10. ~~J.,~·tfIi+ ";'j:* :r\:'.' 1 ,.',-' t.1±-' · Z:l".·~'··-, .. .~:r: I¥J:"' ..".-.' '. 'f. ~<. ~ ~I .'.•...••..

f···· ~ 8 tb
l ., ,,-·'l\G-·':··· ffi' .' -~
r

',._'il"_.•

>~.-.

"

',-,

.-

/~,-.

,1\.

~r

)\1.'

~,.

~' ' ...•......... ..

,,'

,~m_~-.'
I ...

"".

I"

",
..

'

~,,-

=-

•..

,-~.

..

_' -, .,'

'~
1

1 '

$"

'1'

,_

l_"
",.,.,

0)"1-.

iii Jfj 'L4 :k dfJ ~ ~ ~

0

.1

~t a 19182 ) "~lllJ J*]' JfJf # !!fo' f;t a'~lEt ~'E;¥ !Yf ± !If 1it" T
;Ij •
~~ilX:l'

..*~,~ti~ ~~,( EJ wr ;{

ro

~,:t,.
1

19,58
1

198,9:.f VA

f
"I ~~,,

tt;

,:t,T'
__

Jf!( ,j~ it 00

jt, 1:£: ~ T' ll~

~ 1~ it

~~,

~~k~~*~~~.W±.~o~~~~

it

-it:t il![ ElJt (00

*- #.. .* fl7 ~

J..jLf. :f1-t)

---

\ I Fct~~M~tilffMfH!B3~~1VJ}]!o
n ~.~. f-~~]~~ -z;;;; ~
II
1_,

Hi w

*·mfu-~ 19~ -$.!& i~)( t¥J til Jit. jj: JfIfi , ~

I~

IIEJ?&, ~m*~1t~lf

if1Ai 1iff Ji!£ ~

jl

.~~~3R.W~~~~*~~d*o~ft~.~~.M.&~
yilt-' tr:J'

Ilrm

}{T ..;:I' f

«s: T~

I~.

1l:J', .J L

'-, -,

_g)JL. iJob. f:(-']' ~~.' :b.'-ab~' ,~ #1:' ~, Ir=r ;:::r g -:W::. ~ ... -~' ",7e -==I . r~_, ,~ ~l' ~} Cl ~I' PJ' ~ w ~ l'Il!!..,..,- ~ _

f'~

C'~ 1-Il'JI

±)(, r¥J' ~,

*3

,~ Jt-jc~'

*~'*-t'~ tmt

~~1-t~*)(ft~mr::Jf:JF{5l.1~

fi~~~ft~~*o~~,ffW~~~~~**~~~&~¥~~ tH:'~el¥J' ,mif, ffff Ji m Jg ~1~ ~. itt! ,fJl! it, &~ JYf ~ ~ iti'• R: ±l ~l ~
J~

' --q:r'tlt,gc,~' $1j ~ tc ~ ,! ig ... --:ff~t1t±Jl..~~, Et1!iQ*1fffi ~

0

~AA I. ~!l¥r/J\'f'~ ~1C.~~Wi'· !1! ~ ,~~:~=¥. -¥'$ pq WI" flWJ·, ~ ~.~ &*~: l¥JJt:fik ~=tfff]X1 ,,~X~lfiT /l'1;~fl' fnitt,i-¥", x1ttl*~iti~o ~
CD

**,

J]EffitJJ'

*., m

-d-~"""'"

Mtt

............

tr ........ bac::iA:

.. fill

mn

Is

380

l!X • ~B~ (Octavio Paz) fffiJiI¥J t1~tf, 1~L2J.!l *}I] 1-t'11: f1F fJt ffJ IN ~ 1£~ :x11~Yt 4: ~ ff'~~!~ m m, J.A:i!1-- Jri 1t .Li5t, Flf-t'11: f1( ~ ~ J9f r 1f:tt Jjjh ~it 1fij Ii~ rJ1] -~T 1.t ffJ JIlf-t ~t1:tIp ~ ~ ~ fj~~~fX ~ f11 B :fll¥J f~ ~ ~m 1fA; #~~t~tz1lHi ttl B t~fftEffJ" AJ1." , ITO ~r~:ft 1f]~/GWT~~ tJJ ft'_pfftlt Jf l¥J m ~ r J!-- #,gu:it ~~(fJ § ~ fB¥ tg" (Paz
0
r~ 0 "~{{: ~~

M.~ --~~ ~:ff fl'lJJ~lE :I-t tH "fA 1ft A " ~:JJ1 ~ tr iii3t ~ $J( 1f:tt£ ~ ~ ~ tt 3f 16 EJ c. '¥ 7( 1t!! EJf.J 'Hti - -h' tt: 11at t: tE. Hll iA. 7g 1E~ 3& 14#ft :itt lP

~ rm li t£ 7:7ft W. ffiW f& ~ /F 1* t¥J ~ mft-J 1f n: '\J_! it ~ tit 7Jre ;t flli 7g B ~2 B"J ~ fltt

J~ if?:.r. B t2 tl At 1" , ffij 13. -tl! x-f -Ht ~ i& yEi t¥J " ;a~ ~ l5L" ~ ~ L'\ Fn, ~l*~ffJ1fr!'\Jfit!OCiJt i* ill, 11t R~ {~~:i! @1f~Er.J*~ 7-J 1f:

~MM~o~~~~l¥J%~~W~~~~~l¥Jo#~,~~¥~ ffiJ Jl1flS ~ m T :£~ ±tI!11l ~ tf fn ~ fij!lf tJ ~ ~ if 1f1k _tfU t¥J

**~1f *= fIJ !till m ~~1ir f*JIJ! tIJ *I¥J " *iQ: 5~ " 1~ m~:tiI! Ji ~ -r ~ f-t [3Y ~j **~7f {f1ft $ *Wlt _t~~~tr }1A!f-tJt1:mAJ9f{m~ (fJ
{~: 00 ~-F

1974: 3) CD
0

~m

~mo~~rrnBfiM~~~~~.~~*~,~~~m~~~*
!!X: iq:~ fl~ 1AiU ~ 1'5-~ 11A ~ fI HJi ~ ~ m :If l¥J ,It~ ~\1! 1i~~ ~ ~ f~.~ Jjj ill fA I¥J ~ j£ 11~ ~j ~ f~ ttl -r 3f -EU 'r! I¥-J yt ffiX, 19 if IPJ at 16\~ ~ J!ij § c. x'f;tt if.~ it UgT Et3 f¥ m it m ]A WI ffJ~±16\59f~1X:xtflB in ffJ~!ffJi ~/R~~;fU m, ffij H ~iq: JK ~ f~:1i!: ~ A ~ ~ l¥J Ja516\ %i UJD f¥ f4,*- fJt5!~~ tV ; rPJ at , fiB in 1£

* 1¥J~1~o ~~~ 1£:i!~ *~WEi~ 1I!.Nt tL 8':J J;J WI EfJ ~

0

:1f in I¥J i5t 1*, ,R:ff:i!.tJ:!2 !If 1jf 11 iW IY-J liS-n

1£in 1~ UJ 1m IN lit~ ~ ~

_t~.fttt~~~m~?~#~~~~*W~~B~OO~~~~~

*= JJX:* ~?

*· *~

'$~ -Jg § BtTjiItfj ~ J:f~*~113J

**~ *~z *

*~,

1!tJr- iT~j~rrtJ *-±~ ~

}A;lt!t~m-~)(¥~,
CD

mt~~ H~OO ~jiftrfi'B'1 "fIf~ ~

_:E;{"

JJiW*m

Lyotard (1988: 9-28)0

~~~m~o~~,~~~~W~~~~*~OO~~*~~~
(Waltz 1979: 70-72)
0

fP § c. /il19 I¥J l!Jf 1Ex1~ iJ( n\ ~ (fl :iK Jm i1: l!iff 7 ffJ f4~ it m~ :i:§T f1;J ~ -r f~ ~ Bt M I¥-J m! ~ ± :x J_9! i~ rx ~ ~ 4ft m i~: 1£~ 00~ 1* I¥J" ts~" ~ *,J Y 00 Ia]~ f'F tfJ MjJ , 1& 7 ~ ~ ~,~~~l¥fil~~o ~-T)!~~J!itgtfJ ~n~, ~fn _RiJf'tlJftiit~1¥J § Er-J EX if 1ft1'-00 I¥J :*IJ\ , ~'11: fO j£ 11:ji;:@:@ ~ ~ t¥J fl~.ti! {f] "fflj ~ t"J 1t"[i§ ~ ~ M2 ffl" ~~ ffiJ ~ tE :jt 9=t ~!£ fJ= m I¥J )ffJ ffij ~ Mi ttl JIll¥] 1ft
it) CD
~
0

~~ (jt

Jt N: ff ff!. Jf!}, • 7X ~ 11 lk 1t ~ ~ ~F1979 1f: I¥J ( 00 ~ 1ft 7tt 11

*~

* *

*~ *~
0

mnt .1* I¥J 00 ~

ffij fR J}tff

; m r 1'1* ft 1m WI J.,A. f± ~ I¥J ffj 1t 110 ~ !!f. }E, 't ff] /F fru f1t -jJ ~ fnNr mflg l¥J J_I i~ff.J ~ T m nX; 1* ; ffij ll, f!.~ rN fJl ~ rit fn4ii5t jj ';it $~~-T l_I'l1ffif 1TiYJ I¥J , ~ in :if~ tl1i ~ }t JL ~ # J]! i£:, I;,(:fr fJT ftJ M fJl ~{h\.~:tlO{OJ%nX: I¥J rrl&*~~l: iii ~ T -F ~. ~W-ttfn m:,~,m t=if • pit WTI¥J ~ 1~ fJE I¥J ~ lilli .L, fA ~~¥.f tit !!f. i!t iil fF 7g :1rt l'f± ~ 111PIfJ ~

#~Am.~mili:~~~.~~~*.f~~~_)(l¥Jtl~~~

a jg 1t 3!i.l¥J f3T JJl ~ ±)( JI i~Jl.:1f!lt ~ ± s: " l'"* ±)(*" MY·lftit I¥J J]! '11:± s: ~ ~ 1tk~~
1ft iFf ~ ~
J]! if: ; ff!~,

~~~a-~,.~~±¥§I¥J~m.m--~~oo*m~~*
iM. t~;Jtt i-¥ rx ~
0

*~

~fik, ftJ!-m:~lE, fl*l¥Jr~~iEii~~H:Ji11JtmnX:f*~xiJlLfQ1L . ~ ffif lR:~ I¥J !Jj~1fW, ~tfg{~f(J~~:wfUl¥JjJ~~, m~~~~l:*t£ili Y~l' (ffif~~ ~1'- )iiJf'#.i~M Ej § t~ ffif Il , tm-roo mJl!kjJ; I¥J, JXp;q 1'- § t~z laj ff- IT~ 1~ t¥J 1M fU x-f JL 1f m ~~tE at :it [!J ffj §f iW I¥J "~J5~:E!X. "1f7*~ fO¥lJc"17 7gf*-~~f~ filJ Jm", ftkjg*mU #r!!Jf- T § B if ~ ~ mr Er-J ~w.,~, ffif *= i± T " ~ ~ 't1: fa fij " k1 :&" 00 !t1ytI¥J fgJt" ~ ~~j!~i~xq--F ~. ~ R:}if!, ,lfJ T· #iJmm~fO~mgl;ffl-· ~lf=ffL{WT±H
0

**

*~a

*
~

i!4= tt f'F I¥J '31i£ jf)[ ~ 11 fPf- ~ is f~ ·~ ®;: t:1. £fiij m I¥J < f4T ~ ~ .E Sl...lk Jt itt *U) ( Neo- realism and Its Critics) (1986) ~.t5 fY1ff =*.i1 @ ~Ml'.Tfrifff*EY1;fft*IJt£itn:;. iff~~ Neo-realism arid Its Critics (l986)-~~1!89
0

CD

Kenneth Waltz, The Theory of International

Politics (1979).

1-f of Hif x;f i'x $ tt

x.o

·__

.......

:l

:.. ....

P'

..

....

----

382

1f ~

/F ~, ~ ~ J£~ ik 7g ~ if~ 1fJ 1m~ " 1J! M f¥J " m~;ffI " Fo M" f¥J m *f1t'l--1':ff ~ s: Et9 IK

!i!IIIBl1

-.,.. It:

1f ~#~zJYfJ;.{ '31®~~, ::fn::~ ~EffJ~ili T ~Yffi¥m:jJ~, W~~ 7'J~ fn~ili [ ~ A~,W,EfJrrt]JPJI; fPJ;f-F, 1f ~#t'FZJ9T1(J 7g A '71 Jij , 3:~ ill::f ~ 8:r r ~ Nf~ ttl l¥J ~ig, ITff~ lEI7g E ff] fijf *= JtJ ag jf ~ ~ , ~*~I¥J*r±/g:f:inAT ~l¥JjJrtJ m~tt~T 1987 ipa'-J(OO~~** Jj[ it 9=' l¥J fr Jg 1*-~s f~ IOJ »!) ~ X if:;li;". -T J!f-F EFJ ~ W 1ft ~ 1£~~ at, f~~a'-JOO~**~1f~lfi:J,"'~ Atmft~.fj.m~EFJ~!{Lg, f!i~~ 81 A fnJt-¥~3&0\k 1~73 00~~*¥. ~l~i~ ttl T ~~9tNVto <DIINt~ ~ Wft%tB Et9~~~*i{;$f~: (1) :ff~OO ~-F1*~ I¥J ~;ffJ_m i~1W~1t{ ~ Mt 1fi!~ £a f2g I¥J *- r.t fl1 Xf fr 79 i* I¥J a: ~aitif.9 rm {£ Jtt, "ttf ~ Xf J_I it" Ia :&:~ ~ ftP #f ~ 'rt fF ffl ; (2) ff "ijj ~a " f-4 $~~j: SL.. " ~:m :M11¥J ,g~ ff llJJ f ~fn 1iJf '1i if ~ 1~ Bf.J !2~ _:E s( *±~ ~ ~ 51i§. ,tg_ l£ T I¥J f±i?m!~o
0 0

* *

*,

*~

t!r\~¥Et3m'R.~ ~ ftgSfm (tEff ~3i: M:WT~liili 1:) Effi"l¥J "iT 7g 1*- ~r!ifiJ 1'0] »!" -Jg ttl IX ,g I¥J ® if fro 1m m iJt fB Jj~~, j! ~ IOJ ~ l¥J~ttl~mtr*±~1:ml¥J~1'0J_lo ~~, ~fn$iA7gfF79:ff § I¥J 'rtl¥J1-rJG'fL$:, A~l¥J~~PJ ~ IfJf~iifJl ?!iJit± ~; It=, ~{n$~
0

*~.~

~tl~~~tl~*~M~~I¥J,W~-~~~A~~~I¥J~~_~
;rt~ iff ffJ ~ ~ ff ft ff], if! N:, if ~~ § I¥-J '11: I¥J 1-r 7g 1*, #; ff] ill1± :i!--t
.

m~~

T ¥*~~fl;J(Wendt

H%.~~* ~~~£,~~~~fflm~~~~1f
m~ B"J i;l: J¥. 5t tIT, it~~Dessler
0

1987: 337-338)

~fn1:*8JJttT~1'tmJt*R

CD
@

T f8¥ X>j" ~ j_g

~~

(1989);

Carlsnaes (1992) ~

ff *'l¥J~J-T~ ~

Giddens (1984)

tit!!? _t 1f ~ G a9 fi 7iJ 11 A, EEJIt, fJG ffJ m1£IiJT -€tl ~~:if!!Jc ~ ~ tit!!?

