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.Khi : ( )
1
1
1 1
n n
i i i i i n n
i i
a b S b b S b
+
= =
= +
.Vi c ch ng minh n hon ton l bi n i
ng th c. ng d ng quan tr ng nh t l trong tr ng h p n = 3.V i n =3 ta c:
( ) ( )( ) ( )
1 1 2 2 3 3 1 1 2 1 2 2 3 1 2 3 3
a b a b a b a b b a a b b a a a b + + = + + + + +
II. Bi t p v n d ng
Bi ton 1 : Cho a,b,c th a mn:
0 3
6
6
a b c
bc
abc
< s s s
Ch ng minh r ng: 6 a b c + + s .
L i gi i:
T gi i thi t suy ra:
3
1
c
> ;
3 2 6
2 2
c b ab
+ > >
v
3
3 2 1 6
3
c b c abc
+ + >
Do ta c 6 =3+2+1=
3 2 1
c b a
c b a
+ +
( ) ( )
3 3 2 3 2 1
c b b a a
c c b c b a
| | | |
= + + + + +
| |
\ . \ .
( ) ( ) 2 3 c b b a a a b c > + + = + + .
V y 6 a b c + + s . D u b ng x y ra khi a=1, b=2, c=3
Nh n xt:
-Vi c d on d u b ng h t s c quan tr ng. bi ton trn ta d don d u b ng:
a=1 , b=2 , c=3
-Nn tch cc i l ng v l n h n sau s d ng php nhm Abel r i m i s
d ng n gi i thi t bi ton, theo di cch gi i trn b n s th y r cch lm.
Bi ton 2: Cho a,b,c th a mn:
3
6
6
a
ab
abc
>
>
>
>
>
>
;
1
0
n
i
i
x
=
=
.Ch ng
minh r ng
1 2
1 1
... 1
1 2 2
n
x x x
n n
| |
+ + + s
|
\ .
L i gi i:
t
1
k
k i
i
S x
=
=
Th th 0
n
S =
Ta c
1 2 1 2
... ...
k k k k n
S x x x x x x
+ +
= + + + = + + +
1 2 1 2 1 2
2 ... ... ... 1
k k k k n n
S x x x x x x x x x
+ +
= + + + + + + + s + + + =
hay
1
2
k
S s .
Do
1 2
1
1
...
1 2
n
n
k
k
x x x
x
n k
=
+ + + =
1 1
1 1
1 1 1 1 1
1 1
n n
k n k
k k
S S S
k k n k k
= =
| | | |
= + s
| |
+ +
\ . \ .
1
1
1 1 1 1 1
1
2 1 2
n
k
k k n
=
( | | | |
s =
| | (
+
\ . \ .
.Ta c pcm.
Nh n xt:
-Ta th y r ng php nhm Abel cn c ng d ng t ng qut cho n s nh bi ton trn.
- c ng c cc b n nn th gi i cc bi ton sau:
Bi t p1 :Cho a,b,c th a mn:
0 3
2 2
3 2 3
a b c
b c
a b c
< s s s
+ s
+ + s
Tm GTLN P =
2 2 2
a b c + +
Bi t p 2:Cho a,b,c th a mn 0 a b c < s s v
3
4 9
2
4 9
1
9
b c
a
b c
c
+ + s
+ s
Ch ng minh r ng: a b c + s