Condensateur : corrigs Exercice 1 a) 1 / C = 1 / 10 F + 1 / 10F + 1 / 22 F b) C = 10 pF + 10 pF + 33 pF + 33 pF c) 1 / C = 1 / (100 pF + 220 pF) + 1 / 220 pF C = 4,07 F C = 86 pF C = 130 F

Exercice 2 Un condensateur de 100 F est charg sous une tension de 30 V. a) Q = C x U = 100 F x 30 V = 3000 C = 3 mC b) W = C x U2 / 2 = 100 F x (30 V)2 / 2 = 0,045 J

Exercice 3 Branchement en srie a) b) c) C = 1 / (1 / 47F + 1 / 33F) = 19,4 F Umax = U1max + U2max = 25V + 25V = 50V W = C x U2max / 2 = 0,024 J Branchement en parallle a) C = 47F + 33F = 80F b) Umax = U1max = U2max = 25V c) W = C x U2max / 2 = 0,025 J

Exercice 4 a) UC1 = E = 15V et Q1 = C1 x UC1 = 15V x 10F = 150C Q2 = Q3 = E x C2 x C3 / (C2 + C3) = 15V x 22F x 6,8F / (22F + 6,8F) = 77,92C UC2 = Q2 / C2 = 3,54V b) Q1 = Q4 = QT = E x CT Q1 = Q4 = QT = 233, 39 nC et et UC3 = Q3 / C3 = 11,46V CT = 1 / [1 / C1 + 1 / (C2 + C3) + 1 / C4] = 19,45F UC1 = Q1 / C1 = 2,33V et UC4 = Q4 / C4 = 7,07V

UC2 = UC3 = E - UC1 - UC4 = 12V 9,4V = 2,6V Q2 = UC2 x C2 = 57,2nC et Q3 = UC3 x C3 = 176,8nC

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Exercice 5 1. Q1 = UC1 x C1 = 25V x 47F = 1175C W1 = C1 x U2C1 / 2 = 14,69mW 2. Q = Q1 + Q2 = 1505C U = Q / (C1 + C2) = 18,8125V 18,8V W = (C1 + C2) x U2 / 2 = 14,15mW Q2 = UC2 x C2 = 10V x 33F = 330C W2 = C2 x U2C2 / 2 = 5,44mW

3. Q = Q1 - Q2 = 815C U = Q / (C1 + C2) = 10,1875V 10,19V W = (C1 + C2) x U2 / 2 = 4,15mW

Exercice 6 Lquation de la charge linaire dun condensateur est : U = Uf Ui = It / C Uf = Ui + It / C 1) Uc = 2V + 5mA x 10ms / 25F = 4V 2) U = It / C C = 20mA x 2ms / 40V = 1F Uf : tension finale et Ui : tension initiale

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condensateurs : exercices corrigs

Exercice 7 1. U(t1) = 5mA x 1,5ms / 1F = 7,5 V (condition initiale : U = 0V) U(t2) = 7,5 V 5mA x 1,5ms / 1F = 0 V U(t3) = 5mA x 0,5ms / 1F = 2,5 V U(t4) = 2,5 V - 5mA x 0,5ms / 1F = 0 V 2.

Exercice 8 1) lorsque l'interrupteur est en position 1, la constante de temps est : 1 = R1C = 20k x 20F = 400ms 2) la tension vers laquelle le condensateur tend se charger est : Uc = E = 20V 3) la tension aux bornes du condensateur aprs3s (3s > 5 x 1 = 2s) est : Uc = E = 20V 4) Uc = 15V = (100 x 15V / 20V)% E = 75%E, donc le temps pour Uc = 15V est 1,51 = 600ms 5) la constante de temps lorsque l'interrupteur est en position 2 est : 2 = (R1+ R2)C = (20k + 10k) x 20F = 600ms 6) 2,1 s = 3,52 donc Uc = 2,5V
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Exercice 9 a) U1 = E = 24V U2 = E x R2 / (R1 + R2) = 24V x 4 / (2 + 4) = 16V b) U1 = E = 12V U2 = E x R2 / (R3 + R2) = 12V x 4 / (2 + 4) = 8V Q1 = E x C1 = 24V x 1F = 24C Q2 = U2 x C2 = 16V x 2,2F = 35,2C Q1 = E x C1 = 12V x 1F = 12C Q2 = U2 x C2 = 8V x 10F = 80C

Exercice 10 a. Initialement les condensateurs sont compltement dchargs les condensateurs sont des courtscircuits. I1 = 0, I2 = E / R2 = 15V / 2k = 7,5mA et I3 = E / R3 = 15V / 2,2k = 6,82mA

b. Si chacun des condensateurs est charg sa tension finale, les condensateurs sont des circuits ouverts Donc : UC1 = UR1 et UC2 = UR2 UR3 = UR2 (UR3 =0V circuit ouvert). UC2 = E x R2 / (R1 +R2) = 15V x 2 / 3 = 10V et I3 = 0A

UC1 = E x R1 / (R1 +R2) = 15V x 1 / 3 = 5V et I1 = I2 = E / (R1 +R2) = 15V / 3k = 5mA

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