*~ff] iA -ar f±~ ~ m t¥J ~ Wff ~idID~, ~ ~ I¥J M it~1iX: Y !J11 fUJ ~~ ~I iOO $ik~ ~ * 11'] !Iiff<~ ~!Jf )E "~T 1sJ 1*" t1l "~~ " ~ 1 3lrIfOJ Jm ~ 'e if] Z raj ff 1£ ffJ ;f[Iif *~ fF 7g ~J! l' fOJ 1m~ ® ~?
~Q

JYr1g~~~~o
pij

fil]

~a m~?t lJf 7 pijfft JA 00~ 1& ff1Jf3 ~ mJ *J!- fDJ JMl {fJ~ i3t, IlP rx ~ J~' ~~m~~m~~±~~~~w~m~·~~~m~~M~~!!?~

@: ~

@l

1*~ lIL Bi:1' ~ 00 1* f? § c!.e. ~ Jt fit!. 00~ {fJ~ DID-, m lit 3Gift IN ;t;t ~t1t 1~l?J /F ~!l $IJ r~1F1!~iJl: ~ if], 13: ~ ~ l;t tit £, "EB T & l' OO*~f1iigLR*r£ § cEt9ffJft, ~1'-1**l¥-JfrJ~~lltttJGA.rO]7$" ( Waltz 1979: 106) --t IE 1fJx-J T Jt fiB 00 *,eIf )1B'-J i1J! f.!lIlt l:R T ;ff;
0 0 ~

*,f!! fiB fn m ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~o~~~~M~{fJOO~~*~~~ ~F~9=tttl¥J 7GJ&"J&!l-Jt~1*¥, 'Efl-~~*1i"i1f*N: 00 *0 ft~-

*J1.i~ (Wendt 1987: 340-349)0 1i~ rJ( $ if ~ WI t!!$JA IIi~J:5t t1f T ffiI ~ 1*

rK'"

*~~

flJfA1fI¥J~jJ, j!;f$Et3~, 00~-F1*~~~~.1t~I¥J~.g£t~;fXfJ* ftC E511g ~ z:. ~1'- ~ )~"!Jl 1f , 1H 1i3t ~ I¥J JfR m;f1l ~ z ra] EB f:R fJ t~
0

~~~~TOO~~*~Yff~~~~~~~~~~~~o f13 % Z ~, rJ( 1fYJ Wi- 1JiJ9f tit J£ I¥J 00 ~-F1* *ll!U~ ~ JG 1& Jff ;fj\ ill5 8"J 1* *, Jt~~~*~~ E8OO*fU 00* IBJl¥JfXfJ?tftCJ!JfmmtBf.J, ffff~EE 00* :fU It 1mfr 7g 1* 1~~ IN J!t ~ ~ It l¥J~ JJ!U wr m 1ft {fJ CD r~1fYJ Wi ill t~jJU it I¥J ~ Jj~~ fJJ ~ tit !fl- g~itf eg DR!J!tl , ~ ~ {n J9f 9.t l¥J Bt 1~ ffij §,ep!~ ~ ~
0

~~~~~m~,~ffl~~ffw~#~~*~n~~~~~~~~
~1¥1J'ij1'1JOOrm5l..l¥Jjtrpz~o

~-F'Jf;JJ* I) ~~TfFjg"~ft~"Ef:1~~~~A±fUtp7g"OO*"I¥J~~~ritgliJiX:i* ffJ~*t¥1iEo tEiiJl1ft J::~ ~ f1P~i5t Bt, ifil~ ~ R 'E if] ~ §~ 1f;tt % J]! tt, fg~
-=E:X_ ()t~~OO

T~f:j(Wf* _i: 5l..Et9 ~!lWo iE£~~~*

l¥Jo~m~~~,~~~~~~~~$R~&~Tff7g~-~~~

M~rxjj\~i~~¥U7~flgf1:1:&Jt

384

Fn*, {g ftk~~l:~~lE*ll~re£:ffI¥J*W, # JlJ!»d~*ra)f;lj]* lJC~ jij .It J£ IE I),~-f* ¥ ~ ftJ I¥J lN Jlt, 1&PJf 1N (fl ~~~ ~ 19t _t ~" ~ n:1g i*jg 41 'L"" EfJ , ~ fig HI ltt tI!~ 1m it ~~ $:~ ~ {f]m $:1*t¥J ISM" mi tr4m 7G~X>tT~:ff~lE ~ffljs, rx ~1!'i:i'l3 9=t(f.J~~$~ fF 19 ret ff l¥J "x1~i rc j:: 5'h$ IS({ ffitJ I¥J jf;-~ ~ ffif # 1± I¥J , {E!j~- ~~~ te£ ~

*~

~~Wftmfi~~~~~~,~&~~&~OO**~~~~.~.
t¥J (Wendt
1987: 342)
0

~$;EfJ JJi(mtl, {§'~flk~r)t~~

lE ~ fF 7g1T7'1i$mf1Jn VJ?tfJT 9U 00 *. *119 ~ ± J/...1it ~ ~~ ttr m~ [ij( YlU tm, ~ fn it 7G r! IrtJ at~ ~ l¥J tr~ @ m~ JJj( Ji!U N:~ ~ ~ ~ ifitJ ttl I¥J ~1ijiiSi~, _tJj!mi£I¥Jj\:~ liiJl!:J!: Efnm~~~*!9*!t7gret~

~~mm~~~tt~~&o~~m~~~~~.~TOO*m~

~~,~~ •• ~~~~~~~*W#fF~~~~~~o~.~~

~~mlli~*~~~~~~%~~~~l¥Jm~oMM~-~~~~
II!J, ~JS,-F_t:iX~#mi~
it'B fnlJf A~~

s.JlI! it- /G tru ~

~ ttl ffiJ

*% fiX fU iJil3£ ft'.J

J_I i1?:, tit W- ~

J_I i~

*if]

_!J!tl ~

11 00 ttrms

1lt.tltN:

~~~o~~~~ff~~~~~~~*~m7g~~~M~~~~
15, 1m:tr.
1987: 349)
0

'*;s tit ~ Wi ril ~ i)t ~ ~ PI JIt ~ ±tl! IE Jl:t 11:¥Jj ~[tjcNU ~[{( Wendt
~JA~~f01T7gf*~1f

IN~, ~fnJ9T~~l¥J~~1tte~#:iai~,
0

OO*~mffi*~m~o~T•• IE*~OO~~*~~~li~~,ft ff] ~~@f~!E 7f ~ Hl ~ JIt ~ 11mf -11: rm ~ 1£ :1!" ~a J]! it:" JiJf ~ *I¥J §1 ~
fIFo :9nmtf3f.'-f:(fJ~~W,
fS~J_fi~:
_t 5l t" IK RIJ 99

~~o.~~~-+~~~~#~~~~~~-+~~~~
a~; ~
{f1 J1:" In !i.. i)t ;t"99
0

% ff tJ #..~ it *1] :f(- ;t tJ tEl !i.. Jt *1] {It ji. *- #.."it

:$t 1t;.._ 91

ff tJ ~ vA JL }A ~ ;»\ a9 it *1]

~.~~.~~~~~#,~.M~~~~~ff~~~~JL~
.!1- it a9 it

(Wendt 1987: 360)

:i!1$ I¥J i!,~m¥'-f: tit 1f ~ til fJ\!~

at, ft fn~ ~ ~ at f~ HJJ fl *- ~siJ f

385

U-JtmEY:1~1-f Dn?tfff~@ !Jt=310{PJ ~7g~Jm , Jj --1100, If ~qT 7g 1*~ ~ i:~ !Jt~f? ~ JE tit !R JIJ! ~ .$19rJ ~ 3:: 1*, ty:_ ~ 11A , itk }~(fO [ij{ I25J tm in fm aJj 8 3Gi~iik #J Jt ttl:i! m #fA¥ ff mA, ~ in uPIJ;..{ ~ imi E in 1Jt lt ~ ujPj 8f.J 1f ~, ftp ffiI js,~~fJg.J! ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~t 00 ~ I(j JJ.. 00 X J~ ~ ~tzJ1 fur M:ii!9JG EXji 00 ~~ ~ti l¥J tE:IX 11 Wf , iJil tnliA tf J9f B, "x1 fE IT ~

~h~~~~*o-nOO,fl~~~~*~~~~~~OO*h~~~

*~

,j

7gB'-J~~Mff"

* *

&:~~91~r»fftftj]~i~£air~*(Wendt
.

1987: 364)0 CD

11:~ in ~ ~ - rtE 20 tit ~G 60 !rp1~I¥-J lr:J;; :=E J(;ffl ~~~ ± )(~ i~ 1f jj( 'F JjjG I¥J f~YE*±~ fll- ~ ~ ~ :x11: m~ 1~ 1Vl {OJ Ii rE. in PJ~~wr !It1fft!( rug) iJt:"~ @x£,gl¥J UfD ~~1it1f@, fEl:ft~l¥J~$,** . ~ 111M!, $16' 3Jjf ~ tJefi ' ~ ~ , ~ ~ ~ ~ R If ~~~ PI~ it x~~ iU l¥J ·;1i!fm~~.~ffJ, # 1imR:fltm*~x£~¥UB9*W:;tflfiJtmJVt7!Tf4

*~*

I~

,**fJf1f:t1iml¥J~1*o
~ffJ~f¥::;t~NI!

'rtiflJ ' § c.~:ilJK~t~~1:)(lt1kl¥Jfi~~?

0

~~#/FaT:i!~*Wo"
•••

ikfft£ff~$¥oI¥J®~

*•• M~#~~W$~~li~~~~~£~.~.~~~~o~ T *±~ #i #J fM ~ A. ~ *11u~ ~tl~ ifll fI}~~~j! ~ 1j1:~ Y'r, {E Uf tm ¥o Jj ~m~*~M~~~.~OO~~fflm~~~ttM~~~#m~~~ '11: ffJ *"*i~ iJU flJt t& tf Er-J ~ J;l! trs nJ 1R xl ~ ¥U, :i!Wi #~~ PI i2.{ijttfS::Jf:"1(.3k"{y.J(Wendt 1987: 352)0 .~~~~~~~~o~ •• *~.m~ffl~~~~~~~~
0

J!~ ~15flJ INllt 8t /F ff tE ftg ~ N ff. 1£ %~ l&l:1c T ~ if] J9f t~EfJ 1* i~sr ~ f!P Jfx t#: -T ~ in Xf friJ 7g • ~ $=!ft8 t¥J *tl UYT X4" T t~~ _1: J( ff *i5i, 1t:ffflli~~~~~~J Ef.J $~:t" ~A;%ff:tEL¥J, 1H~JK -~~~jf~ ~~1fJJYf16\~~~t¥-J .~l:, lEtmiAtiflYfi3, ~ft § Mf4~~~~1it
0

MJltl¥J@~~:.~~~ft~~~~

~a

:i!-.~#~nm~m

m.~

f2{

iJij

U{

m~~~~tt~~~~~~.~.~~~~.~*.®*o ~~,
CD

{EM ffJ:if*,

f4~J9ffm1iYxl¥J~$IfF

ft~m

m I:t:f)e Wendt and Duvall (1989:

59-60)

386

~~~~ft*~~~*,~M$~J9f~~~~~~*~~TA~~ ~lfij ff. t£ I¥J @ 1!ItlifO fff! i;t, fi: fn Q]" 1U ~ m t~~ 7g " f-4~ ff9 " $Z " % fffj f .l; {f] " E4! ~ ± ~:if m«~ ijt, fil!- 11 W l§f~ ~ Ai ~ 1*J9f ~ mt 8'-J tit!R ~~~TA~m~Wffft~,~-nOO~~~#~~~~~~ff{£ f¥J »~~ i!:1ii x£ ~ iljl¥J ~ 1* fU lEI *tJL $fJ ra1~ ~ Jm JL T # if if] Xi tt I¥J JG
0 0

INT ~ fm *if ~~ ~ fU I¥J ~ ='= ~ f$, $¥JJ ® IN {f.J ff tE ~ IlJ~ I(-T xm ~ fU ffJ *Jt 1$f£ tlft'= §?& f4~ ii~ 00 ~ Btl ill ~ ~ §~ tit~ it#J fIJ! iJ\ ~ 1¥1 r.kJ 1£ IE] ilftJ I¥J iii, ~~/Fnrrrullt fijJi!tv ( Wendt 1987: 353) :m fniIi1it ¥f m~ 1£ l1t J9fJ!fJJ.J x)M,~ f1\ 7g " }I]~ ± Sf..~ i~" t¥

