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0 RESULTS :
6.1 Density Measurements
Graduated cylinder
Graduated cylinder filled with oil
sample
Mass, M(g)
26.3647
33.3918
= Moil/ Voil
= 7.0271 10-3 kg 8 10-6 m3
= 878.3875 kg/m3
7.0 CALCULATION
7.1 CALCULATION IN THE LAB SHEET
Shear stress F = 0.395 torque(%)
Shear rate S = 1.138 speed (rpm)
Kinematic viscosity, (cSt) = dynamic viscosity (cP) density
(kg/m3) 1000
For instance, when temp, T = 60 C , speed 60 rpm
1st torque, 1 =89.6%
1st dynamic viscosity = 44.8 cP
2nd torque, 2 = 89.6%
Average Dynamic
Dynamic Viscosity,
1/
In ( Dynamic
T(C )
Viscosity, (cP)
(Pa.s)
Temperature, T
Viscosity ,)
40
0.025
50
26.10
2.61
0.020
0.96
60
26.90
2.69
0.017
0.99
70
21.65
2.17
0.014
0.77
80
26.90
2.69
0.013
0.99
90
10.42
1.04
0.11
0.64
100
24.25
2.43
0.010
0.89
Average Dynamic
Dynamic Viscosity,
1/
In ( Dynamic
T(C )
Viscosity, (cP)
(Pa.s)
Temperature, T
Viscosity ,)
40
16.7
1.67
0.025
1.21
50
25.05
2.51
0.020
0.82
60
44.80
4.48
0.017
0.66
70
29.05
2.91
0.014
0.26
80
43.40
4.34
0.013
0.30
90
12.15
1.22
0.11
-0.19
100
24.25
2.43
0.010
0.19
Average Dynamic
Dynamic Viscosity,
1/
In ( Dynamic
T(C )
Viscosity, (cP)
(Pa.s)
Temperature, T
Viscosity ,)
40
13.05
1.31
0.025
0.27
50
28.25
2.82
0.020
1.04
60
83.80
8.38
0.017
2.12
70
42.10
4.21
0.014
1.44
80
51.85
5.19
0.013
1.65
90
6.39
0.64
0.11
-0.45
100
10.65
1.06
0.010
0.06
Average Dynamic
Dynamic Viscosity,
1/
In ( Dynamic
T(C )
Viscosity, (cP)
(Pa.s)
Temperature, T
Viscosity ,)
40
65.05
6.51
0.025
1.87
50
31.65
3.17
0.020
1.15
60
74.55
7.45
0.017
2.00
70
58.90
5.89
0.014
1.77
80
73.45
7.34
0.013
1.99
90
13.60
1.36
0.11
0.31
100
13.60
1.36
0.010
0.31
Average Dynamic
Dynamic Viscosity,
1/
In ( Dynamic
T(C )
Viscosity, (cP)
(Pa.s)
Temperature, T
Viscosity ,)
40
86.20
8.62
0.025
2.15
50
101.25
10.13
0.020
2.32
60
198.75
19.87
0.017
2.99
70
166.05
16.61
0.014
2.81
80
149.55
14.95
0.013
2.71
90
10.65
1.06
0.11
0.06
100
3.85
0.38
0.010
-0.97
Average Dynamic
Dynamic Viscosity,
1/
In ( Dynamic
T(C )
Viscosity, (cP)
(Pa.s)
Temperature, T
Viscosity ,)
40
279.50
27.95
0.025
3.33
50
204.00
20.40
0.020
3.02
60
289.50
28.95
0.017
2.37
70
287.75
28.77
0.014
3.36
80
254.25
25.42
0.013
3.24
90
9.50
0.95
0.11
- 0.05
100
1.55
0.15
0.010
- 1.90
Temperature,
Average Dynamic
Dynamic Viscosity,
1/
In ( Dynamic
T(C )
Viscosity, (cP)
(Pa.s)
Temperature, T
Viscosity ,)
40
414.00
41.9
0.025
3.72
50
242.40
24.24
0.020
3.64
60
381.60
38.16
0.017
3.64
70
357.75
35.78
0.014
3.58
80
252.80
25.28
0.013
3.23
90
11.70
1.17
0.11
0.16
100
1.95
0.19
0.010
- 1.66
Average Dynamic
Dynamic Viscosity,
1/
In ( Dynamic
T(C )
Viscosity, (cP)
(Pa.s)
Temperature, T
Viscosity ,)
40
896.50
89.65
0.025
4.50
50
416.50
91.65
0.020
3.73
60
681.00
68.10
0.017
9.22
70
453.50
45.35
0.014
3.81
80
433.50
43.35
0.013
3.77
90
9.00
0.9
0.11
- 0.11
100
0.09
0.09
0.010
- 2.41
average
dynamic
viscosity (cP)
Dynamic
viscosity
(Pa.s)
ln(shear rate)
131.8
79.1
65.9
39.5
13.2
7.9
6.6
4.0
16.7
13.05
65.05
86.20
279.50
414.0
890.50
1.67
1.31
6.51
8.62
27.95
41.40
89.01
4.9
4.4
4.2
3.7
2.6
2.1
1.9
1.4
0.51
0.27
1.87
2.15
3.33
3.72
4.49
Dynamic
viscosity
(Pa.s)
ln(shear
rate)
Ln(dynamic
viscosity)
2.61
2.51
