Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
2011 / 2010
2011/2010fG+|G*jD|*|M|-
jD|*kqjc7fG*f/&*2*z<(*
dG G EG
IG HdG GQeEG
dG
GdG dG
,4*2(* )4
kH %* z7*4 + z j6'H
2009
E(* |Mz*
j+|G* KzG E(* hk*
)f(* ,ztk* &* rHfI|+
2011/2010
2011/2010
:2011/2010
2009
:2011/2010
e G GQ H
G dG
EG IG
G e H
G dG
*
dG
e e
dG
G GQ G e
G EG
dG
dG
G dG H e
EG dG G G G
GG
2011/2/9
e
t
t
t
t
*
2011/2010
G
dG
dG H G
dG
G
dG dG
1
2
3
5
5
6
6
7
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
11
d EG
G dG
G G
11
13
15
16
17
19
20
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
23
24
24
24
26
27
28
29
29
dG dG
dG G EG dG
32
33
34
34
35
35
36
36
37
37
37
39
39
40
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
41
d dG dG
G G E G G dG
43
43
44
44
45
45
45
47
47
49
50
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
53
54
55
HGdG dG
dG G EG dG dG
56
2011 2010
57
58
59
59
dG dG
60
61
62
63
63
64
66
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
71
dG G G EG G
d d dG
71
72
72
72
72
72
75
76
77
77
78
78
78
78
79
80
80
80
80
81
e G dG
GG dG
84
85
87
87
88
90
90
92
92
92
94
95
97
97
97
100
100
102
104
104
106
114
114
116
117
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
121
EG d d
dG
dG G E dG e
dG
e
121
121
123
123
124
124
125
2011 2010
126
128
130
134
dG dG
136
137
141
G GQ G
GG
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
155
157
HQG G d G
:1
157
158
163
163
163
EG G :2 G
e G e
164
2000
165
166
167
2000
5
2010
168
169
dG
2008
169
2009
170
8
9
171
2000
10
172
173
2009-2005
2000
174
12
175
175
G e G
2000
13
176
14
177
15
(2011/2010)
178
178
11
(2011/2010)
16
17
G
:1-1
16
17
:2-1
18
:3-1
19
:4-1
25
:1-2
33
:2-2
35
:3-2
37
:4-2
40
:5-2
47
:1-3
48
:2-3
:3-3
49
51
:4-3
58
:1-4
59
:2-4
62
:3-4
63
:4-4
67
:5-4
69
:6-4
126
:1-6
129
:2-6
133
:3-6
135
:4-6
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
G
5
:1
23
2007 2000
:1-2
25
(%)
15
30
31
:2-2
15
:4-2
:5-2
38
54
:3-2
:1-4
55
:2-4
62
:3-4
2011 2010
67
2000
:4-4
dG dG
71
:1-5
81
:2-5
83
:3-5
84
:4-5
85
(%)
:5-5
88
:6-5
90
:7-5
91
(%)
:8-5
93
:9-5
94
:10-5
95
(%)
:11-5
97
:12-5
99
:13-5
100
:14-5
101
(%)
:15-5
109
:16-5
122
:1-6
127
:2-6
135
:3-6
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
G G
24
:1-2
:2-2
26
32
2009
:3-2
60
:1-4
61
:2-4
64
:3-4
68
:4-4
73
:1-5
73
:2-5
74
:3-5
75
:4-5
76
2007-1999
:5-5
77
77
:6-5
:7-5
79
:8-5
80
:9-5
81
:10-5
82
:11-5
83
:12-5
:13-5
84
86
(%)
:14-5
86
(%)
:15-5
86
(%)
(%)
87
:16-5
:17-5
87
:18-5
88
:19-5
89
:20-5
89
:21-5
(%)
91
:22-5
(%)
91
:23-5
(%)
92
:24-5
92
:25-5
93
:26-5
93
: 27-5
94
:28-5
95
(%)
(%)
96
96
:29-5
:30-5
(%)
:31-5
97
:32-5
97
:33-5
98
:34-5
98
:35-5
98
101
101
102
2011 2010
(%)
(%)
(%)
:36-5
:37-5
:38-5
:39-5
(%)
102
103
:41-5
103
:42-5
104
:43-5
105
dG dG
:40-5
:44-5
107
:45-5
108
:46-5
108
:47-5
110
:48-5
111
:49-5
112
:50-5
113
113
114
(%)
:51-5
(%)
:52-5
(%)
: 53-5
114
:54-5
115
:55-5
115
:56-5
116
:57-5
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
2011 2010
dG dG
2011/2010
HdG EG
H
d
G
. eG
G
d HdG
EG 2011/2010
dG e
G QEG
H G
G
e
e edG G
dG e
G G EG
d e dG
dG Q d
G H
EG d dG G
dG
2011/2010
2011 2010
2009
2009
2011 2010
dG
G e
G I
dG
H H
dG dH
Q H G
H dG e
dG dG
dG
2011
2010
G G EG
dG G
2011 2010
dG dG
G H EG
I G HdG
G
e
G
H G
e dG dG
18
18
(14-9
(8-0)
.(18-15
24-15
15
14-5
15
18-15
14-5
G H dG
dG dG GQ G
2011/2010
dG
UG e AH
dG G
d G
G e
G
e dG dG
QG G
eRdG
dG dG GQ G
20-5
dG GQ G
dG Q EG
G EG
G
UN GQe AH
dG e H
H
e e
I G G dG
2011 2010
dG dG
dG e G
H GQG EG
G
Q
G
G EG EG I G
e
G
e
. dG
dG e
e e eG
G e
H G G
HdG
d
dG
d G
dG Q
eG G
dG dG
GQe
dG G HG
G
d edG G
2011/2010
G dG
G NG G
G EG
G
G d G
dG Q EG
d
e dG HdG
GQG eG
IQ dG
dG
I G
2011 2010
dG H
dG dG
2011/2010
GQdG
G
HdG G
G G EG dG
e
e
dG G
Q
H
e
2010
G G
d EG
2011/2010
G EG
dG
A dG
dG dG
G A dG G EG
G
dG GHEG
H G NG
G G
I G HdG
U
e G
H G N
I
dG
EG d d A dG
dG
G G EG G
G G
2011 2010
e
e AH
dG G EG
H eG
H EG
dG I e
A dG G EG
e
G G
G
8
dG dG
e e e Q
G e dG G G E
dG G
dG
dG
IQ G
dG e
2011/2010
2011 2010
10
dG dG
2011/2010
.(2008
e H
UG dG I
e G e
Gd dG
G I dG
EG dG
H e G
e
QG dG
)
2003
.(2003
2005
2009
2009
IG G G EG
GQN d
GQ dG
NG
d dG
e dG dG
G G
A dG G E H
11
1973
HdG dG EG
G
G
e e
AH d
G
H
d
I G e G
G IQ dG
.(2009
.(1994
)
(2001
)
(2000
(Paradigm)
H dG EG
dG H dG
dG
GQG G
Q G EG
e dG
I dG
G
dG H d
dG H H
G
H G
.
.
.
.
2011 2010
12
.
.
dG dG
dG EG
d dG
dG
G
e G
G ee H
ee G G
.(1998
.(2000
G dG GQ
G EG
G e G
d d d
U e G
e d e G
G
AH G EG
G G
13
.(2005
.
.
.(2004
.3
.
.
.(2001
)
(Netizen)
G e e
G G
EG
UG e
dG H
h
d UG d IG G
Gh e
H
EG
e G
Nh .
EG
G G
G
G G
2011 2010
.(2011
14
.
.(1993
dG dG
U
G
eEGh
Rh e
Q e dG
e U EG
QG
dGh dG
G Nd
HdG
G
dG e G
G dG
. G dGh
.(2011
.
)
.(1993
20-15
.
2009
H G G EG
h h
IG G GHEGh EGh
d h
G h
G dG
EG
IGh G Q
h
G
G
.
.
.
2011
EG
d dG d EG
G
4
1996
15
G G dG EG
EG G
eh . dh
d
H EG
h
G
dG
G
G dG
Gh
.
.
dG
dG dG d EG
HdG
.(1989
.(2009
11
j+4K&* j.*z* 4-
.
.
.(2000
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
2011
2011 2010
1995
1988
16
21
2004
14-12
dG dG
2009
.
.
2004
.(2010
h G
HdG G
dG
d
G G
h G dG
dG G G G
EG h dG
dG
edG dG d EG
G Gh G
2011
.
17
2003
31
.
2011
23
Carnegieendowment.org
.
.
)
(%80
(%20
.
.
h dG hG EG
G
Gh
EG
G G
dG QG Gh
Q H
hdG e G
G dG
G
dG G
h IHGh
e G
HdG eG dG
d
2011 2010
18
dG dG
dG
Q eG G
H dG
G G
. G h
G
GQ G
G
eG U G
E G
e G
G
edG
.(2002
41
GG d EG
.
.
.
19
dG
dG d EG
.
.
dG EG
N d
dG h h
Gh
h . dGh
G dG
dG H h
e
H dG
QG G G
dHh ,GQGh
G G A
H e GQ
(1966
.(1986
.( 1972
G QG
dG
dG G GQ
.dG h IA H
h dGd
QG
.
2011 2010
.
20
dG dG
G H
UEG N
GA
H dG
N eG
e dG dG
G
G dGh
, G
, I GQEG
I GQEG h
%52
%23.1
(1976
)
(1970
1982
1981
.
.(1986
21
2011 2010
22
dG
dG G G
dG
dG A dGh
15 e G dG
%45 e
G e
dG
e
dGh dG
24-15 H
%21 e
.
.
.
15
%45
%21
24-15
2007
.
1 2 dG
2007-2000 dG H eCG e
24 15 dG dG
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
G
dG
HdG G
dG dG
G dG
dG G
dG
G G
G dG
G
dG
G G
dG
G dG
hdG G
Ge EG HdG
dG
dH d
h
HdG A d
H I G
A dG IQ
Q Gh dGh
Q EG dG
I e
e
GdG
G
dG
d
d
dG dG
dG
2010
23
dG
(%90
d
d
dG
G G
. G
dG G G
d
G
dG
G
G
G G
G
G
dG
G
d G
dG
G dG
dG
G 2015
G
G
.
55.78
G
dG
dG G
G
dG
dG
dG
G G
%13
G
G
. dG
dG
dG
G
dG
dG
dG
dG G
G
G
%18
%9
dG
G
.( 2010
dG
G
G
G G GG G
dG G
dG dG
G
dG G
dG
G
G
dG
G G
dG G
dG
dG dG
G
dG
G
G G
G dG G dG
. d
dG e
H dGh dG
I G
dG G G d dG
.
G
G G dG
G dG G
G
dG d dG dG
HdG
dGh A dG
dG
G
eG
dG G
G G
G
dG G
G
dG G
G
dG
dG d
dG
G
dG
G
G d d
G G
dG
. G
G
dG
dG
G d
G
G
dG
dG
dG
G G dG
dG
. G
dG
dG
G
G
15
dG
G
( 2010
2007
dG
G
G
58.36 G %29
dG dG G dG G
d dG
dG
dG
d
G G %20
dG d %16
.%7
G
%9
dG
G dG G dG
d dG
dG
G
dG
G .
GdG dG
G
17
G G G
dG
G
.
10 5
dG G dG
%60
dG
G dG
d
dG G dG G
12
dG
e
HdG G
e
e
,eG
EG e
HdGh IAG dH
e
hdG e
AG dG H HdG
e ehGh
, dGh A dG
EG U Hh
dG dG
h G
1.48
1.59
dG
G
2.27
7.16
G d
dG
2011 2010 d dG G
dG
dG
24
. d
dG
G
G G
2010
6-0
G
dG
G
dG dG
dG d dG
G
G
G
G G
G
G
G
%19
dG
G dG G
.%41 d dG
G G
d
dG G G G
dG dG
dG d dG
G
G
G d
dG G
dG
G dG
G
.( 2010 dG) dG
G G
G
G dG
G G
dG
G
G
dG
dG
G
d
G d
dG
d
d
dG dG G
dG . dG
G d dG
G
G dG
G
d G dG .
G dG
G
dG dG
G
d
G d
dG
G
d
22
dG
dG
dG
1-2
dG
dG
dG
dG
1999
dG
dG
G
G
GdG
dG
dG
dG
G G
2007
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
dG G
G G
d
G
hdG e eeG
G HdG
dG G G
G e
Q eGH
dGh d dG
dG G
dG
G dG
d dG e
I G
, ee
H h ,GQ dG
,GQGh QG
Q h
Gh ,G h
h
dG G
100 d
dG
dG d
G
G . dG
G G
dG
G G
dG
d
d G G
dG
G
dG
dG
d dG
8-6
G
G
d
G
G
d
(
1000) G
G G G
dG
.
G
G dG
d dG
dG
. dG
G
dG
dG
G
dG
G
dG
dG
dG
G
G
d
G
dG
d
dG
d pruning
dG
dG G
d
G
G
dG
G
G
G
dG
G
dG
dG Olfactory bulb dG
dG
G
dG
dG G 6 dG G G
Hippocampus
G
. d
G G G
dG
dG
G
dG
dG dG
12
2010
25
dG G G
dG
dG dG dG
d G
G
dG G dG
G
dG
G . G
G G d
G
G
G
dG
dG
G dG
G dG
dG G G
G
G
dG
d d
dG
G
dG
G
G G
. d
dG dG G
G G G
1999
%28
G
G
2.2 G
G 1999
d dG
G
G G
5.8
2007
G G
G d
126)
G G
G
G
G %8 dG G
.(
d G
G
dG
.( 2010 dG) G G d
d d dG dG
dG G G (G2010 dG)
dG
G
dG
G
dG G G dG
G dG G G G
G
d
dG d G
G G
G GG d
G G
dG
G G
dG dG
G G
dG
G dG G
. G
G 1999 %78
G
dG
dG dG G .2007 %84
G
dG G
dG
G
G
GdG
. dG
dG d
G
G
. G
dG
G d
G
dG
G4
dG
G
G
G
dG .
G dG dG
dG
G
dG
d
G
G
G
G
dG
dG
G
G dG
dG
G dG
G
dG
54
G
G
dG
dG
G
d dG
G
G
d dG G
. G
dG G dG
GdG
dG
d G
G G
22 G
G
G
dG
G
d G
21
dG
dG G
dG
7
dG
.( d G
dG G d dG
G
d G
dG
d G 9 G G G
.( 2010 dG) d G 10 G
GHG G
dG
d
dG Gh
dG
G d G
G
G
22
G
G
QGH G
e %28 QG
,2007h 1999 H
2.2 QG
G
e
dG dG e
NER%
dh`dG
2007
1999
5.752
84
78
dG
dG
68.638
86
80
dG
dG
71.791
87
82
dG
2010
2011 2010 d dG G
Q G e EG
d Gh G
dG dG
eh
G h
HdG
e IH e
dG G
hdG
G e G
G
dG
26
e H
AGREG G G
h dG
hQ G IQ dG
I dG e
d G H
EG
dGh
dG e e
H QH
dG
dG
G
dG dG
dG EG
dG
Gh
h
. dG
dG G hG
EG dGh
GQe
I e
e d dG dG
I
dG e
GQG
27
dG
G
G
G
d
dG
dG
G G
dG
G
d
G G
.
d
%98
dG
HdG d
dG
dG dG
G
G
dG dG
G
dG
G
dG
dG
G G G
G G
. dG d dG
. G
dG G
G
dG G G dG G dG
G
(2005)
dG dG
dG
G
dG
dG
G G
d
dG
G d
dG
G
dG d
G
G
G dG G
G
dG dG G
G
G
dG
dG
G
d
dG
dG
. d
d dG dG
G
dG
d dG dG
dG
G
dG dG
G G dG
G dG G
G G G
dG
dG
G
dG
G d G
. G
G
dG
7
%45
G
G
. dG
G
G dG
G
dG dG
G
G
. dG
G
G
dG
dG G
d dG dG
. G G
dG
dG dG
G
G G G
G
d d
G
dG
d
G
G
d
G
.
G
d
G dG
G
G G
dG
G
G
dG
G
2007 1999
G dG G G
dG
d G
.
.%90 dG
dG
dG
dG
G
G d . dG
dG
G G
G
dG d G
G
dG .
d
dG
G
%97
dG
G G
dG
G 2007 1999
%73
G
.(G2010
dG)
dG
dG
G
%2.9
d %3.4) %3.2
dG
dG dG G G
.
d
dG
dG dG
G %1.1 G
G
. G (%11.9)
G
dG
G G
dG G
G
G
dG
G
G dG
. dG
G
G G
G
dG
G
dG dG d .%94
G G G G
d
dG
dG
dG
G
. G G G G
G
G G dG
G
.
G
dG
dG
G
dG
G 2007
% 90 d
G dG
G
1999
dG
dG
d G
d G
G G
G
%87
dG
dG G G G . G G
G
dG
dG G G G G
dG
G
G
dG
. dG
dG G G
dG dG dG
dG
%14
dG dG G G
dG
G
dG
dG
G G
dG dG
dG
dG G
dG
dG dG
dG dG
d
.
d
G
dG dG
.
G
G G
G dG
dG G G G d
dG G dG
d dG
dG
G
G
G
dG G G
G
d
d G
G dG
. dG d dG
d
G dG
dG
dG dG
dG dG G G G2010 dG
dG G G G
G
G
G G
dG G
G
G dG
G
G
G G
G
GdG
G
G
. dG G
G G
G
G dG
d
dG
dG
. G
G
dG
G
G
G
dG G
dG
G
G G G
G
dG dG
d G
dG
G
% 18
G
dG
G
. G G d dG dG
dG
dG dG
dG dG
dG
%17
G .%57 G 2007
. dG
%93 G
dG dG
dG
dG dG %7 G
GdG % 27 G
G %1
G
.( 2010
dG)
dG
dG
dG
dG dG
dG G
G dG
2011 2010 d dG G
dG G
dG
G G
dG
G
G
dG
dG
d
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG dG
dG
.(2005
dG dG) G
dG
G
dG
G
G
dG dG
G
dG G d
G
G
G
dG G
d
G
dG dG
G
.
d
dG dG G
d
%10
G
G dG
G
G G G
dG
. dG G
dG d 4.1 G
G
dG
%10
G
d 6.5
G
G
G
. dG G
dG
G
G
dG
G
G
dG
.
G
dG
.(2006
8
d dG
d
d d
27.5
dG
dG
dG
G
dG
%65
G 20072006 G dG
dG dG
dG
dG
G
d
G
. dG G
%47
dG
dG
d
G dG
.
5
d
dG
G G
G
G
dG dG G
G
G
dG G
dG
G
G %35 dG
G
d . G
dG G G
dG
dG
G
G
d
dG
G
G
d G
d
d
G G
G G G G G
G dG
. d
dG dG
G
dG
dG
dG
dG dG EG
e dG
I G
G d I G
G I dG
G
dHh
dG
G EG I G
dG e
U G dG
dG EG I dH
d dG
G G
G
dG U
eG G dG
EG , dG
G
%35 U dG
e G Q hG
edG
G
28
dG dG
EG dG dG
I
hQh
G
IQG d h
HdG h
e H
H G GQG
dG
e G h
dG eGH N
dGh
G
G
G
G
G dG
G
G d
dG
dG
dG
. G
G
dG dG
G G G G dG
. dG
G
dG
dG
dG G
d . dG
dG
G
dG G G
G
. dG
dG
G
G dG dG
G G
dG
dG
dG
G
G
dG
G
G G G
dG
d
dG dG G G
G
GG
. d
dG dG G G
G
dG
G
dG
G
dG
G
dG
G
dG
d
G
dG
G
G
G
.
dG dG dG
dG
Q dG
G GQdGh
dG dG
, HdG
e h
EG H
UEG IQh
dG
H
G EG IQ
I G G
29
10
(TIMSS)
dG G e
HdG
dG G G G
dG
d dG
G
11
dG
G dG G
G
. dG
dG
GdG
dG
G
G
2003
. dG
d 14 G dG G
2007
G G
G
12
. 2011
d 16
d 2003 G
G dG
dG
G
G dG
G dG
.
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG G
G
dG
475
46
G
26
dG
G
dG
% 67
G
.
dG
G
G G G G G
G G
G
G
G
G dG
G
G
d
G
G
dG dG
G
G
G
dG
d
GG
dG G
dG dG
GG
dG
dG
G
G
dG
G dG G
G
G dG dG
G
. G
dG
G dG
G
d dG
G G
G
G
dG
dG
dG
G
d
G G
dG
dG
dG d
G
G G G G.
G d dG
G
dG dG
G
d dG
G
. dG
dG G
dG
G
G
d dG G G . dG
G G
d d
dG d d
G
dG
G
.
G
dG
G
dG
dG dG
G
G dG
G
G
G
G G
G
G
.(2005
dG dG) dG G
dG
G G
dG G
9
G d
G
G
G
dG
G
G
G G G
dG
G G
G dG
dG dG G
G
dG
. dG G
G G
HdG dG
dG
dG
dG
dG G G
dG dG dG
dG G
.13
G
G G
G
dG
dG
dG G
G
75
dG
G dG
dG
G
dG
dG
42
dG
.
dG
dG
dG
44
. d dG G dG
G
.
d
d
dG
dG
G G G
G
G
d
G
G
G
dG G dG
dG
G
G
G
.
G d
dG G
dG
dG
. GG
dG
. d
G
dG
dG
G . G
dG G
G
14
G
d
G (PISA) G
G G d 15
dG
15
. G dG
dG
dG
G
G G
G
G
G
G
G
G
dG G G
G
dG
393
dG
dG
32
dG
.
G
433
dG
332
G .
G
G dG dG dG
G
dG
G
500
G dG d dG G
G
dG dG
319
dG
dG dG
307
dG
G
482
. d 449
G
G dG
dG
d
dG d G
G G dG
7
2003
dG
.2007
dG
d
G
dG
d dG G G
. dG G dG
dG
G
G G G G d G
dG
2007
32
dG
dG
600
500
400
GQG G EG
edG
d , dG
, G
G G h
H ,H Uh G
, G
dG G h
GQ dG
d dG
Gh
300
200
100
2011 2010 d dG G
dG
30
dG
dG dG
G
dG
G dG
G H
e
HdG d dG
G dG GQG
dG dGh
Q e dGh
e hH
hdGh dG
G
dG
dG
d
dG
dG
G
G
d
.
G
dG
G
G .2006
G 2009 G
G
G
G dG dG
dG
G
dG
dG
dG
dG
G
dG G dG
dG
G
G
G
d G
GG G .
G dG
G
G
dG
G
G
2009
G
dG
dG
G
G
dG d
dG G dG dG
G G G
. G
dG
dG G dG
d dG
dG
G G dG G
dG
G
d
G dG
G
G G
dG
G dG
.(2010
G) dG G
dG
G
dG G
G G
d
G d dG
G 850
G
d
G G
200
d G
1000
G
. G dG
dG
2006
dG d dG
G
G dG
3
d 56 dG
dG
.
G
G
G G
G
dG
dG G dG
dG
dG
dG
15
. G dG
G
G
G
G G
dG
G .
G
G
d
GG
G
G dG
G dG
.
G dG
dG
G
%23
G dG
% 32
%61
dG
.
G G
dG %49 %72 %37 dG
. G dG
G
28 %48 %16
dG
dG
. G dG
G
%
G
dG
dG
G
dG dG
G
G
d
G G
G G G . d
d dG
dG
dG
dG
d dG
G
42
dG
dG
600
500
400
300
200
100
31
dG
dG G G
dG dG dG
32
2009 G~H T H|dG F4G r)kI
dG
dG
dG
dG
U
e
U
e
eOEG
h
G G
501
496
493
494
494
493
495
493
466
453
460
461
466
457
458
459
415
387
387
417
407
410
393
405
401
371
393
408
427
393
393
404
379
368
361
375
376
379
354
372
hdG G
2010
d . G
dG
G dG G G
G dG
d
dG dG G d G G
dG
dG G G
G
d dG
d G
G G
G
dG
G
G
dG G
dG
dG
G G G
dG G
dG G G G dG
. dG G
G
QG
dG
dG
169000
1959000
G
1913000
dG
.(
dG
G
G
G
G
2010
dG G
dG
d
1.8
G
dG
dG
dG
dG
G dG
dG
dG
dG
2015
.(2008 dG) d
G
dG
G
G
dG G G
G G
dG
dG
G
G
(%100
)
dG G
%99 G G
G
dG
G dG (%69)
G
dG
d
G .(%59)
2011 2010 d dG G
G G G G
G
G
G G
G
G
dG dG
G
dG
G dG G dG
789
G
G dG
dG
G
dG G
.(2008 dG d dG
dG
G
dG dG G dG
G
dG
dG
d dG dG
dG
G dG
.
G
G
dG
dG
dG
%30
G
G G
G
G
G G G G
G G G
G
G G
G
. d
G dG dG
G dG G
G dG d dG
G
G
d
dG
. dG
G
G
G
dG dG
dG
dG
G
G
G dG
dG dG
dG dG
G
.
d
dG dG
. dG
G
G
dG
G
dG dG dG G
Q dG H Q
dG h G
I dG
H hO
H G
h %30
dG QdG
EG
dG
hdG eG G
dG ,HdG
dG EG
NOh
G
32
d Gh G dG
HdG O dG dG
%13
G
G
dG
dG dG
G d G
e d OGh
edG G G
EG ,AGOG IO
EG G
e H Q G
Gh dG
NG
e
G dG G dG
. G
dG
d
G
G G
dG
dG dG
dG
dG
dG G
G
G
G
G
G dG G . G dG
G dG
dG d
dG
dG
dG
G
dG
G
dG
G
dG
G
G
dG
G G G
G
dG G dG
G dG . G
G
G
d . G
d G dG
dG
G
dG G
G
G
G
d
dG
G
G
22
dG
dG G
dG
d
dG
. G
G
dG
.
dG
G
G
G
G G
G
G
dG
dG
G
dG G
.16
G
G
dG
G
G
G G G
.
G
G
dG
G
G t
dG dG
d dG
d
dG
dG
dd
dG
d Con.
G Multiple G dG structivism
CondG dG intelligence
t
dG dG textual learning
G
dG
.Mastery learning
dG
dG
G t
dG G
G
G dG G G
d G
dG
d G dG
G
d dG dG
2005
33
%100
dG
G
G
G
G
d
dG
G
dG
(%80)
dG
G G d
(%68)
G
G d
.( 2010
d
dG dG
.
G G
dG
G G
dG
G dG
G
G
G dG
G
G
G
dG G
G
. dG
dG G
G
G
. d
d
G
G d G G
.G G
dG G G
dG
G
dG
dG G dG
d G
G
G
G dG
dG
G
G G
G
G
G
d
dG
G G
G
G
dG G
dG
G
G G dG
G
G G
d G G
G
G
. dG
dG
G d G G
G G G dG dG
d
dG
. dG dG
G
20 G 2007
G
G G
dG
d
dG
d G
22
G
. G G
dG
d
d G
43
G GG
G
G dG
.( 2010 dG
G
G
G
dG G
G
G
dG
dG
dG
G
G
G
. d
dG
(%46)
dG G G
dG dG dG
d
dG
G
G
G
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
d
G
.
dG
G
G
G
G
d d dG
G G
dG
G
dG
G
dG
dG
G
dG
G
G
dG
G G
G G dG
.
dG G G
G
G
dG
G
G
d G
G
G G dG
G G
G
G
G
dG
dG
.(2008
)
G dG
dG dG
GQdG G
HdG d
G dG
G G G
G
G dG
dG dG
d dG
dG d
G
G
dG
G G dG
dG . G
d G
dG G G
.
G
dG dG G
G
dG
dG d
dG dG
G dG
G
dG
. dG
G G
dG
G
G
d
dG
G G
G
dG
G
G
G
G G
G d
G
G
.
dG d
G
d G
G
G G
.G
G G
G
G
d
G
dG
Gd
2011 2010 d dG G
G
d
G
G
dG
dG
. dG
dG
. d
d
G
dG
dG
dG
G
G
dG G G G dG
dG
G
dG
G
dG
dG
GG
G G G
dG
G
G dG
G
dG
dG .
G
G
G
dG
G G
dG
GG
G dG
G
G dG
G
d d . G dG
G G
G
G
G d dG
G.
G G
d d G
G dG
. dG
dG d G
G
. d
G dG
G
dG
G dG dG
GG G
G
G
dG
dG
G
G
dG
dG
G
G
G G d
dG
dG
G
G
dG
dG
G dG
G
G
G
. dG dG dG dG G
QG G dGh dG dG
G
dG
G G
dG
dG dG
d dG
dG
dG
G
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG G G
dG dG
G G
dG
. dG
G
G
G
dG
dG
G G
G
dG
e d
e Gh QG
dGh
e
,NG
dGh G dH
e
h
dG G
QG G
, dGh
HdG I
Q Gh dGh
G h
H dGh
dG
34
32
dG dG
I dG G EG
Gh dG
G dG G
HdG
G
A Qd OQG G e
h dH
d e
G G dG
dG
G G
dG G
dG
dG
G dG
dG
G
dG
dG
dG
dG
.
dG
dG
G
G G G G dG
G
G
dG G
G
G dG
dG
dG
G G
dG
dG G d
G G
dG
dG
G
.
G
G
d dG
G G
G
G
G
dG
d dG
dG
dG
G
d
dG
dG
dG
G
dG
G d .
d
dG dG G G dG . G
dG
dG dG
dG
G
dG
G dG G G
dG dG
dG
dG
G
dG
dG
G
G
G
. G G
dG G G
d
d dG dG
dG
dG
d
35
G d
dG
G G
dG
dG
G dG
e HdG
dG e
e dG
G dh
EG eO dG
G EGh G
E
O h
e EG
EG hG dG
G
.
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
G
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
G G
dG
G dG
dG
dG G G
G dG G
. dG
dG
dG
dG G dG
G G
G
dG
dG
.
dG
G
G
G
GG
dG G dG
G G
G dG
G
G
G G
dG
dG
G
G
dG dG
G
G
G
dG dG
G
G
G dG
G
G d
G
dG
dG
dG
dG
d d . dG
dG
dG dG
. G
G d d
dG
G
dG G
dG
dG
G
G
. d
dG
%5
G
dG
.
G
G
dG
EG
dG
%20
G
G
G
G
dG
G
dG
dG
G dG G G %1.6
d
.2007
%7.8
G dG 1999
G
G
d
G
dG dG
G G
d
G
G
G .%2.7 G %2.0
G d . dG
G dG G
G
dG
dG
G G
G
dG
d
d
d
. G G dG
G
dG G
G
dG
G
G
dG d
G dG G
G
d
dG dG G
G
dG
.(2008
G
dG G G
dG dG dG
dd
G
G G
G G
dG
G
dG
d
dG d
dG
G
dG
dG
dG
. dG
dG
dG
G
dG
G
.
dG
G G
G
dG
d
G G
dG
G
G
dG
G
dG
dG
dG
G
dG G G
. G dG
dG
d dG d G G
G d
dG
dG
G dG
dG
G G
G
G
G
G . d
dG
G d G
G
dG
G G
G
G
dG
G
dG
G
G
.(2007
dG
G
dG
dG
G
G
dG G
G
dG dG
dG dG
dG
G
dG
G
G d dG
dG
dG
dG dG
G d G
. G dG
d
dG G
G G dG
dG
dG
dd
dG G
G G G
G
dG
G
G G G
.
G
G
G
G
d
dG
G
dG
G G G dG
G
G
2011/2010 d dG G
G
d
G G
GGG
dG
G
G G dG
. G
dG dG
G d d
G d
G
G G
dG dG d G dG
G G dG
dG
d
dG G
G
dG G
G dG
. d
dG
dG
dG
dG
d G
HdG d
G G
. G
G
G
G
dG
G
G dG
h``dG
dG ```UEG
HdG
dG
dG
G dG dG
dG
G
G
dG
dG
dG
dG
G G G d G
dG
dG
dG
G dG
dG
G
dG
dG
d
G dG
d G
G
G G dG
G G
G
G
G
dG dG
dG
G
G dG G
.(2008
dG
G
G
G
G
G hG dG dG
dG dG G G
G
G
G
G
d d G d
d
G
G
GG
dG
G G G
dG G G
d dG
. dG G G G
G dG
G
``` `` h
d G
G
G
G
G
G dG
G
dG
dG
G
G
G
.
d G G
G
dG
G
dG
``` d`` h
hdG
G
dG HdG
h
I G hdG e
G G EG ,d
h
e dG dG
Q e e dGR
h G H
hdG dG
I G
dG
G I dG
d dG
G U
dG dGh GQG
e d
G e
EGh h
36
dG dG
G
dG
dG
. d
G
G
d
G
G
G
G
dG HQ
dG
dG
d
dG
G
.
G 5-2 dG
dG
dG
G
dG
G dG dG
d dG
G
G
G
dG
dG
G G
G
dG G G
d
G
G
G G G
G dG
G
d
dG
37
G G
dG
G
dG G
dG
dG
d G/
G dG
dG
G
dG
G dG
G G
dG
dG
G dG
dG dG
dG
G G
dG dG
G
17
. G
G
18
G
G G
d
.
dG
G
dG
dG
dG
G
G G
dG
G G G
dG G
dG G G d
G dG dG dG
G
G
G G G G
G G
G G
. dG
G
G G
dG dG G G G
dG G
dG G
G
dG G
G
dG
G G
G
dG dG
G
dG dG)
G
.(2005
UEG
HQ
dG
dG ee
dGh G
dGh dG
d dG
dG dGh
G
G
dG
G dG
dG
G
dG
.
G
G
.
42
eRdG GQGh QG
G
dG
dG dG
G
G
G G G G
G G
G
G
G d
G G dG
dG dG
G
G
G
G
G
dG
dG
dG
G
. G G G
dG
G
G
d d .
dG
G
dG
G G
dG
G dG
d
G
G
dG
dG
G dG
G dG G
G dG dG
G dG
G
dG
G
dG G
G GG
G
G
G G
dG
G dG
G
. dG
dG
dG
G G G
d dG
G
G
Meta- G
G G G
dG G d Cognitive
G
. dG
dG
G G
dG
G
G
d dG dG
.
G
G
G
dG G G
dG
G . G
G
G
G
dG dG dG
G G
G
dG G G
dG dG dG
52
dG
|MkdG
dG
dG
G
e H edG
Qe e
D|G dG
EdG
<k/G
dG
/dkdG
dG
dG
.
G
G
G dG
dG
G G
G G
G
G G
G
G
G dG
GG
G
. G dG
G
G
G
dG
d
G
G
G
G
.
dG G
G
G
G G
G
dG
dG
G
G dG
G
dG
dG G
dG
G
G
G G
dG dG
d G G
dG G . G dG
G dG
dG dG
G
dG
d
G
dG dG
G G
dG
d
dG
G dG
G
dG
dG
G
dG
dG
2011/2010 d dG G
G dG
d
G
dG
G
G
G G
G
G dG
dG
dG
G
G
dG
dG G G .
G
G
dG
dG
G dG
G G
G GG
dG
G
G
dG
G
G
dG
d dG G . G dG dG dG
d
G
G
. dG dG
dG
G
G
G
dG G dG
G
G
dG
G
G G G dG G
.
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
G dG
GdG G G
G
G
G
G
dG dG dG
G
G G d
dG
G G
dG
G
dG
dG
G G
d
dG G G
d G
G
G
G.
G
d G
OG EG e H
e e e
GQO , dH
e e , O
G G
G eh ,e G
, e eh
UG dG GQO h
e e
eh , eRh
h
H
38
G G G
dG G
G G
dG
G
d G
dG G
G
.
G G G
dG dG
d
G
dG
G d
G dG
G dG
G
G
G
dG
G
dG
)
G
dG
dG dG
.(2009
dG
dG
dG
GQhO e G
G O e
, QG d dG
dG d
Q eRdG
Q Gh ,dA G
HGh , G
HQh , dGh
H QG
Gh edG
, G
39
dG
G
G
G
. dG
G G dG
dG
G
G
G
G
G
G
dG G
G
d .
G G
G G
dG
G
G
G
G G
dG
G
d
G
G
G
dG
G
G
.
G
G
G
G
G d
dG G
d G
dG
dG
d
dG G G
G
G
G
dG
G
.
d
dG
G
G dG
d
G
G
dG
dG
G
G
dG
G
d dG
G d dG
dG
G
dG .2020
d G
G
dG
dG
d
G
G
dG dG
.
dG
G G
G
G G
G
G G d
dG
dG
dG G
G
dG
.
G
dG dG
G
G d G
G
. d
dG
G
dG dG
dG
G
dG
G dG
GG d
.
G GG
dG
G
G
dG
G
G
dG dG
G
G dG
G
G
G
G
G
G G dG
dG G
G dG
d G G
G
dG
G dG G dG G dG
dG
dG
G dG
G
. G dG
G
G
G
G
dG
G
.
G G
G dG
G
G dG G G
dG
G
G
G d G dG d
G
dG
G dG
G
G
G
GG
G
dG
G
G
G G dG
G dG d
G
d G dG d
G G . dG
G
G
G
d
G G
G
G G G G
dG
dG
dG
G
. G
G
d G
d G dG d
G
G
G
G
G
d
G G
G G
d G
dG d G
dG
.(2000
d dG dG
G
G
G
G dG G
G
G
dG
G
G dG
G G.
dG G G
G
G
d
G G
dG dG dG
G
G
dG
dG G
dG dG
dG
G
dG
G
dG G
G
dG
dG
G
G
G
dG
G
G
G
.
dG G
G dG G
G G
d
dG
dG
G
G
dG
dG d dG
G
G G
G
G
dG
G
G
G
.
G dG G
d
G d G
dG
G
GG G G G
dG G
dG G
dG d
G
G G
dG G d
G
G dG G dG G G
dG dG G
G G G G
G G
dG G
G
d
G
G G
dG G
.
G
dG dGK F|dG
dG G
2011/2010 d dG G
52
dG dG
d
dG
dG
dG
G
dG
G G
d .
dG dG
G
dG G
G
G G
G
.
dG
dG
G G
G
dG
dG
G . dG
dG
G
G
. dG G
dG G
dG
G
dG
d d
dG
2004
G
dG
dG
dG
G
d
d
dG
dG
G
dG
dG
dG
G
dG dG
dG dG G
G
.G G
G
dG
dG
G
dG
dG
. dG dG
G
dG G
G
G G
dG G G
G
G GG
G G G
. d
dG
dG
G
edG dG
e dG e
,dG G G
IQ dG eh
O G G
h G
H EG e G
G
dG G
eh
40
d dG
dG dG
dG
dG EG
I Q G
G
e
dG dG
OG E G
HdG G
EG d d eO dG
G
dG G d
GQhO Gh
d
d Gh dG
, G dG
e e h
, dG dG
GQOEG dGh
h dG
h OG G
HdG G
41
d
d
G
G G G
GG
G G
G dG
dG
G
d G
dG
dG G
G G
G
dG
dG
G
dG
dG
dG
G
G G
G
dG
d G
G G G
G dG
G
dG
d
G
G
G
G
dG
G
G
G
dG
G
dG
dG
G
dG
dG
dG
G
dG
dG G . G
dG
G
G
G dG
dG G
dG
G
dG
dG
G
dG
d G
G
dG G d . d
dG
d G
G
G
dG d G
dG G G
dG
dG dG
. dG G
G G
G
G
G
dG
G
G
G d G
G G
d . G G
dG
dG
G
G
G
dG
dG
dG
G dG
G G
dG d
dG
dG
dG G
d dG
G
)
dG
G
d
.(2010 dG
G G
G
dG
.(1997
dG d G dG
G dG
G
dG
G
G G
dG
G
G G
G
G
G
d G G
G
. dG
G
dG
G
dG dG
dG dG
G G
G
dG G d . G
G d d
G
G
dG
G
. dG
G
dG
dG
G G d
G dG
dG
dG G G
dG
d G
G
G
G
G
. d
G
dG
dG
G
dG
G
G G
G
G
dG
G
dG dG dG d
d .
dG dG dG dG
G
dG G
G
G G
G
G
G
dG
G
dG
G
dG
.(1997
)
G
dG G
G
dG dG dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG d G
G
G
G
dG
. dG
dG
G
dG
dG
dG dG
d
dG
dG dG
.
dG
G
G
G dG d
G G
G
dG G
G
dG
dG
G G
G
dG dG
.
G
G
d
dG d dG
dG
G
G G
G
G
d dG
. G
G
G
d
G
dG
dG
dG dG
G
GG
G G
G
G
dG
G d
G dG
dG G
d dG
dG
G
G G
G G
dG
dG d .
G
G
G
dG
G
G
dG
G G dG
G
G GG
G
G
dG G
G
G G
G
d G G
dG
G G
G
(2011
(2011
)
G
.
G dG G G
G dG
dG G
G
dG
G
dG G
G
dG
dG
G dG
G
G
G d d
G
dG
dG G
dG
d .2009 d dG
G
G
G
dG
d .
G G
dG dG
dG
G
G
G
. G dG
dG
dG
dG
dG G G
2011/2010 d dG G
G G G dG
dG
d
G
G
dG
dG d G
G
G
d
. dG dG
dG
G dG
dG
G
G
19
G
G
G
G
dG d G
dG G dG
.
G G dG
dG
dG
G
G
dG G
G
G
G
d .
G d
G dG
G
dG
G d
G
dG
G G G
G G
dG G
G
d G
. G
G
dG
dG
G
G G
GG
d
. d
d G
G
dG
dG
G
dG
dG
G G
G
dG
G
dG
G
G
.
G
G
dG G
G
G
G
dG
)
G
dG
G
d .(2009
dG dG G G
G
G
G
GG
dG
dG
G
G
dG
G dG
dG
G
. dG
dG
dG
dG
G
dG
G
G dG G
G
dG dG
G
dG d
G
dG d dG
dG
dG d dG
dG .
dG G
G
dG
d G
G
dG d dG
G
G
dG d dG
EG
I
dG
dG
e G
Q G N
I G dG
IQ GR EG
Gh e G
42
dG dG
hdG EG
QhH HdG
UEG G EG
G dG
dGdGh Gh
G
d eG Gh
, dG
dG G EGh
e dG
dG EG
UNh , dG
Q N e
OGh e G
Ge G
G EG
,U Gh
Uh
H EG
O G edG
d dGh
dG HdG
dG
43
dG
G
dG
dG
dG
G
G G
G G
G
dG
G dG
dG
dG
dG
G
G
dG
dG dG
G G
G dG
d dG
dG
d
G G
dG
dG
G
. d
G
dG dG G
G G dG
dG
dG
dG
G
dG
dG
G
dG
G
dG d . dG G
dG
G
G
G
dG dG
dG
G
G G G
G
d G
G
G
G G
G d
.
G d dG G dG
G d
G
dG
G
d
G
G
G dG
dG .
G
G
dG
G . d G
d
G dG G
G
G dG dG)
G G
.(2008
dG
d
dG dG G
d
dG
dG G
G
G
G
G
dG G
G
G
G
G G
G
G
G
G
d
G
G G
G G G
G G
G G
d . d
dG
G
G
d
G
dG
dG
d
G
G
G
.
G
G G
dG G dG
G G
G
d
dG
dG
d
dG
dG
dG
G
G
G G
G
dG dG
dG
dG G G
dG
G
dG G
dG
. dG dG
dG dG G
G
G
G
G G dG
G
G d dG
dG
dG
dG dG
.
G
G dG
G dG
dG G
dG dG
dG dG
dG
G
d
G
d
d
G
G
G
G
G G G
G
. dG
dG
d G dGh I G
eO dG HdG
dG
G
dG
G dG
G
G
dG
dG
G G
G dG dG
G dG
d G G G dG
. dG
dG G
G
dG
d G
dG
G dG G . G
.
dG
dG
G
G
G
G
dG
d
dG
G
G G G dG G G
dG
G G
G
dG dG
G dG G
.
dG
dG
G G
G
dG G dG
dG dG
G G
G
G
G
G G
dG G dG
d
G . dG d G
G
G
dG
dG
G G G
G
G
dG dG dG
dG dG
G
dG
d G G dG
G dG
G G
G
dG
dG
G
dG
dG
G
G
G
dG
d
G
.
dG G G
G
G G
G G
d
G
dG
G G
. G
dG
G
G
G
G
G
dG
G
d G d
.
dG
dG
dG
dG d
G G
G. G
G G G
G
G d d
dG
G G
.
dG G
G
dG
G dG
dG
G
d G
d G
G
G dG
dG d G
. dG G
d G
dG G
G
dG G . G
G dG
dG
G
G
dG
dG G dG
dG
.
G dG
d
G
G
G
G
.
G
G G
. d
dG
d G G
G d
G dG
dG
G G
G
G d
G
dG
dG
G dG
dG dG
dG d G
G
G
G G
dG
dG
G
G dG
.
G G dG
G
.
d
dG
dG
dG dG
G dG
dG
G
G
dG
dG d G
dG
G
G
.
G
dG dG
dG
G
dG dG d G G G
dG dG dG
. G
G
G
. G dG
G
dG
dG G dG
G
dG . G dG d dG
dG
dG
dG G dG
G
G dG
G
G .
G G
dG
G
dG
G
G
G
dG
.
G
G
dG
G
G d G G G dG
G
G dG
d
dG
dG G . G
G
d
dG
dG
G
2011/2010 d dG G
CG
d CG HdG
I e
H
d G FHh
CG FG dG
. Q h h
h
G dG
AHCG
dG
G
G G
G
dG G G
dG
dG G G
G.
G
G
dG
G
G dG
/
G G
G G G
G
G
G
G
G dG
G G
G dG
G
G
G
dG
. G
. G G
d
G
G
d d G
dG
G
G
G . d G dG
d
dG dG G
dG
d d
G
G
G
G
G dG
dG
d G dG dG
.G G
G dG
G dG
dG
GhOCG FHC
Gh dG
dG d dGh
dd
e dG FG dH
Gh G
IO dG G e
44
dG
dG
G d
dG dG
hO dG
dG
CG e
h F
dG dh G
hQ EG h
UdG G
h e
dG
G dG AH
hdG
H EG HdG
e e
, h I CG
dG N e
G E
eeh I e
CG
OG E e
CG
G
45
G
G G
G
G
G dG
G
dG
.
G
G d
d
. G dG
dG
G
G
dG G d
G
G
dG
.
G
G
G
d
G
dG G G
dG dG
G . G
G dG
)
G dG
G
.(2008 2005
G G G
G
. G
G d dG
dG d
dG
G
dG d
dG
G
G G
dG
G
G dG
d
G
d
G
G
G
G
d
d G G. G
dG
dG
G
.
G G G
G
dG
dG
dG
dG
G
G G
d G
G
dG
G
G
.
G
G
dG
G G
G
. G
G
dG
G dGh EG
HdG
G
d
G d G dG dG
dG
dG
G G
.
G dG
dG
dG
. G
G d d
dG G
G
G
. d G
G
G . G G G
dG
dG
G
G
G dG d d
G
. G
G G
EG dGh dG hO dG
G A QG
dG G
dG G
dG
. dG
G
G/
G
.
d
G
dG
dG
dG
G
G
G
dG
G G
G
dG dG
d
d
G
G
. G
dG G dG G G .
d G dG
dG
G
d
d
dG .
G
.
dG
dG
dG d G
G
G
G G
G
.
. d
G G
dG
G
G dG
. G
G
G
G
G G
G
G G G
dG
dG )
dG dG
dG
dG
.(2005
dG G
G
G G
dG
dG G
d G dG
d
dG d G
d dG
dG G
G
G
G G dG
dG
G
d
G
d
.
d
G
G
G G
G G
dG
dG hCG G dG
dG
G G
dG
d G
G
G
dG G d . G d
dG dG
dG
. G dG G dG d d dG
G
dG dG dG
dG dG
G)
G
.(2008
dG
d G
G dG dG
dG
dG
G
t
d
G
G
G
G
G
G G
G
dG
dG
G
G
. G G
dG
dG
d
G
%69.4
G
.
d dG d
G G
G
t
G
dG
G dG
G G
G
G
G dG
G
dG
G
G
dG
G
G G
. dG G dG
d G
G G t
G
G dG
G G
G
G
dG dG
dG
dG G d
dG
d G
G
dG G
G
d
G
G
.
G
G G
G G G G
dG
.
d
G
G
t
dG G G
d dG G d
dG
G
G G G
G
G
d
G dG
G
G dG G
G
dG G
G
G
G
G G dG
dG
G
.
G
. G dG
G
G
G
G dG
d
G
G
dG .
dG
dG dG
G
dG G dG
G
2011/2010 d dG G
dG
G
G G
dG G
k hCG
G
dG
G
dG
dG
G dG G
G G dG
G
G
G
G
k
G ` ` `` h
G
G G
dG
G dG G
G
G
kd h
G
G
dG
dG
dG
G G
dG G
dG
d
G
dG
G
G
G
G
G
G G
dG
G
G
. d
G d
dG
dG
G G dG
G
dG
dG
G
G
G
G
G
G
dG
.
G G
G G
G G
G
G
dG
G
G
G
dG
EG F h
CG
e e N e
e e e
EH , eh
C EG
G
CGh
dG
G
G
dG
G
G
G G
G
G
G
G
G
G dG
dG G
dG
G G
dG
G d
dG
G
G
dG
dG
dG
G G C
dG G
F
hG G
CG eG H
HdG G dG
GG
dG
dG d
G
267
G dG
. d
dG
G
G
dG
50.2
dG
d
dG
.
dG
dG
dG
482
dG G dG
46
dG dG
G
G
G
G
. G
dG
G . G
dG
dG G G
G
d
13
dG
G G
d .
dG
dG
Q Nd
CG
C EG
dG O U
dG EG
h dH
eNh d
H
H EG
47
G
G G
G
G
dG
dG
dG
d
d
dG
.
G
G
dG
dG
d G
G
G G
G
G
G
G
G G
dG
dG
dG G .
G
G
dG
G
G
dG
dG
G G
G
G
dG
dG
G
G dG
dG
dG
dG
G
dG dG
d
G
dG
G
G
dG
. d
G G
dG dG G
dG
G dG
G dG
d
(
19-14) d
d G G
G
G
G
G
dG d dG
G
. dG dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
G
dG
dG G
G
G
G dG
G
G G
dG
d G
G
dG
dG
G d
dG
dG dG
G
. d
dG
G G
dG
d
dG G dG
dG dG
G G d
G
d
dG
G
.
dG
dG
dG
dG
d
dG
dG
dG G
dG
.
G dG
G
G
dG
G
dG
G
G . dG
dG
G
d
dG G dG
G
G dG dG . G
G
2008
dG
G
, dG dG G
G
G
G
G
G
d
G
G
G
G
dG
G
dG
dG
dG G dG
G
%20
%80 G
dG
d G G dG d
. d
G
G
G
dG
G
dG
d
d
dG
dG
dG
G
G
.
dG G dG
G G
G
G
dG dG
G
d
G G
dG G dG
dG
G G dG
G
dG G dG
G G
dG
d
G dG dG)
.(2008
G
d G
G
G
G
G
G G
dG dG
G
G
G G
G
. G
h G dG
dG
G
dG
G
d
G
dG
G
G
dG
d .
dG G
dG dG
G
dG dG dG
d dG G dG
dG
dG
dG
G
G G
G dG
dG
G
dG
dG
dG
dG
d
G
dG
G G
dG
G
dG
dG . dG
G
dG
G
G
G
dG
G
dG
dG
d
G
dG
G G
dG
dG
G G
dG
d G
dG
dG dG
dG
dG
G
dG
G
. dG d
dG
dG G G
G
dG
dG
G
G
G
G
dG
dG
G
G
G
dG
G
G
dG
dG
dG dG
G G G
d
G
. dG
dG
G G
G
G dG
dG
dG
dG
G
G
dG dG
G
G
G
dG dG dG G
dG
d
dG
d
. G
dG
dG
dG G
G
G
dG
G
G
G dG
dG G G
G
G
G dG
dG
G
G G
dG G
dG
G
dG dG G
G
G
G
G G
. d
G
dG
G
G
G
dG
G
G
G
2011/2010 d dG G
dG
dG
dG
G G G G
dG
dG
GG
G
d
G
dG
dG G dG
G G dG G
G
.
G
G
G dG dG G
. G dG
G
d
dG
dG G G
dG G
G
dG
G G
G
G G dG
dG
dG
. G
dG
.
G G G
G
G G
dG G dG
G dG
d d
dG
GG
G
dG
G
G
dG
G
G
G
G G
G
G
d
G
G
dG
dG
G
dG
. dG
G
dG G dG
d
dG
G G
dG
G G
dG
d
dG G
G
. dG d
G
G G
dG
G dG
GG G
dG dG G G
. d
dG
dG
G
G
CG
G UEG
CG dG
G I G
HdG
e hQ
UG dG dG
dG G
h
h G
GQGh dG
QGh Gh
G
23
G
dGt
dG d
Gt
dG
dG dG
t
dG
dGt
d G
G
t
G dG
dGt
.
G dG
G G dG
G dG
d
G
dG
G
G
G dG G
d dG
dG
G dG
G
G
G G G dG
G G G
G
d dG d
d
G G
48
G dG
dG
G
dG G
G
G G G dG
d dG G
G
dG G
dG
G
G
. dG
G
dG
G
G
dG
dG G dG
dG
dG
G
dG G
dG
dG
G
dG
G
d
G
d G dG
dG dG
G
. G G G G
33
dG dG
G G
G
G
dG
dG dG
G
G
d
G
dG
G
dG
dG
G G
dG G
G
G .
G G
G dG G G . G
d
dG
dG
dG G G
G
G d
G d dG
G G
G
dG
dG
dG
G G
G G dG G dG
dG dG
G G
d G G
G
dG G
dG G
dG
dG
dG
dG
G
dG
dG
.G G
dG
G
G
dG
dG G
dG
G
G
dG
G
dG
dG
G
G
dG G
.
G dG
G
d
G G
.
G
dG
dG
dG
HdG dG
G h eRCG
H Gh H
eG Gh
dGh GHEGh
G H
49
G dG
dG dG
G
dG
G
d .
dG
dG d
G
G
G
dG
d
dG G dG
d G G G dG G G
G dG
d
dG G dG
d
dG
G
dG
G
dG G
d G
d .
G
dG dG G
G
dG
dG
dG d
G
G
d
d dG
G
dG dG
dG
dG
. G dG
G
G G
G d
G
dG d
G
G d
G G G
5.330
dG G G
G G
18.440
.
27.400
%3.3
dG d
dG
d
d .
G
G
.
dG
dG
1973
EG U dGh HdG dG
G
dG G G
G
.
dG
dG
G
G
G
d G G dG
dG
dG
dG G
dG
G
2008
G
dG
GG
GG G
dG . d
dG
G
dG
dG
G
dG
GG
GG G
G
G
G
1974
.
G
dG
dG G
d dG
dG
GG
dG
d G G
d
dG
G
dG G G G
G G dG G dG
. G
G G
G dG dG
G
G dG dG
G
G
G
dG
G
G
dG G G
dG
G
dG
G
G
G
. d
G 20
dG dG dG
G
dG
G
dG
dG dG dG
dG
dG
dG G
G
G
dG
G
G
d
G
d
dG
dG
d
G G
G G G
G
dG dG
. dG
dG
G
dG
dG
dG
dG
G
G G dG
G
G
.
G
dG
G d
dG
G G
G
dG
G dG
d G G
d G
dG
G d
G
d
G dG
G dG
G
d
G dG
dG G
G
G
dG G G
dG dG
dG . G
G G d
GG
G
G
G
dG
G
d
.
G dG G
G
G dG
dG dG
G
G dG
G
dG
G G
G dG
G
G
dG
G dG
G
dG . d dG dG
G
G d
G
G G dG
d
G
d
G . G G
dG
G d G G
dG G G dG
%82.7 G
G dG
G dG
G G G
G
G G G G G dG
dG dG G G G %78.8
.
G 19 G
eOEG eh dGh G G
G
A dG
G G
G
2011/2010 d dG G
G G
%3.9
2010
G/
dG
G
d dG d
G
. dG d
G G
G
dG dG dG
G
dG
dG
dG
G
G dG dG G
G
dG dG G
G
d
dG dG
G
G
G %67.8 G
dG
dG dG
G
22
.
dG
dG
d dG
d G G dG
dG
dG G
d
G
dG G
dG dG
. dG G
G dG
dG
G
G
dG dG G dG G dG
dG
G
d
G G dG
. dG
dG
G dG
G
dG dG dG
dG
G
G
GG
G . d
dG
dG
G dG
G
d
dG dG G
.
dG G G
dG d dG G dG
GG
G dG
G G d G G dG
G G .
G
d
G
dG
dG
dG dG
G
G
dG
d
G
dG dG
dG
dG
dG
G
G . dG
G
G G
G G
dG
dG
G
d
G G
.(2005
G
) G dG d
dG
G
G
dG
G
G dG
G
dG
d
dG dG
G
dG d
dG dG G .
dG G
dG
dG
G dG
dG
. dG
dG
G
dG
dG
d
dG dG
dG G
dG
21
H Qh dG e
EG O G
G CG e
dG
UEGh HdG
Q h
IGOC dEG dGh
EG d
dh G
Q d
G
H G EG
EG , C G dG
,HdG dG
eG dG e
G G
dG AH
dG F dG
d dGh
50
dG dG
G
d
G G
dG
dG
G
dG
dG
G G dG G
G
G
dG
dG
dG
G
dG
dG G
G
G d
G
G
dG
dG
G
G
d dG G
G
G G
G
G
. dG dG dG dG
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
dG
dG
G G G G
. G G
G G
G G
dG
G
G
dG
G
G
dG G G
dG
G
dG
.
G
G
G
dG
dG
G . dG
G G G
G
dd .
G
G
d dG G
G
G G dG
dG
. d
G
G
G G
dG
dG
dG
G dG G G
G dG
d
. G
23
F dG G G EG
IGh G
Gh
G
G G
C e dG
CG CG
e dG
A H Q
h EG
dG
dG
dG . G
. d dG
dG
G
G G
dG
G d
dG G dG
.G G G
G
G G
G G
G
G G
G dG G
G dG G G G
dG
dG
d
. dG
dG
G
G G G
dG
dG G
G G
dG d
G
G
. dG dG
G
dG dG
d
G G
dG
G G G
dG
G . dG
G G
d dG
G G
G G
G
d
d
d
.
G
dG
G G
d
G
G
G G
dG
dG
dG
G
G
dG
dG
G
dG
d d
dG
G dG
G
dG
dG G G G
G G
dG
G G
G d
d G G
.
G
dG
G
43
G G d G
G
G
d
G
G
dG dG
dG
G
dG
.
dG
dG
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G dG
dG
GG
. d
dG dG
G
G
dG
dG
G
GdG G dG
G G
G
dG
2005
51
d
dG d
G dG
G G
G
dG
dG
G
dG dG dG
2011/2010 d dG G
52
GdG
dG dG
G
dGh dG
H,
e
EG GHEG d
hdG e
d e dG
G
GQN
EG
U h
HdG EG
h
G CGh
53
dG G G
G G G G
dG
G G dG dG
dG
G dG G G
G
.
G
G
G
dG dG
dG
dG d
dG
dG
G
G
dG
G dG
. G G G G G G
dG dG
dG G G
. dG G
G
d
G dG
G G
G
dG
dG G G
d
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG d dG
G G
dG dG
dG
d
dG G
dG dG dG
d . G
G d dG
dG
G G
G
G
dG / dG
dG
dG
G
dG
dG
dG
G
d
d
G
G d
G
dG
G
G
dG
G
dG
G
G G G G.
d
dG
dG
G GG
dG G
G
dG G
G
G
G G
dG G G
dG
G
G
G
d dG dG
G G
dG
dG
.
G
G
dG
dG
G
dG
dG
G
dG
G
G G
dG
2003 d
G
G
d dG
.
dG
dG dG
G
G
G
G
G G
dG
G
G
dG
G
G
G
G d G G
.
G
dG
G G
G d 2009
dG G
dG
d
G G dG
. G
G dG d
G
G 2011/2010 dG G
G
d
dG dG
G
G G d
G dG
dG
dG
. G dG
G
G
dG G G
G
GG
G dG
G
G
G
G
G
d
d
dG G G
d
G
dG G
G
G
. dG
d
dG dG
G
G GdG G
G G
dG
G
d d dG G G G
G
G
G
G
dG G G
dG
dG dG dG
dG
. dG
G
G
G . dG
dG
2.5+ G 2.5G
G G . G
dG
dG
dG dG dG
G
dG dG
G GG
G
0.63-
.
d dG
dG
dG
GG
G
G d
dG
dG
dG
G
dG
dG
G
dG
G
G
dG dG
G
G d G
1996
G
dG d
dG
G
dG dG
dG G G G
dG
G GG
2006 dG
0.61dG
dG dG
G
G
G
d G
dG
dG dG ) G
.(2009
G
G
A dG C h G IQGOEG
GG G
dG
G
dG G
G G G
G G
G
dG
dG
G
d
dG dG
dG
G
G
d
G
G
.
G
G
G
d
dG d G
G
.
dG
G
dG dG
dG
G
dG
dG
G G G . G
G G
dG G G
G GG
GG
. dG
G
G GG
G G
G
dG G G d G
dG
hdG
e HdG
H e
,HdG EG
, dG U Hh
e
h dG
G
24
14
dG
H|< K2 G G|7'e
2011
G/
G21
http://info.worldbank.org/governance/wgi/mc_countries.asp (2009
2011/2010 d dG G
G)
dG
dG
54
24
dG
dG dG
2dG F4e d2
dG dG EG
G
dG
I H e G
d
G G
2011
23
G/
7.7
5.3
.
dG
6.3
G
G
dG
e dA Gh
h ,NH
Q G Q EG k e
, dG IO h
dh
dG
G d
dGdGh IGh Gh
G
http://www.transparency.org/2010
d
dG
G
. dG dG G G G
dG G G
GG
dG d
G
G
10
G
.
.G
G
G G
dG
G G dG
dG G
dG
dG
G
G
dG d dG
.
dG d d
dG
G
. dG
dG
G
G 17
.
13
G
G
G
. G
G dG
G dG
. G
G
dG
G
dG
G
dG
dG
G
G
G
G G
G
G G eh G IQGOEG
G G G G
G
. d dG dG
G
G.
55
G
G
dG
dG
dG
dG
G
G
dG
dG 1-4
dG dG
GG G0
100
dG dG G G G G G 100
G G d
G
G
G G
d
dG
G GG
G.d G
G dG dG
dG G
dG
.
G G
G dG G
G G
G
GG G
dG
.
dG G G G
G dG
d dd
G
dG
G G
d
G
G
dG G
dG
G GG
.
G dG
d G
dG G
G G
d
dG
d
dG
dG dG G G G
. dG
G
dG
G G 2-4 dG
dG
dG
G dG G dG
. dG
dG
5
G
dG
G
dG G G
dG
dG dG dG
G
dG
G dG
G
dG
dG
G G
G
G
dG G dG . G G
dG
G
G
. dG
d
G
G
dG G
G dG
G
G
dG
dG
G G
.(2004
G) dG G G
G
dG G
dG G
dG G
G
G
G
G
G
d
G G
G
d
G
d
dG G
G
dG
G dG
G G
d dG
G
G
G
G G
GG
. dG
dG G
G
G
G
. d
d G
G
G G dG G G
dG
G
G dG
dG G
G
. G G
dG
G G
dG
dG
d dG
d
G
G dG G G
25
dG
dG
d
dG G G G
G
G G .
G
G G / dG
dG dG
G
dG
G
G
G d
d G
G
G
G
G dG
G
dG
G
G
G
. G
G
dG
dG
G
G d dG
dG
.
dG
dG
G
G G
G
G
dG
G
G d dG
dG
dG
G dG
dG G G
d d . dG G
G
G G G
d
dG
2011/2010 d dG G
G
G
d
2010
G
)
.(2007
G
.
G G
G
dG
dd . G G
G G
G d
G
G
G dG
dG
G
.(2010
G
G
dG
dG
dG dG
G
dG
d G
dG
dG
G G
http://
G G
)
e EG
e G G
e CG C
G dG U
, dG Gh
dG d
Q e HdG
QdG QhO
C Q e
h dG
G
www.freedomhouse.org/ 2009
dG
(2011 G /
23
G
dG
.
G
dG
dG
dG
dG
G G
G
G
d dG G G
dG
G
dG
G
G
dG G G
dG
G
G
dG
.
G
dG
G
G
G
G
G dG
G
dG
dG
dG
d
dG
G
dG
G
dG
dG
dG G
G
dG d G
. dG
G G
G G EG
YGh IQOGh
I Gh
ke e kNe
H
G dG
dGREG dG
O G QO e
d , G
h OG Gh
, O G U dG
e Gh
dGh ,Y G
EGh ,dGh
.edG GG
QeCG
G
56
dG dG
O dG
Q H I U e
G e Gh
E ,dh G
Y dG
h GQ
EG ,ICGG EG
Y , dG
Y CG
G E , CG
ICGG h
eY
GQ
Yh
h H A dG
G
57
.
dG
dG
dG
G
dG
G G 2009 d dG
dG
G G dG
G % 50 G % 40
G
dG
dG
G
G dG
G dG
dG
G G
.(2007
d )
G
G dG G dG
d
G
G G G dG
G
. dG
d
dG
G dG G G d
G G G dG dG
G
G
.
G
dG
d
d dG G G
G
G
G
.
G
G
dG
G
dG
dG G
dG
dG
G
dG
G G
G
G
dG
G
G d
G
dG
G dG
G
dG G dG
G
dG G G
dG
dG
G
G
G
G .
dG
G
dG
G
15
dG
%65
%29
2007 dG
d
G G
G dG
. G
%63 G
dG
%69 GdG
.( 2010 dG) %72 dG
%63
G G
G
22%
dG
G
dG dG
dG
G
G
dG G G
. G
dG
%8
%50
G
G
. dG
G G
dG
dG
dG
G G
dG
%10
G
dG G . dG dG
G
G G d
G G
G
dG
dG
.
G
dG
G G
dG
G
G dG
dG
G
dG
G G G
dG
dG
G d d
dG
G G
d
dG
. GG
G G
dG G G G
G
dG
G dG dG
G G
dG
G
G
G
dG
G
dG
G
2003
G
dG
.(2009 dG
G
G
dG
dG
G G
G
dG d d
dG dG dG
d
dG
. G
G dG
d G G
G
d
G G
dG
G
dG
G
dG
dG
G
. G
G dG
ICGG
G
G
G G
G
d
G G
G
dG
dG
G G G . dG
G
G
G
G
G G
dG
G
dG G d d
G
. G
G
G
G
dG
G
dG G G
dG dG
dG G
. d
G dG
. G
G
dG
G
G
G G G
d
d
G
dG
G
G
. G dG
dG G G
G
G G G .
G
G
G
G
G dG
G
dG G
G
dG G G
dG
dG dG dG
G
G
dG
G
G G d
dG G G
dG
G
G
G
dG
dG
d
G dG HGQh
G
G
dG
d G
dG
G
dG
G
eNh
d G
dG G
G
G
dG
G
G dG
G
d dG
G dG
G
d .
G
d
G
G G
d
G
dG
dG
.
G
dG
dG
dG
G
G G
G G
G
GG
dG
G G
dG G
dG
G
dG
dG G
G
G
G
dG G
G
G d
dG
dG G G
dG
dG
dG
dG
d dG
G
dG
. G
Y Gh O G dG
G
dG G G
G
G
dG
G dG
dG dG
G
dG
G
G
G
dG
G
G d
dG
G
G
dG
. dG
G
G dG
G
G G
.
G
dG
GG
dG
G dG
G
G G
G
G G
dG
G
dG
dG
G dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
2011/2010 d dG G
14
d
dG
G
G
dG
G
G G
dG
G d
d G G
dG G G
G
G G . d dG
G G d
d
G
dG G G
G
G
d
G
G
G
G
G
dG
G
G dG G
dG G
d
dG
dG d
G d
G
G G G . dG d GdG dG
G
G
G G
G G
G
.
d d
G
dG dG
G
.2007
dG G
dG
.
dG
G G) dG d
G d
.(2010 d d
dG
dG
dG G G dG
dG
G
dG
G
G
dG
G dG
G
dG d
G dG dG
G
G G dG G G
dG
dG G G
G dG
.
G
G
dG
dG
G G G
G
. dG
G
G
G
G G G
G
dG
dG
G
G
. G
G d d
dG
G G hCG
dG
G dG G dG
dG
G G
dG
dG G k h
G
dG
dG
G
G G
dG G
dG
G G
G G d
G G
G G
dG
dG
G kd h
G dG d
d
G
G d
G G
G
dG
dG
58
24
dG dG
G hO
e YCG HdG
d
H O G
G
h , O G
GQ G
h Q G
dG dG
dG
G dG
G GG
G
G
dG
d
dG ]....] G dG
dG
G d
dG
G
dG
G dG dG
G
G
dG dG
G
G G d d
dG dG
dG
G
d
G G dG G
. dG
G dG
G G
d
G
dG dG
dG
dG
dG dG
G
G dG G
G
dG
dG G G
. d d
dG G G
dG
GG
G
dG
G . dG
G G G
2009
G d
G
e dG
HdG hdG
eCG CG k FY
eGH
C G OGYEG EG
d CGh
EG d d
G
59
GG
. dG
dG
G
dG
dG
. dG d G
G
G
G dG
dG
d d
G G
dG
dG
G
dG
Q Gh O G UEG
NdG R
dG
NdG
dG
dG
h dG
d
G
dG
G
G
dG
dG
dG
. d
dG
d
G
G
G d
G
dG 6.7
%13
dG
dG
G
G dG
%45.9
dG dG
dG 27.7 G 15.6
G d
G
2.2
.
