Fetal Growth Curves

Supplementary Fetal Growth Curves
John G. Archie, Julianne S. Collins, and Robert Roger Lebel

June 19, 2006
The following growth curves are described in the cumference, small intestine length, and
manuscript entitled Quantitative Standards for Fe- length.
tal and Neonatal Autopsy. While the tables in the
manuscript are better suited for displaying these numerical data, some may still prefer charts, hence the Contents
reason for this document.
Most of these curves are constructed from regres- Weight Measurements
Body Weight (1244 Weeks) . . . .
sions on data from multiple sources, and the remainBody Weight (1224 Weeks) . . . .
ing curves are derived from a single source. All
Brain Weight (1244 Weeks) . . .
sources studied non-macerated tissue examined at auBrain Weight (1224 Weeks) . . .
topsy and excluded fetuses with obvious malformaThymus Weight (1244 Weeks) . .
tions. (The one exception to this rule is hand length
Thymus Weight (1224 Weeks) . .
at later ages, which incorporates data from normal
Lung Weight (1244 Weeks) . . . .
live borns.) Thus, these standards are designed to
Lung Weight (1224 Weeks) . . . .
show whether various measurements obtained at auHeart Weight (1244 Weeks) . . .
topsy are normal when compared to other seemingly
Heart Weight (1224 Weeks) . . .
normal fetuses examined at autopsy.
Liver Weight (1244 Weeks) . . . .
The dotted, dash-dotted, and dashed lines correLiver Weight (1224 Weeks) . . . .
spond to plus or minus 1.00, 1.28, and 1.64 stanSpleen Weight (1244 Weeks) . . .
dard deviations, respectively. Assuming the data are
Spleen Weight (1224 Weeks) . . .
normally distributed, these lines also correspond with
Adrenal Weight (1244 Weeks) . .
1684th , 1090th , and 595th percentiles, respectively.
Adrenal Weight (1224 Weeks) . .
Note that standard deviation data is not available for
philtrum length, chest circumference, abdominal cirPancreas Weight (2042 Weeks) . .
large intestine
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Kidney Weight (1244 Weeks) . . . . . . . . . 20

Kidney Weight (1224 Weeks) . . . . . . . . . 21
Linear Measurements
Crown-Heel Length (1242 Weeks) . . . .
Crown-Heel Length (1224 Weeks) . . . .
Crown-Rump Length (1242 Weeks) . . .
Crown-Rump Length (1224 Weeks) . . .
Head Circumference (1242 Weeks) . . . .
Biparietal Diameter (1242 Weeks) . . . .
Outer Canthal Distance (1242 Weeks) .
Inner Canthal Distance (1242 Weeks) . .
Philtrum Length (1326 Weeks) . . . . .
Chest Circumference (1340 Weeks) . . .
Inter-Nipple Distance (1242 Weeks) . . .
Inter-Nipple Distance (1224 Weeks) . . .
Abdominal Circumference (1326 Weeks)
Hand Length (1342 Weeks) . . . . . . . .
Foot Length (1242 Weeks) . . . . . . . .
Foot Length (1224 Weeks) . . . . . . . .
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22
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
2
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
38
16 Internal Measurements
Small Intestine Length (1225 Weeks) . . . . 38
17
18
Large Intestine Length (1225 Weeks) . . . . 39
4800
Body Weight (1244 Weeks)
2400
1800
800 1200
400
0
Weight (g)
3000
3600
4200
1.00 SD; 1684th percentile

11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
33
35
Postmenstrual Gestational Age (Weeks)

Sources: Cussen et al. (1990), Gruenwald and Minh (1960), Hansen et al. (2003), and Wigglesworth and Singer (1991)
2
37
39
41
43
45
Body Weight (1224 Weeks)
400
300
200
50 100
0
Weight (g)
500
600
700

12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21

Sources: Cussen et al. (1990), Gruenwald and Minh (1960), Hansen et al. (2003), and Wigglesworth and Singer (1991)
3
22
23
24
120 160 200 240 280 320 360 400 440 480 520
40
80

Weight (g)
Brain Weight (1244 Weeks)
11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
33
35
37
39

Sources: Cussen et al. (1990), Gruenwald and Minh (1960), Hansen et al. (2003), Larroche (1977), and Wigglesworth and Singer (1991)
4
41
43
45
Brain Weight (1224 Weeks)
55
45
35
25
15
0 5
Weight (g)
65
75
85
95
105

12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22

5
23
24
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

Weight (g)
Thymus Weight (1244 Weeks)
11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
33
35
37
39

6
41
43
45
2.4
Thymus Weight (1224 Weeks)
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
Weight (g)
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
2.2

12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22

7
23
24
10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85

Weight (g)
Lung Weight (1244 Weeks)
11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
33
35
37
39

8
41
43
45
Lung Weight (1224 Weeks)
13
11
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Weight (g)
15
17
19
21
23

