h\pw ]e-tmgpw ssZhw shfn-s-Sp-m-dn-tm?
Rm {]Xo-n-m hn[-n-ep Nne hgn-n-cn-hp-I s]mSp-s\ Fs Pohn-X-n kw`-hnp.
1969- `-knw-Kp-ambn _-s k`-bnse sNdp--m-c-\m-b Hcp
ktlm-Z-c FtmSv tNmZn-p, `-knw-Kns Ime-tijw Cu k`Ismw Fp kw`-hnpw Fv. `-knw-Kn-s\-tm-se-bp Hcp
hyn-p-am-{Xta Cu k`-Isf Fmw GtIm-]nnp \nm Ignbq
Fv hniz-kn Rm B ktlm-Z-c-t\mSp ]d-p, `-knw-Kns
Ime-tijw k`-I ]e-Xmbn `nnp t]mIpw Fv. Hcp ssZha\pjys ip{iq-j-sb-n Rm Hcn-epw XnSp--n Acw Hcp
{]kvXm-h\ sNbvXp-Iq-Sm-bn-cp-p. tIhew 30 hb-p-am{Xw {]mb-ambn-cp Rm Hpw m\-tm-sS-b A{]-Imcw kwkm-cn--Xv. `knw-Kns Nne kl-{]-h-I Fs hmp-I-sf-n tI-tm Hpw
sshImsX Imcyw B ssZh-Zm-ks ImXp-I-fn Fn-p. Fs
hmp- I `- k nw- K n\v Fs- n- m Akz- X Df- h mnbXn\m Xs k`-I-fn C\n-ta-em {]kw-Kn-m Fs A\ph-Zn-p-IqSm Fv kl-{]-h-I-tcmSv Atlw ]d-p. Rm Hcn {][m\{]kw-K-I Bbn-cp AtX k`-I-fn s]sv Rm
Hc-[n-I--m-bn-op. Fs hop-hn-Nm-c-an-m hmp-IsImv
ip{iq-j-bvmbn Xpd--s hnim-e-amb Hcp hmXn F\nv \jvSam-bn. Fs sXn-s\-tbmv Rm A\p-X-]n-p. shq-cn-ep `knw-Kns k`-bn AXn-\p-tijw ]nd-In-es \nc-bn, ssZh-h-N\w
{]kw-Kn-m A\p-hmZw Cm--h-\mbn F\nv Ccntn- h-p.
Cu inW\S-]-Sn-bn CS-dn-tm-ImsX au\-am-bn-cn-m ssZhw
FtmSp Iev]np. B k`-bnse aqamsc hnain-msX Ahsc
59

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

_lp-am-\n-m\pw Ftmgpw Ah-tcmSv Hcp \ at\m-`m-hw ]pephm\pw Ahn-Spv FtmSv ]d-p. Rm A{]-Imcw {]hn-bpw
sNbvXp.
Fm Fs `mhnip{iqj FhnsS Bbn-cnpw F Imcy-n
Rm Nnm-p-g--n-em-bn. aqp-hj-p apv \mhn-I-tk-\bnte DtZymKw cmPn-h--tm Rm Xmtem-en-n-cp ]-Xn-I-sfmw
Nm-emb {]XoXn. Rm hnhm-ln-X-\m-bnv Hcp hjw am{Xta Bbncp-p-q. R FpsNWw F Imcy-n Hcp \n-bhpw
Dm-bn-cp-n-.
shq-cn-ep `-knw-Kns k`-bn aq-m-tcmSv \ Hcp at\m`m-h-tmsS aqp hjw Rm ]n\nc-bn Ccp-p. k`-bn-ep
]ecpw Fs sXn--cn-p. Fp-sIm-m-Wv F\nv C-c-n-ep
Hcp in e`n-Xv Fv hni-Zo-I-cn-m {ian-msX Rm au\-ambn- c p- p. AXphsc F\n- p- m- b n- c p ]c- k y- i p- { iqj XpScpXnemtWm F\nv XmXv]cyw AtXm Im-hn am{Xw Fs
kwXr]vXn Is-m Rm Xm-dmtWm F Imcy-n Rm
]co-n--s-Sp-I-bm-bn-cp-p. ssZhw Fs XIp Ime-L--ambn-cpp AXv. Fs {InkvXobPohn-X-n Ftmgpw Rm Imhns\ am{Xta B{K-ln-n-cp-pq F-Xm-bn-cpp kXyw. Cu Imcyw
sXfn-bn-p-hm\pw Ctm Rm Xm-dm-bn-cpp.
B \mfp-I-fn shq saUn- tImf-Pnse hnZymn-I-fpsS
CS-bn Im-hns\ ip{iq-jn-m e`n-n-cp Ah-k-c- Fmw
Rm {]tbm-P-\-s-Sp-n-bn-cp-p. Cym-m-cmb hnZymn-Imbn
Fgp-X-s {InkvXob {K--fpsS Zmcn{Zyw Ah-cpsS CS-bn ip{iqjn--tm Rm Is-n. {InkvXob{K-im-e-I-fn e`y-am-bn-cp
Npcpw ]pkvX-I- `mc-Xob ImgvN-m-Sn-msX ]mm-Xy-cmb Fgpp-Im cNn--h-bm-bn-cp-p-Xm-\pw. \psS Ipn-Iv Xmm-\m-hm
hne-bp--h-bm-bn-cpp B ]pkvX-I--sf-mw-X-s. ]pkvXI cN-\bn F\nv taml--sfmpw Cm-bn-cp-p. Rm Hcp Fgp-p-Im-c\m-sW Nnbpw Cm-bn-cp-p. Fm sNdp--m-cmb hnZymnI-sf-n Hcp henb `mcw Fs Dn Dm-bn-cp-p. hnZymn-IfpsS kt-f-\--fn Rm Ah-cp-ambn ]p-h Imcy- AhcpsS kzImcy]T-\-n\v {]tbm-P-\-s-Sp-amdv FgpXn hbvm Rm
Xocp-am-\n-p.
{]kw-Kn-m-\p W-sampw Cm-Xn-cp B Imev F\nv
[mcmfw kabw e`y-am-bn-cp-p. shq {InkvXy saUn- tImf-

Pnse hnZymn-Im-bn Rm \Inb \mep kti]c-c FgpXn-bm-bn-cpp XpS-w. 60-70 t]Pp-I Fs ]gb ssSv ssd-dn
ssSv sNbvXv, sXp-Xn-cpn icn-bm-m ZoL-k-abw FSp-p. ]eam-k-p-tijw Rm B Imcyw ]qn-bm-n. Fs Bm-hnep-m-bn-cp `mcw Hpw \jvS-am-msX IS-em-kn-tep ]Ip-Xn Imhv Fs hfsc klm-bn--Xmbn ssIsbgp-p-{]Xn hmbn-tm hy-am-bn. hnZymn-I-fpsS CS-bn Ghpw \mbn Cu
ktiw hnX-cWw sNm Fs\ Ignbpw F-Xmbn ASp
Nn. Fs ssIsb-gp-p-{]-Xn-tb-n ssZh-n\v hfsc sa-amb
Nne ]-Xn-I-fp-m-bn-cpp Fv Av Rm Adn-n-cp-n-. ]Sn-]Sn-bmbn Ahn-Sps hgn-I ssZhw shfn-s-Sp-p-I-bm-bn-cp-p.!
`-knw-Kp-am-bn _-s k`-I-fnse ip{iq-jbv-mbp hmXn
\jvS-am-bXv XnIpw Fs sXp-sIm-m-bn-cp-s-n-epw, Fs ]cmP-b-n\n-p-t]mepw al-mb NneXv Df-hm-m ssZh-n\v
Ignp Fv Cp Rm a\-n-em-p-p. Rm B k`-I-fn
XpSn-cp-s-n Hcp {InkvXob Fgp-p-Im-cs ip{iq-j-bn-tev
Rm Hcn-epw {]th-in--bn-m-bn-cp-p. \psS ssZhw F{X alXz-]qW\pw F{X \-h-\p-amWv!!
ssZh-I-c--fn Hcp {]hm-NIZuXy-n-\mbn sNdp--n \pdp-s bnsc-aym-hn-t\-tmse Cv F\nv C{]-Imcw ]d-bm Ignbpw. ""Bi-b-ddp Fv Rm Icp-Xn. B kwh--c- `bm-\-I-ambn-cp-p. Im-hns B{ZIcpW hn-tm-I-bn Fv Rm Adn-

60

61

]mh-s--hsc tkhn-m-\m-bn-- tUmIvS B\n

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

p. Imhv am{X-amWv Fs Ah-Imiw F-dnv Rm Ah\n am{Xw {]Xymi hp. cmhnse tXmdpw Ahn-Sps Zb ]pXn-bsXv Rm\-dn-p. Im-hns hnSp-X-en ka-b-n-\mbn anmsX
Imn-cn-p--Xm-Wv A`n-Im-ay-sav Rm Adn-bp-p. As\ Imncn-p--hv Ahn-Spv Ap-X-I-c-amb hn[-n \ ImWn-pp. in-W-ns Iogn-em-bn-cn-p-Xv Hcp sNdp--m-c\v \-XpXs. Im-hns Ic-p-Iosg apJw s]mSn-bn Aan Ccnm Ah\v CS-bm-I-s. Xs ASn-p--hv IhnIm-Wn-p-sImSp-bpw Ah-cpsS iImchmp-I tIbpw sN-s. Fm
Ah\v {]Xym-ibvp hI-bp-v. Imhv Ahs\ Xn--f-I-bn-.
ssZhw Ah\v IjvSw hcp-n-bmepw Ah-t\mSv [mcm-f-ambn Icp-W-ImWn-pw.'' (hn-em-]- 3:18-33. enhnwKv ss__n ]cm-h-\w)
ltepm!!

18
ss{IkvX-h-km-lnXy
cN-\-bn-tev
Ign e-n hnh-cn-X
- p-t]mse 1969 Ah-km-\a
- m-bt- m-tgpw
Fs BZys {K-ns ssIsb-gpp {]Xn Rm ssSp
sNbvXp-]qn-bm-n--gn-n-cp-p. Fs-tmse Adn-b-s-Sm Hcp
sNdp--m-cs Hcp ]pkvXIw GsX-nepw ]pkvXI-{]-km-[-I {]kno-I-cnpw Fv F\nv tXmm-Xn-cp--Xn-\m B ssIsb-gpp
{]Xn Bpw Ab-p-sIm-Sp-msX Rm Xs kqn-p-I-bm-bncp-p.
B Im-e-L--n hmvam \obpsS {K- {]kn-o-I-cn
"BKkv In\n-b' F hyn shq kin-p-hm CS-bm-bn.
B ka-bv Rm {]kn--\mb Cu {InkvXobFgp-p-Im-cs\
ImWp-hm\pw CS-bm-bn. Cv Xncnp t\mp-tm ssZhw XsbmWv B ka-bv F\n-p-thn am{Xw At-ls shq-cn-tev
Ab-Xv Fv hy-am-Wv. ]cn-N-b-k---\mb Hcp Fgp-p-Im-c-\mb
In\n-bsd Rm Fs ssIsb-gpp {]Xn ImWn-p-Ibpw hmbnv
Fs-nepw \nt-i- Ds-n kZbw \Ip-hm A`ynp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Atlw AXn\v a\-p-h-bvp-Ibpw ssIsb-gpp
{]Xn Cw-n-te-bvp aS--bm-{X-bn Hw sImp-t]m-Ibpw
sNbvXp. A[n-I-\m Ign-bpw-apt At-l-ns Hcp Ipw Inn.
ssIsb-gp-p-{]Xn hmbn--tijw Cu ]pkvXIw {]kn-o-I-cn--sSm tbmKy-am-sWv I Atlw t_mwt_-bnse ]pkvX-I-{]-km[-I-cmb tKmkv] en-td- ko-kn\v DNn-X-amb Hcp ]pdw-N-bpw
Xm-dmn Ab-p-sIm-Sp-n-pv F hnh-c-am-bn-cpp In.
As\ ""apK-W\ GXn\v'' (Supreme priorities) F Fs BZy
]pkvXIw 1970- shfnw Ip. ssZhw Fs {InkvXo-b-{K--c-N\-bn-tebvv Xn-hn-Sp-I-bm-bn-cp-p.
AtX hjw hnZymn-I-fpsS CS-bn kphn-ti-j-th-e-sN-p
UESI F kwL-S-\-bpsS t\Xm- Nne Cu ]pkvXIw {in--Xn-

