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Thomas Kennedy James Cranney United States History, Period B NHD Website Topic: Paul Reveres ride: A reaction

to British occupation PRIMARY SOURCES "Boston Massacre Obituary." The Boston Gazette 12 Mar. 1770, 779th ed. Archiving Early America. Web. 09 Dec. 2011. <http://www.earlyamerica.com/earlyamerica/obits/bostonmassacre.html>. Newspaper article from the Boston Gazette. It gives a list of people who died in the Boston Massacre one week earlier, including Samuel Gray, Samuel Maverick, James Caldwell, and Crispus Attucks. It also summarizes the events that took place, though not going into great detail. It mainly serves as tool of sorrow to raise awareness and fester a rebellious attitude towards the British. Revere, Paul. 2009. "Paul Revere's account of his ride." Paul Revere's Account of his Ride 1. History Reference Center, EBSCOhost(accessed October 25, 2011). This is a short account of the events that happened, in the words of Paul Revere. It was written in 1775 and summarizes the events that take place, including his alerting of Lexington, the armys move to the Boston Common, his capture by the British officers and some closing comments on the event as a whole. It is set in the first person, and is a primary source. It gives us an insight on what he was thinking, and his personal account of what happened. Revere, Paul. "Paul Revere to William Eustis regarding Deborah Sampson Gannet." Letter to William Eustis. 20 Feb. 1804. Massachusetts Historical Society. Web. 12 Dec. 2011. <http://www.masshist.org/objects/query3.cfm?queryID=358>. In this letter, Paul Revere writes to William Eustis, who was a member of Congress from Massachusetts. Revere is in support of pension for Deborah Sampson Gannett, who served i the Army for seventeen months during the Revolution. She had been disguised as a man, and Revere supported her actions. It gives us an in look at the life of Revere after the war, and his values that he still held after his ride. He was a man of humanity and justice, as stated in his letter, and could not allow things like this to happen. Revere, Paul. Paul Revere's Deposition. 1775. MS. Massachusetts Historical Society. Web. 20 Dec. 2011. <http://www.masshist.org/database/98>. Similar to another letter from Paul Revere, this deposition gives his own summary of the events that happened during his ride. It was most likely written at the request of the Massachusetts Provincial Congress. This was common at this time, and was used as a form of proof that shots had been fired by the British at Lexington. Revere explains who had ordered him to ride to Lexington and explained how and what happened as he tried to fulfill this order.

Revere, Rachel. "Letter from Rachel Revere to Paul Revere." Letter to Paul Revere. 2 May 1775. The Massachusetts Historical Society. Web. 09 Dec. 2011. <http://www.masshist.org/objects/2009october.php>. In this letter, Rachel Revere is writing to Paul. She is telling her husband about the difficulties she has faced from leaving Boston, after the American revolutionary forces surrounded Boston after the Battles of Lexington and Concord. This was her first time she was able to contact her husband due to British intercepting other letters. It gives us an insight into what their world was like on a more personal level during the revolutionary movement.

SECONDARY SOURCES American Fife Ensemble. "Brickmaker March." Recorded 1996. New World Records, 1996, MP3. Short sample of Brickmaker March, a Revolutionary tune. Its initial recording is unknown, the sample used is from American Fife Ensemble, recorded in 1996, but keeping the melody as is. American History, s.v. "Paul Revere," accessed November 6, 2011. http://americanhistory.abcclio.com/. This is another good source for general information on Paul Revere. It is a compilation of the information collected by three different authors, one of them being our holy grail author. This is beneficial because it is a reliable source of information as a non-bias source and given who the authors are, can make be assumed that the information is correct and well documented. It reinforces many of the ideas that other sources reinforce. Caes, Charles J. 2004. "MIDNIGHT RIDERS.. (cover story)." American History 39, no. 5: 3441. History Reference Center, EBSCOhost (accessed October 31,2011) This document emphasizes the importance of both Paul Revere as well as William Dawes. Unlike the majority of these sources, it does not just focus on and glorify the actions of Paul Revere, but also those who were with him, which often goes unnoticed. An important feature to be taken from this is a different perspective from the events that historians really only know one side to. Deane, Charles. "November Meeting, 1876. Members Elected; Paul Revere's Signal; Letter from John Lee Watson." Proceedings of the Massachusetts Historical Society , Vol. 15, (1876 1877), pp. 161-177, JSTOR (accessed November 15, 2011). This is a primary source that includes the signals given to Paul Revere from the North Church. The document includes Paul Revere agreeing with the Colonel about what signals to use. The signals given to Paul Revere were one lamp meant the British were traveling by land,

two lamps meant the British were traveling by sea, just like the famous phrase goes, "One if by land, two if by sea." Facts about Paul Revere You May have not Known. Paul Revere Heritage Project. 2007. (accessed October 25, 2011) This document is a list of things most people do not know about Paul Revere. For instance, Paul Revere never shouted, The British are coming! Because all of the colonists were considered British. Paul Revere also participated in the Boston Tea Party dressed as Mohawk. Paul Revere was also the Boston's Fire Warden in 1775. This document clarifies any common misconceptions about Paul Revere and his legacy in history.