G
G
dG
G
dG
%22
dG d G G G
dG
G
dG
dG
d d
G G G 2009
dG
G
dG G G .(2010
G
dG dG
G
dG G dG
d
G dG
G
G G d
. dG G G
. dG G
dG
dG
dG
dG
G
dG
G
G
G
d G
G G G G
G G
d . G
G d d
G
dG
dG
d
. G
G dG dG
dG dG
d
dG dG
G
d
G
G dG dG
G
. dG G
G
dG
dG
G
G
G dG
dG
dG
G
G d d
dG G
G
dG
. dG
G
G
G G G dG
d
dG G G
G G
G dG
dG
dG dG
G
G dG
d
G
G G dG
G G
dG G
dG
dG d
dG
dG
G dG
dG
dG
dG
dG G
G
G G
.(2009
d
dG dG d G
G G
2008
GG
dG G
dG
G
G
G
dG
d dG
G G G
dG
G G G
G
G
d
dG G
dG
G
G
dG G G
dG
dG dG dG
14
ee
dG
35.78
2004
40.88
2007
64.30
2004
39.96
2002
32.14
2004
37.72
2006
dG
G
dG
G
G
dG
dG
.2011 G/
G
dG
25
.2005
dG
G
G
dG
dG
dG
dG G G
G
G
dG
dG
G G
G G G dG G
dG
G
dG G
G
G
G
G . G
dG
G
dG
d
G dG
G
G
G
1.25
.%17 G %4
dG
dG
G G dG
G d
dG dG
G
dG dG
G
G
d
G
d dG dG dG)
G
.(2010 d d
dG G G
G dG
dG
G
G G
dG
dG dG
dG
G dG
G
G G G
G
G d
G dG
G
G
dG
G
d . dG
dG
dG
dG
G dG
G dG
.
G dG dG G G
2011/2010 d dG G
http //hdr.undp.org/en/statistics
dG
dG 0
dG 100
dG
dG dG dG
G
dG dG
dG
G
dG
. dG
GG G
.
G
G
G G dG
dG
G
32.14
G
dG d
G G
. dG
64.30
G dG
dG (25.8)
dG (25)
d
. (28.3)
G (24.9)
26
Gh dG
d dG dG dG
G 2010 d d
dG G
dG G
dG
dG
1.25
G dG
dG
dG dG
G %4
G GG
d
dG
.
dG dG
G
G
G
dG G
G
.
dG G G
d
G
dG dG
dG
G
G
dG
dG
. dG
d
d G
dG
dG
1990
G
G
.2015
dG
G
60
24
dG dG
dG
dG
dG e
dH
G
AG dG OY
2005
H
dG Q G
dH
G
0.2
2.3
4.3
1.2
2.31.9
1
1.5
3.8
1.6
0.1
1.9
5.8
1.8
1.8
1.8
2.8
0.6
0.8
1.54.1
0.77.42.22.04.80.81.73.4
2.61.52.2-
0.3
16.6
0.7
2.3
1.2
21.2
1.8
2.7
0.4
4.9
1.4
7.3
0.3
1.2
9.3
35.4
8
21.6
13
12.3
34.5
19.4
5.6
9
3.8
6.8
26.7
34.8
42.2
37
36.4
17.1
AG dG OY
1995
H
dG Q G
dH
G
0.4
15.3
0.6
2.1
0.6
18.9
4.1
3.5
0.7
8.3
1.1
6.2
0.2
0.2
7.3
34.9
10
24.1
15
14.3
20.3
21.4
14.1
13.1
7
12.7
50
40
34.5
47.2
41.2
20.3
2005
2009
2006
2007
2007
2006
2007
2005
2004
2006
2002
2004
.2010
U N
dG eCG d
Y UNh
dG YCG
dG EG
h ,e G
GQH dG
CG ,H G
hdG eCG
G HdG
eO dG dG
61
dG
dhdG
1997
1990
1990
1997
1998
G
G
1994
1990
1990
G G
dG G
1996
1998
1996
1995
dG
dG
G
G
dG
d d
dG G
dG
G
d dG dG dG
ddG
G
dG
G
G
dG
dG
G
d dG
dG
.(2010 d d
dG G G
dG dG d dG
G
dG dG %12
. dG
dG d dG
d
.
dG
dG d dG
dG
dG dG d dG
%50 dG
dG
dG dG
dG
G dG
.2006
G
d dG
G
G
dG
G
dG
d d
G G
G
dG
.(2010 dG 2010
G dG
dG dG
dG
G
dG
G
G dG
G
dG
.
G dG dG
d
d dG
G
G
d
G d dG
dG
dG
dG G
G G
G
dG
d dG
G
G d
G G
dG
G
dG
dG G G
G
d
dG
.
dG
G
. dG G dG
dG
dG
dG
dG dG
G
dG
G
G
G
.
dG
G dG dG
dG
d
G
G
dG
G
dG
d
. G
G
d G G
dG G d
G
dG
G
G
dG
G
dG
dG dG G
G
G
.
dG
dG G
G G G G G
G
G
dG
d dG
G
dG
d
dG dG
G
dG
G
dG G G
dG
dG dG dG
34
dG
dG
d d
dG dG
d dG
2000
dG
d
dG G G G
G
.(G2010 dG)
d
dG G
G dG G G
G
dG
dG
d dG
G
dG
dG
G dG
d . dG
dG G
G G
d
G
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
d dG
G
d
G G dG dG
d
. d dG
G
d G
dG
dG
G d G d G
G
G
dG
dG
G
G dG
dG dG
. dG
dG
G
I h dG
dG
dG
dG G dG
dG
G G
) 2009 d dG
G
G G G G (G2009
G
G
2011/2010 d dG G
dG
G
G d dG dG
dG
G dG d
dG G G
dG
d dG
G
2010 d d
G G G
d dG
G G
G
.
dG
d dG
d dG
dG dG
d
dG %21.3 G G
G
.%19.8
%18.6
d d dG
%25.9
G
d %4.7
G
d %12.8
d
d %16.3
d %24.8
d %9
d %28.3
.(2007
dG dG)
dG dG
G
G
G
dG G
d G dG
. d dG
G dG
dG
dG
G G dG G
G
dG
G
G
G
G dG
G
G
G O
e G
EG A dG
Q e
A dG
CG . dG
e e dG
G ddG
34
G kdG K|7
G
dG
G
G d
G G
G G
G
d
G
dG d dG dG
G dG
dG
G
G
d
dG
G d
G G
G dG
d .
G
dG
.d
G
G G G G
.
1993
1973
62
44
dG dG
dG d
. dG
dG
d .
G
d .
dG
dG G G
GdG
dG
.
G
G
. G
dG
G
dG
G dG G
G dG G dG G
G
dG G
G G . dG
dG
G
dG dG
dG G
G dG
dG
G
dG
dG
G
G dG dG
G
G
dG
d d
dG G G
G G
G
G
G
dG
G
G dG
G dG dG
d d
G dG dG
dG G G
G
dG
G
dG G G
G
G dG
dG
dG G dG
dG
2010
ddG QG EG
Y , dG H
G dG dG
,dG Q dG
NEG Rh A
dG dG
CG
G Q G
d dG e
e EG dGh
G
dG
G d dG
e HdG
Q e e
Y dG hdH
63
G
d
dG
d
dG
dG
G dG
d . G G
dG
dG
G G
dG G d
G
dG
dG
dG d dG
G
.
G
d d
27
ANdG dO
G
d dG G
G
G
G
G GG
dG
G
G
dG
G
dG
G G
dG G
G
d G
G dG
.
G
dG
dG
dG
G
dG dG G
G
.
G
dG 3-4
. dG d
dG
dG
dG
dG G
G
d 115
dG
dG
31 30
d
dG
G
dG dG G dG
( d 12)
dG dG
G
105 100
dG
dG 15 9
dG d
.
89 84
(3-4
G)
dG d
G
G
G
dG
dG
dG
G
G dG
dG
G G G
dG
G
.
G G G G G
dG G
d dG dG dG
d G
dG
385
d
dG
G G
dG G dG
2015
dG
. G G
G
dG
d G dG
dG %60
G G
dG
dG
dG
G
.
G
G
G
G
dG
dG G G
G
GG
G
G
G
G d dG
dG
G G G
G
G . dG
G d
G
G
G G
G
dG G dG
GG G
d
G
d
G
G
d dG d
dG
d
d
G
. dG
G dG
G
dG d dG
G d
G
G
.
d
d d
G
G dG
G G
G
dG G
G
dG dG)
.(2007
dG eCG
dG
dG
dG G
G
dG
dG
dG
G
dG
dG
G
G
G
G
dG G G
dG
dG dG dG
34
H|dG Kd $1|dG d2
GQOe
YCG
UdGh
CG
O G
dhdG
e Y
ANdG
e
(dhO 110
38
24
30
30
55
36
31
20
31
50
41
50
45
49
48
71
49
65
49
48
28
49
100
69
70
93
63
68
35
62
83
105
65
51
42
42
70
93
74
74
101
93
67
72
90
79
45
79
75
99
86
52
74
79
92
71
83
99
82
89
79
51
92
83
70
84
95
109
77
69
63
78
84
72
89
21
92
108
92
107
109
91
83
100
79
107
96
94
102
103
106
99
105
G GC Q
Y G
G
dG
eCG
eCGh
e G
dG
dG
36
54
24
35
34
28
34
29
36
69
91
44
18
103
13
G IQGOEG
2011 G/
dG
G
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG dG
G
dG
dG
dG
G
G
. dG
.
G
d
dG
dG
G
.
G G
G
G G
dG G
G G G
d d G
G
G
G
dG
G G
G G
G G
G
G G
G .
G d G
G
dG
.
G
dG
dG
dG
dG G
G
G G G
d
dG dG
dG
dG
G
dG
G
dG G
G
.
dG G
dG
28
2011/2010 d dG G
G
dG
23
G
G
http:// www.prosperity.com
dG
G G
.
U h
dG d d
dhdG
G
dG
dG
dG
dG
d G
G
dG
HY G H
dG G
dG dG
dG
G
G
dG G
.
G
G G G
G
G dG
G
.
G
G
dG
G
G
dG
G d
d d dG dG
G
G
G G
dG
.GdG d
G dG
dG dG
G
dG
G
dG
G
G
G
G
G
64
dG
G G
. G
2007
dG
dG) G G
(
G 508)
dG
dG G
.(2010
d
G G G
G
G dG
dG G
G
dG G G
G
G
G
G G
dG
G d
G
%55
dG G dG
dG
G
d G
G G
%59 G
6
G
%41 G
dG
G G
dG
G
12
%56
30
G
G
.
G
G
d
dG
G
G G dG
d G 2007-2000 dG %26
dG %99 G G d
G
dG
dG
d
.%45
d G dG
G
dG
G
G
dG
G dG
dG
G
G
GdG dG
dG
G
d
G
G G
G
G
dG
GdG
G
G
dG
dG
G
dG
. dG d
d
dG G dG
dG
dG
d
G
G G
G
G
G
d G
dG G
G
G
dG
G
G . dG d
G
GdG G dG
G . G
dG G
dG
G dG
d
G
G G
d . dG G
G dG
dG G
d G
G
G
d GdG
G G dG
G
.(2010 dG) 2007
%99 G
G dG
G
dG
G dG
dG
G
G
29
dG dG
e G
dG dG
FGHG dH
GQCG
e dG
Y %97
%73 EG 1999
2007 Y
YG dG H
NdGh
h dG
F dG
dGh
IQGRh
hdGh dG
OG H F EG
d G NG
dG Gh Y
O h GdG
IO R
edG OGYCG
e H G
U Hh , QGG
s FGHG
65
d
dG
dG
%47
dG
dG
G
%64
.(2003
dG
G G
dG
G
dG
%37
dG
%50
dG
G G G
G
G
dG
G
G
G
G
dG dG
G
G G
dG G
G G d G
G G
d
G G
G
dG
dG G
dG
G G
d dG
dG G d
G
%97) %94 2010
dG
G
%90
dG
G G d
G d G
2007
G %79
dG %80
%95
G
dG %90) %92
dG
G
G
G G .%46 dG
G G
d
G G
G dG
G
G
dG
G
G d
dG d G
1999
%97
dG G G
G dG
2007
%73
G
dG
dG
dG
.( 2010 dG
dG
dG 2003
GdG
dG dG G
G
G
G
dG
dG
dG
G
G d
G G G G G
d G . GdG
G dG
G dG
G
GdG
G
dG
G
G G
G
G
. G
G
dG
d dG
G
dG
dG
d
G GdG
d 2006
%17.5
d
G %50.5
dG
d dG
%95
G
. dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
G dG
44 dG
G
G G
.
G
G G
dG
G
d dG
G
G
dG G G
dG
dG dG dG
G G
.
G
G G
G . G
dG
G
G
G G
dG
G d . G
G
. G dG
G
G
G G G dG G dG G
.
d
G G dG
G d G
dG dG
2005
1.6 G
G dG
G dG
G
dG G
G
G
G dG d dG
dG
dG
G 3.3
G
34
. (2005)
G
G
d
dG
G d G G
G dG
G G
G
%48
G
%39
d d
G d G
G %23
dG
%66
G G dG
d
.(2010 dG) %33
dG
dG dG
G G
dG
dG
G
G G G
dG
.
G
dG
G
dG G G
dG
G G G dG
G
dG
dG
G
G
. G
G G
G
G G
G
dG
G
.
G dG dG
( G O G dO
G
G
dG
G
dG
dG d
G
. dG
dG
dG
G G G G
G G
G
dG
G
G G
dG G G
G
.
G
G
G
2011/2010 d dG G
G
G G
dG
d dG
dG
G dG
G
G
d
G
G
dG
G
G dG
G G
G G
G G d G
dG
G
dG
G
31
. dG
dG
G
%47 d dG
G
d
G
d dG G
. dG
G
(%41
dG
(%66
. dG
G
dG
dG
G
dG d
G
dG
dG
G
dG G dG
365
G G %43 dG
G
dG G dG
.
dG G G
G
G d
G G G dG
d d
.
G
G G
3.6
.
1.3
G G dG
dG
dG G
G dG G G G
G dG G G
. dG
G
G %19
2009
G/ G
dG
G
G
dG
G
G G
.%27 G
G G G
dG
G
.
dG
G
G
G
G
dG
%75
G
dG
32
G
. dG
G
2011
G/
dG G
G G
dG
G
d G G G
d
dG
G
G
.
G
dG
33
G
G
G dG
.
G
G G
G dG G
G G
G
1.8
G dG
G
G
. 18
d G
G .
G G
dG G G
dG
dG
e dG
e CG e
, Y e CG
EG OCG
e Gh QGG
EG
d
Y h G CG
I G CG
UC ,Q QGO
dG e
. Gh
, QGG UCGh
e HCG ,I G H
U dG Y
e e EG
dHh . G
h G
Y Q QGO hCGh
GO dG
66
54
dG dG
d dG
G 2006-2001
G
G
G
G
dG .2006
d
dG
dG
dG
d
G
G
G G
GG . G G
G
dG
G
G
G
G
G
. dG
G
G
d dG
G
dG
d
dG
2006
eCGh eCG EG
G Y IhY
QG Gh
CG e
dG
G
H
dG
% 25
dG
G
dG
d G
G d G
G
dG
7.5 5
.
G
dG
G dG
%25
G d
5
G 2.5
dG
G
d
dG
dG dG
.
G G
dG
%25
G
G d
G
G
dG
2.5
d G
.
G dG
G
dG
.
G G
dG
2006
4-4
G
dG
dG
G
G
G
.
dG d
dG
G
G dG
G
d
G
dG
G
d
dG
G dG
G
G
G
(10 1)
dG
GG
17
2000
G
dG G G
G
dG G
6.73
dG G
dG dG
.
1.47
G dG G d
G G dG
G
G d
d
G
dG % 25 G
% 35
G
d G
. G G7
G d
dG
.
44
dG
dG
2010
67
G/
23
dG
http://info.worldbank.org/etools/kam2/.AM_page5.asp/4
dG G G
dG
dG dG dG
dG
G dG
dG
G
G
dG G
G d
G
d .
G G
G G
G d
dG
G
G
G dG
G
G
(2.71
G
.(2.58
G
G G
G
dG dG G
G
G
d dG dG dG
. dG
dG
G
dG
dG
dG
dG
G
dG
d
G
dG
G
G dG
dG
d
dG
G G
dG G dG G
dG
. d
G
G
dG d
G
G
.
G
G G
G
G
G
G dG
.
G
d G
d
G
G G
G
G
dG
dG
G
G
dG
dG
G
d G
G
G
G
dG
G
.
d
d
.
G
2001
G G dG
G
G
dG
G dG dG
.(5.21) dG
G
G (4.26)
dG
G G
G
dG dG
d G G
9.10 G 9.52
d G
G d
G
44
-GK eG I- < G
PC
Fe d
eN
G
dG e G
100 d d
dhdG dG
100 d e d
dG dG %
dG dG
dG
dG dG
100 d HdGh
33.1
12.4
65.2
100
242
G 32
dG G
G
15.7
8.1
34.0
100
152
38
74.6
14.2
51.9
100
214
dG 39
--
1.4
36.7
100
126
dG 47
--
0.2
5.1
71
93
d 53
68.3
4.2
31.5
98
163
dG 55
9.8
2.2
27.1
100
95
81
7.2
2.2
27.0
99
99
G 82
3.9
0.9
16.6
95
65
8.8
0.1
17.3
96
52
111
5.7
1.5
33
98
82
G 114
2.8
0.0
1.6
68
21
dG 133
3.8
0.3
2.3
85
15
147
10.7
0.1
10.2
66
30
2010 dG
2011/2010 d dG G
e
dG
dG
dO dG
dG dG
G
dG
101
dG 154
G
68
64
dG dG
hdG Y
G HdG
H H
e e
Y ,
G G Y
G
69
G
G
G
G G
G
d
.
G
G (International Privacy) d dG
G
dG dG
G
dG
G
d dG
dG
G
dG G dG
G
dG G dG
.
G G d
dG
G
G
G
G
G
G
G dG
d
G
dG
G
G
.
G d
G
dG dG G dG G dG
dG
d
d
G
G G
G . G
G
G
dG
G
d
G
G
dG
dG
dG
%5
%9
dG
dG
G
%0 G
G G
%20
dG G
G dG
%17
G
G %32 G
35
G
. %19 G dG
G 4-4
G
d
dG
G
dG
dG
dG
dG
G
G
.
G
G
G
d d dG
dG
G
dG G dG dG
G . dG
G G
G dG
G dG dG
G
G dG
d
. G
G G
. dG
dG
G d
G
G
G
G
dG
G
G G
.
G
dG
G 2008
dG
dG
dG
G
d
. G dG
G
.%0.23
%0.09
dG
G
dG
G dG %2.52
%3.46
%3.21
G
%2.72
.%1.34
G %4.86 G G
dG dG G G dG dG
G dG
dG G
dG
G
%3
G
G G .
dG
dG
G
G
dG G
G
dG
G dG G
dG G G
dG
dG dG dG
2011/2010 d dG G
70
dG dG
dd
dG
Y
Y A G
edG e
QGh
e Y
h
UCGh G
CGdG
dG
G G dG
FdGh GAGLEG :aG
G G
a G
d
G dG
dG
dG
G
G
G G
dG
dG G G
. G dG
dG G
. G G
dG
G
. G
a d
d
dG
G
dG
dG
;d G G G
G
dG
dG G
dG
G
. dG
G
G
dG
G
G
G
dG
G G G
dG
dG
d
G G G G .
G
a G
G
dG
`
G
dG G G
dG
G
G G
G
dG G G
G
dG dG
dG
dG G G
G dG
dG
G
dG dG
G
dG G
G
dG dG
G G
G
G . G
G
dG
G
dG d
. dG
G G
G
d
dG G
G
dG
dG
G
d
dG
dG G d
G
;aG
G dG
G
G
15
dG
{ekd eT dG cdG
eT dG cdG
,|7G cdG
64G
,|7G cdG
,|6CG
c7dG
dGK G4G ue
$G4%G k6G
(c7dG H|ee
(n )G< <
()G< <
k6G
|6CG 9KCG
k6G 1 e
(dG
(,ke <
71
dG G G G G
dd
dG
G G
dG dG dG
hG h L hG
:
d
dG h
hG
;a G dG G
hG G :
d EG dG
; EG
:G EG
hG dG G
hG LEG
G
dG h dG
. h dG
a G EG
d : dG
t
G G
G dG
: ddG G G
d d G G
G G G G G dG
G hG
G G EG G ... hG
dG
G h
; G h
dG A d d G G
G G
dh
h
hG G
; dG
G dG
dG d d G G
G
G
G
dG G
G dG
. h
QNG O H U I G G
L G h G
G G
G G
a Gh .37 G
G
dG G G
G
.aG EG
dG G
a G G
EG a
aG
G AG G
h G
G
dG LGh G L dGh
d G d
G dG
h .aG A h dG h
L
G
G
d
G d G dG hG d
dG
G Gh dG EG
G L d
FG G
dGh a G G
.
dG dGh G
G h
h
: G G
2011/2010 d dG aG
dG G d G d G h
G FdG
G G Ea h
dG G EG h dG
. Gh dG L dG
d dG
dG G G F d d G
a dG dG
Gh
dG dLEG dG
. G G G
G dG hCG dG
Gh G
Gh
d
: dG h
dG G ah
Ghh d d
G GdG
G G G
dG
d G dG dG G
G G
dG h
G AG G G
dG hGOCG
edG GQe QNG
Y Y QG dG CG OG
QNG
dG
G G
hG
G G ah
G G a
G G
dG
dG
h dG
36
. h
d h
a G (Items A G
: G h dGh G L
G : G LG
t
G G
G G
dG EG
h dG
. dG dG G G d
dG G : dG A
t
G G G dG
FdG
G dG
dG LEG h
G Gh G
: G dG
h . G h
e dG CG
GQdG
,GQG H
O H U
h eCG dG
e
Q H dG H EG
G e
GQ Gh
Qe e
GQ h Y e
72
15
T D|G G4G
O dG Uh
dG dG
FGh h :1 G h
d
:2 G h
a a dG G dG dG
h Lh
LG
: G h
dG G dG a : G
G EG h h dG
eh IQG
dG G Gh G dGh G
G
h G
G G
dG h
dG
GdG AG EG dG
... a
dG G Gh G dGh G
E G
a dG G h
G dG
h dG
G
Gh dG
... G
dG G Gh G dGh G
G d
d
G
dGh G
G
... G a
: G h
dGh h G G G G : G
F
h
a
dG G Gh G dGh G
L d dG G G
G
h G
dG
F hh Gh G a
G G G F dG
G G
... L d dG
G G : G h
G Gh
EGh dG
dG G
dG
hG G dG : ah dG
G a
L
h G G
AGLEG dG G dG ; dG
AGh dG L
d
d dG G dG
G
dG
d Gh
.AGh dG G a dG G
d
G h GQe
G dG a :
h
dG L
aG / dG aG h h
.(2-5 h G) d
dGh
IQG
dG
G
h
G dG
dG
G G
dGh dG
L d d
G
d
e GQe
: d
h . G Gh a G
G dGh h G
dG
dG G Gh G h dG
. 1-5 h G G L d d
dG
d
: h G
dG d
FGh
AG LEG G a
25
T IG/dG G4G
O dG Uh
eh IQG
d G G a
.
dG
EG
dG G Gh
dG
a
d G
dG dG h
dG
G dG
G
dG d
G EGh
73
EGh Gh
A d
dG dG h dG
aG dG
G
IQG
dG L dG G Gh G dGh G
G d G
/LG G Gh
... G :G dG
d G dG G Gh G dGh G
dG G dG
G L
aG
/ dG
.38G dG EG dG/ dG h dG
d Gh hG
d G L dG G Gh G dGh
G
G EGh G G G
d h h dGh
dGh
d F G F dG a dhG
Gh
G G
G
... aG EG
G G
a
h G dG
/ dG aG
aG
dG
d
dG dG dG
d aG dG
GHCG
e Y
EG
aG EG
G LG
dG
dGh
G G
dG
G dG :
Gh
dG LG
Gh h Gh G G G G
dG
dGh G dG G G L
d
d
.(3-5 h G) dG G
:Y G GQ```e
Gh G
35
T <k/G G4G
O dG Uh
eh IQG
aG
a G
G G
h
G G
a
Ea
. dG
dGh d
EG
G G
G h
EG
Ea LG G
a
G dG
A G
dG d h G
. G
EG
G dG G
E dG dG G Gh G dGh G
dG dG dG G h h h
dG hG dG G dG d dG Gh G EG
... EGh dG d G GdG
d dG dG G Gh G dGh G
G G dG Gh Gh G
G d L
... G GaG
dG G dG G EG dh Gh
G
G
G
IH
d dG dG G Gh G dGh G
G
A Gh dG
... G G
G dG d
e Y
G dG
G dG
G L
a
G dG
G
dG
G dG
G G
G G dG
G
at
2011/2010 d dG aG
IQG
G dG G
dGh G
74
: G
G a
dG d G
aht
dG
E
G Ga dG Gh G
dG dG
GaG
dG
h LG
G
C N
dG GQG
dG
E` ,IO H G
G dG G G
GhOCG
H G Rh
edGh dG
e h e
C Gh dG
h d G G ; Gh G
dG dG G
G
dd G
h G L hG a
2006 d
G . d hG
G G
hG A G L aG h
A GG
G G G G
G dG G
dG G
hG G Gh . LGh G L dGh aG
EG G EG G G A
d h
dEG dG h dG
G h
dG EG dG a
EG
dG h EG LEG
.4-5 h
G a dG G . Gh
dG G
dG
G h
EG
G dG : dG
dG dG LG dGh G Gh G
G G dG dG dG FG dG G
d . G
Gh G G
dG
dG G dG G G
h
L
EG h
EG dG
G
dG
G A G
a
dG dGh d
G EG
. G G Gh
G 74 dG G h
G L dGh a G : G
G dG
a dG
G . dGh LGh
G G
dG
d
G
. dG dG
G Lh
hG
h dG
G GE EG
h
a EG d
G G G
dG
d EG EG
a G
h
hG
LG h
.
edG e
dG aG G G a
LEG dG a
G
h G L dG G G E a dG G
G Gh G
dG
d h
G d d
. Gh dG dG
G A L d d
d dG G h L
dG
h.
hG d
G
dG L
EG
h
G
G EG G G G G
hG
G
h .
aG L dG
AG G
dG L dG G G
d h
G Gh Ea
45
dG M5Y G dG G
G G / d dGh G Gh G G G G G
:A dG / G
G dG G
/... Gh GdG : G G G / dG dG
G dG / G dG h / G Gh dG
G G G EG / G
G / LG
/ dG
75
G dG dG G
G dG / dG dG / Gd dG
dG G G / G /
dG
LG d dG / FdGh
/
dG dG / G G
/ G dG dG /G dG dG
G dG G
/ G EGh G h / EGh aG
/ dG G G /G G G
LG /
G d dG G
G dG / dGh dG d G / Gh
dG / dG
G G
dG dG dG
dG
GHCG
LQH
LQH
LQH
LQH
GhCG
e
GhCG
%0
% 25
% 50
CG
O CG
%75
GhCG
G dG
%100
G
G
G dG
Lh h
EG G d G
aGhG
d h .
L h G
dG dG G
d
d G LG d
. G dGh
dG dGh G
a G G G
: G a a G
G G dG G d a G
dG G
G
LGh Gh a G h G
; h
d G G
dG G h
G dG
d d h
G d
dG h
dG
. G d h G dG G
dG
G EG
G dG
d FdG G
G
G L
dG
A hG FG
Gh dG Lh dG
.
dG
EG
G
dG
edG GQ G
dG dG
aG A dG
AG G A G G
G
dG F
G
h
dG
a
h a
dG dG
LGh h a aG
L
G dG
a
dG h . h h
d dG
55
G
AGQG ddG
edG
dG dG
eh H G
e d
Oe Ge
Y Gh h
h
G
G dG
dG
dG
a hG LGG A G
dG UY Y eCG
dG h dGh dG
G
h dG dG F dG a
G h G L d dG
d G dG A dG
G
d h G a
EG aG
d G dG aG dG
dG hG dG G G
G
dG
hG d G G
dG
d a
2011/2010 d dG aG
dG
h dG dG dG a
aG
d
G a
G
d
aG
d aG a
76
65
dG
dG
dG dG
A EG
G Lh
dG dG
a
G
G h
F h
L dG
A G G d
G
dG
LGh
G
F
... G
GE G h Lh
dG
dG
dG dG a
F a
G
LGh dG dG a
75
dG
... Gh GdGh dG G
hG
LG d
EG
dGh G dG
h GdG
G dG
G h G a
d h G a
G G G EG G
h A Gh
EG F h h G
LG dGh
Gh G G
d dG
h
h
d a h
d d A dG G EG
A G EG G
.aG
dG G
G G
dG L EG
G
dG
d h dG
F
G
EG
h
h
h a G
. d G
G d G dG
QNG Y QG dG CG OG
O dG
: ddG G A dG G
G dG dEG
39
G h
aGh F dG
d
h dG
. dG dG Gh
77
Lh
GE h
G
G G
G
hG G
dG LEG G
L
G G d
a/
h dGh G dG a
/ a
G a EG
dGh d G
. d
h
dG
dG
EG hG
aG
hG
G
G
QG GQ G
dG dG
L EG
G G
FG Gh
G G
h G
dG
G G
dG dG dG
G
dG
L G G
G
h aG
G h
G .
Gh
d G h dG
G G d
EG
Ea G Gh G G G
dh
. L
dG Y
edG Y
dG
dG
G dG a G
G
dG G G dG
F
G
dh dG G
G/ G d G G
G/ dG G E G/ h
G
FG
h . dG/A
G G dG
dG FG dG h . dG dG
G dG dG G G
hG dG
G
. G dG G G h
G L
EG
G
. G d FdG
dG G
G FGLEG
dGh dG G G h
G
G Gh G G A G
dGh dh
G G
dGh
dG
d G G dG a G dG
G hG
dGh G
: h
6415 G
G
dG h . Gh
.8-5 h
G
G G dG
h
EG
h
h
dG
dG hG h
dG
dG
%8.9 h
G %1
dG
. EG d d G EG
QG Y
EG G L
dG G
dG
dG dh
G G
dG G d h G
2011/2010 d dG aG
aG G G dG
dG
a
G G G
G dGh G dG
.aG dG LG G EG
QG G O H dG
dG
G G G
Gh
dG G
dGh Gh
dG G G F
h dG
dG G
A G L EG
F dGh G F G
h
. ... dG h dGh dG
L IGOCG Q
Y e
CGQ Y dG
G eh QG
G
e
e Y eh
Gh
U N e
Gh G
G
h G d G G dG d
G
dGh G G
G
G
a hG a dG
d d h hG d / dG A
G hG
dG G dG
h
G .
G
EG
G Gh G
G G h
G L d
dG
dG d G
G dG EG d d
G aG Gh G d d G d h .G
LG
h.
G
.d
d G G dGh dG
Pear G
a
L G
dG son . a G L
G
dG
h EGh
dG Fh h G G EG
G Lh
F EG
. dG Gh
dGh G G F
dG G
h
G G h
dGh L G Gh d F dG
h . G
d
G
hG G 2010 / G
G EGh G
G
0.359
a G G G
d h dGh
0.596 h G L dGh G 541
G G
G
dG
h
a dG G LGh G L dG .
h Gh G
G
hG
LGh G L dG dG 0.384 a LG h G h
dGh G L dG dG 0.636h d
Gh G
A
dG
EG h G
. dG G . G F
G d G dG F
EG
EG dG
d
A
G dG G
d L
Gh G
dG dG
G L d dGh G dG
G d G dG
L Gh
G G
EG d d
a h Gh G
dGh
G G dG
:
d a dG G
dG G
Gh dhG
h . F
hG dG Alpha Cronbach
h
EG
0.761 h G L dG G G 0.632
Edumetric
h EG
G G h aG G G
. dG
78
85
dG dG
dG
GQeEG
OQCG
dG
3069
860
725
629
855
%47.8
%49.8
%46.1
%45.7
%49.09
3346
864
849
746
887
%52.2
%50.2
%53.9
%54.3
%50.91
6415
1724
1574
1375
1742
EG
G
64G -
G
dG
GQeEG
OQCG
505
117
147
138
103
%100
%23.2
%29.1
%27.3
%20.4
d h LG G
G G dG G
G FdG dG L G h . d
. dG
EG L
dG dG F
h
dG G :(Edumetric h EG)
G h G d dG
EGh dG G h . dG
a G G
G
dG G a A G
h
AG G
dG G Ea
h G d h dG
L G h . G EG
G 0.793 h 0.632
hG dG dG
h . h dG EG G G h
h dG G EG
Gh G
h
d
G ) G d EG dG
0.80 h 0.47
hG
(2006
LG G dGh (0.68 h
41
) h hG
h
hG
.(0.56 h
0.70 h 0.36
dG a
dG G EG G h
a h dG G G
G
dG
dG
dG G G
L
EG dh d h
dG G
. G h
a EG
d G G h
79
L G
FG dG A G
.
dG
G G
G
d
GQdG Oh
A G : dG A G
h G
dG
40
G h .
dG
dG G
dh dG G
dG dG
dG
d
G G dG
. h
dG G G
d
LdG FdG Ea d d h
dG
h G dG
a
h dG h dG h dG
.
G
G L dG G G F h
G
aG G d a : dGh LGh
dG LEG
dG
G G
G G
EG LGh G L dG
dG
dG
d
d .G
h
G
d
G
G L d GAGLEGh
h dG Gh G
G h G h h
d
d h G
G dG
dG
G G Ea
h L
G G
dG dG dG
G d
dG
dG EG d
G
G
G
dGh
G d
G Gh d dG L dG
d
G
G GaG a hG
dG L dG L EG G
.
dG
EG d
d G dG G G
G L
L
dG
G G
dG G
dG
AG d G
EG 0 :
EG
d d 25
AG G 4 h a 4
G
G G L
:aG d d
%75]
e C
LQdG
dG
% 50]
]%75
%25]
]%50
%25 hO
LQdG
e
LQdG e LQdG e
dG
dG
dG
G dG
dGh EG dh
T Stu-)
F
EG G h dent Test
dG L dG
h
dG G
h dG d
d G dG
a G G L
dh .
dG
G a dGh
F EG G h ANOVA)
d
d
G G
dG G dG
d G . h dG
G G
dGh G G
F EG
h (Regression)
h h G dG dG G G G A G
. Gh
dG
G
dG
G G
h
dG
G L d dG G
G d . L d dGh
Ea
dG
.
G GQG
G
2011/2010 d dG aG
Gh
h
dG
d
G
G
G
d
dG
dG F Y : dG dG
dG FdG
G
h G G
dG dEG aG
G
Lh d G
G EG
dG
G dh
Gh d dEG LdG h
h E a G dG F
L 3 EG G Ld
:
EG L dG : L t
aG G G dGh G
.aG EG d G
EG
LdG : L t
dG dh dG G dG EG
G EG EG dG G dG a
Gh G G
G
G
dG EG
.
h hG
EG LdG : L t
G d G G h dG h
G G d
h
dG G d
LGh G h
. a h
G G
dG F EG
: G a FdG AG d dEG
95
h G
G dG
LQO CG
LQO UCG
QG G G
H G G
100 e
72.94
1.19
12.02
34.06
72.45
3.61
11.54
32.91
71
10.86
36.33
64.49
3.57
10.16
27.72
72.94
11.61
32.67
G
G EG
G
dG
dG dG
80
25
dG
dG dG
LQdG
G
G GQG
e %8.2
edG Y OG CG
dG
36.33 h 27.72
e G GQG
eh e G Y dG IQet
9.37
G G dG
hG
h G 10.53h dG
G h 25 9.88 h
dG
G
dG
dG G
h
G
dG L dG
G
dG
Gh h G d
h .25 12.5
G LG EG
dG d G G dG
dG dG h
A dG
h G
dG G
G A
dG
G G G G G dG h
. G dG
dG d G
G EG
d dG
h
dG G hG
dEG
G
G Y EG
edG
dG G
e OCG G
G GQG
UG Qh dG
dG
O CG C e
G eCG
81
G aG G G
h
G
h .32.67 h
G
dG
G G G dG
d h
dG
50 L
G G G Ea .AG dG
L G E d G G 100
a G G G
G
G
d h dG
G E a
L dG
G L 17
a a 50 G G
%8.2
h .
dG
dG G
dG
G G dG G
dG G h dG aG G G
G
G
h
h G dG d G
G G
aG
. d a Gh
10 5
CG
LQO UCG
QG G G
H G G
25 e
20.24
3.59
10.00
20.24
3.71
9.65
G EG
19.05
3.58
10.53
20.24
3.35
9.37
dG
20.24
3.58
9.88
dG dG
G G
dG dG dG
hG
G
aG
h h
L
dG dGh . dG h F
aG G
G G EG
dG a . h L EGh
h AG
G
hG
dEG G EG h d
G
G dG
G
dGh dG
G
G h
G h
h d G
dG E
d
.da
G dG G
d Gh
G dG h
G
h dG G G
dG
h
G A aG
h
dG d a G G G
A
a L
. G dGh h G
G
G
IQe
h
FdG
EG
dG dG
G
dG
G
dG
G dG
hG a . dG
h h G 8.09 h dG 5.89
Lh G
25
6.66 dG
G
G a
dG d
dGh
AG LEGh
G
h G
G
G
dEG
dG
h . d
h a 1994
G
hdG
G dG 42 dG G
G
G dGh dGh G
d dG G hh F dG AG
G EG G AG d
.aG
G G
G a
dG
dG
EGh ah
a
Gh
hh
G G
G
dG G dGh aG
dG G dh G
dd. G
dG d h dG dG
h
2009
G h PISA
FdG
h . dG
dG G
G
EG ; G dG G dG
G GG
h dG
G
EGh d G G dG F h
AL a . G G
h PISA G
h
h Gh
a G G
dh dG G
G G Gh h G a
dGh dGh h dGh EGh
. G
dGh G
dGh
. dG dG
dG
dG G
G d G h
5.12
G d G h d dG dG
. dG G dG
d h G G EG a G
G h
d d
hG : G
d
dG
G d dG
h
LQO UCG
QG G G
e H G G
25
25
6.34
5.38
25
5.39
25
4.84
5.29
25
5.11
4.79
25
5.47
5.12
2011/2010 d dG aG
F
GG G
Y
HdG GQG
d dG Q
d dG
G
HdG UG dG IQet
11-5
LQO
F
e d G GQdG
G H GQO CG e
U N
edG GQe
FG dG
G
G EG
G
dG
dG dG
H IQe
CG U dG
AG IQe Y
H , eh
Rh d
dEG e G EG
CG hGR e
Y
e UG dG
NG
82
3-5
dG
G EG
aG
G
aG G
aG
G
aG
dG
aG G
aG
15
10
5
Q G CG
CG dG Qh
IQ ddG
CG EG , G
Gh
edG d
h G dG
d
G
GG
G
dGh G
G G
dG
a
dG
G
dG dG
d
G
d
dG
dG
h
dG dG
aG
dG/
dG
d
dG G
dG G
h
dG
dG
dG
dG
h G G G
d
G
FG
G
d
G
dGh
G dG
dG dG a
aG
dG
dG/
aG G
20
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
.43 dGh G h
d G G dG GdG G G
G
d dG G Gh G a
dG d a Gh
G EG
Gh G EG h
G
G
G G G
EG
d Gh dG G EG d L
. Gh G dG
dG h
dG
dGh dG
a.
G
F dG
dG dG
G G
G
dG
dG G G
G FG
h dG
dG
h d
G
EG h dGh a dG
A G G G G
dG
12-5
G T0 ,4 8G 8dG MG
(25 (G 0 e dG /4dG vKG-
LQO
83
G h
G dG
a
dG
G
dG
d
G
dG
G h dG
dG
a
dG
GG
dGh
d
hG G
d dG
dG G
h
G
dG
dG/
dG/
d G
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
d
hG G
d
dG G
d
G
F
d
G
GG
G
dG G
dGh G
dG G dG d G
h a
dG
dG
G
a
G h G
G
dG a
d
G
h
dG
d
G
dG dG
25
20
15
10
5
0
aG G
CG
LQO UCG
QG G G
H G G
25 e
22.22
4.01
6.56
OQCG
22.22
3.81
6.09
GQeEG
25
4.72
8.09
19.44
3.61
5.89
dG
25
4.15
6.66
dG dG
G G
dG- dG dG
13-5
CG
LQO UCG
QG G G
e H G G
25
21.72
3.89
12.10
22.13
3.92
12.15
20.9
3.62
12.41
20.28
3.71
7.67
22.13
4.29
11.00
dG
L d dG G G IQe
G G Gh
. L h
AGOCG e H hdG
G GQG
dG
G
G G h
Lh
G dG
G
dG
aG
.4-5 dG
Lh F
EG
dG
G h
dG G F EG dG ha
EGh a . G G d
d h a h Ea dG
d d hG G d d
G G
h.
d
dG G
G G
hG L d dG G G :
h G
dG h
G
G EG
G
dG
dG dG
11
dG dG
h . G G
%61.2)
G
12.5 h L
dG G
G G
G
GdG
h
dG G a Lh
G h dG
G
dG
(25
h h L d d
h aG
.
G G dG Gh
G G G EG (2003 dG)
(19-14) a
d
EG G
G
h
dG
G dG hG
a dG
dG
G Gh LG
h G dG
hG
dG d
dG
dG h
G
G dG
h dG
dG
4-5
dG
2011/2010 d dG aG
84
5-5
dG
dG dG
dG dG
dG
G
G G
G
%0
%25
eG h
edG
G G IQ
CG L d dG
IQ Q e
H dG HdG
Q G H IOe
R eQh d CG
UG
h d eG
Y IQ
d h
L
L dG LEG
Gh %25
G dG
L dG %50
Gh %50
L dG %75
G hG %75
L
L dG
%50
dG
dG
dG
26.8
15.2
44.3
27.8
65.9
65.2
73.1
53
64.1
10.2
11.7
2.7
8.1
OQCG
GQeG
23.9
(2007
G
dh dG
G AG G
dG
dG
G L h
%0 h
G %5 h
%6 : dG
%1 h
%3 : dG . G
LEGh . G %0 h
G
dG
%1 G F dG
G
G h
dG
dG
dG
%6
G
dG
%0
dG h dG
G
dG
dG
dG
G h dG
%7
dG
dG G G
G
dG
E
G dG
G G
dG dGh dG G G
dG
F
a
. dG dG
dG
dG G
e G GQG
dG G
d
d d G
a
a
85
%100
h d G
h
G h h . G dG G dG
G G dG EG
G L d dG G
G
dG dG
d G G
h d G
. d h
h
GQG
e edG L e
G
G GQG
G G ah
dG
dG G
G A G
G
dG
G
G G dG G
EG
G G
. a G
G G h .
L
dG
aG d d aG G
dG
dG d dG d a
.(%91.9)
dG F dG
G G
dG- dG dG
14-5
GdG
0.6
24.5
58.3
16.6
0.4
22.8
56.0
20.8
G EG
0.5
31
55.5
13
0.3
17.8
61.5
20.4
dG
0.5
23.9
58
17.6
dG dG
15-5
GdG
3.4
46.2
42.8
7.6
44.3
44.1
7.6
G EG
4.3
44.5
46.9
4.3
0.3
10.9
51.9
36.9
dG
2.9
35.9
46.5
14.7
dG dG
dG dG
dG GE dG LEG L
dG G
G
a
G G
aG G d
GG
d
dG d G
a Gh aG EG
d
G
h . d
G
a G G
dEG
G
a dG
h G h dG
G dG dG G
: h dLEG dG
EG d dG G Gh G
h G dG dG G
GL G G
. L a
G dG
EG d G
G h dG
h L dG dG
G G G G
16-5
edG
GQ d eG
CG G
dG Q dH
H d
e EG
G
Q Gh
dH
GdG
5.5
9.7
19.5
65.3
2.8
8.3
19.5
69.4
G EG
0.8
27.4
62.8
7.7
22
68.3
dG
2.8
8.7
22.1
66.4
dG dG
2011/2010 d dG aG
86
17-5
dG dG
LQEG
G GQG
G EG
IF dG dG
Y F dG
dGh dG
L EG
dG dG
d
Q Gh
e CG e
GL dG GQG
EG
, G G
Y GO
E
e Q O Lh
dG OG G
dG dGh
AH e
G Q
dG Y IQO h
87
(%) G
GdG
0.2
7.2
36.5
56.1
0.3
4.7
34.5
60.5
G EG
3.9
12.5
38.9
44.7
0.2
3.9
32
63.9
dG
1.1
7.1
35.4
56.4
dG dG
GL dG GQG L
GL dG GQG
G G L
hG
( G
) 37.33
G L dG
43.17 h
EG
G
h L
h 40.41 h
(75
37.5)
dG L dG
dG
G EG
L dG
G L dG G G
G
G
d dG
a
a G
dG
G h . aG G G EG
Ea
G
G G EG
Lh
EG
dG
dGh
dG G G
G
A d
G
Gh
dG
h
G G dGh dG G dG
EG
dG aG G
h
h
G h
G dG da Gh
G G G . 2003 dG
G
EG d dG L a d d
dG
F dG F dG dG
dG
L EG
dGh
Gh
d a
dG
EG
dG dG
dG dh . G d
G G
dG EG d d h
EG
EG d h G
dG d hG G
d G
EG a
dEG L G E
E L
d hG
. d G G
18-5
CG
LQO UCG
QG G G
e H G G
75
69.94
11.45
43.17
66.77
13.6
41.10
G EG
66.27
16.8
37.33
63.10
13.68
39.99
dG
69.94
14.16
40.41
dG dG
G G
dG- dG dG
6-5
dG
G OCG G
G EG
e GL dG GQG
h G dG e GQe
d
dG G
h h G dG a
d
20 L dG h
Lh
G h .25
dG L dG
EG
h d dG d L
L G
G . G dG G dG
dG LEG
d
d G
dG G
h
Gh G dG
dG
aG
h .G dG
d dG
G G
dG
Gh
dG
dG
dG dG
GG G a
G dG dG
d h
G dG EG G
h . d
18 12 G dG
dG dG
G
dG d Gh d dG Gh
d h
dG
a :
a d
GG a
a
dG
dG
d
GdG
d
G
a h dG
h.
a
h dG
G G
EG G
G
L h
G
G
G
. G L dGh
dG
19-5
Y FdG
dY LQO O Lh
dH dG e
H EG Q h
GQ dG
G dG
CG
LQO UCG
QG G G
H G G
25 e
25
2.68
2.93
20.71
25
3.57
2.91
20.73
G EG
25
2.68
2.89
20.61
25
0.89
3.27
20.42
dG
25
0.89
3.02
20.61
dG dG
2011/2010 d dG aG
88
20-5
dG dG
G
e H G
LQO UCG
G G
QG
25
2.08
3.05
19.24
25
2.08
3.04
18.82
G EG
25
1.39
3.33
18.73
25
1.39
3.22
18.58
dG
25
1.39
3.17
18.86
LQO
CG
25
d dG IQe
FdG
IQe Y
dG
h . d
IH d
eG Y
I dH UN
d CGh dG
IF dG dG
G
dG dG
dG
Lh 5 L dG d
L
h
dG
dG h
GdG G G G L
h . G G dG
G dG
: G G
EG d L EG
dG
dG dG dG dG
G
h
Gh G dG d h d G
; hdG
h
EG
d
a L
dG dG G G GhG
EG
dG A
aG d
d h dG
dG G
dG Ld
hG dG dG G d dG
; d dG
Gh
G L dG
dG
dGh
G
21-5
kd wkdG ,4 8G 8dG MG
(25 (G 0 e dG /4dG vKG-
89
G
e H G
LQO UCG
G G
QG
25
4.03
5.03
25
4.38
4.72
G EG
17.86
3.65
4.41
25
3.62
4.48
dG
25
3.92
4.66
dG dG
LQO
CG
25
dG
dG d
d
dG G h G
a
h
d dG
dG
EG G
dGh dG
ddG dG
dG
FG
%67 dG
dG
dG d
%73 dG h %43
G G G
.( %65
h Lh
G
F dG d
G
G
G dG
G a ; dG
EG G
dh . dG dG
dG
dG F d
FdG
aG
dG dG
. d h G
dG GdG G EG d G
Gh a
d G d G
h G dG a
EG d d G
EG dEG EG
EG a G
h G dG G G
G h.
dG d G G G
dG
d
G dG G h G
Lh G d
dh .
G
a
dG a L a
G h G
dG
.a
dGh
d GdG YQ IQe
aG dG
G d G G G
d d
hG
G h 19.24 h 18.58
da .18.86 dG
Gh dG
Gh G dG
G G
G G h aG
G G G
EG
G
G
. dGh dG
G
G
G
dG G
dG h
dG G EG A a . dG
dG d
a Gh G
. EG dG dEG
G G
dG- dG dG
7-5
dG
h G dG a
d aG dG
d
dG
G EG
dG dG dG
AGOCG e H hdG
GL dG GQG
dG
G EG d
G L dG G G h
Lh
G dG
h G
dG h L aG dGh
d h G L
d
.7-5 dG
L
d F EG
dG G h G
G dG
G
h h dG
G Ea . dG G
: Lh
dG
dG dG
EG Lh
h G h Gh
dG
h aG
d aG dG
Lhh
46
dGh d- G
G G
dG G EG G
.48 a dGh Gh 47 d G
` e ` ` e``` dG `` ` ``L `` e
GL dG GQG
GL dG GQG
G L dG G G EG d
G
dG
G
a :G L h
G
G a dG
2011/2010 d dG aG
G
dG L d
G G Gh
d
h
dGh G aG G
d h
; d G
G
F dG dG d G d dG
d
h A G G
AL a .
h G
dG G
dh
G
d
d G dG d G G
dG G
A dGh d dGh
G
G
dG h LG
h dh G
dGh Gh
G
h dG
EG d
EGh
dG
a d G dG G
.44 dG
dG E a
dG h
G G Gh G h
EGh
d d G Gh
a d h dG dG
dEG L G G h . G
F dG
d G
h G
G dG
h G dG
dG G
LGh a dGh dG dG
G
a .
dG
dG
G
dG A dG
d d LG
dGh d G Gh
d
dG G
h G FG dG
dG
h h
45
. G G
h
EG L G OGO
A dG EG
dG IGQe
d
GQO
G Y
dG
d OG Gh
dGh
LG
90
8-5 dG
dG dG
dG dG
dG
G
G G
G
%0
%25
L
L dG LEG
Gh %25
G dG
L dG %50
Gh %50
L dG %75
G hG %75
L
L dG
%50
OQCG
GQeG
dG
8.4
16.7
9.9
9.9
10.3
13.6
10.3
11.6
11.3
80
73.3
70.5
75.7
75.1
4.7
4.7
2.5
2.8
3.7
e GL dG GQG
h Lh
dG
h . G L dG G
G
G dG hG
%100
dG G
dG
G
dG dG
G Gh L
G a dG
L G
G
h . a G d d G Lh
a
h dG
8-5 dG
. dG
22-5
GdG
76.2
21.8
1.3
0.7
75.9
22.6
0.9
0.6
78.4
19.2
1.9
0.5
73.5
23.8
1.8
0.9
75.9
21.9
1.5
0.7
G
G EG
G
dG
dG dG
23-5
91
GdG
58.5
38.3
2.8
0.4
50.8
46.1
2.6
0.5
50.4
45.1
3.1
1.4
48
47.4
3.6
52.1
44
3.1
0.8
G
G EG
G
dG
dG dG
G G
dG- dG dG
24-5
hL
GdG
0.3
5.8
23.2
70.7
0.2
7.1
22.4
70.3
G EG
4.3
20.2
75.5
0.1
4.5
19.4
76
dG
0.1
5.4
21.3
73.2
G
h LGh G L dG
EG G G d . aG G G
AG EG dG
aG G G
a :
d
G dG
dG G
LGh G L dG G G
. G
A
dG dG
hG (%75 G
L dG d dG
(%20 G ) G G
dG AL G dG
G
. d
dG
G aG dG
. Gh
Y LG GQG
e Y LEG GQG
Y LG GQG
NG e G UG dG GQe
Lh 25 17.10 dG
G
F EG d . G dG h
G
dG
G G
G G h . G
G
dG dG h
G
dG G G F G
G dG
dh
dG d
a G
. G G dG
G G L
hG
44.43 h 36.39
LG
EG
. L 75 39.5
%60.5 a a L dG
h
G
h
dG
G G
G hG G G dG
F G
G
. LG
EG G LG G G
dG
G G EG G L dG G G
F
G G
dG
G G aG
25-5
F AL
GQG edG
CG Y LG
F EG
GL dG GQG
GQG EG e
G
hL
CG
e H G G
LQO UCG
QG G G
72.81
16.54
44.43
69.84
17.43
39.17
G EG
73.25
22.37
36.39
71.10
19.93
37.54
dG
73.25
19.47
39.48
dG dG
2011/2010 d dG aG
75
92
9-5
dG
dG dG
G OCG G
O
dG IQe
EG Y G
H dG HQ G
G dG
d N
dG dG
CG OG G hQ
Y
dGh hdG
Q dG
G EG
dG G
G
G
dG d dG dG G
G G G h dG
G h . dG dGh hdG
G
F dG dG dG h
G G h G EG dGh
G G G AG G
G
h d h L d
.G G h Gh hdG
dG
dG dG
G dG GQe
dG
h
hG
G dG
h 13.82 h dG
G AL
G G dG
h L
G
L
h . G dG
G dG a
d
15.36 h 12.70
26-5
hL
CG
e H G G
LQO UCG
QG G G
25
5.66
17.58
25
6.03
16.8
25
4.63
18.19
25
5.94
15.86
25
5.69
17.10
25
G
G EG
G
dG
dG dG
27-5
hL
<G dG ,4 8G 8dG MG
(25 (G 0 e dG /4dG vKG-
LQO
93
CG
e H G G
LQO UCG
QG G G
23.68
6.07
15.36
24.12
6.7
14.17
25
24.56
8.52
12.70
24.12
7.68
13.05
24.56
7.38
13.82
G G
G
G EG
G
dG
dG dG
dG- dG dG
dG G
G EG d
dG E a
G
G a dG dG
dG LG dG Gh G
G G
G G
EG
L
dG
G G
. Gh
G d
G
G dG G
d d
dG
h
G dG dG
h d dGh hdGh dG
. d dG
dG L dG h
h G dG h
d dG G
EG d h . G dG dG
dG
. F dG a dGh dGh LG G dG
Lh
.10-5 dG
G h
F EG dG ha Lh LG G G
G G dG G
G dG
G
EG d h . dG G Gh
dG dG G
a G
h dG
G a G
G dG
h G dG
G dG dG EG
edG I G Q G IQe
G
G dG
hG
dG
G h h 14.33h 11.57
dG
d
13.50
G Lh
dG h . G
28-5
CG
e H G G
LQO UCG
QG G G
25
6.79
14.01
25
6.74
11.57
G EG
25
7.13
13.8
25
6.73
14.33
dG
25
6.92
13.50
dG dG
25
10-5
Y CG
e
Y LG GQG
dGO h O Lh
H F EG
CG I e
UG dG IQe
NG e G
dG Qe Y
Q Gh Y G
edG I G
dG
G G dG
G dG
dG G G
G EG
2011/2010 d dG aG
dG
dG dG
94
11-5 dG
dG dG
dG dG
dG
G
G G
G
%0
%25
L
L dG LEG
Gh %25
G dG
L dG %50
Gh %50
L dG %75
G hG %75
L
L dG
%20
%40
%60
OQCG
GQeG
dG
8.6
13.8
26.1
19.7
17
17
22.5
16.7
20.2
19
49.9
49.4
35.3
42.9
44.3
24.5
14.3
21.9
17.2
19.7
e Y LG GQG
G
hG
%80
%100
dG dG
dG a G aG d dG a
. dG G
G
dG
G dG
a . G EG
a
dG
G G
dG
Gh G
d G a EG G dG
G
G G a
d dG dG
d . dG G
. G
a G Lh
G FdG G EGh
dG h G
dG AG Gh GdG
G
aG d d G G G
GQG
e edG L e
Y LG
Y LG GQG
G G
G G
h aG EG d d LG
G
G dG
h . G
a % 50 h 40
h d aG G
aG
. G L dG G
29-5
95
GdG
50.5
35.9
7.6
45.1
36.9
10.8
7.2
G EG
52.9
35.6
8.9
2.6
34.5
44.4
12.9
8.2
dG
45.6
38.3
10
6.1
dG dG
G G
dG- dG dG
30-5
GdG
36.8
40
12.9
10.3
30.4
41.7
12.4
15.5
G EG
37.7
22.7
11.2
28.4
30.4
33.3
12.8
23.5
dG
33.9
34.3
12.4
19.4
dG dG
31-5
GdG
27.5
33.9
22.4
16.2
16.1
18.3
42
23.6
29.7
18.7
33.3
18.3
30.2
20.2
36.2
13.4
26.2
20.5
35.7
17.6
dG
d G dG dG
dGh EGh dG
G EGh d h . h dG G
dG G G
G
G LGh G L dG G d
. aG G G d
Gh G G
h G a ;G G
d G
h
aG G G
G Gh dG EG a
a d h
h aG
G
G d
LGh G L dG G G
d dG LEG
a h Gh
G G
d
d h
G
.
G G G dG LEG
aG
G A dG
aG G a
G h
dG
EG LGh G L dG G G
G
dG dG A dG
d
dG
dh dG G
. h G G d
2011/2010 d dG aG
h
d
dG
FG G G
a
dG
Gh
Gh
G
G EG
G
dG
dG dG
G G
G
G
G
dG G dG
. dG
dG GaG AG G G G
G G dG
dG
G aG G G
dG dG
aG h G G h aG d d
h . LGh G L dG G a
G d
h
G L dGh G G
h G
:
d
G h
GA dG
E G G dG G
EGh h . d G d GA dG
dG
d h d
hG G dG
d Ea
Gh G a d
h ) G d ah
G
G L dG A dG h .(2009 d
A L h GA dG
G G LGh
dG G G G G
GQG
GL dG
EG Y LGh
A dG
dG dG
G e
e dG I G
dG e dh
d d
G e
h I G
k
96
edG GQO
e dG
dG dG
dG L dG
h 3.98 aG dG
dG G aG
LEG dG h 3.96 G L dG dG
L
h 3.87 dG dG h 3.68
h dG EG EG
d
F EG
dG
dG
d
. dG
dG
dG dG dG
L
h 5 3.86 dG G aG
h . d
EG
d
F G dG
dG d
. dG
32-5
T dH 8G 8dG MG
(5 (G 1 e dG /4dG vKG-
LQO UCG
QG G G
H G G
5 e
4.72
2.33
0.34
3.80
4.66
2.41
0.34
3.77
4.77
2.54
0.33
3.94
4.65
2.22
0.27
3.94
4.77
2.26
0.33
3.86
LQO
CG
G
G EG
G
dG
dG dG
12-5
dG
T dG Mke
G OCG G
OQCG
GQeG
dG
dG dG
33-5
D|G dH 8G 8dG MG
(5 (G 1 e dG /4dG vKG-
LQO
97
CG
LQO UCG
QG G G
e H G G
2.05
0.47
3.94
4.89
1.84
0.45
3.86
2.06
0.44
4.01
1.84
0.39
4.05
1.84
0.44
3.98
G
G EG
G
dG
dG dG
G G
dG- dG dG
hL
34-5
IG/dG dH 8G 8dG MG
(5 (G 1 e dG /4dG vKG-
LQO UCG
QG G G
5 e H G G
0.45
3.94
2.26
0.44
3.86
G EG
2.37
0.38
4.00
2.74
0.35
4.03
dG
0.41
3.96
dG dG
LQO
CG
hL
35-5
<k/G dH 8G 8dG MG
(5 (G 1 e dG /4dG vKG-
LQO
CG
LQO UCG
QG G G
4.72
2.17
0.38
3.55
4.75
2.38
0.39
3.70
4.88
0.42
3.75
4.72
1.67
0.36
3.75
4.88
1.67
0.40
3.68
G
dG h
h
L dG h d
G E G
dG
Ea
dG G dG
EG G hG dG L
a dG
G G E G
G . LGh
EG
G G dG
G G h
d G G
dG dG h
e H G G
G
G EG
G
dG
dG dG
dG
dG F dG h
dGh LGh G L dGh aG
Lh
G
L d dGh dG dG
h
dG
dG EG dG
G dG G d
dG
dG G G EG dG EG d
h hh G
.49 Lh G
36-5
LQO
ddG edG
dG e
Q H G G e
dG CH Y dG
dH G Y
IQh dH
L dG
IdG dH 8G 8dG MG
(5 (G 1 e dG /4dG vKG-
LQO UCG
QG G G
H G G
5 e
2.21
0.47
3.83
4.85
0.43
3.72
0.44
3.98
2.47
0.39
3.93
0.44
3.87
LQO
CG
2011/2010 d dG aG
G
G EG
G
dG
dG dG
98
dG dG
G dG
F dhCG
CGQ dG dG
CG CGdG UCG
Qh
G
G dG G G G G
d d
dG d dG G
G EG
L Gh
G G
d
dG
G G dG
dG G
. hG
EG
dG dh G
G dGh
d d dG
G G 2008
dG
dG Gh . G
G
EG a EGh G
G
EG -G Gh G
Gh h a
G
G
Gh a dG
G dG
EG
G G
h
h
dG
G d aGh
G dG EG
G EG G
dG dG
G
. 2008 dG d h
d dG G G F L
d h
dG
d G G dG
LEG
A
d
G h dG
F G
dG
dGh a G
dG
dG
LGh
G
dG
G . dG
h h dG dG
G dG
G L aG
aG
G
h aG dG
G h h dG dGh
Gh
. G EGh
dG F
G
G dG dEG
G
dG LG
dG
Ga EG d hG
G
dG
G G EG G d hG
d h
h
. LGh Gh
G
13-5
dG
aG
aG
aG
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
d G LG
d G aG dG Gh
Gh dGh
h
dG
dG
dG
aG
G dG
dG
G h d G
G Gh G dG
dGh G
G dG d Gh
aG
dG
dG
G dG
dGh
dG
G dG
dG
G dG G G G G
LG
dG
G G
FdGh G
G Gh
d dGh
aG
12
16
10
14
12
aG
10
8
4
2
aG
Gh
99
aG
G h
G Gh
d G
A G
dG
A
d G
dGh dG
dG h
LG
G G
Gh aG d G G
h
Gh
G
G h
G Gh
dG d G G G
dG dG G
dGh G
dG
G G
dG- dG dG
14-5
dG
G dG
LG dG
G L dG dG
dG dG
G
G G
aG G G
G aG dG %50.4 %0
G L dG G G
G G L dG dG %48.8 %3.7
G G
G
dG %19.5 %19.7 LG
LG
dG
h
G
dG
G
h
dG
dG d dG
G
dG
G
dG
dG G
dG
d h
dG
G
dG
dG
aG
d
dG G dG dG
G h d h dG dG
G EG .aG
G d G
G
G h LG dG
EG
d h . G
LG
dG
G
d EG
h h .
h
G
G
Gh dG h
d h dG
a
Gh G
dG G
aGh G
G h
G
d
h . dG h G
dh dG
L
G
a EG G
dG
G G G ah .
dG a h
dG h G
a
G
. 2004 dG dG
G EG h dG EG a G dG G EG
2011/2010 d dG aG
dG
dG dG
e H hdG
dG LQdG
dG
G
G
dG L
Lh
dG
L dG
L h
dG h G
. (5 3)
dG
F EG G
h
L
F
EG G h
dG
aG dG A L a : G
G G L dG dGh hG G
d dG G dG dG
dG
LG dG G Gh
e edG
L e
dG
G G
dG
15-5
dG
G
dG
A h . G
G
dG h G
d
aG dG G
G G dG
h
. G G
L Rh
Y edG
dG U
Y L
.GQG U
h
G
G GQG
%50.4 H e %0
G dG
e dG
dG
dG L h
a ;G G
L
G G
G
dG
G
: Gh
Lh
100
15-5 dG
(%)
dG dG
dG dG
dG
G
G G
G
%0
%25
L
L dG LEG
Gh %25
G dG
L dG %50
Gh %50
L dG %75
G hG %75
L
L dG
%50
%100
OQCG
GQeG
1.8
1.5
1.3
0.3
1.2
67.8
70.8
51.5
55.7
61.7
30.4
27.7
47.2
44
37.1
G G G
GE G
h G G
h dGh dG
G G dG dG A Gh
G
G dG
d
d dG dG
dG
hG
hG
dG
a d
G
dG
dG dG
G
G
G
G
d
dG d G
dG
dG dG
dG
G EGh
dG LG
G h dGh dG G
37-5
GdG
46.8
49.1
4.1
38.8
56.8
4.3
0.1
54.3
42.3
3.4
56.6
42
1.3
0.1
50.4
46.3
3.3
G
G EG
G
dG
dG dG
38-5
101
GdG
48
48.2
3.7
0.1
39.2
56.3
4.5
52.5
45.6
1.9
53.9
45.3
0.8
48.8
48.6
2.6
G
G EG
G
dG
dG dG
G G
dG- dG dG
39-5
GdG
9.7
80.1
10.2
20.2
73.9
5.9
G EG
26.8
67.6
5.5
0.1
22.3
74.5
3.1
0.1
dG
19.5
74.3
6.2
40-5
GdG
dG dG
37
58
25.7
69.3
4.9
0.1
G EG
49.7
47.5
2.7
0.1
42.5
55.8
1.7
dG
39.3
57.2
3.5
dG dG
dG
G dG L dG dEG
dG
dG
G
G G
GA L
h
G dG G G
dG d Gh h h d h
G G G a d
d G G A Gh dG
dG G h
dG
dG d ) d d G dG dG
.(2008
G EG
G
G
G
dG
dG Lh
L dGh dG h G
:
hG G
aG dG t
3.98 h
dG d
G d G dG G
4.21 h
d dG G
dG dG t
3.87 h
dG d
G d hG G
4.30 h
2011/2010 d dG aG
dG
QG AGQG
QG Lh e dG GC e
G G G
G G
L h A G h
dG
h
G
EG A G h
d dG- G- G
G L dG G EGh dG
G EG G dG
d
A L
G G G
G
d
EG dG
dG
h dG
ah
dG
G
a ; F EG dG G a Lh
dGh hG G dG dG AL
h h
G G aG
h LGh G L dG dG
EG
a . G a
G h dG
dh L dG
d
G A
G Lh
G h . E
dG d
QG YCG
H e G Y
G h , dG
QCG O Lh Y
e d
d G
e
H EH
102
41-5
dG dG
G G NG
EG QG dG
I L CG O
ICeh
dG EG
eQU L
dG dG
Y LG dG
GL dG dG
G dG
4.30
4.26
4.28
4.21
0.90
0.90
0.77
0.87
G
G G
G
G G
G d
d h
h
d Lh EG G
G G
G h a
LG
G G G
EG d
dG h dG LG
. L h
a d
d EG
G d
EG a dG
G G dG
dG
G
G
L
EG
dG G dG
h Gh
h G G
dGh
G dG /aG G
d G E G
G dG
a
G
EG
dG EG
h L
dG
dG
L
h
dG
G L d
a dG G dG
h . L
dG
dG
dG dG
G G
d AG dG
Gh h dG
hG G
h G
G dG G
dG
LGh G L dG
d dG G G dG
3.68 h 3.96 h
G d dG G
h G a L
.4.26 h 4.28
dGt
dG d
GdGh
G dG
e edG d dG Q
e
QG Lh
dG
G Lh
dG d
F EG dG G a Lh
dG
aG da . G dGh aG dG
. G dG
dG d G
G
L
a L G G
h
G
dG G
G G h . dG d Lh
EG G
G a
G dG
G L EG G G dG
G G
G dh
G G G
EG
Gh
. dG dG d
Lh
42-5
103
dG dG
Y LG dG
GL dG dG
G dG
2.96
2.89
3.01
2.56
0.93
0.90
0.81
0.82
G G G
dG
G G
dG- dG dG
43-5
GhCG
e
GhCG
EG GhCG
e
GhCG
e
8.3
64.7
25.1
5.7
10.7
41.3
42.3
a dGh dG
5.3
10.1
34.3
50.3
2.6
3.3
24.1
70
1.3
2.6
22.3
73.8
5.3
8.2
36.2
50.3
Gh
EG G
aG
dG Lh
G
aG G
G
dG
d .% 47.8
a
dG
G
.
d h dG G
G dh dG dG
EG G
L dG
EG
d
G EG
(%8.7) G EG dh h (%9.5) G
%5.5 dGh G
d
h .( 2009 F EG G G )
dG dG G
G
dG FRESH
dG
dGh dG dG a
h dG Gh h dG dGh dGh
d dG LG G dGh d
EG EG h . dG
h
G
: F
d
d
G G
F
dG
dGh dG
. L h
dG Q G
G dG G G a G -G
/ F
G L G G EG
d-
-h
G d . h d
Gh
G EG
dG
L G L dGh GA EG
G
ah dG G G G
. a G
dG a
h dG
G
G h
dGh G L dG G
d
dG
.
dG dG
dG dG GQO
Lh e dG dG
edG
GQdGh QH edG Y
dG
%70
Lh
aG
dG dG h
F
G aG G L
h. G
G G a
d G aG
aG
dG G h h dG
G h d G EGh
h G
dG A
d G G
.
QGG G
h HdG
e
dG
, GQ
e e h
dG dG
kY Gh I IOGQEG
GH k
GAeEG Y
L dGh
LQ G
edG AGQG
dG dG
dGh dG d d G
h a dG G
G dG %31.8 h 30.7 d d
G
G %11.3
Lh
.