62

63

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

\m FtmSv cv ]pkvX-I- Fgp-Xp-hm Ign-bptam Fv tNmZnm-\n-S-bm-bn. Hcp {Kw ssZh-lnXw Is-p--Xn-s\--nbpw atXv
skIvkv- h
- n-hmlw F hnj-bs
- -
- nbpw Bbn-cn-p-hm Ah B{Klnp. `mc-XobhnZymn-I-fpsS Bo-b-amb Bhiyw ap\nnbmWv Cu cp {K- Dm-IWw Fv Ah Xm]-cy-s--Xv.
Cu hnj-b-n Rm Bm-ambn kzKobm\-n-\mbn
ssZh-ap-J-a-t\z-jn-bpw aqp amk-n-\p-n cp-{K-
-- -fp-sSbpw
ssIsbgpp {]Xn-I Xm-dm-m Ahn-Spv Fs klm-bn-pIbpw sNbvXp. Xpp 4 amkw sImv BZy-ssI-sb-gp-p-{]-Xnbnse sXd-dp-I Xncp-p-Ibpw Fs ]gb ssv ssd-dn A-Snim-e-bn sImSp-m-\p tImn Xm-dm-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. 1970 se
Hcp cm{Xn-bn cp {K--fp-sSbpw Ah-km\ t]Pv ssv sNbvXv
XoXv Ctm-gpw hy-ambn Hmp-p.
Rm ssvssd-nMv ]Tn-n-n-m-bn-cp--Xn-\m Hmtcm A-chpw
Iot_mUn Isn ssv sNp-I-bm-bn-cpp ]Xnhv ("A-t\z-jnn Is-pw--amw' Fv Rm\-Xns\ hnfn-s!) cp ssII-fntebpw Hmtcm hnc-ep-I am{Xw D]-tbm-Kn-mt\ Rm ]cn-io-en-n-cpp-q. Xqew hfsc kmh-[m-\-n am{Xta ssnMv tPmen ]ptcmK-an-n-cp-p-q. ]e amk--fnse Azm-\-^-e-ambn Fs B cp
hnc-ep-I-fpw \no-h-am-b-Xp-t]mse tXmnb k`w Hmp-p.
ssIsb-gp-p-{]Xn ssp-sNbvXv ]qn-bm-nb cm{Xn-bn ssZhw
FtmSv Bh-iy-s ZuXyw ]qn-bmm Ahn-Spv F\nv
Ir]bpw m\hpw \In-b-Xn-ep ktm-j-tm-sS-bmWv Rm
Dd-m InS--Xv. 1971 emWv Pn.-F.-Fkv Fs ta-d cv
{K- ""ssZh-lnXw IspI'', ""skIvkv, t{]aw, hnhmlw''
F t]cp-I-fn BZyambn {]kn-o-I-cn--Xv. (Cw-ojv ]Xn-v)
1971 Chm--en- s^tem-jnv Hm^v CUy-bpsS hmjnI
kt-f-\-n ssZh-h-N\w kwkm-cn-m F\nv Ww Inn. Feoi-bpsS Pohn-Xs B[mc-amn aqp kt-i- shq-cnhp
\S B kt-f-\-n Rm \Ip-I-bp-m-bn. B kt-f-\n hN\w {]kw-Kn-m Akm-[m-c-W-amb hn[-n ssZhw
Ft A`n- t jIw sNbv X n- c p- p. Cu kti ap- - h cpw
tIWw F Nn Xqew Fn-ep-m-bn. Cu kt-i-
]pkvX-I-cq-]-nem-n-b-Xm-Wv.""ssZh-n\v Bh-iy-ap a\p-jy''
F {Kw.
64

1971 ]Ip-Xn-tbmsS Xangv\mnse \oe-Kn-cn-bn \S sIkvhnIv

Ihj-\n {]kw-Kn-m Fs Wn-p-I-bp-m-bn. ""kzbPo-h\p ]Icw {InkvXp-hns Poh'' F hnj-bs B[m- c - a mn
\mep kt- i - {]kv X pX kt- f - \ - - f n \Im- \ n- S - b mbn.{]kw- K - tS]v s dtmU- d n Bn kqn- p coXn
Av km[m-c-W-bm-bn-cp-n-. Fm Ap-X-sa-p-]-d-b-s, ssZhns ]c-am-[n-Im-c-n Btcm Hcm B \mep kt-i-fpw tSv
sNm ssZhw CS-bm-n. aqp-am-k-p-tijw asm-cm B
kt-i- HmUn-tbm-tS-n \npw tIs-gp-Xn-cmw F hmKvZm\-hp-ambn Fs kao-]n-Xpw bmZr-n-I-am-bn-cp-n-. ssIsb-gp-p{]Xn Ign--tm Bh-iy-amb t`Z-K-Xn-I hcpn ""sho-dn\p
]Icw Znhy-ku-cyw'' F Xe-s-tm-Sp-IqSn Hcp ]pkvXIw IqSn
A-Sn-im-e-bn \npw ]pd-p-h-p. Btcm Hcm kt-i- tSp
sNp-Ibpw asm-cm tIv Fgp-Xp-Ibpw sNbvXn-m-bn-cp-s-n Cu
]pkvXIw shfnw ImWp-I-bn-m-bn-cp-p. ImcWw, apn-es cphj-sf At]-nv ip{iq-j-bvmbn IqSp-X Ah-k-c- Xpd-s-p-sIm-n-cp--Xn-\m ZoL-k-abw ssIsb-gp-p-{]-Xn-I Xmdm-m F\nv Hpw kabw e`n-p-am-bn-cp-n-.
Cu Imcy--fn-semw ssZh-ns km-[n-Im-c-n X-k-abv X-hy-n-Isf Fs Pohn-X-n-tev Abbv-p-I-bpw, FgpXp-hm Fs t{]cn-n-bpw sNbvX Imcyw Ap-X-I-c-ambncp-p.
GI-tZiw aqp-hj-mew Fs {]kw-K-ip-{iq-jsb shn-p-cp-n,
FgpXphm\pw ssv sNm\pw [mcmfw kabw F\nv e`y-am-nb
hnZKv[-I-c- am-cp-tS-XmWv? Cu Imcy--sfmw kw`-hn-Xv Rm
{]tXy-I-amb Hcp ]cn-{i-ahpw \S-msXbmbn-cp-p-Xm\pw.
]e Fgp-p-Imcpw Cv Iw]yq- D]-I-c-W-pw ap-ambn ]Xn\m-bn-c- sNe-hn-Sp-Ibpw BUw-_-c-]q-amb hn{i-a-k-t-X-fn ]e-am-k- Xma-kn-bpw sNbvXmWv Hcp {Kw cNn-p--Xv.
Fs kw_-n-n-S-tmfw XpS--n hne Ipd Hcp ]gb
ssv ssd -am{Xambn-cpp Fs ]-ep-m-bn-cp--Xv. Fs ]Xv\ntbmSpw sImp-a-I-t\mSpw Hw Hcp sNdnb apdn-bn Xma-kn-p-sImmWv 1969 apX 1971 hsc Rm {KcN\ \nh-ln--Xv.
Fgp-Xm-\p Bibkpw F\n-n-m-bn-cp-p. Fm sNdp-m-tcmSv henb kvt\lw lrZ-b-n Dm-bn-cp--Xn-\m Ah
ssZhnIkXyw Adn-bWw Fp henb `mcw Fn-epmbn-cp-p.
65

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

AXn-\m 30 hbp {]mb-ap--tm ssZhw Fs Fgp-p-ip-{iqj-bn-te-bv Xn-hn-Sp-I-bm-Wpm-bXv. aqp-hj-n-\p-n 5 {K cNn-p-hm CS-bm-bXv ssZh-ns {]hr-n-bmbn am{Xw Rm
ImWp-p.
ssZhw Xs Cu {]hrn sNm-\p--Im-cWw Ahn-Spv CUybnse sNdp--mtc kvt\ln-pp F-Xm-Wv. Ah Ahn-Sp-sp-dn-pw, ssZh-h-N-\-s-p-dnpw Adn-bWw Fp-Xv Xncp-ln-Xam-bn-cp-p.
Cu Ime-sImv Rm Is-n-bn-p Hcp kXyw ChnsS
Ipdn--s. {InkvXob{KcN-\bvv ]W-tam, kuI-cy-{]-Z-amb kmlN-cy-tfm, {]tXy-I-amb kzm`m-hnIIgn-hp-Itfm AXy-m-t]-n-X-a. ]t{Xmkpw tbml-m\pw Fgp-p-Im-cm-bn-cp-n-, km[m-cW apph-cm-bn-cp-p. ]utemkv Imcm-Kr-l
- n InS-p-sIm-mWv an-tmgpw
Fgp-Xn-b-Xv. Ah Fm-hcpw ssZh-a-lXzw am{Xw At\z-jn--Xn-\m
ssZhw Ahsc ]cn-ip-m-m-hn-\m A`n-tjIw sNbvXp. kzw PohnXm-\p-`-h--fpsS shfn--n-emWv Ah Fgp-Xn-b-Xv. shdpw s]mbmb knm---f Ah \apv \In-b-Xv. etm]ew P\sf temI-sa-mSpw A\p-{K-ln-m, Ign Ccp-]-Xp-\q-m-p-Ifmbn Ah-cpsS Fgp-p-Isf ssZhw D]-tbm-Kn--Xns clkyhpw
asm--.