~~

if] ~ rn EE i~~ ftIt " ~ 1kA ~ 1$Ai l¥J xl 1$ Jfj: " l¥J ff {£, ~ ff] ]A =* /G~ fl PI 1m iAR &~ 1''':~#J }§ [2SJ " l¥J ff 1'£ CD x11* llfB l!f'Jt ~ x~± s. }~!£c m*fif lli 7 ff iJ!.. fiB ~ ¥trill : .~!J I¥J ~ l!l ~ 1Il ?~~ ~ fH1~ x~
f! ~ ~
0 0

&~~~km~~~~~$~ou.~~~#~~~~a

nr

**JL

~U,*Tfff#tEB'-J(Shapiro

and Wendt 1992:210)0

m~.~om~,~B~X~#fi~n~~m~M§~~~M
<D
t

~ittm1DJfI¥ff:i!#iArPlfr1g? iEtlQ ._ ~ ~ ;fll m~ f!ij iJB m Mil¥] jj~ ttf, !~ 3:~ (fJ f± ~ f4~ III ~l.1f ~ ~ ~ In) »M a~~ 11kfn _R ~ tE 1m $flt ~!\! ¥U I¥J ¥ !ftlJ, !~ ± J( 1f ff] Wi if! Hi 11~ if f£ t¥J fO pg tE EJI.J ilP ~, ~ ~ J9f ff E~~ ~sij jJ itJA 9=t jf£ fF @ f

~iA.WJ:i!~*±~~ff?
0

M~OO~ ••• ~~~~m~~tl~~~~*fi~~A~~~*~ ~*~~~~**~~~~~~~~~o~7~~~-~,I&~ fO m~ ~ ~ T ~ lit J_I it tp 8"J ~ 1'-7]( til '11: fit] mJ : Jf. ff ~ ~ *±~ fk J¥ 1£ 91 xl:if D~m~~~ ~~ 01£ ~03fL ~ 1£ !I... B9, if!73 it 2. A. ff] Jili ~ *~ ~~
~
§Z,

~ ff] J2t :j$ 00~ 1ft tit t¥J ~ Jffi: -11: 1-' i-e tf! N :ff 1t Z. ~ EFJ iiJ(, fEr.~ Jf /F ~ ,**I :f4$ JI]~ EJ/...x1 !k$~~I fj; t¥J*±~f-4~* ffJ*ijt~3CJE ~ :m: £fJ W jt ~ W }~l.• l[ Hi ~ (Ian Shapiro) if ~ l¥J ~ ~ )c it _m, ihft

§~W$~~~~~~~fi~~~~_l¥1m~,*H~*~~

'*

~ ~*~

••

fitT.1*ilx;fttfOJlEl¥J~~j{?;~, if~~ Hume (1969: 121-142)0 <Z> j!!I! ~ ic 13: I¥J lit~ 51..1: I¥J" :l3l ~ .:E Sf.. .. ~ Jji T tf i& 1E: IIiJ B9 '!t i1i, INJlt B !::jJiJr i~ I¥J~ lit :l3l ~ .:E Sf.. & fl ~\?& IY:J 11* CD ~ ~t T • "JffffiLt B9 :l3l ~ j: i'#''' • if#: _w. Bhaskar (1979: 1- 30)

:m~ - ,~~ :

s.~

'*~

387

~ 89, it! 7G ~ fftJ ·fJT

1'0]~ l¥-J % J:\

*n.x: A. ff] {iM- fll ~ fj}- ~

(j)

liE I¥J :l1W

(Shapiro

and

Wendt 1992: 200-206)0

~oI~3l~rA~JYfa,!)!!ft iliJ filJ ~ fft I !at Er:J I A 7g {oJ~

~ m BB t¥J tit ~ x£ ~ liili 1:~

0

~,~~~~eB~~_~&~e~~~89~mm~~@ft~-~
0

ttl.

*~

Jf:J ~f9t to ~ I~ =t: tG

fg~, - £!f1t{niA~JGr!~x_lt~¥U~~1*t£1A~l{.~aq,
0

~~${9~

ftt ~ ~ ftt: Pl: jJ ~ itM- 89 {€I ftk if] m#I 1~ fn ~ ~ flf II)] Ii riiJ $~r! ¥, ~ 1&f~~ @:iJ£ ml ff] 1M~ Xf ~ T :i!--t I'it] IE fiYi ttl ~ @ ffE ~ : tm #J f~jJ ~ff.{£I¥-J~, $!fo/J 'X. ii~wiaJ~? 1'&18, ~fn~Mi~friijJf~flg~X jJ ~ ff tE at fYf ttl ~ I¥J ~ {£ l=g ~ ~ ttl ~ FB 1f {£ Z 18] t¥J JR J1tl @ j! ~I¥J it, ii:u It$X Jt fR tE § mr;Jjt l5l T A inxg- f±~ fk ff JW 1At ttl I¥-J iA filj fJl tE ftJ lX fJ IN ~ ~ ~ ft: tw ()l T A. fn J9f PIfjt {if.{ ttl 119~:J$, ~ {n it PI 1!l ~J!ttffUA intE m~l::.lE iA JNJ T if ~f±~fkff ElI Jlt ~ ff] ~ tm~i~fiS ili" Jl~ ft-J "f1Jiaftl" A~l¥J" 5t{jt~1iEo @
0 ~ 0

m~~~~~~~~

ff!1tJ ~1lt1t:?tg.rjtT T ~)£~~'Jixl~¥lJ~~fijfXjJ EfJ5&~, ~ff]~% ~ ~ ~ ik 7g ~a tR fJ ~ ff 1£ ffJ ]A J1 ~ ~ ffj It1:.iJt, :& if] /F ~ ~ t!J !It -Q, J:ff"t ¥W ~ fit! ajJ T fA -tRiIJ ~ - ,~x-t T A i* fR li}f ~ I 11= ffif 8" '1l. Jt ~ ,*lfftz.: ~ffJ~~¥-F?t~;lit~.tmB1J*~ ~:YP~I'\&

*~,

~?~~m~~I~~$*~~~I~~

*~~

~a

$*

tit ~y'Ii MJ 1,1i5

M~W~#W~~~~*~MA-~m~tt~w~o~~~~
ljr~~1:s(1f~{vJ. !~~(tI~ Jti ".f¥f_£1Ji*"fWHfijU~JJM~ (fJ~~ ffJm~ ~,~ :fl:i!~m *Et9t¥1£o iJiltmm.~;fn IBlW Flfm ttl t¥Jn~~, ret.~A 1(J~1itm&fl.iJtifJ ~JJ; T ~nfiJff:lt±4?~~I¥J~JJ ••• if~Aff1 § ~9!mtt:;l!:@~~~~ iR~ ~ Wendt
CD
0

x~x

and Shapiro (1992: 206-210)0 83) 0

e i1ift~ft~gfJGfni±~*~:ftJfifi!ffl
# tt~
Lukes (1982: 47) 0
@

iii!#1ii*o iW~ 9i!. Connolly

n 0

(1974: 46-

Jti j! #1.i~~ 1r]m Pf ~ LK?t w g;~".~ ffJ :ff14C 3: X~ f¥J "ffj iii 1m m M= Elf -g, "A ~ ~ flJ ft ..J! Eb00~ ii:i':1: t.¥ flil 'HE ff)JL:l:h ffif ~ it I¥J ; E In ..Xf T ~7Z fl~i¥J ffil : f;}] ffij~ ~U~~#gsJ:~l~1Y:J &H'~rcfo/.J" ~~ftl ~ftllE* ~~l:J9f~ mill e9 flJftz IOJt¥:Jff fPI LKjJlj tIS itT ~ iii i1: 51IN ~ Ji)f tf 1£ (fJ 1'- i*11l m. m tk:• .l; I¥J ~ ti ..ffij 1~ jlj .. '" ( Wend t,
1987: 359--360,n.65)o

*"

*~~m

388

~.1' 1m 1ft Et11it tR Jfj: x~ J~' ap:i! W .---1' ss. £.. ~ : ~ ff] :IG 1x 7g ~ ff] PH ~ EfJ Jf fi JiHfIJIJ ~"J, ]X tl !Jt if] mx'f ff ~ ~!:t ~ nJftj 1iJK -~ ~ J.I, fi;J. ~ PI l2A it $T i~ :ret?'~~ if] ffij H ~\ 3ffi IPJ Bt~ ff ~~ fll fr .19 1*~ l'~ ,~ fiJ ~ in:¥t ~ ~ ~ ~ 11" lV§ tt ~J:¥W
& r*J 1£ l¥J ~ IIJY-i:
0
0 ~ ~

~~~m~~~Nm£,~~m.~m-~w~~~~m~A~$
J_f i~ fJR 13:T

*~

nr ~

W~~fi~~,~#mttfi~~w~~~~o~m~~MR~:m~ ·iA .19 00 ~-F *1~ l~ i~ PJ ~ ~ va -Jg i!pij l't& ~ ** *(fJ ff for ~ 1'- , 1m 8"J J!.--~:W Ji! N1£ ufD ? fPJ B1, *f ta~ fP lj -Jg 1* m7g ~ 1* l¥J ~s r~ ~

~J~

~~~~m~x~~.~W~~ff~?
0

bX; 1* I¥J })1'11: ?t 1ff ff1 )jt

.~~&~~~~,SM~~~~Mm~~~~~x~~~W~~ :ff :k.~ it Et:J fill in i~ rx ~ tt EfJ 1I it:~ fp ~ ~ IT -Jg 1* -Jg 9=t JL" ~ if ~ ~ ~>f/G if i1rJ rJi: ~ tt~~ itiff! t~FJf uYT a t¥J ~~ iF JA t~fg J9T § *ffJ gll
!~
0

M~~m~~~~~~.~-Jg~~mm~.~~Mm~,ili~

ft:J m.11" (Hollis and Smith 1991: 401-403) Q} )i;1'1:f± ~ it fJl ~ ~ ffJ ~J(:m:i:ifi, ga #J x1 ~ r-~ l~ftl¥J fJl ~ ~1't EfJ ~ njlij : ~ jJ oo;f± i; it (Jnl a," 'J $ # tE eg if {E, !ij- jJ jif ~ ~ -tl!:Ift f9! IE fjj 1t fti! IE I¥J nx:W ~~o ~ Itt, ~at1;J~1Xg'g*'T fr1J, IPJ BtEi!"~!*,J;fQm~ T "lr .791*, H" ~ '1, -f=P lr 7g rPJ T 17 jg gr![ Nr if Mfi ~ 1f {fJ 19t" ( W al tz

*YR ~ *r!i ~,

ffl! ill ~ ~ tE 1£ !tJ! !&t~

0

-r ~ f~" ~ ~

*~

"*~

*~;: *

1979: 63)

¥U Jffi illY-J ~ rt 1£ lifO ~? rJ( jy\ ~ JiJf WII¥J ~ f~1i:-N Jl; I¥J J! I;J fr 7g 1* jg rp JL" ffJ ~? ~ ~ fti J!A fJT it Sl._ (fJ i-g. : rx ~ ~ I¥J ~ f~JJ: i~ 1f. ~ Mi1 ffi¥ ff ft z. ~? E~1~mtf JYfi~ I¥J~~ W, ~ - ~ II'11: ± SZ ~i~ (~

§l¥J{Ef.ff~~7g~~)tJlJ;!ft~tf.J*ft9

§ ~fJJMW*Jttt¥1{-r~),

~~~~~~~.~OO*Z~~~tl~*~~~?~~##*,ft

if] x1:i! 1'-101~ I¥J.~ Me ~¥.f llt tier ~ ff] ~ ~ i1D )E 1T 7g l5~ fJt ~1iE Z 18] I¥J ~ ffl ~ #~ ~ IJti EfJ iJt 1t :YU in iffJ 1tf" ~ in ~ fj 19 ftJ ~ T~fn § c", 1J~~ J}XrJ(~~l¥J~~J_I~rtfft-f~~ft¥~OO*fr~ffij

*~
0

CD
@

it.~ Buzan, Little and Jones (1993: 110-118)

Waltz. Theory, p. 63 ~

389

~~~~~~.~OO*fi~~~,E~~OO~w~~~#~~o~ JltffJ ~ {J;,(, tm *~if] ik. 7g~ if] I¥J " 5! fJt " ~ Ell ;tk ~ ~ fn EfJ If ]g Iff *~ Y'~I¥J ItfIB 1f J:t ffij ~ ¥t t¥J. ~, r~~ tt I¥J JJI[ i~8;t ~ ~ if :*:~ f1t % 1ft I¥J }j!
i~o ]A Jj- fD 1t i5t,
t

~-m~~~~.a~~~~~%~~~~offi&,~*~

~ if] PI~ 16'~ I§ ~ ~ A _t mf J9f i5t B'-J 1J~fit tf ~ l:l¥-Jiti~!I! ~ lGli, ~ffJPJ ~ 1tt1fJJ ffiE IPJ -1' Iil] mo 79 !It, ~ if]~ ~ tl~IE ~ 1* ¥ ~ flJ- _Ii ~ Jl1G it~x1 00 tr"1:: ( ~ fft f:i ItI¥J ) ~ tt J; PjQJ I¥J~~ ,f.(, {g rfll a-t~ ff] it!iA 00 1*~ ~ ~ #:f ~ It 7g ~

t¥J~~*.tftJ
~~~(

I¥J jt{#t~~· ~tJl~f!&· ft~JW§, r*$ttl¥JJ]!i~" ft §~1f~*,J Er-J ~., {g!D~Z7ji(1fB9~."(Ruggie 1986: 152)0 'EM~~"I¥11£:x1 11-7g 1*fJl ~s Z IBJ ~ ft:J lEI Bt fI¥ ff, ep ~ ~" x1~ J_9f 1l !f9JJ ~ Yll {iiJ Jif. a
0