12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22

9
23
24
10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34
2

Weight (g)
Heart Weight (1244 Weeks)
11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
33
35
37
39

10
41
43
45
Heart Weight (1224 Weeks)
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
Weight (g)
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0

12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22

11
23
24
Liver Weight (1244 Weeks)
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
Weight (g)
140
160
180
200
220

11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
33
35
37
39

12
41
43
45
38
Liver Weight (1224 Weeks)
22
18
14
8 10
6
4
2
0
Weight (g)
26
30
34

12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22

13
23
24
18
Spleen Weight (1244 Weeks)
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Weight (g)
12
14
16

11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
33
35
37
39

14
41
43
45
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5
Weight (g)
Spleen Weight (1224 Weeks)

12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22

15
23
24
Adrenals Weight (1244 Weeks)
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Weight (g)
10
11
12
13
14
15

11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
33
35
37
39

16
41
43
45
3.2
Adrenals Weight (1224 Weeks)
1.6
1.2
0.8
0.4
0.0
Weight (g)
2.0
2.4
2.8

12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22

17
23
24
Pancreas Weight (2042 Weeks)
4.0
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
Weight (g)
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.5

20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34

Source: Wigglesworth and Singer (1991)
18
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
This page is intentionally left blank.
19
44
Kidney Weight (1244 Weeks)
24
20
16
12
0 2 4 6 8
Weight (g)
28
32
36
40

11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
33
35
37
39

20
41
43
45
Kidney Weight (1224 Weeks)
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
0.0
Weight (g)
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0

12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22

21
23
24
600
CrownHeel Length (1242 Weeks)
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
Length (mm)
400
450
500
550

11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31

Sources: Cussen et al. (1990), Hansen et al. (2003), and Wigglesworth and Singer (1991)
22
33
35
37
39
41
43
CrownHeel Length (1224 Weeks)
200
160
120
20 40 60 80
0
Length (mm)
240
280
320

12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19

23
20
21
22
23
24
CrownRump Length (1242 Weeks)
240
200
160
120
80
40
0
Length (mm)
280
320
360
400

11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31

24
33
35
37
39
41
43
240
CrownRump Length (1224 Weeks)
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
Length (mm)
160
180
200
220

12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19

25
20
21
22
23
24
380
Head Circumference (1242 Weeks)
220
180
140
100
60
0 20
Length (mm)
260
300
340

11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31

Source: Guihard-Costa et al. (2003)
26
33
35
37
39
41
43
Biparietal Diameter (1242 Weeks)
55
45
35
25
15
0 5
Length (mm)
65
75
85
95
105

11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31

27
33
35
37
39
41
43
75
Outer Canthal Distance (1242 Weeks)
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Length (mm)
45
50
55
60
65
70

11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31

28
33
35
37
39
41
43
25
Inner Canthal Distance (1242 Weeks)
15
13
11
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Length (mm)
17
19
21
23

11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31

29
33
35
37
39
41
43
0.8 1.2 1.6 2.0 2.4 2.8 3.2 3.6 4.0 4.4 4.8 5.2 5.6 6.0 6.4 6.8
Length (mm)
Philtrum Length (1326 Weeks)
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21

Source: Chambers et al. (1993)
30
22
23
24
25
26
200
160
120
20 40 60 80
0
Length (mm)
240
280
320
Chest Circumference (1340 Weeks)
12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41
Sources: Bhat et al. (1989) and Chambers et al. (1993)
31
InterNipple Distance (1242 Weeks)
50
40
30
20
5 10
0
Length (mm)
60
70
80
90

11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31

32
33
35
37
39
41
43
InterNipple Distance (1224 Weeks)
28
24
20
16
12
0 2 4 6 8
Length (mm)
32
36
40
44
48

12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19

33
20
21
22
23
24
90
70
50
30
10
0
Length (mm)
110
130
150
170
Abdominal Circumference (1326 Weeks)
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21

Source: Chambers et al. (1993)
34
22
23
24
25
26

45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Length (mm)
50
55
60
65
70
75
Hand Length (1342 Weeks)
12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43
Sources: Chambers et al. (1993) and Madhulika et al. (1989)
35
Foot Length (1242 Weeks)
50
40
30
20
5 10
0
Length (mm)
60
70
80
90

11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31

Sources: Hansen et al. (2003) and Wigglesworth and Singer (1991)
36
33
35
37
39
41
43
48
Foot Length (1224 Weeks)
28
24
20
16
12
0 2 4 6 8
Length (mm)
32
36
40
44

12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19

Sources: Hansen et al. (2003) and Wigglesworth and Singer (1991)
37
20
21
22
23
24
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Length (cm)
90
100 110 120 130
Small Intestine Length (1225 Weeks)
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

Source: FitzSimmons et al. (1988)
38
21
22
23
24
25
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
Length (cm)
18
20
22
24
26
Large Intestine Length (1225 Weeks)
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