G 1- h L G LG
hG G F dG
h
2011/2010 d dG aG
Gh Gd G -
G G
G
{ekdG $G4%G
1.9
edG AGQG
dG dG dG h
G
EG ; dG
LEG
h a G a d
dG
%39.7 Gh %37
d
G EG .
L
104
44-5
dG dG
CG edG Q
dG dG
QhO EG
dG
dGdGh EG
Y LG
edG
G
dG eYEG
GH d h
Y G Y
dGh O Gh
AGQd G
105
GhCG
e
GhCG
EG GhCG
e
GhCG
e
19.7
16.7
26.6
37
23.9
19.2
22.2
34.7
24.5
14.5
21.3
39.7
h dG G
dG
15.6
13.8
29.4
41.2
F dG hG
10.3
11.5
30.4
47.8
16.9
12.6
24
46.5
21.3
14.7
22.5
41.5
16.6
17.2
30.5
35.7
G G G G G
dG LG G L -h
F G/ G L
dG
dG d
-
aG G
h
h G G
G Gh G G a
%30 A Gh
dG
G
dG %52
G
a d G
d G
FL
d Gh dG
aG
. G 3- h L G %23.1
dG G
dG dG G
dG
EG
dG h EG
G dG h dG h dG dGh
G
dG d
d dG
dG a h dG dG G
LG
. hG
dG G
e G YEG F h
edG AGQG
e G
h
E G F d
dG h
EG dG d h
G
a
h %35.1
G
G G AG d
EG F h
hG G h .%38.3
h
G EG G G
%32.4
dh G G G dG
d
h . G 5- h 4dG dG
EG G
dG
G G
Lh h
h .AG d
G dGh Gh
dhG
EG
h
d
.aG A dG G EG
h
d h
dG d G
G a -G
dG
G a -
G dG aG
dG dG
G G
h EG dG G
G dG h dG G dGh
. dG d d G
EG d dG G
h
dG G
F dG dG dG
dG dG G
a dG
G Gh dG G
d EG EG
h.
h d
G
dG (2003) EG dG
dGh dGh EG h G h
G dG G
G dG
A Gh dGh G dG
dG Gh d G dh
G G G
h
. dG G
G G
d G
G
G
dG G G
d dG dG
dG
. dG G EG dGh dG
G
dG dG
edG AGQG
Y LGh dG
Lh G dG dG h
G G
aG G
a
dG hG
G h G
Lh
G d d d h
h %46.3
a G .(%34) G
Ea dGh dG LG dG d
G G
dG- dG dG
. dG
dG L G h
G G
da
EG aG
dG dG
G G
dG dG
dG dG dG aG G
dG
G dh . . dEG LG
h d
dG h G G
G G
.(2004
dG Gh
G
G h
dhG a dG G
dGh d G dh dG G
dG
G
Fa G
A d
h
G
G EG h dG L
d
dG G G A G
G
h A dG G EG dh
d
G
.
dG G G F
G G
G dG d
dG G
dG
G
G
h dG
G G G
G
G G
L d
%33.9 h G %58.4
. G 13- h L G F L G
G G
h
Gh G EG ;
aG
dG
G G G Gh
dG G %62.2
G EG %60.4 Gh Gh d
G d
dG G
dG G %53.9 Gh aGh
G d aG dG
G
aG
d
dG h .
dG
h G
G
G a
G h %21.8
dG
G G EG aG G
dG L
h L G %9.2
dG LG
dG
h.
G 14G
G d
dG
dG
h A
dG
d
A
L d da .
G
dh G
dG G dGh . G
dG dG
dG G G G
aG G
dG
G
dG dG
2011/2010 d dG aG
Lh e dG dG
QG
dG e G
G
a .
dG
G
QG AGQG
eh
h
LEG
dG
Lh %20.6 G
d
dG
dG
h L G (%33.2) d h (46.2)
AG G
h . G 12L
dh dG dG
G h . dG G
dG
h dG dG
EG G
dG h
G
dG
d dG
d dG dG
dG G
d 2010
G
dG a Gh
dG
dG G G G dG
. dG dG
h dG L h
G G
G
dG G G
G
a a
G
G d
a
aGh a . dG G
LEG
G h G a
%58.1
d
dG h
%44 h aG
%14.1)
Gh
%79.1 aGh F L aG
G dG FG dG G a
aG
dG G G
aG %44.9 h aG %34.2)
. G 15- h L G F L
G
G
G d LG G
hh
G dG F dG G
dh
FG d G dG G dG G d
EG F h G
h dG
G
dG
G Gh
dG G
G h dG dG
L Gh G G dG G
AL a . dG
dG
dG dG
G
dG
aG d aG G dG
dGh G dG G
G dG
IQ U
QhOh QG
d LG
h . QG
EG d L
G dG Q G
dG FG d
YEG F h e
G Gh
dG
d G
O Lh EG dG
H A
QG H
edGh
Y dh G
NG
106
dG dG
e G
e h
G
dG
UG e dG
Q
e H
L e
h e G
G OGYEG
G H
d ( G h
dG , G G
dG e
d Q EG
dG
107
ah . dG d Gh
G G h Ea
h . G
dG G
Gh G aG G
dG h dG G
. G dG G
dG OGYEG
d
a
d
h
G
a d G EGh
G
Gh
G G dh
dG dGh
dA G
d
.
dGh
G dh
h dG
dG G
G G
G
LEG
h
G
G
QG AGQG
Yh dG e
G E G
d G
G a d
G dG
Gh :
LEG
G EG G
EG
Gh (%42.3) dG
d G EG
Lh
G h .(%34.7)
G h
G G G L G
G
L
G
G
dG dG
G G EG
dG dG
h A
h
G G EG
a
dG
dG
EG G
h . dG G dG
G
dEG
dG
dG
Gh G h dG
h G
G
h G L
a
G h G
G G EG
dG
G G d
: dG d
EG
dG
aG dh
A
dG
G G EG
ha
G
dG
QG AGQG
H
dG G G
dG
dG GdG %55.9
%40
h G dG A G d
d
G d G G
d
G h. G
dG
dG
G G
G
G
G Gh
%79.9)
G d
G EGh .(d
G G
dG
dG
dG G EG L
G LG Lh
dG
Gh
. G dG G
h dG G
dG d
dG h
h
G G
dG
dG
G
dGh FG G
G
EG a d a
aG
G Gh
hG
G
hG
G
G dG
hG LG hG G
G
d . ...
h F
dG
EG L a Lh
45-5
Y
e
e Y
18.6
36.6
17.1
27.7
11.1
28.2
22.1
38.6
13.6
28.5
55.9
a G Lh d dG
dG
G G
G dG A G
dG
0.3
3.9
15.9
79.9
dG a G Lh d dG
EG dG
G G
-G
h dGh
G
-
dG- dG dG
46-5
GhCG
e
GhCG
EG GhCG
e
GhCG
e
6.3
16.7
42.3
34.7
26.3
26.1
29.1
18.5
G hh
. G
dG Lh
h L G
16-
G dGh F dG QG AGQG
QG d I G dG
dG
G
G h a dG dG
d L Gh
dGh G
aG G
F
F h a
dGh
G d
G
G dG G
. dGh
dG
EG L
h
G G d
L
a . G
h F h
Lh
G G dG
G G
%70.7 G
G
(%69.1) dG G/ G
h (%61.2) dGh dG Gh
EG .(%52.6)
EG
dG EG
G G
dG
G Gh
EG
G G EG
dG
L -G
dG
G A G -
L G dG G E G
dG
. G
d h dG
G AG G G
A
Lh
d
a ;
dG
G
h
G
%52.4
aG
%47.6
G G h .
EG aG h
G E a
G G G
A Gh d
G EG
G
h d
dh
G d a G
. A dG G EG
G
G d
Gh
dG G EG
G G
L h
dG
h
G d
EG a
EG h %15.3 dG L
G EG
G
dEG G
G F h dG
(%31.2) L G
d
G d
Lh
h G
dG G
47-5
OGYEG G EG
QG
e
, dG e
A Gh
h d N
d ,Y e
dh e CG
A dG OGYEG
N
h L
h L
IL
5.5
25.4
69.1
72.7
6.1
21.2
7.7
21.6
70.7
75.9
16.1
63
10.9
26.1
31.5
15.9
52.6
71.8
6.4
21.8
16.9
21.9
61.2
31.3
26.5
42.2
2011/2010 d dG aG
G hG
-G
d G hG
d G G EG
-h
h dG
G Gh G dG
dG d Gh G -
108
16-5
109
a
F
d
G
G
a
a
d
A
d
d dG
h G
d
aG G
a
dG
d a dG
G dG
LG
dGh
G
d
Gh a
d
G G G
G
d dG
G
F d
G G
a
A
G
G a
QG dG e QG AGQG
dG
e I QG
HdG QGG
H
dG
G
h
LG
dG
d a
dG
d a dG
G d
G a
d
a
G
G
d a
L
a
Gh
LG
dGh
dG
G
a
G a
G
Gh
G G
d
aG
a
dG
dG
Gh a a
G G G
dG
dG
h
d
LG
dG
d a a
G
G a
F
G
h
a
dG
dG A
dG
G
Gh a a
G G G
G
d dG
G
d
G
dG dG
G G
G dG
a dG G G
G EGh dG
E a G EG
h
h G LG
G
d aG h
LG h G
G
F h L EG G
dG h
G L EG hG
EG
G h
dG
dG a
Lh
G LEG Gh .
h dEG dG G G
a.
G
dG G h
Lh
G %69.1
G G G G
G
a
G EGh . d d
Ea d G G
d G
F
dG d Gh G a
. d
h
G
GdG G G
a G d G h
dG dG
dG dG G Gh G EG h
G Gh
a G
d h dG
h . dEG dG G dG
G
G EG d
dG d G
EG
L d
G
F h
d a
G
dG G L G
AG G
.
G G
dG- dG dG
E a
dGh
EG
d AG
d dG dG h
dGh d FG L
G dG GdG dG EG
G
dG d h
G EG
. dG
e d G YdG QG AGQG
dG L
G dG
AG
G hG dG G hG dG
G Ea dEG dG LG
d h
d
Gh d
G a
L
G a
. L
dG
dG d
h
dG
G
G LEG
h h
d
G
G G G G
h
dG
EG ; dG
G %43.1
d FG dG
Lh
G EGh . d h G
Lh h
dG
d Ea G hG FG dG
a
G
Lh
G
G
d
G
dG
G ) G dG dG h
h h (%26 G )
Gh (%25
.(%46.9) dGh LG G
dG
a G G h
G
A d A
EG
dG Lh
G %36.3
dG h
G 11- h L
d G YdG
QG AGQG
dG G G
G LEG
G
d dh dG a
dG
G a . dG
EG A Gh
G
G
ah
aGhG a
aG h
LEG
h h .
aGhG
aG
dG
h %47.5
G A G
d a a dh dG G
G dG
d
aG
dG
(%29.1)
dG
G A G G
F G
G dG
h
dG dGh dGh Ghd G
hG
G
aGhG h aGhG a
dG
G
.%67.8 h %61
G dG
G
GdG G G d G h Gh
aG G
G h
G h
dG dG G
Gh G
dG dGh G EG
FG
Gh G aG G
G
h .
a G dG
48-5
GhCG
e
GhCG
GhCG
EG
e
GhCG
e
17.5
39.6
27.4
15.5
35.4
35.8
16.5
12.3
34.6
30.5
19.9
15
14.1
23
47.4
15.5
10.2
13.5
43.5
32.8
40.3
27.5
20.3
11.9
36.9
24.1
24.8
14.2
22
30.7
35.4
11.9
2011/2010 d dG aG
G A G G
d
dG dG a
G
G
G G L
L
G dEG
ddG A dG h
d
dh dG a
dG
G A G
G
dG
G A G
dh dG
Gh
d dh dG a -h
h G L -
dG
L dG
d FGO
dGh dGh
GdG dGREG Y
O CG dG
QG EG EG
dG dHh
d Q AGOCG
dG
a dh dG a -
F G
dG dG d
-G
G
-
Y EG L
LG
GQ eh , QG
e d
QG e
QhO LG h
H dG
d dh dG a -
110
49-5
dG dG
GHCG
GQO
CG
FGO
11.1
13.8
40.3
34.8
10.1
16
30.8
43.1
34.7
10.1
17.6
37.6
33.8
13.1
21.2
31.9
hG
a G
dG
G
dG
G
dG
h
G EG d . LG dGh
dG G L dG
G G dG L
Lh Gh FG dG
h G
G
:
d
. a h
h d a %88.3 G) dGh
G
d
dG
%69.8
(50-5 h L
G
G
d d
. G 6- h L
h d a %75.8 G
d
dG
d
%31.6
.
G
G
d G G
dGh
dG
h dG G
G
G
G d
dG
G G EG G
G
h
dG dG
G
d G
G
G
L G G d h
a
EG a EG Gh L d
a F
h
. ... dG F dG
QG Q dG CG G CG
e d G dGh
G
dG
G
dG G EGh hdG dG
111
dG
dG
e
O edG
H A EG
Y NG
O Lh Yh dG
H
Y Y h
Y hCG e
H U
dG
hG
G
G h
AG
-G
G dG
G
-
aG
d
L -
F G G L dG LG dG dG
LG
h dG
h dG dG Gh
.
hG
d
G GE
G
G
dG
L %37.6 G a .
G
G
G
d FG
h . G
G % 34.8
G
G
G Gh
h G EG
h
h G
d G EG
L E a . G dG
dG
h
d
h
G
d
dG G
G
dG
G h EG
h
G
dG G
G G
dG
h Gh dG
dG
. G
d
G
Q G CG
QG AGQG
d G
G G G
G
G
h dG G
dG ha LEG
hG
G G G . L dG
hG G
A G L h
a d dG
dG aG
a
h E
dG G
G G . h dG
dG G dEG
L
G
dG G
G G
dG- dG dG
50-5
QOCG
Qh
GqL
Qh
e Y
Qh
0.4
71.6
25.1
2.9
3.1
66.1
27
3.8
61.4
32.7
3.9
1.8
51.9
42.6
3.7
2.1
75.8
20.7
1.4
2.7
62
32
3.3
dG G G h G dG
1.3
88.3
1.4
1.6
39
49.3
10.1
64.1
32.7
2.2
69.1
27.4
2.5
1.4
74
20.1
4.5
1.6
26.4
53
19
h a G G dG
G
G G dG
GL
: G
a .
a
G dG G
G G L h
G %75.8
dG
d (50-5 h L
;%27.1
G
dG
G dG dG dG
G L h
G %66.1
dG
dG
d
;%20.8
G
G dG G
G L h
G %71.6
dG
dG
d
.%26.9
G
LEG a
G G
h
d h %45.8
G dG
dG
dG G G dG G G h
dGh
d
G L dG
EG .
aG G G
G G h
G h
h
G G
dG d
2011/2010 d dG aG
G G
dG
dG dG
G
Gh
dG
d
EG
G
dG
G dG
dG a dG
dG
dG
dG
G dG
LG
dG
dGh G
h dG
-G
-h
dG
dG aG E
dG dG dG
dG G dEG -
Lh
G
G dGh
G G h hG dG d d G
L
d ah
G
. d dG d h
dEG G EG G
h
.aG
G
G
G L L dG G G G d
hG L
G
hG
h G
EG G EGh a a
G G G
. dG dG
a
Y GQ d QG
GQG e OY G e edG
H G
dG GQG q EG
L L
G
q e eq CG
hCG q L
CG
H Qq hQ
q
hCG
EGh , Qe
EG G
q , q e
e
G G Y
H G
q Q e , Y
dG
dG
G LEG
LE dG G G
L
G
L h Lh
dG d d dG G
G aG G G
dG
h G
LEG G
a . G
112
51-5
(%) e
Td N <6CG wG
lEdGK 64G 64 kdG ICG GICG
T
e CG
Y 5
GE 3 e
Y 4
e
GE Y
Y
e CG
Y
16.2
24
19.1
18.4
2.3
d G EGh
dG -G
24.7
27.6
32.2
12.8
2.7
dG G
2.3
6.5
37.2
44.3
9.7
0.8
5.7
14.7
48.5
30.3
1.9
7.4
23.7
26.1
41
9.2
13.8
36.1
27.1
13.8
...
h
G
5.8
9.6
16
19.8
48.8
dG dG
eCG Y
O G
eGH LG
G OGYEG
d h
H G CG
G
G )
G
G
9h L G
G G
dG
h.
G
a %68.6 G
G G
10h L G
G
.
G
hL
L G dG G EGh
L d dG G G G
53-5
h dG G E G
EG L
G a
G dG h G
h
(%40
G EG LG
G A dhG GA d G dG
dG G G AG A d G -h
... d
d
EG G ... G
G E a d h .a G
G G EG G LG
G
G G d
h
.aG
L d dG GQ d Qq G
eG G h
G
G
ah
d L d dG G G
52-5
113
QOCG
IQ
I
IQ
e
IQ
IOh
3.8
26.9
51.8
17.5
5.1
20.8
52.7
21.4
3.4
24.8
51.6
20.2
2.7
29.6
46.5
21.2
4.1
27.1
50
18.8
6.5
31.4
44.5
17.6
5.8
45.8
38.8
9.6
26
46.5
21.5
37.7
43.9
14.4
12.1
24.1
38.8
25
2.5
36.5
44
17
9.5
27.7
37.6
25.2
G G
-G
dG dG G
G EG -
h dG
G G G -h
dG G G h G dG
dG -
h dG
G
dG -
G dG d
G G
dG -
dG- dG dG
53-5
8.5
91.5
16.7
83.3
14.9
85.1
CGh Q q dG QNG
31.2
68.8
NG AeR e Qh dG
33.2
66.8
edG e UG q dG
q q h Y dG
QqdG
2007
d d
AG G G
dG
dG
G
EG AG G
aG
dG
EG AG G A L
h
dGh
Gh dGh
ah
AG G
aG h h
dGh
. F EG d
h
dG
dG
G 2006 G d d
dG
EG
FG dG G G
G G dG G
.
66 h G 55
G G
ah
: G dG
dG
G G h dG
h .
dGh G aG G
L d dG G G
G
G
dG
h
G d G
dG LG a d G
h
d h dG dG
h
. dG dG dG EG
AGOCG
G GQG
dG
EG
G G A aG G G
G .
dG a
dG L d dG
G
G
dG
EG d
dG
L h G
FdG
dG
F EG dG h h G G
EG
h G G
EG L G E a . G G
G h G
. h
dG
54-5
G G q
Y L d dG
e CG
eCG , hQdG OGYEH
UG dG QhO
L
G
UN , EG
h dG q
G G
G G QG
H Y q dGh
EG
Q dG
GQG
EG d d
10.50
9.26
EG d d
6.27
3.92
EG d d
6.68
6.46
dG d d
10.69
11.36
EG d d
34.33
31
Y ddG
2011/2010 d dG aG
25
25
L
L
L
L
100
25
25
dG
G dG
G
dG G G
aG G G
114
dG dG
G G F dG h dG
. E d LEG dG
h
dG d G
EG d h
G dG dG
G EG
d G
G
d h dG
G G
d a h
. G
Y LEG GQG
Y FdG
q
EG q
hHh GQG
q F EG dGO
, G CG
e e h
GQO e
NCG Y
dG
EG
dGh G
G dG
G
G
d
dG a
dG dG G
h G dG h . F EG d h
h G G
G
. E d LEG dG G G
G dG G dG h h
dh G G
dG d
Gh G dG
G
G G G . G G
EGh
h
a dG
dG dG G
h . dG d
. dG
G Gh
dG dG aG L G
FdG
G dEG d G dG
LGh a dG
dG
d
G dG
d h
dG
G .
dG dG
L d dG G G
EG
d G a a
a
hG dG EG
dG G
d
dG G
EG
A L a . dG G
G
G dG
dG G G
dG
h G
2001
a . G dG
EG
% 22 EG dG
dG % 6 h G % 38 h G
. 2004 dG
hG
GL dG GQG
h h
dG
EG
G dG
F
GE dG
d
dGh
d d dG a dG aG dG
h . F
EG G
d
dG
55-5
0.05 Y
EG
Q dG
EG d d
20.77
20.46
(LQO 25 e G dG
a L
18.80
18.93
(LQO 25 e q dG GO
EG d d
5.09
4.21
(LQO 25 e d dG
EG d d
42.06
38.74
(LQO 75 e q G GL dG GQG
56-5
hL
EG
Q dG
EG d d
17.62
16.51
EG d d
14.67
12.96
a L
13.34
13.69
EG d d
41.34
37.62
0.05
115
(LQO 25 e
NG e UG dG
(LQO 25 e Y
G dG
(LQO 25 e edG I G Q G
(LQO 75 e q
G G
Y LG GQG
dG- dG dG
G a
G
dG
dG dG a dG
d L G
G a : G
dG h aG
Gh
G
: dG adG
G
h aG
G a
G
dG
G dG : G
dG dG
hG G : G
F dG Gh
dG
h aG
G G
G h
G G
dGh G G
G
dG
G h
dG
h G EG
L dG
.
G 20 - h L G G EG
dG dGh G dG FdG Gh
dG
dG
dG
dG
ah G dG G
d dGh
. dG dG
G
G dG
d
G
h dG d dG
L dG G d d a
G
G aG a
h
G
G dGh Gh
A G Lh G . G dGh G G
G adG
h
. dG
dh
h
G d
G dG
LG dG A
FdG dG aG G
G G
dG
h . F
dG
hG
dG
d
dG
L d dG
d d G h
dG
G dG
EG G
h dG
d dLEG dG
.G dG d d G
G aG dG G G
G d
dG
h EG d G L dG dG
dG hG dG
dG
L
dGh G d
. G d G L dGh dGh
eG dG A
FdG
dG
G dG dG L
: ddG G G G
dG G
dG G : G
G hG A Gh Gh G
dG hG a dG hG dG
G hG G
G : d dG G
G
G : d dG G
G
Lh : dG G d G
G dG h h
hG G
: G G a dG
d aG
G
G
h
: G dG adG
57-5
CG FdG
G dG
GQ
CG
Q e Q dG d
, NCG dH
dG H
d GL dG
EG
hL
EG
Q dG
4.03
3.92
aG
dG
4.06
3.85
G L dG
dG
3.71
3.65
LG
dG
3.99
3.74
dG
dG
3.94
3.78
dG
2011/2010 d dG aG
dG
116
dG dG
e L
eGH h EG
I CG d
e HdG
QhH d
Y H EG
O EGh dG
G
QG Hh H
G CG h
G YdG
Y I dG h
GQG e H
G G
G e d
G Gh
dd
Y G , G
GQG N
Y LG
GL dG GQGh
117
dG G
EG d
dG h
G dG
G
d G aG G G
G aG d d aG Gh
G Gh LG G G
d
dG A G L dG
G h . aG a
dG
dG
dG dG E
dG EG
L
d G dG
. G
Gh Gh h
G dG G h
G
dG
F dG
G G
dGh
d dG Gh
G
d h
EG
h h . G A
EG h G
G dG
dGh dG EG
dG G
dG
dGh
dGh d
dG dG
. dG G d
dG
dG EG d
dG h
dG G
d . a G d d G
EG
dG G EG EG
G
G
a . h
d
h G
dG
d h
dG
dG
dG aG L
G h d Ea G hG
h . ah dGh dG
dG dEG
dGh dG
dG G dG
L
d
G : dG d dG
G G
hG
Gh EGh dG
Gh G
G d dG dG h
dG
dG Gh G
dG h G dG
hG G G EG EG
h
G
dGh dG
. 2004 dG h dG
dG
G h
A G h
h G d G
G d dGh dG
h dG
d h
G
dG G
dG
d dG
dG - aG G dG
. dG dG
G G
G G
d
dG a G G
h d G;
dG
dGh G G G L d
G
G h .% 14 h %5.4 hG
G G
G
G dG dG L G
G G G
d dG
dG
dG
d h . dh dG
G G
G h dG
a G G
dG
EG
dGh dG d dG G dG
dG
EG d G
EG G G L G h
G
dG
dG - dG h dG
dG
G d h . dG dG
dG
G G
d G d G G dG
G G dG G dG G
aG dG h h dG G G
h d G G dG d h dGh
EG
G
d LGh G
L d d G dG G G d
. EGh G
a a G G dG
A d h h aG
G h G
G . G G G G
G d G h EG G L G
G h
d a dG
G EGh dG
dG G G h G h
G
dG G
h . G
dG G G
dG dG
dG d G GdG G
a Gh
dG
G
dG aG
dG
G
. d dG G
G G
dG- dG dG
L d G G
G h
G
EG .
G
dG Gh dG
dG
h aG a a d G dG
F dG
d FG dG L
G G2003 dG G h d G
dh .
A EG
dG
G aG d AG h dG G G
- dG dG EG dG dG
L
dGh G dG
G dGh dG h
dG
dG
dG G
L EG
G dG dG G d
Gh
L G . Gh dG
h d LG dG
EG
dG
Gh
dG
aG EG
d L dG dGh
dG EG h G G Gh Gh
. dG dG h dG
G G G
G
A G a
aG
dG G Gh G
d d d Lh G
d AG G
G
G G EG
G dG dGh dG dG
d dGh L G
LG
G . h A G
A EG EG dG dG G dG G EG
G
G
h
L a
G
LG
G EG
d h
G EG G
d A dG h
G
F dG L d dGh dG da . Gh Gh
G
G dG a dG
d h dG d Gh Gh G
G
a G
G
G
dG
dG G
Gh h h aG Gh
A
h
G EG G h . G G h
A Gh G
h
G
h
EG
h Gh dG G G
d Gh G aG G
. Gh a
G G G
2011/2010 d dG aG
d G G dG G
G G
dG dG
dG dG
a . dG h dG
G
L dGh hdG LG
G dG G
Gh
d
h L d dGh dG
G Gh G
a G dG
Lh
G
hG dG
G G
a
Gh dG Gh
A dG G
h . L G
F d G
dG
: dGh dG d
dG
dG a
G
d h G L L dG
. dG G h aG
G E
dG h dG G
G dGh F dG d
LGh G h EG aG
G dG h aG EG
EG G G
. G
dG
G
G
d
h G dG G G
Gh
A dG G EG h
dG d
LG
dG G
G h
G dG
h
; d
d
d h h
a
G dEG dG aG
EG d
h . h
G
G
EGh G G Gh G dG dG
dh
dG h G
dG
G dG L a a
d G G
Gh
dG dG L G h
. LGh a
aGh
G G G
G dG EG
Gh
dG d L d dG
aG h G
AG
dG
Gh
EG L d EG
G G
dG dGh
d Q Rh
dG dG e e
L L
O G
G
QCG h EG
EG
IO h G
CG CG , dG
e e
G
QG e
,OGYEG G
d hO e C
h e
A dG H
H d
e
e Q
G e e
GhOCGh
118
dG dG
q e L d
d A QEG EG
HY H
GQd Q eh
EG
IY q QhO
e
q Y h
HdG G dG
O
G Y Y h
GQG
U G e ,FU
F Y
GQdG
e q h
G dG LCG
h
119
dG dG G L h
dG G h dG G h
L
h
. dG G
dG
dG h h
h dG h dG
h h A dG G E
dG G dG
EG Ea dG
dG EG dG dG
h
hh dG dGh
Gh G EG
G h
... dG G G
h G dG
dG h
a h .
G
a
L dh
d
G G
G G G
L
G A dhGh
ah h h
G EG
G G h
A dG
a
Gh G d
.
dG
h dG
EG LGh dG dG EG
G dG dEG
d FGLEG
dG dG EG L d G
dh dG hG dG G dG Fd hG
h . G G G
d
A EG h
L G d
G d h
d
h
a h EG
h
dG G dG
G F G G G
h G dG
F
EG . h G dG a LG
dG G dG G G G
G dh dG dG
dG hG d F
G a G
h
d G
G dG
d
d dG h . dG G a h h dG
. dG G G h
G dG
a dG G dG G
G
dG dG
dG dG
: dG G
G G
dG- dG dG
2011/2010 d dG aG
120
dG
dG
dG
dG dG
EG d d A dG G E dG
aG
Y dG
GOGh FG dG
CG dG
e , hCG ,
G O L
Q eh HdG
OGYEGh Y
A dG
G
h dG EG
CG EG ,kGR EG
CG Y dO
d IOGQEG
dGh dG
G
Gh G h G
G dG G G d h
dG Gh dG
d
G G Gh G EG
G EG dG dG
Gh
LG G EG
h
h
.aG A dG dG
G
dG
G h
G Gh FG dG
dG dG
L
hG G
dG
h dG G
h L aG A dG G EGh
G dG
A dG hG
. G dGh G G G G
dG a d dG
G G
A d G
dG dG
dG
h dG
h G G
. ah EG
G dG
dG G dG
FG dG h
dG G
d
G G h dG
G h
h
dG
dGh dGh G G
EG d dG Gh G EGh
d G EGh dG LG A
. dG G G dhh aG A
dG
dG
G EG G EG h dG
dG
d G EG G
d
G Gh
G G
h . dGh
EG G Gh dG
dG
G dG
G G G
dG dG G h
G G EG LG G EG
dG
h dG G h h .aG EG d d
121
dG G
Gd
h
dG
dG dEG
dG h dG G aG
h aG A dG L
h
G G G F G
dG
dG A dG G
dG
G
h . G dG
dG
G L h dGh G
dG
G d
LG G EGh dG
EG
.aG EG d d
G
dG YHQ
G G
h G
G hdG
. F
dG
hG G h
h dGh dG h dG
d dGh G EG a h h
G Gh
G dG
da . d
a d A dG dG a h
A dGh dG
FG
G G
dG G dG h Gh dG d
G h . G dGh
EG G EG h aG G
d
Gh dG h L
dG dG h .
h
G
A dG
EG d G
h
G aG A
dG
G
d
d dG G G d h
EG . dGh a dGh G
G dG dG h
d
G A
G h dG G
aG EG d d A dG G E dG
- dG dG
1-6
dG
dG
dG
(... GHEG , G
GQe
Y IQ G
dG
, dG FG dG
(.. dG , G
dG
QRh GQ dG AH d CG
(.. H dG UEG , dG
G
G dG G dG
. dGh dG G dG G LG
G EG
G
A
d dG dG
EGh
dG h .
dG
G dG h dG h G
;aG EG
dG
dG
dG
d h
a dGh d dG G) dG
G EG d h (2008 dGh
dG G) dG G AG G
EG
Gh .(2010
h dGh d d dG
G
d dG h
h dG
dG
dG
h G
dG h dG
dG G . G
dG d h G EG
dG
dG
dG
h. G
dG G dGh dG G
G G
L
EGh
. dG aG G G dEG dG
GdG
dG G dG G
h
G L dG G
dG G G G
dG
dG %20 dG
G %17.1 EG G dG
G
F EG G G G dG
Gh 2010 dG h dG Lh
G dG h Gh G ah
2011/2010 d dG aG
G
h dG
aG hG G
a .
GE h h dG dGh
dG G d G G
h
G G dG G
Gh G dG G
dG
G
dG h G
G dG
aG G G G
h G
G h G
dG G
Gh a G
dGh
dGh G EGh
G h h dG dGh
A dG G E
G dGh
G
dG h :aG
. dG A dG
G
G
dG h dG
dG G
L
dGh h G EGh Gh
a aG h G EG
. G
G G
h dG d
dG dG h
G G
dG dG
dG dG
EG
hdG h
50
dG
h G dGh
dGh G EGh FG G d
a G
G
dG
h
dG
dG G G EG
G
G h . dG dG
dG dG
hG dG
aG A dG G EG
e
HdG G dG
GQOe
LCG e G
GQ dG G e
dGh dG
dG QUCG
HdG hdG e
G EG kN
d h
dG
e G
122
dG
dG dG
UEG EG
hdG dG
HdG
G G Y L
dGh dG
Y
dA Gh G G
Q Gh
dA Gh aG G
dGh
h . Gh
F dG
EG L G .
EG
dG
a ;
G
h
dGh
hG G hG
EG
dG G
EG hG h G G
dG E d LG G h
a .(2008
h dG dG)
Gh h h
G a
EG
dG (Synergy dG
dG dGh dG
a
a EG
G d h . FG LG
G dG
F G
EG
Gh
EG EG EG
dG G
d h
G
EG A EG
G
.
E 1993 a
dG Y IQ dG
NOG EG
I Gh UEG
H NCG H
h e
d e
AYEG
k EG UEG
k
( e
123
GE
EG G G EG
dG hh dG G
EG d d
G LG G EG
:
EG G da aG
G
h h
h dG
d
LE dh
dG
Lh EG dG G d LG G dG
h dG
A F G
. dG dG
QdG G eY
G
dG dG dG G
G h aG
G
dG A L G Gh Gh
G
h Gh dG h
hdG dG h aGh G
. G h d hG
dG
L
dG dG G EG
- dG
h
d d G EGh
dG G
Gh h.d G
G EG dG G
G
dG G h
dG G G G G
; G
dG Gh dG
dG G .aG dGh
L
L dG G Gh GG
A dG G EGh dG dG
d
G G
G
dG G
dG G
G
EG Gh 2004
dG G EG h . dGh G EG
G
G
G dG
2007
G
EGh dG G dGh aG
dG d G dG
L L
Gh . dG G dG
LG dG G E
h
h ; dG
h
dGh dG : G
G
ahG dG G
2008
h . G dG GG
L d dGh d dG G h
G h dG h G
G d L d dG dGh d
Gh d G G a h dG
G dG
G F
dG dG dG
h . dG
dG
d hG h dG G
dG
G dG h . hG
GAG
h h
EG a EG G . h d G G
dG G
G h G G
dG
dG h dG
G h
G
G
dG G G
G dG
dG
h . dGh dG
d
dG G
G Ea d
G G GAG G G dG
EG G hh dG h dG L
dG
dG 18.4 d
.512007-2003
G G
G
h
h F L
EG
G
E d
h
. dG G
G dG dG G
Gh h dG dG hG d h
EG G
dG G G
dG h dG dG
dG G G
L L
aG EG d d A dG G E dG
- dG dG
52
aG
G G dG G
. dG dG
dG dG
G dG hdG dh
h Gh G
dG
dGh G dGh dG EG
G EGh dG G G dG
h
. G EG dG
A dG
dG
F dG dG
EG
h G
G d
dG dGh
G
L h - dGh G G
h a G
G G h
G
G
F dG d h dG
h
EG EG .AL dG d
G EGh
dG dG G a G
G h d
d A dG
G G EG G LGh
dG A h G G dG
. dG dG
G LG dG dG eY
HdG
dG G G
dG
dG h h G h
Lh
EG d d dG dG G E
LG dG G Ea aG
dG
dG
GG
dG a . dG G
dG dG
dG dG d a
A d
h A dG G EG L
. G a G
h dG
h dG G dG
G h
dG dGh dG dG %13 EG
dG h dG %17.1 EG %4
hG
h
G
G h dG %36.4 EG
h dG Lh F EG G G
dG dG
h ; 2010 dG
dG h d dGh G
LG dG dG %50 EG
h
dG dG h . dG
h Gh dG h EG
A Gh dG h G EG
dG
h . dG
h LG dG ah dG GG
h LG dG dG
2011/2010 d dG aG
G
G G G dG
Gh ( G dG
%2000)
EG
dG h dG dG
G
h G EG
dG d 520 EG h G
dG d 140 h
G
dG d 200
G
G
G .
dG h d G L G hdG
GA h G dG G G
G
a . G
dG
G L d
EG aG
Lh G Lh A dG
dG d dG L h . h
aG G dG
G
G
G G G G
G d
h . dG A Gh GA
h d d
G a G G
G G
Ea G
dh
d dG
G
aG G G
F dG d G E
h dG L d dG h d G
h a
dG hG
dG
hG G
dG G dG
. d L h
G G EG
CH de
G L
A dG YU
QHG Lh
Lh
Ih EG G
dG dG NG eY
Gh G d
A dG G E G dG dG dG
G dG
G EG aG
dG dG
h . G EG
h dG h G 2010 d
dG d
G hG dG
dG
h .1970
dG
hG G G
FG Gh dG
h G G
Gh . dG G Gh dG
dG dG hG G G EG
dh 169
32 Gh 2010
h . 2010 F EG G G
h dG
h Lh G G
G dGh
Lh dG G a ; dG
d dG
dG
G
.( G dG 145 147 133)
h
dG G dG G G
h G dG
G G
G A
G G
dG dG
G LG
eh ,HdG
,eCG
EG IQ dG
dG Y h
h , Gh
GHEG
124
dG
dG dG
dG
e NEG EG
HdG hdG
H QOG OGYEG
IQ h I N d
G
Y
h GHEG EG
L , G NGh
G G CG EG
I G e dG
( dGh GQG
Q G G dG
, GdG HdG
e dG Y
Q G I
Y h O h
125
h dG d G dG dG
hh dG
dG
G dh .
dG
dG h G L d G
d G d . d
G dG
h . dG dG
A dG G EG
dG
. dG dG
h G aG
G h dG dGh A dG G EG EG
dG %43.8) dG %62.9
%19.1 h
a 19
G
h 24 EG 20 dG
G
aG h
h dG d a
dG dG L
h dG
dG G
dG
h L EG
d h ; h
G Gh G EG a h aG
h
. dGh
G EG dG G
h
dG
dGh G Gh G dG
d a . d G
dG G dG dG
h aG
EGh dG
LG
G G G h
EG Ea d dh . a dGh dGh
d
G G EG dG h dG
G EG EG G
h
G
G G EG L G Gh
h
dGh G G
G
dG
GdG dG G G dG
. h h G
dG
L EG L
G
G h
G EG) dG LG dG
dG
. 1985 G
G dG aG dG
EG
2011/2010 d
dG a G
dG dGh
dG G G
dG A
h . G h G
dG dG G dG dG
E a a h h LG
G LG G EG
dG
EG h h
G
d h G dGh G G dG A dG
dG a dG G
dG G h G dG
dG
da . dG h dG
dG h dG G G
Gh G G
. G
G EGh dGh dG
dGh G
d h
dG h dG h
Lh
EG aG EG a EG G G
h h a d
G
h G dGh dG
G EG . dG G
G
h Gh h
dG
G h .aG G EG
dG G G G F
G
G LG Lh G EG
G dGh aG
G G G G F EG . d
dG dG dG EG EG
dG dGh dG dGh
LG G EG
dG a G GE
.aG EG d d
G
dG
G
dG dh
G
dG
d G
hG G dG
dG dG h dG
. dG
dG
dG d G
dG h h
h a dG dG d EG hG
G
d dG
dG
dG LG dG
dG
Gh dG
dG h . a h h LGh
dG
dG h dG
. dGh LG
Gh
dG G G
G LG dG a
G EGh . dG A dG d G EG G dG
EG h
d d G
dG a
dG
aG A dG G EGh LG
G F dG h
dG
G
Ea
EGh dG
L F
G
dGh G aG A dG
. h L dG
aG EG d d A dG G E dG
- dG dG
1-6
EG
dG dG A dG F
dG a Gh dG aG G
dG
G dGh G
G G G
G dG
h
G . G F dG
dG hGh
F a
d
G LG G EGh A d dG
d
d
F G
G h . G
dG
aG h dG G dG : dGh G G
G G
EG . G L
h dGh G dG h dh EGh h G
dGh
dG
dGh dG dG
dGh G EGh dG dG h
GaG
G
h dh G
dGh G Gh dG dG dG
Gh dGh A dG G h
EG LG EG h
dG
h G G h .aG
dG EGh G EGh
dGh dG
G
G dG dG
G G
.
G EG
G
dGh
hGh
dG G
d G EG :
. G dG dG
G G
dG G EGh
dG dG G dG dG
Ea
G G
G
GG G G
. EG h G dGh G
(2004
G) G G
a
G
h dG
G
dG a G
h . dGh
aG
G dGh 2009
G G . dGh Gh
EG G G G G dG G
EG h Gh G dG
. dG d
dG G N
G
ah G
dG EG
L
2-6 dG h .
Gh
dG d
G
h . dG A d A dG G E
hG : h
dG G
G G h
dG
h dG dG h hG EG
h Lh : G
aG
G
Lhh ; dGh Gh
h h dG G
G EG
h ;
dh d
2011/2010 d dG aG
d L
d
h dG
L h F
LG da .
G
L
dG
GE EG
G dG
A dG
dGh G G
a
dG A d
.aG
G dG G
G dG
h
dG EG G G
G Gh G
G L G EG
dG
dG
G dh
dG
dG dG G dG
dG G G G
FG G
EG G
dG h
Gh . G
h dG dG GhG
dG
. Gh d
a
dG EG dG d
h
dG h . G h dG
dG a
dG
dG d G G
dG dG
dG
dG . h
G G
h . d G
d
G
G (2009
)
dG h dG d a
G G G
h
G dG G : h dG
dG A dGh G G dGh dG
dG G G
dG a d
EG
dG
LCG OGYEG
I G
IQh CG
eeh e
EG
HdG AdG
dGh GQG
d h ,H G
UEG Q EG
e Q L
dG d
dG , G
dN eh H
e AdG
h F N
I L
Y dG
Y LG
e
G N L
U Ad e
q dG dG
C e
G
126
dG
dG dG
h . a dGh dGh LG
dG G dG h d dG
G G G
dG A dG G EG L
A dG
h aG
h . dG dGh dGh G G
G G EG d dG G
G Gh hG EG
dG
E A dG G EG
. G aG
;
h h
G G . h G h dG G E
G EG
a dG G
dG
G dG h
dG G
h aG A d
dGh dG
Gh G
LG h
d
EGh
Gh dG h
G
dG
dGh Gh G G
2-6
dG
GdG
II(G kdG
eGkG
D|G k
H|dG $dG
66
0GdG dG Lke < K E(G LkG <
dG 4K
66CG kG
4nk6G K <CG cH
<(G K hM4- K -
-GK eG /d-
MqkdG K 4kHG I
dG EG
eG G G
hCG Q EG
e G Gh
Y
e AdG OGYG
G
eCG
d e hQ
... ... e
127
aG EG d d A dG G E dG
- dG dG
h .aG L EG
Gh G
dGh dh G
Gh A EG
dGh
dG G
dG G . h h aG E
G L
dG dG
EG dG Gh h G
d EG a aG
G G :
G Lh
h
a EG a aG
dG hG dG dG
L
; A EG G dG
dG
a
FG EG G
G G LG FG dGh
dG a G Gh
dG dG
dGh G dGh G G
L G dG A
EG
G dG LG a hG
L d
Gh G dGh
dG dG
h ; G h
EG
AG Gh
dGh
Gh
G a
;a dGh aG
dG Lh
dG
a d dG dG G
Gh
dG h Gh
dGh
G G Gh dGh dGh G
dG aG Gh EG a E d d
.aG F h
d L G dG a EG
dG G G EG a
EG A dG
Gh
h h L h aG h
dG dG G d Gh dG
G
dGh a Gh G G
Gh G
G h . dGh
dG a dG dG d
G
dG dG
G
. AG dG
G
A dG G EG EG :`` ` ``e``dGh QG
a G
dG h dG
d
h .
dG G G G
G dG G
G L L EG dG
dG dGh
d
Gh G
Gh dGh dG
dGh
G A
dG
h . G
2011/2010 d dG aG
G AdG OGYEG e
d e hQ AH
aG dG A dG G E
GE h Lh
aG
ah
d G
G dG
hG
d h dGh Gh
G h d h
G h . dG G dh
G dG G d hdG
G EGh A dG G EG G
AG G
Aa dG
dG
dG EG
EG G
EG aG
h dG
dG dG dG
G EG d
h dG dG
Lhh .
h
ah A dG
EG d hdG
EG d Gh G EGh
. h
h h
h
OGYEG
AdG
hQ , G
e e
IO Y
IOGQEGh
EG d YGh
Nh
Yheh
Gh
a
h dG A dG G EG EG
h dG
dGh G Gh
Gh
EG dG G
dG L h G
dG dG A LG G
L G G h .aG
h
G G
dG G
A dG G EG h
d
: aG
` ` ` G A`` ` `` `dG ` ` e `` L`` `` ` ` A`` ` `H
``` ```e ` `e ` e``` ` ` d k` ` Q`` ` `eh k` ` ``` e
a
:`` ``` G ` ``
Lh
dG h dG
h .
G
dGh A dG
G
dG
hG h .L G dG A
G d ; dG d dG
G d EG dG dG
L d d dG G
dG a . dG dh dG h d
h G G G Lh
d Ea G G
G
L d h
dG I EG
, L G
d
G EG
dG NG
,AdG I Gh
EG C
N IY
Y Geh
Oh h L h
I dG UH
IHGh
128
dG
dG dG
L dG EG
edG
NG L dG
QG d
h G
IQGOEG dG
h
CH
h G O
edG eG Y EG
d e hdGh
G dG QCG Y
F HdG
Q G
h hQ
Yheh Nh
H
AdG OGYE
G
dG G Gh
h G
dG G dG
G
d h dGh
h h
G F
h h
h
h a G A dG G E
dG G
G d G
dG EG dG G
.
dG G G
h dG G G a d a d
. G L d dGh dG G
G EG dG
G h
G dG Gh a G
LG
G h
dGh G d
d dG G
Gh
dG G Gh dG
h dG G
h d
L EG Gh dGh G
. dGh G h
GQ`` ` dG A``` H ` NG``eh ` F``` h O```
A
G d :AdG ``d G
aG G EG
LG G
dGh dG dG
d
G G EG dG G
dG G
h .aG A h
A dG G
h
G
Gh dG
dG G dG
dG
d dG dGh
E a dG G
h . G d
G dGh dG dG
G dG
G G G G
G
L dG dG
L dGh .aG
dG h G G
d G
h
G EG
. h G
`` `` ``` ``` ` ``H RG ` `` `dG G`` ` EG
`` `` ` UEGh O`` ` ` ` `` ` G ` ` ` `` `dGh , ` `` ` ` `dG
hG dG a
EG :``Y`` ``LG
a
G
G
h
dG
G EG d
LG
E d G
Lh
h dG h LG dG dG
dG F dG G G
G
d h G
h dG
h G h
G
. a h h LG h G G
G G dG
EG EG
EGh G
EG
h
. LG
`` ` ` `` ` `` ` ` `dG ` ` e`` `` ` ` ` dG ` `` ` ` `
``e`` Gh ,```H```dG h``dG ``H O G
dG dG EG :`````dG O``` `` G
G h
G G dG
2-6
D|G k (G sddG dG H|
G G dG dG h
G
dG dG
a h
G G dG dG
G
dG dGh
G
hh aG
L
dG G EG kHGQh ; dG G G dG Gh . G dG G
EG hdG
dG
(R&D) dG dGh dG
G G
dG G dG G G
. dGh dG L d dGh L d dGh G dG
. dG G h
G dG Gh :
dG
G
IIT L d d dG
h dG
Gh G dG
F
k hCG
k
. dG dG G G
dG
aG G h ; dG dGh G
h dG G
dG
G
G EG dG G L d d
a G
Gh dG
d G .aG dG G G G G
h dG
h d G L
G G G G
dG
dG G dG d G dG h
Gh . dGh
dGh Gh h hG G d G G dG h adGh
L
dG
h G L d d dG dG
EG dG
dG kd h ; dG
G G ddGh
EG/ dG G h
dGh
dG dG h . dG AL G F G d G
EG dGh dG
d
G EG
d
G dG
EG
G G
G EG G G G EG
EG dG
. dG
dG
G L h
G Gh dG dEG h aG
. G G dG dG Gh
. dG
.2003 LG h
129
EG
2000
aG EG d d A dG G E dG
h dG dG :
- dG dG
a
h h
G
h dA Gh G
dGh G
G G h dG h . a dGh dG
G G
G
dG h dGh aG
h d Gh
dG dG G
h
G h G EG
G G dG G G
G EG
dG
F h
dG G
d G
h (R&D) dGh dG
Gh G
h
.(2010 hG dG
) dG hdGh
a . G
d Gh
dG h G
d
dG Gh a dG G dG
h 53 dG
d
G
. G dG A h GaG h dG dG
dGh dG
d h
d G . Gh
dG L EG
dG G E
d National Productivity Corporation
G a h
G h L EG
. G h G Gh
h dG Ad dG Qh
G
d G AG dG
G G
dG dG d
dG
h h hG G
dG
dG dG dGh
aG
G d
dG EG
G h dGh Gh
G d EG
hG
dG
G E a a G A
dG A dG G E d h
: aG
Gh e G
Gh G EG
A dG G EG
F
dG
dG h .aG
Gh aG EGh dG
dGh
. G h
G Gh G
2011/2010 d dG aG
dG Gh
Gh G
G EG E a d . G
Gh
G aG G dG A h aG
aG h
G G G
hG hG a hG a hG
Gh G EG aG ah a
L h
dG
G
aG d G h . d
h dGh aG
dG
dGh EG dG
LGh EG G G
dG
G
G
a d
. 2006
E
h hGh
: Y Nh G EG N
ah dGh h dG L d h
G EG
EG
G L
. G
h
h G
hG
AG
G
h
L L
EG hG h
dG
G G
ah dG
dG dG
hG h . Gh
h
dG G dG G
G
EG L dGh dG
AG G G h dGh dh Gh dG
G h . Gh dG h
dA Gh dh G a LG G
G E A h a dGh
G
G h . h G
hG
Gh G G
dhGh d
G hG
dh d G dG dG a G
G G G d h dG Lh
. dG d G dGh
:YhG h dG IQGOEG e
G dG G E
G h G dh dG
A dG G EG
h dG G EG
A EG
G E G
d ah h G
h . L G dGh
G dG G G
. G/ dG G dG
d ah
G dG h dG
h
da d G
h
h G Lh G E G
G IQGOEG EG
GQ dG AHh
CG H G
GQOG Y
e IOG
Q CG eh
hCG hCG
hCG O hCG
H h ,
GHEG G
G QHGh
e G EG
e Gh
Y FQ
AdG OGYEG
G
130
dG
dG dG
G E
aG
G GE h dG h Gh
dG
G EG
hh dGh
dG
. G
h
A d
Gh
d G
h
:
O G L EG
, G h
dGh GHEG
G NGh
dG CG
dG H
G
I G C
e dCG
OGYEG h dG
e dG dG
HdG AdG
h t
.
dGh
LG G G a Gt
. dG
dG
G A dGh dG t
h
dG dG a h G dG
h
G
. dG G G
dG
d G t
dG h Gh dG
. EGh
dG A t
dG
h dG
. dG dG aGh
dGh dG G
t
dG dG AG G L d dGh
G
a dGh
Gh
L A d dG Gh
h dGh
Gh A dG
. dG dG aG
h G d Gt
a
G dG GG h
L h
G
dG a G EG
dG
Gh G
G G EG
dG
Gt
dG F dGh dGh
dG a dG h dG
. EGh dG
Gh
A Gt
Gh
dGh dG
. G h G G GAG
G
h aG d
dG
dG OGYEGh dG
dG dG
G
dG
dG
G aG
dG A dG dG dG G EG h
131
2000 h G h
dG G dGh G h dG
L d dG dGh dG
G EG
dG h G dG
h . h aG Gh
dGh
adG d F
G
h . G
h Gh dG h
G d FdG
G
G dG aG
dGh
G G h dG dG
G Gh
d d dG Gh
dG Gh dG EG dG dGh
G G EG L G G h aG
.(2003
E h dG dG)
d
G G G
dh
G EG
Gh G
: G
A dG
h
G G EG LG t
dG Gh G L
. dGh dG h
dG G
dG t
G G dGh dG LG h
G
dG G
. G G
h
G
G G
dG t
dG G G
G aG h
. A dGh
d LG G G
t
dG G h
. dG d G EG
L
h ht
G G dG EGh
h d
L EG Gh Gh Gh
. G L dG Gh Gh
dGh QHG
aG h G L EG
h . G Gh
dGh G EG
G
dGh G
a G dGh dG L EG G
dGh dG
dGh
dG
AG G
dG
dG h
G G
h . A dGh
LG G EGh dG dG A
aG EG d d A dG G E dG
- dG dG
G dG h
dG h
E G LG G
. G
``````dG `` ` ` dG ` ` ` ` ` Y ` ` ` dGt
EG h G G G
dG EG G dG dG
aG aG
LG
G h dG EG d h h
dG EG a E
EG
dG
dG
G dG
. G
G
h , dGh dG `` t
dGh . Gh
dG
dG dG
d G
d G dG
Gh Gh dGh G EGh
L
dGh
LG G E G dGh G G
.aG
G
,```Y`` ` Gh `` O``` dG GQO``` G ```` t
Gh d dG
d
dG
EG d dG Gh
h
G
. G EG Gh dG G G
` ```dG dG IA``` ` Qh t
Gh L
. G h dGh dG
IQG`` ` ` d ```e ` `dG `` ` CG A``` H t
h h hG G h
dG d G G
G
A dG aG G dG
G d
G
L G G h dG
dG
G G G h
L
Gh L EG G
G dG G ah G
.aG
dG ``` `` `G IO`` YEG t
G
G EGh
d
Gh dG
G h L G h LG
d h G dG G
G d h Gh EG
dG
G EGh
G
. G EGh
` ` ` dG ` `e `` H`` ` ` G ` Y``` ` dGt
2011/2010 d dG aG
. dG dGh dGh G G d
dG G
dG dG Ea
dh
G
G dG h dG G dG
G (2000 ) d dG
dG
G A G G dG
G F G h . G h
G EG
LG dG G
h G dG G d
dG A dG L
h dG G
dGh aG F G G
.aG EG d d dG G L dGh
dGh dG F G h
. dG dG G EGh dG
dG
h
dG G
dG
dG
dG
hd L h h
h
h d d
L h dG
E
Ea aG A dG G G
G
G dG dG G G G EG L
G G FGLEG G G
: dG
dG dG G dGh
a ,`` `` ` HCG ``` eCG ` `Y A``` ` `dGt
aG EG
G
d G G G
A dG h
L d dG G
a
G
. h a dGh aGh
`` e ` ` ` `` `G `` `` ` ` `` ` ` ` ` h `` ` `` ` t
G
A dG d ``` ` Gh
Gh G G G
.
Gh L EG G G G
IG d d `` ``Y``dGh Q G t
dG
dG
d dG
h G
G
h
dG A G h G
LGh a
h G G
dG EG :```H```dG dG t
d
dG dG dG
LG G
h dG d
G G
dGh
dGh
dG dG
h . G
L d dGh dG
d
. d G a
dG
E d
G h
dG d
h h
G dG EG
GQO F CG
dG G
LCG
G d OGYEG
HQCG dG
Y ,HY hO
dG G
L Yh
HdG AdG
F G G
dGh G
GL dGh
EG d d eRdG
. G
F G h
dG
O H dGh
Q
I
OGYEGh dG
dG dG
132
dG
dG dG
Q G eh YCG H
CdG
e CG Y
CG
G G
GhOCG AH
L
h
dG
dGh GQG
dG dGh
EG .AdG d
dG C e
CG GhOCG
G hd
GhOCG HdG
Y e
Le
, dGh d
L d d h
G Qh
e EG
EG L ,GhOCG
GQNG e L
dG
aG Gh aG dG G
GA L EG
F h h A dG G E G
h h G
dG
G G G
L
G
G EG G
h F h G
d
h G
h
d h
adG
dG
G
Ea
. dGh
G dG
h Gh
L EG G G h d
G
dG h
Gh
G Gh G h
dG LG
EG dG G dG L
G
dG EGh A d aG dG
dh
G G d
d
h .aG
dG G
h aG G
EGh
h d
G Gh G EG h G
dG
G F h
d h G dG G EGh
EGh G
.aG
dG
dG h
G dh dG G
a d d h
dG L
h ah
dG :`` `` ` `dG
G
G G
hG h
L
G
dG AG G h
d Gh dG
. dG
dG
dG G
h
G aG
G G
G d G G G dG
A
dG G G EG
G
dG L
h Gh G
dG dGh dGh G G
dG
EG .A dG d
Gh G dG G h d G Gh G
L
L d d h
dGh d
Gh G
EG G h
h . dG G G L EG L
G G
G
G dG h
G G dG
h G dG
d
dG G
EG
G G
.
dG dG
dG
3-6
EG
dG
G G EG
dGh
G G
dG
d G
A : h a G EG d
G EGh
d h
dGh G G EG LG dGh
h . G
L Gh G dG dG dG aG
dG EG
G
h G
dGh dG dG dG
. L d dG
G dGh dG
G G GaG d dG
Gh G L d dGh aG
d dG
Gh
G d G
(ICT)
F dG
d A : h
National Quali- G d
dG EG
d
dG
dG
aG
dG dG h cation Framework
. dGh dG dG
dG h dG dG G
dGh . adG G
d
h dG
dG G dGh dG . dG
d L d G dG G
h ...PISA & TIMSS G
. Gh hG h a a
h
L
d d
dG AG EG ddG h
a d EG dG dG
h d
h dG G
. LG G G
EG
h G
dG G
h
G G dG dGh dG G
dG dG h
dGh dG dG
. G dGh h hG
.2004 h dG dG :
133
aG EG d d A dG G E dG
- dG dG
: G G G
EG
h LG ht
LG dG dG G E Gh G h
h d dG
A dGh
. dG a h dG
G dGh dG G EGt
d G
G dG
h a
h d
h Gh dG
EGh dG dGh Gh Gh G
dG h dG Gh
. G Gh
Gh G h GG t
G dG hh a h h a
. dG dGh G dGh d
dG dh d
EG t
G dh dG
G h . G
G d
h
h dh G G
EGh G
a h
G L d LG
h
dG dGh dG
. dG dG h G EG
ah G dG G t
E G
dG d
dG
dGh dG
F G
. G G
h G h
d a dG G
t
A h a dG dGh GhdG
. EG dGh G Gh d aG
dG e G G dG
dG h
dG EG
dG
dG G
G
G
G
dG FdG EG
a a . dEG dG dG a G
dGh G G A dG G EG d
dG
G dG dG dGh
h dG dG
dG
G LG G EG
dG
dG A
G
dG
.aG
h
G G
dG
dh
FdG
G G dG
2011/2010 d dG aG
h G
h
: G G G FGLEG G
G dGh dG G G t
G
G dG
LGh dG d G G
. dG
G Gh
L A t
h G A h dG
d
. Gh G dGh dG
d dGh dG G dG
t
G
dGh dGh dG
. G
d G
d
EG A t
EGh dG G G
. dG G d
A d G
EG t
h d
dG h
Gh L EG
A dG aG Gh dGh
.aG EGh G EGh d dG
G EG dG dG A G t
G dG h G G EGh G
d h d G dG
. dG h a dGh G dG
dGh dGh Y LG dG
dGh dG G dG EG
dG
h d aG h
G Gh . a h LG
h d dG A dG
G LG
dG
dG G
E G d G G EG Gh
G EG
Gh dGh G
LGh a dG dG G h . h G
G dG G EG d G dGh
E a a G d
G
G
hG hG
a
h
G G
hG LG
h G d LG
G EG
.aG A d
G dG A
h
LG dG dG h
dG G
a dGh dGh
A dG G EG
d
h
AGLE G h aG
dG G
h I G
, dG U
dG d
Y E kG
G O e
dG Y F
h e dGh
YOh NG
G G
YOh ICGG
Gh ,I CG
k Yh k e H
e ,k h
OGYE Qh
AdG
G
134
4-6
.2020 h A G G d
EG
Gh 2020 dG
G d G 3-6 dG
h
Gh G L d
ahh h EG G dG
dGh
aG a d G h d ahh . h EG
2000-1996
G EG
G G h G
GaG h
F dG
dG G
G
G
G
(Multimedia Super Corridor) (MSC)
dGh
h dG h dGh dG
4015
EG dGh dGh dG
dG d EG
G dG dG G G
h . G
G EGh A dG G Gh h
aG h h G G a h .2020
A h dG
Gh Gh h
d G G h
h
h dG G G G E
Gh . dGh
dGh dG G
G
EGh
G h
G dG
G
d
G EGh
dG a
h dG
G dG hdGh hh dG
Gh
. G Gh EGh dG G dh
dG
h G
h d L
LG h G Lhh
h aG
EG dG
a G h d h F
a G G
h . G d EG d dG aG
d
d . LGh G
h
Gh G dG h
d
G
150 G
. dG
aG
dG h .aG G G EG
G
1998
: G
dG
dG dG
dG
e I N GG
dG FdG
G e CG
GQG dG
dGh dGh
LCG d
dG
EG
Gh
dGh dG G
EG
dG dG
a dGh h
d d
G d A dG G EG
.
h aG EG
dG G
G dG
LG d dGh dGh G G
G a . dG
G
aG G G
dG h
EG
3-6
dG
G FdG
- L EG G
dG G dG
LG dG
dGh
Gh
EG
G Gh
L d dG
dG
dG
dG
G -
G
1998
135
aG EG d d A dG G E dG
- dG dG
d G A G
L
aG G
d
dG
G dG
h
hG h . AG dG
dG h dG G G dG dG d
h h hG G
d h h G d a G G
h AG Gh Gh EG L
G h
dG G G
dG G
h . a G h
dG G
G G dG
a
Gh G G G G d
Gh Gh
G d L G
G
dGh dG G d
.
h
G
dG hG dG
dG G
E a dG
G
G
dG G
dG dG
dG G EGh dG
h . G G
Gh h dG
Ea dG
G
dh G d h
A dG G EG d G G EG
G G h . G a G
G dG Lh G G
G
dG h dG G h
. dG G EG
a
G EG
dh
. G h
G EGh G dGh dG aG EG
EG
dG
h dG ah
.aG A dG G E G L
hGh d G G
h
d G AG G d G
G G h dG h h G
. G dG G G dGh
dGh dG CG
Gh dG dG
Gh L G dG dG
G
G EG
d G G
G .aG A dG
2011/2010 d dG aG
dG e eC
h
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
G
h
dGh
G EG
dG d
EG
dG dG
d
h A dG
G EG aG EG
dGh
Gh dG
GdG
aG
dG h dGh G
dGh dG
h
G EG
dG LG G G h
.aG dG A dG
dG
h
dG ah aG A dG G EG
a G
G
G
h d G
h dG
G G h . a
h dG G Gh G
: G
h. a h
G
L
G EG
d dGh aG dG a d
dG LG
d Gh A dG
G dG G
dh
. dh dG dG dGh
Gh G aG G
EG
h dG
a
EGh
EG
G
G dEG dG FdG
. dG A dG G EG EG a dG L
dGh HG
a
QOG H UQ
,
e G h
CL d eCG
Q H
H e
d
Y e
O G dG
( dG Q
AG
dGh d
LG L d hG dh d G dG
aG dG A dG
G
dG h
dG h G h hG
EG G AG d
G
. dG G
G dG dG
hG
L h
dG
G
d G EG d
d h G G h
dG G EG
Y
dG
dG h
eCd e h
dG e
G
136
dG
dG dG
EG Y EG
IQG dG Ge EG
dG G
G
HY L EG
eG , e
dG
UQh G
Qh dG OQG G
I dG Od
dH dGh
OG dG
G
dG
G
137
d h G G d dG
dG
h dG Gh dG
d
Gh G dG EG
.aG dG A dG G EG
G
G
GE G G EG d h
dGh G
h
G LG
dG dG L
EG EGh
d LG h G
d d dG dG
aG : d ah aG EG
. dG dG dGh Gh
G
d G h
G dG G EG
EG E a
L EG aG dG G
G dG G
dGh
dG d h dG G G
h
. G G
dG G dG d
dG
dG
G dG EG
LGh G
dG h A d a h h
G EG d
h
dG dG
G
L dG A dG
dG
G
h a G
a h dh G G EG d
. dG EG
h
G dG
a dG G G G
d h EG
h dG G
G EGh dG G dG dA Gh
G dG h . h LdG
G G dG dG EG
G G a
dGh
G G d d
dG G . dG
Gh A dG
. G dG d G
dG
dG
a dG h dG
da
dG G
hG d G G h
G h
G h
G EGh aG EG
dG
dG h dG G d d A dG
. G G
G
eG G dG OQG G H
h dG h
G G G
G dG dG
h EG G
d dG dG G G
EG G d h . dG
h G dEG
G
G dG
h
a EG A dG G EG hG
dGh G dG
G dG EG
G G Lh G dG h
aG EG d d A dG G E dG
- dG dG
G dG
Knowledge Workers -1
. h G G
Globalism
dG hG
-2
. 2006 L h h dG
dG dG
dG L dG
h G
G dG d
dG
2012 dG G G dG
-4
-5
G
dG G -6
dG
-7
F G
d ah dh
h dEG G -8
d d
dG
Civil Equity
dG
dG AG G
G/ G EG
dG
9-1 G dG
F dG
A E d dG
2000 G h 1990 L
dG
LGh dG dG
EG ah d dG dG GE h dGh
d
G dG d
dG h . dG dG h G Gh FG G
. G
dG G
G dG G h dG G
LEGh
http://www.unesco.org/ar/home/resources-services/statistics G/ 23
d EG
. dGh dG
dGh GdG
G dG d dG G
d h
G -11
. G G d G d d d dG h G
-12
dG G EG A G 2011 F aG
Reasoning Gh Applying
dGh Knowledge aG -13
Program for International Student Assessment
Reading Literacy
dh 2003 dGh dG
G
G G
EG
Ld G
G dG G d
Gh 2009 G dG
h . dG d
G dG
AG dG
-14
-15
-16
h dEG G dG F dG
dG
dG
G dG h dG
G dG F G . dG G G EG EG
dG G G G dG d G
2011 G/
G 8 www.internetworldstats.com h dG G
2008 G dG G h G G
.2011 / G a 25 http://www.womengateway.com
G G EG 2000 dG h d EG G F EG G G G
-20
-21
-22
-23
-24
http://www.pogar.org/arabic/
-25
-26
FdG h dG A G G G dG G
h d
d dG G
2011 G/ 23 http. Btselem.org/Arabic/ about~Btselem/ index.asp
2011 G/ 23 www.arabvolunteering.org/corner/avt252666.html
-27
-28
-29
www.alukah.net/culture/0/19913 -30
World bank 2005 conflict in Somalia. Drives and Dynamics. www.worldbank.org/ Somalia/ Somalia Millennium d - -31
velopment goals. Somalia socio- economic survey 2003 world bank
http://www.unicef.org/arabic/har2010/index~somalia.php -32
. G
2011/2010 d dG aG
dG
EG dG L Ea d h . d
dG L
dG
dG dG G
-33
www.worldbank.org/etools/KAM2/KAM~page5.asp
-34
138
www.worldbank.org/indicator/GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.Z5/countries h dG dG
: G
Problem Situation
Criterion-Referenced Test
self attribution
dG dG
. Constructivism and Cognitivism G G
G G EG G d G G d h G
a FdG G
G
G dG aG
G
EG d dGh a G G dG
G dGh dG
G GE
G dG G dG G G d G
G G G G G h . dG d
G h dG EG
G dG G EG a G dG
.
G
A
dG G h dG
FdG G
dG
dG dG
G G Lh G
LG dG G
h dG
dG h dG
dG
-35
-36
-37
-38
-39
-40
. dG dGh L d dGh dG
dG dG L d dGh dG -43
.2003 28 G
. aG h dG d LG dG .
dG dG G -44
. G dG d dG dG dG G d . G h dG G -45
d dh dG
EG dG . dGh G dG
accessibility -46
savior-devenir -47
Savior-tre -48
56
G dG d dG dG dG G d . G h dG G
dG
%5 dG
dG h dG
G
. G G
G EG %20h
h dG dG
. 2011 G/ 28 / G AG G
13 dG G h aG G d
49 dG 45 G EG 44 dh 50 aG G 3 KAM h dG dG G
ah
21 G Gh .2000 G 11 h G dGh
G G
hG Gh Gh G d
dG
27 Gh aG h hG dG
dG G
Gh aG h hG dG
. dG
-49
-50
-51
-52
139
G dG- dG dG
2011/2010 d dG aG
140
dG dG
LG GQhCGh LGG
141
LG G hGh LGG- dG dG
2011/2010 d dG aG
142
dG dG
.( dG dG EG
dG h d EG G . dG
.h
F EG G G
h F EG G G t
`` `` ` .2009 G G
.( CG h `` hCG
. Gh
IAG`` ` ` .2010
t
G .(2009 ,HdG G
28-29
G
dG
.2010 d
`` `` ` `` ` .2008
L t
. dG h dG G .( dG
143
HdH LGG
`````e .1985 G
G EG t
` `dG ``e ` ``G ```L `d ````dGh ` ` ` dG
. dGh d h dG G .(HdG
UG dGh dG .2008
.( H h HQ e ,
. 13
dG . dG
A dG G dG
G
hG Gt
dGh H dG
G
dG
. G
dG N .2008 dGt
d dG G .(HdG ` `dG
.
a dGh dGh
`` ` `` ` G .2004
G t
G . L
L .(``` ` ` ` dGh
aG G Gh dGh a d dG
. dG 303 dG
: e ``Y .2000
G t
L .(``` ``` `` ````U `` ``dG ``
dGh d
. dG
. dG
h dG Lh G G t
h``dG dG `` `` .2009 dG
. dG dG , hCG A G :HdG
.(`` YGQ ` `dGh ``FG ` ` dG ` ` eCG , ``` dG A ` ` G
dG G EG dG h dG L
. dG LG dGh
ddG HdG dG .2010 ---t
Q Gh ,2010 dCd dG G CG
.(
Y dG O G ``eRCG
.h
G G
.2003 F EG G G t
``` `d ```H```dG ``` ``` ` EG ``` ```dG `` `` `
G .( G ``e`` EG `` ,2003
G G dG h d EG
.h
F EG
LG G hGh LGG- dG dG
` ` ` dG .2008
dG d t
.( HdG H dG e G e EG
. EG G
`` ` ` h .2009 dG G t
O```dG ``` ```dG `` `` ` `` YEG
. dG 2009 .(HdG
. dG
Q`` ` EG .2010 dG G t
:``H``` dG ` ` ` G AGOCG ` ``` O``` ` ` EG
. dG .(eGHh
.2003 G
G
h t
dG e : ` ` EGh F dG
.(`` ` H`` ` EG ` ` ` ` d A``` ` dG `` d
. dG G h d dG dG
dG IO ` L .2008 a t
d EG dG :HdG hdG
EG
.( d d ``eCG e
G
EG G
. dG G d d
dG h dG d EG dG
. / G a 21-19 . h dG
.2000 d G h hG h t
G L .(`` ` `` `L `` ` `d `` `` L ` ` ` `Y
. dG d dG G dG .
h G G .2002
L t
EG
h .(``H```dG ```dG G
.2002 G . . dG
http://www.pogar.org/publications/
gender/2002/suad/gendra.pdf
I dGh dG .2009
G t
``` H``` dG ``H`` ` ` dG : `` `` ` dG EG ``` H``` dG
G
.( d dG CdGh
.h dG
dG
.2006
h G
t
`` ` , ` `` ` ` dGh `` `` ` UEGh ``` ` ` dG
EG .( ` ``dG G Y EG
. E G
k` `` ` `` e .2011
t
14 . dG h dG .( ``` `dG dH
.2011 G a
2011/2010 d dG aG
Q```` G .2009
dG L t
L .( dG G NG IOYEGh dG
h dG G G dG .
