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A E SSENTIAL L TEX

Mathematical symbols
D H V ` e R i s w 7  ' 3   # d d  2 6  @ &  " x 9 % 1 ! 5   )

\alpha \epsilon \theta \lambda o \varrho \upsilon \psi



\Gamma \Xi \Phi

8

A Not predened in LTEX 2 . Use the packages latexsym or amssymb

Table 2: Binary operation symbols

y

Table 3: Relation symbols

U Y

\leq \succ \simeq \parallel \subseteq \sqsupset \doteq =

l

\geq \sim \mid \subset \supseteq \neq \frown \vdash

\equiv \perp \ll \supset \cong \smile \in \dashv

\pm \mp \times \div \ast \star \circ \bullet \cdot

I

 0 4 $ ( t A E S W f p d a g

\beta \varepsilon \vartheta \mu \pi \sigma \phi \omega \Delta \Pi \Psi

\gamma \zeta \iota \nu \varpi \varsigma \varphi \Theta \Sigma \Omega

\delta \eta \kappa \xi \rho \tau \chi \Lambda \Upsilon

Table 1: Greek letters \cap \cup \uplus \sqcap \sqcup \vee \wedge \setminus \wr \diamond \bigtriangleup \bigtriangledown \triangleleft \triangleright \lhd \rhd \unlhd \unrhd \oplus \ominus \otimes \oslash \odot \bigcirc \dagger \ddagger \amalg

\models \preceq \gg \approx \Join \sqsubseteq \ni <

\prec \succeq \asymp \bowtie \sqsubset \sqsupseteq \propto >

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\rmoustache

\lmoustache \Arrowvert

\rgroup \bracevert

Table 4: Large delimiters

Table 5: Delimiters \leftarrow \Leftarrow \rightarrow \Rightarrow \leftrightarrow \Leftrightarrow \mapsto \hookleftarrow \leftharpoonup \leftharpoondown \longleftarrow \Longleftarrow \longrightarrow \Longrightarrow \longleftrightarrow \Longleftrightarrow \longmapsto \hookrightarrow \rightharpoonup \rightharpoondown

Table 6: Arrow symbols . . . ..

A Not predened in LTEX 2 . Use the packages latexsym or amssymb

Table 7: Miscellaneous symbols

t t t

f b VW R G

\ldots \prime \exists \Diamond \top \bot \mho

d

\cdots \forall \nabla \imath \flat \clubsuit \Re

\vdots \infty \surd \jmath \natural \diamondsuit \Im

C @ &7 '#3 & ( 2% & 0" ( '# & % # $"

\uparrow \{ \lfloor \langle |

\Uparrow \} \rfloor \rangle \|

\downarrow \updownarrow \lceil /

\arrowvert

\Downarrow \Updownarrow \rceil \backslash

l l l

\lgroup

56"

" ) 3& 9 B U a

\uparrow \Uparrow \downarrow \Downarrow \updownarrow \Updownarrow \nearrow \searrow \swarrow \nwarrow

% & ( Q p 1
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\ddots \hbar \Box \ell \sharp \heartsuit \angle

\aleph \emptyset \triangle \neg \wp \spadesuit \partial

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A E SSENTIAL L TEX

\arccos \arcsin \arctan \arg

\cos \cosh \cot \coth

\csc \deg \det \dim

\exp \gcd \hom \inf

\ker \lg \lim \liminf

\limsup \ln \log \max

\min \Pr \sec \sin

\sinh \sup \tan \tanh

Table 8: Log-like symbols \hat{a} \check{a} \acute{a} \grave{a} \bar{a} \vec{a} \dot{a} \ddot{a}

Table 9: Math mode accents

Table 10: Variable-sized symbols \widetilde{abc} \overleftarrow{abc} \overline{abc} \overbrace{abc} \sqrt{abc} f

\widehat{abc} \overrightarrow{abc} \underline{abc} \underbrace{abc} \sqrt[n]{abc} \frac{abc}{xyz}