2.82
3.17
10.13
20.40
24.24
41.65
4.9
4.4
4.2
3.7
2.6
2.1
1.9
1.4
0.96
0.92
1.04
1.12
2.32
3.02
3.19
3.73
Ln(dynamic
viscosity)
average
dynamic
viscosity
(cP)
26.10
25.05
28.25
31.25
101.25
204.0
242.4
416.5
Dynamic
Viscosity,
(Pa.s)
ln (Shear
Rate, )
ln (Dynamic
viscosity, )
2.69
4.48
8.38
7.45
19.87
28.95
38.16
68.10
4.9
4.4
4.2
3.7
2.6
2.1
1.9
1.4
0.99
1.50
2.12
2.01
2.99
3.36
3.64
4.22
Dynamic
Viscosity,
(Pa.s)
ln (Shear
Rate, )
ln (Dynamic
viscosity, )
2.16
2.91
4.21
5.89
16.61
28.76
35.76
45.35
4.9
4.4
4.2
3.7
2.6
2.1
1.9
1.4
0.77
1.07
1.44
1.77
2.81
3.36
3.58
3.81
ln (Shear
Rate, )
ln (Dynamic
viscosity, )
131.8
79.1
65.9
39.5
13.2
7.9
6.6
4.0
Viscosity,
(cP)
26.40
43.40
51.85
73.45
149.55
254.25
252.80
433.50
(Pa.s)
2.64
4.34
5.18
7.34
14.95
25.42
25.28
43.35
4.9
4.4
4.2
3.7
2.6
2.1
1.9
1.4
0.97
1.47
1.64
1.99
2.70
3.24
3.23
3.77
Then,
Kinematic
viscosity at
40C (cSt)
Kinematic
viscosity at
100C (cSt)
Viscosity
index, VI
131.8
79.08
65.9
39.54
13.18
7.908
6.59
3.954
33.4
21.75
65.05
54.70
55.90
68.70
89.65
11.34
13.23
6.96
14.80
11.59
10.34
12.74
9.80
98.97
124.2
48.57
146.8
102.8
86.5
117.4
80.46
411.21
323.03
240.52
213.19
175.21
187.26
85.54
8.0 PLOTS :
8.1 GRAPH OF DYNAMIC VISCOSITY, n (cP) VALUES
VERSUS TEMPERATURE, T (C) VALUES AT DIFFERENT
SHEAR RATE, y (s-1)
131.8
79.1
65.9
39.5
13.2
7.9
6.6
4
20
40
50
60
70
80
90 100
Temperature,T (C)
8.2 GRAPH OF DYNAMIC VISCOSITY, n (cP) VALUES
VERSUS SHEAR RATE, y (s-1) VALUES AT DIFFERENT
TEMPERATURE, T (C)
Dnamic viscosity
temperature
1000
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
131.8 79.1
65.9
39.5
13.2
7.9
6.6
ln(dynamicviscosity) vs1/temperature,T
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
131.8
0.025
0.02
0.017
0.014
0.013
0.11
0.01
1/temperature, T
ln(dynamicviscosity) vs1/temperature,T
5
4
3
2
1
0
79.1
0.025
0.02
0.017
0.014
0.013
0.11
0.01
1/temperature, T
ln(dynamicviscosity) vs1/temperature,T
10
8
6
4
2
0
65.9
0.025
0.02
0.017
0.014
0.013
1/temperature, T
0.11
0.01
ln (dynamicviscosity)
ln(dynamicviscosity) vs1/temperature,T
8
6
39.55
4
2
0
0.025
0.02
0.017
0.014
0.013
0.11
0.01
1/temperature, T
ln(dynamicviscosity) vs1/temperature,T
25
20
15
10
5
0
13.25
0.025
0.02
0.017
0.014
0.013
0.11
0.01
1/temperature, T
ln(dynamicviscosity) vs1/temperature,T
40
30
7.95
20
10
0
0.025
0.02
0.017
0.014
0.013
1/temperature, T
0.11
0.01
ln(dynamicviscosity) vs1/temperature,T
50
40
30
20
10
0
6.65
0.025
0.02
0.017
0.014
0.013
0.11
0.01
1/temperature, T
ln(dynamicviscosity) vs1/temperature,T
100
80
60
40
20
0
4.05
0.025
0.02
0.017
0.014
0.013
0.11
0.01
1/temperature, T
40
4.9
4.4
4.2
3.7
2.6
2.1
ln (sheer rate)
1.9
1.4
ln (dynamicviscosity)
2
1
0
4.9
4.4
4.2
3.7
2.6
2.1
1.9
1.4
ln (sheer rate)
60
4.9
4.4
4.2
3.7
2.6
2.1
1.9
1.4
ln (sheer rate)
70
4.9
4.4
4.2
3.7
2.6
2.1
ln (sheer rate)
1.9
1.4
ln (dynamicviscosity)
2
1
0
4.9
4.4
4.2
3.7
2.6
2.1
1.9
1.4
ln (sheer rate)
ln (dynamicviscosity)
4.9
4.4
4.2
3.7
2.6
2.1
1.9
1.4
90
-0.4
-0.6
ln (sheer rate)
ln (dynamicviscosity)
4.9
4.4
4.2
3.7
2.6
-2
-3
ln (sheer rate)
9.0 DISCUSSION
2.1
1.9
1.4
100
Thus, we can assume that the oil sample works better under big value of
shear rate due to small viscosity.