Source: FitzSimmons et al. (1988)
39
21
22
23
24
25
References
Bhat, G. J., K. Mukelabai, G. N. Shastri, and C. Tamina (1989,
Jun). Anthropometric parameters of Zambian infants at birth.
J Trop Pediatr 35 (3), 100104.
Chambers, H. M., S. Knowles, A. Staples, M. Tamblyn, and E. A.
Haan (1993, Apr). Anthropometric measurements in the second
trimester fetus. Early Hum Dev 33 (1), 4559.
Cussen, L., J. Scurry, G. Mitropoulos, C. McTigue, and J. Gross
(1990, Apr). Mean organ weights of an Australian population of
fetuses and infants. J Paediatr Child Health 26 (2), 101103.
FitzSimmons, J., A. Chinn, and T. H. Shepard (1988, NovDec).
Normal length of the human fetal gastrointestinal tract. Pediatr
Pathol 8 (6), 633641.
Gruenwald, P. and H. N. Minh (1960, Sep). Evaluation of body
and organ weights in perinatal pathology. I. Normal standards
derived from autopsies. Am J Clin Pathol 34 (3), 247253.
Guihard-Costa, A.-M., F. Menez, and A. L. Delezoide (2003, Sep
Oct). Standards for dysmorphological diagnosis in human fetuses. Pediatr Dev Pathol 6 (5), 427434.
Hansen, K., C. J. Sung, C. Huang, H. Pinar, D. B. Singer, and C. E.
Oyer (2003, MarApr). Reference values for second trimester
fetal and neonatal organ weights and measurements. Pediatr
Dev Pathol 6 (2), 160167.
Larroche, J.-C. (1977). Developmental Pathology of the Neonate.
London: Excerpta Medica.
Madhulika, S. K. Kabra, V. Barar, A. Purohit, S. Saxena,
U. Sharma, and R. K. Bansal (1989, Jul). Upper and lower
limb standards in newborn. Indian Pediatr 26 (7), 667670.
Wigglesworth, J. S. and D. B. Singer (1991). Textbook of Fetal and
Perinatal Pathology. Amsterdam: Blackwell Publishers.
40

Fetal Growth Curves

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Supplementary Fetal Growth Curves

John G. Archie, Julianne S. Collins, and Robert Roger Lebel

Kidney Weight (1244 Weeks) . . . . . . . . . 20

Body Weight (1244 Weeks)

1.00 SD; 1684th percentile

Postmenstrual Gestational Age (Weeks)

Body Weight (1224 Weeks)

1.00 SD; 1684th percentile

Postmenstrual Gestational Age (Weeks)

1.00 SD; 1684th percentile

Brain Weight (1244 Weeks)

Postmenstrual Gestational Age (Weeks)

Brain Weight (1224 Weeks)

1.00 SD; 1684th percentile

Postmenstrual Gestational Age (Weeks)

1.00 SD; 1684th percentile

Thymus Weight (1244 Weeks)

Postmenstrual Gestational Age (Weeks)

Thymus Weight (1224 Weeks)

1.00 SD; 1684th percentile

Postmenstrual Gestational Age (Weeks)

1.00 SD; 1684th percentile

Lung Weight (1244 Weeks)

Postmenstrual Gestational Age (Weeks)

Lung Weight (1224 Weeks)

1.00 SD; 1684th percentile

Postmenstrual Gestational Age (Weeks)

1.00 SD; 1684th percentile

Heart Weight (1244 Weeks)

Postmenstrual Gestational Age (Weeks)

Heart Weight (1224 Weeks)

1.00 SD; 1684th percentile

Postmenstrual Gestational Age (Weeks)

Liver Weight (1244 Weeks)

1.00 SD; 1684th percentile

Postmenstrual Gestational Age (Weeks)

Liver Weight (1224 Weeks)

1.00 SD; 1684th percentile

Postmenstrual Gestational Age (Weeks)

Spleen Weight (1244 Weeks)

1.00 SD; 1684th percentile

Postmenstrual Gestational Age (Weeks)

Spleen Weight (1224 Weeks)

Postmenstrual Gestational Age (Weeks)

Adrenals Weight (1244 Weeks)

1.00 SD; 1684th percentile

Postmenstrual Gestational Age (Weeks)

Adrenals Weight (1224 Weeks)

1.00 SD; 1684th percentile

Postmenstrual Gestational Age (Weeks)

Pancreas Weight (2042 Weeks)

1.00 SD; 1684th percentile

Postmenstrual Gestational Age (Weeks)

This page is intentionally left blank.

Kidney Weight (1244 Weeks)

1.00 SD; 1684th percentile

Postmenstrual Gestational Age (Weeks)

Kidney Weight (1224 Weeks)

1.00 SD; 1684th percentile

Postmenstrual Gestational Age (Weeks)

CrownHeel Length (1242 Weeks)

1.00 SD; 1684th percentile

Postmenstrual Gestational Age (Weeks)