A Table 11: LTEX math constructs

A Not dened in style amssymb, dene using the LTEX 2 \DeclareMathSymbol command

Table 12: AMS miscellaneous symbols

sp

\hbar \triangledown \circledS \nexists \Game \varnothing \blacksquare \sphericalangle \diagup

d d

\hslash \square \angle \mho \Bbbk \blacktriangle \blacklozenge \complement \diagdown

\vartriangle \lozenge \measuredangle \Finv \backprime \blacktriangledown \bigstar \eth

G C@ F HAd D BE )' 6 S (& 3)34 2 15 (& )'

()' & ()' & &# (& )'0

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\sum \bigcap \bigodot

\prod \bigcup \bigotimes

\coprod \bigsqcup \bigoplus

\int \bigvee \biguplus

(& )'

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\breve{a} \tilde{a}

\oint \bigwedge

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Table 13: AMS Greek and Hebrew

\ulcorner

\urcorner

\llcorner

\lrcorner

Table 14: AMS delimiters

   

Table 15: AMS arrows

E D C

Table 16: AMS negated arrows

Q P I

Table 17: AMS binary operators

\dotplus \Cup \doublebarwedge \boxdot \ltimes \rightthreetimes \circleddash \centerdot

a

\smallsetminus \barwedge \boxminus \boxplus \rtimes \curlywedge \circledast \intercal

\nleftarrow \nRightarrow

\nrightarrow \nleftrightarrow

\nLeftarrow \nLeftrightarrow

\Cap \veebar \boxtimes \divideontimes \leftthreetimes \curlyvee \circledcirc

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&

\dashrightarrow \leftrightarrows \leftarrowtail \curvearrowleft \upuparrows \multimap \rightleftarrows \twoheadrightarrow \rightleftharpoons \Rsh \downharpoonright

\dashleftarrow \Lleftarrow \looparrowleft \circlearrowleft \upharpoonleft \leftrightsquigarrow \rightrightarrows \rightarrowtail \curvearrowright \downdownarrows \rightsquigarrow

U X d g R p F   A %   ( 1 2 5 8 "

\digamma

\varkappa

\beth

\daleth

\gimel

\leftleftarrows \twoheadleftarrow \leftrightharpoons \Lsh \downharpoonleft \rightrightarrows \rightleftarrows \looparrowright \circlearrowright \upharpoonright

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Table 18: AMS binary relations

d

Table 19: AMS negated binary relations

\nless \nleqq \lvertneqq \nprec \precnapprox \nmid \ntriangleleft \subsetneq \varsubsetneqq \ngeqslant \gneqq \gnapprox \succnsim \nshortparallel \nVDash \nsupseteq \varsupsetneq
g p s l o

\nleq \lneq \lnsim \npreceq \nsim \nvdash \ntrianglelefteq \varsubsetneq \ngtr \ngeqq \gvertneqq \nsucc \succnapprox \nparallel \ntriangleright \nsupseteqq \supsetneqq

\nleqslant \lneqq \lnapprox \precnsim \nshortmid \nvDash \nsubseteq \subsetneqq \ngeq \gneq \gnsim \nsucceq \ncong \nvDash \ntrianglerighteq \supsetneq \varsupsetneqq

"

'

\leqq \lesssim \lessdot \lesseqgtr \risingdotseq \backsimeq \sqsubset \precsim \trianglelefteq \smallsmile \Bumpeq \eqslantgtr \gtrdot \gtreqless \circeq \thickapprox \sqsupset \succsim \trianglerighteq \shortparallel \varpropto \backepsilon

\leqslant \lessapprox \lll \lesseqqgtr \fallingdotseq \subseteqq \preccurlyeq \precapprox \vDash \smallfrown \geqq \gtrsim \ggg \gtreqqless \triangleq \supseteqq \succcurlyeq \succapprox \Vdash \between \blacktriangleleft \blacktriangleright

\eqslantless \approxeq \lessgtr \doteqdot \backsim \Subset \curlyeqprec \vartriangleleft \Vvdash \bumpeq \geqslant \gtrapprox \gtrless \eqcirc \thicksim \Supset \curlyeqsucc \vartriangleright \shortmid \pitchfork \therefore \because