~~~.~I¥J~m,¥mmm~~~ffi~.~B'-J~m~w~~~~

~OO~I¥J.-tfll¥:JnX:ffiJ

~ff¥xjj\ffI¥JJ_mi~

m 1iJ~~~)lt

*~
0

Jtftk¥!f!Dl¥J.~*'fi

f(]wr ~ I¥J $!~ -@ Jt ftf? EfI.J J_I il?: nu ~ll ~ fn J9f:ff iJj I¥J t1~~, m ~~ ff !It t!ttl 7g~a~it16\{Wff¥~
(Taylor 1989: 121-122)
0

~~~ •• ~~m~-~~~l¥J$~m•• l¥J,w~*~~~~x

l¥J Jjif: ~ ~ ~~~?iJ. ~ ~x17!P lk ¥lJ ~ l¥i Et9 fOJ ~

~~~#~~A.~ •• om~~~*tt~~~bm.~%~
0

CD

~~:At ~ ~ it I¥J $
@ ~

Jb(* 1¥J;fX~
0

~~.~*~~~~~tt~mN~ili~.ft~mA*~*~,~~
~ I¥J iH:i1JZili ~ T ~ ~, ~ fn ttt rlJ ~~~M§D~t!ili~~ft~~~N.~~~~~ttl¥J~~~~o M~~~~a.m~tl~~¥~?~~iAjJ,M~~MI¥J~~-~ ~ ~ }E .r£ I¥J Z J9f t( ~ f$, JA{ rn l§: m t~Elf 1N iJt l¥J fr _7g 1*:fl1 ~~~ z fa]
0

l¥:J~m~~~~~~~l¥:Jm~~~*fi~~~~~~~®*o~M
fg~, HP f9! f!G ff] IPJ 1£ rE! xj tx ~

m~ tf ttl ~ 1-~a fU 1-r jJ 1*j!{j ~ " mIi.l*JE " I¥J" jG mt¥-J " f!j}

*~

if:"

156)0

cD

-i! 1Jmr~f9lJ--Tiff it t'( II ~ f".g ~ (Ricoeur) xt!5~

~

±:x.J1I! ~

l¥J m i.iJL (1988a:

155-

(ZJ

l¥Jati!*.JC-i9iJ9HmtlS;ffl-m.f£~~"J!~";fn£~*aq~~e?x_t_jJ'i#il~~~~6Lo

r.~.illfl---·~!tf~l!I!

it (~1l}~l£ -*..lI ie lJt..ltftk) 1t l!J f8¥fJ

~1(i, {.§. 't; In 2:tf

f~

------------_.

390

l¥J*-* *f&~~~1itfJLilB9 {Em~~*t ~flJrz:~ Ti-rjJ1*, 1-r~f* x~~T~~,W~~X~z~~fi~~,m~~~W~~l¥J~~u ~*&:lfjJlTf.JfJl.Mzt~1¥J ttl ~ mr ff{oJ~ ra] ~i-rjJ i*;f1l ~ fij~ R 7g H::" l§ K lk:)E " ~, B ¥t 7GWJ T ~ ttl :i!l' 1100~ ~ J3 ~ 1'- tr TIDt¥J [y, ffiJ jJ ~ 1(i B9 ilL.if IiIf 1~ ¥U fflJ tT CD :i!-~i~m~lI!JYf~:Pl¥J lE~-l'~ A fg n~(fJ fl *i-r 7g l¥J l]! i~o ~ltlA7g, :i!-'tJ]Ii~§Jt1Z'~7g~fnm:1~~#~~, ~~~1n~ .~~m~~.~~tl~~m~%~~~.~l¥J~fto:i!-m~~ iff<:f~ili : tit W~ ~ A ~ 1-r7g i*I¥J 1-r7g ITff *R Jit T ~ Jl.. (fJ, ~ Bt A ~ it!~ 1£:IX ~ ~ Jl..1¥-J ~r.fl Z 1:JJ£ fT m Z9J {FJ ft :ff ~ ~ 1n~ $lE fB Jt fJT 1'£;lJt ~ m~ r~ M¥ff ii I¥J $!Jm Y.. ~:tm foI 00 ~ tE Jt ftk m~ 'r fD¥ ~, ~ 1f] :;;;f ~ mJ fJT ttl m ttm r:~I¥J ffi{ E§ @ /J\ ~ fJl ~ m ~ if fm {iiWJ m. *f l¥J ~J!i#J £ s.m~ tit 110 It{ 5t fJf , {!!A. ~!p ~ fm, ~ ffi1 ~ A ~ ~ ~ i.R ~ jc it 111 J1.j E, ffij IJ\ ~ fQ x~m JIIu : 1f & ~ 1nx1i1ffi. *f IIit l¥J~ xJ4!?t Jf PI ~ 11} *~?J7 tT In ~ {~PI JJl1Lt if S tif FJf fm Ji}-l19 " x>t f@ fr 7g I¥J 5C ~ f8¥ f-J" A fl fA~ I¥J I¥J iJfJ tE.~ ~ ~ 3:. s: (fJ 'r£ J9t, IWJ at ft ff] tI! PI J)l tf ~ im I¥J mW tE JI it _t iJt :l! /FPJ ~ I¥J 7'1 T i~p_,g:i! -IOJ m, ~ In fli ~ ~ it ~ fJ ~ rPJ ~ ~ J]! i~~ ~ 1lJ fr Elf EY: A~ I¥J ~ ff tm ~fjfJJ w i~~ Jt -;ff PJ lj'i1:, -tlt W-i'Y m~ ~ f-F t¥J '!IE ? ~ ff] PI~ ~ ftr tit J1-B'-J IM~@ 1* 't1: 1'- ¥ !Ito ifD ~ 7'1" ~ ftJ ..ffij J( ~ JJ -1'- $f!O liJD ~ 7g " ~-rjg 1*" ~ ? <3> iJt:, *± 4? fJl.~ ft it i~J!1'-11i]1M at~ pr ~ ftf! in H: :(£ 3fl jJ T- fm 1f *1* i~"I¥J i~ ~, ep ~ :% 1!Y B: $IJ " ff if ff foI!f911 " ffJ i~ bjt f!l~, ~± f4 ~ ~t.. 1* i~" ~ -'t iRJ I¥J f~ m lij tf ~ I¥J m t*~ rirJ ~ x>ttf~**iJl, If**i*itl¥Ji~~rlJ~iti~I¥J~~Jt~II~#''*W'' ~nJt T tltJ1'E ~~"M~'''I¥J*[Y~~~~~''!ItoMt''ft9 *W? ffij
0

.4to~

=ff.

*
0

*~~

~~* *"

**

FfJo ftE~~~#tF:f!mJ:ti~~tf.J
n~45)o
@ @

en

m It~.WT*B9~-W::

"ilii~:(:E** 00 ~~i* t¥J~~ at~f@jf rEJ T~~~)E i£; pg Nfb.:~tFffl tf.Jr-_" (Dessler, 1989: 452,

1'£~*~.

i#lt~ Taylor (1989: 121-122)0 ~IlT.Xja~wrj:\:ffJ.tR:1J'f!ag~'!~i-ft

iW#:~ Bartelson (1993: 39-42)0

391

Xft± ~ f4 ~

1*i~Ji!l~o CD 1*1l] ffliJi , fiB ff]~*itl¥J~f±~tltW EY:ir<Wt*~~1OJ!Im ~3! l' Jo )3tLiit, "*i*i~"I¥J* )( Ej § ttf-4~*JYflWI¥J" .it"~~1it miVlo @ *~i~~~#1:fA~it[firttW-t¥Jm~ ~1~~fn1~~iI
0

~ft~~~~~*~~,~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

**iJi, fiB fn $]A */F ~ ~ f!P *it *1*ii?: ; ffi ]X, 1ii!if] ,~,

*H~~~.~~~.~,m~ ~~ k:.{ ~ fiJ ~, if ~ fB fN i~-tl!~ llii ff T ttl * 1£~ ii M J!*f I¥i:i1~, 1it !f{- rgc r~ :If Wi ~ t'F " 1* *"~" " to lJl mI fJT, rm lEI lit 00 *1i!*Bt *m 79 *±~ T " A JIi 1t$= !1m" , "13-jg 1*" ~"fJi" ~ 1f " slft -fa '*" fJ~z., :i!~ m A ft~ l5? tm {iiJ ~? 1X in JYf ~ ~ ffJ tit !If ~ tit W*=~ z ra] **Xi! :G ~ I¥J ~? 1E~u~ ff] J9f ~ ¥!J {J9 ¥-fi, m~ iE: ~ M." m! ~ j: "I¥:J Jij it ~:i! ~ fl3J m, 7g lit f1k 7X 7g ~ f+ M. pg tE j@ Itiitfb( -¥ k J_l1¥J xYl 1qx T ;if 1ft * 1ft II, #; if] if) ~ JPj ~ tit 1f j! a$ JL r~ I¥J ~lR ff:ft I¥J , # Il., :rot *~J1 tit Y? PI~ §k1f €~Ji $~ fn l¥J ~ffft) , *±~ tit !If JG ~ iB. $:~llllt if!~, -m *~~ 1}[ 1ff ~ it 8':1 ft)
M¥~$~W~.~~~*W
ffjj
0
0

;fj\

JI] ~

EfI.J

jJ~

5{

@]

fI} ~

J~

~ij

ffij

Jj[

Jj[

1lT3£liill fln *flt1r'J m~1f{?tfff~ffJ, 1T;91*~.~® [§ Erj" A~ff 1£" ffJ ~ ~ 8"J iJ§-, ~ in ~, ®f it ill1!~ ;!k I¥J ~ i1lJ ITff , IE ttllfml ~ JiJf tl:HfJ~~~, ~f~¥Jj~ -,g, !li~f£Hi3::)(l¥Jittw~~f!Ji1¥J M\f! ffl ~~ ~ ~ i¥J J-' i~mA, =21 mtl1it Jf ~ /G PI ~ ~ 1il1t 79PI ~J\l~ Et9 • ~ I¥J ;g;; 1:, 1£:iX ~ 1=13C" J{~ ff;ff" I¥J it ~ 1J!, 11:;ff ~ ~ x]M,~ PI~ t&:
0 0 ~

~n~oc~~~~~~#~K~~oZ~~~W,~~ftT~~~ x~ m 7'J PI ~ ~ f'F ]X ~ i~fll¥J 1!!f 1£ J3;~ -1'~~1J!tfJ ~~ ~ ~ Hf ~ Jr!=£ f'F ~ iiE f!ij ~ xm ,~ ~ 1L1¥J liE fI CJ)
J~

s.

~~~

]A :1j -1f mf itt, __t:i£ $~/F ~ jJ! ~!1!!

iB.~ '£ 'tf«

f~ A 1f] x1fA ~ § B I¥-J ~ i~ ft fn 1~ ~ @} 1~ ttl J! f$1¥J:H ~ : f& JYf!R ~ l¥J ;g; 1*;!k ~ .I;

ffl

ttlWT*( 1989: 445) ~j!~iji:ilt: ":(£*xlE, ~~'.A'!;ij' *1*tt:' "~frFz ~"*1*~" ~"m~tJ I¥J it! UJ ~ tJt~ '-11!" ~PiPJ" iW~ ~ Black
@

CD

~~~

-r Mfi*"*w.~"l¥J1§"~itit,

jf~.!l

Hamlyn (1984: 34-59)

0

Hesse (1966)0
@

*w

~~*f~~
(1962);

IE tm Danto (1989: 192) BlfijiB"] {£ I¥J ~ iJ~ ~ ;fH -- 1& Et!J tf

0"

;Jj~¥-f:

"~lflJiJf mf±fO iA~ E8tit :?fH:13 mff11J~ff

392

H:tEi~i~ § GJL" 13 r:p ffl1A. PJt¥J-~~1¥J~1iEo *±~f-4~*z rEiJlL~* f*i~fFJiti~#/F7lP }]{¥U~~!#o"~ftz. f-F", W M{E 7t1'JTJ#4ilJ "1ft ft z.. ¥f:" lD ~ if] ~ tJi :1! ff 1f{" ~ f1J " ~ 1&~ "t il1}[ ~ iff""""'___
0

~ Z 1tB Elf Wilt ~ ~ if] I¥:J " Jt ~ 1f 1£ f~fiE" 1± ~ f9l fi1t 1:, Z P)f ~jfro 1~ l.ti J!t$ Er:J ~ ~, !!¥Jl r t± ~ f4 ~ ~ 11']Jtt qT 1*if: i~ ~ l¥J 11 A a 7g ~ ~ -,~ ¥JJ" fiJ 1}(mA "~ ~ tf ftf IIJJ;tt f~• ~ t¥:J m~ f~1}(:1! @ -~~ l¥J m ~; ~if~,*if¥.f~~.!fo/.Jtf $::l!~~ltftBErj*gg ¥f~@ ft: fg~, #1# $:~;!f;@ ~ fiB l¥-J Jlli 1:np ~ N ~ i~ '# 4io " A!k Et'-J ff. tE ", ffij
0

*W~ *!t:

~ ITO" ff t£" I!Jt ! "~ flJ .. if] tE tit ~ ~ ff:l mJ9f jj:. fm l¥J W, ffif ~ ~ i(J Iii Jfj T tlt !II- if{ ift 1iJf JE l¥J --j's: fm I¥J it i1!in -% T"q~
0 ~ ~

~~~*Hft~W~~I~~~~~~ftl~~Mm~~M~~M

.?k

*~~~

7g1*"~"

='¥tm8"J®~"

~a

J:IP.I it 8§ mil ie
!Ii~

mrm~~~.iliffMmR,$~~MI¥:J~~~~~I3~~~~~T
~ 1t
J1tl
0

m~.ili{f] ~:1£ fA *~f!ij 11k B t~3f ~fiXf ~af~3: SI.. m~ lk ~

-!5 -fP M~ iiI rPJ ~ rPJ tt£ (fl~
~

~~ * ,It!', ~Jf3 ~ frj *tm at M ~ft~~~~~m~li~I¥J~~o~~~~~W.~~-~~,~

7( ftJ rAft flf fII.J $I 1!•

~1¥J~=ffjJl*:~1~

=t ~~iJtft~~WiJ I¥J% J:~ ffif I¥:Jm~,~~~~Wft~*~~~fM~.*~~~T~~~*$

~i!J:1ik~T~j$JTiA lJt¥Uf4~JIl~
20 tittc 90

JI§" M I¥J rAft ~

fn If~ tf 1f~~ t¥J IK

1f:1-tlJJ't1t~~99-.m m~ *- HJ) f¥J J1~t¥, JJj~

"~

~iE~m

i& #~~ Q

xx iJR i~"~± !I ~"ffij ~ ~ ~

0

fiJ " , 11k tl!~ f~ rPJ r

~it"~#g 1:)( "ffiJ ~~ "f4$ ~ 1£ i~"

a~~*~~ao~~a~~:~~~a~~~~~~W$:~T¥

1£~m~~1:~~m*m~oo~am~,mM~-~~*~~

IPJ Bt;f§ Ii.it fp tm j! - ~}f5 ~ ~? 1£ :tm Po M Et9m tif J9f Itjf § ffJ jj~ f$, iii iJ~jJ\ ~ M. 7G 1& J1f ;jX 1& Er:J • ~ iJil ~fttl f~fJ JEt itt B'-J ~w.#. . JG. PI m ~~~~~~~~~~~§~h~~~~~~,@E#~~ft~~ 'If(£ rff)~~ullto mtifJj~tJ 1jaiJt1ij.~:" JGiIlJff~~:R:IE~J9fnr8t

~~*~~,~~ax~~~.~OO~ll~mm.~ ••~~~~

ftft" § IDJ W tE j! ~1* ~~tm,11JEt itt ~ ,jet!! Z tJJJ, ffjf IN~ -tl1~ -r f>t ~~3!:Et9~:5z r:p 19~, tzQ*JG~J&tt:5Jg,~fmr:~i!@Fo*, iffl ll~O* 19911:pZPotitWEr:J~~fql;J 1991 ~Z lWEt9tit~-ff~~tE7G
0

*",

*~ ~

I¥J"

(Wendt 1992)

CD

f$:% jg f"F It,fMt t~¥.f ll- Jjif?: 7:)- 7g JL ~ ~ ~ I¥J ~ §JU , # ~ J1t 11= 7g Jt s: if; Et:J ttl 'ii. Jg ( Wendt forthcoming: 8) 1l] iiS ~5t,~ #:fj! i~1£ fOJ # f¥ If _t ~ ~ if] xq- tit W l¥J tlQ J£ *w. 7g '11: ffI.J 11;1 ~ ? Iff] At, i!~ i~ Wit ':f J_9[ T ~ mr 'r£ 1t 8'1 !fo/J ffl-~l1=~ it z. *F t¥J fiB ~? tE i!lt~tf jj~ ~ ¥.f ~~ 4m l¥J ~ ~ ~ if 1~~'ji: ~ I¥J {£ if!) ag Jj[ i~~ PI~ ~ ~ z 7g " ~m 3: if ". ffiJ Jj~ ~ fH fEf !1m 11ft -:11~~ llc ~ tit !f I¥J A !Jttl ~ " ~ mt ± )(_ if" fiF liE ii

~OO~**~~ft$*~~L~~mfp~tl~~mffJ~~m~

*•

*, * s.
~~ ~ ~

.JEt~~~~)((~~~~A~~~~~~~~~-~~ffJm~ *),A *f ¥f ~ n!.;(£ T~ - m x1lt r:p ,1M -f!jo/.] Jfft 1:Sf.. ffJ M~~ Yffif m_ mlf5[ f iit m!~ 3:: s.Jjif;, IE *l¥J fX jJ ~ EE 1?; t¥J fin ~illi JW I*~I¥J, iffl 00 ~~ 1* 19t
0

*~aflJ m~ IZ9 i~~ ltiilli t¥J ?t 1ff iffl *~I¥J

~ ffii , if tm m~ ME {jc iA. 131¥J ~~ ~,
0

*±~ '£ m fU 00 ~
fit m~

if:{( rill¥J ¥g mt .£

1ft 1ft ~ in §f lA. .7-; ff. 1£ l¥J tji 4?0

* ~~IJt¥Jh&Hm-Zrajt¥J3JL1tf"(Wendt 1992: 396 and Wendt 1994)0@ 1m lij$~Ji 11:~ til *fn iJF~ ~ '@t- -¥~ B9 # ~~ ~ ~ ff:(£ t¥J *gg, Tfff ~:IX ~
-¥ mZ IS] I¥J ~ ~, ffff 16' 1m~ 1t~ it

*l¥J 1JA

)(~~~M~~~~o.~~~ffl~~~~m,iffl~fin~.~.ttl

=* 191J*i~, ffi lit ~ fn /F 1m *1f fX tJ MJ ~

Jl! fD¥ 13 TV1~ '11: 4m Mt 'Ii I¥J Lit _~ .. J9f

§~R~~~m~W~t¥J~M~~M~~~.£)(~~,~~m
•

CD
@

m it $t Behnke (1993:
Wendt (1992: 396);

1) o
Wendt (1994);

iWtt~

Walt (1987)0

394

~~~£~~~~~~~~~E~,~&~~~W~~~~~~~
;tt::$

t¥-J fF 7g f8¥ ffrJ *±~ ~*~~~o~&~~,~m~~~-~~mm~~~ffl~ffJo~

0

s:

*J[, ~l~#~~~fkAJ9f:ffI¥J¥JJ~,
Q)

~fnEt9~iRm,~t~l5fmAM ffJ ¥ ~'r£ 5t fJT, ~ l~1t jt # ~ H:*= T 1- A.

ff]1iJ ~ )!~i)t: "f?1£tf ~:ff~±~~ ~I¥J~~" , ffij:i! -~f~~ ffl 1:5 ~ -1' f± 4t I¥J It ffB $:~ ~$, ~ z_ ~ ~ ~ -l=5 ~ ~ ~ ~ 00 ~-F !L rBJ

z~~

~~~~a~m~~~~~~~~~~,m~~M~~~A~~.
@fU±1*fS]@1¥J W1iE, ITff~1f11f¥JJ1!It E ~fJl1' A £~ ffJ~ *3 (Wendt
forthcoming: 1) 0 @

*~~~~*~~,m~~m~~~T¥#OO~a~ffJ¥~~~;@

~~~ffBOO~~$o~@~~M~TOO~~~~~~.~;~M~ t3"J'W!lJJr, ~nt~fJl0 ~ ffJ &~ 1lT tltWffJ*fIEM9:Xo Eb T~it-T

~mf~~~~IA,m~~~~~m~~~~~~~~~~
~mmffJ ••

~~&OO~~M#~~~~ffJB~fJl§l¥Jo~h~~~~~-#.

~~~I¥J~~&~ffffl~¥,ffij~~~~~~~~~~~~.~. Sf..~*ml¥J~¥o~~~~~I¥J€.%~.~T~M •• ~~~~

~~t¥-Jm~~~o~a~~~m~.t3"Jm*~~~~

ff1t?l.tEt'~,1ft~#~F'I'l- PJtm l¥J~a T 00%m!Jitr1?;ffj ~ mtifQ 1£ Sf.. ~ 1& J1f ~ ~ J;J. fr, 51- & 1f~ fm I¥J " ~ mt " ~ " ~ Sl.. " (Wendt

*0 ~

1992: 395; Wendt forthcoming: 15) 0 CD

9U *l:~i~ $f $:fL Il9 itS", ft fn ~fM ~ t¥J I'Il],mit ~$: T ~ in M~ ~ f$~ f~fJ l;t ril f'F 7g tit m- $9} I¥-J ~1'- $~ffiI tm J;J. 7t fJT 7g it Z ~ $~ 1:tIL~d~:T±~~fXh? m~tEJttJW~ ttl I¥J ¥~ § ~~~Jj_ if;~~ . ~~19!~ff]l9Cf!JJj il:-m5l· F~x11t~ WT·~;fJJWT I¥J 1Itifo @ F ~
0

fi~s&tl~~~~~m~fttl~~~,~~~~A1f§~~~~
~ fiE ; E§ Jlt~ fbt,
ill
®
@ @

m *fill iA 7g ~

T 3G~~ ~ ~ T I¥J 00 % N)£ t9:;ff J_I m lH

Wittgenstein (1988: 262-275)0

i!1'-~Ji~~:Qli=~(fJ{D~.~**f~Wi:l:!!o~!M
Welldt (1994:4);

Wendt (forthcoming:

1).

Wendt (1992: 395); Wendt (forthcoming:

15).

ift I:t~
0

Rousseau (1967: 204-263)0

?1ffi_~ §

cmi±:ftltJ T ~--fHfCJf£(

1992: n ,

39, 402)

._ ...-

.. ------_

------~

-_._---

--~-

li~~,~~~m~~~~d~~offi&,ftmW~~fi~OO*.~

~~~¥~OO~~~®ftB~~~-~OO~~~~~~~OO~,W H~~.®~&.®m.m~~OO~~li~~~~W~~~~o~ ~ it 7g -1' § ?~m nX: 11~ 7* fi~89 $lJ JJ['~ x~~, f;l jJ ~ ff5 H?& ~~~
0

*@~~~~lli~m%~~~~~~ott~a~~m~w.~~,

~ ~ *Ji j!_t ~, {g H:~;t?& E~ H: JG@: Jff ~;65 t¥J ftJ It'Ii~ ID:, 1'£ Jj! ii: _t ~ if] tt~ fmf-lF~ jt :&:'~~1t I¥J 1lTflli'l1: (Wendt 1992: 407) <D

ff 1£ J!~ ~ Z IBJ J9fi1t ff I¥J 1Jh if~ $~J:, 1£ fIT I¥J mAll, l± ~ ~ Ii. ~ e.~~~i4Jf rot jg 1t~ I¥-J IN *'11:~ ~ IN!~ ~ t£)! ~ ~iJf ~ ff] : " ~3 ~a~ , ff Jg 1*~ ~af~~ Eb ~ ~ HP +r 7g 1*I¥J fj 11 fJf ~ ~ ~ W iir I¥J "
0 0

~~m~~S~~~Mm~m~~~~*~*~o~~~.~ma iJ~ l¥J ~~ ;f:$, /F 1.£ IPJ at ff tE~ ~a ffl IT~ ,,*:i!~ l'*~, llJf ff tE ¥Ij fJJ mf

00 ~-F ~ I¥J ~ ~ 1-''Ii±)( x~,~ &:~ *li it mk, ffif IIjf ijt aJ} l± ~" ~ ~ " -f* @f

~m~~~~*~,~tl~li~~~~~~.~.~~~
*

(Wendt 1994: 23-24)0

tE 20 ttt~c 90 1f{-t 1JJ , ~ ~ ~ A. ~

§J~~

it I¥J Ill] a ~!IU 1nJ ~ ~ ;Jj~

~tt it¥if iJt, 00 ~-F1* flg Jif.~ EIf:ff 00 m ~:ff f§ {J;,{ Et9 ~ 1m : 1± ~ it fO ~ ~ xg f!l! ~ in 1$£~ttl :flt~ I¥J fUtJ It~UfO f*~ .:E ~~~)F ~B 00 ~~ Z 18] I¥J tt - rR JJU~ IN~ 1JtJlt 113]f1ti :ff fX 11 Et:J /G IPJ 19!~ (f] ; Jg.1f 00 M
0

~~M,@AA~OO~~~~~~••• ~.mT¥~.~~~o~

it~JIj T :iX l' riiJm, W u, $it 1#~ fn -ar ~ fVf M I¥J ~~ t$, fm xf ~ l' 111] 1m I¥J 5t fIT ~ ~ 1lt*u ft JE. }6'~· rx jJ\ tt I¥J 1f ~:itt lr I¥J 00 % H'-J 5!{jj- r~1iE~ tm {OJ *Jf Etl ~ 8':J ? 00 D9 Jft Y!t fn ~ ~ ;f rug ~ it fiB in l¥J ~ 1Jt~ 11£? .m~ rx jj\ ~ A 7X ff J!ij iJD JA:i! ~ ffJ Jjt mmJ i11f

n~~~~~ffi~M$~~~~~~~~~~o~mw*·m~*

~Ebf~~I¥J~*Wili~I¥J*~~~~~~~tt~om~ft,~OO *Dl!ff ~ ~ fa] *It ![ffi :R;tl )1- at, 00~ *= *~*in {ijjc ~

ffJ M

I¥J fl *frJ¥ -f-

**

*~

* *

Q)

Wendt (1994:

19) ; Wendt (1992:

407).

.......

Id

....