BZy-ambn {]kn-o-I-cn--s
{Kw (1969)

19
Hcp ]pXnb ehpw hoSpw
1971 Fs ]pkvX-I-v {]Nmcw hn-p-h--tijw CybpsS Fm `mK--fn \npw F\nv ip{iq-j-bvmbn Ww e`np-hm XpS-n. R Xma-kn-n-cp shq-cn \np IqsSqsSbp bm{X-I XnIpw _pn-ap-m-bn-tm-n. Rm\pw `mcybpw
GsX- nepw Hcp {][m\]- W - n- t ev Xmakw amp Imcyw
{]m\mhnj- b - a m- nb k`w. IqsS- q- s S- b p bm{X- I
shqt]m-se-bp Hcp sNdp-]--W-n \np sNp--Xn-t\-m
a{Zm-kv, _mwq t]mse-bp Hcp hen-b-]--W-n \npw Ffp-am-bn-cn-p-a-tm. tImfPv hnZymn-I-fpsS CS-bn kphn-ti-j-the
sNm\pw R B{K-ln-p. Cu hnj-b-s-{]n {]mn--tm
a{Zmkv]-W-n hnZymn-I-fpsS CS-bn-ep ]e ip{iq-j-Ifpw
CXn-\Iw D-Xn-\m Cu hn[-n-ep ip{iq-jbvp _wq ]W-am-bn-cnpw Fmw-sImpw A\p-tbmPyw F Nn i-am-bn.
Fm _wq-cn-tebvv Xmakw amp--Xn-\p-apv hy-amb hn[n ssZh-n \npw Hcp Ddv Rv e`n-Ww Fv \n_-am-bn-cp-p.
B ka-bv Rv \-hw ]cn-N-b-ap Hcp anj-\dn _mwqcnse Hcp _m]vnv k`-bn ip{iqj sNp-p-m-bn-cp-p. RfpsS a\-nse Nn-I Adn-bmsX Xs aqp-am-k-tv Atlw
Ah-[n-bn t]mIp-tm ]Icw AhnsS ip{iq-j -sN-mtam Fv
Atlw tNmZn-m-\n-S-bm-bn. Cu aqp-amkw Atlw IpSpw-_-ambn
Ah-[n-bn Bbn-cn-p-tm Rv At-l-ns hon Xmakn-m kuIcyhpw Dm-bn-cp-p. R Imn-cp ssZh-n
\np Ddv CXm-sWv t_my-am-b-Xn-\m Rm anj-\-dn-bpsS
Ww kzoI-cn-p. _mwq-cn kz-ambn Hcp hoSv Ip-]n-Sn-m
aqp-am-ks kmh-Imiw e`n-p-atm F Nnbpw Dm-bn.
As\ 1972 G{]n amk-n R _mwq- ]-W-n-tev
Xmakw amn. Rv kmZyw Hpw Xs Cm-bn-cp-q. hfsc

66

67

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

Ipdv hop-km-am-\-tf Dm-bn-cp-p-q--Hcp sStm hm\n Ib-m\p km[-\- am{Xw. Ahn-Sps _m]vnv k`-bn aqp-amkw
Rm ssZh-h-N\w {]kw-Kn-p. anj-\dn aS-n-h--tm Rm {]kwK-]oTw At-ls XncnsI Gev]n-p.
ssZh-ns `mhn-]--Xn-bnse Hm-as ]Sn-bm-bn-cpp Cu {lkzamb ip{iq-j. aqp-hj-p-tijw _mwq-cn ]pXp-Xmbn ssZhw
cq]w-\Inb k`-bpsS XpS--m-cmb Nnesc Cu Ime-L--n-emWv
]cn-N-b-s-Sp-hm CS-bm-b-Xv.
tImfPv hnZymn-I-fpsS CS-bn {]hn-m-\m-bn-mWv B\nbpw
Rm\pw _mwq-cn-tebvv Xmakw amd-dn-b-Xv. Fm hnZymn-IfpsS CS-bn bmsXmcp ip{iq-jbpw ]pXnb ev Rv Dmbn F-XmWv kXyw. ]Icw ssZhw Hcp ]pXn-b-k-`bvv XpSw
CSp-I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv. ssZh-ns hgn-I Ap-X-Icw Xs!
\psS `mhn-Im-cy- apgp-h ImWn-msX ]Sn-]-Sn-bmbn am{Xw
\s Ahn-Spv \S-p-p. Nne-tm Hcp {]tXyI ip{iq-jbvv
F an \s Hcp e-tv Ahn-Spv \bn-p-sa-nepw XnIpw
hyXy-kvX-amb Hm-bn-cnpw \ap-mbn Ahn-Sps lrZ-b-n-ep-Xv. ""Ahn-Sps hgn-I XnI-hp--h-bt{X; Ahn-Spv \psS hgn-IfpsS Ipdhp Xobpw sNp-p.'' (k-o.18:30,32) lt-eqm!!
\apv sNp-hm Ign-bp--Xn-t\-m F{Xtbm \mbn \psS
`mhn-p-thn ]-Xn-I Xm-dm-m ssZh-n\p Ign-bpw. AhnSps cmPyhpw \oXnbpw \mw Hm-a-Xmbn At\z-jn-p-tm, Cu
temI-nse Pohn-X-n\v Bh-iy-amb `uXnIImcy--fpw Ahn-Spv
\apv Xcp-p. Cu hnj-b-n {InkvXobhnizm-kn-I-fn cv
hyXykvX {]h-W-X-I ImWm-dp-v. Nne hnNm-cn-p-Xv {]mY-an-Iambn `uXnIm\p-{K-l- \Ip-hmt\ ssZhw B{K-ln-p-p-ffq
Fm-Wv. ap--h Nnn-p-Xv `uXnIhnj-b- ssZh-n\v
XmXv]-cy-an-m--h-bmWv F-t{X. cp-Iq--cp-sSbpw Nn sXm-Wv.
temI-nse GXp ]nXmhpw Xs Ipn-\mbn Icp-Xp--Xn-t\mfpa[nIw \ap-mbncp-Xp kzob]nXmhv \psS Fm Bhiy-fpw \nd-th-m X]-c-\m-Wv--H-m-aXv Bobmh-iy-fpw
]noSv `uXnI hnj-b-fpw Fp-am{Xw.
`mhn-bn _mwq-cn ]mnSw hfsc sNe-hp--Im-cy-am-bn-ocpw
Fv ssZh-n\v Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-s-nepw F\n--dn-p-Iq-Sm-bn-cp-p.
ssZh-ns ap-dn-hn R-fpsS ]mn-S-ns Bhiyw \nd-th68

m-\mbpw Ahn-Spv Hcp hgn-sbm-cp-n. Fs ]nXmhv henb kmZyw

Hpw CmsX tPmen-bn \npw ]ncn hyn-bm-bn-cp-p. Ign
40 hj-f
- mbn Atlw Xma-kn-msX asm-cmv hmS-Ibvv sImSpn-cp ]nXr-kz-mb Hcp sNdnb hoSv tIc-f-n Dm-bn-cp-p.
B hoSv hnp-hm Atlw {ian--tm hmS-I-m-c _pn-ap-pm-n. Av tIc-f-n Iyq-Wn-p-]mn `c-W-am-bn-cp-p. B
km CXp-t]m-se-bp IpSn-In-S-p-Im-cpsS ]-m-bn-cp--Xn-\m
kzw hoSv hnm-\p Fm Bibpw Fs ]nXmhv hnp-I-f-ncp-p. Fm ssZh-n\v Hcp ]Xn Dm-bn-cp-p. Nne amk-ptijw s]mXp-sX-c-s-Sp-n Iyq-Wnv ]mn A[n-Im-c-n
\np ]pd-m-Ip-Ibpw Hcp ]pXnb km A[n-Im-c-n hcn-Ibpw
sNbvXp. Npcp-nb Ime-n-\p-n Cu kmcpw ]pd-mbn hopw
Iyq-Wnv ]mn A[n-Im-c-n-se-p-Ibpw sNbvXp FXv Ncn{Xw. Fm Ah A[n-Im-c-n \np hnp \n B sNdnb CSth-f-bn ssZhw Fs ]nXm-hns hoSv hnp-hm CS-bmn! henb
hne-sbmpw At-l-n\v Inn-bn Fnepw Fs ]v ]nXr-kzn \npw e`n-m-\n-S-bm-bn.
1972 As\ e`n sNdnb XpI-sImv _mwq-cn Hcp ]gb
hoSv hmm Ign-p. Cu hoSns CS-]mSv kw_-nv kwkm-cn--

16, Utmm kvIzb, _mwK-fq - 1975 BK-v 17 \v

Chn-sS-bmWv R BZy-ambn k`m-Iq-Sn-h-chv Bcw-`n-Xv.
69

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

tm DS-a--bmb am\yh\n-X-tbmSv Rm ]d-bp-I-bp-mbn Rm

apgp- h hnebpw IW- p ]W- a mbn sNn- e q- s S- b m- b n- c npw
\IpI Fv. Cy-bn hkvXp--fpsS {Ib-hn-{I-b-n an-hcpw
\smcp `mKw XpI IW-nsSm "Idp ]W'ambnv \Ipp
F-XmWv hmkvX-hw. DS-a--bmb h\n-Xbvv Ah-cpsS _p-fn \npw Rm hmKvZm\w sNbvX-Xn-t\-m IqSp-X hne Inm
kmyX Dm-bnpw Ah hoSv F\nv hnm-\mWv Xocp-am-\n--Xv.
_p--tfmSv Ah ]d-Xv ""an ]p kXy-k--\mb Hcp
a\p-jy-\m-Wv. Rm hoSv At-l-nt\ hnp-I-bpq'' Fm-Wv.
Rv Krtlm-]-I-c-W- Hpw Xs Cm-bn-cp-p. hoSn-t\msSmw AXn-\p-n D]-I-c-W- apgp-h\pw IqsS-bmWv DS-a
hnp-Xv F-dn--tm R Ap-X-s-p-t]mbn! hfsc
\ymb-amb hnebvv hmnb B Krtlm-]-I-c-W--fmWv Cpw
R D]- t bm- K n- p- - X v . R- f psS Bh- i y- - s f- p- d n- p
ssZhnIIcp-X F{X IrXy-X-bp--Xm-bn-cpp! Fm-nepw Ap-XI-ca
- mb Imcyw aqp hj-n-\p-tijw 1975 Cu hoSv 16, Utmm
kvIzb]pXnb Hcp k`m-Iq-Sn-h-c-hn-\p CS-ambnop Fp-Xm-Wv.
Fs kmZyw apgp-h Rm ssZhthe-bvmbn sImSp-nv
]q-k-ab{InkvXobthe-bvmbn \mhn-I-tk-\-bnse tPmen Dt]n--tm Rm Hcn-epw Nnn-n Fs-nepw kz-ambn Hcp
hoSv DmIpw Fv. Fm F\nv XnIpw Am-X-am-bn-cp
]-Xn-I ssZh-n\v Dm-bn-cp-p. _mwq-cn Hcp hoSp hmm
Fs klm- b n- m- \ mbn Imem- h [n Ign- b pw- a pv Hcp kmcns\tmepw Iptd-m-e-tv ssZhw A[n-Im-c-n \np amn!
ssZhw sNp Fm Imcy--fnepw F{X-am{Xw IrXyX Ahn-Spp
]men-pp F-Imcyw Nnn-p-tm XnIpw Ap-X-I-c-am-Wv.
\mw ssZhs am\n-p-hm a\p hbvp-tm Ahn-Spv \sbpw
am\npw \n-bw. lt-epm!