 & ) A D

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Horrible Mathematical Examples to Study

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\begin{equation} \phi(t)=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2\pi}} \intt_0 e{-x2/2} dx \end{equation}

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(3)

\begin{equation} \prod_{j\geq 0} \left(\sum_{k\geq 0}a_{jk} zk\right) = \sum_{k\geq 0} zn \left( \sum_{{k_0,k_1,\ldots\geq 0} \atop{k_0+k_1+\ldots=n} } a{_0k_0}a_{1k_1}\ldots \right) \end{equation}

XYW

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(4)

\begin{equation} \pi(n) = \sum_{m=2}{n} \left\lfloor \left(\sum_{k=1}{m-1} \lfloor(m/k)/\lceil m/k\rceil \rfloor \right){-1} \right\rfloor \end{equation}

(5)

\begin{equation} \{\underbrace{% \overbrace{\mathstrut a,\ldots,a}{k\ as}, \overbrace{\mathstrut b,\ldots,b}{l\ bs}} _{k+1\ \mathrm{elements}} \} \end{equation}

\begin{displaymath} \mbox{W}+\ \begin{array}{l} \nearrow\raise5pt\hbox{$\mu+ + \nu_{\mu}$}\\ \rightarrow \pi+ +\pi0 \\[5pt] \rightarrow \kappa+ +\pi0 \\ \searrow\lower5pt\hbox{$\mathrm{e}+ +\nu_{\scriptstyle\mathrm{e}}$} \end{array} \end{displaymath}

\begin{displaymath} {F}(x,y)=0\quad\mathrm{and}\quad \left|\begin{array}{ccc} F_{xx} & F_{xy} & F_{x} \\ F_{yx} & F_{yy} & F_{y} \\ F_{x} & F_{y} & 0 \end{array} \right| =0 \end{displaymath}

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A E SSENTIAL L TEX

\begin{displaymath} \frac{\pm \left|\begin{array}{ccc} x_1-x_2 & y_1-y_2 & z_1-z_2 \\ l_1 & m_1 & n_1 \\ l_2 & m_2 & n_2 \end{array}\right|}{ \sqrt{\left|\begin{array}{cc}l_1&m_1\\ l_2&m_2\end{array}\right|2 + \left|\begin{array}{cc}m_1&n_1\\ n_1&l_1\end{array}\right|2 + \left|\begin{array}{cc}m_2&n_2\\ n_2&l_2\end{array}\right|2}} \end{displaymath}

\newcommand{\CA}{C_{\rm A}} \newcommand{\CV}{C_{\rm V}} \newcommand{\CPA}{{C}_{\rm A}} \newcommand{\CPV}{{C}_{\rm V}} \newcommand{\GZ}{\Gamma2_{\rm Z}} \newcommand{\MZ}{M2_{\rm Z}} \newcommand{\MZs}{{(s-M2_{\rm Z})}} \newcommand{\BE}{\left\{\frac{\displaystyle 3-\beta2}{\displaystyle 2}\right\}} \begin{eqnarray} \sigmaf_0(Q,T_{3R},\beta,s) & = & \frac{4\pi\alpha2}{3s}\beta \times \left[ \frac{Q2 \BE - 2Q \CV \CPV s \MZs}{\MZs2 + \MZ \GZ \BE} \right. \nonumber \\[-3mm] & & \\[-3mm] & + & \left.\frac{(\CV2 + \CA2) s2}% {\MZs2+\MZ\GZ\left\{\CPV2 \BE+\CPA2 \{\beta2\}\right\}} \right] \nonumber \end{eqnarray}

Bibliography
A 1 Leslie Lamport. LTEXA Document Preparation SystemUsers Guide and Reference Manual. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, USA, 1985.

2 Donald E. Knuth. The TEXbook, volume A of Computers and Typesetting. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, USA, 1986.
A 3 Michel Goossens, Frank Mittelbach and Alexander Samarin. The LTEX Companion AddisonWesley, Reading, MA, USA, 1993.

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