_. ..............

dIII:I

LIIiII:I,.....-

----

.. -

----

396 [tiIIQj (fJ if

~ #f {P..t, ~ fn 5G fiX: J!~ {f ~ FfJ 1m jJ muif ~~

0

*B'-J ~
0

rPJ ( W al tz

1979: 90-91)

~&A,~H~@OO*~~~*m~~.~~~~OO.M~* (Wendt 1992: 396) 1lA Jlt ffJ ~ fPl ~ m ¥lJ 20 tit ra 90 ~ 1-t fJJ M
0

* .~*m,~~a~.~.*&~*moo*~.~~~~~
0 0

xiJlt, m_~if~il!: JK#lf*~f7t~n1tEr-J*JJ~J_li1?;::f&tlT!lWJJ9t:t )( Et-J xW.la., ~ & 1'£ ~l! fM Jl .I;fiiJt ~ ffJ ~ I¥J *±~ ft pg ji tzll l'~ 1* tffl:fl ~ f5t ~ ~iE ~ :tlJt 1=j Jt 1m ~ 1* ff. 1£ lllK JJU l¥-J ii5, ~~ z ¥.f }iff ff • ~ 1*~ m 7g iJt Jlt Ia] 79: if ~§Jtll¥J J]! i£; ~ JlJ 1m fPj a;j ~ ~M mJ ~Jl {OJ €U~ ~ If!t~1iEI¥-J J_M iJt: ffij Il., ltp i~~ ffJ ~ m ¥u -r rx ~ r!&?t tIT~ jl; 1* fa] ~ tJ ~ EJfflr I¥J ~ n[Pj J!- ffiI ~ , ~ 11']&~ \A.l/q¥U rTIff :i!W -1' ~ffij /f' ~ ~I¥-J.-$~: lE*ra}(fJ IKJjtl~:@~~Jft~f~jJl¥J?tnc8;tfm.ff~~l¥J

*~

B':1~t}!!xitp
JiJf

J!jJU~~

l¥J ~,

~i5iJf~ 1-t rx jJ\ 1!xi ~ f)j- % fiX l¥J *in 1!1t ± ~ J_I fi (Wendt forthcoming: 2) -E! ~ fn fi!t¥1J T ~ - J~' 1tG fn it~1i: JIJ1 ~ f* {fJ ~ f3t Jt ~ # ~:!W: !IWJ .&t llil ~ ft ~ ft-J , 1H JX ~ ,~, ~ *±~ It f~ {fJ tc ~ CD ~ 1ft -1' A tt IJ1\ JL:tti! x!M ~ Bt :f[t~it7g JE t:l: mJ Q:ff 1± ~ Jt Jff1 mJ I¥-J A J9f ffi. iA l¥J mr m: F ~ Z fru % $: § c. tlf 1f {fJ ~ 1J}- ff., -1'- 00 m $: § BffJ ~ fJ} t'f tiE, 1I lJc T ;tt 7g ;tt {tk 00 J9f jfc R L¥J fi II @ m.Llt, 1:fX ill ~\ ffl ~R -Jg fIt ;tJt f'ftt± ~ B':J ffij ~F~ {~I¥J 11~ Ef)l ~ ~" JAJM T" IE {fJ ~ IN tfb, rm ~ 7g jt ftk 00 PH itT Ef9 -#;fj( ~
0
0

*ft~~am$$*m~~~~~~~*tt~m~,#m.~~~

l¥J fJjf ffi~ill ~ Ji ~ i1~ fn 1~ :±r:¥.f #-: 5t ff! t{r liE ~ m :&~ I¥J~ i~ rx $ tt /f' fit ~!I! 91 ffl 90 :1f itm M {r,( -if ~ 4 JiJf 1f A ~IJ1f ~ Ii:.'\ ff]"'ft it JffiJF 1tG in *= Et3 ~ 00 ¥.f ~~$:ft~~I¥JOO*o f£m ¥.itt fn J9f &' ~ fi\t t¥-J i!~ f± ~ !L~ IN ¥ f3t .f1 J_I i~ Jfl
0
,.

~~I¥J~~o~~~tJ~~~£~~~M~~1'OO*~M~~~~

r* ~ f!~~fmWfn

~1* ~ fJtf~riEJi}f

*r 1f Er-J ~x:5, x-r;f§ *~~~iili *= *iJ{ ~

*,~

~*
CD
@

*~~
0

l:t~ Mead (1964: 135-226)0 H::~ Ringmar (1996)

0

m~B"Jfi7g.m.~EEOO~~~M~~~"I¥J~1*~.~~~J9f~
0

- J!}J... iZ: l' JfJ J3l fJf ~ 1* I¥J ~ fjt f~{iE, ft fn ¥t 1JR ¥J. ~ x1 ftJ M ft& tlJ fgf t¥J f.tl $IT {7t #I fIJ ft Z elf ~ {J] ;f§~, JH: fN 1~ mit!: JE EE-T ff.! ~ In X>J § 5l ffl !If j£ tic j£ If ~ ff] J9f iA jg B9 § 5t ft J~ Z J9f tE {E f'F 7g~ l' f~~ ~ fJt B91W ~ r, ~ ff] x;f ;ttt ~ --t¥ 1f~ 1mr 1:(~ /G r: 1:);!t #~J M:o rPJ f:f, 8l~~1¥J ~{?}~ Eir *±~ JiJf~fg B9i! -,~1f~ffif§, ttJ M m~*±~Jtfgl¥Jr:!fmo rtlJ1t, 5t{jtfOttJ~~~1m~iA~~A In" §~ ~ *I "I¥J 1!!f it 1~ If] Q 1f :(E _tg iA. ~ fn l¥J ;tt 11kA I¥J 1Li9J i1fj q:t ~ ;t~$:~1tt1'''f~j£ EfJ A" -fF, 5l1l**~ T ~ 11i!.AB"J~¥, ~fnik:@ ill /G ~ ~ n.X:" § c.1¥J 5t f51~ fiE" CD flf *±~ ~ t¥J lH I!fiJ ~ :iK -- xm ,g, tm't t~:If: jj li "fti ~ " ft9 'f1!t ~ =* 7tfff ftJ M fU ~ {Jt z: rBJ t¥J I¥J (Wendt forthcoming: 20) 00 ~EJTfN IE ffiiJir I¥J fifJ @. ~j.».. Ej:iX ~ jf.J ~
0 ~

**

**

**

s<. *:ff IN }t ii51- ~ b! tll *xi EfJ ~tl $ff iffi ~ 1lt l5f ( ;9.; ~~ 1:1ft 1'&: B?J] jJXt), 33 -11 00, § IE J.I'jt E)( ~:if!l gq. 1:2. rs§ A -r ~ ~ -1' ~s , il if?; NP : 00 IS] I¥J itfF~;tt#~~-nt !Jill~~I¥J *W, I25J JIt_R 1ftE;ljt~~~1itJj!(
iJJf Jj!~ I

#~~,~~~SI...~*~m~.B~Tm~~~~~o-~oo,§~

Il~L~~t~ tE J_I ~ _:E s: m~ ~ }A IE EX:?r 5l1l{PJ~ ijlB~ ~ ~ Yt.llt iJf* 5~ 4ft -¥ ~ l¥-J jfj It ffij 11u fa ~ fJT , ~ ti tE J]! 'r! 1:SI... m~ !It JA 5l1lfPJ ~}f]:if! ~ - C.f~ftJt¥J OO~ ra] t¥JirfFI¥J JH J!t*tm ~ ffJJfJf fg7Ci~~*I[){_t.~~~
0

~A~~ffi~~~~aotE~~~§Eir~~~~m,~~~~~~

~ I¥J ( Wendt forthcoming: 12) (2) "Jt?~~fn Bk2~~1*~f)tfn ~J ~m:fff'F~*± ~ft~ .z tc¥JJ, ~ 1n ¥X PI 1!j J:A - ftft mr I¥J fff 1t *:fJT 5l1lfitJ ~ ~ 00 Ijjj ffl Jf Ej it fF~ ~ -

*~

1t1¥J~151 r_::f~UJ~tB$o CD mf~ikjg, ~~~1'Jt&*B"J § IE1:)(iJf1Em~JiJfa~~~iRN:, 't In tI) ~ 1m m iijZ!If! ~ ~ T J!t iit ~ ~ 3:: ~ I¥J m Jjt,~, I1P 00 ffl 00~ IftJ ~ ~ ~J£1f I¥J IDj fEl:Jik, ~o~ fit in ¥.f ~ 1* 5.t f3t fn ftJ M ~ /F :ff fF ~ IT *±

CD
®

Alessandro Pizzorno (1986) rI!J ~~ 1it~ A f~H~:tm if: l1:iK ~ IE] ~ it Wendt (forthcoming: 12); Wendt (1994:6).

CD

ff~:iK}JITifEfl.Ji£~. Wi~9I!.

Co-operation under Anarchy (t986)--=ttml¥J)(~o

398

1ff I¥J • ~, fffi ~ ~ ~ It] fl7'J ±i Mt± ~ 1i.~ :tt~ ffij fiIt#g I¥-J rz: #J, Jj~~ iT £8 ?t ffr m~ 11; 1:gt *it fiJ ~ ~ T 1Mj *± it:1f~ ret IR ~ T ~ in I¥J ~ {51¥.i tiE, IWJ at~ ljt ~ T ~ fnJ9f ~ ~A .89 1j _Jg I¥J i!,fJT I¥J 1f 19J % A:~ PI~ .p:~~ ~ %~ I¥J 00 ffij:i! fit i1T ~ OO*Wf A1ifI¥J;f!J~1JtJtt 1'aJ /F*nrtm~1: (Wendt and Friedheim forthcoming: 2) jl ~ iff!~ i9: :ff fljJ ilr j"1j m 1l ~ B: i~~ f$ {~¥U ~ ,~, f!! fm f~ll3 Ji ft< ~ H9 S M it;to '\00 ~ pg W 1ft mxl I¥J Ji;f§ ~ illI;l]J{ ~ f5j( '11: iJ!l 111~ ~ J:_ ± J/.. 1¥-J1f ~ PI ~ ~ l!.t 1£ IN 11t.Itt !f lE 5t {51I¥J 11 X\:, m J1t #J mill ~ J1~Z. ~ 7g 1& rtJ l¥J if ~ 00 fa] (i)
~ Jf ~
flJD ~

Z WIit B i5! ~

*~

*,

*~

*
I~

~tt U 91J ~

i' 1i!i

*~

* * **

19if t£ J: 00 m if mf~I¥J -!f. !til ~m,Jlt Bt ~ 5t fJT T W5 ,9. : ( 1) X>jff 7g f 1*- t~f~ IOJ IBlI I¥J ~J¥~ 3::)( fUlFlR 1f ~ ~ ~F~$iU Z ~ ~ A {~Hli Efl ~ 17

'* ~M~~OO.~OO,m~#~~~~M~~~~~~~~~l¥J~~ 11: YO *ft f(] fP1 It:lZ ~ ~ *~EfJ Jt ~ ~ ~ x!t,~, M~ ~ l~ JEi M Et:J
If'' l{.~ "ff- 1£ I¥J~ ~,
0