70

20
hkvXp-h-I-I-fpsS
Dt]-Ww
Hcp-h X\n-p-s- Xm-sbpw hnp-]n-cn-bp-n-s-n Ah\v Fs
""H
injy-\m-bn-cn-m Ign-I-bn-.'' Fv tbip ]dp. (eqtmkv 14:33)
\mw tbip-hns injy-cm-Ip Imcyw Kuc-ha
- mbn FSp-n-p-s-n
temIw hne-bp-X
- mbncp-Xp Fm-hk
- vXp-hI
- I
- fpw lrZ-bw-sImv
]cn-Xy-Pn-p Hc- \ p- ` - h - n- tev ssZhw \s hopw hopw
sImp-h-cpw.
_lp-am-\w, m\w, ]Ww Fnh ]cn-Xy-Pn-m \mhn-I-tk-\bnte tPmen Dt]-n--tm Xt Rm Xocp-am-\n-n-cp-p. Fm
Ctm `uXn-I-k--nsImcy-n Rm Hcp ]pXnb sXc-sSp-ns\ A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-p-I-bm-bn-cp-p-.
Fs Pohn-X-n Fs-nepw Hcp hoSv kz-ambn DmIpw Fv
Rm {]Xo-n-n-cp-n-. Fm Rm app kqNn-n--Xp-t]mse
]gbXmsW-nepw Hcp hoSv Ctm Fs kz-am-bn-cn-p-p. `uanI-amb Cu hoSn-t\mSv Fs lrZbw ]n-t-cptam F Nn Fs
`cn-m XpS-n. Im-hn\pw F\npw CS-bn Hcp Imcyhpw ISp-h-cm Rm B{K-ln-n-cp-n-. Cu `qan-bn-ep GsX-nepw Hcp
hkvXphnt\mSv Ftm-sg-nepw Fs lrZbw ]n-t-cc
- pXv Fv F\nv
\n_--am-bn-cp-p. `qan-bn \npw kzmX{yw t\-Sn-b-h-cmbn shfnm-Sp-]p-kvX-I-n ImWp Pbm-fn-I-tf-tm-se-bm-Ip-hm Rm
B{K-ln-p. (shfn. 14:3 ]cm-h-\w). Cu hoSv F\nv Hcp hn{K-lam-Ip-hm kmy-X-bp-s-n Imhp Xs AXns\ An-n-cbm-Ww Fv Rm Bm-ambn {]mn-m XpS-n. R
Bcpw hon Cm ka-bv sshZypXn tjmv kIyqv aqe-tam,
bmZr- n- I - a mb Xo]n- S n- - n- e q- s Stbm CuImcyw \nh- l n- m
Im- h n\v Ffp- - a m- W tm. Bm- a mbn ]e- X - h W Cu
{]m\ ssZh-k-n-[n-bn Rm sNm-\n-S-bm-bn. ]e k`-fnepw shfn-bn t]mbn-a-S-n-h-cp-tm An-Pzm-e-bn Aa-cp
hoSns\bpw hop-ap-v Cu ImgvN Ip-sImv \np `mcy-tbbpw
71

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

aI-t\bpw ImWm-\n-S-bmIpw Fv Rm {]Xo-n-n-cp-p.

Rm Fs "bnkv-lm-ns\' bmK-]o-T-n hv ssZh-ap-msI
An-n-cp-p. Fm ssZhw Fs hoSv \in-n-n-. B hoSv kqnp-hm ssZhw Rv A\p-hmZw Xp. Cpw R AhnsS
]mp-p. Fm B hoSv R-fpsS "kz-'a. Hm-as Znhkw
apX AXv Im-hns hoSm-bn-cp-p. R-fptSsX Nn Hcnepw IS-p-h-n-. Im-hn\pw Ahn-Sps apw D]-tbm-Knm-\mbn AXv Fpw e`y-am-bn-cp-p. Ign 32 hj--fmbn R
AhnsS ]mp-p. At\-Iv AXv ssZh-`-h-\-ambpw kz-ns
hmXn-embpw Cu Ime-sam-sbpw Xo Im-hns\ R lrZb-]qw kvXpXn-p-p. \jvS-s Bm- Cu `h-\-n hv
c-Is\ Ip-ap-n-bn-p-v, tcmKn-I kuJy-am-bn-p-v, `qX-_m-[nX kzX-{-cm-bn-p-v, Poh-\p ssZh-ns k` AhnsS ]Wn-bs-n-p-v. Cu hon \npw ]pkvX-I-fpw {InkvXob kt-i-fpsS tSp-Ifpw temI-ns ]e-`m-K--fn-tev Abbvs-Sp-Ibpw
Ah At\-Isc A\p-{K-ln-p-Ibpw sNbvXn-p-v. CXn-\m-bn-mWv ssZhw
Rv B hoSv \In-bs
- Xv Cv Rm hy-am-bn-m-Wp-p.
ssZhw \ap-s-m-hpw `uXnIhkvXp- \Ip-Xv ap-h
- sc
A\p-{K-ln-pI F ey-tm-sS-bm-Wv. `uXnIhkvXp-v ]cam-h[n aqeyw Dm-Ip-Xv Ah \appw IpSpw-_mw-K-pw thn
am{Xw D]-tbm-Kn-p-tm-g-, ap--hsc klm-bn-p-hm\pw A\p-{Kln-m\pw D]-tbm-Kn-p-tm-gm-Wv.
Iptd \m Ignv Rm Hcp ]pXnb kvIq hmn. t\hn-bn
hv Dm-bn-cp ]gb kvIq D]-tbmKtbmKy-a-m nXn-bn-sen-bn-cp-p. ]pXnb GsX-nepw hkvXp--sf-p-dnv \msams sNmdp--Xp-t]mse ]pXnb kvIq-dn Hcp t]mdt]mepw hogmsX Imphm Rm AXy- [ nIw {im- e p- h m- b n- c p- p. hmn Nne Znh- k pn HmSn-p-tm Hcp Nne- i_vZw Fs {i-bn
s]p. FmWv XI-cmdv F-dn-bp-hm Rm ]pXnb kvIq Hcp
sam-\n-ns ASpv sImp-t]mbn. hml\w kqva-ambn ]cntim-[n--tijw Fnt\m av `mK-tm bmsXmcp Ipg--hp-an-sv
Abm ]d-p. Cu hnjbn Rm Im-hns kn-[n-bn
sN-tm Cu ]pXnb kvIq bmK-]o-T-n sImp-hv Ahn-Sptv An-n-n F Imcyw F\nv t_my-am-bn. Hcp ]pXnb
kvIq t]mse sNdn-sbmcp hkvXp-hn-t\m-Sp-t]mepw t_m[-]q-a
- msX
72

Xt Fs lrZbw ]n-tcmw F bmYmyw Rm {Kln-p. X^e-ambn Fs kvIqdpw Rm bmK-]o-T

- n Im-hn\v kan-p.
C\n-ap-X AXv Im-hn-t-Xm-I-bm AhnSptv CjvS-ap-- hn[- n D]- t bm- K n- m e`y- a m- b n. AXv Im- h ns a- f mb
Bs-nepw D]-tbm-Kn-m sImSp-mt\m Zm\w sNmt\m F\nv
aSn-bn-m-Xm-bn. Bsc-nepw AXv Iptd ka-b-tv D]-tbm-Kn-ptm Fs-nepw tISp-]-n-bm B Imcyw Fs Akz--\mm Rm A\p-h-Zn-n-cp-n- -Im-cWw, kvIq Im-hn-t-Xm-bn-gn-n-cp-p. HmSn-p-tm-gp Nne- i_vZw DS Xt \nebvp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Hcp hoSp-t]mse henw DtXm Hcp kvIq t]mse sNdn-btXm
Fp-am-Is; Rm\pw Fs `mcybpw Fm `uXnIhkvXp--fn
\npw lrZ-bw-sImp kzX-{-cm-bn-cn-tWw F-Xm-bn-cpp ssZhlnXw Fv Rm a\-n-em-n. honte Ce-Iv{SnIv D]-I-c-W--fmIs, [cn-p hkv{X--fm-I-s, Fm hkvXp-fpw Cu {]am-Wns ]cn-[n-bn hn-cp-p. Hpw-Xs R-fpsS kzw F
\ne-bn Icp-Xp-hm Rv Ah-Im-i-an-m-bn-cp-p. Nne-tm
honte tSvdn-tmU-tdm, anIvkntbm tISmbn {]hn-msX
hm Atm-sgms ssZhw Rtf Hmn-p-am-bn-cp-p, Hcp
hkvXp-hn-s\bpw kvt\ln-p-Itbm kz-sa Nn-bn ssIhiw
hbvp-Itbm sN-cp-sX-v. (tem-I-nse hkvXp- ssIImcyw
sNp-tm \mw {i-bp--h-cm-bn-cn-Ww F Imcyw Cu k`n hnkva-cn-p-Iq-Sm).
temI-nte GsX-nepw hkvXp--tfm-Sp kvt\lw aqew RfpsS Bmhv aen-\-s-S-cp-sX Imcy-n Im-hn\v \njvjbp-m-bn-cp-p. tbip-hns Hcp injy-\m-bn-cn-pXn\pw Ahn-Spt
k` ]Wn-b-s-Sp--Xn\pw {]mY-an-I-ambn Cu Imcyw Bh-iy-am-bn-cpp. `uXnIhkvXp- hon Dm-bn-cn-s-s Ah Hpw
kzm-]-c-ambn ssIhiw hbvm bYm{InkvXp-in-jy-cm-bncn-m Fsbpw Fs `mcy-tbbpw Ipdnv Imhv B{K-ln-p.
temI-nte Imcy--tf-n BIp-e-Nn--cm-ImsX AXym-{K-l-n
\npw kzX{yw {]m]n Hcp PohnXw Rv ssZh-Ir-]-bm
kmy-am-bn. Im-hn--Im-hn am{Xw R ktmjw
Is-n-bn-cn-p-p. lt-epm!

73

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

{InkvXob{]kw-K-I, {K-Im-hv, tdUntbm{]`m-j-I Fo

\ne-I-fn Rm ]cs Adn-b-s-n-cp--Im-ew. \ {]Nm-c-ap Bdv
{InkvXob {K- CXn-\Iw Rm cNn-p-I-gn-n-cp-p. Ah-bn
NneXv ap `mc-Xob `mj-I-fn-tev ]cn-`m-j-s-Sp-n-bn-cp-p. enhnwKv
ss__n-fns ]cn-`m-j-I-s\ \ne-bn {]kn--\mb sI sSbn-e
1971 Fs ImWp-Ibpw "ssZh-lnXw Is-pI' F Fs
{Kw Ata-cn--bn-ep At-l-ns {]kn-o-I-cWime-bn-eqsS
{]kn-o-I-cn-m A\p-hmZw tNmZn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. 1972 SntU

lukv F {]kn--amb {]kn-o-I-c-W-ime {]kvXpX {Kw {]kno-I-cn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. BgvN-tXm-dp-ap Fs tdUntbm {]`m-jW- ZnW]qth-jy-bn-epS\ofw {]t-]Ww sNp-p-m-bncp-p. Cybn hnhn[ CS--fn am{X-a knwKq, {_n, Hmkvt{Senb XpS-nb cmPy--fnepw \S-p Bg-ta-dnb {InkvXobkt-f\--fnepw "sIkvhnIv' alm-tbm-K--fnepw {][m\{]kw-K-I-\mbn
Fs Wn-n-cp Imew. 21 Znh-k- XpS-bmbn DWp-tbmK-fn Hcp ev ssZh-h-N\w kwkm-cn-Xv Hmp-p. At\I ]m]-sf-p-dnv A\p-X-]nv ssZh-n--tev Xncn-bp-hm
{]kvXpX kt-f-\- apJm--c-ambn. kphn-ti-j-hn-lnX{InkvXob-tem-Iv Rm DZn-p-b-cp Hcp "\-{X-'ambnon-cpp!
Fm Cu Ime-Lw apgp-h (1971 ayw apX 1974 HSp-hn
hsc) Rm B-cn-I-ambn ]nam--n-tev s]mbvsmncn--bmbn-cp-p. Cu Imew Fmw a\p-jy-cpsS apn-ep Fs _mly-PohnXw Ip-a--Xm-bn-cp-p. hyn-]-c-amb km-nI CS-]m-Sp-I-fn-epw,
\nIpXn sImSp-p Imcy-nepw Fmw Rm XnIpw kXy-k-\m-bn-cpp Xm\pw. Fm Fs Nnm-a-WvU-e-n Rm ]cm-PnX-\m-bn-cp-p. tIm]w XpS-nb Imcy--fn honepw Rm ]cm-P-bs-psImn-cp-p. Fs tdUntbm {]`m-j-W--tfm, av {]kw-Ktfm {ihn-n-cp Bcpw Xs Fs ]cm-P-b-s hyn-Po-hn-Xs--ddn Adn-n-cp-n-. ImcWw, Rm hfsc i-ambn ssZh-hN\w {]kw-Kn-p-sIm-n-cp-p. Cu Imev Hcn-epw Fs {]kw-Knm-\p knnv bmsXm-cp-hn[ Ipdhpw kw`-hn-n-cp-n-.
1973 Unkw-_dn Bkvt{X-en-b-bnse sat_m ]-W-n
"sIkvhnIv alm-tbm-K--fn {]kw-Kn-m t]mb k`-n
AhnsS \npw {]kn-o-I-cn-p Hcp {InkvXob]{Xw AXp-hsc tInp--Xn hv Ghpw \ "sIkvhnIv {]kw-K-I' Fv Ft-pdnv {]iw- k n- - b p- m- b n. ]m]- ns ta Pb- a p Bg- a mb
{InkvXob Pohn-X-s-n {]kw-Kn-p Rm Fs Nnm-a-WvUe-n ]cm-Pn-X-\m-sWv ]{X-m-cptm Adn-bpp?. i-amb
{]kwKip{iq-j-bp Hcp-h Bn-I-\m-bn-cnpw Fv \ hnizmkn-It]mepw Nnn-p-t]m-Im CS-bpv F kXyw Rm {Klnp-I-bm-bn-cp-p. Hcp-h\v Ghpw \ Hcp {InkvXob{]kw-K-I-\m-bncn-p-tm Xs Ghpw henb ]nam--m-c\pw Bbn-cn-m
Ignbpw F kXyw Fs Hm- s - S p- p- h m ta- d