G
. dG G G
`` `` G `` `` ` .2007 t
d dG G dG .( G dGh
. dG
`` ` ` GQO .1986 h
dG
t
GQO , H dG OQ H H
dG. GdG A G hG G .( H
.
d ee H .1993 --- t
A
dG ``` UEG `` hQ :`` `e````e
dG .( dGh O G dG G e
2 dG d dG dG . dGh
. .1993
``` `` ` ` dG ``` ` ` ` dG .2006 --- t
`` hQ :`` ` `eCG `
EG ` N``e :`` ` ` ` dGh
dG h Gh G
.(`` `` `
G a G G dGh a dG
. E G
.2006
h h dG
t
.(HdG OdG dG dG UEG
.
dG dG
dG .2000 dG A
t
dG G G .(`` ` ``H ``Y
.
144
e e .2005
t
: `````dG ``` ` `LCG ` e ```H```dG ```H `dG
G
.( G `` Gh dG
G dGh dG
h
dGh dG dG G EG dG
. dG dG h dG L
dG dG
dG .2009
t
G L .( G CG
. dG L d
dG
dG .2008 dG dG
t
.( dG d hCG ``H```dG
.h
dG dG
ddG HdG dG .2010 --- t
dG dG
.( dG d
.h
``` ` e .2011
t
``` UEG `` ` ``` ```` `dG `` ` UEG ```
. h h G .(O`` ` ` ` `` ` G
: h dEG G .
d
www.Carnegieendowment.org.
2011 / G a
UEGh dG .2003
t
.( ``` `G ` ``` CG ` ` ``e : `` ```dG
d dG .
L L
. dG dGh
UEG .2005 t
``` UEG,`` ` ` d``eh ` `
` ` ` H ` dG
.(HdG G`` ``dG ``` dG dG
.h
EG dG .
G
``` UEG .2005
G L t
IO`` YEG ,``H``` dG ``` dG
` ``G ` H ` dG
UEG , RdG dG GE HQCG G
G .(HdG G`` ``dG dG
dGh EG dG .
dG Gh dGh d dG
.h d dG d
145
dG t
.950 dG .( G
(http://www.ahewar.org) 8/9/2004
G .2010 hG dG
t
.(dG d CGdGh YG IQGOEH e
9/12/2010 . dG
dG G
.2004 dG
A t
N d FGHG dG d I L hQ
dGh dG , e G
EG
L . dG G
.(eG G
2004
11-10 .
dG
G .2010
.(d I
. dh dG G dG
G t
,HdG ``G
G L
G d dG Gh
hG
G
dG h dG a
. d 19 17 .
LGh
` `Y `` ` `e .1987
t
110 dG .(HdG dG : dG
. dG aG .1987 d
``HQhCG dG Y .1988 --- t
`` ``` G ,`` `` G ` ` ` dG `````
QhOh
A EG .(HdG G dGh
.h
dG
dGh G hdG t
UEG Q`` EG edG IQGOEG .2010
` ` hCG ````dG `` ```e h`` H ,``` ```` `dG
`` ` UEG ` ` `` `` ` GQO :`` ` ` `` CG `` ` ` h
G EG d dh dG G h .(``` ```` `dG
. dG dG
``H``` dG ` ` ` dG .2009
t
G Gh eRCG e : G h
369
hG A G GA L .( ` ` ``H
. dG aG .370 dG A G
Yh HdG dG .2001 --- t
`` ``dG ``` G `` hQ :``e ` ` ` G
. dG aG .(HdG
dG .2005
dG dG t
`` ` ` `YG EG `` ` . ` ` ` ` ` ` EGh `` ` ` GQ`` ` `eEG
.
d .3 dG .(HdG
.2007 G dGh
``` UE ```e ` `dG ``` ` ` G
Y :```e``
. dG dGh dG
dG G ht
` ` EG ``` G
G dG
G h .( dG
dG .2010 dG
.( dG ``` ``
G d G G
.
d t
`G ```` ```` `dG
dh dG dG
dG G EG
`` ` `H ` `dG .1989
t
G .( h h h : Gh
. dGh d G
.( G``HEG
.1996 h G t
. dG d dG dG G
Y H dG .2006 dG
t
dG `` NG ` ` h QG ` ` Gh ``` G ` G
.(`` `` Gh ``` ` : ` ``` dG
G dG .32 dG dG
. G
``` ` EG .2005
t
.(Y LG ``` GQO :Qh```G
.h . dG dG G dG dG
`` ` ` ` G `` ` `` `` `dG .2008 --- t
. LG
G .( Gh
.h
dG dG G
`` `````dG .1997
t
` ` G `` ``` G ``` dG ``H ````` `d `````G
``Y`` ` ` LG ` ` G ` `dG h`` ` ` h ``` ` ` ` G
G . d .( dGh dG
Gh
EG dGh G G
G h
hG dG 67
. dG
dG
dGh L dG
2011/2010 d dG aG
146
dG dG
d G dG eC .2004 ---t
.( dhCGh Gh dG : dG
. L d h dG G
.( G
.2005 ---t
.
Ud dG dG .2008 --- t
H d `` ```dG : `` ` ` `d `` ```dG
. .( dG G
2015
EG dG e .G 2010 --- t
,``` `` ` EG ``e``Y ``` :``eh``` G ``` ` EG
.h dG G .(HdG hdG
````` dG `` `` ` ` dG . 2010 --- t
EG GE dG : d dG Ud
G dG G .(``eh```G
.h
dG
147
LG G hGh LGG- dG dG
2011/2010 d dG aG
EH LGG
Butts, R. Freeman, 1995. (A Cultural
History of Western Education: Its Social and
Intellectual Foundations). McGraw Book
Comp. Inc, New York.
Carnoy, M. and Castells, M., 2000.
(Sustainable Flexibility). A Prospective
Study on Work, Family and Society in
the Information Age. OECD Working
Paper V (291), Paris.
Coleman, J., S., et al., 1966. (Equality of
Educational Opportunity). Ofce Of Ed.,
U.S. Department of Health, Education,
Welfare, Washington, D.C.
Dension, E., F., 1962. (The Source of Economic Growth in the United States). Committee for Economic Development,
New York.
Druker, Peter, 1994. (Post Capitalist Society). Harper Business, New York.
Ducatel K., Ken, Webster, Juliet and
Herman Werner, et.al (eds), 2000.
(The Information Society In Europe: Work
and Life in an Age of Globalization).
Rowman & Littleeld Publishers Inc,
Lanham.
During, Simon edr, 1993. (The Cultural
Studies: Reader). Rout ledge, New York.
European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions, 2004. (Advancement of the knowledge
Society: Comparing Europe, the U.S. and
Japan).www.Eurofpund.eu.int
148
Evers, Hans-Dieter, 2001. (Towards a Malaysian Knowledge Society). Third International Malaysian Studies Conference.
(MSC3), BANGI, 6-8 AUGUST 2001.
dG dG
Kuhn, T., 1970. (The Structure of Scientic Revolutions). 2nd ed. ent. University
of Chicago press, Chicago.
149
LG G hGh LGG- dG dG
2011/2010 d dG aG
150
dG dG
dH LGG
Gardner, H-E., 2009. (les 5 formes
dintelligence pour affronter lavenir). Paris.
151
LG G hGh LGG- dG dG
`` ` `H ` `dG ` ` ` ` .
t
A``` ` dG OG`` `YEG `` ` QhOh `` ```dGh
.(HdG G G
dG UEG . a
t
OG`` YEG ` ` Y ` `d `` ` GC h ``` H``` dG `` ```G
.( G AdG
`` ``` Gh ` ` `` dG .
t
d CGh IF dG dG Q Gh dG
O Gh `d `d A````dG OG`` YEG ` `Y
.(HdG G G
``` `````dG QhO . d
t
eO dG HdG LCG OGYEG G dGh
.( G
dG L
AdG OG`` YE
t
Lh HdG G
.( G
:LG GQhCG F
AdG OGYEG .
G t
``` HOC` d `` Q`` ` e ``` `` ` ``` GQO `` ``` G
.(LCG G Gh H dG
`` `` ` LCG A`` ` `H .
GE t
. (eO dG
GQ ` `` ` ` `` `dG . h
dG
t
e A
dG UE dG
.( G
`` ``YQ .
.(e G
dG A
t
dGh IG d dG
CG dG . dG
t
`` `` ```dG OG`` YEG `` QhOh `` `G
.( G
`` ` `LCG OG`` ` `YG . a t
. ( G eO dG
HdG dG eRCG . dG
t
OG`` `YEG ` ` Y ` `d `` ` CG h ``H``` ` ` G h `` `` ``
.( G d d dG
h G dG
`` ` ` hCG .
dG
t
IQ G G G dG dG dG
( dG , G , GQ``eEG , OQCG , e
. aG
`` `H `dG IQGOEG .
t
``` G ` C` :``` H``` dG ``` ` e `` Q ` ` ` ` H
.( G dG
G``` `e . dG
t
``` ` ` dG ``H `` ``` G ` `` ``e ` ` eh
.(HdG
dG
Q```e .
dG
t
`` ```G `` ` LCG O`` h ```d```dG ``L ` G
.(HdG
dG d CG . G G t
``H```dG ` ` dG ```d`` I``F``` `dG ```` ``dG
dh Fe eh dG d
.( G
G
. dG a t
d Gh dG G
dG
. A dG G EG
dG h dG . d t
.(IG HdG GQeEG dhO
` ` d`` ` CG .
t
U h HdG G IF dG dG
.( Gh dG : G dh
A``` H ` ` .
dG
t
` `` ` d ` d ``eO`` ` dG ``` H``` dG `` ` `LCG
.( G
2011/2010 d dG aG
.
t
. (HdG dG
152
`` ``` CG dG .
a G
t
``eO`` `dG ```H```dG ``` LCG `` QhOh
.( G
`` ```dG . dG
t
G dG OGYE dG
.(HdG G
dG dG
e G h G .
t
G ``` ` G G `` dG
h d G ```LCG OG`` YEG `` Q`` CG h
.( G
153
LG G hGh LGG- dG dG
2011/2010 d dG aG
154
dG dG
155
G- dG dG
2011/2010 d dG aG
156
G G h d G F
edG HLEG
dG dG
dG edG AGQG :1 - hL
6dG F4G =|dG
(% dG
2dG
66 |D(G G
(% dG
2dG
31.8
2042
30.7
1970
56.4
3617
58
3720
11.8
756
11.3
725
(%
edG d GQ G :2- hL
ee M|0
9 M|0
6ke M|0
,F M|0
1.1
3.4
31.8
63.7
1.9
7.1
42.2
48.8
dG G G -
2.3
6.9
30.8
59.9
dG G G -
(%
<CG
157
LEG
G4G M|0
Y LGh dG dG dG
dG G G -
3.3
4.2
10.6
35.6
46.3
4.3
7.2
16.1
38.4
34
4.6
5.5
15.4
36.7
37.8
5.9
7.8
16.7
35.3
34.3
5.6
9.6
15.7
31.7
37.4
hG
dG
dG
dG
L -
6.9
14.5
18.7
28
31.9
hG
dG
dG
L -
3.5
8.3
13.1
23.1
52
d G
7.8
15.2
18.6
28.4
30
12.7
5.5
14.6
36.3
30.9
14.3
9.5
13.3
32.3
30.6
dG G
G
EG
EG
G
G G
L -
L -
dG G
dG G
dG
G dG G G dh
L G G dG
L G G dG
aG a
G A d ah F dG
dG AG G
dh
G
dG A G h A Gh
dGh G dG
G G G EG G dGh
G G G
G- dG dG
(%
e G YEG F h
<CG
DGKCG
e
DGKCG
(G DGKCG
e T0
DGKCG
e
4.7
6.4
13.5
40.3
35.1
h G
dG Gh FG
EG F h -
5.5
4.1
8.8
43.3
38.3
d G AG G Gh FG
EG F h -
(%
e G
<CG
DGKCG
e
DGKCG
(G DGKCG
e T0
DGKCG
e
7.8
6.3
14
39.5
32.4
YEG F h
h G
dG Gh FG
EG F h -
Qq G HLEG
(%
e :6 - hL
64eCG
H
G
h=CG
G
G F
1.4
25.5
40.2
32.9
2.3
22.7
43.4
31.6
1.9
13.5
26.9
57.7
dG
G -
10.3
15.9
18
55.8
dG
dG -
0.2
7.2
22.8
69.8
8.6
53.8
27.5
10.1
1.9
44.3
34.2
19.6
30.1
47
15.1
7.8
12.4
47.5
27.2
12.9
2.7
18
35
44.3
1.2
5.1
18.1
75.6
2011/2010 d dG aG
dG G -
dG
G dG
dG
dG EG
a G G G
/
dG
dG -
h dG
EG
dG
dG
dG G dG G
G
dG Ah
G-
158
dG dG
(%
dG Q G CG e :7 - hL
,F JCG
JCG
6ke
9 JCG
d JCG
86.3
9.9
1.6
2.2
70.7
25
1.8
2.5
77.1
19.2
2.1
1.6
84.5
11.2
2.3
84.1
12.7
0.8
2.4
56.5
38.4
4.1
Gh G EG
G -
70
26.5
2.7
0.8
h dGh dG
dG -
54.3
39.6
5.3
0.8
71.7
24.2
1.6
2.5
(%
dG
G LG dG
h G
FdG
L h
G G G
dG G
dG dG
dG d dG G -
G G G G h
dG LEG -
H Q d I G dG F dG :8- hL
91
26.3
73.7
EG
35.8
64.2
81.8
18.2
17.4
82.6
20.8
79.2
hG
G-
G -
L d dG G G Y Qq G IQ :9 - hL
eke ,4E
0 ,4E
6ke ,4E
9 ,4E
19.4
41.5
28.4
10.7
(%
(%
159
ddG
G C L d dG F dG G G :10 - hL
31.4
68.6
G- dG dG
(%
GHCG
G42I
I0CG
)G2
69.1
24.6
4.9
1.4
36.3
40
20.8
2.9
18
39.3
35.7
QG G
G EGh
DGKCG
<I DGKCG
e
e DGKCG
10.5
22.7
46.2
20.6
DGKCG
<I DGKCG
e
e DGKCG
1.6
6.1
33.9
58.4
DGKCG
<I DGKCG
e
e DGKCG
1.4
6.5
29.9
62.2
7.9
30.7
60.4
8.3
25.5
44.4
21.8
24.9
42.2
23.7
9.2
5.5
39.6
53.9
DGKCG
<I DGKCG
e
e DGKCG
10.5
31.4
44
14.1
6.7
14.2
44.9
34.2
2011/2010 d dG aG
L -
dG dG h
dG
L -
dG
L -
QG AGQG :12 - hL
dG dG
Qq G
G G
L dG
dG LG
dG G G LG -
G d
dG
G G EG
aG G
G d aG
QG
dG
dG G dG L -
dG L dG
QG AGQG :15 - hL
Gh d
dG
aG
QG AGQG :14 - hL
dG
dG
QG AGQG :13 - hL
edG
(%
DGKCG
GHCG
(%
DGKCG
GHCG
dG
(%
DGKCG
GHCG
(%
DGKCG
GHCG
QG AGQG :11 - hL
dG h
G h -
G G
dG FG dG -
160
d OGYEG
(%
<
e
e <I
15.9
37.6
31.2
15.3
dG dG
H dG G CH dG
(%
<
e
e <I
16.1
82.9
0.3
0.4
7.1
92.2
0.4
1.4
10.9
87.3
0.3
1.4
10.1
88.2
6.7
29.9
45.2
18.2
(%
161
dG L
QG AGQG :16 - hL
EG L
QG AGQG :17 - hL
G G G
dG h dG
h dG
G A dhG h dG
G EG dG h dG
G G G
G G G
G G G
dG
DGKCG
<I DGKCG
e
e DGKCG
3.2
18.8
45.9
32.1
1.7
13.9
54.8
29.6
27.7
43.7
25.6
h dG G G G
aG
GA G EG
1.5
11.7
50
36.8
4.9
25.7
45.4
24
3.6
21.6
50.2
24.6
3.2
21.7
48.2
26.9
dGh G G
G A dh h
dG -
QG AGQG :18 - hL
DGKCG
GHCG
GdG d
dG eG dGh G
G
G G -
dG dG G dGh G
dG G dGh G
dG G dGh G
L
dG G dGh G
G
-
dG G d
dG dG G dGh G G L dGh aG G G dG G dGh G a LGh
L d dGh dG d G dG G dGh G a -
G- dG dG
LCG OGYEG I G eG dG
19.1
80.9
38.9
61.1
16.4
83.6
33.3
66.7
22.4
77.6
7.7
92.3
41.1
58.6
12.3
87.7
21.2
78.8
17.3
82.7
dGh GQG
QG AGQG :19 - hL
G
G EGh Gh
G G
dG
G G
-G
dG dGh F dG
G G EG G
G L
dG A
... G G aG G -h
d aG aG
dG
dG aG
dG dG dG
... dGh
dG LEG
EG LG dG LEG
edG AGOCG dG eG dG H G C
F :20 - hL
JD|dG
kdG
cdH
tG
JD|dG
kdG
64H
JD|dG
M2G
,|6CH
JD|dG
kdG
~H
HkG
M|6CG
6G4d
{kdG
dG
HdG
,|6Cd
LkG
kdG
Cd
LkG
kdG
Cd
I
*MkdG
0.050
0.184
0.085
0.076
0.037
**0.150
%14
G G
aG
0.068
0.096
0.126
%6.4
G G
G L dG
0.092
0.076
0.121
0.072
%5.4
G G
LG
0.127
0.064
-0.163
0.284
%10.2
dG
aG
0.045
-0.090
0.072
0.248
0.059
-0.092
%7.3
dG
G L dG
0.047
-0.085
0.096
0.056
0.198
-0.149
%6.9
dG
LG
-0.186
0.130
0.262
%8.3
dG
dG
G G
2011/2010 d dG aG
G ** dG G G dG
G G G
162
EG
G
eY G e
dG dG
HdG G
6 24-15 dG I
dG 2< /(G e
2010
(%
CG h dG dG eh dG OY LEG :1 h G
15 l dG I
2< /(G e 6
2010 dG
dG dG e
(Eke 2015 2005
dG 2< /(G
(%
(e
1.5
6.5
G
G EG
2010
dKdG
20.4
(%
34
11.9
19.2
1.9
4.7
25.9
1.8
0.807
19.3
22.9
0.9
10.4
20.5
27
1.5
35.4
21.6
35.6
1.6
0.879
18.9
32
1.9
26.2
dG
20.3
38.7
2.0
43.2
20.5
34.7
8.1
22.5
18.6
44.9
2.7
9.4
19.9
40.7
2.6
31.5
GdG
20.6
30.8
1.92
2.9
19.9
44.5
2.9
4.4
17.9
16
1.5
1.5
14.4
23.3
2.04
3.05
dG
18.0
24.8
0.79
4.3
17.3
30.1
1.8
6.5
20.2
32.1
1.7
84.5
19.7
28
1.2
32.4
20.1
39.3
2.07
3.4
22.1
43.4
2.7
24.3
17.9
dG
FG
dG
dG
dG
G G
G
dG
163
G- dG dG
EG dG dOCG :2 h G
< d2
,GKG
qd
eG e
dd
(%
154<d
(FG K e<
|dG d2
< EkG
,2dG
e 2|dG 0
tG dG
,dG 2e
)G|dG
4KdH
(2008M|eCG
dG I
1 1G2
hF|G |dG
M|dG kdG d2 E
2010
dKdG
(%
|7'G
-|G
0.616
8.9
73.1
5700
2.7
0.681
0.464
10.0
77.7
56485
0.6
0.815
0.512
10.0
76.0
27838
0.801
0.515
20.0
74.3
8509
2.8
0.683
81
0.594
22.4
72.9
8477
0.677
84
22.5
66.2
1174
73.9
0.428
140
82
32
39
dG
0.760
56.1
2274
29.3
0.513
147
13.3
73.3
24208
0.752
55
0.708
39.1
58.9
2300
0.379
154
0.687
15.3
74.6
4857
5.5
0.589
111
50.4
81.2
..
0.751
25.9
68.5
14.2
..
13.7
76.1
26258
6.2
73.9
0.7
97
0.662
6.9
76.0
77178
0.451
5.5
77.9
50284
10.4
72.4
13510
0.796
0.504
11.7
74.5
16999
0.775
53
0.714
33.6
70.5
5840
6.4
0.620
103
0.693
41.8
71.8
4638
28.5
0.567
116
0.722
42.4
57.3
2037
61.7
0.433
136
0.853
36.8
63.9
2595
52.5
0.439
0.713
133
G dG
0.803
0.771
G
G EG
38
47
FG G
dG L
L
dG
G dG
dG
GdG
G G
dG
G
dG
d
d
G
dG
dG h dG
2010 dG dG
2011 / G 26 . dG hG G F EG : G G : G
http://hdrstats.undp.org/en/countries/profiles/
d G G G h . dh dG dG dG
G dG dG dG dG G
EG dG G *
. F EG
2011/2010 d dG aG
G EG dG
dG G
dG dG EG dG
164
2000
kdG
H Q e I
C * G O hdG dG dO :3 h G
2000
,D p0CG
G KCG dKdG
6.73
6.73
6.04
5.85
5.54
5.36
5.31
4.81
4.42
4.08
3.54
3.22
3.09
2.36
2.20
1.78
1.47
G E G
dG
dG
G
dG
d
0.99
5.55
7.50
6.07
3.09
4.47
G G
d
dG
dG
9.52
9.51
9.37
9.22
9.17
9.02
9.10
G dG
dG
G a
G d
G
G G dG
G G
5.47
2.71
6.41
6.45
8.72
5.21
2.58
aG h hG dG
aG
dG Gh G
dG Gh h hG
G7 dG
dG G
G L
8.23
5.66
3.78
2.00
5.21
G h
G h
G h
G h
dG
H|dG KdG
dG dG
0.77
0.67
-0.69
-0.39
-0.08
0.2
0.75
0.03
0.3
-0.23
-0.18
0.49
0.13
0.27
0.17
0.35
-0.23
5.96
6.06
6.73
6.24
5.62
5.16
4.56
4.78
4.12
4.31
3.72
2.73
2.96
2.09
2.03
1.43
1.70
G
FG G
dG
G dG
L
I4eK ,4K K2
-1.31
-0.08
0.14
-0.1
-0.08
0.55
2.30
5.63
7.36
6.17
3.17
3.92
,~ke K2
0.02
-0.22
-0.25
-0.05
0.02
-0.3
-0.11
9.50
9.73
9.62
9.27
9.15
9.32
9.21
DG|G dG :e
-0.16
-0.3
-0.37
0.2
-0.23
-0.25
-0.12
5.63
3.01
6.78
6.25
8.95
5.46
2.70
1dG Mke
0
-0.08
-0.07
-0.32
-0.05
8.23
5.74
3.85
2.32
5.26
2011 / G 14 http://info.worldbank.org/etools/kam2/KAM~page6.asp
.G h 9h 8 h dG %10 G d h 10h 9 h dG %10 G d h 10h
165
/ G AG G
h
h dG dG
:
12 aG G d
G- dG dG
G
*
Q e hOh HdG G
G IQGOE dG G G :4 h G
,|dG |7'e
2dG <
,26 |7'e
IdG
<I |7'e
kdG
dD |7'e
G
4G|k6G |7'e
=K 6dG
J4(GK dG
0.27
0.38
0.36
0.28
-0.23
-0.85
1.04
0.52
0.56
0.93
0.91
-0.87
G EG
0.30
0.51
0.78
0.62
-0.09
-0.83
dG
0.02
0.22
0.10
0.41
0.23
-1.27
-0.49
0.73-
-0.94
-0.59
-1.20
-1.04
-0.26
-0.65
-0.60
-0.91
0.48
-1.11
0.15
0.12
0.22
-0.09
-0.37
-1.77
dG
-1.24
-1.34
-1.25
-1.32
-2.65
-1.59
-0.96
0.47-
-1.07
-0.61
-0.68
-1.63
-1.73
-2.53
-2.56
-2.30
-3.31
-1.99
-1.38
-1.04
-1.26
-2.33
-1.17
GdG
0.48
0.68
0.66
0.65
0.81
-1.08
..
..
..
..
..
..
1.64
0.96
0.62
1.13
1.12
-0.89
G G
dG
G
0.42
0.59
0.20
0.21
0.42
-0.54
dG
-0.80
-0.64
-0.07
-0.67
-1.51
-0.33
-1.10
-0.75
-1.00
-1.12
0.62
-1.89
-0.41
0.03-
-0.14
-0.30
-0.63
-1.12
-0.23
-0.16
-0.01
-0.11
-0.43
-0.79
-0.66
-0.84
-0.66
-0.90
-1.17
-1.01
-1.03
-1.15
-0.60
-1.12
-2.31
-1.27
dG
-0.39
0.05
-0.28
-0.01
-1.19
0.47
dG
0.36
0.82
0.88
1.26
0.45
0.66
dKdG
FG
dG
dG
2009 G G EG G
. h dG dG: G
World Bank - Worldwide Governance Indicators 2009: Voice & Accountability - Political Stability & Absence of
Violence/Terrorism - Regulatory Quality - Rule of Law - Control of Corruption
2011 / G 14 http://info.worldbank.org/governance/wgi/sc~chart.asp.
A AG G
2011/2010 d dG aG
2.5 h AG
G G
-2.5
2.5 h -2.5
hG
G G
166
2000
H Q e I
C * G dGh O G G d hdG dG dO :5 h G
kdG
2000
-0.5
0.42
-0.96
-0.76
-0.52
0.71
1.44
1.38
-0.8
0.12
0.97
-0.14
0.54
1.06
-0.18
-0.21
-0.03
7.65
6.63
7.71
7.51
7.02
5.28
4.50
3.04
4.92
3.92
2.67
3.73
2.12
1.12
2.17
1.86
0.51
-1.31
-0.64
-0.63
-0.2
-0.04
-0.09
1.06
2.30
6.19
8.87
7.70
6.15
3.59
2.84
0.48
-0.12
-0.17
-0.05
0.82
0.18
-0.02
9.13
9.45
9.48
9.27
8.63
9.06
9.06
0.34
-0.17
-0.38
0.96
-0.69
-0.27
-0.2
-0.34
4.52
2.85
5.90
4.75
8.84
4.98
2.85
9.05
-0.11
0.21
0.04
-0.25
-0.05
8.13
4.87
2.97
2.30
5.26
,D p0CG
G KCG dKdG
7.15
7.05
6.75
6.75
6.50
5.99
5.94
4.42
4.12
4.04
3.64
3.59
2.66
2.18
1.99
1.65
0.48
G EG
dG
dG
G
dG
d
G
0.99
5.55
8.24
7.50
6.11
3.50
3.90
G G
FG G
d
dG
dG
9.61
9.33
9.31
9.22
9.45
9.24
9.04
G dG
dG
G a
G d
G
G G dG
G G
4.86
2.68
5.52
5.71
8.15
4.71
2.65
8.71
aG h hG dG
aG
dG Gh G
dG Gh h hG
G7 dG
dG G
G L
dG h hG
8.02
5.08
3.01
2.05
5.21
G h
G h
G h
G h
dG
dG dG
H|dG KdG
dG
FG G
L
G dG
I4eK ,4K K2
,~ke K2
DG|G dG :e
1dG Mke
d h 10h 9
167
h dG
G AG G
h dG dG
: G
2011 / G 17 KAM http://info.worldbank.org/etools/kam2/KAM~page5.asp
% 10 G d h . dG h dG dGh G h dG
G
h 10h
d dG
G h 9h 8 h dG 10% G
G- dG dG
2010 O
dG Qe e : 6 h G
ddG E
dKdG
7.7
19
6.3
28
G EG
5.3
41
4.9
48
dG
4.7
50
4.7
50
dG
4.5
54
dG
4.3
59
3.4
85
3.1
10
98
2.9
11
105
FG
2.5
12
127
2.5
13
127
2.2
14
146
2.2
15
146
dG
1.6
16
172
1.5
17
175
GdG
18
178
dG
dG
2011 / G 27 .
dG dG dG G
h
dG G G
h dG dG : G.
Transparency International the global coalition against corruption Corruption Perception Index- 2010 results. http://
www.transparency.org/policy~research/surveys~indices/cpi/2010/results
2011/2010 d dG aG
168
d G
dG h ddG Y HdGh IAG dH EG e :7 h G
(dEG G CG hCG 2008 d
d h HdG hdG
dG dG
qG
(%
pI(G
(%
*1.00
*99.0
*1.04
dKdG
4F3
(%
|7'T e
H 'DkdG
G
qG
(%
pI(G
(%
4F3
(%
*99.0
*98.9
*0.91
*91.1
*87.0
*95.2
*95.0
*97.0
*93.6
*1.02
*90.0
*91.5
*89.5
1.00
99.7
99.7
99.8
0.97
90.8
89.4
91.7
0.98
96.8
95.8
98.1
0.82
77.6
71.0
86.4
**0.94
**91.8
**89.1
**94.4
**0.79
**72.6
**63.9
**81.3
0.98
84.9
84.1
85.7
0.85
73.6
67.8
79.3
0.98
97.3
96.2
98.4
0.90
85.5
82.2
89.5
0.92
85.2
81.7
88.6
0.75
69.3
59.6
79.0
0.79
94.1
92.5
95.6
0.86
83.6
77.2
90.0
0.95
82.4
80.2
84.5
0.81
77.6
69.2
86.0
1.00
97.6
97.6
97.6
0.90
86.7
80.9
90.0
1.00
99.2
99.0
99.3
0.94
94.1
90.9
97.1
1.00
99.1
99.0
99.1
0.96
93.1
90.4
93.8
***1.00
***98.4
***98.4
***98.5
***0.98
***94.5
***93.1
***95.2
***1.01
***98.7
***99.1
***98.4
***0.92
***89.6
***93.4
***86.0
1.00
99.8
99.7
99.9
0.86
88.4
81.3
94.9
**84.9
**87.9
0.81
76.6
68.4
84.8
0.64
56.4
44.1
69.4
0.90
67.0
63.4
70.5
0.77
56.8
49.5
64.1
0.74
82.9
70.00
95.1
0.54
60.9
42.8
78.9
..
..
..
..
0.92
68
65
71
2011
169
G
G EG
dG
FG G
dG L
L
dG
G dG
dG
GdG
G G
dG
G
dG
d
d
G
dG
dG h dG
G- dG dG
(dEG G CG hCG
2009
d HdG hdG
dH G dG q e :8 h G
IndG kdG
)GkHG kdG
H|dG KdG
'DkdG |7'T e
G H
(% qG
'DkdG |7'T e
G H
(% qG
'DkdG |7'T e
G H
(% qG
1.11
41
1.04
88
1.0
88
1.89
30
1.01
95
1.00
95
0.98*
51*
1.04
96
1.01
96
1.49
34
1.08
92
1.03
92
1.44
31
1.08
83
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
0.69
0.73
30
0.82
30
1.23
33
0.86
97
0.91
97
..
..
0.88
38
0.89
38
..
..
0.99
75
0.97
75
0.46
0.53
0.59
16
0.75
51
0.81
51
..
26
0.96
91
0.97
91
1.31
46
1.07
87
1.04
87
6.31
10
1.47
85
1.20
85
2.32
18
1.03
90
1.01
90
1.19
53
1.11
82
1.04
82
..
..
1.17
93
1.05
93
..
28
..
..
..
..
0.88
13
0.86
56
0.88
95
0.41
0.89
24
1.03
24
0.42
10
0.49
46
..
..
1.05**
22**
0.92
68
0.92
96
G
G EG
dG
FG G
dG L
L
dG
G dG
dG
GdG
G
dG G G
dG
d
d
G
dG
dG h dG
A
d dG : G
Education for all global monitoring report Regional overview: Arab States UNESCO Institute for statistics
2011 G/ 1 .2004 ** 2010 *
2011/2010 d dG aG
170
dG dG
d hddG I
% H4kG 64G I
(2007
(2007
60
17
100
0.4
18
35
24
99
149
34***
80***
56***
11
91
497
37
59**
21*
508
GdG
13
100**
87
30
100
108
11**
69**
1.2
10
100
13
14***
13***
74***
27
232
27
100
395
43
100
89
906*
dG
21
100
5752
25
71791
dG h dG
dG
dKdG
(2007
G
G EG
dG
FG
G
L
dG
dG
dG
G G
dG
2011 G/ 2 A
d dG : G
Education for all global monitoring report page13 /14 Regional overview: Arab States UNESCO Institute for statistics
2008 *** 2006 ** 2005 *
171
G- dG dG
AH 2000 H Q e I
2000
kdG
,D p0CG
G KCG dKdG
5.82
5.62
5.37
4.93
4.92
4.90
4.89
4.47
4.35
4.08
3.66
3.10
1.95
1.79
1.28
0.89
0.88
dG
G
dG
d
G EG
dG
3.80
4.46
6.86
6.65
4.21
2.21
4.20
G G
FG G
d
dG
dG
9.78
9.29
9.77
9.21
9.26
8.74
8.49
G dG
dG
G a
G d
G
G G dG
G G
3.75
1.38
6.62
8.75
5.05
1.92
8.29
aG h hG dG
aG
dG Gh h hG
G7 dG
dG G
G L
dG h hG
7.47
5.63
3.32
1.61
4.24
G h
G h
G h
G h
dG
H|dG KdG
0.09
-0.14
0.32
0.52-0.16
0.98
0.9
0.84
-0.35
0.29
0.19
0.21
-0.05
-0.35
-0.01
0
0.16
5.73
5.76
5.05
5.45
5.08
3.92
3.99
3.63
4.70
3.79
3.47
2.89
2.00
2.14
1.29
0.89
0.72
-0.41
-0.25
-0.25
0
0
0
2.2
4.21
4.71
7.11
6.65
4.21
2.21
2.0
0
0
0
-0.19
0
0
0
9.78
9.29
9.77
9.40
9.26
8.74
8.49
-0.17
0
0
0
0
0
0
3.92
1.38
6.62
8.75
5.05
1.92
8.29
0
0.1
0
0
-0.23
7.47
5.53
3.32
1.61
4.47
FG G
G
dG
G dG
L
I4eK ,4K K2
,~ke K2
DG|G dG :e
1dG Mke
KAM G AG G
d LG dG
G d h 10h 9
G G d dG dh
. dG G G a
%10
dG
dG
G http://info.worldbank.org/etools/kam2/KAM~page5.asp
2011 / G 18
dG d LEG dG h d d dGh AG d EG G
G L d
dG G
d dG
*
h dG %10 G d
A h . d dG d
dG h dG
dG dG
h 10h 0
d dG h . . dG
G EG d dG
G dG G d G dG G h d a
d dG G h .G h 9h 8 h dG
G h dG
dG G
G dh G G G
G hG
G G G a G EG dh dG EG G ;
G d dG
2011/2010 d dG aG
h dG dG
172
dG dG
2009-2005
G G dG HdG hdG
dG Y e G EG e :11 h G
/(G tG dG (G I I(G
(%
20.3
4.3
11.7
2.9
..
7.6
22.8
8.4
11.9
3.8
..
..
..
..
12.9
3.8
7.2
1.8
..
..
10.9
2.9
25.7
5.6
31.1
3.9
..
..
..
..
19.3
5.6
..
..
..
..
16.7
4.9
22.4
7.1
23.4
1.2
16.0
5.2
2011
dKdG
FG G
dG
dG L
L
GdG
G
dG
d
d
G
G
dG
dG
dG
G dG
G G
G EG
dG
/ G 18 A
E d
dG
A :
http://stats.uis.unesco.org/unesco/TableViewer/tableView.aspx
173
G- dG dG
2000
H Q e I
kdG
2000
2.38
0.93
-0.62
-0.44
0.7
0.41
0.05
-0.59
-2.09
-0.28
-0.32
0.35
-0.35
0.59
0.49
0.37
4.31
5.52
6.21
5.42
4.24
4.24
4.48
5.03
6.38
4.25
4.04
3.24
3.52
1.65
1.37
1.31
1.95
-0.13
0.4
0.2
0.32
1.16
2.61
9.53
7.41
6.62
3.83
4.28
-0.03
0.04
-0.01
-0.09
0.05
-0.08
-0.14
9.52
9.72
9.68
9.54
9.39
9.55
9.38
-0.06
0.2
0.08
0.08
-0.15
-0.37
0.19
-0.06
7.63
4.11
8.41
6.91
9.34
6.17
3.10
9.33
0.08
-0.26
0.19
-0.04
-0.01
8.94
6.29
4.77
2.56
8.12
G KCG dKdG
6.69
6.45
5.59
4.98
4.94
4.65
4.53
4.44
4.29
3.97
3.72
3.59
3.17
2.24
1.86
1.68
G E G
G
dG
H|dG KdG
dG
dG
G
FG G
G dG
L
I4eK ,4K K2
4.56
9.4
7.81
6.82
4.15
5.44
d
dG
dG
9.49
9.76
9.67
9.45
9.44
9.47
9.24
G dG
dG
G a
G d
G
G G dG
G G
7.57
4.31
8.49
6.99
9.19
5.80
3.29
9.27
aG h hG dG
aG
dG Gh G
dG Gh h hG
G7 dG
dG G
G L
dG h hG
9.02
6.03
4.96
2.52
8.11
G h
G h
G h
G h
dG
G EG
FG EG
,~ke K2
DG|G dG :e
1dG Mke
2011
GAG
h dG
9h 8
G G G GAG h d G h d
G d h 10h 9 h dG %10
%10
2011/2010 d dG aG
/ G 18 G AG G
h dG dG : G
http://info.worldbank.org/etools/kam2/KAM~page5.asp
dGh G
h a G
h 10h
d dG *
G d h . a
d dGh dG h dG
h a
d G Gh G G
.G h
174
2000
H Q e I
Gh e G
C Gh e G d hdG dG e :13 h G
2000
kdG
,D p0CG
G KCG dKdG
8.59
8.06
7.30
6.96
6.43
5.35
4.95
4.90
4.88
4.43
4.37
3.92
3.52
3.46
2.68
1.67
1.32
G E G
dG
dG
dG
d
G
5.65
4.92
7.54
7.95
7.14
2.49
4.33
G EG
FG EG
d
dG
dG
9.21
9.66
8.73
9.52
8.54
8.83
9.45
G dG
dG
G a
G d
G
G G dG
G G
5.71
2.45
6.64
6.46
8.8
5.27
2.45
8.78
aG h hG dG
aG
dG Gh G
dG Gh h hG
G7 dG
dG G
G L
dG h hG
H|dG KdG
7.91
7.06
7.31
7.10
5.51
6.51
5.24
5.13
4.55
3.58
3.94
3.78
2.11
3.11
2.82
2.32
2.61
dG dG
0.68
1
-0.01
-0.14
0.92
-1.16
-0.29
-0.23
0.33
0.85
0.43
0.14
1.41
0.35
-0.14
-0.65
-1.29
G dG
FG G
dG
L
I4eK ,4K K2
0.53
-1.36
-1.02
-0.2
-0.19
-0.38
-0.47
5.12
6.28
8.56
8.15
7.33
2.87
4.80
,~ke K2
9.70
9.86
9.42
9.60
9.08
9.52
9.02
-0.49
-0.2
-0.69
-0.08
-0.54
-0.69
0.43
DG|G dG :e
6.46
3.50
7.60
6.38
8.97
5.79
2.76
9.00
-0.75
-1.05
-0.96
0.08
-0.17
-0.52
-0.31
-0.22
1dG Mke
0.07
-0.27
-0.28
-0.86
-0.88
. dG
175
1000
8.35
6.16
4.13
2.68
7.10
8.42
5.89
3.85
1.82
6.22
http://info.worldbank.org/etools/kam2/KAM~page6.asp KAM
. a dh 17
dG 1000 d G G h dG 1000 d dG
G h 9h 8 h dG %10
dG
G AG G
h dG dG
h G :
.2011 /
G
h 10h
d
G d h 10h 9 h dG %10 G
: G
G 20
dG *
d h
G- dG dG
e G d CG dG G e d k h HdG hdG : 14 h G
Gh
lHndG -dG 1
2007 dG e dCG d
dG -dG 1
2007 dG e dCG d
h6GG 2G<CG
2007 dG e dCG d
100
830
70
320
1770
330
260
1230
180
120
770
80
90
810
10
10
50
20
170
1 170
140
10
210
110
170
310
90
100
960
70
280
1 510
190
200
970
240
170
310
100
150
400
50
80
650
40
10
420
50
40
140
30
http://info.worldbank.org/etools/kam2/kam~page3 KAM / G AG G
H|dG KdG
G
G EG
dG
FG
G
L
dG
G dG
dG
d
G
dG
h dG dG
2011
2011/2010 d dG aG
/ G 20
176
dG h e Y
dG dG
lII(G (G 3dG F
164
11.12
200
2 785
13.07
520
2 544
30.01
330
303
11.59
170
89
23.7
100
56
41.45
10
510
21.33
260
345
28.87
90
53
13.65
170
142
14.50
130
2 781
16.41
420
871
22.30
340
227
10.00
380
189
4.20
140
814
15.62
210
70
37.32
10
28
10.98
10
http://info.worldbank.org/etools/kam2/kam~page3 - / G AG G
177
H|dG KdG
G
G EG
dG
FG
G
L
dG
G dG
dG
d
G
dG
h dG dG : G
2011 / G 20
G- dG dG
(2011 2010
dG M~J/ d2 E
dG K2 Ed dH -|G
H|dG KdG
(138
4.80
4.79
4.64
4.35
4.44
4.00
4.25
3.74
3.76
3.57
3.06
3.03
3.17
2.98
24
25
30
35
33
50
41
75
74
83
124
126
117
130
G E G
dG
dG
G
dG
d
FG G
dG G d h dG G : G
http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF~ GITR~Report~2011.pdf
2011 / G 20
)dG G~
66CG ke
dG DkdG d2
|7'G E
-|G
|7'G E
-|G
|7'G E
-|G
|7'G E
1-|G
4.54
4.41
4.37
3.57
4.09
3.67
3.87
3.50
3.36
3.41
2.97
3.48
2.93
3.04
2.63
23
26
27
60
34
55
47
65
79
74
115
68
120
108
134
4.68
4.67
4.82
4.03
4.28
4.54
4.30
3.98
3.78
4.00
3.38
3.85
3.75
3.49
2.79
26
27
21
68
50
33
48
73
88
70
117
82
92
107
138
5.73
5.32
5.82
5.16
5.25
5.48
5.41
4.67
4.57
3.87
4.28
4.19
3.82
4.32
3.39
13
28
8
36
31
21
24
57
64
106
83
89
107
80
131
15.10
4.95
4.89
4.59
4.65
4.54
4.61
4.21
4.08
3.89
3.78
4.00
3.72
3.96
3.14
17
21
25
35
32
37
34
65
75
92
97
81
100
86
135
2011
2011/2010 d dG aG
KdG
H|dG
dG
G EG
dG
dG
G
G
d
d
FG G
2011-2010 dG adG : G
/ G 27 http://www.weforum.org/issues/global-competitiveness
139
h dG
dG dG h d d
178
2011/2010
jG
1-1
dG
eY e e
181
OQCG dM
181
2-1
191
dG
OQCG G AdG OGYEGh dG dG
3-1
203
dG
OQCG AdG OGYEG QhOh Y LG dG e
203
203
204
204
205
205
206
A dG
A dG OG EG gQhOh j CG dG
OQCG j CG dG CG
A dG OG EG G a dG QhO
QhOh dG dG
g CGh FdG dG e eh jdG dG
A dG id A Gh WGGh j dG
OQCG LG dG dG g e
jG-OQCG dM
4-1
dG
aG AdG OGYEG I G dG dG
209
O G dG
210
LG dG
211
CGh dG VdG
213
dG Gh dG dG
213
A dG OG EGh j G
213
dG j G
214
dGh j dG dG
214
WG d G Gh hQG
215
EGh a dGh dGh CGdG jM
215
e G EG dG M V
215
e EG j G Gh
216
aG h EGh
EG
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
209
5-1
GG GQdG F : OQCG aG
219
219
219
219
220
220
220
220
220
224
228
231
236
236
236
236
237
240
dG
GE d d AdG j L
GG GQdG
e d G FG dG dG
e dG h
QG
QG dG eh AGG e AGQG
GG GQdG F
GQG
aG GQG
GLdG GQG
LEG GQG
dG
dG dG
h e dG GQe dG dG CG
dG dG M dG Qh Q Gh QGh e dG AGQG
QG dG
G dG
2011/2010 d dG aG j
6-1
dG
dG e e
241
241
242
243
244
247
dG dG
dG
Q dG
dG
dG e
LG GQhCGh LGG
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
253
255
OQCG dM
256
257
OQCG Y Qh QG A CH F
OQCG G QG QGG A CH F
OQCG G F
:1
:2
:3
MG
G
G
G
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
CG F
OQCG Qe :1-2-1 QWEG
198
OQCG dG QO e :2-2-1 QWEG
231
WCG e : adG e OQCG GQO e :1-5-1 QWEG
243
dG d dG OG EG e :1-6-1 QWEG
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
192
CG F
183
221
222
223
225
226
227
229
229
233
233
235
238
240
OQCG dG dG
dLEG d aG GQG e Q e
(%) aG GQG e dG j gL je
dG GQG M dG Qh Q G AGQG
dLEG d GLdG GQG e Q e
(%) GLdG GQG e dG j gL je
A dG id gaG ieh GQG gCG M dG Qh Q G AGQG
dLEG d LG GQG e Q e
(%) LG GQG e dG j gL je
dLEG d dG e Q e
(%) dG e dG j gL je
A dG id gQ M ieh dG gCG M dG Qh Q G AGQG
(%) dG Q G M e dG AGQG
gaG ieh dG gCG M dG Qh Q G AGQG
:1-1-1
:1-5-1
:2-5-1
:3-5-1
:4-5-1
:5-5-1
:6-5-1
:7-5-1
:8-5-1
:9-5-1
:10-5-1
:11-5-1
: 12-5-1
:13-5-1
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
jG-OQCG dM
hG G F
d j dG d e G De :1-1-1 h G
187
aG d e G De :2-1-1 h G
211
CGG Q e G De :1-4-1 h G
212
2009-2005 G C dG G DG :2-4-1 h G
220
aG GQG F :1-5-1 h G
221
e aG GQG F :2-5-1 h G
224
GLdG GQG F :3-5-1 h G
225
e GLdG GQG F :4-5-1 h G
228
LG GQG F :5-5-1 h G
228
e LG GQG F :6-5-1 h G
232
dG F :7-5-1 h G
232
e dG F :8-5-1 h G
237
(%)
h QG M e dG AGQG :9-5-1 h G
237
(%) dG dG dG M e dG AGQG : 10-5-1 h G
238
(%) jd MG GQG jM M e dG AGQG :11-5-1 h G
239
(%) LGh dG dG dG M e dG AGQG :12-5-1 h G
239
(%) e G
EG F h M e dG AGQG :13-5-1 h G
239
(%) e G
EG F h M e dG AGQG :14-5-1 h G
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
184
2011/2010 d dG aG j
2010
OQCG dM
GQ Deh F EG G CG e jQ e eg M G dG aG j j
jO G gO C dG aG dM hjh .2009 d dG aG j d L h GOGeGh e G
aG CG Q OQCGh dGh G dG GQeEGh G g hO QCG a dG h dGh LGh
.j dG d FdG G g
d ddG G G GQdG F h jQ dG
OQCG dM j dG G g OG EG O G h
dG GL e jdG CG dG OQCG dGh dGh dGh LGh O G GdG h
W e Gh j
W dG GG GQdG jCG j dG G g AG EG CG h . CG g Gh
dd j gL LQO
dG dGh GQ d eG ie Q dG dG dG
. G G g G AGQG G d h dG dG M FGQG EG .aG
dG j dG M FGQG E QG dG eh CGdG C dG 2010 Qh h
. G j dG dh
C e dG e L e e d dG d
dG CG a j G j dG gL EG
.OQCG eGG dG h aG A d dG OG EG dG a CG
179
OQCG dM
2011/2010 d dG aG j
180
1-1
dG
OQCG dM
e e e
, EG M aG
jdG h
e jdG Rhd
h H dG
dG G
, EG
j IQh h
CG dH
OQCG
j j e e
G Y Y
IjY MUEG
G ``
jO G
e YLGh
aG
LCG
L h h
dG OL f
edG
181
dGh O Gh G
O e
Gh G dGh j G
jh
h j e h
WEG dG G d Deh
dG G CG d OG aCG W
. jL G CG A
QO dG
d EGh DhdG e L g h
dhCG j a G dG G
EG W EG aG
e d
g h G EGh L GE G G
QO dG DGh dG
e
OQCG e G EG MG
d EG g eCG . a G
dGh j Gh aG
d a
d dG aG j CG dG
e E e h CG 2009
gh EG M aa .aG
h dG e jdG hd j dG
QhV gh EG V dG G
dG CG . gCG d j
jO G G aG LdG
d gj a LGh
QdG e j e h EG GQ
. e dG EG dG
G EG ae h aG G MCG da
Gh Me A dGh d Me
gQaCG
dG e j G e
G dG
LCG e G EGh
.( dG LG) e dG
GdG
OQCG Q h
dGh Q aCG e j dG V G
aG A EG aOdG QGh
d h . dEG d d A dG gC h
G
j j e e
jO G G j M EG
W h aG
LCG e LGh
h . e dG dG OL L h
h dGh aG
OQCG
e
dG
G G G dG
h
G h G
dG d eG dG aG WQG
EG G dGh dG
C j GjL aCGh
g j L G h a h
d dG aG j Q CG h .aG
:aG ge e a O Lh EG 2009
QW G e dG j G gG a
Q dG dG gG ah dG
.aG M G EG O EGh EG
G hG CG EG Q EG e h
EG dG e g G g Q d
. G dG a W h VdG
Q G Gh g aG QG CG
L d dG h e G
Gh dG Gh aG O Gh
O C G MGh j dG
eCG dG da . G EG e
e G Q g a d jL O
EG GQ dG dGh G h
O Gh LG h VjdG L
F EG G CG e dGh
.( 2009 e G GQ Deh
j e h j dG h
e E a j dGh gG CG
j G G g CG
G G
QG Gh h L EGh aG
a G dG
e dGh eG EG dG
G A h a GOCG gQ
e Gh
F dG gO G
h jMh GQ h dG GQ
OL aG jh . dG
e e e - OQCG dM
A dG CG M GdG GdG V EG
G e CG dG j dGh
.OQCG
aGdG WQG
dG dG e QG
dG a QG
C h OQCG
j dGh eG gQ CG h
jdG
g j aGO j
.aGh dG
dG a QG EG
EG OD
G L a ; j M h
A dM LGh G VG
G d d a M EG h dG
EG OD jEG GL d CG jW
dG G G EG e Fg e
eCG Q d F G eGdGh dG
.(2007 hdG dG) dG G CGQ
CG DhdG j d AV h
d edG G a dG dG
QO dGh gD G EG O jEG O G
dhh aG A d iDhdG L
G hCG F g AG
aG
. G
M OQCG jh
L j h a j GO
j CG G a .d G MCG G EG
dG jG hQ G dG dG
h e G dG e d dG
64-15) j dG i dG Q CG dG
64 a hCG 15 e CG) dG (
M
LQ (dG e
j dG i dG Q CG dG e %69
EG dG dG
j CG OQC d h .12030 %31
G EG dG dG g e
ae
OG EGh dGh G C Q iL e
e j CG j M d G
M
d d dG dG
dG L MG
dG
EG aVEG G
V Gh WCG V dG
j d jdG d EG
h .e G G g
j
dG i M
2011/2010 d dG aG j
dG e
EG EG OQCG
L e e
d AG dG dG L
V G hCG dG dG e Oj
e dG AGOCG hCG eCG e
.VjdGh d dhdG GQ G
EG jO G M EG OCG
G d Oh adG OQCG e
dG a gGh . jO G
j
e d GdG dG
dG j M e dG j dG
. G EGh W WE A dGh
Q G d Ld ah
.W h e Gh
a G LCG A
j
dGh dGh
dG Qh V OQCG
e h L e aG G
e dG GQ Gh GdG j G
dG G C dG g h . L
G CG OQCG eCG dG e
eh .O G dG d
Lj
aG QG G j d
G
d aOdGh GdG dG OGQEG
dG h Mh aG GdG
A d e dG OQG G h G
eC G aG dG dG
h dGh LG WCG h
QO dG DG OjEGh j G GA a
G jdGh G Q dG j Q
F h EG G j h
Gh dG e dG EG dG
j dG h a G FG EG
. jMh DG dG d e dG
OQCG G aG dM
MUEG OCG
EG jO G
e
adG OQCG
G dNOh
Y jO G
H OQCG j
f M
j GO
f Ua
G EG IL j h
d G MCG
G aG M d
dG M GQ d dG e OQCG
a d h e gQ EG
GQ d j dG g da ;MGh G
.gjj dG dG G Q G OdG
dG Gh V dG G g h
jO G G G G Deh EG
jdGh dGh dGh LGh
G LG dG jdG
aVE Q dG LCGh
182
aGh f fEG dG dM
GO h j h
OQCG dM
dG j
dG dG
d dG
e dM EG OQCG
dG QG G
jdG I G
VG GdG
OQCG Vh
M j aQ EG e j eG
j dG dG De h . WGG
QG M O e
dG
2005 0.652 EG 2000 0.621 e
dG dO CGh .2010 0.681 h
G CG e
QO dG EG
e OQCG 2010 d F EG
d 2010 h 2005 e
dG
2
1-1-1 h G jh . dhO169 CG e 82
G j dG dG G De e L EG
.ga d GdG jd dG
dG dG dG dG j
QG G e d M EG OQCG d
G DG
.jdG G dG
d CG G e ie
G g aG j CG EG . dGh
jG e eO dG G CG dG
dG jO Gh dG e CG G
M e h . dG Q CG
dGh
jC dG aQh OQCG O G
g
jh . QG gDG edG
e jQ G G aG
h dG eG dG
O G V dG h EG
Q e j h CG d LGh
Q Gh e dG Gh dG
e dG dGh dG dG eCG
G G dG e A dG
dG Gh e G
MGG dG dG CG j h
dG GQe dG EGh dG
Q dGh eCdGh dG dGh dG
d e CG EGh dhDG
d G Mh GQG dG Gh
eG Gh W h QG G e
OQG e G d d gD h .L EGh
. adG
QO h Qeh gDe j
G d G LCG eh
EG dG dM
dG e
eh dGh dG WGeh OQCG
j
Gh jG
d
.aG G G e dG
1-1-1
24CG dG |dG
jdG dG
dG e q H
WGe Y
dGh I dG
d eh
j fG
dG f
G fG e
aG
dG
+100
99-95
94-90
89-85
84-80
79-75
74-70
69-65
64-60
59-55
54-50
49-45
44-40
39-35
34-30
29-25
24-20
19-15
14-10
9-5
4-0
%46.5
fG
eCG OGdG e :Q G
2011 QjCG/je 30
183
jQ
e e e - OQCG dM
1-1-1
h G
73.1
G C OdG G dG e
%7.8
d d eCG
LEG G dG e OdG
%5.4
LEG G dG e dG EG
0.87
j dG dG dO dG De
% 4.9
(2007-2000
% 14.2
LEG G dG e dG EG
(2008-2000
dG
dG
%4
d GQ e e j j dG dG
%2
a e j j dG dG
% 5>
j dG
% 96.3
(2009-2001
830
100 d
% 1.9
EG e e
G 5 hO dG dG WCG
(2008-2003
www.Hdr.undp.org 2011
edG aG hCG
j e CG
aG EG j
EG a dG e L
GOCG gh Gh dGh Gh dGh
aa .dhdGh Gh EG d
e EGh G d e d G G g
G aG h . dGh dG LCG
. dG dG Gj h CG
e h L EG aG QhO j
Gh EG j dG L
e OaEGh Q e ah dhdGh
. dG dG g O EG
VG GdG
OQCG h
C d O G e e
G G d A dG OG EGh aG
M
dG a . eCG
L dG QG M
dLEG dG h . MG G
Q G
e M e dG d
2011/2010 d dG aG j
FG G d G dG e
1000 d j G dG
27
% 12
e j j dG dG
dG LG
e OQCG
fC e IOe
Y CG
d ,AdG OGYEG
G
RHCG
WGG IH
edG
G 5 hO
dG e j j dG WCG
/ j CG 20 jQ F EG G CG e d h dEG G :Q G
www.unicef.org d h dEG G
G De AG dGh A CG
dG G
j A EG
i dG dG
dG
M
dGh OQG G
%14
EG dG
j j dG
LG e e d j eh
. G O G Oj dG eh
Oe e OQCG dG LG h
d A dG OG EG CG C e
edG WGG G
g CG
AG d CG dG Q CG QG e
h dG d QGh hGh
h dG LG e G G
LG dhDe G dG
eGG EG dG EG .
d h d O j
j
QGOE h jdG WG dG
dG Q d G j h dG OQGG
.jdG eGdG h Q GdG
jdG gCG G gCG g
jh
.eO dG MG OQCG eCG FdG
N OQCG
G G dG
ke
OYG e
C d
OGYEGh aG
G d AdG
eCG G
184
OQCG dM
dG Y
GR GE e
CG EG , dG
dG dG
e jdG j
Gh j dG
CGQ Yh
dG IOL
f Rh
dG Y fEG
% 0.34 dG
e G e
`f dG N e
`j d G
dG I`MG
2010 Y CG
`j AdEH
Y dG dG
`M ,` dG
e dG dG
EG YO a
185
j GL Gh dG dG
dG aJ G gQh e
.j Qh G G
J dG
VhCG gG Dj e dh
J dG LGh jO G
. dGh A OCGh AG d
G a
dGh j dGh dG dG jh
A h A dG OG EG CG
aG EG d
e EG aG
. LGh jO G MG Jh
2011/2010 dG adG j J Q CG h
CG e 65 J A L OQCG CG EG
dG O G i G dhO 139
O G e dG h .(2010 j E
e j dGh dG J J dG
dG dh h j dG j J
CG EG dG d h A EGh dG
dG e 5%0.34 hJ EG
dG ge CG
LEG G
dG e Jh dG EG G
Jh . e G d Q e GL
dG
EG G V dG
116 JG OQC G MG M dG id
.( dG LG dhO 139 CG e
dGh e G a dG CG h jh
V dhD G j ( G
e a . dG dG gG
CG
GAGLEG J
dG Q d G G dGh
e e EG j dGh dG
J CG dG MG j d DG dG
dG dG jV AdE 2010
aJ e dG dG M dG
G dG Ea d . VEG O
e a G J
CG j
a V L EG eh WJ
F dG GQOEG h dG dG
jO G G
C G dG
dG QC GeCG hDhQ CG A Gh
e OQCG dG EG J
e G h dG aG J
.d e dh
dG dG LGJ dG jdG eh
d G M dG O V G
M e G hdG e Q dG
WGe e d M 135 OdG hj
AG d EG eh 2009 d %51.8
( 15 e CG d dG i d dGh
LEG dG h %92.5
dG dG h %99 CG dG
dG O dG D e h .%83.3
EG EG h 1.01 CG d
QG h 1.04 dG dG Q dG
CG .(CG 2010 hdG hdGh dG
j e 23-19 jdG dG e %42
.(2009 dG Q CG) dG d
G EG e
dG h
e jdG CG EG dG
dG e j dG Gh j dG
dG OL CGQ h dG
dG CG V e d h
j d CG . GQdG g e dG
G OQCG
EG Q EG
e G QG O L
hCG G OQCG MG M dG
ie
VjdG dGh dG
dhdG GQdG Q G dG h dG
dG (TIMSS /J) VjdGh d
2007
e dG dG e d j LCG
.(2007 F EG G CG e )
MCG dG dGh G EG jh
EG O J dG e dG a G G J e
d j dG O G e dG a dG
gGh DG Oh A EG OQCG
EGh LGh dGh dG
G G g G EG E a dGh
a .deCG jG EG J
e e a aGJ MC G EG dO
hdG d aG e M
G J e d dG J J h 35.59
dhO CG e G EG
EG G dh .4 dG aGJ
Ea 2011/2010 dG adG j J
AGQh j Q G eG Q CG
G Gh Q G
Q dG V
139 CG e 68 JG OQC G MG M
.dhO
F L G G EG EG dG h
e G AGOCG d dG G
G
OLh dG d GQ G F Lh
e D i CG DG
e G E gG E a h Gh
e e e - OQCG dM
CG d dG Q G
2003
CJ e LddGh
J e 35 MG
V G e L Jh JGh e G
. a 750 e CG ah 20
G EG Ge d d G d
e O j Q
g dG
6
h. d G dG Jh V G
M h CG VM OJ e dG
eEGh OQGG jOh e J CG EG
e O d jG G dG e
dGh e G CG . MG
j dhCG J dG G
aVEG dG dGh OjdG
QaCGh egG LJ EG L G EG
dG MG j dG jOjdG
dGh G OQC d d j G
. dG jhdG
e G J EG OQCG jh
aG e E FdG F dG iMEG
aG d FQ GOC h .A dG OG EGh
C W OQCG h .dhGJh
GQ J h CG dG j J
e
Mh DG AGOCG
JGh e G LdJ De
. hdG d aG e M
aGJ MC 4.95 ddG h
e G J OL Jh .e e dM
. dG j g G D JGh
50 JG
OQCG M G G g h
2011/2010 dG dhO 138 CG e
dhO 133 CG e 44 J Q e
dG O G iG . dG dG
.(2011 j E
g dG e OQCG JC jh
dd 5.99
MhG J dG G D G
J DG dGh jO G aG G
. JGh e G J dd 4.95 h
h O G
j G Ve h
aG dG Gj h aG
G jM
EG dG e
jEG G OQCG a .jdG
aG EG ddG e
dG G dGh j dG e
e j jdG G
F dG e h G G AG h dDG M
d
2011/2010 d dG aG j J
e d M 5000 EG 4000 Q e
g eG gh . G jdG
G OhOG J gCG e V G G g
EG OD j
dG dG e JC G
QJ i CG e Q M dG LJ
Jgh MCG e CG GF
M dG e
OjEG d
Q d
dG Qhh Gh dGh G D d gDG
a e G h dG e J dG
j h jL jCG e j
e O d LQG dG Qd
.(2009 dG Q CG) GdG
dhDG d e G Jh
GQdG W hCG J : M
ge M j j dG dG
e C Oh dG dG j J
d egG Ch e
G EG j dG GQd
dh G Vh e O
MdG eCGh . dG d egG
j dG jQdG g A C a dG
G dG W h j e GQO
CG
d h O CG
.j dGh d G M dG G
e dG eCG e O L dh h
d LddGh d
CG d
e h OQCG M d j W WQ
GQO CG dG dG O h
OQCG dG dG jdhCG M Wh
gCG e
G 2020-2011 G d
.eGG dG dG dG
G e dG V jh
Q aG
e G dGh dG
EG e Gh dG D G
CG
CG j J e LCG
gh . G G EG F h
J dG jQ G D d
EG j h dG dG F
. e jO G h e
dG F j
j G h
G EG Q aCGh Gh EG dG
dG e
GQO e EG
dG OQCG CG VM
gGhL CG eh FGQ J
dG e O j J Gh
VM dJ G a .LdG
q j
H dG
dG Ge
UG dGh
N e
q e I LCG
HCG j
h dG
Ff
OQCG N
HjEG GN
I`
EG ddG e
`aG
Y
Y
jdG e
dG fG dGh
` G
`j dG
186
2-1-1 h G
D|G 6d qe G|7'e
dG
ddG
7
5.54
aG O G
J DG dGh jO G aG G
G EG
j dG OQGGh dG
JGh e G J
OQCG dM
5.99
dG G EG
OQCG j dG
G e
e
EG Yj aG
f Gh dG
e AH EG
eeh e
j j
hdGh dG
q e H
dGh dG
CdGh jQdGh
187
5.59
5.62
4.95
www.worldbank.org 2011 QjCG / je 23
jQ ( dG G AGOCG J e
.aG EG ddG QO
; W eCG eO dG LC gG EG
M dG e
J a
e %46.5 19 dG hO jdG dG
j dG dG
gh 8(OQCG dG
h dG O
dhDe dG
O A d j dGh . e dG
A d dG g G Q d
j dG dG G CGQ e j
LM dh
LG Q dG
e e dG dG
JLMG eCJ
j h . LGh dGh dG
e CG eO dG LCG
dG EG
CG dG
GQ jd CG g
G CGQ G CG . dG Q id
G
D dG j dG dG
W CG EG aVE
G dWCG
J JG aG A
eO LCG OG EGh J
jW e e J
G e
. e L EG J
O A d OQCG d
dG d CG Gh dG
G a J e d h
e
e dG OGQEG e h G
eCJh dGh dG A dG LMG
LG GQO G d h d j dG
e jdG CG EG Q EG Q h . d
hCG dG Q W G e GQO G g
M GDdG j d d dG MGe
dG gQ GQO G J
d e je
EG h Gh
. 9AGOCG e
dO
dO
dO
dO
dO
10 dG dG
hdG dG :Q G
aGh jQdG A CG Jh
g e dG h .jQdG QG CGh h G
G j G j j dG
e JG G jdG
e G QdG JGh dG QdG
. hQhCG O Gh G jdG e
OQCG j dG dG G EG
j aG e G De
j G EG j a ; Gh VdG EG
G h dGh j dG e
dGh jO G aG G j G
h . JGh e G Jh J DG
e G EG dG G g O G Ge e
j h OQC d jQCG
a
dG LCG OG E eeh
.aG G d adG
: dG LCG OGYEG
aG Ad CG Ne
Q d LCG A J
J eh e aG
Q Gh jdG e eh Gh W
gG j dG eCG LdG
. d G d j d
G DhdG e L E a g eh
e OG E LCG A dG
jQG Gh d eeh e
J dG adG hG
jh JG dG
JGeh dG j G jdG
dG j J d
jh .