~t¥-JJ_li~, N mtl~7G7t:.fft±~?Jir~I¥-J;
jj~~ ~

mt*iA7gq-r-jgf*fU~sf~ t1ik FPJ ~-1' % ffij _t ~ ffJ JL:% , J!~ JL

(2)
f!ij 1[,

~I¥JIN ~illi5t1f~Tik..J¥J
~~
0

~~~~~*W~~~~~~~~.W~£~~-~~~~~~o 19~, ~ y-jf ~j;«j 1'- ~ {~rH~I¥J ['OJ m: (1) 1J!M 8"J m~ fO Po AAI¥:J m.~ 1±X!t,~ J:ff:a::ff f& *Et9 x-r J[ ; (2) m ~ Po AA ~ ~w. g x-r-T - @ ~~'lit 1i ,
0

m~~~~M~~*AI¥J.~o~M~m~~*~~~~W~~~ ~@~tt~&mMtl~~~OO*~~*~~.~,~~me~~~

im,~ ~*~~M~m~~-~m~~~*#~m,MmB~m~. lj::J 7g lit Jtl EfJ ffif 1l,~~ fl @ I¥J ~, m f~JYf;Jf TI B'-J ~ f1J 3:: J!...lI ii:: 1ft

J9f*~I¥J%A~OOI\.~~t€l~~MI.lrff1'±MJl][~, 1fij~~tf~~S(_LI¥J J.I it fiB iA 19 : xr T IE i{ i5t, :m:~ I¥J ~ ~ ~ mI ~~ ~ Jffi:'~ .!jJ ;9;: f!=! ~, ~ 1!~ :iK # 1f:t:V3 ~ ~ f1;] j: s: J_! i~7G ~ ~ ~ iE 1ifO i¥J : £m ~ fft 1f.~
0

CD :JGii ftk 1£.~ lA, and Friedheim 1995: 23)

t£ ~ ~tft i:5L T :i!~:ii fl JiJ ~ ~ rr-1: ~

0

jIiJ H

Jj tfJ JJ5

*(Wendt

399

mtt ~~ if]~ tJ~~, ~~~~ if] l:fttt:% 89lfx ~ii:i1Jt~f<., rP1 at:i! @ *-~ jf /F ~ EB tit !f fiJf" M -=f" f¥J, rm~ EE jt ffJPJr 'EIJ~ 9{_J, ~~ z ~ tn Xf tit Yf" JE jl; H: f+ z tF T" ~ 7Git1t& ttl $= a,~ JtIT Et9 !lr$ tit!R ~ ~ *Jf ~ #IJ ftJ mf /F fru *Jt 1i ~, ~ T ~ in J9f ~ ~ jt I¥J 1t~ ff tE i5L 9r, Jifi WI I¥J " Jt ~ ff- 1£" 1F:: T Jjf! ~ if EY:1 gg CD if!~, x-f i!! f~ i#.1fI/F I¥J ~, ~ f-F IIM Et9 ~ fg ± SI.. 1=5 f-t~ ~:(£ i~~ it~x-f iL Er-J, 1m Bt , jK t$ 8f.J ~ fl;] ~ 'X
0

~W~OO~*~~~~~To~H,~~~~m_~~~~~~~

~ if] xf ItI¥J m~

IBJ Fn *- gJi::;tt '11: J.9t _t iJt i'f ~ ~ JJi r:rg ~ m:~

~ rilJ

*~

~~&m~~~.~ff~~~~~m~.~fi~~-~~MM~~
7!o
tlO

*~in ¥f Jt f~=£ S( tIit~f.£ s.. ffl-T tit W 1ft 1i31iJf ~,

Pf ~ § c -IE.:fi!: f4 §j- ~ tE i~ ti 'E in I¥J JL:i:m~ )(1"JL t¥-J : ;t£i W f4~ ~ tE i1?:, tit W-I¥J ~ ~ ~ EB 1!t ff §t Eff Etl ~ ffif jt J~« ~ 3:: )( I¥J iJi ~, tit jf

~.~~~~m~w~~~~~~#~~~mo~*~~~~~m /F ,R ~&T ;g;; Nt 'r£ l'ill~, !~ i(t ril *fl1 f± ~ f4~ ~ tf] w ~ 1:itt it :lt 1l z ~f¥Jti~£o~w,~m~~~~~tt~m~tl~~~*~~~~

T xi ~

tn § !i? fF 7'11tt !R- ~ ril~~~ if ft-J fiJf '#.1: ~ it,fk: in ~ J: ff.t ~

ffij

fl M ffl

hi ffij §~/F PI ~ I¥J f¥r _HJJ ~ if] f9T ~ JL ffJ mA, ~ in PI J2-{ fl;] g;r ;t;t l' tit w, ff!~ {f]Elf f1J fit I¥J ~ IQ] t¥J tit W ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 110 ~ lf ~ m::f -~ ~ t§~ l¥J (Goodman 1984: 24-44) ® =Hi: l' Jt:~ m R)] ~ tf] $t fJJ! T ~@{[~~.~~_~4m, {g~, lE17'1~ffftPJL:A ffiJlt~m~-tJJ$~ft-J
J_! if: ~
0 0

fftl~~m~-~m~z~~~~~m~~~,m~~~~~~~

Ell?-~ _7C ~ *I-~ Wi Mr iL :tJJ ~s ~ -&l ilia t~~ 14~ fA ~ :JZfg if jt ffif __§_, tin fil!.1T~:~ 7g -1'" frr J§" ~ ¥t {fJ~ if:1J 3:: Sf.. ~, fill ff"t 16\ ~]fmgig f4 ~~tEi~o fg~, tm*fik:iX~1itt{fJil5, fiP.1~tR:u4J~~~f~±'X~i5t -tt!A~ xl ~ ~s ± J( Et:1liJf Jl iJm fO FJ fiF ffi I!I! it tt if{ Jl fij 3:: )( ~ :¥f PI f1J 1m~ t~ill I¥J~~ fF, ff {OJ -#J.m i1?: tl5 ft ~ ?t fJT*± ~:£ m FfJ ~ ~ l'~ iii

~l¥J*~mu~m:ftin§ 2J9f-P:'J~H3

f¥J ;

*,

CD
@

tt *X Goodman (1978);

t:t ~

Bruner ( 1986a: 95~96 ) ~ ~ Masterman (1970: 83) 0

f'F

400

i~1ft¥~ T JJ it Z.l~P if~1r ¥.f ~~ f1J 1:Sf..~ iJi fF jg Jt;9; ~ J§Z m B'-J ~ 'fl m~, [EJ fIt 't:Jf:ff lJJJ '1~ ft in f!ij S , JJ for Jj~@ 1~$gs f1J 3:: s:~ ~5t8'g ~ f~ ~if~ 1iJf 'R .l:# r!st 1f lI£ 1~ y H1f A I¥J nX CD $ ?~ffij, ep it 16ft t~B';] iiJfJ JJ~ 1ik3]: Elf t# 1f I¥J~ ± s.xJlLg, 11k ff9 l]!i~ ft( ~ ff 1£:f=f ~ 0 z ~ i9tl i5i, it!!. X;J *±~ ~ ~ I¥J ?t fJT 8"t ~ ~rl Jlt in 'ffl ~ JK tF tt % J:i : V3:f& ~l!J~, ~ 00 Elf llk ffJ 1-7 7g {IE 19! -yo J]!

* H~~oo~~~~~m~*~.*~~.M~o~~~m,~-~

17-JJ fJ9 ~ fO¥ ~ " 1:f ~~'t8 t%. :f§ f~ Z ~ I¥:J ~ i}l Jf. M B'-J m t~~ ?~1£ liJfl ±II! :f~tH , PI ~j¥.f 00 ~ ~ fit< ~5£~ ~ FJf ~ Jf fjl f8 tz=:!#JJ , iE~ 1f £f JjlI¥J Btl *t:lf ;{~ Jj~1Joo, ~ffJ£)(~:iftnPJflli1A~, OO*/Fmgt&*~:7gIPJBt Afl~M f1t f'f ~iE ffJ liffj , ~ fn PI ~ {E mtt ;!it~ ~lLi* I¥-J tl1i1ff .t; ffif" ~ tH a -1'~1i ~, 1!! J!:fiF I¥J i~, ~ In x~JiJf 5!ItjJJ I¥J Jjf!fj)] Lj 71' f¥J gy &t - JG JYT ~, ffff V
0

m~, ~~ Et:J*~ti~~PJtrui1t~tm:(£~®l¥J m Jtt PI ~, .~* PI 1m~ ill ·ff{a[ -EJ m f~J9fiSl EfJ" xi @J ~ ~
0

J, ~

'*

*-r

**

~~%~otl~~ft~~*W~~Ttl~~~,OOtl~~~&~~ ~~~~N~~Tff~~,m~x~~~.~~~Ttl~~a~~
1* ;fU ~J!iftJ~~-€I Jl\t T ~

**

.~ffi~.~~~~~**~~~~.ffl¥Jo~~a~.W~fi~

1:0 1n~:i! l'ftijffij~~i1tfJ1f~f~tit f®*~jfWI!& 51 jJ, ffl E #~fm W

~~1£I§*3C*J:r~iffffOJ~*, *1~~tW.tiE1ifO:tEmo CD J!W~*, §T 1f tt fErJ ~ ~ {I'] t¥J- lY 1PJ -¥ it ~ ff jg {Lfl: {fJ ff ~ & ;t1;Iff ]A !ff fiJ 3:)(
ffjJri1tl:ijf:, JX~~tru~

**JG ~

IK 5t I¥:J

*W, ~ Jtt, :i!**~tiif Yf F1:.Z !fiJJ

*;

~ - **iJt 1t:, 7& fw 17(?~rx~ m: ttl f1fiJI fj! A f~ R[l ffJ ~ :*1~~ ffJ J_9! ~D.tl~~H~~~~~m~~w~,~~~a*~~~~ •• n~,~~¥@*~~*.-~~~m~~w.~1:.m*~~~~ ~EfJ~, E~/FjjJtm m fP1 ~-t JI it:@~wr 1? XEft-J-fkf4* 110 fd,{)t#T E~ ~ ft~ 00 *P.L\ ~ ftv: 't: in fiJf1i& I¥J -:$ ~? ~ m m~ -IOJ IlL m tff *= 2,., 2~
0

A~~i¥Jo

(1987)0

CD

frj(~~

jj~ 111B9 N: tf

~ Wi
a

'J l!J ~ lfX #1lJ1! ~ -It ll!ffii #Ii ill tfJ g7J

Giddens

CD

It $X Archer

(1982)

401

~ I¥-J Jrt __. 1M!it n:t& ttl T "RJ ~ " I¥J 1I~

*0 {g~, ;(£:iXiff:r1fl5lr,
~#~flffff~~jtfm~~~?

~*~ti~~*~~M~~OO*~ft~.mT¥~~~ •• ~"
1E~~ftz.fN~lR:1E-Tf~~I¥JJO~1iJilli
x>tfJ!Fo-1'Ii1JN1i,

.l..

1£ 11k :If

*, 1£ Jk 00 *JYf *=
T

~*~ffi%d~m~~~.~-~~*;~w~~~~~~~~*

A fnPJfm$mig~

.,~~*&~.~~~&~oo*~~m*m~~mlR:~~Mo& ~ PI J:J 1iiJf:& ff] 7g 1+ Z. ~ ~ ~ {# {!t flJ T *-i,l, f!! £{1 /F ~ • ~:i! - ~
fJt ~ ~~ riE ~ it z.

~k#~~~~WI¥J:~ffi~~I¥J~*~M~~A~~~~~*~
0

~ 1* I¥-J ItiJ I! ~ ~ {r1 f1k tE ~a fit] mlI .L E81AfU_1~!J€l~~ ~[{ ifJtJ T § B I¥J i)f ~ '/it ~ '1llilt: it f~ 00~ 1* ~J5f~ 7G it: it 00 Jf£;!it1' 11"~ - ~, ~J!iffJ -tQ ~ ~ ~ ¥t fr 7'J 1* xE t¥J ~ f5t*~11£ ~a 3G 7t:~ f-J JJJ 5t: iJii ~, ~ ~ r~

~¥~.~~,~~~.~m~~W&.~ ••~MI¥-J~~fi

~M~~~li~~@~"m~~M~o

w i~;fg~

~&~Wmn~~~ffi~~~o.~~~~@x£~mm~~~~
ffif 1!l¥IJ I¥J , JE

* ~1' ~

**

**tff ~ ~ :£to fOJ ~

ii lj !)J-F ~ til ~J!if~ L;{ & E if]

_if:: illlUltlP.llI1I

-Wi: -'A "lIE. -hrt -I=; -Ir: 1L -.t~ # ll± l~ :IFX ~H +r 1:1: -)K" T X ~ Y l!~ ~

.WttM~,#m@m~*.~~@.~~~~~o~~~~~W
f)1Z, .~Jr~9_J

* tl~*~**m*~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~0~0

_m, ffI 'E in ~ Jfft J::IE l1&~ ~ ~ {t-J a 1£ 1ft, ~ iq: ft ff] 11J ~ J(l - frP lj ~ ft l¥J nA: i~~ w-s # /F IIlJ EFJ .W, ~l ~t~\ ~ CD ;J:± # f4 $ t¥J 1t~ § t,-~ f~ ~ if] x>t1it !# l¥J l-A1Jt tfE ft fll $:~ ft ~
0

~*~o*~~~#~~~~~~~~~fr~~~~~~~I~

*l¥J Jj -~1'--iSi.Jm, ep tit w- ~

:(£ g~i{?;W

*~,it ~ ff] i!Y :&-

T.M. ~ in fix i-.J i£ 113.t~![ 1J f $ ill ift (fJ f4~ 7t lJT 1J~ ~ JJi j: ?tfJf 11n: Z 18]

.~J:iMn I

a 8)11 -z;;

~~

_h...

ftt: T,
CD

"'j{ ~ a

ttJ l!\1 tfl PI~ '11: 7g

80 % "0

fF 7g J! # m J_! :et ~ I¥J ~J!f

L1-l

P~ ,!!~~:r,

rti1"

.-~~ ~

+..... ~ ET 1L I J:tJ ~

*,

1t_

lt~

Bruner (1986b: 11-43) 0

402

~o~~~~~m~.~~~.~~~tt£ ~~~T~~*W
~~~~~~A~Et:J~&~~~~~m~~~~~o
mJ JA~~1fOOiJt,
A..l¥Jic~o
(1) JJj

f4~J_li~ ~ ?~~14Jf T ~f*f;f~atr8J ffl rt19J:; m¥t~i5i, 7Gii:l£* #~ rPJ f¥J JJj!i: W)( {t3JtmlllJ! ~Jj! itm~mJij EfJ, "aEfiJL f¥J ~ au &)t tm ~ ff ~ fIJ Et:J ~~ tm, ttL 1m ~ ~ 11 ~ fO¥ f¥ J1 EX:1r ¥.f §f 'it ~ Et:J ~
J

A*

~$~*m~~~I¥J~Ji,~m~*¥#~.~tt,~~~¥R~~ tl~Et:J fQ ttl A 1£ *4 Er-J 1f 11 :t 1m IjI fU~ t# PJfik I¥-J rt ~ 11 0Jk t¥-J ~ ¥ ~m ~ A~~ ~ I¥J ~~ t~fiE ; t A:ff ~ A JlX *"~m! ,,~x,tR ij! A ~ ~
0 ~

~~*ffJ ~ tffi:£ Jt;~~~n ffij ~Wi:i£J9T :It 1:8':1·if'~, NP ~ ~ ~ l' mH1ff " PIf~ fJ1 A ~ l¥J t!l.$ JW 1f fJ9 ;lit tIS flli ~ 'tW It, JIi j: $% JlJT mtg (fJ 'If It~ Milt ~ -~3=: A 0 J9f *= 1lR Et:J 11"~ ffij Ji1f ~1f{ _W. lit ±~/Jfj J9f iJt t¥J jJ~ f$, "1W -=P R: fr I¥J Wl ~" @ ffJ 7g ret ~ JE~ ~?t fJT 1T 7g Et:J, 'E l~~±t!! ill ~ fJT A I¥J ~ iJt ~ ~ B: iljft¥ ff 't1:1T79 " f~~" § Et:J Eifffmo JJJ ~ I¥J *J9t~ ~~iJi[~ffij ~~ ~JE : fJj j: *~Ijt~~
0

JJj ~tFJ*JJft~mt~~'t~1f~~'I1,

HP E ~1f

¥U 1ft fi EfJ~~ ~

~ ~ ~ ~, 1:fn ~ ~~ § ]x!!*: T j».j :f+ ft ~ /F IP1 B"J ~ Ir3t :ff tit !f :ro iRttr1fit , J!m#1Jr!*: )j:iixm~*t1t~~iRfQiiJ:t~J1ff*a1tJf~~Q
l,R{Arendt 1977: 110-125)0

~~~m~m~~~~~*m~kK~ffi3,~~~~Ml¥Jfi

_t*

~1Joo, f4~¥.fJi~~~I1f*tttW.1¥J

11: fYj ffif £l ~ "73Jc{E~~ 1!"1~A xw. ~ I¥J, ffif ~ !tr 9ttl A :ff ~ ~ 'Ii ~P1tfR 11 1i'di:i:i 'PJ -T ~ ~ M 3f I¥J ffij !lJ'r_t l¥J ga fiij ~ 1i ¥!J Ji E :t" Jg A ~Q BiE I¥J llID~ Jg ~ fn ~ ~ T ",1f!fm I¥J ~ ~, ffij ~ !jl: !i[lltJ~ fn Wi~ Hi 'J!fm iJi[ 3£ 8"J tl~o ~ M iit, l~.'%~ t1L ~ A}j! Ef.J iJ\ :i:1i "H~!N.Jg ~! " , rm 7t f:t!IJJ PJf~JJ!U1±1t~~~fn tJtt$~ ~if mm1lJ 00 ~ji!t 1~I¥J -w 1E M ~ tB 1! *w. 73~ T ffi .~ I¥J ffjj ~~f4 ~ 8"J 7fi
~Q
0

fox ~

~~,~~~oom~~~~mM.*~~~~~~~~~1m~~A
i@ ~ ~ ~

**

CD ®

tttx

Danto ( 1985)
l

J!1'xl g:(f

Ricoeur (1988b: 31~37)_'~.m

~fJf?tfJTUo

:i!~~ f-41¥J ~ ~ in iJt:~ ff:i1 ~ l¥J~ ift in ffJ lr jg lit ,c$, ffif ~ 41¥Ji&#1~ ifJ9lUi5tJ+$l!Tffl:l!@$$o ]A:!! ~~Jl..J:iJt, ~f&~,-F~
0

tt~~~~,~mW~-~~~&~~_~tl~~ff,~~~~~~
{yt fa fIJ ft I¥J % Jft:i:1~

~~miliT~~mWo~mW~~tt~~~Tm~~~~£S!...~~
ili~ ~

't J9f tl ~ ttl I¥J ~ xi 4m I¥J ~Jf'tfr fl11~~ tt Wi :i£, ~~ IIi'r: fU '"' ~ ; E ffif J9T L~ Jf: A ~ 8"J ;jjt t5l ffiJ ~~ fi~ __r I¥J i;I_i'I1:, ~ iP~ -!x 11ft l¥J ~ I¥J ~ fJf ~ ffif 7G ~ -vr~ 1:I¥J PI ~ flli'~ ~2 ~ i€l IJ{! ~ 3:: S!...1tJf § :tit ff? 1ft t~~ ~ ~f'P~*f~1¥J -,#, ffij~~~~fO¥~1¥J 1fo 13 ll-t%$:x;f p.~, ~fJJI~ £)( ~ i5i IJlU~;ff 1m~ 1m~ FA f4 §fr.'~ f.f JC if)( Jff;fjt ~ I¥J :~ ~ # f'f ~ mffi ~ l¥J :ff 1¥ 4ill , f§ ~fIi!, ~ J9f *- ff l¥J 7J. ~ JGi& Wf ~ ~ J9f w t¥J IPJ f$ A NJt :ff Jm [Jj_at f~ fiE ff:J J§" IE ~~ 1*~ ~s ~~ ~i ~ ffif ~~ ttl ~: a ~ ilID IEtm~fn~¥U I¥JtJ~f$, iItffi rMtt~xt~~~ ~)(~iji8"J .~,1* tlrx-

~m*~A~~~~~A~~~~~Jl..~m_A~ffi~ttl¥J~Mo

W~M~PI~.m~*oo~i&~I¥J¥#~~,mE*~ft~OO~ift

*l±

rAft f~~ A f~ Hli iii! 1~ : y~ ~ ~ (fJ te

