)(5

5
:
:
Circuit Breakers & Switches
-1 :
Circuit breaker Switch




) .( 0.1
40 60 .


.
-2
2-1 Rated Current
) ( Root mean square value of
current
.
2-2 Rated Breaking Current
) (1 .
d.c. component
a.c. component
resistance
:
I d.c = 2 Vph / X
) ) ) Vph : Phase voltage of supply ( r.m.s. value
X : Reactance

I a.c. = Vph / X

)(.r.m.s
2
2
I b = (2 Vph / X ) + (Vph / X ) = 3 Vph / X
X X
) ( cycles
. ) Vph / (1.6
X

)(5

)(1
2-3 Rated making current I m

.
) (Peak value:
I m = 2 Vph / X + 2 Vph / X = 2 2 Vph / X
1.8 ( Doubling effect) 2
.
Rated short circuit current
2-4

.
Circuit Breaker Breaking Capacity
2-5
:
MVA b = 3 V I b

Where ,
V : rated system voltage in KV
Ib : rated r.m.s breaking current in KA
-3 Types of Circuit breakers
3-1 Air Circuit breaker


) (low - voltage ) (load current 3000
. )
(
Splitter ).(2

)(5

)(2
3-2 Oil circuit breaker


) (2

-:

( Bulk Oil Circuit Breaker

Plain - break circuit
breaker ) (3 )Bulk oil (4
circuit breaker with arc control devices
.
) ( explosion pot

.

)(3

)(5

)(4
(
Minimum oil circuit
breaker



) (5


132 33

5000 - 1500
.

)(5

3-3 Air blast circuit breaker

. .


.

. 110
. .

)(5

3-4

S F 6 circuit breaker

Sulfur hex fluoride



Gas
. insulated Switchgear GIS

)(6
.
)(6

3-5 Vacuum circuit breaker

) (7
.

. inductive and capacitive currents

) : (7

)(5

3-6 Solid - State circuit breakers

.

3-7 Direct current circuit breaker

. 1985 500
2200.
-4
.
4-1 Earthing Switches
:
Slow - operating earthing switch
*
Fast - closing (high - speed ) earthing
*




.
.
4-2 Isolators

) ( .