dGh
dG D e
e dGh h dGh
L A d h gCdGh jQdGh dGh
e e e - OQCG dM
dG h e dGh D G
G EGh . CdG h e W Q
jDhQh GQ e j GQG A
G j Ea e jQe
d d GOh VM
j W
a G WG G
W d dG O EG
QO dG G
.G
dG YHQ
LCG OG EG e e
CJh
dG h aG A d eO dG
dG dGh eh CG
gh . a G A d A dG OG EG
J eh G e ejO e e
: g FQ QCG
. J CG CG gh : dG dG
FG i d G dG a J Jh
Gh j dGh dG a G
Jh aG G
C Jh d h
d dGh OGQEGh dG aJ e G EG
. d
j g G Jh : ``` ` dG ` `Y IQ`` ` dG
eEG Gh
dG j W
FGdGh MGh aG j dGh jOG
dG hCG j dG hCG a dG GOGh
d ;O G e hCG J CG dG
OG EG
QO dG G GQ dG G
hCG M e aG gCJh A dG
LCG
i CG M e J dG
G
G e dG
.G d d e dG dGh GQG
A d CG
jh : dG
dG h dG Q h GQG
G e edG d FG OjEGh
edG L EG eEG hCG a e
h jQdGh gCdG G e
. dG EG
: ``` ` ` d `` `eR`` `dG ``` ` ` ` G `` eC` `
h g e
dG
jh
dGh DG G Geh
d e dG j dGh jOGh jQGOEGh
dG dG jQG G Oh jEG
.aG A dG OG E
j J CG dGh j Gh aG EG
2011/2010 d dG aG j J
gMh GQG EG
gQ
G EG EG H G
e f G
, dG e
IWeh f
QGh Y d
GQG AH q j
H
YGOh M
d d
WG fG
Y ,aG
G jW
IOYEG Y QO dG
W d H dG
G
188
OQCG dM
OQCG
f dG H
aG
H
d CG
d , dGh
G EG j
G
U N , NCG
jdG a
dG UY e
dG
189
O j J eCG j .G EGh dG
EG G jh . WGG
h d
e eO dG LC gG aG
dGh dGh GQG
CG
eJh . dG e CG
e i CG Q e e dG g e
dG aGJ
J dG e e
. J e eCJh dG dG j h Q dGh
dG j e G Jg h h
QG Gh aG Jh
.eGG EG dG EG h
G dG J 2009 d dG aG
Jh . a G e E CG
A CG . ed dG
ejO G L g aG
: g CG QCG
JJ Ge
aG WJh h dG dG aJ
d h . E G dG e Jh
dG
a OQC d
d CG G aG
G iG EG j d dGh
e jdG aJ h i CG
dG j Q e dG dG
e e e - OQCG dM
2011/2010 d dG aG j J
190
2-1
dG
OQCG dM
A dG OG EGh dG dG
OQCG aG
f dG
dG jGdG
f
jh .aG
jgL G d
dG H
QOGdG QGhOCGh
h ,jdG
dG dG
G
OQCG Q
j EG
aQh dG
NGdG A
CG EG ,LQGh
j d
AGOCG Gh H
edG
191
dG jG dG da . dG
jgL G J d Vjh .aG
Jh j dG QOGdG QGhOCGh dG
j . G dG dG
J e dGh a d edG GdG
O EGh L EGh F EG Mh aG
.L EG
dG :OQCG dG f
edG GgCGh
OG EG EG OQCG dG dG j
JG GQ Oh e WGe
dGh j a V dGh G dGh
(... dG dGh Gh dGh dG
.aG e dG Q OG eEG EGh
d dG a aJ
j
j dG eG dGdGh GhG h
dG j dG J e h
LQ Gh G dG A dG aQh d
QGh GQG g CG EG . dG d
CG d e dG AGOCG VGh J
2009 (PISA) G Q G F
V gh 387 Vj dh 415 d
hdG e hO G e hOh
Vj d 496 dG dGh O G
O G h dG e) d 501 h
.(2010 j E dGh
dG A
JQa dG MdG e dG
EG CG dG LEG dG
G CG 2009/2008 d %97.6
(2010
h dG hdGh dG QG hh
.%0.3 EG dG Gh
G e d j d eG G
LGj eh Gh gGh
. dG
gC Jh OG EG dG G g h j
e OQCG A dG
dG g JG Gh eh
F h e e e G ieh
dG LGe
dG h .aG
G OQCG dG
d CGh eG dGh G gCGh dG
dG dG EG a VEG Q Gh
dG e dG EG O Lh
.a dGh
IF dG jH dGh dG dG
AdG gCd
FdGh edG eGdG MCG dG j
Q d A dG gCJh
jO G dG h a G
dG VGh j a ; LGh
O Gh dG Q dGh LG
A dG gG e
dG Qh d G
d g CG Jh Jh JGQ h
.da j
Wh d OG Gh dG
jh QO Gh Q G
a G j
J eEG
dG ehG dG
edG JGQ Gh gj Jh J Wh
eh A dG id j MEG Jh
dG j J
j . aG
A G jh FG EGh a dGh LG
JMh d jh dh dGh W d dG
QG e G GQ A dG jh JO h
dG
e h GQGh e Gh
Jje
d jh . jEG
C dGh eCG e a Jh dG
.J G CG jh jd
jdG QO e gCG dG dG j
O j CG e h G OG aC
EG e CG Qh L EG
aG A dG OG EGh dG dG - OQCG dM
dG Jh j dG OQG G h d eG G G
eCGh QGOEG j dGh j dG OQGG
. d LG
eG dG dG dG .jOG dG Jh
QO eh g G jh dG QG j dGh dGh dGh dG
. WdG VdG h G dGh
e O G jh O G V dGh dG jje O Gh QG dG
.h jCG QGG O Gh
dG dG dh
d D j
dG e G O G OQCG
dG gG VG dG dGh
jQd M dG h dG G
G G EG QG dG dG e
. QGh
dG g EG
Q h eAG Gh dGh dG
j J
jW
OG G gCG
EG J GMEG
QO dG dG
e G gD e M
j Jh G EG jJh aG
. EG dG e e
G CGQ jJ a j J h
G OQCG dG G
O CG :g dG d jQe
EG O CG QG jh . Gh
Je G QGOEGh dGh OCG ha
. dG dGh dG dGh
dG ha EG G QG j
dGh
G O Gh
GQ dGh
L g C
MdGh dG
L hdGh GQG g e
dG : e dG OG G e O
VjdGh j EG dGh dG
dGh e EG dGh Gh
J OG e EG aVE WdG
.a d
g CG d GQO
CG EG
ieh A dG OG EG gGhLh GQG
e dG dGh GQG G e J
V EG F d dh .aG
G dG
h dG dG
. G G g LGGh dGh
2011/2010 d dG aG j J
L
LCG eh
dG QG h CG dG dG
d dG Q WEG h dGh
dG Q 2013-2009
h LG eh
j J Qe
dG dG Vhh
LMGh AGj eh e
j dG CG h . a G
G MG J eh dG dG
h G d dG M Gh
GQeh dG h d dG
eCG h G ie dGh G
dG QGOEGh G
hdGh
. dG d
dG e dG Jh
Gh G MG e O
: JCj
dG d dG QGOEG JG G
dG Jh
M dG j Jh j e dGh
j dGh QGOEGh e Gh JGh
. QG
F dG
dG a a G eGdG dGh WCG VjQ Jh d
. G dGh e dG
GQO
GQ G CG d
dG
OGYEG gGhLh
ieh AdG
G e
dGh GQG
eRdG
d dh ,aG
EG FY
dG dG
HG dG fh
LGGh dGh
G G g
1-2-1 QWEG
24CG k64e
g h dG dGh jO j dG
e QG J dG eGdG e
.A
A Qe Jh
jQd GQ G O CG :e
d G Gh G
QGG e J dG dG
dG OQCG Deh ( dG
QO eh (eG QGG e J
e J dG OQCG dG
( QGG GO LddG eGdG
. WCG e EG aVE
da e Qe Q W
dG dG e gA e
G G D eh Gh
L CG .j dG e
LG dhDG e GA L dG
e G dhDe dh OG aCG d
gj CG j a a
EG G e CG e j
. G dG G GQO G
OQCG Qe h e WCG
J J QO 2008
EG Jh A dG e GO
dG e G QGG e 500 VhCG
Qe G . d EG
2010 j Mh WEG e
e CGh Qe 300 EG dG e
. dWh dW G 110
.2011 i CG Qe 100 QO G
Qe Jh
LMG d O CG F e
QGG
e gj j QGG
:
J
dG dG h EG t
EG G M h . Q d
. Qe 300 3659
dG dG AG EGh j J t
eG dG a J
e QG G
Qe L G dG
LdJh G jQJ eG e
h G eG h e Gh JG
192
OQCG dM
Lj
GgCG e e
G edG
H G
aG
dG Lf
H OQCG
gG H dG
eOEG Y
eRdG GQG
N d e d
aG
193
JGh e G J G G t
h h JQGOEGh e G d
. Jh aG dJh
GQ dG Jh G EGh dGt
Ge
dG dG dG
. geh
G Mh dG dG G Gt
. a j QG dG GQeh
Vh A CG Q dG g CGh
GQO e d Gh edG LdG
dCJ d CG dG
dG M dG OQGeh dG OG
edG e
ah dGh CG
GQdG gG i aCGh CGdG
G i L a . jQ J d CGh
d edG LdG e G L
eEG gOG EG hQh dG
e dG j dG GQG M eh
ie O
h h je ah
EG
g d Gh Q d G
GQ d JEG LQOh dGh F Gh
dG a V LCG eh .d Q h
Ea dG hCG OG EG AG dGh
CG O
Gh edG LdG
j dG QO G M h d CGh
d
CG EGh e j CG QG
G Gh CG J hCG
F G dGh jQ dG JG G
QO G G G EG a VEG d
GhOCG a LdG
dG dG
. JGh e G J
J OQCG dG L CG
GQG eOEG gG
dG
aG d e d e dG
VG W
dG J M
O a j . e d e G
GQ O G M LdG VGh id
dG EG a G j h
. a dG G G J
j
LdG e dG g G L eh
e d jdG dG e J dG
.10 dG gGe e CG
jCG gG g
Dj eh
QGdG dG OG G M h
LG M G Ve
GdGh
GQG AH
dG Lf
JG G GQe OQCG
d dG QWG h g G e
QGhOCGh dG e dG O EG
dG dG GG dG h QOG
j Jh dG A EG h QGe OJ
e J J L d ge
LGG g eJh .aG e
GQG e dG EG
dG EG
e dGh jQh dG dGh g Gh
dG d dG dG G
CG Qh dG jh Q G M Qj
j dG G EG dG a
GO
GGh Q jh J G
. G dG QO e e GQGh
GQG e O
e d jh
Q WEG d WdG dG J CG dG
M e dGh g d dG
V d O CG aG e e dG
EG h J
Q dGh G
Q dG EG a VEG G
h AG j dG GQ G G G
e JG ( Gh O h
dO Jh aG EG
Q dGh j G
J e h Gh OGaCG e
dO Jh e G QGOEG j G dG
dG GQ e e dGh gQ Gh
eCdG EG aVE hdG dGh dG
. Jh G dG LGeh
d edG dG L eCG EG
dG V j OQCG dG
G
e edG G gCG e e
dGh aG dG
e dG Q Gh GQ G e dG EG
e dG L dG d jh . d d
:JG deCG
. G ie d G dG Q EG t
d dGh dhD G t
QaCG
dGh dG
Gh
. jL
hdGh j G e GdGt
.e
aG A dG OG EGh dG dG - OQCG dM
d CGh QG Q G J CG
F L G dG dG GO jQJ
.Jg Gh JGQeh e dG Qe
dG G j G e G EG
h AG G e jQdG JG G
G) Gh G Mh G
.(2008 j dG OQG G d WdG
jLCG dG GG GQdG F CG
M CG dG CG Gh j dG G g
CG GQ dG d G
hj GQdG Q G QG
d CG G G e Q jd CG
dG dGh (%48.5) G M
d CG h .(%51.5) dG
ddGh G GQ j C
dGh G d CG G G
hL G) ( GdG %56.6 h %33.3)
CG FdG CG EG .( G 2-1
G G C Gh CG QG d CG jCG
G M e j G j dG d CG
QhV G dGh dG dGh
%83) e dG OG EG GL
Q G QG LEG e %77.2 %75
4-1 h L G) (G G dG
QG QhO M gDhGQG Q Jh .( G
QGh d
dG jh J OQCG
QGG G j dG FG dG QhO M
h L G aG d dG J
id CG d e jh .( G 6-1
d CG J dGh dG G
EG j dG dG j G
jQdG GQG G e ADg
jQJh gOG EG iL e G EG e dG
d J dG dG a J e e
.GQG g J
dG G G
LCG e G e
j
e G G e dG id dG L
J
e dG LCG e dG
J J GhOCGh JG G
G i d dG LdG
dGh g Gh dGh GQG Q Jh
dGh dG GdGh JGh G C
LG dG j dG Jh A Gh
2011/2010 d dG aG j J
CG EG aVE dG dGh
; M LdGh CGG Q
GJ
Q dG e jdG J gG dG e EG
. OQCG CG d j dG QGhOCGh dG
jLCG dG GG GQdG CG h
2011/2010 GQdG dG e e
Q G QG CGQ hJ j dG G g
OQCG g G QhO M G
LCG a .aG A dG OG EG
aGe C Q G e a %27
e dG J gG CG
e
GQG Gh G j LGe
d
aGh M jQh dG
aGj %59 (e aGe F L
Q G Q G e %14 d
.( G 1-1 h L G G
dG Ld LGe h e d d
dG VGh a J
C J
Q dGh aG
jQJ eG
e e
G EG e V G G g M e
. G G g GQdGh CG Ge
OGG
H fRG dG
LdGh ICGG IQU
e EG M H
gG dGR
Q dG e jdG
QGhOCGh dG
ICG d j dG
fOQCG
jQdG G G
J G V G aG EG
J G e GD
LEG
g e CG LEG EG d hJ
h jCGh G g J J
aG eh G aG
G eG G eh aGG
JG G
d dh ?d
eG Gh
Q d j J
ddG e A dG d Jh
jQO h a G EG
e G M hJ J GgCG
dG GQ dG
Jh gQ Gh
g G Q da . dG dGh dG
G Va e G O Jh dG F h
e jL J d CGh JG G
dGh dGh G M
g G Oh h . G EGh dG
dGh e eh JG G g
jQ h eCG J e G QOh g J
. e
Ge
g d dG GQdG F CG
Q Qq Q
NGO QG
dG dG
j G j e
Y dG
G EG
AG G
Yh Gh
Mh YG
G
194
CG (%83) Q G e iCGQ h
dG M g dG FdG G
e d jh LQ h dG GO
7-1 h L G j dG QG
.( G
OQCG dM
Ff CG
fGG GQdG
j dG G d
I e AGQG
QG M
Y , dG
d CG Q q Y
dG j G
G Y
j N
O G f dG
OQCG Y ,aG
ge j Y
HdG dG
jQ d CGh
h h
e IA
195
HdG dG EG
a dG dG dG dG
GdG hh dG eC d CG
V Gh jd CG Gh F CG
WdG dG gJh .gah G d
dG e O e
e dGh O G Q dGh eGG
d hCG Q G
A G h aG Gh WJ
L EG EG h G
Gh
aa dGh G CG
gj J
dGh jdGh dG dG
j LGh dG e G
. d O G CG
dG ge j
OQCG h
Jh Jh jQJ d CGh dG
dG j J
V e A
gQ (ERfKE1) aG O G
. dGh dG MG e FdG dG
GQe d FdG QhG Jh
G dGh j dG CGh JG
dGh dGh dGh j dG d CGh
dG dG J QO e OJh . dGh
W CGh M dh Qe e
M
.d e dG J j J
12
. G dG O dG dG ge
dG G L
dG LCG eh
LCG dG dG e J dGh
GQO a . dG GQ dG e O
e j dG jQdG d CG A G
(2006
edG) dG dG Q e
e j j dG Q G CG J
j dGh %54 g jO G hCG jOMCG d CG
GQ eh G M CG e j
CG jM GQO CG .%25 dG
G EG dG GQe
dG
V OQCG dG dG Qe id
e
dG eCG) (%4.5) G L
dG Qe CG i CG GQO Jh .(2007
dG d QeCG AdhCGh e d
ddG
jQO OG aCG OG EGh j h
dG Q Gh aG EG
d QWEG Vh d dh . h
Oe GhOCGh JG G
G
W h GdG d dG AGOCG
J
F Qh dG adG J
. d dG J j J
AGOCG G D eh j dOCG CG
dG d d Le d
j G a
dG
AGOCG ie eh jQdG j J
V jh .e J Qh e dG
QCG e dCj jW
e dG J
QO
: g J d je
dG Q W h jG dG G eh
O Q e
ah j eh
jjG e AGOC WdG iG
.Le AGOCG je e dGh QGGh
J GQe dOCG g gCG Jh
h QGGh G J GQG
G DG g CG EG . e dG J EG
M QG MGGh gG L J
dG dG a ge QC CG CG
( dGh j EG dGh V j dGh
e dGh G dG dG
Gh
. dGh dGh
dGh dG QG h GQO Q CG h
M e dGh Q G AGQG
GhOaCG QG d C 11gG
MO G eh e dG J
Vh GQdG OG M h dG
aGJ h QG O j h dG
. Gh dG d jQh dG G dG
C J G a e d d eCG
Q dG jdh e dG d CG
. CG J
G d GG GQ dG F CGh
QG M d e AGQG j dG
J CG dG dG
.jd dG j G d CG Q
gCG G dhCG j dG G hJ a
G EG
Q dGh GQO G J
%55.4
d d C Q Gh
J CG e dG
GdG
%62 h
. e dG G GQG gCG e
aG A dG OG EGh dG dG - OQCG dM
eG J
e G e d
Jh CG OG G d FG EG
J e G J G G e
e e Jh e dG
. dGh dGh CG
J a aJ EG eG dG g Jh
G e dG eEGh J Jh
Jh JLMG Jh JGQ Jh
LGh GdG JGQe j J
dG G JGQ j Jh
j
GG g O h h . GOGh
.G e
jh :``O`` CG ``j``` ``dG ``e``f``H MG Gj C Gh gG e d
jOdG dG e CG CG
jeh CG ah dG V C
d dEG O G e h h
d dG LMG J EG jh .e dG
MGe
J
J eh dG
A EG h dG e J
. CG h GQdG gG
dG G Y ` `G `` QG``e ``e``f``H j J e J EG jh : ```` `d
dG dG j J EG J J
j Gh gG e d dG
dG j Jh dG JLMG J
j dGh dG d QGh dG
j e dG G EGh g Gh
.eeCG dG DaJh dG WG O
d d e dG Jh Q G jh
GO G O h VGh dG ah QGG g
Jh . j Gh CG e
aVEG ge e O G a e d
e G Jh V j dG FG EG
dG h G Jh h dEGh
j h jO dG dGh dG Jh
QGG J i CG M eh . e
GQ h J J e J EG
Jh j Jh j G e dG eEGh
VjdGh dG JGQ h JegG
G EGh jO dG JGOG G j Jh
Jh jd dG dG GQe Jh
e G J Qhd JegGh QGe
aJ EG QG dG Jh .aG G
h a
dG G g e Qe
. QGe
G gO
2011/2010 d dG aG j J
ge jQJ GhLh dG
ah jQdG Jh G JG g CG
OG Gh G dG h jOdG h dG
G G G h jQ d e dG
G j G dGh jQdG d CG
.(2008 j dG OQGG d WdG
(G GQ G j dG Q CGh
dG e %50 G M CG EG 2009 d
G j 15 gQ CG J j dG
CG e FG dG dG iG EG
id CG G h .je
.(2010 j E hCG Q dG e dG
dG D e G j dG Q CG h
h Gh : OQCG DG dG
OQCG dG dG ) VdG
gGh jdG O j QhV EG (2010
e dG Jh d aGG C
G QhO Jh G d G
QG G EG Q Gh Q G
F G h M dG dGh
dG dG Qe G dEGh g h
dG dG e
Q Gh
J e .jQdG A CG dG
e d d JG EG V
dG QG h a Q J dG d
OQCG dG dG h a dG QG hh
J eh Gh dG e Gh
G G D eh j dG OQG G
.(2007 e
dG eCG
e G G e
L dG G dG eG d
h .AG EGh dGh edG
j j e dGh dG QG h
g eh . gGh G eG J
:eGdG
jh :`` `jO`` `j`` `dG ` ` G`` `G `` e`` f`` H -
IQh g
q G G d
d d
d e
dG
HgG j
jG e gH
a N e
q Yh Ne
gY q Yf
j Y
RGHEGh GQ
YHEG
196
OQCG dM
dG e j
j CG H dG
kja ddG
AGOC k h
WGG LGh
dG QGh
dh G
G dG
M G
Y aG
e j G a
dG j G
Gh
G dGh a dGh
dG H
WG dG
197
G CGdG G MG
QdGh QG
G e dGh G A h
Q CGh
GO CGQ Jh
CGh QG GO WG dG e
e CG dG j
G dG dG Q j
dGh e dG dGh dG
CG g J CGh F dGh dG
h G j e e EG EG eGdGh
A G h . hdG hCG G M hCG
G CG J CG h G e
.QaCG A h
J aG M G G dG EG
j G e j G a J
G
j
a dGh Gh dG
G WG dG dG G dG
QG Q h . h dGh dG
G OGaCG J gG a GOCG
Q G e dG G d
F
a Jh j M G a
J
OQCG a LG
ee e e QG dGh gG
Gh WGh aG M e dG e
dhD G h i CG a dG
GG G MGh JG dG dGh A Gh
j G e jdGh edGh CG
j J
h .dGh jOdG G MGh
CG e
e dG g
GQGh dG
e e dG
d h Q G dGh J G
d G eh eCGh A Gh G
e dG da . dGh dGh Gh
; GQ dG g G G gCG d L j
M d dG A gQhO d
G e A L g Q dG EG
j CG CG d . e dG e
CG e e QGe hCG QG
G eG dG hCG M dG hCG dG
. gCJ G h aVEG d dG j
EG j dG e EG e da
J CG Q J hCG e Qe d dG
De g h . J M e
jQd Oe h G G
. dGh QG g
e dG
gh
e dG a d eh . QGG
dG QR
j dG d QG JdG EG
. CG CG a D J CG dG
dG
J J CG G g
h
OG EG
dG
dhDe dG
jQJ d j e V A dG
EG GQ d G h hG
dG j CG j G gh .WdGh dGh
e edG G dG
dG
JG dG Gh LG hCG O G dG
d jdG dGh OG Q d
GG e ddG G
e
dG G FQ dG Gh
. LGh
j CG dG dG e jh
WGG LGh AGOC h ja d dG
OdG j CGh dhDG dG Q Gh
edG QG G e Qh M
aG A dG OG EGh dG dG - OQCG dM
G g e O Lh G e %66
QO gOL e %28 OaCGh
hL G h G FGO C %1 CG
.( G 8-1
e d MG dG f
dG N
dG
O e OQCG CGO
V OaCGh eG J aJ
e aG O G dG j J
e gj Jh dG d
aGG ee jM Qe CG A EG
aG eh eh M G
e
g e J G h ah VjQ
e
QGG G e Q e
LCG QGG e dGh G dG
O A EGh e d MO G QGGh
. WCG VjQ e
dG j J G a d eh
a h G OL aJ M e QG
M G aG G h a e dG
QGG O OjO G dG QO eh
a ; g Jh gQ Gh
G LCG QGG e dG
d %10.9 J d CG
EG QG G g J e d h 2009
e dG j e dG j dG aGG
h .j dG CG G G e
%11.3 J dG QGe e dG
GdG J h QG G CGh
A Q dGh QEGh FdG G
EG ; QG dG G J
adG d d G MG EG
MGh e e
j J dG
dG d EG jh . GMCG MCG
QG h FdG WG G G
.(CG2010 hdG hdGh dG
j dG G g e d O G GJh
QO e MCG eh QG dG
j Qh O
M dG Q e
QO G g Jh .jG CG e
e aCG J a J EG
Deh G G e G M
d QOCG h . Gh dG dG
.eO dG G d jj dG G
2011/2010 d dG aG j J
gG e j e EG L G DJ
dG g eh . dG e
GAG G
h QGG dG M
hCG G
e dG
. QG C h edG G j Jh
d Q dG e dG aGO V
.W hCG dG g Gh
e dG G e G D e
eMEG EG aVE F L hCG QG
a dGh dG CG Q G
dG g J CG h LGh
e
jh J W CG J G
VjdG C d Q Q h L
d EG O j
Md .i CG L e
. d J dG h dEG dCG
G
d GQO jLCG h
e OG EG QhV EG h e d
j Gh jQGOEGh Q d jQJ
j dG JG Gh d CG M GG
LG dG e d JG LG dG
A EG h e dG
QG dG G dG Jh dG
aJ Q eCG A dhCGh e dGh
.13 QG WG dG Q d
QGG dG j e h
G g jLCG dG GG GQdG
Q dh M g CG j dG
CG
dG CG h FGO
g O L G e %21.8 O aCG M
%46.5 O aCG h MCG e dG
G
LJ h . G g Q h G
h . CG G
M j J
L e e dG
dG M dG
i CG L e QGOEGh G h
H CGH
edG
I NCG G dG
q
j e EG L G
gG e
dG e
j
QG dG
a M e
a h G IOL
a edG
aGG Yfh
QO eh M G
dG
2-2-1 QWEG
OQCG dG QO e WCG
OEG EG Jh .2003
EG j G LddG F dG
e G OQCG QG e e 100
QGG M J
dG
e QO G e a G
80 EG d
Qe 3589 h d Wh d W dCG
J GQ G ahh . Qeh
198
OQCG dM
H hCG
dG GQdG
jQdG eG d
LQO M fCH
dG e e
QG id
W QG M e
LMH
d CGh jQdG
G jQdG
dG e
aG
GAdG UC
gGh
dG O CG
I G YdG G
199
G JQ EG Q G G e
J J
(e e hCG M Q
F dG
e j e %96 CG
9-1
hGL G dG VG CG
.( G 12-1 h 11-1 h 10-1 h
jQJ a e d d eCG
e G e e dG GQ e
V G GQ e eO
6-)
d G GQ dG gG
d e e Jh (1
e dG j (12-7) d
h . Oe eG e edG
jQO
CG EG Q EG Q O dG G g
d Oe J e G hdG e
M G e eJh hCG dG
e e dG dG dG
J eh CG G GQe
.i CG g d J
G jQ gC f
jO G Y hCGh
YLGh
i CG dG e CG
dG jdGh G dG e d J
GQ d G CG
aG jO e G
jdG
dG e Ea d h .G CGh
GAdG C aG
dG G dG O CG gD Gh
. G
D e CG G
j
e LEG
M j CG J
EG d
LEG g h . dG
CG dGh WCG VjQ e
e G LQ dG
G d
j dG MG d eCG . hCG
e G LQdG j LEG a
J J gD e EG a VE hCG
GQO
a GQdG e
G eCG .(1994 3 Q dGh dG
a h dG g a aGJ dG
h . gCJ EG M EG De LEG
dG j dG G De d
QG hh OQCG e G G
G d G gCd dGh dG
G e j CG
OQCG h
dG J h e G Ldd
e dG jh Jh dG j G
d dG d e L QGGh
dG dG e edG e Gh
dG Q Gh j dG GQ dG Geh
.aG j
L dG dG a
OQCG QG G d G
Q CG . dGh LC Oh h
dG e e
e h dEG QGG
J gh (Eduwave) h dEG
EG dG G Q j ee
a O
e dG
Q G GhOCGh e G QO eh
O CG G L M J dG
h dCJ GhOCG EG aVE dGh
GQe h h dEG dGh gG
J gh .aG EG d d e
.eCG hh d dGh G e d Je
jQdG eG dG e jdG h
dG e edG e d d
; dG Jh G CG
e V e G eCG
EG
(ICDL) G O d dhdG
dG
e dG J JGQe j Jh
(Intel) EG e e e eG
J F M EG F e dG
Oj h e dG J j J h dEG
dOQhh e h dG dG
GQe J EG j dG (WordLinx)
. G i e dGh h dEG dG
eG dG g e
G dh
d G JQ QdG Q
.de Gh h G GO dG
G J CG jQdG G d h
VG C d eG Gh dG eG
GQdG G Q CG a . dG
j dG G g jLCG dG GG
M G F dG d eG EG
%98 i d h M e %100
EG gaJ EGh
EG G G e
OaCG M QG CG LQ EGh e M
e d M a G e %26.8
QG C e %69.1 OaCGh QG
%84.1 Q CG .
EG
JJ
aG A dG OG EGh dG dG - OQCG dM
g O EG jL dGh %100
. d Jh JGhdG
JG G OQCG jh
g Gh G dG
jO G h dG dh dG
G JQ
a . LGh
e jOG aG JG
e hCG e e JQ
h
A CG jQ d G e Gh (
GQ G F Lh e G
G EG d dG d G dG
G e d e dG h . dG
OGG Q dG G
JQG j dG j EG dGh dG
QG h a G A dG OG E
CG eh .(CG 2010 hdG hdGh dG
e gDhGQG G j dG G e
Gh CG j dG G d GG GQdG
CG C gQ h g G G
CG Gh d CG EG (%82.3) d Q
JG dG A G d
dG e
M EG %37.3 d
aGhh (%49)
gOG G
e %33.3 CGh e
G j aJ dG e d dG
14-1 h L G aCG O aj
.( G
C dG Ea G h
G EG e jdG e dG h
M j dG dG G CG EG
; dG GL e jdG
e e J dG da
J dG QG eh LC G CG
G h dG Gh
G
g CG F dG
h Q dG QG GjG eh
d EG j . dG dG
J e
G VQ
. LG e LGJh JGhQ
jQJh OG E eG dM LJ CG
GQhO A O G G
dG jCG
Je j J
CG G g C eh .
A dG OG EG O L e J
eh e edG j G EG aG
eG h
h VGh jDhQ AV
.
2011/2010 d dG aG j J
. hCG e G O dG M e
dG e CG jQdG Cj
L dGh Q dG GL
jdGh GQG iMEG dG
dh . dG G G j
CG jQdG e LG FdG
O CGh QG dG dG jQ d e
jQ d G jQd GQ G
G dG GhOCGh d CG gCGh MCG
.aG
d Oe jQJ eG h
dG eG dGh LddG eGdG e
j G jQ dG JG J
e eG h dG d CGh
J LEG G h .O G
QG CG j dG G d GG GQdG
JGQ d e GQhO d J
( MCG %44.1 h FGO % 44.1) JGQeh
QG
GA d QG J
%63.7) dG C G Jh Qh d
13-1
hL G) ( MCG %24.5 h FGO
.( G
dG GQ dG VhCGh
LQO
M C jQ dG eG d
M e Q G id VdG e e
d CGh jQdG JLM W JQG
CG EG AD g Q CG M G jQdG
Gh V j J d CG
i CG GQO h .(2008 O )
jQdG JG G
jQdG M
jQdG e CG J j G dGh
G j
QG CGh a J
14
. jQdG O aG e ie
jO G VhCG EG d h
e CG EG GA MEG J d
/GQjO 230 hj J G JGQ
aVEG ( jeCG QhO 324 Oj e
dG d JGdG Q J EG
VdG EG iOCG i CG G
jO G VhCG
G L e
GQdG dG
d dh . LGh
e G e GO 2010/2009
VhCG d
G dW
L G LGh jO G
e L QG EGh EG e G e
d dG h
Oj e GAGLEG
Q Y dg
G fL e
Y hCG Y
jO G
.YLGh
, d dh
GQdG dG
GOk Y 2010/2009
e YG e
G dW
H dN
Y hCG
jO G
YLGh
f GR e
,Q dG G
OGG
dGh dG
IjdG j EG
OGYEH QG
AdG
aG
200
OQCG dM
Y OQCG M
hCG G 2007
eG kHY
d
dG Gh
, jdG
G EG Uh
kHY dG
d G H eG
IAG dG IQe e
dG a dGh
2009 Y
fQ G
F MEG QCGh
GR G CG EG
dG
OL N e
UEG
ke e i e
QdG kYfh
IqY Y R EGh
LCG e j e
G Y dG
W h aG
LfEGh
dG G
201
.jdG dG g
;e dG Gg e J
h
dG LEG dG OGO a
h 2009 %97.6 EG d CG
JG dG %79 d dG dG
dG
dG M O j EG iOCG
LEG dG JQGh .dG
e dG M d jdG dG e d
dG QG h %51 hd WCG VjQ
EG O h .(CG2010 hdG hdGh
JL e CG dG
GQ G e dG AGOCG
e
M V j dGh dG dh dG
Q G dG 30 JQG
j 1999 Q e 2007 J
GQe G G e dG J EG
Mh dG dG GQ aG O G
J e
EG aVE G
M h . GQO A CG g G dG QG
eG hCG G 2007 OQCG
VjdG dG Gh d J
G eG dG G EG h
dG a dGh AG dG Qe e d
dGh O G hdG e 2009
J G DG g EG .(2010 j E
dd OG G e LQO O Lh EG V
dG j h .aG EG OQCG
e J C J
G g EG
aG O G
G dG j J
CG EG j
dG Q d
G jEG e J M OQCG
.e dG AGOCG i j a
eh G g j J LCG eh
dG M G dM J dG
O G
G dG j J e e
;(20142009) G C d (ERfKE II) aG
:Qh
jh
J Wh j J CJ : hCG
a J jjGh QG
GOCG gQ QG
G j d
GQeh g e dG jh d FdG
Q G e h g Gh
e J G
h aG O G
d e
e e dG id
Gg Q G h .gj Jh QGG
aG A dG OG EGh dG dG - OQCG dM
aJ eCG e dG OQCG j
aG G
J QGG J
eG dGh e G J h . dhG Jh
LMG h e e dG d j dG
. WCG VjQh G
GG O G g e dG h
dG e J L E a dG d dG
hj
L CG a . Oh
LCG dG G Q G OG aCG
dG e J Q CG j dG Gg VG C
jQ dG j dG d CG EG
dGh G
J dGh dGh
CG CG JG dG h dG
Q dGh
dG O j QhV
QG AD g
GQ dG J
QG dGh gG
dG dGh G M GQ gdG
VjQ De CG d EG j . G EGh
e L J Gh gGh WCG
h . G g Je EG Lj
GG O G g L jOh J
GG Q dG gCG eG
dG OGGh gG OG E G
h dGh aG e e j
dG OQG G h dG dEG
edGh dG V
h MG
Jh A dG OG E G DG
dG gh .aG G d
e OQCG dG dG LGj dG
d d A dG OG EG OL e J CG C
jDhQ V QGJ j EG aG EG
e dG eEG d J h e
OG E dG dG LJ EG Jh
G d aG eO dG LCG
aG G dG J J h
. dG
2011/2010 d dG aG j J
Jh j J j
e G
GhOCGh dGh e dG FG LEG WCG
.WdG dGh G dGh
DG j dGh dGh G :dG
dG j J e GQ G
A dGh
d G aG O G
G
CG dh dGh G Gh dGh
dG G J J CG g L
.j dG eG J QG
j
jh dGh dG j J : ddG
jQJh G G dG
j Jh gG h jJh ;G dGh
G G a dG QO eh dG
.h dEG dGh JGh e G J
Jh . G eG dG j J :``HG``dG
d WCG d dG h j J EG
G d dG : gh e
d G dGh G dGh
. EG
EG jh . dG dG : eG
jO G j J aGeh QGe aJ
EG dG e e dG a eGe
QG eh h h j J
. a
dG CG dG V dG e M j
ah O e j OQCG dG
JG Gh
h G gCGh
GQGh QG A dG EG EG VGh
G e e d e dG dGh g Gh
e d Jh d gOG EGh d G
h eh eG Vh h . J e e
gG h ; d d dGh
J h G LG d QG dGh
O CGh G dG eG e jdG
JG
d d LddGh
.e dG AGOCG ie
jEG j
eG dG
j EG UG
d dG Uh
WCG
H dG C e
LGj dG
H dG dG
CG OQCG
OGYEG OL e
EG d d AdG
aG
QG j EG
e jhQ
d U Yh
eRdG feEG
202
3-1
dG
OQCG dM
gQhOh LG dG De
OQCG A dG OG EG
gG
CH G
I CG
ad fOQCG
,FHCG j
i G U Hh
dG dG
G UG
dG fCG Y
ad CG
jO G j dG
YLGh
h e ) J CGh dG
G C G
ajh .(1984
Gg J EG iOD j
dG d A G
.(1986 dG eM Gg ) dG
GAGLEG C d M aj
hCG J G dG dG j dG d CGh
h ig) LG F CG J
.(1996
M jLCG dG GQdG F DJh
j CG dG d CG CG VG G g
EG CG e J MGh d J
G d CJh G EG eh i CG
VhCG OJh .G M
CG J dG
e j G JM e A dG
j M d CG jdG MGe
d CG d J
Q
dG LG dG
dG g M QhO A dh .JM
JG dG eCG d h d h gQ
dG OG EGh J a GQhO j
CdG dG JQ d G aG
dG d CG Jh .g MGe
h ieh gOG G LQO
gCG
h Mh gQhO gC
JQ h dG gGeh a dG
. Jj h G e e G G
OQCG j CG dG CG
FdG CG j dG j
CG dG dh .OQCG A dG OG EG
dG Q M d jF
jh ; WG dG dG g hCG :j CG
h j G j G G MG
EG G MG CG e e G JdhD
d eeCG dG MJEGh EG
dG a dG eCG . GL L
203
dhDe A dG OG E gG CG
A G G e J Wh
J e
g C Jh G G
dG G MEG gQhO
h G
dG e d M EG Gh
. d adG
eGG
dG ad OQCG G GJh
dG W J dG e Gh
G gG
h . a
G G
j ad OQCG CG C
dG dG iG h F CG
ad CG dG CG
G G
h h . LGh jO G jdG
e Q G Gg OQCG jh d
dG d CG G A EG e O G
dG O e A dG EG j
a
h dG Q e j Jh
JLMG
dGh jd eGh
dG GQO G WEGh J eh J Jh
.OQCG g e J
A dG OG EG gQhOh LG dG De - OQCG dM
e Qhd G a dGh G
hdG dG dG a Ld Q e CGG
G G OJ dG eh FdG g CG d
CG gQ CG G EG J dG Q aCGh
J gQhO jh L dG e e
e dG
dG dG Q h A CG
M EG dG LG dG ie JQG
dG G jO G VhCG Wh e
Q EG .dG h dG Va
OQCG G dG g G MCG CG EG
V JJ dG dG FGL j e g
dCG g jOh e dG h . CGG
. G EG M e j hM CG EG
dGh G Gh QaCG g e EG
dG A CG C e
dG J VGh
h LG
.Gh j CG dG h LG
Gg V g G O Lh e dG h
C W OQCG CG EG dG
e dG EGh LdGh CG G e QGhOCG eJ
LdG CG G Q J EG dG dG g
e gQhO Q jh G L
dGh dG G G
dG G Jh dGh Gh
.g h dhdG
QhOh dG dG
dG G e OQCG G j
J a ; dG dG a j
dG e dG a dG e j dG
.jOdGh eQCGh dGh dGh
A CGh G A CGh M dGh h dG gh
J G gh . g h G
CG h MG dG WdG a dG AG EG
a dG eJ e OQCG G
VGh dO VCGh J Jh
jdG ge G A d MJCGh J a
e Ggh . JG e G MGh G e QG Gh
CG dG e dG G F J CG
d G dG GQ e e
h G d j G A EGh Q aCG
. G CGdG h QG G GO G dGh
CGh jG e Q G AGQG JG
OQCG dG dG Qh CG dG
A dG aG GQ G CG e CG
2011/2010 d dG aG j J
hDG g CG Q Q G jh ; dG
D j G dG M h
d de jh L CG OGaCG
aj h d dGh d G G ah
Q Gh dG EG OG aCG
. LdGh O QEG
G g dG G g Ojh
Q CG
W hCG OQCG
e Q h MGdG CG GO e
EG CG J e VQJ C j
MWh L e F CG h
i CG L e J Jh JegGh A CG
A CGh A G
G EG aVE
dGh GOdG J h jdhCG j
. dG g Gh
CG OG aCG
dG
jh
dG G E a ;A CG J h
J j d Ea FdG g WG dG
eh dGh dGh e G
j d h d jEG j G
jh j G jh
j dG
j ee G jh a
jh e j FGQG
dG d
e
gDjh a j dG G a G
.aG d
dG dG dG O G EG eCG
a d F d E a
j Gh ddGh dGh dGh dGh
d iOD j
gEGh dGh FG dG
j dG dG G VG EG
dG G g
L dh h O V Q dGh Ghd
dG G VG e g h dGh G
g dG h
D J
. MGe e j eh MG
dG O j
WG dG
dGh
.OQCG G
Q CG h
I CG NGO ke
IMGdG
I dG dGR e
g ICG d fhdG
dGR eh , IF dG
G G O
dG QaCGh
gQYH ICGG EG
e fe CG
LdG
204
OQCG dM
Y dG
e jFdG
CG fG
,YLEG d
HjEG QGhOCG dh
aG M e
dh YG dGh
QGhOCG k jCG
dG e
dG RfGh
jh ,I d
jdG dG
Y I d
LQO Y dG
W d FfG
GHCG dG W
OQCG G
a ah
h Y
CGh dG
CH Y
IOe
205
d j dG dG Djh . h
M W d F G LQO
dG
GAG G jF dG G dG
d Djh .edG d j J OGMh
GdG GQe eG A dG Q
.aG F O MCG J dG
A dG OG EG gQhOh LG dG De - OQCG dM
.F dGh EGh dG
dG dL EG g Q EG e h
dG a .e G h jdG
M jEG hCG j
CJ
M j dG eOEG
a dG Q
dG dG Q h M e jQ dG
GQ Q
G dhD G
DGh dGh dG e e GM
G a .i CG M e
WG dG a dG g Je Gh jdG
WGGh G G OGJ dG G
gL gh
EGh .aQdG G
gh WG dG g e G
Gh WGGh j G h e
WG dG Q G j d G
jdGh . dGh GdGh QG G d CGh
eh G GD gh G G G
LG dG dG dG
O G
CG O ) .dG a hdGh G
.(2007 CG
M j dG G dGh jdG eCGh
Je G dG e dG adG
dGh dG e G O Gh
a dG
aG dG EGh
EG e Gg eCG jdGh WdG
CG e G e gh GdG CG
Qh dG e CG .aG e E
A dG OG EG j dG gG
J a aG
dG d CGh LGh j dG dG
dG dG
F dG j CG
WDe LG A EG Gh Gh
GdG
GQ h j a
d JCj h . LQG G e GdG
dG W eCG j G EG
.d aG G Jh Jh J G EGh
ij ,jdG
g , GG MCG
, G G GY
G G gh
OYG eh
dG dG Y
LG dG
Hh dGh G
dG a
OdGh dG EG
OQCG dG
AdG CG
d kG aMh I
IO N e
jdG ge
NG e QG Gh
GOY G MGh
G eh
YLG dG dG g e
OQCG
LG dG g e e jdG g
OQCG G ejO
J dG
Jh GG Geh Q dG
JQ
e G EG aG EG ddG a e
dG VhCG h .g Jh A dG
OjO G J g G g gCG Ea dG
206
OQCG dM
CG j
EG OGYEG Y
AdG GQOEG j
CG H
Yh fUh
eh ,H G
,jdG M
, dGh ,eCGh
QGh , dGh
,WdG QG dG
UdG a h
207
EG EG dG Qh EG :kd
d h dh JG M j CG
d j CG Qh h i CG j
. d e dG dG e O
JQ h EG A dG j J :k` `` `HGQ
G
dGh G Gh G EG
QhO gCGh G EG LGJ dG
CG jJh j dG Q G A QEG
hD dG dGh G Gh
.G
k
G dG Qh EG :` ` ` e``N
j G d eh OdG d e
gMCG ad gG EG e
.Q dGh dG EG G
OG aCG L h J Qh V :k` ` O```
G Gh LG dGh G WG G
A dG OG EG gQhOh LG dG De - OQCG dM
2011/2010 d dG aG j J
208
4-1
dG
OQCG dM
A dG OG EG DG dG dG
aG
dG fG
G O G
jdG Y k
I G fGL e
dG dW
H AdGh
LG a .UN
e OQCG e
G M
d CG
e , CG
dG dG
dGh dGh
M eh , CG
dG e IAdG
jQdGh dG
209
O e dG j g G Jh
e G JGh e G J
e G e Q h dG dGh dG
d d eG e Gh dGh
44 JG
OQCG aM h . dG d
18
2010 h 2009 e d dhO 133 CG e
hdG hdGh dG QG h GdG
.( 2010
g G GQ dG D e jh
dG G ie gh dG dhdG
g FQ Qh dhO 181 d
dGh LG dGh jO G dG
hO
e 36 OQCG Je ALh dG
.192010 d dG
d e GOCG adG De j
h Gh dG dG QG dG
O a .jO G dG Q
GQO j d a j dG
adG CG WG CG
O dJ
dh . J dG Qe O G J
dG adG dO
OQCG LG J
dG dhO 133 CG e 50 J G e
dhO 139 CG e 65 JG EG 2010/2009
dG O G iG 2011/2010 d
dG
d CGh .(2010 j E
h OQCG eGG jO G
j dG O G C O G QgO G
GQ J
GQO j d A
e h dG Gd h WGG
aJh j eDj dG aG dh
Gh . dG j g Gh dG dG
jdG
G O G VdG
A dGh dG dW G GL e
M e OQCG Je LGJ a .
e CG d CG G
CG dGh dGh dG dG
jQdGh dG dG e AdG M eh
C d V dG G g h j
j G Vhh LGh jO G
gQ A dG OG EG
g CGh
.aG G d eg
JG G DG GC jCG Vjh
Q e eh FGOCG ie dGdGh
dG j .dhdG G D
OQCG G LGJ dG jdG e O
j F J h A dGh e
.eGG j dG dG hO
O G dG
J G O G dG j
d J FQ e
jQh dG jOG GhOCG eG e A dG
j CG .aG
GdG adG
J e CG
QG eG ie F dG LQGh
L
EG ODJ dG dGh GQGh
eO
aj d A G
e O G Jh dG g Q Jh
dG GL
jEG j
. E G
dG A
O G h
G De
e OQCG O G
g Jh . a i CGh FQ
OQCG J i e G D G
O G g Gh dCG G gCG
dh e dG JA h OQCG
.aG
j jO G j d d h
.O G dhdG J ie d DG
JG OQCG MG 2011 J Mh
e 38
e GdG G e dhO 179
e 52 J Q e dhO 16 CG
.172010 dhO 179
aG A dG OG EG DG dG dG - OQCG dM
O G dG Q d OdG j dG h
e dG dG
EG OD j e gh
dGdGh GhG h dG
A dGh
e dG GA MEG FGO WG G
.(2010
a d d j ah
FQ
d Wh . 2010 %13
EG ;e G j e dG
jQd dG M e dG
WdG
dG
WdG e %88.4 CG .%31
. e 39-15 jdG dG j
FQ j OQCG ddG LGJ
L e j dG aG gCG e dG
. aGdG ddG
CG e d dGh dG j
eG Gh O Gh LG dG
jh .A dGh dG h EG
edG G WG G e
.JGQ e jh JjM e jh
WG dGh dG dG EG ODj CG
dG G Q e e Gh
. e e h
OGO G a G dd d h
QG e Gh Q CG A
g
CGh .2007
%17.77
e O
G dJ JQG
G F Q CG a . dG G DG
CG EG 2008/2007 QGG dG
hCG CG gj e dG e %14.1
AGdG aJ QGe EG L
j G e EG aVE J
.(2010 edG GA MEG FGO dG ah
G d J JQG e V h
Q j L EG Q
dG eG OQCG CG
dG d dG JGdGh
E G Gh
jQh dG e G e J
.aG d
j d dG e JQG EG dG h
g h jO G G G V EG
d g h . d a
h OQCG dG O j
CG G eh . dG Q GdG WG
LGJ e e d dGh dG e CG J
e CGh OdG
dG O G dG
j dG e CG .dG jO G
20
21
2011/2010 d dG aG j J
G C G Q Jh dG h dG A h
eG M eh h dEG j g Gh dG
.Q Gh CG e Q G
YLG dG
OQCG O G V dG G
e GO LGj L
LG G
A dGh dG dh
DJ dG jdG
.aG EG
G OQCG O G VdG iOCG a
%14 a dG O j EG
ie h .2008 %13.3 Q e 2009
CG j QjO 3876 dG
CG
dG
.j GQjO 323 Oj e
138.7 e OGaCG 5.7 M C G
292
AGdG a C j QjO
O d j QjO 24.3 CG j O d GQjO
hCG dG OQCG M d eh .MGdG
A d G dC d F EG GgCG e
G e
d h G
e %1.9 dM G dG M
aG dG AG dG O LEG
.2015 d %3.3 g
dG eh OL j J d G h
JhJ a WGG L
dG
CG M aG dG
(%24.2) e J (%31.9) G a
OCG M (21.1) da
J (%8.3) dG a e d
(%11.8) dG aa (%11.2) A Q dG
.(2010 edG GA MEG FGO)
aCG e OQCG j G h
jh .Q G G g dG hO
d dG e G e 145 G e OdG
dG
e CG gh G
JQGh . e e 1000 Q j dG FG
Q eCG F G dG
hdGh dG QG hh G CG 2009
.(2010 hdG
J A dGh dG aG
J EG
dG O G G CGQ j J
dG G CGQ j Jh dG QGOEGh
EG dGh dG h jW
aJh dG j dG OQG G OG EGh aG
LG G CGQ j Jh d
ddGh dG
CG e
dG
YLG
Gh O Gh
fEG eGH
dG h
jh .AdGh
e H d
WG fG Y
edG I G
210
2005
2000
ICGG Q (%) G
27.4
10.0
4.4
G G CG
14.3
10.5
3.4
GQG dG
17.2
9.8
3.8
e dG dG
6.2
2.8
1.2
dG e A dG EG
22.7
22.5
19.2
G dG
21.0
15.0
10.0
ddG dG
OQCG dM
2010
g dGR e
I j
IGh G
G H
fe j h
I G ICGG
fCGh dG
jO G
211
1-4-1 h G
hdG hdGh dG QG hh G CG :Q G
A dG dG eG dG dG aJ
gOG EG LCG e dG dGh Q dG e
.aG Q d
ah e J OQCG M
F h e G hO WCG
dM 39 e G G a .gaQh
dM 28 EG 1990 M Ode dCG d
dG h 2009 M Ode dCG d
O L EG OQCG j d e
WCG ah e Mh e
Ode dCG d ah 2.5 QG e i
G EG eCG .2015 d dCG g d M
g dG V G Jh G
e j d OQCG E a G
dG QG hh G CG dG Gg
.(2010 hdG hdGh
G G eCG ah h
M O d e dCG Fe d dM 48 e
Ea h .2009 dM 19 EG 1990
Qh 2015 dCG g OQCG
V G e G G EG j
JG dG AdG JQG . J dG
W ae h gDe W G EG
j
%99 e EG 1990 %87 e
e %84 CG EG Q EG Q h .2009
d CG hCG GQ j j GdG
e %81 CGh OdG dG j dG
eMh j G M G A CG j
Q e Lh G CG ddG
EG 1990 %10.6 e G dG
.( dG LG 2009 %8.5
dG jO e LG j Gh
dG e dGh WdG Gh dGh
Gg eh . dG CG J
LMG J
D VdG
.aG Ldh jh A dGh dG
G A dG Q d eCG
dG a jO G CGh dG
Gh G
j
g
d jh . CG G e j Jh G
J dG dG V G
CG G e V Gh G dG
G e AdG dG
OJ Ca 15 gQ CG j J jdG
Q e jd d dG e JQGh (%16.1
24-15 E G
d dG Q d
e EG d dGh %45.9 OJ
a O Lhh (%50.8 jQd dG M
OQGG EG dGh GhG G
G e EG d h h dGh
CG C e jdG g e EG .QG dG
edG G CG d GdG Q G J
Jh aG gOG EG hO h
.eO dG LCG OG EG ge
CG G Q e CG h G e M jh
V dG e edG G e jdG
EGh e J d Ld Q e
.A dG
22
CGh dG dG
jQ gCG dG
j
h dC d F EG G gCG d
.aG EG ddG e A dGh dG
e G FdG G dG dG jh
G G M e dh dG j d
j dG CG e
OQCG CG h . GhG
dG d CG dG
dG dG e
WG jh Jh
eeCG GQO eh eCG dG e aJh
WCG ah e d dGh
gG J .eCG A Gh
G G Ve ae
h Oe CG CG dG ( jEG
Jh d Le j J eG
gG Jh e j dGh d G
O G g JCJh . QG dGh
aG A dG OG EG DG dG dG - OQCG dM
2-4-1
2009-2005
h G
G dG
G
2009
2008
2007
2006
2005
29.1
28
29.1
29.1
29
2.2
2.2
2.2
2.3
2.5
3.8
3.6
3.6
3.7
3.7
dG G e
71.6
71.6
71.7
70.6
70.6
Q / OdG G dG
74.4
74.4
74.4
72.4
72.4
EG / OdG G dG
23
19
19
22
22
19.2
19.2
30
41.0
40.3
24.5
24.9
26.7
24.5
23.5
7.3
8.7
8.5
8.2
7.6
39.0
33.2
33.6
33
29.4
dG e dCG d G dGG e
(%) dG dG
d EGh d dG e JQGt
Wh JG G h jO G
Q e e V Gh d e
Q CG JQGh dG CG G
dJh dGh AGd CG dG
. dG
jOG dG QhV t
Gh Qe aG eh CG e
Q G
h dG dG
.Q dG
EG dG V G t
Q e h G dG
jd d dG e JQGh dG
a O Lhh Q d Q e
e EG CGG h G
dG h dG Q h QG dG
.a dGh OQGG EG
2011/2010 d dG aG j J
d A WCG e
Oa G d CG A WCG e
d ( e Q e V e
Oa CG
2010
j J a GQO DJ h
d OQCG dC d jdG G gCG
e j dG d g G e E a 2010
J CG C e dG FdG jdG
hO h aG A dG Q e
CG eh . EG dG GgCG
:jdG g
hdG hdGh dG QG h :Q G
h a Q G d M OL Jh
( jEG j dG G
OQCG M h . A dGh 2015
h dG G g ae
G EG
hCG e j dG hCG dG AG
J
e d h EG e G
j dG G Wh e
e %70 CG F dG GAG LEG
. OQCG
e G G
jE G jhOCG dhdG Jh
dG QG hh G CG
.(2010 hdG hdGh
Q Gh jQ G ae eCG
e d j OQCG Ea FdG QdG
i CG G D e gh . V G j g
dG GdG M 2-4-1 h G Vj
(2009 2005) G C d OQC G
OG dG j d d h
JQG M dG eCd dG
%86.5 EG 2006 %77.8 e eDG
dG JQG 2009
WC d %98 EG d
Ea d eh .dG e hCG dG
OQCG e eC J Lj
( 2010 hdG hdGh dG QG h
dg GR e
e jdG
FdG jdG
fC e dG
Qe CG
AdG
h aG
GgCG hO
f fEG dG
212
( 2010
hdG
OQCG M a dG jM h
. 2010 dhO 178 CG e 120 JG
EG j dG WG dG eCG
G dG g a Qh
e G AGOCGh G j Gh jOdGh
a dG a dGh dG Q Gh
dhO 167 CG e 117 JG OQCG MG
Economist Intelligence Unit) e
JJ OdG Qe De h .( 2010
. 2010 dhO 178 CG e 50 OQCG
OQCG dM
23
dG j
dG
WG dG
dG Gh
CG G e
aG G
LfEGh h
,AdG OGYEGh
eg h
dG GME
edG e
24
AdG OGYEGh j G
e E GdG dG OdG j G J
hCG dG iG AG aG
J dG
EGh dGh CG dG jM
.OQCG M Gh LG G
e O e j G h J G jh
a G
D G j dG
G d FdG G gh
E
OQCG
EGh j G CGW dG
EG G e dG dG dG EG aVEG
G dG e %0.34 hj
gCG e dG
LEG
.d ae G e j Jh
hO aG EG dG h
e G Gh dG dG OL a J
JdhD d G G De
jQhV J dG LG
VG G j ah .A dG OG EG J
.OQCG j G Gd
25
Gh j
dG j G
IQ H OQCG
Qe Y
WGG
QG dG U Y
d h , Gh
WG fG Y
dG I` G
213
dG j G
dG j G Gh j
WGG Q e
Q OQCG
d h JGh QG dG
jh . dG G WG G
WG dG M G F d
dG G M OQCG
e Q WEG j W e CG O aCG
CG GhOaCG e h %4 hCG
e %1 e CG G MC e
gh .(2009 JG EG GQ dG
EG dG J dG CG e
V G Jh QG G Qh Vt
g dG WCG ah dG
. M Ode dCG d ah 0.55 dM
O Lhh jEG V
dG V t
e d aVEG QOG h OQGe EG LM
aVE d O Gh LG CG
.V d G J EG
LQ G Q dG LG Jt
G LCG Q G LGJh
2009 d G dG EG
dG jdG gCG e Ea G CGht
jOh d G MG OQCG LGJ
j dG G dGh dG OQG G
Mh FG EG e h G G
.2008 dG dG e CGh GdG
dG Gh dG dG
WG dG dG dG j
G CG G Je dG Gh
A dG OG EGh L EGh Jh aG
e dG G ME e g h
j CG hO d j CG h . e dG
EGh FGQCG
dG e a dG
O Lh M G MGh JG CG
h ah eh e
. e F
OdG dG G O e Q EG
j e M EG OD J
d eG d G j CG a G
j GO G
jh JMWh
Q G a . G j eh
CG e 111 JG OQCG MG dG
108 J G e 2009 dhO 130
Gg jh .2008 dhO 130 CG e
eh e G Gh Q G G
e G Q EG aVE dG Gh
G MGh da Jh
dG D d dh dGh WG G
a LGh jO G dG
O CG e
OQCG JJ h
dhO 212 CG e G D FdG
141 h dA d 155 g Q e eh
h e G dd 74 h dG QG d
h dG Od 75 h dG d 80
hdGh dG QG h OdG a 71
aG A dG OG EG DG dG dG - OQCG dM
G FGhdG J Gg G
VGh CG
a FGhO EG
O M e dG Gh G G J
dG dGh aG G MGh dG
G dG d J Ge EG aVEG
dG G G dG G J e j dG eC
j CG e
dG g J
d G d h d d G
dG Cj M j dG EG hd
.j J j d e dG J d
EG
EG Q Gh Q J e dG h
h dEG dG Cj dG CG
dG F h
h
dG hG
dG J e dG h .i CG
OGG e GO J Ea G
M Q
e WGG dG
dhdG jG ah dGh G
e CG G Q e M dG h M
G G O e
CG JdG d
Gj h G FGL
dG
DJ dG FG h G CG
e e G Q CG . dG OGQEG
d
e gJ G MCG L
. Oh G MCG j
WG d G YfGh hQG
adG MCG e OQCG e
dG Me CG M 1989 G
Gh GQ J CG
. WG dG
F dG QG
J adG MCG Me
e MEG EG OCGh WG G g CG
Q EG h . dG G Q G
GQ dG i MEG d J e EG
a j G e %69 CG e 2010
d CG gO e G O G e
d eCGh e j
d GVJh jdG M
hCG e G gO eh eCG
%1.1 VQe CG Q e
GQ dG e) G e
MEG CG d Djh .(2010 G G
CGh gdG Q d
d Q G
dG e WG dG dG
2011/2010 d dG aG j J
ddG Q G
F ae
dhGJh e G EG
G WG d
. jh j e G MGh d Gh
: dG dG
J h
ff dGh jdG dG
e a G C j dG J
EG d dG e A dG jQh V
CG Jh a G
gh .JGQ h JjM J
dG d dG G dG e
dGh EG J OG e J OQCG
LG CGQ
h . dG
J dG 2004 d 7 Q edG
OQG dG j d j d eMCG
OQCG dG dG dhdG JG
dG dG G g j M
j G e jh G MCGh dGh
WdG G Q h .edG
d e d GdG QG h aQ EG
d dG G MCG e J
e Gh G eh Le
2009
Q VQ eh eCGh
.(2010 EG
WdG G
GdG e GO G MCG Vhh
e Gh dG G Q J eCG
500
EG DG O aQ G G
G MCG Qh a e
QG h OLh e dG
GdG QG
G MCG O J h . dG d
G MCG M 15 EG 34 e
.(2007 dG
dG DG G G CG gh
dG G CG
jLCG
JLCG dG GQG G e dG a .2010
G MCG e dG ddG e e G
ja GO h e Deh
WG O G
aGdG
h dG QG E O G e G CG EG
d e dG AGQGh M C J
dG MGdG d j e
G A
e G CG
dG d G e dG
CG
i CG
dG Gh
G eh .(2010 D G G
e Y
g
dG fG dG
dG I d
OQCG
UEG OGe
dG dGh
H
dG , QG
IF f
MCG Me
gPCG , adG
OCGh WGG
Y eMEG EG
I G QG
dG
214
GQG dG G
j dG G
Jh a e G DGh
d J Q aG F dGh e G
. dG e e edG
eYEG j G Gh
OQCG dM
dG Y
WG dG
EG G M
CH WGG
dG QG
G e A L
Y OQCG U
dhO fCG
j d ah IM
dG j G
Y QO dG 2011
h`ja ` e
H e h`g
I G hdG
GYCG F L
2009/2008
215
VG dG G CG
OQCG
a e EG j G LGJ
dhO 178 CG e 120 J G MG
Ge dG j dG
dhO CG
OQCG .27OhM
dG j G j d ah M
hja e
QO dG 2011
G hdG V J e hg
.282009/2008 G CG F L
GdG G
eCG
j G d M j J EG O G a
CG dG 2009 OQCG e EG
a . e EG j G G D e LG J
j G dM G e a %2 h
dG g LGJh C e EG
2008
%4.8 de
CG e C %19.9 h M
jMh jM e) 2008 %9.3
.(2009 dG
h dG ih dG jG J gh
dG jMh jM e g Qh
Gh dGh dGh G
dG d VJ dG
AG Gh dG e G
MhG Jh
O h h . jdGh dGh G
250 EG ih dG
.2009
dG G dGh j dG Q G
e e 2009 jgL GJ J
M
EG jM J dG CG
CG h j jdG dG
.%34
EG
G J j dG
G dG dhdG eCG Q Jh
G j j d G J CG
G CGh dG dGh
. dG
EG F h e G J jh
.j G d G CG e
e EG j G jQ J J dh
2009
Mh 2004
e OQCG
QG C WGG EG G M
e G CGh V G e A L dG
jdG WEG e dG
G
L dG e dG dG e
d Q G g EG G M
e dG h . dGh G d
Q dG eCG F
J dG dG J
e e j dG dG
jdG 26G j OQCG CG EG a G
CG G e dG G Gh G dG e
.j g G Q G J gJ
e EG G M G VG
G EG
G d dG
GM G Lj EG j dG Gh
h e G EG
CG eC G e j J
L dG e CG EG
L Jh L EGh aG
. G dG
Lh G g i VG h
J
FQ Q j CG CG
J eEG V e a dG eG dG
EG Gh dGh d G
. dGh G
EG UdG M f
e G
WGh aG Q G M EG
d G F dG iMEG g e G
OQCG Q h .aG EG
hCG gh e G EG dG M V
dG
dh dG dG e
G EG QG EG G
Qhe e
e G aJ deCG dG j
O G O dG Gg h . WG d
WdG d OdG j dG EG
QG G
dG 2009 EG
MEG e dGh WGG i
gjh J e G D Gh GQG dG
h . dG Q d EG G e
aG A dG OG EG DG dG dG - OQCG dM
F h L G
CG g
EG
EG
VhCG .%7.7
F dG gCG e dG CG
EG CG
G G h OQC d e EG
. WGG e %42.3
h
EG
j G Ve h
GG
dG e aG
OQCG
G dG h dEG
CG dG AG E M Me WG d MJCGh
h L EGh aG Q Gh
h .g j dG dG
e
ie M DhdG GG g Q CG
. a G d WG G j g L
dG G GQO EG O a
j e M jGe e gGLCG
OQCG h dEG GG
WGG
J dG g e a %5 CG J
%95 CG h G hCG G e hCG a
Jh Qe A CG
O J e
. jdGh dG Le
Q h EG d h
gh F dGh G G g CG
d E a G
A O d dG
dG CG e j e EG G CG EG
JG LC CG LQh dGh
GG g EG dG G
dG Q
CGh dG G Qe
gh e G Q CGh
e
e ie EG a dG
e g j dG dG
. Q EG h dEG GG
AG LCG g G e G CG h j h
CG 30FGL
j e QG E
EG iOCG dG 2010 d D G e G
h dEG GG h LGG J
V dG G dG
dG Gg
CG h . G a d
gGh e MCG dG
FG G j d J dG e dG
eCG dG j G dGh
e G jJ dG dG
J J
dG e 13 OG EG aVEG ah
dG JG
G W d J dG
a G LCGh h dEG Ge jJ
. dG G e e aGe hO
QG e dG G g QG EG eG J h
2011/2010 d dG aG j J
G e G J GjG J Ld
jM e dG
EG F h
. EG d G O FGdG
J
j G G CG h
F h jM
DJ dG G
%91 EG 2009 h h .