74

75

21
]nam--ns
]Sp-Ip-gn-bn
1971 s ay-`mKw apX 1974 s Ah-km\whsc-bp Ime-L-n s]mXp-hmb {InkvXobip{iq-j-bn Fs {]ikvXn hfsc
thKw hn-p-hm-\n-S-bm-bn. Fs Pohn-X-nse 31 apX- 35 hb-ph-sc-bp Ime-L--am-bn-cpp AXv. Fm Fs hyn-]-c-amb
Pohn-X-n Rm Ghpw A[nIw ]nam--n-tev t]mb-k-a-bhpw
AXm-bn-cp-p. ]e {InkvXo-b-{]-kw-K-I-cp-sSbpw Pohn-X-n {]ikvXnbpw ]nam-hpw Hcp-anpt]mIpp FXv Hcp ZpxJ-k-Xy-am-Wv.
Cy-bn hym]-I-ambn ip{iq-j-I-fp Hcp ]mmXy{InkvXob
kwL-S-\, B Imev Fs Ah-cpsS AJn-teym Ub-d-IvS-dmbn
tkh\w A\p-jvTn-m Wn-p-I-bp-m-bn. kuP-\y-amb hoSpw,
Imdpw, sSen-t^m-Wpw, \ i-fhpw Ah hmKvZm\w sNbvXp. {][m\- a mbpw `c- W - ] - c - a mb Npa- X - e - I fpw hnhn[k`- I - f n B
{InkvXobkwL-S-\-bpsS {]h-\-sf ]cn-N-b-s-Sp-p D-chm-Zn-Xzhpw Bbn-cpp Ub-d-IvS F \ne-bn Rm \n-ln-tn-bn-cp--Xv. ssZhhN\w {]kw-Kn-p-hm-\mWv ssZhw Fs hnfn-ncn-p-Xv F t_myw F\n-p-m-bn-cp--Xn-\m Rm {]kvXpX
Ww \nc-kn-p-I-bm-Wp-m-b-Xv. `uXn-I-amb \-Imtbm kmnIem`-n-\mtbm Fs ssZhnIhnfn _en-I-gn-m Rm Xmd-m-bn-cp-p.

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

{InkvXob]{X-n h teJ\w Rm kqnphn-p-v.

Fs ]nam--n-eqsS Rm Xmsg--d-bp ]mT- ]Tn-p-hm\n-S-bmbn:
1. \psS {]h-\--fpsS ta D ssZhnIm\p-{K-l-tam, \psS
ip{iq-j-bn-ep ^e--tfm, \psS Pohn-X-s-p-dn-p ssZhns AwKo-Im-c-ambn Icp-Xn-q-Sm. \psS B-cnIPohn-X-nse
\n-e-X- am-{X-am-bn-cn-Ww \psS Bo-b-X-bpsS Afp-hp-tIm.
(2) \psS ip{iq-j-bn henb ssZhn-Im-\p-{Klw Dm-Ip kab-amWv Bob\nKfw \n Df-hm-Im Ghpw kmy-X-bp--Xv.
\nK-f-am-Wtm Hcp-hs\ ]nam--n-tev \S-p--Xv.
(3) Adn-p-sImv ]m]-n XpS-cp-tmgpw a\p-jyv \Inb
BnIhc- D]-tbm-Kn-m ssZhw Ahsc A\p-h-Zn-p-p. a\pjy-cpsS am\-t-m ssZh-ns AwKo-Im-cs \mw hne-a-Xn-pptm Fp Imcyw Atm tim[\ sN-s-Sp-Ib
- m-Wv.
(4) B-h-c-ap {]kw-K-I-cpsS hmIvNm-Xp-cy-tam, Ah-cpsS "hocy{]-hrnItfm' Fs Cv Hpw-Xs BIjn-p-n-. tbip-hns
\ma-n {]h-Nn-p-Ibpw Ap-X- {]hn-p-Ibpw sNbvX
]ecpw HSp-hn Ahn-Sps apmsI \np-tm, hyn-]-c-amb
Pohn-X-n A[w hp-]p-en-b-Xn-\m \n \c-I-n-tev
t]mIpI Fv Imhv Ah-tcmSv ]dbpw Fv tcJ-s-Sp-n-bn-pXv Rm hniz-kn-p-p. (a-m. 7:22,23)
Rm ]Tn ]mT- Ign 30 hj-mew Fs {InkvXo-b-Pohn-X-n\v henb kwc-Ww Xs-bm-bn-cp-p.
1974 s ay-ambtmtgpw Fs Im]Syw \nd Pohn-X-sp-dnv aSp-p-tXm-n-b-Xns ^e-ambn ip{iq-jm-cw-K-p-\np hnc-anm Rm Xocp-am-\n-p. Cc--mv PohnXw \bnv P\s hnp-hm Rm B{K-ln-n-. Rm {]m-\-tbmsS ssZhs At\zjn-m XpS-n. Rm Im-hns the-bn XpS-c-W-sa-n AhnSpv Fs ]p-\mbn ]cn-ip-m-m-hn-\m A`n-tjIw sN-Wsapw Fs {]kwKw t]mse Xs B-cnIPohn-Xhpw Bbn-ocWw Fpw Rm {]mn-p. Fs-tmse Bh-iy-n-em-bn-cp
asmcp ktlm- Z - c - t \m- s Smw apS- msX Bdp- a m- k - mew Rm
{]m\ XpSp. 1975 P\p-hcn-bn ssZhw hopw ]cn-ip-m-mhn-\m Fs \nd-bvbpw Fs Pohn-Xs kaqew ampIbpw
sNbvXp.

ssZhw Xs Bm-hns\ Aln-p--h-, \n-lm-b-X-bn

ssZhs At\z-jn-p--hmWv \Ip-Xv Fv Cv F\n--dnbmw. B Ime-L--ntem Ctm ]cn-ip-m-m-hns\ {]m]n-m
Rm Al-\-. ]m]--a-t]mse ]cn-ip-m-mhpw XnIpw ssZhns Zm\-am-Wv. B Znhkw apX Ign ap-Xn-e-[nIw hj-fmbn Fs PohnXw XnIpw hyXy-kvX-am-Wv. tXP-n-t tXPv
]I-cs
- -Sp Hm-bn-on-cn-pp Pohn-Xw. \c-Imn am{Xw Alnn-cp Fstmep Hcp Acn-jvS-]m-]nv kar--amb ssZh-Ir]
e`np! \oXn-amamsc-b, ]m]n-Isfs am\-km-c
-
- n-tev hnfnm-\mbn h tbip-Im-hn-mbn Rm ssZhs kvXpXn-p-p.
Fnepw Fn-eq-sSbpw \nd-th-m-\mbn Imhv B{K-ln Imcy-fpsS ]qo-I-c-W-n-\mbn Rm ]cm-P-b-ns ]Sp-Ip-gn-bn
\n]-Xnv ]q-ambn \pdp--s-tS-Xv Bh-iy-am-bn-cp-p.
Cv Xqew cp Imcy- kmy-ambn:
1. Rm "Btcm' BsW-p \nKf Nnbvv Fn CS-an-mXmbn.
2. F{X henb ]m]-ntem ]nam--ntem Pohn-p Hcm-sftmepw F\nv ]p-`m-h-tmsS ImWp-hm km[y-a.
Bdp-am-k-p-tijw Ahn-Sps k`-bpsS ]Wn-mbn ssZhw
Fs Hcp-p-I-bm-bn-cpp Cu A\p-`-h--fn-eq-sS-sbmw! lt-epm!!.

76

77

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

Rm Btcm-Ky-hm-\mb sNdp--m-c-\m-bn-cp-p. Fm 1972-

_mwq-cn-tev Xmakw amdnb DS Xs XpSam-\-ambn BkvXvam
tcmK-m Rm _m[n-X-\m-bn. ]e-cm-{Xn-I-fnepw Ddw InmsX
Hcp Itk-c-bn Ccpv an-k-a-bhpw sNe-h-gn-tnhn-p-v. kzX{-ambn imtkm-Ozmkw sNm thn BkvX-am-bpsS kvt{] acpv
XpS-bmbn D]-tbm-Kn-tnh-p. BkvXvam tcmKn-Iv CUybn Xosc A\p-tbm-Py-a-m e-amWv _mwq Fv ]ecpw ]dn-cp-p. Fm Fsbpw B\n-tbbpw ssZhw Xs-bmWv Cu
]-W-n-tev Ab--sXv Rm Adn-n-cp-p. GsX-nepw Hcp
ImcWw ]dv Fs _mq- c n \npw ]d- - b - b v m- \ p
kmms Hcp B{I-a-W-am-WnXv Fp-Xv hy-am-bn-cp-p.
1974-s ay-am-bt- m _mwq-cnse Hcp _m]vnv k`-bn ]mdm-bn-cn-m Hcp Ww Inn. Fm Rmb-dm-gvNI
- f
- nepw cmhn-sebpw
sshInpw k`-bn ssZh-hN
- \w {]kw-Knmw Fv Rm tkm]m-[nIw
k-Xn-p. cv hyh-I
- f
- mWv Rm aptmp hXv: 1. "]m' Fv
hnfn-s
- -Sm Rm B{K-ln-p-n-. 2. k`-bn \npw Hcp ifw
Rm kzoI-cn-p-Ib
- n-. (A-hc
- n \npw km-nIklmbw kzoI-