~~~~~T~~~l¥J~~**1:;~~m~~l¥Jm~~~~&~ 4m mt ~1t fO 7X 't!!tt I¥J g~X;J 1&\ ~, rm~ 7t9 lk ¥!J ~ :*J¥-J ?k R3t fJl :ii W ~ &. ~ -it !flo ~ S/._ l¥J *±~.~ f~~ J~' z ,1m ~ ~ i~ mm1 ~ ~ Sf.. ~ iJi I¥J ilID ~ JVG 7g ~ ~I~ Et-J t®·lf, ;f~~ R'it T:i!- iIID ~ JJj~ tE I¥J f~fn:, m~ i!1! jt 1!M: ili T A fn l¥J 7g fl1}tst ~, 1!~:ill T :]X if] FJT~ BJa I¥J A ~ ':E m iT
0

~* *

r{=tl]!itI¥Jjt$o

~ -=ExJJI! if;m~1¥J ~m, ma~ijl:itt-r jU HH i¥J :3t lJ : 1ff!~ ~ ¥.f 4t ff ,g:fill ft W JL. t¥J ~s fa iT 7g 1:, ffiJ fig 1*
7g T lJ~~JJn

AT~~~~x~mm~~l¥J~~m~mW~~§~o~~~WH
{fJ ifO ttL tE ~

~~~~~oo~m~~~~~~m~~,@~~~~~~~~~~ ~fU ~@~~ ifjIJ HPfj! fF 7gmJJe ~ _i: X ~ iJtl¥J m~V?f, mt~fIjJ ~ m~
0

rt- rm, fAir *f -*~ tf1~ ~ ~ *±~

f-4~

*ffif ~ ~

JJj _3E ~

*
0

l§ llt, ~

~ 1f mf £ H~ T rJ2 ~ ~ Ill! i~ 89 ~

m, ff!~ 11k3C1! Ji~ -

®~" A~'l1:f~liEn

R~*~~:i£~¥.~~~ofi7g~~~~I¥J~~~~~~~~~ .nffi~~~,~~~~~~mA~l¥Jfijg~&m~~l¥Jili~oM ~~~~~~~13~~.l¥J~~~~£.MTfi~~,~~~~~

a

*1

tf*f~~~i*5t{JtfQfJJ~B9}_mittm*1R 1;ZJ:A 1*

404

J}J, U3 f& ¥U

~~m~~tl~~~~,~mw*·~~~~*~*~N~~~~
I¥Jm~o

*I¥J fff 1l*~m~ I¥J m, 8t jft; ~~ ~ *mI¥J '*iJt

1t 7g ~.1'- ~t &tt JJj _~ '11:

m: 1ft tk: -T- mr~~ Ia rill£ ~ *fiJjt .l;1!m: m~J.A rf4~ J9f Jt f~

Works by Alexander Wendt ~~(

ry",

1987)

The Agent-Structure

Problem in International

Relations TheoRela-

International Orgal1ization 41(3): 335-370.

-tions",

(1991)

"Bridging the Theory/Meta-Theory

Gap in International

review essay in Reoieu: of International Studies 17( 4 ): 383- 392; reply

from Martin Hollis and Steve Smith followed by Wendt' s "Level of Analysis v. Agents and Structures: and another reply.

Part III",

Revie7.lJ o] International

Studies

18: 181-185,
of

~-(
--(

1992) "Anarchy Is What States Make of It: The Social Construction

391-425. and the International State", 1994) "Collective Identity Formation

Power Politics'; , I nternational Organieation 46 (2):

Arnerican Political Science Reuieiu 88(2):

tity and Structural

84-96,
Politics",

revised and published as "Idenin Yosef Lapid and Friedrich

Change in International

Kratochwii,

(eds)

The Return of Culture and Identity to International

pp. 47-64.

Theory,

Boulder

Co: Lynne Rienner, ( 1995) "Constructing

International

Politics",

International Security 19:

71-81,
-( forthcoming) "Chapter 1 : Four Sociologies of International Politics", in

Social Theory of International Politics, Cambridge: ----and Militarization", Barnett,

Cambridge University Press. System and Dependent National Security

Michael (1992) "The International

in Michael Job (ed.)

The Insecurity Dilemma:

of Third World States, Boulder, Co: Lynne Rienner,

-.......-......__,,_._ ( 1993) "Dependent State Formation

pp. 97-119

and Third World Militarization",

Revieu., of lnternational Studies 19(3): 321-347.

---and Duvall, Raymond (1989) "Institutions and International Order"', in

Global Changes and Theoretical Challenges,

ed. James Rosenau and E. O. Czem-

... ---

----

405

piel, Lexington, ---and

MA: Lexington Books. Daniel (1995)

"Hierarchy

Friedheim,

under Anarchy: 49 (3):

Informal Em689---721:

pire and the East German State",

l nternational

OrganiZali{)11

earlier version published in Thomas Biersteker and Cynthia Weber (eds) (fort hcom-

ing) Press.

State

Sovereignty

as Sf)cial Construct , Cambridge:

Cambridge

University

--......-.,.) epperson,

Ronald and Katzenstein,

Peter (1996)

"Norms,

Identity and

Culture in National Security",

in Peter Katzenstein
Press.

(e(l ~) The Culture oj~National

Security , New York: Columbia University

--and

Shapiro, Ian (1992) "The Differences that Realism Makes: Social

Politics & Society 20(2):

Science and the Politics of Consent", Works by other authors

Archer, Margaret (1982)

197-223.

"Morphogenesis versus Structuration , On Combin-

ing Structure and Action", British [ournal of Soci()/()gy 33 (4): 455-483. Arendt, Hannah (1977)

Life of the Mind:

Thinking , San Diego, CA: HarStockholm:

court Brace Jovanovich ..

Bartelson,

Jens( 1993)

A Genealogy of Sovereignty,
Institutions

Stockholm
The CAse

U ni versi ty Press.

Behnke, Andreas (1993) Structuration,

o] CSBM, Stockholm:

and Regimes:

Stockholm International
Human Sciences,

Studies 93( 1) . A Philosophical

Cri-

Bhaskar.

Roy (1979)

The Possibility of Naturalism:

tique of the [()ntemporary

Brighton, Sx : Harvester. in his Models

Black, Max (1962)

and Metaphors,

"Models and Archetypes" and "Metaphor", NY: Cornell University Press. "Nelson Goodman's
Harvard University

Ithaca,

Bruner,

Jerome (1986a)

Worlds", in Actual Minds,

Press ~

Pos-

sible W()rlds, Cambridge;

MA:

--(1986b) "Two Modes of Thought",

Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press~

in Actual Minds,

Possible Worlds,

Buzan, Barry.

Little.

Richard and Jones, Charles (1993)

Realism,

The Logic of Anar-

chy: Neoreaiism to Structural

New York: Columbia University Press.

Problem in Foreign Policy

Carlsnaes, Walter (1992) Analysis", International

Connolly.

"The Agency-Structure

Studies Quarterly

36(3):

24.5-270

.. Press.

William E. (1974)

..The Import of Contests over' In terests ' ". in

Princeton, NJ: Princeton University

The Terms of Political Discourse.

~--~~----~-~_-_--_-

...

--._

406

Danto, Arthur (1985[1965J)

gral Text of Analytical Philosophy

Narration

and Knowledge: New York:

Including

the Inte-

of History,

Columbia University

Press ..

---(

1989) Connections to the World, "What's

New York: Harper & Row ~

Debate" , In-

Dessler, David (1989) ternational

Organization

at Stake in the Agent-Structure

43(3): 441-473~
(1984) The Constitution of Society, Cambridge:
Polity

Giddens,
Press.

Anthony

-~

(1987)

The Nation -State and Violence,

Vol ~ 2 of A Contemporary

Cri-

tique of Historical Materialism, Gilpin, Keohane

Press.

Berkeley,

CA: University of California Press.

in Robert
University

Robert (1986) Neo-realism

"The Richness of the Tradition of Realism", and Its Critics, New York: Columbia

(eda)

C:rOC>flman, Nelson (1978) Press ~ --(

sity Press.
ty Press.

Ways of Worldmaking,

Hassocks, Sx , Harvester
MA: Harvard UniverCambridge Universi-

1984) Of Mind and Other Matters, Hamlyn, D. W ~ (1984) Metaphysics,

Cambridge:

Cambridge:

Hesse, Mary ( 1966) Models and Analogies in Science, Notre, Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press ~ Hollis, Martin and Smith, Steve (1991) tion in International Relations", "Beware of Gurus: Structure and AcStudies

Review of International

17: 393-410 ~
Nature,

Hume, David (1969 [ 1739-1740

mondsworth, Mx . Penguin~

] ), A Treatise of Human

Har-

Keohane,

Robert

(ed ~) (1986)

Neo-realism

and Its Critics,

New York:

Columbia University

Press ..

Lukes, Steven (1982 [ 1974 ]) Power:

ingstoke, Hants . Macmillan ~

A Radical

Vieu) , London and Bas-

Lyotard, moderne?"

Jean-Francois (1988) "Reponse it

la question:

qu ' est-ce que le post1982-1985,

in Le Post.modern explique aua: en/ants:

correspondence

Paris: Galilee.
Masterman,

Margaret (1970)
ed.

"The Nature of a Paradigm",

in Criticism and
Cambridge:

th-e Growth. of Knowledge,

Imre I.... akatos and Alan Musgrave,

Cambridge University

Press.

_.-

....

__

__

._--

--

----

407

Mead, George Herbert (1964[1932]),

Standpoint of a Social Behaviorist,

Mind,

Self,

and Society:

From the
Princeton,

Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Oye, Kenneth

A.

(ed~)
Press.

(1986)

Co-operation under Anarchy,

NJ: Princeton University

Paz, Octavio (1974)

"A Tradition against Itself",

in The Children of Mire:

The Cnarles Eliot Norton Lectures,

1971-1972,

trans.

Rachel Phillips,

Cam-

bridge. MA: Harvard University Press.

Pizzorno, 'Rational ing: Alessandro (1986)
H

Some Other Kinds of Otherness:

a Critique of

Choice' Theories",

in Development,

Democracy and the Art of Trespassed ~ Alejandro Foxley,

Notre

Essays in Honor of Albert 0 ~ Hirschman,

Dame, IN: Notre Dame University Press Ricoeur, Paul (1988a) "What is a Text? Explanation and Understanding", in

Hermeneutics and the Human Sciences, Cambridge: --(1988b) David Pellauer, Ringmar, Time and Narrative,

Cambridge University Press. and

Vol. 1, trans Kathleen McLaughlin

Chicago: University of Chicago Press~ Erik (1996) Identity, Interest and Action: Years War, a Cultural ExplanaCambridge: Cambridge

tion of Sweden • s Intervention University Press,

in the Thirty

Rousseau, Jean-Jacques
Seuil. Ruggie, John G. (1986)
Toward
a Nee-realist

(1967 [1755])

"Discours

sur I' origine

et les fondeII, Paris:

ments del' inegalite parmi les hommes ", in Oeuvres completes,

Vol.

"Continuity

and Transformation

in the World Polity:

ed. Robert Keo-

Synthesis",

in Neo-realism and Its Critics,

hane, New York: Columbia University Press.

Taylor, Michael (1989) "Structure, Culture and Action in the Explanation of
Social Change"; Politics & Society 17(2): 115-162 ~

Wallerstein,

Immanuel (1984a [ 1974 ]) The Modern World- System,

Vol. 1,

New York: Academic Press ..

(1984b)
niversity Press.

The Politics of the World Economy, Essays by Immanuel

the States,

the Movements Cambridge

and the Civilizations:

Wallerstein, Cambridge:

u-

Walt, Stephen (1987)

sity Press.

The Origin of Alliances,

Ithaca,

NY: Cornell Univer-

Waltz,

Kenneth

N.

(1979)

Theory of International

Politics,

New York:

--~----------------------

--------_._-

408

Random House Addison- Wesley. Wittgenstein, .Ludwig (1988 [ 1958] ) Philasophical Blackwell ~
In oestigations
t

..

ed .

(J ~E ~

M ~ Anscombc. Oxford-