EG
(2009
dG jMh jM e
jG e JG e G EG dG h
jM O jEG G 2010
G j e e
EG
G j dG Mh dGh
J CG
e dG A dG eCG
FG G d G g jG dG
LQ Gh GdG dhdG eCG GdG
e G EG dG G
FG
EG F h iMEG G JQG
jdG . G hCG GhCG
J dG G L
MG
WGe CG hCG JQG AG FG G
. G
jQhV L G dG a d e h
G dG O
j J AG LE
dGh g
dG j dGh
CG dG jM j dG j d
. dGh
L G dGR e
AGLE jQh
OH Y j
fG dG H
jdGh
j d dG
dG
CGdG jM Yj
dGh
aG h YEGh f fEG
Q eh M a
EG
dG OQCG
CG EG dG Gg Q EG Q h .aG
e j OQCG e 1000
e 200
d e
a dG
EG
EG aVEG g h e G
G
29
gj Jh e G g EG gQhO
G d FdG G g
Ea
EG F hh j G
CG W dG
LG GdG G e
e AG
jh j d
e WGG CG dG
h dEG G G
e hCG a G
e eh e 100 OG dG
LG G M e eh EG
.OQCG h
EG Q EG O dG G g a h
J dG jdG GQdG F
CG CGh 2010/2009 d EG
G g f fEG
G d FdG
Y CGW dG
F hh j G
OQCG YEG
216
OQCG dM
G G EG
O G d
dG j dh
eCG Y j
feEG
FG h dG
ddG e d
aG
EG
dG h
eG G jdG
217
ja J
M
dG WCG d
Wh
J dG j dG LG e EGh
e EG j Gh dG G
.OQCG
dG Gg V e
e M j
jdG e e J M OQCG CG
j d G J h G e
Ve aeh WCGh eC d dG
.( jEG G G
ae dG e dG
h
A dG h d dGh dG
G CG dg dG e G dG
d eCG . G G g
j
hGJ dG a OG d C j d
dG e dG
e
O G G h . dGh G
EG dG J e dG
e LGJ CG G CG
CG dG dG jO G e CG
Gh e O G AGOCG
JQG
h OQCG WG G e
G gh . G dG Q CG VGh
j dh O G d G G
eEG eCG
j dG
ddG e d F G h dG J
j dG dG h aG EG
.eGG
e 50 e G J JG
GQ CG hj CG h dEG
GOQ d h dG dG e
GG J JG dG j dG GAGLEG
e G CG FGL V h dEG
.QG dG Gg G De e G LGJ h
h d dG e G CGh
.aG h E h jCG gQ
OQCG hG EG dG h
EG aVE dG g
CG j M e d gQ aG
h jh .e A dG WGG
jh d FOdG d G g G
dG G dG EG OQCG
GQO hG e Gh L J
. e Lh V
hG
j AhdG Ggh
GQO VhCG M G
jCG
JG G dG JLCG ( Q e
e a %4 CG GQ dGh C d
h .31 hG hQh j
EG e e
e C OQCG jhdG d G h
. dG Q J aGj
a Q
gO Gh AdG e hG Q M J
. dG A Qe A CG
O dG G g dEG Q EG Q h
jdG
CG hG e G LGJ
a dG J JG dG GAG LEG e
h dEG a dGh dGh
aG A dG OG EG DG dG dG - OQCG dM
2011/2010 d dG aG j J
218
5-1
dG
aG EG d d A dG j gL
GG GQdG F :OQCG
h h QG dG eh jGh AG G
.OQCG G a d dG
OQCG dM
e d G FGdG dG
G g j
Y Y dG
j g eh
OQCG AdG
EG N d
aG
GQO N e
Ff h
Gh GQNG
fGG
hO G edG d ah
dG G GQ dG dG d G
dG e G ( dG j dG e eG
FG
d dG FG dG
G CG jdG dG dG
d
QG e ( Q dG e e MCG
: j dG OhM h . dG
G d ah dG .OQCG dGh dG QG h e Gh
J Jh e dG OG CG VJ gh
276
Gh . dG dG
4 h ( hCG aO eM Qe
Je e
OCG
J
dG dG dWh dW 29319 h ( e
. OQCG
dG GQdG Gh
GQ d
G d J G edG G e h d G
W
e VG C GQdG G
. dG QGe dG dG
j CG G GQ dG eD G eh
GQdGh G g J dG
.OQCG e i CG jdGh j G WG
G FG dG dG Gh
.adGh Gh e G QGG W
dG G
dG dG L
.OQCG OLG
edG Y Uh
dG Qe 29 dG G
dG e dG O h 32 OQCG
dW 855 EG e dWh dW 1742
219
eh V
dG G g j
EG d OQCG A dG j g
GQ G F h GQO
e aG
OG EG jLCG dG GG Gh
A dG e
OQCG dM GQd
dG O G dG G CG
dGh GQ G eG i e a
aG EG d dG e dG
G dG
dG EG aVEG
jdG dG g Gh . a FGQGh
j e dG dG
C ( 18-17)
G dG (hO a 18 dG) A dG
h 2011/2010 d dG aG j J
j .OQCG dG e %46
AGQG G dG G F EG dG
G G Q jdG e dG Qe
FGQGh Jg G
d GQ Gh
h e d a G dG dG
e Geh j dG FG dGh QG
OG EG J dG VGh j dG
Vj .aG Q d A dG
QG dG CGh jG e AGQG dG
. VG g M OQCG
fGG GQdG Y
GQ d e dG G e
j dG dG G j d G G
AGQG
WG EG J dG ( dG
dG a Qeh e dG
e dG hCG dG
:G e a
dG FGQGh h JGQe a
Jh ;j G dG gh dM e dG
eh e dG AD g Qe
dG dG
GQd d h e dG QG e
G dGh e dG ie M FGQG
d dG dG Jh ; dG VhCGh
d dG id dG GQG e CG OLh
.25 e LQO 12.5 g
G dLEG aG GQG h
e
a GQe QCG e
VhG OCG G d h LQO 100 h
aG GQ G O Lh
d d
GQG CG h .100 CG e LQO 50 g
J LGh GLdG
a e d a GQe
e
. LQO 75 h
e
e
d d VhG OCG G d h
LG hCG GLdG GQG OLh
.LQO 75 e LQO 37.5 g
. dG dG dW 887 h
e dG GG G LCG h
.2010 CG / hCG j J 7 EG
QG Y
e dG Qe e FG
QG e eh dG Gh G j dG
L J dG G e e
103 dG M h . dG dG
. QGh QG e
eh AG G e Y
AGQG
QG dG
Y FdG
edG
aG GQG
h L
aG GQG
2010
g G dG aG GQ G J
e G
dG GQ e EG j dG
G Mh dG GdGh eh
V j ah . dG G Gh
:e dG id GQG J F gC
ie V 1-5-1 h G e M j
M aG GQG e dG
e dG dG jG j G G
OCG G e CG gh (34.06) LQdG
( LQO 50) aG GQG
e G
M M .LQO 15.94 QG
(LQO 100) FdG LQ dG
dW CG
. LQO 73
CG G J
Q dG
j EG CG FdG VJ
ie j dh F MEG dO
L dg h .V EG
G G e Cj dG GOe
e %50 iJ dG (12.02) QG
. LEG G G
GQ d dG F dG J
dj / 21 j Qh
F CGh AG G e g M
jh GOa 35 gO Q j dG h
a eh J EG
G eh Gh edG dG
M JLJh FGQG A d h G
gCJh A dG OG EG J dG j dG gCG
j h aG ddG Q d
G Gg J CG h j dG GdG
.33 d dG dG G Gh
fGG GQdG Ff
GQG
e dG id GQG Vh A G
eG ie d CG Q G jW
G L dGh a G GQ G e
e dG LQO MGh . LGh
d LQO 25 CG
dG GQ d
= LQO
CGh 0 = LQO CG) a Qe
d d VhG OCG G d h .(25
1-5-1 h G
H F MEG hdG
37
fEGh Q dG
EG d d
LQO YCG
72.94
2011/2010 d dG aG j J
LQO UCG
1.19
100 EG 0 e dG LQdG hG
GfG
35
QG GfG
36
QG
fEG
Q P
12.02
3.28
3.59
34
LEG
34.06
H G G
(LQO)
fEG
36.96
Q P
31.49
220
2-5-1
h G
e
T D|G G4G r)kI
25 (G 0 e dG /4dG vKG-
hdG
H F MEG
fEGh Q dG
LQO YCG
LQO UCG
QG GfG
GfG
QG
H G G
fEG
Q P
LEG
fEG
Q P
20.24
3.59
3.28
3.59
10
10.95
9.16
EG d d
25
6.34
6.91
5.21
5.38
7.18
3.7
dG
e G
dG GdG
a Lj
22.22
4.01
3.97
4.03
6.56
6.63
6.51
G M
a Lj
21.72
3.89
3.69
4.05
12.10
12.18
12.11
dG G G
OQCG dM
EG d d
ddG
FeR Y
q dG
aG GQG
G G M 1-5-1 dG Vj
j dG dG LQO 12.1 QG d
h M dG GdG Qe
7.12 QG
OCG G j G
e dG
e j e Mh .LQO
GQG L h . QG g dG LQO
M ( LQO e dG M
25) FdG LQdG
dW CG j
. dG GdG G a Qe CG (LQO
. QG g dG dG J gh
(6.34) QG G G J CG e gh
J . G G ij dG
CG EG G j Q dG CG FdG
F MEG a Lj eE a ; Q e
( dG G Gh G M JQe
d j e dG CG EG aG
CG e j M aG GQG
h .(LQO 12.5) G OCG G e
e Qe G G Q e
ha O Lh hQG aG GQG
OLh Dj dG CG CG F MEG dGO
CG GQG eG je a hJ
hj d d j e dG AGOCG CG
Qe VCG da LQ dG
M Q e AGOCG j dG GdG
e G
dG Q e G
Q e AGOCG aCGh . eh
. dG G G
dG G G Q e J h
G OCG G e j dG
1-5-1
dG
25 e dG LQO
22.5
20
17.5
15
G fOCG G
12.5
12.1
10
7.5
10
5.38
2.5
6.56
dG Qe
eh e G
221
dG GdG Qe
G M Qe
G G Qe
dG
2-5-1 dG
aG GQG
LddG G dG
G M
dG GdG
e G e
%0
e %25 hO
M gL
(LQdG LEG
G %25
M jG dG
(LQdG e %50
%75 G %50
M QW
(LQdG e
e CG hG %75
M gL
(LQdG
%20
%60
%80
%100
e
e G
UGdG
HdG
M
G
G G
LddG
GQG
aG
16.6
65.3
56.1
7.6
23.9
58.3
19.5
36.5
42.8
65.9
24.5
9.7
7.2
46.2
10.2
0.6
5.5
0.2
3.4
GQG M edG Ff e
aG
dG dG G EG e dG
FdG DJ OQCG dG dG M
GQ G L e dG AGOC dG
dG dG h O L CG
aG
aG G d A dG J
Dj a .dG G EG ie EG J
V e OQCG dG dG
e
CG e h G ie dG CG e
L EGh Jh aG QGOE h
G gCGh dG CG e dG
Qh V
V J d e dG
aG GQG eG e e dG
Jh e G G J eh
GdGh G Mh eh
. d CG
M Q e G AGOC d d a
Q j W JQG JJ dG G
Jh e G L
dG dG M G Ea d CGh
Gh EG JQG Jg LJ
Q
jQJh OG eh e
Q G GQdG dGh gG e
2011/2010 d dG aG j J
%40
dG JQe EG J hCG
dG Gg dh .( dG GdGh e G
EG dG ie e E G G j
.GQG J dG ie
e %23.9 CG 2-5-1 dG e M jh
j dG OCG G e dG
ie
a G Q d
%65.9 G eh . aG GQG
Lj h .aG G j dG jG
%10.2 i dG e
CG dG
ie eCG . j g G Q W e dG e
OG aCG e MCG dEG j a j g G
. GQdG
QCG aG GQG F EG d h
Qeh dG G G Qe Vh CG M j
aCG GJ eh e G L
G dGh G M JQ e Vh e
J CG JQG Jd d a dG
hCG dG j %84.8 CG M j
%92.6 h dG GdG Qe dG e
. G M Qe G j
a j jdG e dG O h
Oj e CG dW 41 GQG j g G
dW CG j dG OGaCG e %2.4
.GQG L GdG i d
e %23.9
edG
G
j dG fOCG
Q d
Y aG
GQG i e
aG
Y Nj e
H dG dG
eY OQCG
Y e
ie dG CGe
CGe Yh I G
IQGOE h
h aG
LfEGh
222
CdG
dG
d G
G
d
GM J
h QG d
d G
G
FG
OG
J
G
dGh
G JG
dG a
dG e
e e
dG
dG
aGO
j
Q
iGQ Vh
hCG dG
a
Wd
dG G
GQ
d
G
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
dG/
223
MdG LG g QG da .OQCG
F Gh e G Q e gh d d
j
dG j dG gGh
QG G Q G G e O G
dG EGh e G
dG jh
h . dG dD e L GQ
d e Q G G J eCG j j
dhG Jh G G CG QG
g Jh . e dG
OQG dG e d dG G
dGh C d M Vhh dG
QhO jh . a G jQ dGh
CG LCGh e G M
d dG
dG eG L Gh jQ dGh
.e CGh d dG gG Q
CG
dG e dG G Q CG
Jh dG d CG
J
dG dGh G M W JG
J Q G CG d . G EGh
dG e dG dG dG
dEG Q CG e G gh .e G L Gh
j dG OQGG d WdG G GQO
jQJ d CGh G Q CG e
JG G
dG j G e
eh QG Gh G M e jQdG
edG) i CG GQO jCG dEG Q CG
G e
a %20 CG e (2008
dGh G M CG e j
3-5-1 dG
dG
QG q CG
OLh dG Qh
fGL
dG IQe
dGh YGHEG
Mh QG dG P Gh
id G
edG
OQCG dM
QG dG
MdG LG g
gh ,d d
e G Q e
gGh F Gh
dG j dG
j , H
Gf e IO G
G QfG
Q G
dG dG Qh
GL O Lh Q G VhCG a .2010
dGh G EG dG Qe V
e dG id G Mh QG dG JGh
h dG j EG d Gh h
QG gG Vh j g G a dG
.j dG dG O h
j dG dG GdG Qe eCG
MCGh AGQGh QaCG
Q d
j G Ea j G EG
aJh j dG h dG gCG j eG
dGh Jh e G
C Jh Q G g J J . e
h . G Mh e G L JQ
dG G g e dG F J j
QG dG dG Ve Q
d d j G J O j
Veh j e j e Q G
d Q e Mh e Lj
.aG EG ddG
J e F dG e eCG
a aG GQG Q dG
E d
G h J dhdG GQdG F e
Q dG
EG J gQh CG M
EG F CG . VjdGh dG
( L dG e dG j dG eG
.Q dG F e aCG Gdh
GQ G F d d G d h
dG QG h j
dG O G V
GQdG M G e O j dGh
h L GQ dG g C
G GQe eG EG J G
.aG e
fGLdG GQG
g G dG GLdG GQG J
aGdGh GdG j J GQe EG j dG
. d dGh d
e dG
eG LQO h
FdG CG GLdG GQ d
e CG ie j e dG ie CG
G e dG LQO J M G
LQO 6 (LQO 37.5) G OCG
QG G G J . a
iG G Gh e dG
EG J dG CGh . G
dh F MEG dO G J Q dG
dW hCG d W CG M e
GLdG GQG J FdG LQdG
.
dG F dG EG L d h
V e g G L dG GQ d
G
a M
4-5-1 h
G
dG aGO j Qh GdG ae JQe
V V G G g Q j M dG
O h .i CG dG dG Qh
E a Q G Q G dG
d dG
.QWEG Gg ah Q
J j dG Jh
d Gh G QhO LGJ d EG j
dG G G
EG G
GdG dG J dGh
EG e
d G G e d M eh dG
.
dG JQG J h
dG G G Q e e dG Fd
i CG
dG aG GQ G e Q e
dG ad OQCG d dG O
. dG Jh dG G CG
e d Qe h e Vh a
G dG dG jdh dG dG
GQe a d dG j CG M
dG GQG h G G G
M G
a h G
hCG dG e OG g jQJh QGG
M G e eJ OdG dG jd
d QGG e%85 Q iLh .i CG
G G
G jQJ h GdG
O Gh dG VG C d G
Qh INTEL h ICDL e jQdG eGdG e
. d de h eGdG g LG
G e OQCG e dG g EG
e G D e
e
e d G dG CG . JGh
EG g eh G G d h
d EG j .eG j G a M
M d dG JGdG G G dG
CG h .dG O G O h
a O jEG e M EG dG eGdG
edGh eG G e LdJ
e A dG h dG
Gj e
O G g
dh G
f dG
a OjEG
Ld
eG G e
e edGh
dG Y Gj
e AdG h
EG ddG
aG
CG FdG CG
edG i e
fGLdG GQG
G LQO j
3-5-1 h G
H F MEG hdG
fEGh Q dG
LQO YCG
fEG d d
69.94
2011/2010 d dG aG j J
75 (G 0 e dG /4dG vKGGfG
QG GfG
QG
LQO UCG
11.45
H G G
fEG
Q P
LEG
fEG
Q P
9.73
12.52
43.17
44.87
41.68
224
4-5-1
h G
e
T IG/dG G4G r)kI
25 (G 0 e dG /4dG vKG-
OQCG dM
hdG
F MEG
Q dG H
fEGh
d d
EG
a Lj
d d
EG
LQO YCG
LQO UCG
GfG
QG
QG GfG
H G G
fEG
Q P
LEG
fEG
Q P
25
2.68
2.93
2.49
3.27
20.71
20.94
20.50
GdG ae
25
2.08
3.05
2.95
3.12
19.24
19.22
19.29
dG aGO j Q
25
4.03
4.31
3.61
5.03
5.72
4.37
d dG
edG
j Qe
aGdGh G dG
Y Y d
dG IQe
d
J CG e gh .FdG LQdG
e
e
J dG Q G G G
Q G h . G G
dO G a Q dGh EG
. QG J EG d d F MEG
%5 CG 5-5-1 dG
e M j
GQ G e dG e a
dG OCG G GLdG
Lj .aG EG ddG e
dG e CG dG
. eCG G d e
j g G e %4.7
a %80 gh dG ddG eCG
dG Qe M eh .j g G QW
e dG ddG CG M j d
G dG e hCG j gL
eEG e dG
e dG d eCG . jG dG
e d dG Qeh L e
JQe e dG a .i CG L
d jh . d aGdGh GdG ae
V Gh JQ G e JQG e
Jh . d Q G G G
GdG j J Qe Q dG
EG
. d aGdG Qe jhj
d dG Q d eCG
WEG
GQ G VCG e a
GLdGh aG GQ G ie
Q e e M LGh
. a LQO 5 d dG
J e dG V e dG
h
dG M G e E a QG
e
M a ;e dG LQO
h G L e LQO
4-5-1
dG
25
e dG LQO
20
17.5
20.71
15
12.5
19.24
G fOCG G
10
7.5
5
2.5
5.03
GdG j J Qe
225
d aGdG Qe
d dG Qe
5-5-1 dG
GLdG GQG
d
dG
d aGdG j Q
gj Jh GdG ae
%0
%25 hO
M gL
(LQdG LEG e
CGh %25
M jG dG
(LQdG %50 e
e CGh %50
M QW
(LQdG e %75
e CG hCG %75
M gL
(LQdG
%20
%60
%80
%100
G dG ae
gj h
aGdG jYQ
d
dG
d
GQG
fGLdG
0.7
0.4
70.7
1.3
2.8
23.2
10.3
21.8
38.3
5.8
80
76.2
58.5
0.3
4.7
GC e MG dG jh G G G
Q e dG h e gG
GdG aa . dG FdG MG
dG e A dG id GQ j gj Jh
d h LdG G g j eh .dG
e jh . GQ dG M G j EG
dG g J CG OQCG CG
O dGh
d LJh
g h j ada ; jEG J
e
jh
CG M G
gG d Qh dG eh dG
C J
dGh JLM
j MG g h . aG eEG
adG EG QG
J CG
gOL a CG
.OG EGh dG e jW G
d aGdG j Q Q d h
EG jCG LJ a G FdG Ea
j jdG MG g A dG CG
hjh QG e dG CG
A Oj dG edG j dG e
GQ dG Q G e
aGda . dG e Gh
G J hCG J d dG dG
LQO
Gh dG d
2011/2010 d dG aG j J
%40
j Qh g j Jh G dG ae JQ e
e dG ddG Ea d aGdG
a dG e CG dG EG h
. d h gL hCG j g G QW eEG
GQG M edG Ff e
fGLdG
G L dG GQ G C J
dG g Gh MCGh G
gh . E d GdG d G
J
G Gh eGdG e L J
E G LQ Gh G dG
dG LG h dGh j Jh
. G dGh
F dG dG JQG EG
Qe
e dG j gL G
EG O j g j Jh G dG a e
Gg Q d jdG MG W
. 18 h 17
hG J dG G
JGh a
Q
CG G CG a
FdG F
WMEGh GQOEG CGh
JegG CG .a G G
h . e MVh CG deh
hOGO jh JGh
J EG a
I G FdG EG
aGO GQ
L dG
AdG CG EG jCG
MG g
Y j jdG
e dG YCG
h jh QG
jfdG e
Oj dG edG
e Y AH
f QNG
e Gh GQdG
H dG
226
6-5-1 dG
dG OLe GQe
227
dG
GM
h QG dG
d
G
CdG
JG
h
d
G
J
JG
d
F
GOG
dG
V
dGh hd
G G
d
G a
dG e
e
iGQ edG
hCG
a
dG
GQ
d
G
W
dG
dG/
CG fEG CG hj
egGh GQOEG
d ah
H G
, LMHh
aGdG i eh
YCG jd d
Q dG id g
OQCG dM
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
egG C
d dG Qe
J Q Gh CGh d dG
GQdG dG g MGh
i CG O CG dG LDjh . d d
d J C dG e d
O CG e J JC Jh d dG
.e G O dG
d Mh
jCG Q G g V L j h
aG GQ j dG W JQG EG
h e d L EG
dG
dG GQ G E a d h Jh
.G G EG
j d
V jCGQ e dG CG h
G G Gg
FGOCG e
F L FdG g J h .(2-5-1 h G
CG dGh QG dG CG dEG Q CG e e
e d dG CG e dG Qh
.A dG id dG GQG
Q dG
EG J i j CG h
e J EG G L dG GQ G
.G L dG dG ie EG dG
ah egGh GQOEG CG EG CG
JLM h G d
CG j d d aG dG i eh
MCG d Qh .Q dG id g
Q dG
J J dG eG dG
dGh LG JLMG J d
dGh . G J M W
h
OQCG CG CG FdG G
edG j dG M G F C J
CG C e dG eEGh h dG
Jh dG
g
d LQO
d O G CG
Q G V J . eG G g
dG A CGh
aVEG J eG
CG e GJ OGO jh dG GQdG
e Jh .F CG id Q
M e d J eG e
dG Jh LGGh GQdG d CG
eG W
GO QE gOh Jh
G Wjh . e edG jWh
g CGh e dG e J D OQCG
C dG M G g
J e j hCG EG EG ODj
. g G j hCG GQ dG d dG
a Qh
EG F h J
e e dGh eCGh A G J
dGh G EGh j dG GA dG
CG C e F Q d G e
C dG a Jh e dG
.jd JdG LQO e Jh
e dG AGOCG V J h
e dG LQO Q J LG
e GdG Qe JCJh . dG GQG
Q G Q eh hCG JG j G
CG JG edG G
OCG G e
CG gh LQO 14.01
Q J CG . h LQO G
Qe e dG LQO h
QG G G VhCG e gh M
e EG F Q h . dG GQ d
d d F MEG dO G ha Q dG
dGh j G e GdG JQe EG
Qe Q dG G g jh . G
.edG G Q G
e dG j g j e h
CG M j LG GQ G
CG dG J e dG dG
G d h g L eEG a ; dG e
QW hCG %24.5 h aG
dG eCG .%49.9 h j g G
ie a %8.6 gh CG
.j g G
LG GQ G EG dG h
e dG d dG CG M j
dG
GdGh d dG jG j e dG
YLG GQG
LQO QEG EG
YLEG GQG
EG CG j
fGLdG GQG
GQG EG e
aG
OG aCG eG LQO i L
LG GQG e O
GQdG
G dGh j G e GdG e
.edG G Q Gh
GLdG GQ G G g h
F CG a G GQ d a h
i d dGh
dG dG
. LG GQ G J e
GQ G J Q dG
EG Jh
EG e M VGh Q
LQO 41.81 Q dG eh LQO 47.47
L Q dGh EG a CG gh
JQ Q G J J .GQ G
73
M e dG LQO
.75 e LQO
GQ d dG FdG EG d h
5-5-1
h G
H F MEG hdG
fEGh Q dG
LQO YCG
72.81
EG d d
LQO UCG
GfG
QG
16.54
QG GfG
H G G
fEG
Q P
LEG
fEG
Q P
15.05
17.15
44.43
47.47
41.81
6-5-1
h G
e
T <k/G G4G r)kI
25 (G 0 e dG /4dG vKG-
hdG
H F MEG
fEGh Q dG
YCG
LQO
UCG
LQO
GfG
QG
QG GfG
H G G
fEG
Q P
LEG
fEG
Q P
EG d d
25
5.66
5.3
5.92
17.58
18.27
16.86
j G e GdG
EG d d
23.68
6.07
5.33
6.42
15.36
16.65
14.16
G dG
25
6.79
6.4
7.15
14.01
14.3
13.79
edG Q G
a Lj
2011/2010 d dG aG j J
228
7-5-1
dG
25 e
dG LQO
20
17.58
17.5
15.36
15
14.01
12.5
10
G OCG G
7.5
5
2.5
OQCG dM
a EG dH
AL j g G
edG f YCG
UGdG IQe
,jNG e
dG IQe
IQe Y G
I G QG
edG
G dG Qe
j G e GdG Qe
GQG M edG Ff e
YLG
LG GQ G EG dG
dG G e gQ
dG e dG dG e GQ
G hCG a dG hCG Q G AG
.G j GgCG
EG ODJh
edG G Q G Qe
hCG h gL eEG a ;j g G e
j g G a
d h .j g G QW
j G e GdG Qe g CG
Q G Qe G dG Qe J
.edG G
EG GL a j g G eCG
L j g G ie j dW 142 CG
.e j gL e J 5 e GQG
8-5-1 dG
LG GQG
edG G Q G
G dG
j G e GdG
%0
%20
e UGdG
jNG
%25 hO
M gL
(LQdG LEG e
CGh %25
M jG dG
(LQdG %50 e
e CGh %50
M QW
(LQdG e %75
e CG hCG %75
M gL
(LQdG
229
%40
%60
%80
QG
Y G dG edG
I G
%100
GQG
YLG
10.3
16.2
8.6
7.6
12.9
22.4
17
35.9
40
33.9
49.9
50.5
36.8
27.5
24.5
jdG J dG dG dGh
G MGh CGdG
dGh QG G O EG
GQdG gG CG G CGdG
J j dG M G
GQ e
. GdG Qe GQO
e VG e dG F J h
EG Ld G dG Qe M
j dG G OQCG CG W
e
J eh A dG a
a d gOGaCG L
VJh
GMCGh h da .eOh
J CG J dG j dGh
e Q WEG gOG aCG
jEG J
JG d jh G dhDG
. jdG
d ej j
dG G FdG dG Jh
jdG OQCG QG J EG ; G
J d GdG j dG CG e
Q e J h a
e
a e A dG
G dG
QG dGh G Gh a dG
dCGh jQhG dGh dG dGh
g G Jh . G V j dG
JG G
G dOCGh GQdG
g J jh G V dG
dG G G MVh CG QG
e OG G g d G Gh
G dGh LCG jOh h L
d Dj h .i CG L e QG G
CG J LEG G dEG Q CG e
V e dG j
.( G 3-1 hL G
E d G dG G G dh
hdG dG
A dG id
aG e G d G a . G
Mh d dG
j Ea dG
G G EG C j FG dG dG
dW
j M G dG jW
e j e F d
. e h dEG dG
W EG FdG g i J CG h
e O dG dG j dG M G
e dG J dGh A dG
jh Q Jh dEG j dG G
jCG e gGh a dG e
. G dG J dG j dG
2011/2010 d dG aG j J
F dEG h e Dj G Ggh
d d dG d QG G
G CJ DJ G e
OLh J M
LG GQG eG GO
gadGh CG dG dG gh
g a dGh G dG dG
G G g d . QG dG
DJ dG eG dG L J g Mh
LG GQ G e dG AGOCG
gh .( G 16-1 h L G
LG dG F g g e
GdGh G d jdG M d
.dG e 18 h 17 dG
j G e GdG Q d a
FGO j dG E a
CG jh MG g LG
dG EG h j G e JG
a dG e j e
V
ah e ejh dGh
j G da . e
j d A G CG J j
g Gh egG G
.QaCGh Gh G O J h
dG MG g A dG id Jh
G E dhjh j e a
J Q G hCG AGQG W
e
dG eh . e
hj dG G
GdG
a OQCG CG
dG g G e J e dG
da ; G G
Gh
G eh G e J FdG OG aCG
G F d Q M d g
g e d G FdG jh
e JG F h Jh Q G QG
dJ eh d dG JGdGh
EG
e LG G d eG G e
dG F dGh j dGh dG
EG QG
CG Q CG h . dG
e dG e G e j CG
O Lh j jQdG FGW
O Jh QG Gh dG
J Qe
h L G eG MGh AGQGh Q aCG
.( G 3-1
eG OQCG Q G a J h
e GQ dG g d GO CGh
dGh QG G j CGh G Gh a dG
I CG dGR e
a fOQCG
NGdG f Y
e dG Y
g G e
fGh dG
G G Y
edG e
UGdG EG
Y G dGh
I dG U H
dG jdG
H hq
230
1-5-1 QWEG
OQCG dM
dG
OQCG jH dG
R fCGh eGH
edG g G
QG f
edG I G
fQ G
fEG Y
q Q dG Y
YLEG GQG
dG
dGh
G Q d QG
LG dGh edG dGh
.jQhG
e jCG FdG g j eh
G e
CG GdG OQCG
M A dG J g h
G G Gh e dG j dG
G dG j J
e G
dh . G Gh
F dG G e JG F h
id dG J j GQhO
EGh
.edG j d ADg
Q dG
EG J eCG
CG EG O j a LG GQ G
G e E e CG EG
J EG jh LG h
e aGh dG g
EG CG . GJ G OjEG
Q e CG dG j
a hJ jh Q dG e
d dh . QG hCG dG AG
LG dG W EG F
FdG LG GO dGh G
d j dG OLh C
. e W
e jM
dG
e dG LQO hG J j
G Gh 5-1
dG
OCG iG gh LQO 3 VG aG
7-5-1 h G e M j .
e G
MhGJ dG e dG LQO CG
231
Q G Qe e dG F eCG
EG i J CG a e dG G
jdG M G g A dG gG
dG G dM Qh jh j
dG
aG Qh a j
jEG e j CG . G
ehG dG h j G
j W J h jh
dGh
. d VJ dG dG
dG QdG F e d jh
eh CGdG CGh j d
GQG CG CG EG Q CG a .QG dG
g OQCG A dG id aJ dG
Q dG e J eh W dG Q e
j G LMG Jh EG
dGh hdG Qeh G h dGh
AGQ G MG AG EGh Gh G
a h G g dh j G
G h .e
A EGh CGQ hCG
id GQ G g aG J Q G
EGh da JG F h OLh EG A dG
jdG dGh G LG dG
D G j J eG O Lh EGh
.(6-5-1 dG G) j dG
OQCG j dG dG Jh
e dG g G J CGh eG
OCG M e dG G Q G
J O Gh W dG dG
Vh Jh GQdG G
QGG j e dah CG
QG G Q G d CG J
G Q
e edG G h
dGh j CGh dG J
e CG h j 4.72 h 2.33
G h . dG LQdG EG e dG
G G e CG gh 3.8 G
OLh EG d j .0.8 QG
VG aG
. dG e dG
GL
e dG ddG CG jCG j
G G jh . dG d eG Gh CG
LQO
O Lh
QG
G CG EG h G jh . e dG
.Q dG id g
CG E d G
hdG CG G jg Q G Jh
. EG d d F MEG dGO
GLdG dG CG dG FdG J
J LQdG CG
M aGh
h h LG da dG dG
GQ M FdG h .F MEG dO G
JQG j dG W id d j
.L d LQdG e
J CG e gh .e dG LQO
Q J
. d dG jQG aG G
L Q dG
EG J M j
ihj dG LG dG G a dG
. EG e Q dG a
ddG CG 10-5-1 dG e M jh
jG j e dG e MdG
dG
dG e GdGh d dG
. j g G Q W hCG h g L eEG a
. gL
ie dW CG Lj h
e dG d dG CG jCG M jh
d dG jG EG h e dG
dG dG dG e G dGh
h gL eEG CG EG j QCG
e CGh j g G QW hCG
M eh . dGh hCG jG
CG e dG CG M j j g G ie
GLdG dLEG dG j gL
dG dG d jh .aG dG
73 OLh M G eh . LG G
CGh
G dG OG aCG e %4.2 CG dW
. dG L GdG iG
ddG CG
e dG
kGQ M edG
e d kj
GQdG
7-5-1
h G
dG r)kI
5 (G 1 e dG /4dG vKG-
H F MEG hdG
fEGh Q dG
LQO YCG
fEG d d
4.72
GfG
QG
LQO UCG
2.33
0.34
QG GfG
H G G
fEG
Q P
LEG
fEG
Q P
0.3
0.36
3.8
3.9
3.71
8-5-1
h G
e dG r)kI
5 (G 1 e dG /4dG vKG-
hdG
F MEG
Q dG H
fEGh
LQO YCG
LQO UCG
GfG
QG
QG GfG
H G G
fEG
Q P
LEG
fEG
Q P
fEG d d
2.05
0.47
0.43
0.49
3.94
4.01
3.87
fEG d d
0.45
0.4
0.46
3.94
4.06
3.81
a Lj
4.72
2.17
0.38
0.36
0.4
3.55
3.56
3.53
fEG d d
2.21
0.47
0.42
0.46
3.83
3.99
3.67
2011/2010 d dG aG j J
dG
aG
dG
fGLdG
dG
YLG
dG
fdG
232
9-5-1
dG
5
4.5
OQCG dM
CG Mj
CG edG
dG j gL
jh .aG dG
fdG dG dP
YLG G NCGh
5 e dG LQO
3.94
3.94
3.5
3
2.5
G OCG G
2
1.5
1
aG dG
GLdG dG
O Lh QG G CG h
dG eG
GO G CJ DJ G e
( G 16-1 hL G aG
gadGh CG dG dG gh
g a dGh G dG dG
GQ CG gGh CG jOG
. QG dG gadGh d dG
J
jM OQCG C a
MCG dG
edG QhG
AdG OGYEG
f
CG AH h aG
d
H edG
YLG HCG
jO Gh
f fEGh
233
3.83
3.55
LG dG
dG dG
dG M edG Ff e
e dG Qh G MCG dG J
A h aG A dG OG EG
CG
e dG d CG
ODJh . EGh jO Gh LG
j h LJ CG h dG
.e Jh G OGaCG
10-5-1 dG
dG
LG
GLdG
aG
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
%0
e %25 hO
M gL
(LQdG LEG
e CGh %25
M jG dG
(LQdG %50
e CGh %50
M QW
(LQdG e %75
e CG hCG %75
M gL
(LQdG
%50
%100
dG
aG
dG
fGLdG
dG
YLG
dG
fdG
dG
0.1
4.1
3.7
10.2
1.8
49.1
48.2
80.1
58
67.8
46.8
48
9.7
37
30.4
G G a Q Jh e dG eG e J
e j dG O G Jh .gj Jh Gd
Q G
e
EG gG J
a dG CG e j dG
O G J EG J dG G Gh
Jh e d eG dG h GdG
e dG eCGh dG
FdG d i h . aGhO
g Q M EG Q CG dG G AGQG
hL G e dG L i dG
e dG F Jh .( G 15-1
GQG
F e GLdG dG
. GLdG
CG LG d d h
( G 16-1
h L G) QG G
GO G C J D J G e O Lh
dG gh LG dG
eG
dG g a dGh CG dG
GQ CG gGh G d
QG dG g a dGh d dG
. C jOG gadGh
De hCG g OQCG C a
M g CGh LG dG
h G j F CG G dG
hCG jO gQ e AG G
J a . LG d Jh GO e
edG VGd gDh CG j CG
hj e h j G e
jCG eCG
aG a Jh
e dG hQ
EG Jh gQ e
Jh G Gh A CG e h
dG G j h j G e
Q e d jh .AG d ehG
g LG G A dG
. FG dG
dG e jdG
gG Jh
h G Gh ed LG
d Q J dG
e g dGh QG G d j d Jh
. G CG dGh CG dG G MGh j G
L dG G g Q G CG Jh
jG e CG e jdG
h Gh QG dGh dG
e e dGh h dG
J dG
. j G
2011/2010 d dG aG j J
Gh dG W
F CG
gOQGe e G GA L Jh aG
OdG J dG F CG MW d
aCG G JMW e
LQdG CG
G
e d
Ge
Mh Jh dG
.d G G CGQ j dG J
d dG eGdGh gG J
Jh GQdG MGG aG
e aOdG j dG G EGh GQO G
j dG j dG G j dG h
j dG GQO d dGh G dG
dGh QGOEG e dG
h e d h L d dGh
hQ
e d dG dG dG
QG Jh . G dGh G EG
G dG j dG CG e j dG
OCGh dGh dG G g d
FG G Jh G EG dG G
. d L EG j
j F d
WG ie
i CG e h
OLh EG aVEG G Gg dG
G EG O CG De
QGeh M G De e Gh
.jOjdG GGh d G
G
dG G CGQ FdG g jh
L LQ aG dG Q M EG j
aG Mh dG
e dG
O LGh j L g e
Gh
. Gh
CG GLdG d d h
( G 16-1
h L G) QG G
GO G C J D J G e O Lh
dG : gh G L dG dG
eG
dG g a dGh CG dG
dG g a dGh dG dG
J OQCG C a . Q G
dG eG CG G aJ EG ddG
GdGh dG QG G F C j
j J
Jh dG
Gh G OJ e C
dhD MEG jd Jh CG
CG L
JGdG dGh dAGh
MG g gQhO jh .
Jh
Gh dG G EG
dG G L dG d QG gG
QG CG
edG eG
Iq L LQH d
fOQCG I CG
e hCG g
YLG dG
UM g CGh
FHCG G dG Y
G j
, G h
gQ e AG
e Hf hCG jO
d h GOY
YLG
234
11-5-1 dG
CGdG UCG CG
aG dG CG
kGQ M CG g
edG id
dG OLe
OQCG dM
Gd
d
Gh G dG V
G
dG dG e dG
j
dG
dG
G dGh L dG
G h G
W VG
dG d
G QG G
dG
W GG G
h G G
d h MG
Gh a
G dG G M
dG d
j G
Jh
eG
G A dG
Gh
G
dG G
hQ
d
G
j G
G dG
e
e GdG
dG
hQ
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Q dG j
OdH ddG
je aQh
fG h G
fEH fQ e
jj G dG
k Y h keG dEG
CG e CG
IF dG
235
M G MG
C dG
MG
F dG dG dG h EG
dG dG g L Jh . dG
Q jh Q G
.j dG CG
g AG EG e dG g G D Jh
dG Qh F F L dG e G
OQCG QG dG eh CGdG C
aGG dG CG CG EG Q CG dG
e G J A dG id
G h dGh WGh aG M
.G EGh
Q dG
EG J J h
F dG d eG dG CG
J G a . LG dG
CG LG dG CG e
jG MCG CG d .
LQ QGh
FGOCG J h G edG
C eG dGh J LQO j
. FdG
GO
CG Q dG E a h
G h G j aQh Lh h
e j e O h . G h
CG h j a ; G dG g
eCG F
Jh g Jh JjM e
.J G EGh gGeh JGQO e
eh GOLG CG EG CG
h LEG edG Gh QGh CG
j egG CGh aGh dG W
AdG Jh . a Gh dG
dG e jdG OQCG jh
G e A d J dG DGh
Vh
j dG d
CG
gJh
Gh JG EG
dGh ed j L OG EG
JG eh FGQGh j G G MGh
dGh j dG J g Gh
. LGh
dG G AGQG FdG g Jh
OGaCG id dG g Q M DJ
( G 15-1 hL G GQdG
a dG d d eCG
G Dj G j e OLh QG G
dG dG gh eG GO G CJ
QG dG gadGh CG
.( G 16-1 hL G
EG Ld FdG g J h
Mh F CG J CG QhO
e G G C dG
Jh FdG G a dG
M
e dG
aG
AG
dG d eG dG a J
AG dG e
G d
j . G a
aGh
GhGh dGdGh G G MG A CG
d JGg e e CGGh LdG
d J dG eCGh A G
A CG
dG h Gh Gh
.dG hCG G dG
aGgCGh d edG dG Jh
.j dG j dG e
J gCG
G G g
id dGh GQ G
dG gMh
%11.5 h %5.1
g CJ hGJ EG e dG
eGdG dG Lj G gh a
GQe D J dG i CG dG
OG EG DJ d h e dG h
.aG G d A dG
LdG e Gh G d
GO L
e G De e jdG
FdG GO Gh CG G
LG dG jh .OQCG G
j dG CG G L dGh
G g E d LG QG
CG Q e V
j d
.VjdG
dG dG
G dG dG a
e dG CGQ G jW
e d
dG dG Qh Q Gh eh
G QG dG M OQC jLCG
aJ eh QG FdG dG
GO eEG hCG e e QG
G iL .LQ h QdG M
eh CG G dG M jCG CG dG
G hCG dah jM e e J
.a d GO
QG dG
e M e dG LEG CG
jEG g G QG dG
A L M GQ dGh Q d dG
dG OG aCG e dG ddG LEG
QG FdG dG GD
EG aGG hCG edG aGG ie
M F dG g j eh . e M
dG aJ
eh JQGOE QG
e d G d h e d eG
aQh J dG dG
gh Gd jd aGdG ie
dG e QG e dG G CG
G AGQG FdG g jDJh . LdG
J e dG e
CG Gh jdG
dG e J QGe CGh G M
8-1 h L G
LQO EG
.( G
dG dG FGQ d h
Q e dG AGQG J QG
aGG CG M gaGJ
M
jQhO W a QG aJ e
2011/2010 d dG aG j J
GQe Y dG dG CG
h edG
e
G dG dG J
:ddG G G d dG G
dG ee CG : CG J
e CG hCG (A CGh CGh CG
adG hCG dG CG hCG CG
( dG hCG
C d dG iG C d dG iG d dG GQ CG gG C jOG gadG ie G dG gadG ie G d dG gadG ie QG dG gadG ie CG dG dG j e O Lh dG CG
CG dG dG g FQ
G D j Q G dG g a dGh
hCG aG e AG dGh GQG L
d h . dG hCG LG hCG GLdG
Q Gh CG dG e CG a C J
C dG F dG e dG g
C J
jCG F dG Jh .A dG
jdG G d dG gadG
QhV EG Lj dGh GQG e
dG OG EG G d gG
. CdG d CG edG Gg CG h
dG g a CGh QG J h
jCG jh . dG G DG GMdG
dG CG G 16-1 hL
e
dG e
C d jO G ga d
jdG DJ e G gh LGh aG
I CG RhH EG
j QGh
H FQ
j AdG
CdG j CG
d jG G
G
e CG
QGh edG
G MG OLh Y
H Oe
236
9-5-1
h G
e aGhCG
aGhCG
aGhCG
e q M EG
2.5
5.8
60.8
30.9
7.5
11.3
41.5
39.7
6.8
12.3
35.2
45.7
4.3
4.4
28.3
63
1.9
3.5
23.3
71.3
5.6
9.8
32.5
52.1
aGhCG
d GQdG OGG a CG -CG
a dGh dG W Q QG J QG eCGh MGd CG -
( O e G MG JJ CG e W
QG J e / F e e W
GL GOG EG
OQCG dM
G dG
CG FdG CG
edG d
a CG EG
dh e
dG jd
dG QG
dG e dG AGQCG
dG iL
Qh de
e G
j G jCGQh dG Q G
GQ dG G d M G
e dG CGQ d h G Gh
LGh dG dG dG
aG e E G MJEG ieh
e G h e G
EG F h h
. G e ieh
e dG d CG FdG CG h
dh e a CG EG
eh . dG Q G dG jd
. dGDdG jg LEG a e
Ve g
%37
J
e e d
.10-5-1 h G
ae EG FdG g i J h
QG eG g OL e dG
O QEG e e d M Q hCG
j dG QG G L aG dG
L h . d eC J O Lhh
dG g e dG G Ea GMCG
h
j C gCG j
. eh L
EG eG g
a jQhdG dG d d eCG
h CG dG Me e J
V CG .j dG MG e J J
W GO aJ hO M eEG
. QGG
h G
EG aGhCG
e M
aGhCG
aGhCG
e
36.9
26.8
18.1
18.2
e d jQhO W a QG aJ -CG
30.3
22.4
22.6
24.7
e dG d G dG QG aJ -
39.3
20.3
14.7
25.7
37.7
27.8
15.9
18.6
FQ dG hCG V M QG J -O
44.4
30
13.3
12.3
G VGeCG V J eG QG J -g
57.9
24.5
8.2
9.4
51.6
23.1
11.3
14
35.5
27.9
19.6
17
237
d QG J -h
10-5-1
(%)
d -O
aGhCG
LG J e M
dG J e M
e dG LG e QG Lj -h
e dG F CG/ J e QG Lj dG d e Ve Q -
12-5-1 dG
e d
a EG
LEG
%10
%11
QCG
Q
dG
%30
%30
QCG
%59
d Lj
CG EG e
a
%60
LddG aG QO e J CG
Q G jM J g jOdGh
. d dG eCG
M e dG AGQG G h
i eh G edG G dG
JQ eh FdG G dG eG
LG dGdG aJh d G OQ
EG F h A M gDhGQG d h
Q dG
e G h e G
VJ J LEG a gG
hd 14-5-1 EG 12-5-1 e hG G
.dGh
OLh CG e dG e d iJh
G h QG eQ
G
. C G j CG C e
G e C e dG
FdG eh . d aCG a jd
OGaCG e a %30 CG d a dG
F dG CG
e G aGh dG
AdGh VG jG
j
LG F dG g J h
dG Q Gh G G
G O dG OLh OQCG
.edG dG h G MCG
EG e dG LEG i J CG h
G dG Gh hQ G
G MC d A G G e WGG
C Jh dG G Q Gh
J EG hCG G e dG
G
gCG
e d dG
gG h MG g GQ dG
j MEG Mh .i CG QeC
e O aCG j d M G GQ G
Q G j j CG e dG
.jdGh dGh dG
G G
gaJ dG j G EG d LQEG h
Q Gh J hCG J F C CG
j dG GQ dG h F CG
Gg CG QhO jh . dG
d O QEGh LdG aJ
G
11-5-1
h G
Le 0 {ekdG $G4%G
ee jM
jM
e jM
I jM
1.3
2.7
29.5
66.5
dG GQG -CG
1.7
5.8
36.8
55.7
dG GQG -
2.8
6.2
27.1
63.9
jdG GQG -
2011/2010 d dG aG j J
238
12-5-1
OQCG dM
(%)
h G
aGhCG
e
EG aGhCG
e q M
aGhCG
aGhCG
e
46.4
35.5
11
4.5
2.6
32.4
42
15.2
3.4
39.8
35.9
15.3
6.2
2.8
34.7
36.9
15.9
8.1
4.4
39.8
31.3
12.8
9.8
6.3
e hCG dG
e QG dG J hJ Lj -
33.2
30.5
16.6
13.1
6.6
e hCG dG
e G dG J hJ Lj -h
57.5
21.6
11.5
6.7
2.7
dG aCG a jd G e-
29.8
26.3
19.6
17.8
6.5
( e GdG i CG GQ dh e G Ad ah j F dG -
30.5
35.5
15.9
6.5
11.6
31
30.3
14.5
11.1
13.1
YCG
QG GO C G J eQ
G C G J eQ
dG G
dG G
EG
G LJ -CG
G LJ -
EG
dG j G OLG G dG -O
dG AGQG
d dG j QG OLG G dG -
j dh VG
j dG A JQG -
e g h A JQGh dGh GO dG e VG GQ G EG MG j -
W dGh G G eG
j j dG CG dG e
aG e E G e M EG
g e O G
e G EG OQCG
Jh A dG eEG j J dG
g G dG h
e G EGh J W
. dG Gg hO dG gh
G EG dG g Jh . dG
JM e CGQ e
CG dG jd j CG V G e
d j dG g dG JA
dG CG jCG M G eh . G
e CG e G
EG F h
.e G
F dG
dG dG F EG d h
13-5-1
h G
aGhCG
e
EG aGhCG
e q M
aGhCG
aGhCG
e
36
40.7
10.8
6.2
6.3
36.9
44.3
3.8
YCG
h gG Q dG J Gh FG
d G AGQG J Gh FG
EG F h -CG
EG F h -
14-5-1
h G
EG aGhCG
e q M
aGhCG
aGhCG
e
32.5
41.2
12.5
5.6
8.2
36.3
40.5
10.5
4.9
7.8
239
aGhCG
YCG
h gG Q dG J Gh FG
d G AGQG J Gh FG
EG F h -CG
EG F h -
13-5-1 dG
ae
12
10
8
6
4
2
a
J
d F
a
e
a
d
J
Q
e
dG
h j
e aG
d a
a
L
G J
G
a
dG J
j
W
d
e MG
a
j
Q
aJ
J
G
Gi
LG
dGh
Gh
dG
dG
G CG
dG
j
h
jQ
d
JQG ah . dG GdGh d
e GQ G dG LQO
e dG i d dG O Lh EG j
dh aG dh
JGQ
GQe EG J dG g
G G g G e d
aJ e FdG dEG Q CG dG
eDJh J dG dG e e L
d Lj h .G G g EG d dG
hCG dG d G G G EG
AG
dG GQ d G dG
OLG dG GL dh
.jd G GQ dG G hCG
2011/2010 d dG aG j J
UN
G M e dG CG j g e
G CG LQ dG
CG
j J e dG
CG Lh M d
G d h g L (%30.4)
Lj G dG
h . a G
M e aG gL dW CG
.e dG aG GQG
e dG
j LQO LG GQG JCJh
e %24.4 CG M dG LQO e
QG g ie
h gL e dG
j g G ie j
.%4.7 i GLdG GQ G ie
VCG FdG J EG d h
dG JQe g WEG
JQe
GQdG CG
id Y dG OLh
GQ H edG
dh Y
g dh ,aG
Y dG
GQe EG
G e dH
G G g
240
6-1
dG
OQCG dM
dG e e
OQCG id a
OGYEG dG
LCGh AdG
GOGYEG eO dG
ddG d
aG
EG
e G
jdG OQGG
a j h
FQ GQ
F h e
GQOGh dG
fOQCG CG
241
eh CG
dG G g j
A d A dG OG EG dG dGh
eh G e ejO e e gh aG
dG V e EG GO G Vh
aG G h
EG aVE dG
h F AV d
.aG
dG dG
FG id G dG aGJ CG
A Gh Od GA a G
d h Gh j dGh jdG e
aGJ e G EG Jh aG G CJh
GO Gh . d d dGh OGQEGh dG
aJ OQCG Ea dG dG V e
eO dG LCGh A dG OG EG dG jd
;aG EG d dG d GOG EG
g OLh DJ dG FdG e jdG gh
OGQEG aGJ gCG e OQCG G dG
h eh eG EG LJ
j
e Q G G jJ
. dG j eG h aG dG e
d OQCG aGO O j M j
G dG F EG G gCG
V G CG dG
aJ
e GQd WCG L dG
d d jh . d dG a
e dhdG GQ dG jQh dG Q
OL J dG dG G h J
eG LQO e dGh JL h dG
.aG O G GQ e dG
AG LEG
OQCG dGh dG QG h
. dG d j GQO
G EG a Q g CG
dG j J jh . dG j dG
ah e V G EG dG j dG
dG e e - OQCG dM
J J O Lh j
jd C JGh e G
jh J i jh . dG
h eG
G G QGGh e G
GO J QG G Qh
e h dEG e G eG CGh
Gg .h dEG JG e dG
J J De O Lh
h
Q G aJh j dG OQGG OG E
eGG d h dG G CGQ
28 Gh dG e G O
h
52 G e G dGh eL
.(CG2010 h dG hdGh dG QG h
dG e e ie OLh EG aVEG Gg
dGh A dG J dG a dG dG
Gh a dG dGh G G e
WCG eh QGh dG QhOh edG
G E d G G aJ gJ dGh
aGhQ MCG gQ a dG dG h
e EG F h aGJ . e dG dG
J Oe eh Feh e
G e L EGh dhG Jh a G
Gh dGh j dGh G EG
GdG FGO J g dG
EGh
LG
A EG h dGh A dG
Fe
gO OG dG h dEG GG
. e
gCG EG Q EG gCG eh
G J e j J OLh
h j G J aJh WGG
G EG J aG M h aJ
aGJ EG aVE CG dG jMh Q Gh
.ehG dG j e
LGhh j dG e gh
J OQCG h gh d
WdG G e d dGh CGGh EG
Gh CG G h EG
L J dGh . CG hD d WdG
Gh eG dG aJ
OG GE
. CGG h A dG
EG d eG dG g L EG
OQCG Q e aJ CG Jh a J
aG A dG OG G dG
GQdG A dG Gg EGh
LGh GLh GQ j GG
dd gDj i e eh
.aG
2011/2010 d dG aG j J
Gh j dG OQGG d WdG G
dG O h h dG d OQCG
G O CGh dG h d dG
G A E LdGh G jQd GQ
.GQ d WdG
dG Y IQ dG
j g G dG
Q dG J
jO G eEG Gh
dG j W
GO Gh FG dGh a G j dGh
dG dG hCG j dG hCG a dG
LJ .O G g e hCG J CG
QO dG G GQ dG G
jdG AV h . gCJh A dG OG EG
dG dG JG dG Gh
dG OQCG GQ dG CG g V
dh
A dG J CG
gQ Gh J e G EG aG
OLh GQ dG g e e JC jh .
eO ah gDe j OQG e
d edG j dG i dG a OGO J
%69 EG d 64 15
jdG
Q Gh aG G e jdG gj h
. Jh JQGOEG MCG e G EG jEG
M ie J CG C eh
a . e dG
EG OCG dG dG CG G L
jEG LGh jO G G J
QO e M JEGh dG M J
.jQ G h G jd aVEG
dG j d Gh jDhdG aGJ
.2013 2009 G C d aG O G
dG aJ QG G EG J dGh
dG A aQh h e d
dG CGG Q e Jh dG
gG e dG h dG eGdGh
G e G e dGh j Gh
dG eG j Jh e dG aG
Gg . E d LG J G j h G
GQ d Lh JGe OLh e
ij M e G Jh JG
G d g e j J e
hdGh G G dGh dG dG
JG G CG OQCG
.e G Jh
OQCG L
ge jH OQGe
gj
aG G e jdG
GPEG HjEG Q CGh
QGOEG MCG e
h
AdG id aGj
GQe OQCG
YLEGh fGLh
e eh
EG d d g
aG
242
1-6-1 QWEG
OQCG dM
dG d dG 2G<(G reI|H
j
Wh G G
L Y
edG aCG
G d Ak GOCG
h dGh
, GH Yf
Y dG e
dG
Qh dG e
dG
eG G
e G f
Gh
h
,Y dG
he Lh
G
243
a
EG aVE dG a hd OQCG De h G Gg J
. dG iG
jO Gh LG J e gh . hdG CG O ie e
jQJ dG d e dG ajh
dh dG O dG e d
e J
aJ EG aVE OdG e
CG j CG J jQJ eG a
GQhOh j EG dGh G GQhO e hCG j dG GQO G CG
dG A G h . G GQ e CG . dG G h e QGG e G
G
GE e dG jh
Oa J j jQdG a e
h Gh h GQG JG e dG
.
EG aVEG Gg . EG e Jh
G Q e j Wh e Vh
dG d
L d G VG eC
Wh CG Gh jEG h
dG dG Jh G j Q
.g
QG EG Qh V e dG Q eCG eh
e G J eG G dG
dG J Jh JGh
LCG e G he Lh
j J JeG G eOh dG dG
h e Gd h WdG dG dG
. dG
LdG O QG EG e h
dG M e aG WG O j J
g h a G
G a
(VG aG OhM h D h
JGh e G J Q G e
EG eG QG G e Gg . EGh
O EG
e d ah dG
e aG
F dG G A h CJ
jL e G G CGQ
dG
dG e h O G aJ
.O G
adG QG G dG Gg JCjh
Q G Jh dG dG
j J O EGh WGG e j Jh
QhO
VG dG dGh dh d O dG
G EGh O j dGh dG geh dG
j e dGh e EGh dG j Gh
. EG Mh
Ea GQ dG e jdG h
EG CG e F e dG j
EG DGh CG egh j dG
G EGh Q dG dG
F
dG
A d CG G dG J
FG OjEGh dGh dG Q h jdG
a e G e edG d
gCdG G L EG eEGh
eh . EG h jQ dGh
edG gCG G dG GAGLEG
e EG dG eh e
e CG dG C h
Q e
i CG dG dG dMG j
LG h e CG dEG dG d h
dG G
J dhDe J
.G G Deh gCGh
Ea e A dG
Cdh
Wh JG G Vh e
VGh GgCG ah d dGh dG e
dG ie J AGOCG G Deh O h
e e Jh G gCG g
L d LG j Gh j dG
h . W G F dG FG dG
Wh JG G J d e
d AGOCG e dG aCG L
J
e G h dGh G
O G O j e Gg dG
dG
L CGG Q e gC G d
G dJ h Ld CG G
dG FGdG dG EGh dG Qh jO dG
dGdG hO h G
.
j CG j dG CG
e dG dG AGOCG j J
e h e dG dG eC dG
Jh WCGh eC d dG j dG
CG J F d jh dGh ad O G
dG e e - OQCG dM
J dG j dG dG O a h O Gh EGh L EG a
A QG dG JGh e G a h dAG
G L G aG
.e dG a
d
eG h ge Jh OG EG e CdG jM Jh jQJ d CGh Q e J
jd Jh QG eG e d eDJ
g
dG dG GQ dG
e dG j dG GQ Gh Q G
Q Gh aG O G e LG
. a dG
Jh J J O EG G G Jh G i G
V eCG L dG
M G dG
dG GgCG e aGj JG G Q e
GQO e G Jh eGG
dhdGh EGh dG CG
O G e Jh A j
.aG h
AGOC V d JG G J a e dGh G EG
Jh O G dG L
G dG WJh OQG GG
e J CG j L EG Q G e
j aJ Jh eGG dG GgCG
dGh G EG Jh h
. dG
e J
Jh Vh e dG OG CG
G J
GdG dG LMh dG
g OG CGh gOG CG h LQ Gh
. O Ge ah gD G jQ dG
C dG e G g h
j dG
dG G Q Gh
. hdGh G
G dGdG
j J Jh edG G CGG Q e Jh
aJh dG Qh jO dG G G
A d dG a aJ EG G d
. G e dG Jh e Gh
dG a Wh JG G J d J G gCGh G VGh
h O e a
e F
. dGh G d
aCG e jL OjG 2011/2010 d dG aG j J
.Gh G eG Gh aG O Jh
jQ Jh J dG g Jh
O C dG
J gCJh
e E G OG aCG e
CG e dGh GQGh QG e
.L EGh aG J
jQO G j
dG Qh V
g eh
Gh G EG j d VM aJ
j dG J h dG dG Oh
dG j Jh j dGh dG OQG eh
aG WJ gC dGh J De
.e j dG dG h L EGh
QdG e O Gh WE jh
e G e dG L dG dG
Q C h aG EG dG
WJ
dGh G L hO
.OQCG G e j
jdG
dGh
dG dGh
G Gh
dG Gh
g YGdGh
CG e e
C
dG e
CG G dG e J
j da .aG Q d egh
JG Gh dG dGh dGh
. C CG e e g Gh
d OQCG dG e CG eh
:eGG dG EG
dGh D d J OjG a hCG e d OD J dG
a OJ EG dGh eCGh dG
eh G dGh dGh C dG
F
EG GGh dG
F
dG
eCG . dG Q J
j CG j d a dG
h G dGh dG CGh j e dG
. dG G dGh jCdGh G
LG d GQ j dG j J WG d J e EGh a h h
dG Mh jOdG JjM Q
hO EG M e j J Q ah
Q dG EGh j G jM AG G
LG dGdGh GhG
h
Jh dGh AdG CG G
eh Ge j h j ae i
e e d dG dG e eh
. dG aG
OQCG id Lj
Y IQ h Q
f dG
d aG
G H g
jdGh jOG
hO dG
dP
244
e h dGh G d e dG
. dG LMG ah G
Wh e e
Jh Vh ah j G
Jh ejO
dG G gCGh a G e
edGh dEG dG jh eGG j dG
G OG EG e J e e
. G dG eG h
dG d e j
a J OGQEGh
Gh JG Gh
dGh j dG OG E LGh
.e dG dG
OQCG dM
OQCG id CG dG VdG e j
aG dG M Q
jd CG
dG G EG d
G Gg dG
Q dG
g CG EG . gDe j OQG e CGh
hO dG j dGh jOG G
eG
QO gh .aG d h
Vh e G EG dG d e dG dG
dG G gC
JJ e CG ah
Ea G G G e G EGh .j dG
OG E e dG G L C dG
.d e Q aGJ A dG
245
dG e e - OQCG dM
eGdG
-1
-3
2011/2010 d dG aG j J
-2
-4
-5
-6
-7
-8
-9
-10
-11
-12
-13
-14
-15
-16
-17
-18
-19
-20
-21
-22
-23
-24
-25
-26
-27
-28
-29
-30
-31
-32
-33
-34
-35
-36
-37
246
OQCG dM
LG GQhCGh LGG
247
2011/2010 d dG aG j J
248
dG e M G g t
.1986
dG QGO .(``` ` dG `` ``f ` `Y `` ` ` CG)
. g dG dGh d
`` ` ` GQ`` dG) .2008 O t
IQG gG :jQdG eG d dG
G GQG G .( dG G Gh
. j dG OQGG d WdG
Q dG G MCG t
4821 OdG .( dG I``j`` G) .2007
.
19
D G G t
5032 OdG .( dG Ij G)
OQCG dM
.2010
.
.1994
Q dGh dG t
. .( dG Ij G)
e G EG dG M V t
. 4831 OdG .( dG Ij G) .2007
.2007 d
CG G t
`` ` ` h :OQCG ``` f``` ` ` dG `` ` `U`` ` `dG)
. .( dG
.2010 OQCG dG dG t
HdG dG `` `` ``e```G ``j`` ``dG)
dG h Gh :``` fOQCG G
. .(H
d CG) .1984 h e t
H ```` ``Y h ```Y````LG dG
.( G ``d``` ` dG `` ` M``e ```` ```dG
e L Q e
GQ O Mh WCG
. g dG j dG
```d```` EG) .2007 CG CG O t
.(``e`` ` ` G ```` h ``j``` dG ``H `` ``` dG
WG d Q G h dEG G
.2010
EGh
Al Hares Association for Democracy
HdH LGG
hdGh dG QG hh G CGt
`` ` h ``` ` d``H A`` a`` dG) .2010 h dG
G`` gC` `d `` ` `dG ``j`` ` ` dG , ``M``` ` dG
. .(2010 ,OQCG ,dCd F EG
.2007 e
dG eCG t
M d HdG dG e ie)
GQ``` e ` ` Y `` ``L `` ` a`` ``j``f``` dG
.( jQ A``` CG dG dG
dG GQ eEG eL 24 OdG dG
. CG
HGdG G) .2009 dG Q CG t
d `` ` fOQCG ````` G ,``` ``dG ``` `d
. .( dG
Deh F EG G CG e t
``j`` ` ) .2009 e G GQ
``UG`` ```f :2009 ``` `d ``H``` dG ``a``` G
dGh d jdG QGO .(e ```e
. O
.2007 F EG G CG e t
GQdG QG HdG h``dG Ff)
AGOCG ``j``` ` ` e `` ` L`` ` d `` ` `dh`` dG
dG .(TIMSS 2007 `` ``dGh ```` ``j``dG
. EGh j d dhdG
``j`` ` ` dG) .2007 h dG dG t
. .(2007 d dG
h WGG) .2005 jQOEG Lt
hCG Q 211 OdG dG .(jdG
.VjdG . g1426
``` d``` CG) .2006 e dG t
``` `dG ``` ``e ```e`` ``` `j ``` dG `` ` jQ``` dG
`` ` ` HOCG `` `` ` `LCG `` ` jQ`` ``` H``` dG
MhWCG .(OQCG dG CG MG
. OQCG e G. Qe
GQ O
& Media
http://www.alhares.org/site/modules/news/article
249
2010
---t
.
2011/2010 d dG aG j J
250
j EH LGG
Freedom House, 2010. (Annual survey of
political rights and civil liberties freedom of
the world 2010). www. freedomhouse.
org On: 15.5.2011
OQCG dM
LG GQhCG F
````````dG `` ` ` ` dG) . M jt
.(aG
Y j f N) .