cn-m-Xn-cp-m am{Xta ]q-amb ssZhnIkXy- Ah-tcmSv {]kwKn-m Ign-Ib

- pq Fv F\nv tXmn.) Ah cv hyh-I
- fpw
k-Xn-X
- n-\m Rm _m]vnv k`-bn {]kw-Kn-m XpS-n.
hyn-]c
- a
- mbn henb Bob Bh-iy-n-em-bn-cpp Rm. Fstmse Bh-iy-n-em-bn-cp asmcp {InkvXob kvt\ln-X\
- p-samv
Rm {]m-\b
- n Bm-ambn ssZhs At\z-jn-m XpSn. Fm amk- Ign-npw Hpw kw`-hn-p-n Fv
Rv tXmn.
1975 P\p-hc
- n-amkn Cw-n \npw B-h-c-ap Hcp {]kwK-I _mwq-cn Nne aonw-Kp-Imbn hcn-Ib
- p-m-bn. Rm Atl-ns ]pkvXI
-
- hmbn-n-cp-p. ]cn-ip-m-k
- v\m-\s
- -
- n-bp
At-l
- ns kp-en-Xa
- mb ]Tn-n- Fs hf-sc-b[
- nIw A\p{K-ln-n-cp-p. Rm At-l
- ns kt-f\
-
- f
- n kw_-n-bpw
]nt-Rm-bd
- mgvN Fs k`-bn {]kw-Kn-mtam Fv Bcm-bp-Ibpw
sNbvXp. Atlw ktm-j]
- qw k-Xn-p.
Rmb-dmgvN cmhn-se-bp k`m-cm-[\
- b
- vp-apv Imhv FtmSv
tNmZn-Xv C{]-Im-c-am-bn-cpp:""\ns hf-sc-b-[nIw _lpam\n-p
k`m-P\
-
- f
- psS apmsI Fgp-tp \nv Rm Hcp I]-S`
-
- \
- mWv
Fv Gp-]d
- b
- m \o Xm-dmtWm?'' ""AtX Imth'' Rm adp]Sn ]d-p. (\-psS cl-ky-]m-]
- sf \mw ]c-ky-ambn Gp-]d
- t- b-Xn-. Fm Fs Imcy-n Rm I]-S-`-n-bn-eqsS ap-hsc ]c-ky-ambn hn-pIbmbn-cp-p). Rm Fs Pohn-X-ns
s\n--e-I-bn Fn-bn-cp--Xn-\m Im-hns Hcp- b-Ym
kv]i-\-n-\mbn Fp-sN-m\pw Fp hne-sIm-Sp-m\pw Rm
Xm-dm-bn-cp-p.
ta]-d ssZh-Zm-k Xs {]kw-K-ns HSp-hn {]m\
Bh-iy-aph aptmp hcm-\mbn Wn-p ]Xn-hp-m-bn-cp-p.
B Rmb-dmgvN cmhnse {]kw-K-ns HSp-hn BZyw Fgp-tv apntev sNv Fs I]-S-`-n-sb-n ]c-ky-ambn Gp-]-d-bWw Fv
Rm \n-bn-p. Fm Ap-X-sav ]d-b-s, B Rmb-dmgvN
Atlw {]m-\-bvmbn Hcp Ww \S-n-bn-. Xqew ]c-kyambn Hcp am-]Ww \S-m F\nv Ah-kcw e`n-n-. Fs
kt]cv ]c-ky-amb Gp-]-d-n-en-eqsS \jvS-am-m Rm Hcp--amsWv Im-hn\v t_my-am-b-Xmbn F\np tXmn. AXp-am-{X-ambn-cpp Ahn-Spv B{K-ln--Xv. Rm Fs "bnkv-lm-ns\' bmK]oT-

78

79

22
]pXp-i
- n-bm
\nd-bvs- -Spp
\s

ssZh-k-n-[n-bn-tev hen--Sp-n-p-hm-\mbn ]e A\p-`-h-fn-eqsS Ahn-Spv \s XIm-dp-v. 1974 s HSp-hn-em-b-tm-tgpw, ]nn ]Xn-\-p-hj--fn Fs hnhn[\ne-I-fn ssZhw
XIn-cp-p. hnhn[k`-I-fnse aq-m Fs sXn--cn--bpw,
Fs ip{iq-j-sb-n Akqb ]qv Fs FXnp-Ibpw Fs
Xn--f-bp-Ibpw sNbvXn-p-v. Fs hyn-]-c-amb Pohn-X-n
At\IXhW ]cm-Pbw kw`-hn-n-p-v. hon-em-sW-n B\nbpw
Rm\pw km-n-I-amb henb sRcp--n-eqsS IS-p-t]mb k`-fp-v. CXn-s\mw ]pdta R _mwq-cn-tev Xmakw amn-btm Rm tcmKn-bmbnocp-Ibpw sNbvXncp-p.

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

n hp; Imhv AXv F\nv aS-n--p.

_m]vnv k`-bnse Bcm-[-\-bvp-tijw Rm {]kw-K-Is\ hontev D-`--W-n-\mbn Wn-p. `-W-n-\p-tijw hoSns apIfn-es \ne-bn-tev At-l-tm-sSmw t]mb Rm ssZh-in
F\nv F{X-b-[nIw Bh-iy-am-bn-cn-pp Fv ]d-bp-I-bp-m-bn.
Atlw ]dp: ""ssZhw Xs ip{iq-j-bvmbn \ns hnfn-tijw
Xs in \n\v \Im-Xn-cn-pI FXv Akm-y-am-Wv.'' Atl-ns hmp-I Fn hnizm-ks Df-hm-p-Ibpw ssZhw
in-m-bp Fs {]m-\bvv Dcw Acp-fn-bn-cn-pp Fv
Rm hniz-kn-bpw sNbvXp. R {]m-\-bvmbn app-a-SpIbpw Atlw F\n-p-thn {]mn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXn\p-tijw Rm {]mn-bpw Fs {]m\ tI-Xn\v Imhn\v \n ]d-bp-I-bpw sNbvXp. Rm C{]-Imcw sNp-tm Rm
Hcn-epw D-cn-m B{K-ln-m-sX-bn-cp hnNn-{X-amb ]Z- Dcn-m XpS-n. Rm t_m[-]qw Cwojv `mj-bn {]mn-m
XpS-n-sb-nepw F\nv {Kln-m Ign-bm hnNn-{Xamb `mj-bn
Rm hopw {]mn-p--Xmbn Is-n. CXv Fs Ap-Xs-Sp-n-sb-nepw Fs lrZbw ktm-j-m \nd-bm CS-bmbn. R Nne-an-\n-p-I am{Xta {]mn-n-cp-p-q.
R {]m\ Ignv Fgp-tp-tm Rm At-ltmSv Atlw Fn-eqsS tI-sX-sv tNmZn-p. Rm A\y-`m-jI-fn kwkm-cn-p--XmWv Xm tI-sXv Atlw adp-]Sn ]d-p.!
]noSv Fs `mcy ]d-bp-I-bp-m-bn, Rm apI-fn-es \ne-bn
\npw {]m-\bvp tijw Cd-n-h--tm Fs apJs
{]Imiw Iv Ftm Ap-X-I-c-amb Hc-\p-`hw F\n-p-mbn Fv
a\-n-em-b-Xmbn. ssZhw hmkvX-h-ambn Fs kin Znh-k-am-bncpp AXv. AXn-\p-tijw FmImcy-fpw hyXy-kvX-am-Ip-I-bm-bn-cpp.!
B Znh-k
- n-\p-tijw Rm Hcp sXpw sNbvXn-n Ftm F\nv
hogvN kw`-hn-n-n FtmA Rm ]d-p-h-cp--Xv. Ap-ap-X
t\tc apI-fn-te-p Hcp {InkvXob \S-m-bn-cpp FtXv Fpa]d-bp--Xv. Fm B Znhkw1975 P\p-hcn 12-mw -Xo-b-Xn--Fs
Pohn-X-ns Zni s]mXp-hmbn Xncn-p-hn-S-s Znh-k-am-bn-cpp Fv
F\nv ]d-bm Ign-bpw. Ap-ap-X Fs Pohn-X-ns {Km^v

apI-fn-es Zni-bn-tep Xt t]mIm XpS-n--gn-p. B A\pKr-loXZnh-k-n-\p-tijw 30 hj- IS-p-t]m-bn--Cv PohnXw

XnIpw hyXy-kvX-am-Wv. Fs Pohn-X-ns {Km^v {in-p-t\m-nbm AXv Hcp t\ tcJ-b adnv hf-hp-I-fp, Dbbpw XmgvNbpw
D Hcp tcJ-bm-sWp ImWmw. Fm {Km^v apI-fn-es Zni-bntep Xs-bmWv apt-dp--Xv. Rm Im-hn-t\mSv IqSp-X ASpp-tmdpw B tcJ-bnse hyXn-bm-\- Ipd-p-h-cp-p-v. Rm
XnI--h-\; ]t aptmv Bbp-p. ssZh-tm-Sp-mb Ap-XI-ca
- mb Cu IqSn-m-gvNb
- psS Dt]m]-sa \ne-bn Imhv
Fs BkvXvam tcmK-n \npw hnap-\mn. AXn-\p-tijw B
tcmKw Fs Ae-n-bn-n-.
"Bm-hn-ep ]pXnb DS--Sn-bpsS PohnXw' Fm-sWv Rm
Is-n-bn-p-v--tbip Xs k`-bvmbn {Iqin km-Zn-Xpw
s]s-tm-kvXp-\m-fn Zm\w sNbvX-Xp-amb Pohn-X-am-WXv! ltepm!!.

80

81

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

23
]cn-ip-m\ndhpw
AXn\ptijhpw
am\-km--c-s kabw apX Rm\pw Fs ]Xv\n B\nbpw
{_Z-d k`mIqm-bva-bn-em-bn-cp-p. AXp-sIm-p-Xs ]cn-ip-m-kv\m-\sn-bp ssZh-h-N-\-{]-Im-c-ap D]-tZ-ihpw A\y-`m-jmh-chpw AwKo-I-cn-pI Rv _pn-ap-p Imcy-am-bn-cp-p.
1963A\y-`mjm`mjWw IqSmsX Hcf-hn-ep Bm-hns ioI-c-Ww, Rm A\p-`-hn-n-cp-p. ssZhw Xncp-ln-X-ambn \Ip ]w
A\y- ` m- j m- h - c hpw kzoI-- c n- m Rm Hcp- - a m- b n- c p- p. ]cn- i pmkv\m\-s-p-dn-p ]e kt-i-fpw Rm tSv dntmUpsNbvXv tIp-p-m-bn-cp-p. Fm B\n Cu D]-tZ-i-tmSv
aphn-[n-bp hyn-B-bn-cp--Xn-\m Rm Ccw tSp-I
tIp-Xv Ahv ktm-j-am-bn-cp-n. Rm s]-tm-kvXpIm-c-\m-bn-o-cptam F `b-am-bn-cpp Cu at\m-`m-h-n\p ]nn.
Ap-X-sap ]d-b-s, Xma-kn-bmsX B\n Bo-b-ambn henb
Bh-iy-t_m-[-n-em-bn. Du-kz-e-bmb Hcp tImfPv Ipamcn Bbncp--tm ]Tn-n-cp tImf-Pnepw kao-]-p kv{XoI-fpsS Pbnenepw Hs c-bpsS A\p-`hw kmn-p-am-bn-cp-p. Fm
Ctm kzw ip{iqj Fm-sWp t]mepw hy-amb t_myw
Cm Hcp ]q- k - a b{Inkv X ob{]h- I - \ p- a mbn Ah- f psS
hnhmlw \S-n-cn-p-p. kz-ambn Hcp hoSv hmS-I-bvs-Sp-m
Rv {]m]vXn-bn-m-bn-cp-X
- n-\m amXm-]n-Xm- Rv X
Hcp apdn-bn R Xma-kn-n-cp Imew. R-fpsS BZys aI
]nd-nv A[n-I-\m-fp-I-fm-bn-cp-n-. B\nv Hcp Ipn-t\ t]mn-hft Npa-X-ebpw Dm-bn-cp-p. Ipn\v amkw-tXmdpw ]msmSn-hm-p-hm th ]W-n-\p-t]mepw _pn-ap-m-bn-cpp. Pohn-X-k- B\nsb Dm-l-iq-\y-Xbntep Xn-bn-p.