Fischer, David H. Paul Revere's Ride. New York: Oxford University Press, 1995. Historical Monograph about the Reveres ride. Author David Fischer Hackett is a University Professor and Warren Professor of History at Brandeis University in Massachusetts and writes this book with a lot of prior experience on the subject. It offers a very deep and comprehensive insight on not only the events that took place during the night of Paul Reveres ride, but also the significance of it, how it affected the events leading up to the revolution, and why we still consider it today as one of the most important events in our own Revolutionary War. He analyzes the historical context of Reveres ride, and how his early life, along with the way society was in his lifetime affected his actions. He also parallels the relationships between the British and Bostonians as he explains the history, giving an inner look on the motives that many Bostonians may have had back then.

Fischer, David H. "American Revolution: The American Cause - David Hackett Fischer." Interview by Richard Borkow. YouTube. November 7, 2009. Accessed December 09, 2011. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GutWIkvEwvY. Interview from Village Historian. David Fischer is interviewed on his thoughts on the American Revolution. He highlights many aspects before the revolution, such as what colonial reasons were and why they had those reasons. This ties in to Paul Revere, as he was a major contributor to provoking these thoughts and actions, as well as having them himself. Interviewer Richard Borkow uses David Fischers book Paul Reveres Ride as a main reference for much of the interview. Forbes, Esther. Paul Revere and the World He Lived in. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 1999. This is another historical monograph novel on Paul Revere, though one of the main focuses in this is the setting and world that Paul Revere lives in. This is important as it gives a deeper insight into what influenced him, how the world he lived in is different from ours, and the way that these differences could have led him to do the things he did. Without knowing these things, historians can miss out on a large portion of the story of Paul Revere.

Longfellow, Henry W. "Paul Reveres Ride." The Atlantic Magazine Jan. 1861. The Atlantic. Web. 4 Dec. 2011. <http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/1861/01/paul-reverersquo-s-ride/8349/>. This is a poem by Henry Longfellow, and it describes the events that took place the night of Paul Reveres ride at a time where he hadnt been as known as today for it. It is thought that this poem is what turned Paul Revere into a sort of American legend. It was written nearly a century after the war and clearly leans toward Paul Reveres side, as it is a commemoration to him, rather than a non biased historical document. It is important to recognize this piece of literature as it sparks the interest and reveals what we know of Paul Revere today. The information in this poem is not entirely historically accurate, but what can be taken away is the attitude and feelings toward Revere, coming from an American during the Civil War. McGill, Sarah Ann. 2005. "Paul Revere." Paul Revere 1-2. History Reference Center, EBSCOhost (accessed October 25, 2011). This document is a biography of Paul Revere. It does not focus just on his impact during and before the American Revolution, but also his early years, and the different events that impacted his life. It is a fairly comprehensive summary of the entire legacy of Paul Revere, starting from his very early childhood and finishing with his experiences in the Revolutionary War and his postwar career. Being written in 2005, it offers a secondary perspective, and one in the eyes of a historian, rather than an actor in the events. Paul Revere - Full Episode - Paul Revere Videos - Biography.com. Documentary, n.d. http://www.biography.com/people/paul-revere-9456172/videos/paul-revere-full-episode2074726565. This is a forty-minute documentary done by biography.com that goes into the events that took place on April 18, 1775 and how they influenced the colonies and the entire world. They interview a number of experts and historians including Patrick Leehey, Jayne Triber and Alan Rogers and get perspectives from many different sides to the story, as well as general information on the topic. It is a good way to gather information and notes on another form of media.

Whitelaw, Nancy. 2001. "Chapter Seven: Paul Revere's Ride." Shot Heard Round the World: The Battles of Lexington & Concord 70.History Reference Center, EBSCOhost (accessed October 25, 2011). A short account of the events that happened during Paul Reveres ride, adapted from the article Shot Heard Round the World: The Battles of Lexington & Concord. It was written in 2001 and provides a secondary perspective, far after the events take place. This article only describes the warning of the colonists, and isnt strictly about Paul Revere, though does heavily emphasize it.

IMAGES Archive Rain English 172 The American Revolution Fall 2003 Google, Sanborn Herschel and Adler Galleries Library of Congress Museum of Fine Arts Boston Naval Historical Center Paul Revere House PBS Timelines USHistory.org Wikimedia Commons

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