G t
.(OQCG dG
251
2011/2010 d dG aG j J
252
OQCG dM
MG
253
M G - OQCG dM
2011/2010 d dG aG j J
254
OQCG Y Qh QG A CH F
OQCG dM
g Q dG
dG O dG
eGdG e dG
dG M dG
GM MG O
M dG
h M dG
Q dG G dG dG
MOGG ge dG
hG dG d G
e e Q dG
e Q dG
GOGL Ga Q dG
dG ja Q dG
MG
j ge dG
j jG dG
G jg j dG
G O dG
255
:1
GQ gG EG /Q dG
dG J Q dG
j M dG
d dG dG
j dG O Q dG
QOJ Qe dG
G h Q dG
GhdG dG
W Q dG
G MdG Q dG
dG CG Ag Q dG dG
GQ Q dG
dG a dG
CG dG
Q Ag dG
M j G
G Qe Q dG
G Q dG
M G - OQCG dM
OQCG G QG QGG A CH F
:2
QG G
QG G
dG J Q / dG j G dG
EG / d j dG h
Q / d dG j dG dG G
Q / d j dG M jdG
Q / d j dG
d edG j dG G M
EG /j dG G
d edG j dG g dG
EG /e EG dG dG
EG / d edG j dG j dG
G Q G QdG
dG J EG / hG j G dG
Q / dG a dG
EG / d j dG CG
EG / edG j dG dL
EG/ d j dG dG
EG/ GQ G
G jOQdG gGQ
Q /jdG
Q / edG j dG G
Q / g G
Q /G j dG W MCG
Q / edG j dG GdG CG
Q / d j dG M
Q / d j dG e
O CG
G OQCG dG
Q G jW G / dG dG
Q / hdG
2011/2010 d dG aG j J
256
OQCG G Ff
OQCG dM
DGKCG DGKCG
GHCG
DGKCG
e <I
DGKCG
e
257
(%) gG
QG AGQG : 1-1 h G
dG dG eGdGh gG J -CG
13
59
27
G j
12
60
27
jQh dG GQG G
26
54
19
LQG aG
48
44
19.2
55.6
21.2
12
58
28
13
61
24
(% GQG e OY
:3
QO GA OG EG
dG eGdGh gG J dG eGdGh gG J -
edG G e e e d
dG dG eGdGh gG J -
G e edG
Y GQ d QG : 2-1 h G
42CG
,F ,4E
,4E
6ke
,4E
,2K
39.6
49.5
8.9
29.3
51.5
16.2
dG dG -
31.7
56.1
12.2
GQO e JG -
44
39
17
39.2
48.5
11.3
e M -
43.4
40.4
12.2
Vh j dG QG G G -h
56.6
33.3
8.1
28.3
52.5
16.2
37
47
14
hQdG M -
9.1
26.3
42.4
22.2
G ie dG -
57
38
39.4
37.4
19.2
G e G -CG
EG -O
dG OG G h G dG M e Q
dG -
G dG d dG -
M G - OQCG dM
(%)
64eCG
H
G
h=CG
G
F
G
10
47
43
30.6
51
18.4
9.2
28.6
61.2
13
18
17
52
2.1
17.5
80.4
QdG ge M e dG e dG -
56.6
31.2
11.2
GQdG g J e dG EG e Vh e -h
47.5
37.4
13.1
20.9
53.8
16.5
8.8
30.3
50.5
19.2
V e dG J -
34
62
edG G dG OG Q -
15.8
84.2
(%
J/ J CG e dG e QG -CG
G M
e dG jQJ -
j dG gG -
Q dG
( eG GQ G
/
QdG -O
dG
EG
J -
e dG e -
G OQh dG Ahg
G -
42CG
M4K|9
G T/
M4K|9
e <I
=
M4K|9
73.3
23.7
75.2
18.8
69.6
26.5
2.9
63.4
33.6
EG
e dG e -O
83.3
15.7
e M
e dG jQJ -
54.9
39.2
4.9
91.2
7.8
30
53
17
68.6
30.4
77.2
21.8
70.6
23.5
5.9
20.6
49
29.4
2011/2010 d dG aG j J
G e G
dG dG
GQO e JGh e Q
dG OG G h G dG M
e dG jQJ
d e dG aO -
e dG e -h
G e dG
g E j dG CG
e dG jQJ
JGdG dG Q
G dG
e dG J e dG aGe e dG jJ e dG jJ -
LG dGh O G e dG
J-
hQdG e dG G dEG -
258
(%) jH
OQCG dM
DGKCG
DGKCG
DGKCG
GHCG
e <I
DGKCG
e
8.1
18.2
61.6
12.1
12
43
43
6.1
32.3
60.6
32.3
41.4
9.1
17.2
20.4
52
19.4
8.2
7.1
58.6
28.2
6.1
30
47
15
11
41
46
11.1
45.5
31.3
12.1
41
36
15
19.2
77.8
25
43
29
10
52
38
GQdG d e dG id G e j J
A CG Qe jCG
259
DGKCG
DGKCG
e <I
13.7
36.3
38.2
11.8
10.9
35.6
42.6
10.9
dG j -CG
GVh G EG dGh d e dG -
jOG e dG h d e G EG
hQ j jdG g LdG QG -
J G G
aQ QG j CG e d -
e dG J g dGh d e dG ad h MCG -h
J O G g dG e dG Q d h MCG e dG j (LQO
QG LGh e A L e dG QeCG AdhCG e dGh QhdG gOhOe Jh QG gJ dG
EG -
J J AG G j CG j e QG d -
aGh dG M AdG G j CG QG e J G e G J
jQJ G j M i CG OGG F
(%)
DGKCG
GHCG
dG QG G e : 5-1 h G
JQ
LdG Q d gCG -
e G j CG e Q d gqOGe
QG M QG AGQG :6-1 h G
DGKCG
e
QGh d e dG jh J j QG QhO aG d dG q J QGG G j dG FG dG -
M G - OQCG dM
(%)
JCG
,F
JCG
6ke
JCG
9
JCG
d
86.1
8.9
59.6
36.4
82.2
13.8
83
14
( q dG QG Q G GG -CG
QG LGdG h G G M FdG O q G dG
-
q
LQ h dG GO dG
q M -O
87.1
9.9
dG dq dG QG -
62
36
Q Gh G EG
Q G -h
73.3
25.7
DhdGh dG
Q dG -
55.4
41.6
74
24
GQO G Jq G eG Qh
(%)
GHCG
G42I
I0CG
)G2
84.1
14.9
66
28
31.7
46.5
21.8
100
98
25.8
74.2
77
23
12.2
87.8
12
88
2011/2010 d dG aG j J
QG G QG AGQG :8-1 h G
CG QG
jQGOEGh q jQdG dG h e dG
QG M LJ -CG
QG M LJ -
QG e dG
(%)
dG LEG -
M LJ -
G Q d IaG dG F dG :9-1 h G
M -CG
EG G G e -
j J G G -O
e hCG e e -h
260
(%)
9K /c6
,/ 9K /-
2.2
5.6
92.2
q (G hCG
62.5
2.3
35.2
d (G hCG
14.5
84.5
q Qe e -
56.7
16.5
26.8
Qe d M -O
52.2
12.2
35.6
j J M -
10.3
20.6
69.1
50
8.2
41.8
3.1
25.8
71.1
h W G -
18.5
28.9
52.6
Qq J dG q dG d GhOCG -
OQCG dM
/-
h dEG
0 ,4E
6ke ,4E
9 ,4E
35.6
48.5
14.9
96
(%)
261
I0CG
)G2
15
41
36
5.9
89.1
9.8
44.1
44.1
10.8
24.5
63.7
G G-
G C LddG F dG G G :12-1 h G
G42I
Q -h
dG G G Y Qq G IQ :11-1 h G
eke ,4E
GHCG
ee -
EG
(%) f
(%)
ee -CG
M G - OQCG dM
(%) H
<
e
e <I
25.2
39.4
15.2
20.2
15.7
29.4
21.6
33.3
2.9
10.8
37.3
49
14.7
82.3
Yh dG e QG AGQG :14-1 h G
h dGh q dG aq j G Lh d qdG e
e JCG G O e CG O aq j G Lh d qdG e
JGdG A G
JC -CG
JC dG
q j dG e O -
d Q M C MEG dG e -
QG f Lh e dG id dG Q M ie :15-1 h G
IdG dG
<k/G dG
IG/dG dG
D|G dG
dG
2.71
2.69
2.71
2.12
0.72
0.72
0.57
0.60
QG G G
1.40
1.11
1.44
OCG G
CG G
0.087
0.078
7.9
0.088
0.108
11.5
0.067
0.092
0.062-
7.4
0.079
0.067
0.062-
8.5
0.080
0.074
0.120
cdG
kdG
,|6CG HdG dG
5.1
0.122
C :16-1 h G
0.088
Cd kdG LkG
0.075
~G kdG JD|dG
7.5
h GQe Y d IaGG dG dG
0.083
*0.099
aG GQG
0.064
0.125
GLdG GQG
0.185
LG GQG
0.064
0.280
aG dG
0.064
0.213
LG dG
0.234
GLdG dG
0.248
dG dG
dGK G4G
jQG QG G ee *
dG G
2011/2010 d dG aG j J
dG G dG J
G G G Q
j e **
262
2011/2010
jG
1-2
265
dG
e G
265
271
271
271
GQeEG dM
271
272
273
273
274
274
275
275
276
277
277
279
279
280
280
280
281
283
284
dG
GQeEG dhO aG AdG OGYEGh dG dG
e e
e G b dG
e G dG
G dG
jdG dG
eG dG
Q dG J h eCG
eG b d dG Q dG
aG gOG EGh AdG id GQG AH f
gG
jQdG W
feGh dG
aG gOG EGh AdG id dG AH f
dG
e TdG id MG dG f
SQG HCG
SQGG aG G dG
JGh e G f J
FGG
e dG
G OG EG
H dG j dGh EG JG SG h SS
G GQeEG dG dG
jG-GQeEG dM
284
HCG
284
HO j dG dGh aG g
285
IjG SQGG GQOe
286
GQOG
287
AdG HJh J f LGJ dG jdG
````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
3-2
289
dG
AdG OGYEG gQhOh dG SDe
289
````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
4-2
295
dG
aG AdG OGYEG IKDG dG dG
295
Gh SDG AdG
295
WGG
295
SdG QGh j G
296
Gh G dG
296
aGdG dG
297
dG S
297
dG LEGh G iG aQ
298
dG eCG
298
eCG
298
aG AdG OG E GdG SDG
ff dGh jdG dG
299
````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
5-2
301
301
301
301
302
302
302
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
dG
GE d d AdG j gL
fGG SGQdG
e d G FGdG dG
e dG h
SQG
QG dG eh AGG
fGG SGQdG Ff
302
302
304
305
307
308
310
GQG
aG GQG
aG GQG M e e dG j gL
fGLdG GQG
fGLdG GQG M e e dG j gL
LEG GQG
LEG GQG M e e dG j gL
312
dG
313
dG M e e dG j gL
dG dG
dGh GQG dG dG CJ
GQG
dG
dG dG jGh SQGh e dG AGQG
SQG dG AGQG
G G dG AGQG
315
315
315
316
316
316
319
320
GQeEG dM
````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
6-2
321
321
322
323
325
329
aG
dG
f dG e e
dG ZdG
dG IQ dGh j gG
JdGh dG
dG e eCJ
LG GQhCGh LGG
````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
335
MG
337
GQeEG Y Qh QG ASCH Fb : 1 G
338
339
GQeEG SG Ff : 3 G
jG-GQeEG dM
CG Fb
HO SQGe G M dG IOL Q J :1-2-2 dG
285
2010/2009 HO SQG SQG HbdG Ff :2-2-2 dG
286
VG SGQdG dG e Q J e HO dG SQGG OG CG :3-2-2 dG
296
GQeEG dhO WG dG dG :1-4-2 dG
303
dLEG d aG GQG Se H fQ e :1-5-2 dG
305
(%) aG GQG e dG j gL je :2-5-2 dG
306
dLEG d fGLdG GQG Se H fQ e :3-5-2 dG
308
(%) fGLdG GQG e dG j gL je :4-5-2 dG
309
dLEG d LG GQG Se H fQ e :5-5-2 dG
310
(%) LG GQG e dG j gL je :6-5-2 dG
311
AdG id gaGJ ieh GQG gCG M dG TQh QG AGQG :7-5-2 dG
313
dLEG d dG Se H fQ e :8-5-2 dG
314
(%) dG e dG j gL je :9-5-2 dG
315
AdG id gaGJ ieh dG gCG M dG TQh QG AGQG :10-5-2 dG
318
gaGJ ieh dG gCG M dG TQh QG AGQG :11-5-2 dG
320
(%) SdG QG M e dG AGQG :12-5-2 dG
````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
278
hG G Fb
2010
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
GQeEG dM
263
GQeEG dM
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
264
1-2
dG
e G
a H d JGQeEG AdG OG EH
aG ebEG HjEGh
AH j CG Gg CT eh .dhdG
jObG e e V ``gO `e ``JGQ``eEG
LG ``a``dG ``a``J e ``` ````LGh
d G ```LC `d Q`` `gO Gh A`` ``dG Jh
.eO dGh
GQeEG dM
:ffEG dG
aG ShCG QWEG
dG UCG
ebEG
q d kGQe aG
hCG Gh CG
q
265
G G f aG jdG OJ
aG EG dG fCG EG . G
d dG G hCG dG dG fCG
aG h . dGh dGh GQOEG
ffEG fCG FQ G
LG hCG jObG G AGS
fEG Q J ie h T M a dG
dG g SSCG L h e
J e dG Qh`` h `fCG EG .ffEG
GA L dM CG CG EG aG gCG
Q Jh G ``e ``SCGQ ``e CGA ```j
J
G jL e
``e``bEG ``` ` dG ` ` ` CG `` dG aG
J hCG Gh CG d GQ````e
.fEG dG
FdGh QG GQ dG Sh
JGh e G f J Hh f dG
`` ```S ` ` ````SGh i`` e ` ` ``gQ``` ` ` fGh
dG ` Z ```dG ``a```G Q`` `J
OhM ````e ``d `` ``` g``` G ``e
g Sd ffEG d VQCG
EG L G hO CH dG a Oh G
aG Od f G ebEH dG
MG f dG CG . Gf e IOSGh
S d feEG e j H J dM
CG ``bh .JOSGh Mh aG
dG G SCGQ fe gCG e aG
Je CG `` ` J ` ` ` CGh `` G
.gdJh eG SG
IQ dH SSCG
I````G ```H```dG GQ`` ` eEG `` dhO J
G `` e e ad M
H
LG dGh dG eG G
dH ` ` ` h .``` f`` ` ` dGh ``jO``` ` ` bGh
`` `` ` ` G G`` `g I ` ` ` ` e G `` ` ` ` EG
e G f J G dG ``g ``HCG
OG e j G H e H h .JGh
j e Hh IOG GgCG d
e G - GQeEG dM
d dG
dG GQ``eEG ``dhO SG
H WCG WGG e G``L I d
edG SG e H bG dG g EG
e hh SQdG S WCG d
%91 ``F G``` H G e d ````d G ``` ` d G
Q`` ``` WCG O`` `` ``` 2007 ``` `d
e J e %100 jh . a 5000 SQGG
e FdG dG M SGQO FGHG
dG J f CG H FGHG dG
dG e hh .1990 dG %90
2007 dG %92 f dG dH G
1.03 ````b ```` G ` H D` a ``` J ``` T D`
` ` CG ``fE ` d ````dG f EG j ``
eCG f GQ`` eEG h .Q`` ``dG e
FG dG f f CG a ; e IQH
```TD` h 1994-1985 ` H I ` ` dG %71
dG g JQG 0.95 G H DaJ
2007-2000 G C G H I dG %90 d
fdG 1.02 G H DaJ TD h
dhDe ``dh``dGh .(2010 j EH
``SQG``e `` h ``eG ``dEG ``gh ``` ```dG
dhdG JG SEG JJh . WG d dhdG
TdG LCG J
dG
``dh``dG dG I e QG
dG SdG h M
1-1-2
hL
dG
DG
0.815
ffEG dG dO
77.7
56485
(S IOdG bG dG
(2008 eCG QhdH FGdG I dG Oe O d LEG G dG
71.4
(%)
90
d dH G dG e
(%) (e 15 e
0.002
8
G SEG
dhdG
Y dG
dG LCG
QG Y
dG Ie
dhdG
d d FG dG f
G dG dO
*2005
100
*(%)
d (%) (e
24-15)
dG H d dG e
d GQe e j jdG dG f
http://hdrstats.undp.org F EG IG
2011 / 17 jQH http://mdgs.un.org dC
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
CG
WGG
Q
e Y i
,ffEG dG
eCG G j a
e kGj e j
d G
d d dP G
aG EG
CG efH fH I b :QG
d F EG GgCG fH I b*
266
%5 GQeEG
GQeEG dM
G dG e
Y LEG
e G f
H , Gh
a %1
G dG e
Y LEG
dG
GHEG
I````G HdG GQ`` `eEG M
. dG i``d Hh G``HE``H ````gG
G G e jdG d e fL h
e IG G G GAGH G g
jQdG e dGh G ` G GAG``H e
gO JQG dG eCG IG j d
M VG j dG
e H
e I ` ` dG ` G ` ` G IAG`` H 67 S
bdG Gg hj M 2010 EG 1997
. 1997 S dG I dG d G G IAGH 18
ddG f dG G GQOdG M h
dG G GQOdG e %1
AGS SDG ``e dG h . 2007
GHEG J dG gCG hCG e G e
hCG dG ```G `` G
Gh
dG
dG e dG hCG ```HOCG
.I e GQ``bh gG J dG HdG
SDe ``` ` ` dG `` g ```gCG `` eh
jdH ` e``b ``` dG e G ``` TGQ ``H
ie
G`` HEG `` ``d GQO``` G ``e
H a IG HdG GQ``eEG
HO SDe J . HdG iG
adG e EG gGG
E d
jQdG e j d h dGh G EGh
j dGh ``` G EG d ``H```dG ``e ` EG
SDG ``e ``j```dG ``L``jh .``bQ````dG
SDeh GQ`` eEG SDe e ` G``Gh
eh IO d HO SDeh GQeEG GHEG
3
GQeEG dhO N
I GN
G SG
j G dG
fEGh IQGOEG
267
LJ e J e
e dG Q G ``gh SSCG ja
``eCGh QG SG
eG e SSCG
jdG b dG J QhO CJh WdG
jQG G dG IGQ H J GQ H
d h``dGh bEG G
``eA `e ``e ``j `e `` ` h `e````e ```e
Gh ````W``dG ``L````M `d dG
dG ` H ` H``d``H ` ```j ````a ``` `` `Hh
LGh jObG dG LMGh
CJh `` ` `dG A````fG `j ``Jh a dGh
. d jQ G jdG
jdG OQGGh f dG
jdG OQGG J H h b dG CG
G a .G FdG f dG h
gaGJ e H SSCG WhT f d CG
jdG OQG``G aGJ eh f j M
OG``G ``aG``J IQh``` V EG ``a```VE``H ``jO``Gh
I``j``G ``f`` ``dG d ``H`` ` `G `` G
h .`````G jd ``e ` dG G````SCGh
e SSCG fG g SGQO e H
WJ LCG e H a f dG f LCG
.LfEG h
j dG ``e jdG OQG`` G J J
. LGh jObG dG FdG
g jdG Ih ` dG d dhdG GQOE` a
dH g d SSCG ``aG``dG G
FSdG dG EG ``a```VEG ` jQ``` dGh
dG `` ``a ` ` ` aCG ``a``J ``` dG ``d``` ` dG
```JGQ`` `d `` ` ah `````G OG`` `aC ` jQ``` dGh
OG``aCG e Oa d j ``dG g . Hbh
OG EGh jQdGh dG e M G
Ih dG J H IOG gQ G
aG SSCG Je Ggh jdG
``HCG ``F`` EG IG CG efH)
.(2007 ObG IQG hh
I G GQ`` eEG ``dhO
``bh
`` ` j`` G ```` ``dG G`` ` ` ` SG ``
e G e J eh fEGh IQGOEG
` ` WG``Gh ``dh`` ` d `` ah ```dG ``` fh ` ` dEG
fEG IA IOj EG iOCGh Gh bdG
``dh``dG ``` SG``dG G`` ` ` ` SG EG ``a``` VEG
2090 JdG `` ` O``
a . `f `fE `d
2007 ```d G dG ``e ` d CG d
e G - GQeEG dM
G eh Gh edG G
G ` FGhCG e f dG ``HO edG
bQdG edG G `` GQ`` eEG
Jh dG je edG ``jG eh
```` Gh ```SGQ`` `d ``gA``` HCG GQ`` `eEG
ah eG jG dG gDG
e J dG SGQdG G
e eG
Me G gh . dG ZGdG d
.a dG h dG ie
jdG ``JGQ``eEG Gh dhdG ``ahh
dGh G``HEG d ``jO``G G ``e
IQh``` V EG J ` ` `d```gh .``` ``dG
G ```SQ CG EG .``a```G ``e``bEG
` a``Jh ``` ` ` G ``e``bEG ` H OQG`` `G ``` Qh
a .aG Ad j G
e dG j e CG JDj d `d
``eh ``dh```G GQO``` Gh O```G ``g `
e ``M ``bGh EG O```G ``g J
Gh MG feE d eCG SG
H G GQ dGh GQ d JGQeEG AdG
Gfdh dG dGh dG G
dG aG EG ddG
jQOb
H dGh GQH Oh dG j
.Se
G DG A aG GO bG
dhdG
ie S d e hdG dG j
AH aG ObG f dG
jObG `aG`` G :``g G Je ```HQCG
OQG`` `Gh ``` ```dG ``J``` ` ` SD` G `` ` ` dGh
e G f Jh G`` HEG f jdG
g aG ObG S jh .````JGh
dO b Jh . bQ dO jW
dG be `` J ` gh .10 h `H
d j dG hdG H fQ e dG
. ddG
H f dG JG GQeEG dhO
JGh (6.73) aG ObG dO
i j CG ```h . ``` dG ie ` ` 45
G ```JQG EG hCG LQdH `d
JGh e G J dO b
hCG JG GQ``eEG MG M (8.59)
M ``` . ``` dG 21 ```J``Gh ```H``
`aG`` G ``dO SG ``e ` ` CG b
6
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
eh SFdG Th `` G``HEG dG
d d ````f G ``d`` ``H ``` `````dG
bQdH dGh d dG Geh G``HEGh
G dG SDG e g Zh
j Gh Hg d ``j`` ``dG `` `J ```dGh
``` h .IO``` ` e ``` G``HEG ``eG``H ````V
dhdG ie
FGG e O GQeEG
dG I FL e Gh HgG d
.d dG GHE d
dG dG
dG e Gh gCG SDG OJ
GQ`` eEG Jh dG dG ` ``J
IQG h ``dh``dG C```fCG ``bh .I````G HdG
e gJ dG dG dGh dG dG
IQG `` i`` CG GQG ``dGh SDG H
LG hDdG IQG hh dGh H dG
. dG dG e jdG fEGh j Q
dG dG `` O gG j h
SDe H CG M e G OH
h . dG dG J G G
H ```TGQ I `F``L e `FG``Lh GQO```e I``
I FL hCG J dG dGh a d M
d jdG I FLh dG d Le
dGh SGQ d jG e h . dG
`` O `` ````e `` ` `````JG ``SG
Ge EG aVEG dG dG Jh
``` e``G `` ``H `````` ``G ``` ` dG
HdG GQeEG e Gh e G
dG dG h ``jG eLh IG
.f dGh d eLh
``` ` ` SD` G O`` ` `J ```e ```Z```dG ` ` ` ` h
dG ````dG ``` fEG E``a GQO`` ` `Gh
M ``e Sj h VGe ` ``dh``dG
dG a .I G FGGh GQOG O h
dGh dG G QG f
dG `` `` G `` Gh dG
iG hO VjdGh SdGh dGh
dG gCH `` h
``j h `` ` `G
.aG e e dG
O h IaGG fdG ``MC ahh
e e d 55.86 IQG dG G
e H e % 58.77 fh dG
. dhdG Q e dDe e
AfEH ``dh``dG gG `` G fL h
G SQ EG
d OQGG UQh
j
e aG
EG O G
e M bGh
eCG SG
feEd
Oq e dG Y
YGdG SDG
, dG d
dG fEG Ea
dhdG dG
h Ge
M e Sj
GQOG OYh
I G FG Gh
268
2-1-2
hL
dhO 15 dG
HY
146
47
6.75
46
6.69
GHEG f
79
4.9
jdG OQGGh dG
21
8.59
JGh e G J
45
6.73
aG ObG dO
ddG b
dG dhO
ddG
GQeEG dM
GQeEG M
79 G Y
dhO 146 e
dG De
jdG OQGGh
M ,( dG)
G Y M
f De 46
. Gh e G
Y EG j
dG IGQ
GQeEG dhO
dG Q d
e Gh
OdG
qdG j
CG
dG IOL
dEG I dG h
Sh QYH
Y d
h
269
d HdG aG j J ij
I h FQ e AdG OG`` EG CG
h .``a``` G A``` H ``` `` hCG
SGQdG
Ih ` h ``g d G ```SGQO
IaGG fdGh e G
IG
Ff
dG ``e A ` L f
` j``LCG ```dG ```fG```G ````Gh ````dG
id GQ```G S d ``HCGh ``HO je
b e H j eh JGQeEG adG
ij dG H G dG dGh
AdG HQ e ``Lh j dG
.aG
jdG GQ`` ` dG GQ``` ``H O```` `Gh
IQ dH JG
FQ H dG
G`` ` `HEGh `` ` ` dG/`` ` ` ` ` ` dG ` ` ` ` d``
GQ``` Gh ````G ` Mh QG`` ` dG `` ` JGh
H JG GQ dG EG aVEG ;dG
GdG ae GQe e I DG dG
dG ``e `e````dGh ``` FGOCG `````dGh
GQ``` Gh ; d dGh `` `bC``dGh
e `` G e edH JG LG
fh WdGh VhdGh JG GQe
Sf SZ eDj e a dG eCG .dG
e dH e d g d AdG
SCG dG j h aG
dG Q`` e d ``a```G ``j`` `J ``gh
dG ` ` Jh .``eG`````G ```f````fEG
j Jh Af g G H G
G ` ` Jh ``j`` ``H `````dGh G`` `dG
ae ZdGh IH Gh OL dH
dG G AGOCG J e
hdG dG fH I b :QG
(6.75)
dG j EG G JG g je
.i CG G JG eCG be e CG
``dhO CG `` ``j ` ` ` S ``e ` ` A````Hh
`` ` F``g ``e`` ` J `` `MCG GQ`` ` eEG
j ``e Hh jdG dG
M dGh jObG dG GTD
G AGOC d Se H dG Gg j
A``` ` dG OG`` ` E ``` ` VQCG `` ` jh
.aG G f d GQ``eEG
F EG G``gCG e dG Gg Tj
j e WC d F e G``gCGh
LGj dG `` CG dG CG EG . dH
j GQ``eEG dhO aG AH
`JO``L ``aQh dG ie
dG I dG Jh eGh SQGG
h
d Sh fCG
d
. G O j fCGh
e G - GQeEG dM
g d AdG d GQeEG
e O
j dG Sh . eCG aG
dG J j gL M G SGQdG
e ``eCG .IG HdG GQ``eEG ``dhO
SGQO a G```G dG j
d dH G ITG dG dG
M G jW Sh . dG Ve
e CGQh ` jCGQ SGh ITG
dGh a ``SQ``j ```dG ```SQ``G ``f```eEG
.G ah h a j dG
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
`` G e edH G dGh jG
G MGh G Jh j dGh G M
I G QG IOGQEGh b CG GG
e ``` `dG ``e `e````dG ` ` ``fh .``e``` dG
a e e fCG e
IOG g fCG M GQ dGh GQG
. Jg Gh JGQGbh OdG ad
ae dG dG SGQH fh
jObGh SdG dG j gL ie
IFdG G G`` CGh LGh
e e dG q
,GQG Y a
M GQ dGh
IOG g fCG
OdG a d
g Gh GQGbh
270
2-2
dG
aG AdG OG EGh dG dG
GQeEG dhO
HGH dG
d QdG
SSCG NGh
AdG OGYE
aG
GQeEG dM
e G b dG
e G dG
f H
jH G
e %90 WCG
WGG a
GS 6-4 S
271
dhO eG b dG f j
HQCG I je HQCG e GQeEG
.SQG b e Me e CGJ e
dh `````SQ J `` `M``e J h
j ``` WCG ``e I `` f ```g
H EG GS 6-4 S WCG VjH
VjH G WGG ```WG f
``````dGh ``a``` G g) %90 `` ` `WCG
e dG j d Hh .(2011 jdG
e hCG G FGHG ```SQ``G
a ``` ` `jh (``` S``` SCG dG
.I jO G S fjh GS
.GS ``HQCG I f dG H j
G````S ` e dG j ``g```Hh
e dG jh .edG jf dG SQG
dG : T EG TdG dG H
O`` G ` ` ` dG ``` ` `j ` ` M `` ` `HOCGh
MG e dG jh . dGh
e e
dG ` F`` ``dG ``e`` `e ``` ```dG ````j
LGh jObG dG J
`JG bdG h SdGh a dGh
OG E SSCG Gh d QdG HGH
eSEG d CG .aG AdG
I``b ` ` ``M ``j`````dG dG G ``
e a J e G EG dG I De
fCGh jQd i CG eGdG e e M
``e``M Q``` ` HGh ``j`` ``dGh dG ```dG
A dG d dG Gg JCjh .(1999 Q
dG jH GQ``eEG dG ``bGh
dhdG OLh jH dG SdGh dGh
EG . LGJ dG jdGh dG E
fh aCG f G dG
dG j J eh SQG e CGj aG
Q dH dhDG dG dG CG M
``b```dGh ``` ``dG ````dG J `` ``` CG
e bCdG
IQ`` `dGh G``HEG J `` h
Le bQh Wa H GG
dG IQb i Jj Gg h .(j d
``` LCG OG`` EG ` ` GQ`` `eEG dG
j Gh GQ dGh GQH IOh G eO dG
.aG EG ddG e dG
``dhO dG ``jG``H `` ```dG ``L``j
dG b ``e EG IG HdG GQ`` eEG
e dG Z dG e f OS M 1900
gh `` h`` ` G hCG JdG e ``j
dG H G a j J J
``` dhCG GQ``` G `` ``Hh ``` dG G`` ` dG
M MG g SGh HdGh IAG dG
a j
e f T SQGe AfEG CGH
We ``e Gh``L``g ``j``dG Q``` ` dGh ``G
G MS GWSGh G e jb
SQe hCG fCa .D`dD` `dG IQ`` Qf
SQG e
1907 e f T
UG dG HdG S GQ``eEG jf dG
e ``` j`` ` J %88 `````f `` e O`` `Lh `` e
Z e IG HdG GQ``eEG dhO S
GJ gCG G dG G WGG
GAME Wh .e G dG gCG
g Ea 2009 d dGh H dG IQG h
SQe 467 h eM SQe 723
eh .(CG 2009 dGh H dG IQG h dhdG
G``` TEG ` J ``` ``G ``SQG``G ` CG
CG EG ``` ```dGh ```H `dG IQG h ``e Te
IQG `` dG ge `` J a ``g```G
dGh ```e ``SEG ```H `dG G`` ``e OG``G `
SQGG J M WdG H dGh HdG
dG e dG a j j dG G
hCG HdG dH OG``G ``g jQH %50
j ``bh .IQG `` `dG `` M ``j `` ` EG
IQG ``dG ge J ``SQG``e g
G SQGG ge CG EG OG``G
e fCG dG G dG ge ddG J
G J jdG SQGa JdL LCG
jdG G J ``j `` ` EGh dG
e e S gh .G```gh
.2009 M GQeEG G SQGG
``SQG``G G``fCG dG Gd j ``bh
`````dG `` aO ``` CG ``` d``Gh ``g``` Gh
dGh dG dG Gg e IOS d
e GQ dGh GQG G j
``e``bEG ``e ``d ```H ````` ``` dG ``a``` G
CG GOL j Gg CG EG aG
d OGaCG ADg H fdG
``Z````
`` ``e IO`````G ``j``` dG
SDG `H QGhOCG a eJ VGh
G SDeh G GfCH jH dG
.i C G
b dGh H dG IQG h CfCG bh
``` ``G `` SQG`` G ` ` G``` TE ` d ``` ``
jeh LH ``SQG``G G ``dG d
dG
SGh .IQG ``dG SSh AGOCG
WGG e dG e IjG e GOG CG G
j Ge J CGh fLCGh dGh
GQ J G dG Mh e G d
jG J feh dG MdG
e
dG Jgh SQGe OG CG GOGWGh G
. H Wh jQGOEGh
GQ``eEG ``SQG``G dZ Jh
9
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
e
H IGhG f
M , G
e Uh
dG dG
fdG dH
Y %100 EG
2007
272
d e dG Jh GQeEG c
dG dG c Jh .d d i CGh
a J J fH 80
fEG Jh .SjQddGh HdG ie
dG dG dW e %62 f e
. %38 QcdG M
eL a d dG e G eG eCG
h``a ```dh 1998 `` fCG ```dG ``jG
e GH `` `Jh .``HOh ``HCG `r `JQ``eEG
GOGh dG :g c
` ` EG `F```Shh ````JG `` ` IQ``` ` dG
eL Hh .H dGh e G LdJ
dG J dG IG HdG GQ``eEG
h```T ` `ah ``dh``dG ``` `G A````HCG ``e
ch ``jG ```e``L E``a IO``
`j```eh
.
a WGG J dG dG
b dG f AfEG CG cdH jGh
WG d GQeEG dhO G eG
d eM SDe ` EG aVEG
WG d ``f`` Je J eG
ee J ``e`` `f GQ`` `eEG ``e ``b
O dG Jh I e jhG M j
.dhdG aG Ad jb SSCGh
GQ``eEG dhO G f CG Mh
``` CG `` ` a ``` ` ` dG ``e %88 ``` f ` ``J
dH eg G``eCG G eG dG
bCG 2011 `` Mh .dG ``g A```HC
J SDe 72 GQ``eEG dhO
id G eG dG ie
Jh dG dGh dG dG IQG h
WG d J ``e`` SDG ``g
eL c hCG fCG ``bh . Gh
eL e
1988 IQ``e EG
aG `` ```L``d`````dGh `` `` `d ````
eGh 1995 HO c eCG eG
HCG eLh 1997 bQdG c eCG
f jdG eGh 2003
d dGh G eLh 2004 HO
ha AfEG GJh .2005 LddGh
.i CG LCG geh ch e
J dG aG jb ``HO bCGh
``b``e``G ``` dh``dG ``` e``G h``` d G ` c``e
Hh . dG SDeh jQdG cGeh
S aG jb HLG 2007 ``
eL e ```dh``dG eG ``e jT
``` S``` ` dGh O``` ` ` b ` d ``` S ` ` H ````S
12
,2011 Y M
dhO bCG
72 GQeEG
SDe
ie Y UN
e G dG
GQeEG dM
13
AfEG SdG EG
eL SDe
eN
WG d f
jhGR M j
Ie
GQeEG
273
14
%61
J M .e G SQGG
je Jh SQGe %39 H e
SQGG L e %25 f HCG
e %42 CG .%10 bQdG J GQeEG
J j GQ``eEG e dG
A``` HCG ````j ` ` M ``` e``` G `` SQG`` G
%81 bGHh a dG ddG WGG
H e e G SQGG e J LEG e
``SQG``G ``eCG . ```dG ``j``aG``dG A```HC %19
e dG ``` ``e %58 a G
%22 WGG e j GQeE G dhO
AHCG e jaGdG e dG e %48 H e
HdG hdG e %20 h jdG IQ dG T
.HdG hdG e %10 e bCGh
jdG dG
```e ``dG ``` ```dG ``e ``` dG G`` g `` `j
jOG EG MG e dEG fH ZGdG
jdG O``` TQEG aJ EG ```jh
eG d G jh
dG O jh .e SEG SGQdG
GQeEG e a 29 jdG SQGG
dW 600 Jh dGh HOh
. 2011/2010
10
e G dG
GQeEG dhH eM eL hCG fCG
G e dG je e JGh 1977 dG
HOCGh eGH eG Jh .d
LGh ffEG dG J
IQdGh ObG f dG dG H dG
dG dG SdG GQ dGh jZCG
%90 jh .e G LdJh dGh
``dhO ``` WG``e ``e ```e````H G ``e
Jh ``WG``G `Z ``e %10 h GQ```eEG
H G ``d ```f`` J ```e``G
d eG dG e EG aVEH
h . dG je Q e d dG h
12457 eH
G O`` H 2010
%76 h QcdG e %24 e dW /dW
. fEG e
dG dG c fCG 1988 h
16000 d dG Je
J dG
ha dG dG dh .dWh dW
11
`` h M 1973/1972 `` e
dW 487861 h SQe 467 EG 2009/2008
FMEG ``g ``V``Jh . e 30205 h
. Gh e G ``SQG``G OG`` CG IO``j
Ge dG dG SdG G `j eh
dG aJ EG ```FGO ``dh``dG J M
H dG IQG h WG c h dG
.( 2009 dGh
``jCG O```d dG Q`` ``dG ie ` ` h
e G ``SQG``G ``` SGQ``dG `` ```Sh
d dG SGQdG ``jCG O`` JQEG
OG h . ``d b 176 H e ``e``j 180 EG
jQ d G `` ````dG O``
S 927 a VG G GdG
87 H IOj H CG S 840 fc CG H
e e SJ IOj dG g CG EG . S
G SQGG SGQdG Sh ``jCG
``SQG``G ` `dG j M ``dh``dG
e fQ H Ge edG Gh``dG e G
`d `` D` jh .``` ``G ``SQG``G ` ` dG
SQGG d d G bdG
dH
c dG bh . G e d e G
dG IOe jQJ S O IOj
. d dGh f dG G
dhO G `J M EG g c eh
e dG SG G hO GQeEG
jQdG `` ```S O`` h ``jCG O`` M
dG j J G O`` CG M
I``MG``dG G I``eh M S ``
JG SEG C` H bO 45 j J
O IO``j EG J 20202010 dG
FS g e Td G dG
O a j ``dG ```dG ie
IQG h SCG S 90 dG
.(CG2009 dGh H dG
dhd edG f GG H 2010
j J ``JGQ``eEG ``gQO H 43.6 GQ``eEG
c eCG QhO H 11.880 Oj e CG
LG dG `` ` `d ``e h
``gQO H 9.8 e dG ``` C``Hh
e CG (``c ``eCG QhO ``` `H 2.24 ```f
. edG fGG ``e %22.5 f O```j
fc ```dG dG fGe CG j G``gh
gQO H 3.6 e j e 2000
Z Ge
J b JGQeEG
.GS
18
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
QdG h eCG
eCG f J
GQ``eEG
` cG``e A````fEG ` ``e G ` H
hJ g ``c M QdG Jh eCG
jGH ``fEGh QcdG H eCG e
fEG O CG M a G eCG dG
M QcdG e cCG eCG
JG dG
dG fEG id %8.5 eCG f fc
h . G H hO d
Mh 1993/1992 SGQdG dG e GS
dCG 28 e `cCG J 2002/2001
e 6367 ` ` cCG ``M G OG`` aCG ``e
dG MGe dCG 11 fh eCG eGH
MG T G 10 e `cCGh SSCG
H dG IQG h 2009/2008 `` ``j``f`` `dG
. ( 2009 dGh
IG HdG GQeEG dhO SGh
f fG M eCG ie J CG
% 27.7 e (S 15 a QdG H eC G
Jh 2010 `` %10 EG 1985 ``
G f I CG dG O dG ie
Q j e EG HdGh IAG dH
. Ge
f fG
%27.7 e eCG
EG 1985 S
2010 S %10
15
16
17
` ` b ` ` ` ` ` ` d `` ` `` `dG Q`` `` ` ` ` dG
e G
`` ``Gh ``` e ` ` dGh `` SQG`` G O`` ` `H
``dhO i`````e ` ` ``` dG d dH
1973/1972 IG HdG GQeE G
. e 1160 h dW 40627 h SQe 157
dG h M JQG OdG SGh
h ```SQ``e 723 EG 2010/2009 ``` SGQ``dG
g `d``ch . e 23946 h dW 265431
Q J a `` ``G d dH ```V``dG
138 h dW 2977 h ```S Q``e 18 ``e O``` d G
,MUEG e
dhO G
G hO GQeEG
dG SG
OY M e
YS OYh jCG
jQdG
274
feG GE d dG M i``e J
` `Mh ` d`` ` dG ``` ` f ` ` `` ` J ```F```H
` `d ``c ` ` HQh ````` `d
.GQe e aG
GQeEG dM
gG
H dG IQGRh
UGe IQ H
gG LGe Y
d gj h
Y e e
aG
275
GQ dG AH G c GQhO gG J
AdGh c dGh dGh dG GQGh
jh .AdG id GHEG dG Jh
dhO SGQdG gG CG M e G
Td dGh LG d J GQ``eEG
L dh GQ dGh GQG J eh
Vh dG JG SEG G G`` gCG
.2020 M dGh H dG IQG h
``` ```dGh ``` H ` dG IQG h ` ` ` `` bh
ge ```LG``e
Ge IQ````Hh
dSCGh ``gG``` j J ```H dG
``` ` ` ` e `` e ``T`````d ``` jQ``` dG
``g``` G ```J CG ` ` ` `` h .``a``` G
Q```` ``H `` C` J ``` ` Wh `` ```` ``g``g``L
IQG ``dG cJ dG FdG O```HCG
d dH J Jh jHJ IO``e Jh
Q
h F GJh JLMGh
IQG ``dG JG SEG Gh . dG
e GMGh SGQdG G 2020/2010 d
gj J ``j ```dG `````JG ``SEG Qh``` G
LG IQG `` `dG `` ` J ` d``dh .QG`````S``H
GQ``` G ``j`` h dG OG`` Gh ``g```G
HcG d dG
j dG dGh
IQG d CG c dG MGe e Me c
j ah gG OG`` EG f LJ
dG dG gG S S e IOSGh
LJ H VjdGh dGh j EG
j
c GQeEG H F d j Jh
.e SEG H dGh HdG dG ge
J CH QG ``dG QG dG jh
dG OG`` ````W``dG ``g```G j d ```bD`e
WdG H dGh e SEG H dGh HdG
edG GQG dG e 2008 jj QOdGh
GQ`` ` G `` g ``g```e ``j`` `J `` G``J ``` dG
J `` ``a```G cGd ` `dG
MdG H ITe G GQe e
```g```G `` ` OEG ` ` QG`` ``dG ````j ` ` M
ge ` `e ````W``dG ``g```G `` `j`` G
aGh ``WG``G `` ` Mh ``` ` fEG `` `M
WdG gG L
dGh dG
Jh Gh dhdG LM J M G
fGh G``` Gh edG b SJ
G G e b fG i`` CG a dG
e SEGh HdG dGh WdG jdH
IQG h ``JGQ``eEG G d Jh GO`` h
.(CG 2009 dGh H dG
` cQ``` ` G `` ``G ```` ```H `` bh
OG EG S
dG fGG SGQdG
e 138 e fGh ``g d G SGQd
CG - HOh HCG je SQGe j
H EGh aGJ T d Mh G gG
cCG j
M .aG e e
gG CG
e G JG fCH %28 e
``jQh``` `dG GQ``` G `````cG ` ` J
f aGe `` %55.3 `` CG `M
cGe M JHLEG fch . `d
e
e HQ e dGh dG Q d gG
%53.8 h e
aGe %28 dG J
d dH eCG dch ( e f aGe
G ``j`` H T d ``g```G
f aGe %51.5 h e aGe %25.8
gG ad dH jCG dch ( ``e
```fG``L``dGh aG O``` HCG `` G``j jJ
.( G 1-2 hL fG LGh
`f``L ``e ``````f ``` VQ ``F``` ` dG `` g ` ` J
gG M SM d c EGh G
AdG OG`` EG ``gQhOh GQ``eEG
j ``F````dG ``g ``fQ`` ` h .``a``` G
fG dGh GQ```Gh QG
dG
`` Q G CG j (eG dG
eG EG OJ b H gG e J
dG Hh SQ h a H J i CG
.LQ h SQG dGh
G iHCG
QG
kf Q SGQdG
gG QhO Y
OGYEG
aG
g G
jH dG G
Y dG EG
e CG j dG
j G g G
jQdG W
GQeEG dGh H dG IQG h
`FG`` `d``H `` ` CGh ``` jQ``` dG ``j`` `J ` `
j ``dG ``JG``dG dG
``c``J ```dG
jO dGh G iCjh GHEG dG
.Q SGh
M G SG Ff ``` CGh
Gg CG fe j dG jQdG dG
j G dG f dhdG id LdG
``HCG a .``SQG``G L H `q ``j
276
GQeEG dM
eG CG H
g dG jf
FdG OG
, edG RE
W IQGRdG NOCG
FdG dG
dG GW Gh
F dG Y
Y G
SQG ie
dGh dG
e j e EG
j H gG
G gC
. jQ h
d JGdG I dH JG g G
IOSG hO jQdG
QOb fCG
IQhVh j G jHdG g G e
dGh dGh jQ d IjL J
j IQhV fCG
dG j dG EG
gc
dh GMEG f CG
j dG Gg c G EG Hh Mh G
J EG OD` ` jh ``a```e ``J``j
LGh ```fG``Lhh ae GQ``` e
.AdG Sf
feGh
dG
1-2-2 dG
f jdG
j eC G
2010 - 2009
2009 - 2008
2010 - 2009
2009 - 2008
2010 - 2009
2009 - 2008
* CG
2010 - 2009
2009 - 2008
jQddG
dhdG
2010 - 2009
2009 - 2008
jdG
-eM
e
HdG IQG h
dG h
2010 - 2009
2009 - 2008
e -
HdG IQG h
dGh
2010 - 2009
2009 - 2008
42
49
11
48
38
3
13
82
26
64
12
43
16
36
46
22
37
22
53
50
22
28
53
47
18
25
30
48
SQG HbdG
46
J j
29
56
44
e Z
e
2010/2009
9
13
27
44
17
10
iMG H
CG SGQdG
AGOCG UCG
G YGHEG
Y j
e LQO
dG e OY
RG eh
SGh
j dGh dGh
YLG
278
edGh SSCG dG c gG J CG
e d dG Cj CG j dG
dh EG aOdG OL WCJ g J
L ````M `J``f```e ``H ``a```G
.(2008 G
CG H
dG gG
edGh SSCG
CG j dG
dG Y Cj
e d
WC g
EG aOdG OL
aG dh
fe H
e d MG dG f
dG N
``` ` ` dG ` a``J ` ` GQ`` ` ` eEG ` ` `
dG A d j `` ```F `G dG
``ch .``a``c dG ` MG``G h G
``g```` h `` SQG`` G `` e`` bEG ` ` ``` c``dG
``` ` VGh ``d ` ` h .``` ``e `` `aC`H
h We SQGG QfG
.ac JGQeEG A d dG ad GQeEG
e dG dG ``aG``J Q O```Jh
JG h SQG HCc jOG dG
``aG`` Gh ``FG````c ``j````G `````dG EG
. G gQH
GQeEG dM
SQG HCG
iMG H
QM SGQdG
dG e jdG
CG dG
dG Y
Y dG
EG ddG
aG
279
Sj
Z jf dG MG eh e J
jdG Q M SGQdG Hh .dhdG GQeEG
`` ``dG `` ````J CG ``` ``` dG ``` ` dG ``e
a .aG EG ddG
dG
aGe e dG e %64.92 i``HCG
aG
gj dG `` ``dG CG
dhDH SMEG jd jh WGh
d dG h ( `d
`aGh %60.15
i`` CG G ``e ```G GdG ``e
J i CG bh ( d
aGh %54.92
%63.69 IH Gh QG E c dG
%60.15 G``d G j Jh ( ` d
` aGh
ffEG dG EG aVEG ( d
aGh
jJ i`` j ``e h .i`` CG ``e```dG
f `f``J ``j`` G d dG `` ``dG
d d j dG dG CG
aGG
G ``j h .%48.46 EG CG``dG jM
dG CG f ``` SGQ``dG ``cQ````G
je j gQ j GQeEG dG
SM H d
aGj
M jOeh
a e %31.46 JG c .%40.45 iS
G ``e ej dG dG CG
``eG``dGh G Vh jT Q H
dG CG h``j %42.7 CG ``eh . dG
j J e d aj dG
hj %78.5 E` `a ```` ``dG ``V``d``H
AH G `H `` `j ``dG Qh``dG gCH
.(j d Le bQh Jd e LCG
e G aGJ M i CG SGQO h
HdG ``` `dG ``c e d ``` b ` CG
FGHG MG e hCG dG d
gG g AGMG e ZdG
fCG
c aG G dG H
dG ``e ``j```dG ```g CG EG `` ``dG ` M
J dG aG dEG j dG
``dhO ````SQ``G ``g```G ` ` VGh H
cdG Le d j Qh GQeEG
Gh ffEG b dG G dG
a `` G J j `` ``MG``dGh IO``Gh
H h . dG g jJ f LJh G
SQGG IaGG G dG
SQGG J CG
e M dg
j d gCG A jEG e F H I
dch dGh dGh dH G
Gh dGh ``eCGh ``eCG Ge
FShh GhOCGh I```LCG aJ
Ih `
IQ`` `G gG eh A ``J Jh
dG Q g d dG c
cJ dG
f ``e IQG `` dG C```fCG c . dG
eeh S d ee SQGe e %70
CG Z .H dG fC d jOfh eh
e AdG gCd j d dG J aGJ
aCG dH dG g Jh J
Jh aG
e dG d
.jd IAG dGh dG M
IOSG
e G f e
G IQb i
O Y
jQdG
Gh e G f
FG G N e dG
aGJ aG GdG Q``eCG eh
W
e a d GOh I H
FGG Jh .dGh d FGG
J CG ```dG `eG```dG ``e dG
dG dG IAc aQ a j H
jHdG dG e J G``MEGh
dG O EG J dGh G``gCG e d
``L``Jh ````e IO``` ` ` SG ````H ``H``dG
e SGQO Hh .a cQ d dG
g CG GQeEG ie
FGG Od
d ```L``e I``F``L 126 ` ` ``j``j ``e
eh . ` `M```dGh I``` SCGh ICG`` Gh ``` WCGh
IFLh d jG H IFL g HCG
dG AGOC ` d e G TGQ H GM
S dG H d dG IFLh G
He FGLh H dG dGh h d
a d f G jG H Gg dG `` CG
M H TGQ dG IFLh HdG dG
H d dG IFLh dGh a d
d dG GHE e G TGQ H
f CG ``` ``H ``d`` `````dG I``F``Lh
jdG ``H S I``F``Lh ```LC `d
IFLh edG jf dG FGhC dG IFLh
d EG j . dG AGOC ``d bQdG
e ;e d LG HG e
Heh ``JGQ``eEG MCG dG He
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
FG G
e dG
dG eGdG
jH CG
IA aQ Ya
dG dG
GMEGh
dG e
jH dG
280
GQeEG dM
FdG RHCG
G bh CG
fC j
dH e
CG edG
fC f j
CG
dG FGOCH
K UGj
e G
bh f fEG
H G UCG
FYdG e dG
FdG
aG
281
TGQ H M SDe H dG dG
.jdG dGh j d
G `` CG `` A`````f ```g ``` ``dh
g AdG
``gOhO``eh FG d
Gfd JGQbh JGQe Jh Oh
j aG EG d d e
AdG cQeh dG dG aGJ e
JGQbh JZQh de
dG
``H``LEG cJ `` Qh .g ad dGh
`` CG `` F SG ```SGQO AG``LEG IQh```V
CG T h .A````dG
``j``H``dG ``FG``G
jHdG cGdG `` Oh jJ
j G``g
dG dG c QGhOCG H dG
`` ` `dGh ``e``` G ``d `` ````` ```dG
Gh e dGh Q`` eCG A``` dhCGh `` ``G
``` e ` EG ` F``` S``dGh ``` ` ` Gh I`` ` `SCGh
dG j M G G SDeh
eG G a Qj dhDe
.(2007
G OGYEG
e LM G jQJh OG`` EG j
I dG J M aG
J dG dG JQH dG EG
.``` SQ``G ``` ` dG ` ` O``` ` Gh A`` ` `dEG
j dG `` ``a `a``J EG GQ`` `eEG Jh
jG ` ` ` `e```dGh d ````G
H ````jQ```dG GQh`` `dG ``` J ``e ``` `` `G
L ``L``` ` MGh ``S````J ``` dG ``e``` dG
ah Gh HdG
G edG
J GQhdG g fch .SGQdG MG d
A CGh HdG dH dGh eG b
WG ie ``c``G iG eG
Q SG ``e (``SQG``G ie dG
LCG dG id MG jQdG a
.``dh``dG Q`` ` h ` ` GO ` jQ``` d``H ``` `` `G
O dG AGOCG j d eGH jQdG jh
GQG HcEGh SQGG Gjeh j
SQGe IO```b ``e ```dG jO dG
e ``Z``dG ` ` h .``a``` G ```` ``
d dG L EG G LdGh OG g
j Jh GQ``eEG dG d GQ``
g j a G Q dG cGd G
GME H G dGh dH e jQJ
jQJ FGWh G g G dG
e M EG `d
` aGh M dG
HdG H G LGj bh .%54.4
``c``eCG ``` ` c ``jQ````dG ` ` ``` ` G
e %68.5 H M SQGG jQdG
e jb jQdH cGe LJ fCG
dG ``eCG .a j dG ``SQG``G
%82.1 JG a d MG dG
SDeh fCG LJ fCH e
G e %79 GM iCGQh b M
aJ JJe CG jaGdGh WGG e
Q``eCG ``gh . ``` dG dG d J hCG
dG ``e G d SSCGh ``e``g
EG aJ dG dG dG Qh``H
hL fG aG AdG J
.( G 12-2
G ``H``LEG A``L i`` CG Mf ``eh
gAGQG dG JQb M HjEG
fG %63.7 ` d ``jCG ``e f H EG
gCG QdG Gdh ( G 13-2 hL
G H CG``dG cQe EG M I c
Jh dG j J Ge GQhO OD` J
eDG ``eh . dG S ``e S
EG Q`````dG G``g ` `f ``` ``G j CG
.SQ e Gd ge J
VdG ieh dG I dG h
` `ZCG CG `` `M `e `` eh `` ``` `d ```` ``dG
JGQeEG Z e Gfc cQG G
(GQeEG SQGe e G g c
cQG G e %.44.4 O``aCG a
S fCH SM H SG
d aq j `` G Gh``Lh d qdG e
h G %18 LCGh .f h dGh q dG
%50.8 ``c CG c . ` d ``H h````j ``b ```f C`H
G M d jQdG cS fCG e
e %21.2 `Hh ``cCG H i`` CG e
jJ h . e f j d CG
V ``e `` ``G ```j ``e EG `L```dG G``g
V fGh ```jQ```dG e G`` MGh j J
Ggh e V j ``dG O``G FdG
J H aGh M G HLEG JcCG e
q j dG e O IQ
%60
jCG G e `fCG EG JGdG AcG
G ZC dG ```JG HSG
14-2 h`` L `` ` fG (%70 ``e ` ` cCG
j h dSQ CG fCG
( G
c eh .e dH j fCG MGh e
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
AdG jW EG
aG EG
EG j GR e
, G e dG
ie Y AGS
FGW hCG gG
AGOCG hCG jQdG
G
SGQdG CG
d Yh OLh
j G
e H Ge j CG
IY SQ
ddG Y AdG
,aG EG
SG GPEG UN
L G
EG M G
fCGh eGH
QCG Y
bGdG
282
GQeEG dM
jdG j
, GQeEG e
,Q dG U Hh
jQdG e Y
e EG hC jh
NO GP iNCG
YLG feh
YCG
dhdG UM
dG Y
MUEGh dH
OQGG a h
jdGh dG
d eRdG
f
G e
e Y h dG
dG Ge
jdGh MGdG
283
G d OG E d dGh edG
G dG ` LCG ``e dGh Q`` ``G
.(1995 dGh HdG IQG h
````L``G 2020 ``` ```dG `` `jDhQ ` ```Th
e dG j d dG QWEGh SSCG
GQGh aH jOhe e J OG EG LCG
``` ` W``dG `````` `d `` e ` `dG `` `g`` ` Gh
dGh dG GQe J IQ e geh
IQGOEGh h jHJ gDe eh c dG
`` `fh ``jO``` `dG dH J ````SQ``e
J J H aj G dG Oe J
jDhdG G``gCG h .G``HEG
IQ dG
eGdEG Lh f dG dG j J d
dSCGh ge Q``L J G`` MEGh
j dG ``eG``H `a``Jh dG ```SQ`` h
M dG CGe e eG H dG
J a EG G Gg LJh d
HdG IQG h fEGh QcdG e d ae
.(2004 dGh
d ``` ` ` JG``` SEG `` ` G ```` h
VdG ` ` ``dh``dG `` ``M 2010-2008
```d``G OQG`` `G ` a``Jh ` M ` ` EGh dH
J f d ``e ` dG ``j`````dGh
Ge e Jh dG cGJ eT
L G h jdGh MGdG dG
ie
WGG e dG e dG
aGh gCdGh OG`` EG M e
c `` `gh ``` ` ` ` dG GQ`` ` `G ``` ` ` cGh
Jg
e dG S j e
. jG id gOLh IQhV G
CG ` ` h``` ` G ``cD` j O``` ` dG G``g ``ah
GQeEG dhO J S OG j dG
e ObG EG dG IG HdG
dG LddG IQ dG ec geh
` d h h``` ` ` dGh ``MG``dG `` ` dG gj
SCG ` ah jHJ je j J ` ``e
cJ IQ e J H EG fGh
QG``bEGh d GQ``
h d dG
dG Jh dG d jM f
SG dG dH gjhJh dG
QOc QG``bEGh e G Jh ffEG e
dGh HdG edGh H
eT ``j`` `J ` d``ch `` ` ` G ``f```e `` aQh
bh .ffb WCG ah G dG d
j J JGSEG G J SCG
dG jQGh eGdG e
g a ;dM M j G
j h jQdG c j J
j dG G G ``e ```fCG
dEG
LG f H edG j h dEG
EG ``a```VEG ```G ``e g H Sb aQ
I dG dG dH Jjh .JGhQ V
``` fCG h```j ``j``dG `` ``` `d (%69.2)
eh G e G``MGh j dH j
15-2
h``L `` ` fG (%73.7) ge J
bdG J d f gh ( G
QT SCG dGh beh g
G I`` ` f EG O``` j ` g : ` d``H `` ``G
j dG e G j e CG d
CG CG H j dG jHdG SDG e
HdG QhdG hQ jh ej e dG
EG Oj CG G G jODj dG
VH G OG OhO d G f G CG
GMH j a i`` CG H fQ e
SCG g c EG hCG SG j dGh
jdG h`` ` d j ``bh ?``g ` Z hCG
e Q``c``dG Hh ``JGQ``eEG e
O G i CG e EG A dGh jQdG
. CG LG feh
OG e jdG g CG dG h
dG aJh G OG E dhdG dJ dG
e d ``SQG``G ````S```G dG
LCG OG`` EG ``g d SQ
GTCG b j G e dh .aG
A JQGh G id GdG IQ ad Ij
jJ fL EG G `` ```VQ i
d ``` O``cCG OG`` ` E ``dh```G O``` G
. H WG
```UEG G SGh SS
H dG jdGh
jj dGh M EG SdG J
dG e dG e e jHdG
`` G`` G
``jDhQ A```V G
.GQ`` eE ` `d ``j``` ` ` dG ``` ` ` ` G ``` cG``eh
1995 d dG SdG h OQhCG h
:g dG S d SSCG Oe S
jb e SEG J Jh WGG HJ
WdG A````fG jJ ``LCG ``e dGh
G dhDG SJ LCG e dGh
dGh G adG dG LCG e dGh
Jh dG SDGh dG j d
SdG j J CH dG GQSG
CdH jh IQeEG jHdG eGh
`` ``H `` SQG`` G i`````e ` ` `` H`` dG
`d h ``` ``HCG IQ``eG ie
MGe
EG dH A`` ` JQG EG ```J `` jDhQ ` ah
edG G Q``WEG h .dG GG
J ``eG``H ``j`` `Jh ``dh``dG d
LMG eCJ EG J eh jQJh
jdG GAdG e IQ``eEG dG S
.(2008 d HCG IG
jdG `````JG```SEG `` `G ` a``gh
EG d ``HCG (2018-2009)
L
dGh dG e G j J
h `j```G ` ` CG EG ``HCG dG
HCG IQ``eE jObG jDhdG G``gCG j
ie f f GMEG EGh 2030 X
``j`````G ```aQCG EG ` H A`` ` `JQGh ``` ```dG
GQ`````H ` ` dG ``jh```d ` `d h ``````dG
Jh .``` G O`````bG ```f ``H`` ` `G
FQ fe S jdG JGSEG
je EG ```e ``dG AGOCG ``a``H ` ```J
aJh d dG a aJh
``j`` `Jh ``` ` ` G `` ``G ``` ```dG GQ````
S dGh dG hQ d AfG
aVEH SDG GQ`` `dG AHh dG
.jHdG dH G L cQe EG
.(2009 d X HCG
HO jdG dGh aG g
jdG dGh aG g SCJ
d 2006 `` d ``HO
jdG OQGGh aG b j J
dG IO``L `` ```dhD```G EG ``a```VE``H
e G SQGG IQGOEG e Jh . dGh
SQG dG SDe jW `` ``HO
dG b j d 2007 SCJ dG
aG g GfCGh MGe H SQG
.(2010 jdG dGh
dG SQG HbdG L jh
``` ```dG `` L`` IO`` `L ` ` ` ``` H``` e
Q``WEG ```G G``g Q``W ``bh . dG
``````jh `` HO ``SQG``e ``F ` j ``H``b`` ` d
``S```SCG J dG dG I``G
ie :gh SQG d dG GdG J
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
Ge G SQGe AfEGh gG j J
g h jHdG dG Wh SJ
.G Gh eH
d ``` ` ` JG``` SEG `` ` G A`` L
GQO`` ` `G ` ` ` J `` ` ` ``c 2020-2010
dG ``j``H``dG `` h````Gh
EG ``` ` ` JG``` SEG ``g ``` Jh .``dh``dG
d dG Q j d
dG :g Qh`` HQCG
JQGh
d d SQG dG d d dG
SZh e dG H dG dG DaJ
HdG IQG h d dG i``d WGG b
.(CG2009 dGh
dG e
,gO h dG
eCG j
iDhdG M h
k e h
QGhOCG
j
d HCG
dG jH
SDGh
h dG
dG GQSG
SdG jd
IQeEG jH dG
HCG
d HCG
2005
d HCG fCG
284
e j ```SQ``G b fL EG IA``` Hh
d G j dG Q SG
HjEG j G AGOCGh I``
.ac JLMG jh e dG AGOCG
Ij G SQGG GQOe
GQeEG dM
SQGG AL
dh LPdG
ShQeh MW
e OY Y
jH dG QdG
g KCG dG
G dG e OY
h e G
Yf f GMEG
dG bGh
dG `j`````H ``fQ`` `e ` ` dG
```H``dG `` gh ````G ``` ` S``` SCG OG`` `G
j EG dGh HdG dGh e SEG
a e J eh VjdGh dGh
c Sh
dG g G J EG aVEG
``` `J ```c .`` ``` ` LG ``gQ`` ` Jh
fGL HQCG SQGG AGOCG IO``L HbdG
IOLh dGh dG gh e FQ
dG j Gh dG IOLh dG G
IOL ie dch d SQG e J
.JQGOEGh SQG IOb
Hb d hCG `````dG ``j`` ``dG ``` XCGh
V fG 2009 dG Q dG SQG
d ``` SGQ``dG dG ie G ` ` c
``` ``G ``SQG``G ``e ``j``` dG ```H```dG
``` H``dG ``` ` ` J ``j``` ` ` e ``` V``` ` fGh
e G SQGG e J LMh e SEG
`` O```G ```JGQ```e ```
EG ``HO
``j``` ` EG ``` ` dG ``H``` ` dGh IAG`` ` `dGh
d SGQdG dG ie V fGh
fCG j dG c c .f dG G e d
j J W I e SQGG
j
a aJ
e JGdG dG GQe
jQG ``e ````SGh d i``c
c Jh dG
F dG Gh
e `` ` H ``e`` ` ` G ```` `J G`` ` ` ` SG
2-2-2 dG
2010/2009
e Z
17
G SQGG O
e G SQGG O
e L
69
37
43
30
285
3-2-2 dG
12
jH e
c eCG e
dG h HdG IQG h e -
61
dG h HdG IQG h e - eM
25
i CG
3 5
dhdG jQddG
42
dG AGOG LGJ
12
4
24
14
dG AGOG j
dG AGOG Q J
.2010 jdG dGh aG g :QG
(2009 d X HCG
H H dG dG H Jh
`` ` ` fG ` ` ``` e ` ` dG ` jQ``` d ``e``g
QG`` G ``cQ````Gh CG`` dG `` dGh
LG ```dhD```G `` h ``T`` ``dGh
T d IOG dG d IGf gh
.e dG jQOb Gfd
e jdG e dG d T a
dG e GQ G 1997 e SQGG
SQGG ie
d h FGHG HGdG
dG d fCG Jh . `W```Gh
` ` dG ``` J ``` dG ``j``` ` `dG `` ``d``H
J W ``a``Jh IQGOEGh dG j bh
d CG e ZdG h .IQG `` dG EG
J dG G GQG e
dG
GQe HcG e jJh
dG QaCG
H e GQ``` e ` gh ````b```Gh QG`` G
VGdG e Ea aG d
Zh Th j J j H j dG CG
b g CG c MCG e q e
b e dG g QGhOCGh GgCH h
. dH edG hCG
dG
``` eCGh A`` `HG ```d`` J CG`` H
dG ` W``` Gh `` SQG`` G ``` ` L
e fCa 1996 `` e ``dh``dG
H CG ```SQ``e 454 dG ``g
HdG IQG h ``dh``dG ``SQG``e ``e %92
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
.j EG dH dG e e dG
.( 2008 dGh HdG IQG h
dG ` H ``cG````dG ``SQG``e ````Jh
GQO`` ` `e `` gCG ``e `` ``Gh ``` dG
176 ``g O`` ` ``j ` ` M ``` ``` `d ``` X ``H CG
2010/2009 ``` S GQ``d G ``` d G ``M ```S Q``e
Jh IQGOEH HdG G dG jh
G GTEG
d h e G SQGG
Gf e aGJ FQ AGOCG GTD Jh
jQH SQGG g Jh .H G dG
dGh VjdGh j EG dG OG``e
IQ`` `G g d ```H```dG ``e`` ``G ``f`` `Jh
jQH J H d X ``HCG
HdG IQG h ge M i CG OGG bH
.( 2008 dGh HdG IQG h dGh
GQOG
G IQOH X HCG IQeEG eb
G EG e dG f
aG
EG ` ` ` h ``` dG ``j``f`` ` dG `` SQG`` G
J e H e d dW 10.7
G ``SQG``G
e G ``SQG``G
e G SQG d 10.4 dG H M
dG S c G SQG d 11.4 h
2001 H fQ e 2005 ``
e d dW 11.2 EG hh
aG g SC
jdG dGh
Y d HO
Yb j
OQGGh aG
a EH ,jdG
dhDG EG
dG IOL Y
dGh
CG e dG Y
dG d
edG GQG e
U dG
EG , dG QaCG
j a dG CG
j jH
e h h
MCG e
286
GQeEG dM
dG jdG e
dG f LG
GQeEG dhO
L G
j h dG
e
dd gDe
dG SD
G hO dG
j d
f G j e
GQeEG dG
QG e j
dG e
SQG
dG
SdG FGdG
MCG jH dG
dG jdG
dG f LG
GQeEG
287
f LG dG jdG
AdG H h
dG f `LG``J dG jdG ``e
dG L G V GQ``eEG ``dhO
``` ` d ` d `` ``gD``e ` `Z ``` e ` J ``j`` ``Jh
d G hO dG dG SD
V dG Lj CG h .j
:e `fG``L I`` EG dG L G
IQ`` EG ` ` ``SQG``Gh `` ``G IQ`` b V
SH ``` ` gG ``` h `` ```G ``` ` aGO
IQe Vh G dG IQ```e
hCG I``` SCG ` d ``c AG```S G``dG
i`` CG SDG ie
hCG SQG
QGSG CG c .e EGh LG
j dG dSCGh FG dG H G SG
d SCG MCG e c Q jQdG
j J EG d jh . dG L G
Fb ge EG d G SGQdG gG
dG h jG jdG
J j c .Q SG
G jhJh jdG e ah dG
gG d ``e ` dG OQG`` `Gh `jQ```d``H
Qh dG eh . H eG SGh IjG
e Gh Q SGh dG OHG
O Gh jQ d j G dSCG J
dH G dG GQG J
G Mh GHEG IQ dGh bdG
dGh GdG Jh SG QG dG JGh
``Vh````dGh `` G```dGh ` ` dG `q ` `Jh ````a
.GQG e d Z EG bEGh
j GQ``eEG dG f Gj eh
M SQG dG e ```JQG e
``dh``dG ``SQG``e ie ` ` dG H
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
IQG h
dhDG H J h SG
. dGh HdG
dG f LGJ dG jdG ``eh
i`` eh ``` ` ` ` dG IO`` `L ``S``` b ```W ``` ` jCG
OjEG j G``gh G bG d eA e
`` dG IO`` L S d `` `aCG ` FG``W
e ` d `` V j
Gh G``gCG Jh SdG jJ
dG d bGh je Vhh jHdG
.j dG OL LJ I Gh jHdG
``e ``` ` ` ` ` dG ` ` ` ` EG ``` ` e ````dh
cj M dG `LG``J ```dG ``j````dG
j a G dh dG
EG
GdGh ```G
``M `` EG `` OEG
e ``Z``dG dG dG GQ`` `J
dG OG```G EG `` ``dG hO-``` ` ` ` gCG
NOEG j
Y MUEG
G dGh G
dG kGQ
Y- dG
-gCG e dG
OGG EG dG hO
gGh dG
G jQ h
jQdG Wh
UEG a
ee
288
3-2
dG
GQeEG dM
ISCG
dG IG
YLG
dG d
dM Q
dG Y
G dGh
iNCG
289
G a jh Q j CG
Dj GhdG d dG HJ M
VdG Gg CG eh . dG gQe Q G
HdG ``c c f Iq ` ``H j
WG h ObG dG e Hh
f H J dG HO IQeEG e j G
d dG dG a AdG e e d
G OJ LdGh ICG``G QGhOC` H G
IQS SGQdG i``MEG q Jh .e H
AGQG H dG (2004 j EH S
CG jG eL dWh W e I c
dG gGe e ZdG
dG
dG H d dG EG dG EG
L d cQe dh Lh fCG
ICGG j dG CG h jh dG Ge
j H FHCG Jh HJ Gh``dG H
IQh dH ODS dG CG hj h aCG
. G Q ICGG EG
HGc TG i CG SGQO Jh
```d`` `dG CG EG (2007 ``j``` ` E``H
eG dG Gj GQ``eEG
I c f dh dG e IOGSG ZQ
eG LQdG
G j e
.Gh d dG OG EG I CG dG H
JG dG ``fEG f J CG EG h``Z `a
VCG GQ``eEG ``dhO eH j
j e I c f CG e QcdG f
H DadG TDe Hh . dG H dG EG
O CG CG ; dG dG 2.32 G
V a dG dG G fEG
.(2010 j EH fdG QcdG O
j QcdG H CG EG d Oj `` Qh
eh Gh eCG SDH jf dG H
CG EG ``a```VEG ``` dG dH j ``
e cdG dG j G dG
e GO`` CG c h```dG ``c```Th
f
Q``G SGQ d gj QcdG
LJ Q``c``dG H CG M jh .e G
. fEG e fQ H d aGO jd
SG e GQ`` `eEG Th
`` ```S ``jO``` ` ` bGh ``` ````LG GQ`` ` J
EG OCG ``j``` ` J ` ` ``` `J ```` G``MEG
aGdG FG J G```MEG
````S`````dGh ``jO``` ` ` bGh ``` ``` ` LGh
jdG OG g gS bh . WG d
ffEG dG ICG``G cQe IO``j
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
ec dGh dG dG SDe
e JQGh eCG LGJh dG gGh
``a``Jh I````SCGh O``` dG ie ` ` ` ``dG
H LG ``a``dGh dG j dG
ISCG QX jCG d Q`` G e ch .