B\nsb Wn-p. B\n Ah-tfm-sSmw t]mbn. Iptd-k-abw Ignv

aS-n-h B\n XnIpw hyXy-kvX-bm-bn-cp-p. Ah Dt-j-h-Xnbm-bn-cp-p; apJw {]Im-in-p--Xp-t]m-se. Ahv Ftm kw`-hnn-cn-p-p. Ign amk--fn AXy-[nIw Bh-iy-t_m-[-tmsS
]e-X-hW ssZh-tmSv \ne-hn-fn Imcyw Ah FtmSp ]d-p.
HSp-hn B {]tXyI Znhkw D-I-gnv ssZhw Ahsf kin-pIbpw ]cn-ip-m-m-hn-\m \nd-bvp-Ibpw sNbvXp. A\y-`m-jm-h-chpw
ssZhw Ahv \In. B kabwhsc A\y-`mj F ssZhns Zm\s ]q-ambpw FXnn-cp hynbmbn-cpp B\n.
ssZhw Ah-fpsS aphn-[n-Isf XIv Ahsf kin-p. B
Znhkw apX F\npw Cu \hcw e`n-t--Xn-\mbn Ah clky-ambn {]mn-m XpS-n. Fm F\n-p-thn {]mn-p
Imcyw Fs Adn-bn-p-Itbm Cu hc-n-\mbn {]mn-m Fs
\n_-n-p-Itbm sNbvXn-cp-n-. cl-ky-ambn {]mn-pI am{Xta
Ah sNbvXn-cp-p-q.
Ap- h j- p tijw ssZhw Ah- f psS {]m\ tIv
Ftbpw kin-p-1975 P\p-hcn ]{mw Xob-Xn-bm-bn-cpp AXv.
Fm C-c-n ssZhnIki\w Dm-b-tijw Fs A\p`-h-s-n a\-n kwibw DZn-m XpS-n. Rm bYm-n
Bm-hn-\m \nd-bs
- -n-cn-ptm? icn-bmb `mjm-hcw Xs-bmtWm
F\nv e`n--Xv--AtXm Rm Xs Dm-n-sb-Sp Nne ]Z-
kwkm-cn-p-I-bm-bn-cptm?

1969 HSp-hn B\nv ]cn-N-b-ap-m-bn-cp Hcp {InkvXobktlmZcn Iptd-k-abw {]m-\-bn- sNe-h-gn-m-\mbn Ah-fpsS hon-tev

Rm bYm-ambpw ]cn-ip-m-m-hn-\m \nd-b-sp Fn

AXn\v Hcp sXfnhv ]cn-ip-m-m-hn-\m Fgp-X-s ssZh-h-N\w Cu
kabw apX Hcp ]pXnb shfn--n e`y-am-IWw Fv F\nv
tXmn. ]pXnb\nbaw XpSw apX hopw {im-]qw hmbn-m
Rm Xocp-am-\n-bpw ambnkphn-ti-jw Hmw Aymbw hmbnp-Xp-S-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. P\n-n-p, P\n-np Fp Bh-\-fn-eqsS Rm [ym\-]qw Rm {InkvXp-hns hwim-hen hmbn-snepw Bob{]tNm-Z\w Hpw e`y-am-bn-. Fm 20-mw hN-\n Fn-b-tm ""Ah-fn D]m-Zn-X-am-bXv ]cn-ip-m-m-hn\mem-Ipp'' F hmp-I Fs Ap-X-kvX-_v[-\m-n. ssZhw
t\cnv FtmSv kwkm-cn-p--Xmbn F\nv tXmn. ""Fs lrZ-bn Dcp-hmbn Xte-Zn-hkw Fs hmbn-eqsS ]pd-p-h-Xv ]cn-ipm-m-hn-\m-emWv!! ""ssZhw hN-\-n-eqsS \Inb Dd-n Rm

82

83

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

hfsc ktm-jn-p-Ibpw Im-hns\ kvXpXn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

Cu thZ-`m-K-n-eqsS XpSv Imhv FtmSv kwkm-cn-m
XpS-n. Hm-aXv ssZhw Ah-fn sNbvX Ap-X-{]-hrn adn-bam{Xw Adn-bp-I-bpw, as-m-hcpw Ahsf sXn--cn-bpw sNbvX-Xpt]mse ssZhw Fn sNbvX {]hrn Rm am{Xw Adn-bp-Ibpw
an-hcpw sXn--cn-p-Ibpw sNpw Fv Dd-m-bn. cm-aXv adn-bbpsS Dn tbip D]m-Zn-X-\m-Ip-hm-\mbn ]cn-ip-m-mhv h-Xpt]mse Fnepw {]mY-an-I-ambn {InkvXp Dcp-hm-Im-\m-bn-mWv Bmhv
hXv Fpw hy-am-bn. Imhv FtmSv ]d-Xv A\y-`m-jmhcw temIsa- mSpw hf- s c- b - [ nIw sXn- - c n- - s - n- c n- - b pw,
ZqjWhmp-I t]dp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn--bm a\p-jyv hopw
Cu \ Zm\-n hnizmkw Df-hm-Ip-hm X-hw Rm tbip{In-kvXp-hns a\-p--h-\mbn Fs PohnXw sImv Cu Zm\s
BIj-I-am-p-I-bmWv sNt-Xv. Ign apXp hj-ambn Rm
Cu Imcyw sNm {ian-p-h-cp-p.

am-k-p tijw ssZh-`-\pw B-h-cw {]m-]n-n-cp-h\p-amb

Hcp {]kw-K-I _mwq kin-m CS-bm-bn. _m]vd-dnv k`bn {]kw-Kn-m Rm At-l-tmSv Bh-iy-s-p. At-l-ns
aonw-Kp-I-fnhv k`-bn ]ecpw ]cn-ip-m--kv\m-\-n-tev \S-s-Sm CS-bm-bn. X^-e-ambn `qcn-]w _m]vd-dn-p-Imcpw Akz-cm-bn....
]nimNv {Ip-\m-bn. Fm ssZhw Ahn-Sps km-[n-Im-c-n
kvt\l-]qw Ahn-Sps Dt-iy- \nd-th-m-\mbn \n-_vZ-ambn
{]hn-p-I-bm-bn-cpp!!.

B Znhkw apX Cy-bn F\n-p-t\tc \cIw apgp-h Cf-Inbn-cn-p--Xp-t]msebp A\p-`-h-am-bn-cp-p. "kmIv]p- A\y-`mj-I-fn kwkm-cn-pp' F hm k`-I-fn Imp-Xo-t]mse
]Sp. Bbn-c--W-n\v {InkvXobhnizm-kn-I Cu B-hcw
{]m]n--Xn-\m A\y-`m-jm-h-c-n\v `mc-X-ss{I-kvXhkaq-l-n
Cv am\yX ssIh-n-cn-p-p. Fm 1975 Imcy- hyXykvX-am-bn-cp-p. Bfp-Isf A\y-`m-j-bn kwkm-cn-n-m-\mbn AhcpsS \mhn Rm ]nSn-pp Fpw apw ]e hymP-I-Y-Ifpw ]cm CS-bm-bn. {InkvXobtKmf-nse Xs kl-{]-h-I-cp-samv
kmm Inwh-Z-n-I ]c-p-Xv BtLm-j-am-n. Fm Rm
AN--e-\m-bn-cp-p. Rm A\y-`m-j-bn kwkm-cn-p-sav Hpw
{]Xo-n-m ka-b-mWv Fs Ap-X-s-Sp-n-smv ssZhw
F\nv Cu hcw \In-b-Xv. an-hcpw Fs sXn--cn-p-sav AhnSpv F\nv ap-dn-bnv \Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Rm ip{iq-jn-n-cp _m]vnv k`-bn B-kv\m-\-ns thZ]p-kvXImSn-m\w Fm-sWpXn-s\-n Rm ]Tn-n-m XpSn. BgvN-I-tfmfw XpS-bmbn Rm CtX hnjbw kwkm-cn--tm
X-fpsS Pohn-X-nse in-lo-\-X-sb-n t_my-ap-m-bn-cp
Nne B-kv\m-\-n-\mbn Zmln-m XpS-n. Npcpw t]mbn
BgvN-bn Hcp Znhkw R Hcp {]m-\m-tbmKw XpS-n. aqp84

85

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

24
Hcp ]pXnb PohnXL--ns Bcw-`w
A sm-kvX-e-msc tbip-{In-kvXp-hns Pzen-p kmn-Ifmnov AXneqsS Fm-bn-Spw kphn-ti-j-k-tiw Fnp-hm apJm--c-am-bXv s]s-tm-kvXp-\m-fn Ah {]m]n AXni--amb B-kv\m-\-am-bn-cp-p. Acw Hc-\p-`hw Ahv e`nn-cp-ns-n Cv {InkvXym-\nXzw `qap-Jv Ah-ti-jn--bn-m-bncp-p. AXpsImp-X-s, Cv G-hp-a-[nIw hnhm-Z-I-c-hpw, sXmbn
A\p-I-cn--s-SpXpamb Hcp Imcy-ambn ]cn-ip-m--kv\m-\s
kmm ss{Ikv X htKmf- n Xo- X n- s \- p- d np \apv
ApXw tXmt Imcyan.
1975 s BZys Bdp-am-k-mew Rm _mwq-cnse _m]vn-pk-`-bn ]cn-ip-mkv\m\-s-n {]kw-Kn--tm B k`-bn
]ecpw Akz--cm-bn. B k`-bpsS ]mc--cy-n\v \nc-mXmbncp-p Ccw {]kw-K- F-Xm-bn-cpp AXn\p ImcWw. tbiphpw, Ahn- S ps Atm- k v X - e - mcpw {]kw- K n CS- - f n- s emw
Ahv ]mc--cy-hp-ambn Gp-ap-tn hn-p-v. (atmkv 7:13).
1975 Pqembv amkw Cw-n Nne aonw-Kp-Imbn F\nv Ww
e`n-pIbpmbn. Rm AhnsS Bbn-cp--tm Hcp Znhkw AXncm-hnse hfsc hy-ambn Imhv FtmSv Nne-Im-cy- kwkmcn-p. Fs Pohn-X
- n Cp-hsc C{X-hy-a
- mbn ssZh-i_vZw Rm
tIn-n-. Imhv ]d Fm Imcy--fp-sSbpw {]m[m\yw Av
F\nv a\-n-em-bn-. Fm 30 hj-p-tijw Xncn-p-t\mp-tm Fs Pohn-X-n-sebpw ip{iq-j-bn-sebpw Hcp ]pXnb Lns XpS--n-\mbn Ahn-Spv Fs Dm-ln-n-p-Ibpw Xmdm-p-I-bp-am-bn-cpp Fv hy-ambn ImWm Ign-bp-p-v. Fm
_mwq-cn aS-n-sb-n-bm-ep-S B L-n-tev Rm Xn-hn-Ss-Sp-sav F\nv kz]v\-n t]mepw hnNm-c-an-m-bn-cp-p. `mhn-bn
\mw {]Xn-k-n-I-fn-eqsS bm{X-sN-t-n-h-cp-sav Iv F{X ApX-I-c-ambn Imhv \s Imte-Iqn Dm-ln-n-pp!
Rm `h-\-n aS-n-sb-n-b-tm Fs {]kw-K-s-n
_m]vn-p-k-`-bn [mcmfw Ipip-Ip-ip-p-I \S-p-sIm-n-cn--bmbn-cpp Fv Rm Is-n. ssZhw Ie--ns ssZh-a-, kam[m-\-ns ssZh-at{X Fv {Kln-n-cp Rm kam-[-m\-amw
At\z-jn-p. k`-bnse ip{iq-j-Isc hnfn-p-Iqn Rm Ah-tcmSv ]d86

bp-I-bp-mbn, k`-bn ]cn-ip-m--kv\m-\s sNmn Ie-tam

]nftm Dm-m F\nv bmsXmcp XmXv]-cy-hp-an-s-v. Rm
k`mip{iq-j-bn \np ]nam-dWw Fv Ah XmXv]-cy-s-Sp-sn \n_vZ-\mbn bm{X-]-dbmw Fv Rm Adn-bn-p. DS Xs
k` hnp-t]m-IWw Fv Ah ]d-p. ASp Rmb-dmgvN k`bn Hcp hnS-hm- ktiw \Im A\p-hmZw tNmZn-p. BZyw
"kmy-a' Fv ]d-s-nepw ]noSv Ah Xocp-am-\-n amw
hcp-p-Ibpw F\nv bm{X-]-d-bm A\p-hmZw Xcp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
As\ 1975 BKv amkw ]Xn-t\gmw XobXn Rmb-dmgvN Rm
_m]vnv k`mw-K--tfmSv bm{X-]-dpsImp Ah-km-\s
{]kwKw sNbvXp. hmKvZtZi-ns AXn-cp-I-fn Fnb bn{kmtb P\-s-tmse \nm-b-I-amb Hcp sXc-s-Sp-ns apnemWv Ah Fv Rm Ah-tcmSv ]d-p. Hp-In Ahv ]cnip-m-m-hn-ep Hcp Pohn-X
- n-tev apt-dmw, As-n aX-ns
]mc--cy--fpsS acp-`q-an-bn Dg-p-\-S-mw. Rm {]kwKw Ah-km\n-n DS k`-bnse kl-ip-{iq-j-I-\m-bn-cp ktlm-Z-c Fgp-tv
C{]-Imcw ]dp: ""ktlm-Z-c kmIv ]ps ktiw k` Xn-f--Xn-\m Rm Fs m\w cmPn-shv k`-hn-p-t]m-Im Xocpam-\n-n-cn-pp.''
Fs Pohn-Xn-sbpw ip{iq-j-bp-sSbpw Hcp Lw As\ Ahkm-\n-p. F\n-p-thn ]pXnb NneXv Imhv lrZ-b-n kw{Kln-n-cp-s-nepw B ka-bv FmWv apn-ep-Xv F-dn-bmsX
Rm Nnm-p-g--n-em-bn-cp-p. AXp-hsc Imhv F\nv ]cnio-e\w Xp-sIm-n-cp Imcy-nsin-jy-msc Hcp-n-sb-Sp-pIbpw {InkvXp-hns ico-c-amb k` ]Wn-bp-I-bpw--{]-th-i\ Ihm-Sn-em-bn-cpp Atm Rm. B ip{iqj {InkvXobtemI-nse
Fm hn`m-K--fn \npw i-amb FXnpw ]oUbpw Wn-p-hcp-p Hm-bn-cp-p. asmcp taJ-e-bnepw Rm C{X i-amb
FXnv t\cn-tS-n-h-n-n-. ssZhw Hcn-epw \s {]m]vXn-p-aosX
]co t\cn-Sp-hm A\p-hZ- n-b
- n-. AXp-sIm-m-bn-cnmw ZoL-amb
]Xn-\m-dp-hjs Xm-sd-Sp-n\p tijw am{Xw Cu Hcp L-n-tev
ssZhw Fs \S-n-bX
- .v
B Rmb-dmgvN R cp-t] _m]vnv k` hn-tm ASp-Xmbn Fp-sN-Ww Fv Rv Adn-p-Iq-Sm-bn-cp-p. sshInv Fs
hon {]m-\b
- vmbn IqSm Xocp-am-\n-p. Hcp k` XpS-m-\p
bmsXmcp Nnbpw R-fpsS a\-n Cm-bn-cp-p. Av {]m\
Ign--tm CSZnh-k--fn {]m-\bvpw Iqm-bva-bvp-ambn
hopw IqSp-hm R Xocp-am-\n-p.-Xp-Sp aqp Znh-k-
87

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

Rm `mhn-Im-cy- kw_-n ssZhnI Btem-N-\bv-mbn D]-hmk-tmSpIqSn {]m-\-bn sNe-h-gn-p. ASp Rmb-dmgvNbmbtm cp IpSpw-_- R-tfm-sSmv hon {]m-\-bvmbn
IqSn-h-p. BgvN-bn \mep XhW R Iqm-bva-bvmbn IqSn-h-cnIbpw Hgn-hp-Zn-h-k--fn-semw D]-hm-k-{]m-\-bvmbn kabw
thXn-cn-bpw sNbvXp. Xncnp t\mp-tm D]-hm-k-n-sbpw
{]m-\-bp-sSbpw B ka-b--fn Hcp "inip' cq]w-sIm-p-I-bm-bncpp Fv hy-am-Wv. {InkvXp-hns ico-camw k`-bpsS {]mtZ-in-Iamb Bhn-jvm-c-amb Hcp "icocw' AhnsS DS-se-Sp-p-Ib
- m-bn-cp-p.
B ka-bv Hcp s]-tmkvXp k`-bpsS Ata-cn--m-c-\mb
]m ip{iq-j-bn \np hnc-anv kztZ-i-tv aS-pw-apv Rm
At-l-ns k`-bnse ]m BIm Xm-dmtWm Fv tNmZnp-I-bp-m-bn. Hcp k`mhn`m-K-ns `mK-am-bn-cn-m ssZhw Fsp-dnv B{K-ln-p-n Fv Dd-p-m-bn-cp--Xn-\m At-l-ns
Ww \nc-kn-p-hm F\nv Hpw Btem-Nn-tn hn-. _mwKvfq-cn ssZhnI Pohs ]pXp-ho-p-]-I-cm Hcp ]pXnb Xpcp-nbmWv ssZhw B{K-ln--Xv.
As\ R A\p-Zn\w aptmv \on. bn{km-tbasf
taL-kvXw`w acp-`q-an-bn \S-n-b-Xp-t]mse Bmhv Rsf Hmtcm
Znh-khpw \S-n. Rsm-hpw henb Bth-i-am-bn-cp-p.
sXp-I hcp-p-Ibpw Ah-bn \np ]Tn-bpw sNbvX \nc-h[n
k`-. Bm-hns hc- Fs\ ssIImcyw sNtWw
Fv Rv Adn- p- I q- S m- b n- c p- p. `mKy- h - i m Rv
Bpw Xs s]s-tmkvXp ]m-ew Cm-bn-cp-p. AXpsImv Cu hnj-b
- nepw Rv D]-tZiw ssZh-hN
- \
-
- n \np
Xt e`n-t-n-bn-cp-p. {]h-N-\w, A\y-`mjm`mj-Ww, `mj-I-fpsS
hymJym\w, Ap-X-tcm-K-imn XpS-nb hnj-b-sfmw ]co-W
\nco--W--fn-eqsS R {Kln-p-I-bm-bn-cp-p. kmh-[m-\-n
honse IqSn-h-c-hns hen-w-Iq-Sn, BZyw Ccp-]-Xp-t], Xma-kn-bmsX
ap-Xp-t]. IqSn-h--Nn-e Bm-X-bp--h-cm-bn-cp--tm apNn-e km-nIklm-b-n-\mbn am{Xw hcp--h-cm-bn-cp-p. B Imev Rv Imcy-amb hnth-N\w Cm-bn-cp--Xn-\m ]e-X-hW
I_-fn-n--s-n-p-v. Fm sXp-I-fn \npw R ]mT-
]Tn-b
- m-bn-cp-p. R Bcpw Xs XnI-h
- c
- m-bn-cp-n-. Fm
]q-X-bn-tev apt-dp-hm R lrZ-bw-K-ambn \n-bn-n-cpp. AXm-bn-cpp Pohn-X-ns ASp Lw...

88

{K-Im-cs CX-c-Ir-Xn-I
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.

Ap-X-k-Xy-
bYmkXyw
Cf-Im ASn-m\w
ssZh-lnXw Is-pI
apK-W\ GXn\v
ssZh-n\v Bfp-Isf Bh-iy-apv
tbip Pohn--Xp-t]mse
]pXn-b- hov ]pXnb Xpcp-n-bn
]pXn-b-\n-b-a-nse ssZh-`r-Xy
skIvkv, t{]aw, hnhmlw
ssZh-ln-X-{]-Im-c-ap {]m\
Pb-Po-hn-X-c-l-ky-
ssZh-ns AwKo-Imcw tim[-\-I-fn-eqsS
sho-dn\p ]Icw Znhy-ku-cyw
kqkphn-tijw
\n-fpsS {]Xn-tbm-Knsb Adn-bpI
kq-Po-hnXw
AnahnPbw
injyXzw{]m-tbm-Kn-I-X-e-n

tImn-Iv _-sSpI:

Poh-samgn ]n-t-jkv
Ipam-c-\-q ]n.-Hm.,
tImbw 686 016, tIc-fw
t^m: 0484-2604384, 0481-2392753, 0471-2530101

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

sNdnb Bcw-`--fpsS Znhkw

kmIv ]p
""Hcn- hfsc {][m-\-s--h-sbv Rm Icp-Xn-bn-cp Fm Imcy-fpw
Css Pohn-X-n\nv s]mbvtm-bn-cn-p-p. Ahsbmw Rm Nh-pIp--bn Fdn-p-I-fp; X^-e-ambn F\n-n\n {InkvXp-hns\ Bt-jnp-hm\pw {InkvXp-hn-\m Bt-jn--s-Sp-hm\pw Ignbpw''.... (-^nen. 3:8,9

sNdnb Bcw-`
- f
- psS Znhkw

sNdnb Bcw-`--fpsS
Znhkw
hmeyw 1

sa-tkPv ss__n)
kmIv]p-s Pohn-X-nse \nc-h[n kw`-h--fmWv Cu {K-ns DSwC-yt\-hn-bn Hcp Hm^o-k-dm-bn-cns am\-km--c-s-Sp-Ibpw ]noSv
t\hn-bnse DtZymKw cmPn-shv ]q-k-abw Ir-tk-h-bvmbn Cd-p-Ibpw
sNbvX B Ime-f- n ssZhw \Snb hgn-ICy-bpsS hnhn-[`- m-K
- f- nepw
A\y-cm-Py--fnepw k`-I m]n-m-\mbn Xs ssZhw ]cn-io-en-nv k\m-nb hn[-sf Atlw hnh-cn-p-p.
kmIv B\n ]p IpSpw_w
Ign 39 hj- Hp-tNv `mcX-n-sepw Im-hns\ tkhn-p-hcn-Ib
- m-Wv. C-y-bnepw A\y-cm-Py-f- nepw
hnhn-[ -C-S--fn-embn Ah injy-msc
Hcp-p-Ibpw Im-hm-b- tb-ip-hns
k`-bpsS ]Wn-bn hym]r-Xc- m-bn-cn-p-Ibp-am-Wv. apv Cyt\hn-bn Hm^ok-dm-bn-cpp kmIv; B\n Hcp saUn tUmIvS-dm-Wv. \mev Ba--fmWv Ahp--Xv--\m-ep-t]cpw tbiphns\ A\p-K-an-p injy Xs.

Poh-samgn ]n-t-jkv
Ipam-c-\-q ]n.-Hm.,
tImbw 686 016, tIc-fw

Hcp ip{iq- j - b v m- b p Xm- s d- S pv

kmIv ]p