dG LGJh f dG jGH e jhdG
ah G I G d ah G
j `` dG `````dG `` ``M```G ```dG
IG JSCG H e d fMCG
. G I IjL ISCG jH CGjh
``jO``` ` ` bG `` `` ` VhCG ` ` ` d ``` ` ` fh
a CG`` `H ``` d`` O IO`` `j h ``WG``` `d
``jO``G LdG CG`` Hh dG Gh`` dG
S dG g G OJ c SGh
jdG OJ d Ff e ch .(1998
` ` ` I ` ` H ` ` dG Q``` ` ` fGh Q``` Xh
H EG HdG G hO H f CG
X `` HCG ``` dG ``F`````dG O`` ` G %40
ch .Gh``dG Qe JQGh (2010/2009
CG dG dG JJ dG g d
h GQeEG LG dG
gh . GMCG GfGh SCG dG
I e fe H aJ dG dG
d ODa SCG AhdG e L gOj
dG a Cj dG dG aGJ EG
dGh da . J GHEGh J e a Jh
cG e jdH S h Cj IdG hCG
````dG `` ` CG ` d ``` j `` ``j``` SCG
h I G JLJh J fh jJ
.fj dG dG
``dhO ``` S``` ` ` dG IO``` ` dG ``cD``J ``` c
edG dG CG ` ` GQ`` ` eEG
g ICG``Gh LdG e c a Qj dG
d hh G fe ad MdG dG
ICGG M CG VGh Hh .e e fe EG
jObG fCG gG
eGG dG SSCG I```cQ
e IQhV f bdG gh
.ObG dGh LG j dG
EG ```JGQ``eEG ```SCG CG `M `Gh
a ``e efG G QGhOCG ``j``
J
````dG a .G d Jh
e HQ J CG e j dG QGhOCG
SSCG j G Q dG CG M
.(1998 j EH OG``L Ag L d
dH d d j CG FdG e Ea ddh
ICGG M EG
gG
fCG
jO bG
SSCG I Q
,eGG dG
f bdG gh
IQh
jdG e
dGh YLG
O bG
290
GQeEG dM
eGY gCG e
IOjRh ICGG
M EG Qe
jhe Ua
d eeCG
FYEG e
IjG e kUa
dGh dG
O bG
e dG Y
dG GQdG
ICGG IQb AH
U Hh , GQeEG
, dG
fEa
kG
dGh bGG
YLG
23
24
291
CG fEG H d dG e dG eh
%28.1 H M ``L ``d G ``` S hCG ``g
. 2009 dG Qc d %7.8 H e fE d
`````dG GQ`` ` ` dG ``e ``Z``dG ` ` h
``` `` `Hh ````JGQ``eEG ICG`` `G IQ`` b A``` H
J G c J fEa dG
``cCG Fda . LG dGh `bG``G
cQGh dG Ge ICGG cQe eCG
dG G``j h c e H dG
IGOG e ZdG h . LGh dG
a dG J je I``
IGhH
. d hO FM G GO```dGh
GQeEG VGh LdG I S GJ eh
.ICGG G EG e j Qc c
I G ``L``dG cQe ``J Oj c
a LG dG M e jSCG
e ` cCG ``j```SCG dhDG ICG`` G
dG dG QGhOCG J EG . LdG
j ICGG G LG AdG
dhDG g G J e je
Ia SJ IOj h Gh edG I G
G Q`` h ` GO G `H IGh````G
.(1996 eGh DdDd G
G ` H D` a``` ` dG ``` TD` e ` `H `` bh
``fEG O`` CG CG ;f dG dG 1.03
21
j S 20-15 S e dG CG c G
bdG ``gh .edG h``dG S f
.V G g H a G JG
e `` c ``` ` ` dG `` ` ` dGh ````` `d `````fh
JG CG C e GdG IOj VG
. dGh dG DJh CJ
a d hCG QG SQG X bh
QOG G Xh jdG dG M
hj SdG ch aG d FdG
e hj FQ Qc SQG
a dG ``eCG .dM e dH ae
M fa e Jh `j`` G ` ` EG Q`` `J
H ```` ` ` ` JQ``b `` `j CG `` ```SG
jf `d``H e ``` ``G ``j``H``dG
d ``e`` ``dG dG `````SD`e Q````MG
G dZ CGh .aGh a dG
e dG H aeh Ge aJ J
```SGQO Jh .``e ` EGh dG
dGh H d IG CG e JLCG
dG ``` WC G Ige ``` ``a`` ` `dGh
e dG j CG bh dG CG j d
22 dG TT eCG j e
j S `dCG 14 H e S `dCG
MJ ``eCG f MG
SQG
J W
Jjh .(2010 M GQh
dGh a dG dG e jdG IdG
QfEG fCG c . LGh aGh
G H J G CGh GQhO
E d CG
ddh . dG Hh FGT H
dhDeh feCG e EG SDG J
bh jHdG SDG G CJh gCG J
.MCG H jJ
` f``fG `` h ```F``` ``dG ``e
C``T `fC``T `` JGQ`` eEG `````dG Vj
G eh a h eGd HdG dG
. Jg G h dG FH
J
S MCG SGQdG i``MEG h
(2008 dG jdG h O``` G
e ``d``M j ``H```dG `````dG CG EG
J ```S`````dGh `` ``` ` LG G`` `ZG
eh SdG bGe
e VH
bG d f j dG WMEG
SGQdG HCGh .HdG WdH SdG
e ```H```dG ` ` EG ` F``` Sh I`` ```S CG
dG GZG dM AGQh G SCG
HdG dG CGh . dG j
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
ICGG eCG G j
GQeEG
CG b
QG d j
Y edG
QGh dG
ddGh YLG
aG EG
FdG eR
,f fG Yh
dG j
fC , GQeEG
,HdG dG C
a Kh eGd
Geh
dG FH Y
g G Yh
GQeEG dM
H
CG EG SGQdG
jdG e
j WdG
H eRCG e kYf
GQeEG dG
G d f
dG jdGh
bGdG gj
dGh YLG
,O bGh
dLEG h
a dG O
fG ,IaGdG
QdGh eYEG
QG dG
AYdG g dG EG
e dG
a K dN
GOYh G
dHh d h
jg R
293
dG
``` Gh . jg ``J dHh
J GQ`` eEG HdG dG ``gh CG
G fh . a h G jg
G
fdG cJh GQeEG d
f jaGdG f JQG EG J dG
(GQ`` eEG W dG ``e %88
e . WGG OG CG gOG CG hJ jdG
dG G dHh G G
J CJ ie Q H Dj CG a
.G a h d
a dGh dG
HdG dG
G j g ``eh
bGdG Vj LGh SS e
i CG d
c O G j M
dG VEG EG ODj G d Z
Hh G a
dHh CG
a
H WCG CGj M
fG g hO Jc S
J
a h jObG dG hO
GQeEG
SDGh ``c````dG ``e ``j```dG O`` Lhh
c gO IOj h a edG LCG
d cDj c .``HOh X HCG JGQeEG e
adG S OG``aCG eG IQhV
e GdG e i CG d e
dG a
WGh j G
```d ````J ``j``` ` EG ``` `dG CGh
CG EG ``` SGQ``dG H ```Jh .``a```G
e CG e f j WdG jdG e
G d f ``JGQ``eEG `````dG ` H
LG bGdG gj dG jdGh
dLEG h ObGh dGh
e EG fG IaGdG a dG OJ
bGdG j dG QG dG Q dGh
.IG HdG GQeEG dhH LG
QG dG f h e G SdG Jh
.WdG a dG jdG e CG EG SdG
eGH Vh ADg dd dhdG
G
J e
h
a JGQeEG dG H WdG jdG
e ``JGQ``eEG dG e J
j dG TdG efH HdG dG
iQ```T ``` ` `` G`` dG ````T```dG ` `` `e
eGdGh fCG d c dG
Jh adG cGe gH J dG
jdGh G a dG SJ G c GQhO
O G S MCG .dhdG WdG
(2008 dG jdG h
QG OMCG JGQeG dG d
e G
O H a d F SG
g `X ` ` EG FSh J dG
.``a``` G QO``` ` e ``e Q`````c IAG`` ` ` d
dG fG Z EG SGQdG h
I G
dGh ffG G
cCG ZdG M d edG
EG ILCG I S cDj e gh JbhC
FQ GQ````e gQ H dG
SGQdG SG e CG jh .a d
e HV I f I Sh IOS
e f dG eCG HdG WdGh eCG
dG H dG WG h G
LGj dG cCG dG CG jh .HdG
e EG fEG e edG c g HG
g e IOSG ch QG Q G
dG VdG dG SZ FdG FSdG
d ``e j dG i``d e J
a eGdG e AO``dG e G
jh JGQbh cQGe jJ j e e
` EG FSh Q SG EG . JbW e
e EG FGdG dGh dG SZ
QWEG dGh TdGh WC d LG
ISCG OL a JJ JGSEG
L i`` CG SDGh O```dGh SQGh
EG O S dG ibCG f dG g L EG
HdG G dG e e dLCG jM
H G SdG G CJ gEG e
.(2009 TdG
AdG OGYEGh G a dG
e IFdG G a dG J
G gCG e d GO`` I
G CGh dGh jdG e SEGh HdG
e SSCG G`` aGQ ``j``dG jh .``` `dGh
dH gG f G OGaCG aGhQ
dG
dGh ``` WCG Jh
VG X Gdh . dG SDH
ch . Gh G hCG JdH j e
G dG WCG J g SSCG G
bh JGO h G a
fh dG
Gh Ih dG J fC G jW
. dGh WC d CG
e J ``dG A`` ``dG a dG ``eCG
```d`` `Jh ``JGO`` h `````G ``a`` ` ` d `
AdG OG EG gQhOh dG SDe - GQeEG dM
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
UN
AdG CG HdG dG e j
H dG ``e j d Vj ``JGQ``eEG
``M``` ````dG ``` ``` ` LGh ``` a`` ` ` dG
Iah e SG ``eh dG G dG
294
4-2
dG
AdG OG EG I DG dG dG
aG
GQeEG dM
e hj
WGGh WGG
k L
M ,GQeEG
WGG j
b M H
d dG
dG dG
GQeEG QSO
e Y
,j Gh G
j G e
Mh dG
j G fEG
hCG dG e
G hCG dG
MCG ah EG
f dG
295
ah cQe A CG fS fC
.A dG bO ZQh H
SdG QGh j G
cQGh j G Ve EG dG j
` ``e GQ`` ``eEG ```` ````S`````dG
dG dG ```WG`` ```dG ``g hCG .``j```H
SdG dG H j ``dG i``G ``gh
dG jM e SdG j H
jMh G `` `d``H SdG AGQG
.a cQGh SdG G J
WG dG G a dG dG eCG
dj dG Q G i``e
jh
S d e G ieh G QeCG
CG ``ZQh .G OG``aCG b ``e dAGh
hCG SS GMCG H LJ GQeEG dhO
AfEH j dG CG EG d GO`` G
LG H dG G Gh G
dG IQG h ````Jh `````dGh `` ` ` dGh
e G ` Z ``` ``G ` ` ``` ````LG
L OLh fL EG G Gh
V d dG jMh fEG
hCG SCG e AGS SQ dG dG
bh .jHdG SDc i`` CG L e
G ``e GQ`` `eEG Q````SO c
` Mh ````` ```dG ``j`` G ` ` e `` j`` Gh
hCG dG hCG dG e j G fEG
O Lf f dG MCG ah EG G
j dhdG QSO CG c .(1983 GT
e gh CG`` dGh dG jM `F```HC
Gh SDG AdG
OGaC GQ``eEG SDG dG j
LGh SdG gQhO SQ G
adG ` ` ``F``b Q`` WEG ````V
j e
e d jh VGh
`` `` `M ``e ```WG``G `H
Ggh h a h jObGh LG
g G Gh W d FfG j J
j
QSa . adGh jM Gh H
jh WGG M j GQ`` eEG ``dhO
SdG cQGh CG``dG AG``HEG jM d
Gh G G A````fEG ``j``Mh
C d W G fCG ```SQ`` h
. H G G dGh
WGG
WGG e SSCG dG EG
e EG d j h W d AfG g
b M d CGh G e AL fCG OdG j
aGJ CG H QdG Gg j dh .fe
GMGh dG dG S O d
. JjMh b M fG `` h J
L WGGh WGG e hjh
b M H WGG j M GQeEG
CG `` eh . ````dG `````dG ``` d ```` `J ``` dG
a G g CG EG d de G
gV j ```dG ` JGh``dG `````SD`G `H
CG G j dG j jd edG
G S h .jhe d b M
HdG `` edG V j ``e E` a
ihj e G dGh
f bh. i`` CG dG edG e
dGdGh IGhG CG GQeEG dhO QSO
DaJh fC dGh ``eCG aJh LG
G e O e WGG dG
aG AdG OG EG I DG dG dG - GQeEG dM
aGdG dG
GQeEG fdG FME d ah
A````ME `d ```W``dG cG) 2009 ```d
S O CG Gj dG QTCG (CG2009
f e 8.26 f H GQ`` eEG
``JGQ``eEG G jh .2010
adG id gaGJ Qh dG e eg
jd ``aG```Jh QG`` G
``jQO``b Gfd
dhDG
IQ`` ` dGh G``d``H dG
.aG Ge e gh
Gh G dG
gCG LG `` ` gCG dG
ae Q H GQeEG I c
d e H ````jh h``` ` eh
```J`` ````eh `````G OG`` ` aC ``e``G
G J AfEG
``dh``dG Jh
``dG Qh`` d`` H ``` ` e `` f`` EG ``` ` ` Gh
j dGh dG J H dG
fJ dG aGh dGh LG
.SdG SDG H J dG QGhOCG
j M G G e Jh
IQG h L 133 EG GQeEG gO
W Jh .(2010 LG dG
e a G ``g ``eG``Hh fCG
hCG a dG hCG ffEG j dH j
dG ````dG hCG G hCG dG
.dG T hCG FdG hCG QGh
1-4-2 dG
jdG dG
gCG dG
gCG YLG
GQeEG I
k QYH
kfheh
k ae
H jh
d e
OGaC eG
Yeh G
%51.2
fG Qc
.GQeEG dhO AME d WdG cG fd ah :QG
2011 QjCG/je 30 jQH http://www.uaestatistics.gov.ae
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
296
GQeEG dM
dhdG CGH
Yhe
WdG
dG F h
LCG e UG
GMEG H adG
jO bEG dG
Hh YLEGh
Y aG
Yh G jg
H NEG
fdG
j
WGG OGYCG
dG
dGh SdGh
Y dGh YGQ dGh
k eY
j k S
j j hO
EG G
aG
Y dhdG
Yhe
j
,IjY
KCG d
UH WGG
H aCG IM
WGe bH e
HdG G dG
297
CG H ah
h WGG
.a G ``` CGh dGh AdG e
CG j fCG WGG e c eDj M
dG e e jOe G j
` ` WG``G `` ``e ```j ` ` M ``` e``` G
dGh adGh edG IQGOEG (%61)
dG %5.3 f H e LG
jdG dGh jdc LfEG
A````ME `d ``` W``dG ``c``G `` GQ`` dGh
f S GTDe G``g jh .( 2009
aG EG G `` jJ
dG `` ` ` ` ` WG``G Qba
LCG IQ``b e G c j e G
e jObG efG e eO dG
Gg e `` ` CGh .b G Z fhj
dG WGG OG CG J g
. dGh `` GQ``dGh dGh SdGh
dG OG````H ``` ` dG ```e ` `H `` `a
.262007 ``` dG %20.93 SdGh
Z VjdGh dH JG Ca
j EH JQe fSCG d I
S SfG d L gh .(2003
fGL H dG aO e
a d e EG G j h
c SG fH AcG e H
dG
TdG IQb
Dj
.aG cQ d
e I c f dG Q j EG a
gQ CG J jdG dG T M
e 2010 `` %34.6 f e S 25
.(jaGhh WGe dG O LEG
```LEG G dG dG ``g f ``eCG
.%63.7 EG a a WGG O``
e GQeEG jaGdG f Jh
.25%88 e j
G `H `` `J `` ``Z``dG ` ` h
a G jJ QGhOCG e I``aG``dG
G```dG ``e dM G``MEG dG CG``H
H d JQGh fdG cdG
he ``dh``dG CG`` H `` `a . ```dG
`` ``G `` ` ` dG ``F``Xh ``W````dG
dG G`` ` MEG ``H ` ` a``` dG ` ` LCG ``e
dG bdG LGh jObG
SSCG QWEG IO dG g J
cH j h G jg
aj
.fdG
dG S
e IG HdG GQ`` eEG T
X e JQG VG dG f
fG J dG IaGdG ddG f
%72.6) O dG edG e ``cCG
M G e fEa `d eh (2004
I``b ` ` WG``G ``cQ````e ```e ``` JQG
JQG EG VG j dG ` dG
%26 d 1995 `` %20.7 ``e
h`` ` Gh dGfZ) 2005 ````dG
dG eGdG ``eh .(2008 j EH
cQe f IOj JQG Gg EG OCG
``bh ``` dG ``` S ``` WG``G A`````dG
:e eG I EG JQG Gg ij
L Gh d LG I dG J
AdG cQe IO`` j h jObG
b ``e IO``L h``
```gh . dG
Vhh ddG G SG d e G
dG S dG ff dG HG dG
ddG f `` D`J ```dG OG`` CG ``e
ie
```J CG ``H ```dG I``aG``dG
.dhdG dG H dG MG
``dhO `` ` e``` dG i`` ``dG IO`` `j ` ` dh
EG Lj FHCG Z e GQ`` eEG
i``d ``` ` ` dGh ```` ``dG ` `gD` `G ``aG``J
aG AdG OG EG I DG dG dG - GQeEG dM
H LG dH e
aJh LG I eh ObG eCG
IQG dG QhO eCG .H F e ie
IgL J fEa LG j G
LG j G G J
h GfG e FbdG eGdG OG EGh
LG G LGeh aG
gOLh A CG OGaCG Jh . GMCG
I e EG aVEG M EG SDG
jC d j dG aJh G fG
FdG O G j c . G WCGh
j FdG d `` ` `G Q```` ``H
MJEGh LG fCGh eG L
I``` SCG `` gQhO AGOCG ICG``` ` d ``` ```dG
JLh FdG O`` G jh .Gh
Jh HGh GVGh GhdG H
aVEG GfCH MG ebEGh VQG
dch . MdG Jh GQjdG OJ EG
dG LGh jHdG fCG SEG
.dhdG d dGh eeCG j Q EG J
fCG G J
j ``e dh
JGSG
J dG jOdG
QGhOC d VGh jDhQ G dhdG ie
J d H dG j dG fCGh
I```SCGh ICG d eGeh eT
Gfj CG EG ` d ```H ``gO`` `J GQ`` `eEG
.dG aG cQe
dGh SDG e jdG fCG bh
``gC`Jh `` ``d ``dh``dG ``` ``Gh ``e``` dG
d F dG M ; h adG
e H J dG ``j```SCG dG SDe
J gh ;ISCG j Qh J fCT e
EG HO IQ``eEG j
J dG G
e d h dGh dG d aCG e
LG dG
dG `
I```SCG hDd ` ` CG Gh ;eGG
I```SC``H A`` ` JQG EG O```dG bQdG
AdG d eG dG AdGh
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
dG eCG
dG j dG fEG je EG
Je GQ``eEG dhd e G fEG e
e G fEG LEG e %8.7 H M
e j S GQeEG dh dG
dc dhdG h . d GQe
G ``e ``` ` SGh T A``` ` fEG ``e
``eD` ` d `` ` `eG ````dG ``` ` ` ` dG `` `cG`` `Gh
MGeh fGL H dG j dG
.dhdG ALQCG
EG Gh
28
eCG U
H ``` `` ``e````gG ``dh``dG gG
De HjEG OhO``e e d eCG
Hh c G ah
` `gG``Gh ```WCG
Gdh .IO`` dG jM ``e A``H dG ```a
IOdGh AdG bCG AfEG dhdG SJ
G``gCG j d ahh .G H
HdG GQ`` `eEG ``dh``d ````dC `d ``j`````dG
ah e fG a (2007) IG
H c %0 EG 2004 dG e eCG
.%100 W GTEH J dG GOdG f
edG G```TD`G e dG ``eCG aJh
``e```dG `````dG ` ` ```` `d ``jQh``` ` dGh
Ggh G Lh
T dh d
Mh FHCH dhdG gG j
```HhCGh ``VG``eCG ``e d IH
c
` ` dGh d JM VJ ```dG
EG ddG e e ZQ
cDj
.aG
e fG
eCG ah
2004 dG e
H %0 EG
dG GOdG f
W G EH
%100
GQeEG dM
dG
jYd edG
jdGh dG
SdG GQdG
SS
j e dhdG
dG jYQ
ka Kh kYLG
j k jQh
jdG Oeh
G eSEG
bNCG dGh
WdG GgCGh
e dGh
17 IOG
GC
Y QSdG e
eY dG CG
d SSCG
gh ,G
Me eG dEG
h FGHG
NGO MGe
O G
299
ff dGh jdG dG
``` ``` ``fG`` ``dGh ``` j``` ` ` dG ````J
EG d d H G j G eCd SSCG
hO J CG aa ;aG
J ``bh .aG j
fG dG V
``jO`` G `fG`` `dGh GQ`` `eEG ``dhO Q````SO
dhdG dhDeh dG b
cDJ OGe
dH f Q````S``dG J ``c .````
M WC d G dG J gCG
dG CG
QSdG e 17 IO``G ``cCG
eGdEG gh G d SSCG e
MGe ` c ``h ```FG```HG Me
``jO`` G `fG`` `dG fh .O`` G ` GO
f dGh HdG IQG h G
eGdEG Lh ``WG``e d `a``Jh dG
MGe c fh FGHG Me
Vh IQG `` dG
` ` LhCGh .O`` G ` GO
SGQdG gG OG`` EGh dG G
dch eCG eGHh feG fh
dGh G gGh SQGG AfEG
. G`` ` `TEGh ``` ` e``Gh ``` GQ``dGh
dG CH ``jQG ``dG GQG`` `dG Q c
h .dhdG SQG dG eGdEGh dG
J fGbh hdG JSO CG T
h GO H J OGe e
j b e dGh cQ d G OG``aCG
I G fGL ``e``fGh G
ef d G LMG h h
gh dGh WCG cGeh ;G
ISC d CG d HdG SDG e
aJh IdGh dG H Jh bQdH
G dGh GHE d SG G d
c dGh Je Gh dGh a dG
G``dG jJh d Q```dG gG ``J
d a dG jdG CJh jd jdG
dGh dG dG ``e
.GQGh gGG Jh dG id G
````dG ``j`` Q ` ` `` cG`` G `` g ` ` ` Jh
HJ e ` ah ``e`` 18-12 ``e jdG
H G q dG fCG SCG Fb
HcEG EG d e J dG
A````d `` ```G ``e ``dG ``` J``` G GQ`` ` `G
``c``Jh .``jO``` ` dGh ``f G``` G dG
c Q``` Gh ``c`` G dG
fCG
aH ```J``L``Mh ```J```ZQ d J
dG e GJ IQ eh H L eGH
GHE dG g Jh . SG LdG e
jGh HgG id GQ dGh GQG
.cGG fCG e e GAL Gh
G a ``eOEG
GcCJh
SDe J dGh gCdG
bQdG jeh ffEG j d dG jG
jQdGh j dG e ffEG e d
h e TCG dGh dGh
``e ````jCGh ``` ``G ``L``` ` MG
``e``G ` a``J ` ``e ` `d h Q```` CG
gG `` `J ```dG jQdGh dG
e
eh G dG bCGh
G
EG FSh dGh dG
GJ `` ``g `Zh LG ``e``Gh
FGhdc G G b e jG
. gCG Gh Gh G
`````dG ``j`` ``d ``e``` dG `````dG ````Jh
SS SdG GQ``dG VjdGh
LG dG j Q j e dhdG
``j``dG O``` eh j `` ````V``jQh ```a`` ` h
GgCGh b CG dGh G e SEG
j d edG dG LJh .e dGh WdG
fdG b dG f j VjdGh dG
`M `G ``e ``` dh . `` H ``` V``j``dGh
G VjdG G ``aG``J ``
G j J `` h VjdG GO`` `d
``dh``dG We G```e H VjdG
aG AdG OG EG I DG dG dG - GQeEG dM
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
. a
H `` `dG `` ` M ``j`` Q `` h
M ``j```M ` ` ``dh``dG `` ``M ``e``
` ` WG``G AG`` ` `S ` ` ` ` G `` e `` `` ` WCG
e SEG jdG dJ
AH Gh
dhdG fG dGh JGQeEG G d Jh
J dG jdGh fG dG S M
J e L Jh WCG M jM
SG e jMh SSCG J G
Q`` G ``` ` a `` ``` gQ``` ` ` H ` ` ` dGh
dGh G AG`` jEGh eG ASh
Jh .J ``eQ``` ``H`` ` ```Vhh
dG dH IG HdG GQeEG dhO
dG Q L
A dG M
WCG e ``fEG J M dG V
LGh ```f``f`` `dG ``j``` Gh `` ` ``H
``dhO Q````SO Q``c``dG H j dG f
.(1971 IG HdG GQeEG
GQeEG b
MGG e jdG
dG AH
G dG
d YGdGh
,AdG gC
jOG OQGG CG
feEG a
G dG
.jOG HGdH
dG jh
G , gCG
AdG
b Y f
ga dG QdG
.dG g
300
5-2
dG
GQeEG dM
SGQdG ag
ie ae EG
e Y eG
e Od dG
dGh GQG
fGLdGh aG
YLGh
dG SGQdG J CGt
(HOCGh dG IaGG SGQdG
e I G SGQdG J CGt
fEGh QcdG
WGe e dG OGaCG j CG t
SGQO Hj jdG GQeEG dhO
. G dGh dG dH
29
30
Y S
ah edG
IG f d
H dG IQGRh e
dGh
301
edG Y Uh
f d ah e dG
S
``` ```dGh ``` H``dG IQG h ``e I``` ` ` G
```e ``dG OG`` ` CG `` ``M``` ` jEG ````eh
dG TGh . dG J Jh
X `` `HCG ``` ` j``e ``` SQ``e 23 ` `
1375 dG e dG O
Hh .HOh
e I J 746 h G J 629 EG e
f Hh .``HOCGh dG J
%73 h ``f E G e %64 dG dG
``e ` aG``` j ``e ``gh .Q``c``dG ``e
dG dG EG dG SGQdG
.HOCG dG e cCG
dG Fd V dG G``g j
SGQd OG EG S CG idG GG
AdG ``e
GQ`` eEG dM
dG GfCG jdG e S 18-17
Jh .HOh X HCG je O G
e j ```f``c ````dG ``g ``q ` ` gCG
EG eG b dG jHdG dG
jT e dG dG fc fL
aG j J G dG AdG
hO dG ``gh 2011/2010 d HdG
dG f e cCG q dG S 18
.IG HdG GQeEG
ae EG fGG SGQdG ag bh
Od G cQG
dG eG ie
OHCH b dG G dGh GQ```G ``e
d LGh fGLdGh aG
.aG EG ddG J dG
AD``g AGQG ```L ``` SGQ``dG `a`````SG ```c
j c .H G dG M
dG
gh G SG Ff dG G``g
fSG GcQT jdG e dG e
FGQGh Jg G
b d GQ Gh
e d ``M```G dG `````dG
jHdG `FG`` `dGh SQG h ```SQ``G
CG fCT e dG j dG f Jg Gh
EG d d adG OG`` EG J
ShCG d dG
SJh .aG
dG ``V```j ``b ` ` dG h ``e ```j```T
CGh jG e f gGHCG dG AGQG
f VGG g M GQeEG QG dG
.a GcQT e TQh
fGG SGQdG Y
e d G FGdG dG
fG j dG edG d ah
SQG Y
fGG SGQdG Ff
WGG SQG e FG G
j SQe 138 e fe WGG Zh
dG e dG e S dG SQGG
SG H fGG G jLCG
Lh
bdGh dG e M FGQG
gjJ ieh H G dG g f
.AdG OG EG gO b hCG
GQG
Sb jW e dG GQe Q G
. LGh fGLdGh aG JGQe
GQG e ah IQe c bh
dHh .25 h 0 H JLQO MhGJ dG
CG OLh
GdG VG fOCG G c
12.5 g e dG id dG GQG e
LQO
Qh L
gdG dG
e kGN 41
dG Y dG e
UGh
QG dG eh AG G Y
f ```L ``` g ``` ``` TQh `` `f
J ``e gDh fG G 41
Gh dG dG e aeh
j dG gCG M JLJh FGQG A S
ddG cQ d gCJh AdG OG EG J dG
hj dG bGdG j h aG
dG dG G``bGh G Gg bJ fCG
cQG ASCH Fb ae d
.( G TQdG
aG GQG
GQe HQCG e aG GQG J
e G `` ```dG IQ``` e :``g ``` ``a
IQe HdG GdG IQe eh
.f dG G SG IQ```eh G `M
Gh 100 i dG LQdG fc dHh
.LQO 50 IQG e VG `fOCG
1-5-2
hL
H F MEG hdG
*fEGh Q dG
72.45
fEG dd
LQO UCG
3.61
32
31
QG GfG
GfG
33
QG
11.54
H G SG
fEG
Q P
LEG
fEG
Q P
10.72
10.71
32.91
36.87
28.24
0.05
hdG dO j
2-5-2
hL
e G
dG
LQO YCG
UCG
LQO
GfG
QG
QG GfG
H G SG
fEG
Q P
LEG
fEG
Q P
fEG dd
20.24
3.71
3.5
3.69
9.65
10.52
8.62
fEG dd
25
5.39
5.74
4.05
6.77
2.91
HdG GdG
fEG dd
22.22
3.814
3.67
3.75
6.09
6.9
5.15
G M
fEG dd
22.13
3.92
3.47
4.3
12.15
12.16
11.55
f dG G SG
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
302
1-5-2
dG
GQeEG dM
Y fEG b
L Q dG
aG GQG
GP hH YdG
F MEG dO
303
25
Lj b
EG aG GQG
dG dG f
dG j
G R dG
aG GQG
d H G
H aG a K
edG
e dG LQO
G fOCG G
12.15
9.655
6.09
dG IQe
e h e G
e dG e %20.7 f j h LQO
dG h .IQG J LQO CG
dG IMdG fCH IQG J J d e
(%0.4) V H dh
dG SG
e gh FdG LQdG
a G
d h.
dG LQO H J OLh j
iJ dG QG GfG b JcCG e
JQGh .IQG d H G SG b
G M IQe b e dG AGOCG
j dh HdG GdG IQe (6.09)
f OLh e jdG dG e
.jd IQ```G J V e dG H
fh LQO
H gDhGOCG JQGh
.LQO 9.65 EG d G M IQe
a f dG G SG IQ dH ``eCG
``bG M GQ`` `eEG ` W ` H `` `aCG
fOCG G e (12.15) IQG J Se
aG GQG G g ch . G
QcdG jCG fEG bJ a
hH dG aG GQ```G L
hdG J CG ch FMEG dO G
SG c M HdG GdG IQe
.LQO 6.77 fEG Seh 2.91 Qc d
dG id aG GQG V EG
``` ```dG `` ` f ``` E` H ``` ` M ` ` J``j
EG ` d ``L``jh .GQ``` G J HcEG
H SQG fCGh gG AH
Mh .GQ```G g cG
d J
dGh fCG Q EH DJ CG H
G M IQe
G SG IQe
LddG
q dG F d V j ah
:q aG GQG e dG
SG CG 1-5-2 h``G e M j
32.91 hj aG GQ d
LEG
b Jh LQdG e fOCG dG j
b e I dG QG GfG
dG Gg CG
fEGh QcdG Se
QcdG H aG GQG ie
dW CG M M jh . fEGh
LQO CG bJ M FdG LQdG
J e ZdG h .LQO 72.5 f
FMEG dO H QcdG
fEG
` fOCG `` G EG jCG j ```fCG EG
GQ``` G ` ` e (`` `LQO 50 `` ` ` G
GQG V Lj bh . aG
dG dG f e
EG aG
GQG cG J dG dG j
H aG a d H G aG
.I d IQhV aG CG Q Gh e dG
b dG Gg SCG Ea i CG IQHh
hCG dG a hCG gG W EG OJ
. dG e G FSdGh FG dG
2-5- hGh 1-5-2 dG e jh
aG GQG L V CG 2
ae IQ``` e CG Se j
``M
12.5 c e
`` ` ` G ` ` `fOCG `` G
a hJ OLh FdG XCGh .(LQO
fa GQG J eG je
5 S HdG GdG IQe VCG
.f dG G SG IQe fL
`` D` j ``b ````SQ``G Q`` ` ``` j `` eh
.G d dG ie
I c LQH
GQe EG dG f CG j h
HdG GdGh e G dG
J GQ``` e ```fCG
G ` Mh
dG H EG H
a SQG ` GO
````gh `````SD``c `````G IO``` ` G
g adG d JJ CG j
HS dEG IQTEG
e Ggh GQG
SDG fCGh eGH j G
. c gQhOh dGh
Ff E`a ``fEG ``LQO EG dHh
J j Q``c``dG ` Hh H h``` dG
QcdGh fEG H bGdG h d bO
c ``fEG bJ a .GQ``eEG
JQe h aG GQG
HdG GdGh e G e
G dH ` cCG `` fEG gG j
Ff cDJ e G``gh . e IOSGh d
dGh HdG IQG H feGh dG
. ``fEG i``d dG dG EG J dG
G fEG OG CG OjO G e j c
.eG dH
GQG M e edG j gL
aG
j e dG dZ CG `M `f
qCG CG jgG q S e SCG dG
HS d j GQ``b e jd e
da .aG aG d
CG `M `f ```` ```a```G GQ``` G EG
j G e dG ``e %26.8
EG d d j dG fOCG q G
jGH e dG e %65.1 Ljh .aG
e CG CG ``j``g``G cG f j dG
iG hO e dG e %92 f Oj
e ` ` CG `` ```dG ``L``j h . `` ` ` G
QW gh e dG e %8 iS dG
j dG jgG e e cG
.HG G e MCG
H ``j``g``G je Q`` `f e h
``JQ```e ``` Vh CG ` M ` f `` `HQCG GQ````G
e IQe gH eh f dG G SG
```Vh ``e ` ` ` aCG ``````f ````j ``e`` ` ` G
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
``` ``
` ` `d `` ``dG dG
ddG g j e Ea jf dG MG
I G W M hCG e G dh b
``H```f ````dG ``` H `` ` J ``cG``e ``e
d gG j J CG a dGh . d dG
d dG e J a H j GQG g
a . e j J G e Jh
Qe ```fCG
``LQ``dG EG I dG G``J
. Gh dG a OJ ddh dG
Oj HdG GdG IQe V CG c
e dG jQH gG V EG
d dG ``M``JEGh G HdG G``fCG
SGQdG IOH Je Ve Q
V h HdG f LJh
bh .a beh dG F e
``g```G ``` M EG ` d``c ` ` ` ` dG O``` j
GH d dG j dG SGQdG
``dG dG dG `` `f EG ``a```VEG
cDG eh . G e I c f J
F j HdG dG jQJ W CG
d J HdG dG ga ;`` G
d dG e j GOeh a
HdG GdG j edG JM
`d`` `dG ````e ` ` h ``j``` `d ````` ```H
d `` G`` ` dGh GO``` G ``M `` ``Gh
M IQ```e EG dH ``eCG .````eG
H ``g``` G IO`` L`` e ``` a ` ` ` ` G
JJ ddG J J CG EG T
d dG Cj a d d JM
f j a `d Vj Ve
MCH fSH EG G M
GQO``b
. Hf H j dG JSCG OGaCG
id f dG G SG IQe aCG EG
CG cDj aG GQG bH e dG
jQhV H aj dG dG
jOG GhOCG aH aG
d
g ``e ``e efG `` i h d
OGaCG e G SG e G FS
hCG SCG iG
AGS dG d
S G ` ``e G ie
J a aGJ dG cG JGdG hCG
j IQG g eG dh eG
c H gDe fS e dG CG
b ``` fCG M ``a```G EG ``d`` `d
fCG c ;aG e fj
EG i CG aG GQG eJ e H
LQdG G e
, dG Qe g
a K O ddh
Gh dG
IQe eEG EG
f dG G SG
dd j
b fC ,aG
Y kG De j
.aG SG
EG j
GQG e edG
iNCG
304
2-5-2
GQeEG dM
CG FdG H
dG ddG
dG OGaCG e
j gL
dd kae
aG
Ff AL
GQG edG
aCG fGLdG
aG GQG e
dG
aG GQG
LddG G SG
G M
HdG GdG
e G e
%0
%25 hO
M gL Z
(LQdG LEG e
bCGh %25
M jGdG
(LQdG %50 e
e bCGh %50
M QW
(LQdG e %75
e cCG hCG %75
M gL
(LQdG
%20
%40
%60
%80
%100
e
e G
UGdG
HdG
M
G
G SG
LddG
GQG
aG
20.8
69.4
60.5
7.6
26.8
56
19.5
34.5
44.1
65.2
22.8
8.3
4.7
44.3
0.4
2.8
0.3
fGLdG GQG
` ``e ``` fG``L``dG GQ`` ` `G ``` ` J
G``dG ``a```e IQ``` e :``g ``` ``a GQ``` e
3-5-2
hG
305
LQO YCG
66.77
LQO UCG
GfG
QG
13.6
QG GfG
H G SG
fEG
Q P
LEG
fEG
Q P
11.89
15.10
41.1
42.96
38.91
4-5-2
hL
LQO YCG
UCG
LQO
GfG
QG
QG GfG
H G SG
fEG
Q P
LEG
fEG
Q P
a Lj
25
3.57
2.91
2.67
3.2
20.73
20.81
20.63
GdG j J
a Lj
25
2.08
3.04
2.99
3.11
18.82
18.72
18.96
dG aGO
fEG dd
25
4.38
4.73
3.78
4.72
5.40
3.91
d dG
. G dG
fGLdG GQ```G Ff EG dHh
3-5-2 T h 4-5-2 h``L dG
H FMEG dO G G c ba g CG
e d aGdGh G``dG j J JQe
L e d dG IQeh L
aGdGh GdG j J Qe Jh .i CG
c M
dG ``LQO JQH d
``LQO 18.82 h 20.73 a SG
L a JQe CG gh GdG
. LGh fGLdGh aG GQG
ha OLh H JQG Jg J c
QcdG je H FMEG ``dO G
CG
`d e dG h . ``fEGh
VCG e g d dG IQe
QcdG
``fEG J G g ch
bJ ``fEG CG aG GQG
jCG FMEG dO G bJ QcdG
. fGLdG GQG
fGLdG GQ d e dG eG EG
a g hCG : SCG
EG Oj b
Sf Sj ``dG ``JGQ``eEG G
Jh WdG jdH G G adG
.GdG j J
`gCG b e
dG
SMEG EG Lj a dG dG eCG
b Mh WGc e CH
dG
aGJ M e dhdG b e J S
``bh .```d ``` dG `````dGh ```dG ``` ``a
g AH OL EG d dG dG Lj
SDe
e e dG id GQG
3-5-2
dG
IQe AL
GdG j
, hCG G
jYQ IQe
kGNCGh ,aGdG
dG IQe
d
25 e
dG LQO
20.73
18.82
G fOCG G
4.72
GdG j J IQe
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
d aGdG IQe
d dG IQe
306
GQeEG dM
dG Lj
fGLdG GQG
dG eGY EG
YLG
edG a dGh
dG GQeEG dhO
WGG S
jdH RG YG
GdG j h
dG j M IQG g SZ
dG dG edG jf dG e L G
H `j````dG ``j ``M ``` H S
CG c .`` `dGh hCG edG dG
dG LJ Gj dG dG
H SGQO EG edG jf dG
e a j EG GQeEG dhO
OJh . dGh SdGh dG J
a dG H ShCG
jQdG G ICGG
hCG ````MG a ```j i`` CG ``jO```eh
H G``gh G `H Te J
dH ` `gCG ````gG `` GE OD` `j
` F``X``dG Q`` `WEG Q`` ` ``` J``` H `` ````
IdG e CG c .A d j dG
;GQeEG S ahe j Oj
dG G H EG a
.GhdH Jj e dZ dG G Gd
dh M Me jCG dG ``JC`jh
.dG G IQh dH d
eG SGQdG QGb CG d EG j
e GMCG e j I d dH
O G e Ij G G f ISCG
e Hh SGQdG e ``gCG Gh``dG C` H
. G eG SGQdG
GQG M e edG j gL
fGLdG
Dj H
OLh edG
, dG f aGO
SQG GH
dP e
307
fGLdG GQ```G f EG dH
e dG e a %8.4 CG M f
e ` ` fOCG q ` ` G ``` `` `H``````G
EG d d j dG fGLdG GQG
e dG e %4.7 H e aG
.fGLdG GQ``` G ``g ``j``dG
dG IQe G e fCG M f c
jG e dG dZ
d
.jgG q S e HGdGh d dG
G``j`` jgG EG `` ``d``Hh
jgL dG ``HQCG e ` cCG
(%75.9) GdG j J IQe ie
``j``g``L `````dG ```f Q`` ` j `` eh
.(%50.8 q d aGdG IQe ie
e dG O H bdG e jh
jgG ```a ``` `j ``j``dG
dW fLa fGLdG GQ```G c
ie
a d dG GQ``` G
ie
jCG dh fGLdG GQG
M a . LGh aG GQG
f gh LQO 0
dG e %24.7
eh . dG GQG bH fQ e Je
``fEG E` a iG V cGTG
bJ IQ```G J Q``c``dG
bj
HjEG SCG LJh .FMEG dO G
EG d aGdGh G``dG j J JQe
edG a dGh LG dG eG
``WG``G SJ ```dG GQ```eEG ``dhO
e CG EG .G``dG j Jh jdH G G
GQG g eG AGQh j dG SCG
dH G e G j
GOL dhdG dH a .JGQeEG d d
jJh e
WGG fC d I c
WdG GQO```G
e JGd j J
e G dhdG FGhO dG d
H dch JeCG
j e
d GQO``` Gh GAG`` `LEGh `fG`` `dG
a gf G dG dG
Gh WdH dG d dG
dG ` H j ``e hCG ``e ```j `` dGh
c eG Lj b c . d c
dH SCG EG JQG Jd
adG Sf Sj ``dG dG
CG EG d aGdGh GdG j Jh dG
Hh ah X V hj Gg
J ``` ` ` ` SG `` ``` ` e Q`` c`` dG
IQ```e ``F```f A```Lh . ````dGh ``` e``G
SG bCG e e d aGdG
FdG e fa ;OdG G``g G
G e G``L I c f CG eOdG
j SGQdH e dG gG CG hj
``e`` ` aG``e %56.8 j ``` H ``e``j
e aj h (e f aGe %34.1 h
G j c . G ``g ``MGh
CG (e aGe %52.6 I c Hh
aG dG
W b jOG dG
15-2
h``L fG
dG ZCG id
.( G
b `` ````` `d ``` ` ` WG CG h````jh
G``dG j J IQ```e
HjEG `` CG
dG IQ```e
S fG `M
d ` ` a``` dG ````eG A``` a `` ````` `d
dG dG EG f h .V
4-5-2 dG
fGLdG GQG
d dG
d aGdG j Q
gj J h GdG ae
%0
%50
%100
GdG ae
gj h
aGdG jYQ
d
dG
d
GQG
fGLdG
0.6
0.5
70.3
8.4
0.9
2.6
22.4
13.6
22.6
46.1
7.1
73.3
75.9
50.8
0.2
4.7
%25 hO
M gL Z
(LQdG LEG e
bCGh %25
M jGdG
(LQdG %50 e
e bCGh %50
M QW
(LQdG e %75
e cCG hCG %75
M gL
(LQdG
.aG GQG
H
GQG J e dG ie CG a
``V```G ` ` fOCG `` G i``` J ``` ````LG
39.17 LE G SG H M c e
LQdG
dW CG M e LQO
5-5-2 h`` G Vj c .FdG
je H FMEG dO a OLh
. fEGh QcdG
5-5-2 ` ` ` ` d Gh 6-5-2 h`` ` G ` ` j h
` `dG je `H FMEG ``bh``a
IQa dG LG GQ```G J
GQG VCG e edG I G cQG
SG ``c ``M ``` ```dG ``` ````LG
gh `` LQO 11.57 IQ``` G d H G
HGdG iG e
H H G
GQG c ( edG jgG ie
.MGh G fGLdG
GQG Ff AL
H YLG
GQG e aCG
aG
YLG GQG
` ``e ``` ````LG GQ````G ````J
e ` ` G``` dG IQ``` e :`` g ``` ``a GQ````e
IQ```eh `` ```G dG IQ```e ``j`` G
LQdG fch .edG I G cQG
` fOCG `` G j `` ``LQO 75 i dG
:LQO 37.5 g IQG e VG
LG GQ``` G ``F```f A``L ``bh
```fG``L``dG GQ``` G ``e He ````
5-5-2
hL
LQO YCG
a Lj
69.84
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
LQO UCG
GfG
QG
17.43
QG GfG
H SG
fEG
Q P
LEG
fEG
Q P
17.47
17.16
39.17
40.06
38.36
308
6-5-2
hL
YCG
LQO
UCG
LQO
fEG dd
25
fEG dd
24.12
25
GQeEG dM
QcdG dd
QG GfG
Q P
LEG
fEG
Q P
6.03
5.73
6.30
16.8
17.34
16.34
j G e GdG
6.7
6.73
6.59
14.17
14.73
13.55
G dG
6.74
6.50
11.57
11.10
12.06
edG I G cQG
T d ````gCG
Q`` `bCGh I``` SCG
H ``` j``d `` ``dG ```V EG ``a``` VEG
G ie
edG cQG gCGh
EG . dG LG dG cQc
cQG IQe V M dG g
SQ
jQdGh edG I G
SGQO Ff dEG QTCG e e J GQeEG
G SDe a ie GTDe M
``dhO eh HdG h``dG H ``G
V XCGh IG HdG GQeEG
dG LG dG OGaCG cQe
.(2010 eG)
adG eG f AL Hh
a .HjEG LG GQ d
iG G he dG OG``aC dG AGOCG
J M bGdG cDj e Ggh G fOCG
25 e
25
22.5
20
17.5
15
12.5
10
7.5
5
2.5
0
16.8
14.17
11.57
G fOCG G
e GdG IQe
j G
309
H G SG
fEG
dG LQO
Q fQ e
dGh UGdG
CG ,Y G
Qe CG FdG
I G AdG
AL edG
INCe e
GfG
QG
G dG IQe
cQG IQe
edG I G
d J
GO jS dG
. LQ h dG
QcdG G e EG dHh
``cQ````G IQ```e `` fEG
be
G a d G`` `f edG I``` G
. aG
GQG M e edG j gL
YLG
HG e dG e %36.3 CG M f
hCG ``e`` ``j``g``L ` Z `` eEG ``dG``j ``e
H G LG GQG cG jGH
H G .aG EG d d
a %14.3 dG e `` G dG
jdG e dG ``eCG .jgG a
AH QW gQ G q j e GQG e
dG ``gh .%50 ``HG``b a ``j``g``G
d aG GQ``` G S `` aCG
Ggh .fGLdG GQG S
VCG
ie jgL cCG g e dG qCG j
.i CG GQG H e fGLdG GQG
``` ``` ` LG GQ`` `` ` G i``` ` ` e ` ` ` ` h
q j e dG dZ qCG M f J
jgG q S e HGdGh d dG jG
``j`` G ``e ` ` G``` dG ``JQ``` e i`````e
LG GQG
edG I G cQG
G dG
j G e GdG
%0
%25 hO
M gL Z
(LQdG LEG e
bCGh %25
M jGdG
(LQdG %50 e
e bCGh %50
M QW
(LQdG e %75
e cCG hCG %75
M gL
(LQdG
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
%50
G j
dH GQeEG
q , fGh
AdG Yj
IQe Y
dGh UGdG
Y G
edG hj
Y j gL CG
GLdG dG
dH fQ e
Gh YLG
%100
e UGdG
jNG
Y G dG
QG
edG I G
GQG
YLG
7.2
15.5
23.6
13.8
10.8
12.4
42
22.5
36.9
41.7
18.3
49.4
45.1
30.4
16.1
14.3
310
7-5-2
dG
I H IaGe GQe
25
GQeEG dM
jG M
,CGdG UCGh
M G j
d kG IdG
j g G adG
aG
311
20
15
10
5
dG
/
c
G dG
Mh
QG dG
dG
G
d
dG
F
GOG
GHG
dG
dG GQ
h
b GdG dG
CdG a
h
dG e
J
dG J
G
a
iGQ GO j
hCG I Q
a
dG f
e
e
d
V G
h
dG
W
dG
QG CG
e CG dG Qh
id GQG CG
GQeEG adG
aG GQG
Mh QG dG P
IQeh G
dG dG
dG
.aG GQ d
QT dG dG TQh Ff ``cCG bh
CGdG h h Gh jG e f a
cQ d AdG jgL ie M
.GQG M d dG Q G Ff aG
VCG e CG TQdG cQG cCG M
GQG GQ``eEG adG i``d GQ```G
IQeh G Mh QG dG Jc aG
jCG ``cC`J c .`` ``dG dG dG
VCG ``e d dG IQ``` e CG
Ff ``e ``d ``````jh .``` j``d GQ````G
CGQ ``` `dG ``` ` SCG ``L``Jh .Q``` ` G
G dG f EG TQdG cQG
O Gh O``G ``dGh SG a h
hO dG ZdGh fLCGh dG
.Gh jSCG dG SCG EGh L
```` CGh jG AGQCG e ` ``JGh
g dG GQ``` G ``g CG
QG`` ` dG
gaGJ IQhV h``j M
``gCG jCG
CG EG ` `d ``e ``` ` `fh . ` ` a``` dG ```
d G c G e GQ``eEG IdG M
Lh e aG jgG adG
.QG dG CGh jG f
``cCG CG ` ` ``j``` ` G AGQG ` ` ` JGh
dG g AdG i``d I H IaG GQ```G
`` ` bC` ` dGh ````dG ` ` ` Jh `W````d``H ` ```J
e aGj jCG Ggh . dG aGO j Qh
``LQCG ``bh .e d GQ``` G Q G Ff
cQG IQe
G dGh
dG dG
cdHh .edG I G
e jgG f JhJ g CG q f
GdG IQe g CG :i`` CG EG IQe
cQG IQ```e ``g``fOCGh ``j`` G ``e
CG
bdG e j h .edG I G
jgG a j jdG e dG O
dW 60 G``f``c LG GQ``` G `c
.(%0.4) e jgL Z 5 H e (%4.4)
LG GQ d ddG dG eh
aG jgH b h T d
e GdG g `JQ```e ``c``J ```fE`a
cQG IQe eCG G dGh j G
Oj `` Qh V fa edG I G
`````SD`G `````SQ``
```V EG ``d
f CG OLh EG . c G h jHdG
(%14.3) LG GQG jgG e
aGh (%4.7) fGLdG GQH fQ e
dG LG dG EG Oj Q (%0)
JG GQ``` G ``j```Jh J
``c``J
ie ` ` ``` ````LG ``b ` ` dG H
W EGh G `Gh gCGh ISCG
dG a dG e jdG
G GQeEG
g e V G EG eCG . WGG Z
a jgG a EG jgG QW
(%77.9) fGLdG GQG a LJ
.(%8) aGh (%63.7) LG M
jdG dG j ``d`` G c h
dG
SGQdG J G dG dG S J
H G b q J hCG : ``HQCG
fG `WGh aG M e e
IH Gh OLG jG d dG
f dGh ;( dG GH ````gG
dG e GLdG dG G dG q J
dG `` ````LG j dG dG
;(G``dG ``e dG q dG j H
LG dG G dG q J d dGh
G`` CGh b CG GG G``MG e
HdGh WdG AfH QdG d dGh
Gh CG``dG M e ``j`` G G``MG
HGdGh ;(edG I G cQG IOGQEG
M e dG dG G dG q J
```WG`` ```dG ````` dG `` ```dG ``` ` fEG
Y FdG
edG eG
aG d
fGLdGh
YLGh
fdGh
7-5-2
hL
dG r)kI
(5 (G 1 e dG /4dG vKG-
Q dG H F MEG hdG
fEGh
LQO YCG
4.66
fEG dd
LQO UCG
2.41
GfG
QG
0.34
QG GfG
H G SG
fEG
Q P
LEG
fEG
Q P
0.32
0.33
3.77
3.87
3.66
8-5-2
hL
e
T dG r)kI
(5 (G 1 e dG /4dG vKG-
F MEG hdG
fEGh Q dG H
YCG
LQO
UCG
LQO
GfG
QG
fEG dd
4.89
1.84
fEG dd
fEG dd
fEG dd
QG GfG
H G SG
fEG
Q P
LEG
fEG
Q P
0.45
0.43
0.46
3.86
3.92
3.78
aG dG
2.26
0.44
0.36
0.41
3.86
3.98
3.72
fGLdG dG
4.75
2.38
0.39
0.41
0.43
3.70
3.76
3.63
LG dG
4.85
0.43
0.41
0.40
3.72
3.86
3.55
fdG dG
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
312
8-5-2
dG
GQeEG dM
fEG CG
dO GP b
Y F MEG
L Q dG
aG dG
fGLdGh
YLGh
fdGh
5 e dG LQO
4.5
3.86
3.5
3.86
313
3.72
G fOCG G
2.5
2
1.5
1
aG dG
fGLdG dG
dG M e edG jq gL
s CG hj
Y f dGid
dG f HjEG
fCG EG , G
Gg GL j
S EG LdG
Y SQ h
bGdG QCG
3.7
LG dG
fdG dG
9-5-2 dG
fdG
LG
fGLdG
aG
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
%0
%25 hO
M gL Z
(LQdG LEG e
bCGh %25
M jGdG
(LQdG %50 e
e bCGh %50
M QW
(LQdG e %75
e cCG hCG %75
M gL
(LQdG
%20
%60
%80
%100
dG
aG
dG
fGLdG
dG
YLG
dG
fdG
dG
0.1
0.1
4.3
4.5
5.9
4.9
1.5
56.8
56.3
73.9
69.3
70.8
38.8
39.2
20.2
25.7
27.7
Se GQ M ij G CG dG
bCG `` H ``c e dG i``d d
Lj CG fCG e dG ``JQCG
LQd G `f``L ``e ````e j J
FG j J hCG
dG dG Q M
dG Q M ``LQ``d ` `dG fL ``e
X G f Lh ``eh .jd
LQO dG H FMEG dGO QG``a
dGh fGLdG dG G e gQ M
`bCG ``e aG dG `f``ch fdG
f Lh e e dG id GQ M dG
.( G 17-2 hL fG G
dG dG TQh Ff EG dHh
a `cQ````T ````dGh GQ```eE```H `` `
CGh CG``dG h h G e f
adG OG EH b dG h e QG dG
iCGQ dG dG CG aG
id I`` `H ``g``aG``J ````TQ``d``H ``cQ``````G
jG ae ZdG ``g adG
hQh ` e````````dGh ` W``````dGh ````````dGh
. dG
fGh j G e e dG
Q J fCG dG J EG dHh
e dG id dH SJ dG dG
GQ````eh ````c`` ```S EG ````````L``J ````a
HjEG e dG Ff L X
JG LGh fGLdG GQ d
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
%40
hCG iG
. dG
` ` ```` ` ` d ```` ````dG ````````eG EG
S EG J dh Ma G
``e``g G````TD` e ````j -```bG```dG ````VQCG ` `
Q H `` D`j CG ``H ``jQh````Vh
GQGOEGh ``g````G ``````VGhh ` `` ` ``G
G c j dG OLa jHdG
d H d
jQdGh gjJ
d dG j GQe J c S
.SQh
dG jg ShCG IQ Sdh
CGQ SH b ```` ` dG ```M ``e
`````S ````dG ```` ` dG ```M e
jd gQ Mh gCG ieh
dG
dG H egG `` AD` g `` C`a
EG HQ e ``LQ``Hh A SG hO
``dGO QG```a O```Lh dG J
a G dG J h FMEG
AGS G f ````Lh ``e gCG
LG hCG ````fG``Lh hCG ae `f``c
dG d CG h``j a fc hCG
aG OG EG gQhOh gCG
.( G 16-2 hL fG
ie ``M G CG```H q j ``e h
c ````e ` ``dG i```d ```` ` dG Q```` ` M
eG j
,keg kG De dG
j jh
S EG j h
a
c (``j``g``G ``
G bCG
id dG QM
d ge
q Y LQH
edG Y q Y
fCG
314
10-5-2
dG
hG LQCG
e b Ib SCG
edGh WdG
EG AdG id
G W
jdG dGh
a dG O h
fdG dGh
GQeEG dM
GQG Y dG dG KC
dGh
e b
fG dG dG J
:ddG G G d dG SG
dG ee I```SCG :I```SCG cJ
e I``` SCG hCG (A`` ` `HCGh CGh CG
IadG hCG dG H CG hCG CG Z
(IdG hCG
C d dG iG
C d dG iG
d dG SGQH ISCG gG
ISCH jOG gadG ie
G dG gadG ie
G dH dG gadG ie
SQG dG gadG ie
ISCG HdG dG
GQG
G G H e fCG QGfG XCG
HQCG g H e CG IQcG
GQ d adG ``eG `` D`J G e
G e
CJ h .GO G CJ aG
H fGLdG GQG eG GO G CJ
315
Q
dG
dG
f
A
Gh
Gh
G M
dG
d
IH
S
G
Gh
O
L
G
dG
J
Gd
G
G
dG
H b H G h
dG
h
d
GdG G hQ
Gh
f e
e
G dG
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
dG dG
AG G LQCG
SCG
e b
OLGh dhDG
gadG EG
IOjRh dGh
,dG Y OYG
dG fh
dG
TdG IOLe b
. dG H
J I``b ``````SCG h``````G ```LQCG ``bh
G W EG A``````dG i```d ```` `dG
cdGh a dG OJh jdG dGh
J e dZ eG g ch fdG
c j G e edGh WdG b
````Z``dGh dG SM EG ``L``J
.bGdG IGQh GdG EG
hG ij dG dG EG dHh
id V dG ````TQh cQG
``d``d ``g``aG``J IQh````Vh A``````dG
ae b ZCG fCG aG
dG aG GQ````G
dH DJ
Q`````` G ````````f ```` ` L ``````````V ````X
VCG e CG hG iCGQ a .e dG
H J dG J AdG id dG
d SGh IH Gh OLGh dhDG
b ``gh ;G`````HEGh ` `G hQh ``````dG
``LQ``d``H `` D` Jh ````G ``````H ```J``J
LQCG bh .aG GQG
hCG
EG ```` `dG ` `J V ``````SCG AG```G
O`````` G IO```j h ```dGh gadG
``dG dG dG `` `fh ```dG
dG Wh I``H`` `Gh ``G hQ Sj
fL EG ``` EGh I````SCG QhO Vh
Vh IQO````Gh aG hQ G````fG
.edG fCG
dGh GQG cG e e
g CG M e g Q`` dh .SSCG
G G
a G c J
q gCG
g d fCG CG e dG H gf Q dG
dGh GQG cG LQd IOG gMh
j Ggh %9.5 h 2.6 H g CJ hGJ EG
q J i`` CG eG g CG
.( H 26-2 hL fG e dG
gadG `` CG A G cdH ``j``G ``eh
dGh GQG
G dG dG
e dhdG dJ ZdG
AdG i``d
`` dGh ` f``G ` `d ``` ```d `` ` `fEGh O``` L
fhdEGh edG G QfG j
g Zh a dG fLGh dG VQeh
a IOSG EG d jh .ddG e
EG hCG ddG g e adG Z i`` CG
ddG ` `J ````gC A````dG GQOEG ``
. hdGh
GQG eG GO G ` C`J G e Dj
.( H 25-2 hL fG LG
DJ dG dG dG dHh
CG G GQ d AdG eG
dG gadGh ISCG HdG dG
GQG eG
HjEG G Dj G
SGQOh d dH I``` SCG ga .`` ` `dG
jdGdG eJ ``Wh G dG SCGh
Hh Je e aJ fL EG d dG e
j T GhOCGh dGh dG
gadG CG a dGh .GQG
eG
d dG eG
S DJ ISC d jOG
dG CG Gg j bh .aG GQ d
eH ```fG``bCG e e `Z ``a``G
gadG CG j c . dG h aG
GQ````G ` ` `` D``J ``` SQ``G ````` ```dG
`f``c ``` `c ` `fCG ```
` ` ` d ``` fG``L``dG
d Ea H L J c ICe SQG
dG j Jh G``d``H G``` G EG OD```S
. d aGdG jj IQh dHh
CG FdG H
H dG dG
dG gadGh
aN) G
(jOG ga d
kHjEG GKDj
aG GQG
dG
CGQ ``a```e EG `d`` `dG ``````SG ``g
G hCG ````SQ``G `````dG ```e ``dG
EG S ```jCGQ ieh H G
F G dG d aGJ fc G EG e ae
``a```G ```` `` dh ```d````H g d
. h
SQG dG AGQG
d dG ``b ` CG SG Ff H
``eEG qJ ZCa ```q `W ``e``` ```SQ````H
e M EG aGG hCG e aGG f
aJ M e AGS IQcG HjEG dG
e e aGJ hCG d IL d SQG
.SQG GO dG b dG
e dG CG cDd dG ``H``LEG A``L
LG ``Lh Se ``H``J ``` j
M e e W b H Hj L
aGh c CG``dG d
%71.4 e
`aGh
``b ` O`` Lh ` `
` ` dG ``e %75 ``e``
d dG d j F e e W
`` `eCGh ``MG``d``H Q`````dGh dH OG`` G
SQG e %75 f e `aGhh .SQG
W ``b ` O``Lh
fSG ``j``dG
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
edG CG CG
SQH W QG
e OLhh
Se FY
316
9-5-2
hL
GQeEG dM
e aGhCG
aGhCG
e q M EG aGhCG
2.1
7.2
63.3
27.4
5.5
9.6
45.1
39.8
4.3
8.9
34.5
52.3
1.7
3.7
23.2
71.4
1.4
3.4
20.2
75
4.5
6.6
37
51.9
e %29.8
Gh CG G
jQhO GA d OLh
QeCG AdhCH
QeCG M UG d
dG
aGhCG
dH SGQqdG OGG a SCG -CG
a q dGh dG W ZQ SQG q J SQG eCGh MGdH TCG -
( Oe GMG JJSCG e W b
SQG J e /F e e q W b
d
q -O
-
Gq L GOG EG d SQG qJ -h
.J e M cQG dh h
`` ```H```jG ```e ``dG AGQG CG ` M ` fh
dG dG dG e c SQG
LQdH e aGhCG a ZCG cq J EG
c a . e M EG aGhCG a q hCG
H SQG ` GO aGJ `fCG dG
I ````SQ``e IO``` ``aG``J ` `e e d
M EG aGe %27.1 h e aGe %61.1
%55.8 H
dG HLEG MhGJ c (e
(e M EG aGe %34.8 h e aGe
OLh dG XCGh . dG dG aGJ
d LGh dG j dH gG
e dG e %52.3 e ` aGh M
OLh
%47.5 h LG TG O``L h
JQGh . dG Hh H Oe GMGh
e aG d %82.8 EG dG J
A``` dhCGh G `H O````G G`` MG O``Lh
aGG J dG CG fch .Q``eCG
G e OG G``MG OLh
e
hj ``bh .%91.9 EG h M ``j`` G
GQ``eEG dG a X e Gg
fch . dG G``MGh QG SH J dG
G GJ V g d a dG HLEG
Fe e CGdG Od QeCG AdhCG e
G e %29.8 f f M
dG
18-2
hL fG Qh``dG A dG Gg OLh
AHG e I c f CG j ( G
AHCG ie
b d G e GJ
10-5-2
hL
EG aGhCG
e q M
aGhCG
aGhCG
e
55.8
34.8
6.2
3.2
59.3
30.2
7.5
61.1
27.1
7.8
52
32
11
FQ dG HhCG V q M SQG q J -O
57.4
29.9
8.5
4.2
52.3
27.7
12.3
7.7
47.5
27.5
13.4
11.6
40.4
34.3
15.6
9.7
317
aGhCG
I
LG ce q M
q dG J e q M
e dG I LG Te SQG Lj -h
11-5-2
dG
e H
I H Iae H
25
20
15
10
5
J H
e a
G d G J
H
d IGh dG a
G
G
CG J H
a
dH SJ
G
Q
dG H
d
S
j
eh
H
G
j
d jOe
e
H
a G M
a
J
H
j
Q
d
a
G
W M J
H
G
a
J
H
dG
G d G
jQ
h
Gi
SG
a J
e d eh jOe aGMh aG a
T d dG MJEH aG
MdG
AGS H e hOh f eG d
dG jW LQ hCG GQ``eEG ` GO
d dG FSdG aJh SGQdG
Oj dG dG g O``Lhh .e G
e jd e H g aJ dhdG O
TQdG ``cQ````G Q``` TCGh .``jO``e GQ``b
WMEG aJ H V dG `cCG e CG
dG GLQCGh
d LGh dG
e IO`` j h ``` SCG dG EG ` d
G dGh jObG eGdGh dGh AG dG
.GQeE d jdG LG
jGh QG dG CG AGQG EG dHh
``` ` ` dG ` ` ` `dG AGQGh ` ` ` dG ``` TQ``H
dG dG CG SG dG
H aGJ IQhV J d IaGe
jQdG Wh GhOCGh gG ac i CG
IQO dG ``jQGOEGh dG dGh IQ G
CG A````dG i``d GQ``` G J
dGh dG dG H ZJ g j
d j SSCG J aJ dG dG
Jh d aG a fh I G ie
.aG EG ddG
adG
dG ``M G CGQ SG h
e SQG ` GO d d MG dG
IaG dG GdGh FSdG M
ee O`` Lh ` ` %82.4 ` ` JG ``SQ``` ` d
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
.dG F CG
HG e dG f ```Lh Jh
jdG TQdG cQG jG CGQ e
dG F CG OLh V OLh GhbCG
cGe OLh EG d Ojh . LGh
GQSG aJ gDe jH QOG``ch jQJ
Gg ```j ``bh .e d LGh f
EG dG F C d dH CGdG
/ dh SQe c LG F CG CG
G f G c A dG j dh g QhO d
``bG``dGh .```SQ``e d ``MGh F CG d
h jf dG ```SQ``G Me e dG CG
EG LH dGh G dG Me
J e dG aGjh j e
jh SCG jh gj b bjh
j H AGQG O```Jh T dGh QG`` G a
Gfj CG EG ``gO`` `j `` eh
a adG j d
SJ ffEG bh j J GQeh GQ H
.aG h
```TQ``dG `cQ````G E``a `` Hh
J F e H g CG EG GhQTCG
``e``G ` `e ``e ``j`` Q `a``J
dG IQG h e J dG L dGh FbdG
HH dG I``FGOh d X ``HCG gh
O OLH aG
d Hh
Gh e G SDGh dG e c
J CG ```dG dG `fG````H J
edG CG
hGh Gh
dG aG
d ,dG
a EG L G
H
Y
ddG Y AdG
aG EG
318
SQG j
OLh b e
F NCG
(fh jH )
edG IY
Rh
Y
HU
G G dG AGQG
GQeEG dM
eY
SQG
, dG ddG
EG g Ea
gQhO
aG
EG I e e dG HLEG AL
```a ;``j`` G ``e ``d`` ``e ``LQ``H
GO dG QG dGh QG I c jM
dch %60 iJ d Hh ``g```SCG
QG ``j``M ``eCG (%58.2) ````dG Q```G
.(%45.7) b ` bCG H A```a dG
QeCG AdhCG J EG ZCG d Ljh
dG hCG SGQdG Q G I c LQH
Q`` `bCG ``` fC` H ````e Gk O`` ` ` G ```F```HC
dM ``` `` h ``a```dGh dG Q```` G
. fEG
jM fCG gQhH G O``aCGh
```G ``e c I c hCG e Q G
%33.8 dG GQ``` ` G Hh
fGh (I c jM %36.1 h e jM
dG GQ d dH G j G ie
jdG G GQG ALh %28.8 EG
jM %15.2 %50.8 H H
h``L `` ` fG (I ` ` c ``j``M %35.6 h e
f CG G``g ``jh .( `` `G 21-2
V G JG SGQdG cQG G
SQGG IL VhCG G h
`e``` ``````d``H `` ` G G``` g ``` j ``` d
ee LJ fCH %65.3 QTCG M dG
d Oj bh SQGe d G h
dG hdGh dG OGH gG EG
dG IO EG j Ggh LCG h
``a```dG OG``` E dG ``` ``a
LCG dG e dG GZ dG aG
.FdG Jfe e j EG Hh
``SQG``G ` HQ
G ``e %72.9 ``cCGh
j
d e ZdG h ffEG H
SM L aJ ```SQ``G C` H %20 iS
h```G ``eh . e d I```L ``` VhC` H G
I c gCG
eGh FSdG g CG
J aJ CGh G GfCH GQG d
FdG G e GdGh FSdG
19-2
hL fG aG EG d d
.( G
C` H %42.1 ``````Hh ``` SQ``G iCGQh
fj jdG e dG J fMCG SQG
aG G fMCG Jh SGQO H e
.%35.1 H e j d dG
AGQG H HJ g CG d `a `dGh
b G Hh dG TQh cQG
SQGG f Hh F CG OLh
%39 f Hh G AGQG Q```T CG M
QTCG c .F CG OLh hCG IQf EG
hL fG fMCG O``Lh EG %29.1 f
.( G 20-2
e f aGe %50.4 `` CGh
jhJ ``j``f`` ``` CG ```SQ``G QhO CG
G J fCHh QGh dH e dG
Lj b Ggh . dEG Lj gOhj dG
ae QOe OLhh SQG QhO LGJ EG
a dG CG f h .G a d
GQhO J d G I dGh G
11-5-2
(%) d 0kG
319
hL
ee M
jM
Se jM
I jM
0.7
3.9
33.3
62.2
dG GQG -CG
1.3
6.3
46.8
45.7
dG GQG -
1.6
6.5
33.7
58.2
jdG GQG -
12-5-2
dG
HLEG
e id f
SS a
HLEG
%13
%30
%14
ZQCG f
cQG
SdG
%25
QCG
d Lj
a EG e
S S
%61
%57
AGQG
jh G hdH j e
. Jeh G jg Sd e AV
UN
dG CG HdG FdG
e
eG M e hCG JG JCJ
ie ```F```j `` dG Q`` ` d``H ```d ```e ``dG
f CG FdG ```XCG M ;jgG
EG d d hgL
dG e %27.7
H LG GQG j ``a```G
GQG IH a gH JCjh %14.3
GQG G ` CGh %4.7 H fGLdG
.gL dW CG a Lj dG aG
CG `` ``` ```dG GQ``` G EG dG ``` h
d dG IQe g GQG VCG
d aGdGh GdG j J JQe g CGh
VhCG c .```fG``L``dG GQ``` G ``e ch
aG GQG VGh V OLh FdG
dG ``` ` ` dG ``aG``J ``e ``Z``dG ` `
M ``` LQ`` h ``` SQ``G ` ` GO ``````dGh
EG fj ``e ``gh .```SQ``Gh ` `dG ``cCG
a ie HS MW dG DhdG
DhJ aVEG e AdG gCJ dG J
De Z e dG J S g :g G
j S fCG CG
dG GQe
e I H gOLh X dGdG b
ae GQe EG - dG JHLEG
?aG dd e
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
f cCdH ` gh G ``j`` G Me
GdG cCG dG HdG FdG X be
. dG Wh jQdG Wh gH G
XCG edG SdG I G EG dHh
``cQ````G EG e `` ```e ``dG ``H``LEG
dG f e ` cCG ``LCG M SdG
h .SdG cQG EG e H (%57)
jEH e dG e a %25 iS j
.SdG cQG ZQ
adG id b HLEG g J bh
SdG CT e SdG CG g
hj
gh ``W``dG e `` ``j ``j``dG ``` Gh
SZ
gCG M QfEG b
dG M e dG AGQCG CG Mdh .AHCG
f J ``` ````LGh ```f``f`` `dG dG
%49.8 f J M
H dh HjEG
``LQ``Hh ``` SQ``G ` ` GO ` fG`` ` dG O`` Lh ` `
. `` H G ` GO %45.4 b ` bCG
dh aGe dG e `cCG ``HCG c
eQdG fG dG J OLh
e M EG
EG j b G hCG SQG AGS
j h . fG dG d G dG ``
H e Q`` eCG O`` Lh ```e ``dG `` ``H
hL fG V H dh SGdG e
` `dG CG Xh .( G 2-22
g
CG e G EG FSh
23-2
dhG fG e G Z FSdG
k d c Qh .( G 24-2 h
M EG e L EH GQeEG J M
320
6-2
dG
GQeEG dM
aG f dG e e
G QOCG
dhdGh GQeEG
IhdG b
dP h .jdG
SSCG aGdG g
UG gd
id GQ dG AH
GQeEG AdG
321
.H a JGQeEG d dG SQj dG
SGQdG
gAHCG GQ`` eEG Jh
dG gDG
d QG
e eG ah eG jG
ZGdG d e J dG SGQdG G
QdH ``dh``dG `` CG ```c . dG
IQGOEG jce dG J eh dG
dG A````fE`H a dG hD` ` T
d j IQeEG c G dG
h . .k
j Jh dG IQGOEG M
WG ``e``` G dH ``dh``dG J
J f ebEG dc j
q H a
k T `d h e G d G``e
dG ``dh`` `d ```aG`````dG G ``e
I c H ``H``` e ````a ```jh ``` `j
``dh``dG ` L``J ``bh . ` ` WG``G O`` ``` J
aG jb FfEH G dG f
b ````J ``` dG Knowledge Village
jQdG cGeh dhdGh LCG e d
dG e dG jdG dGh
IM e j e dH ebCa . ShCG
``` dGh ``` e``G dG ``` ``HO
H Gh j G S
Je h``a AfEG
dGh aG
i CG GQ``eEG J c .gcGeh
dGh jQdG cGeh dhdG eG
dG fG . G G jdG
.(GQeEG dM j J e dG
I c G GQeEG
h
` f``fEGh j G dG G SG
Sh Lh Gh ``dh``dG aGe c
I``` G ` aG``e ` `` ` ` G``` dG
id dGh aG f SJ SCG
SJ iOCGh .G OGaCG e SGh W
e EG aVEG hdEG HdG f
GQ``` e ``j`` `J EG ``e`` ``G ``` ` JG
.OGaCG Qeh
dG dG
b ``dh``dGh ``JGQ``eEG G QOCG
``aG``dG ``g ` `d ```ch .``j``` ` ` dG Ih ` ` dG
GQ`` `dG AH `` ``G g d ``S```SCG
H ` d
h .``JGQ``eEG AdG i``d
d `` ``G ` ` ` dG `` ``dG ````VGh
d ``j`` ``d ``f``` eEG L ``` ``Hh
``e``bEG EG dGh dG I``W``b
dhdG gG d
dO h .aG
WGh GQ`` eEG `c ``SQG``G ``e``bE`H
AHCG ``e ```WCG dG ``M``JEGh
CfCG c .``SQ````dG S ( ``WG``G
dG e Sh eM eL dhdG
aG f dG e e - GQeEG dM
dG Y IQ dGh j g G
dG fGG SGQdG Ff ``cCG
CG GQ``eEG dM SGQd OG`` EG S
j G e dG ``e %26.8
G aG GQG e ` fOCG G
e G eh G M GQe
gh (f dG G SGh HdG GdGh
gDJ ```dG SSCG GQ``` G V ``e
CG ```Lh ``` c .``a``` G ```` EG ``d`` ` d
cG f j dG jGH e %65.1
%92 ```f O``` j ``e CG CG GQ```` G ``g
d d `` ` `G i`````G hO ```e ``dG ``e
e %8 i```S j h .``a```G EG
dG GQG J cG QW e dG
jh .I G G e MCG j
GQ`` eEG dG e e CG ` d ``e
J
e H Gh dG
Gg eh LMG e e dG
e ` d h .aG GQ``` G ``e dG
e G H O``G gG IQhV cDj
``Wh ``g```G G ```J G```MEGh
G ``````dGh `` ` ` dG `` Wh ``` jQ``` dG
b dG G j dG ``e ``g `Zh d
J M c G dG e
dGh GQG adG cEG e GQeEG
.aG G f d jQh dG
M ``e `` `b ` ` ` aCG ``F``` ` dG ` f``ch
j Qh G``dG j c fGLdG GQ```G
Gdc LGh ( d aGdG
``cC` a .(`` ``` G ` ` ` dGh `` j`` G ``e
e dG `` ``e CG ```fG```G ``` SGQ``dG ``F```f
jgG QW ``eEG g Q G cQG
%63.7 h fGLdG GQ d %77.9) hgL hCG
FdG h .(``` ````LG GQ```` `d
H M dG ie
e H
jgG Q``W hCG hgL g e f
jdG CG H .dG e %98.5
j
dG b e g Gh dH
JSQ dG J SfG IQh dH
.edG
hJ FdG g EG dG h
aG GQ```G ie H IdG
``` SGQ``dG ` cQ``` ` G ```e `` `d `` ` G
EG ``d`` ` d ``` a``` G ``` ` ` ` Gh
GQ d dH G g a aG
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
a G EG
id G
dGh dG
Gf SG Y
Gh aG
hO G dG
G G fG
fEG Y
Y hCG G
GdG g
dG eN
M j j
G eCG
GQeEG
322
GQeEG dM
H G YG EG
dG dG
eAe Yh
d L
IG j aG
MUE hCG
CG j
SGQdG Ff
Ffh fGG
iNCG SGQdG
Dh d kGQ e
CG j e Q H
Y d kG
P Gh bGdH
GQG dG e j G
hh j G
dG G SG
H dG
FdG e j G
HjEG
323
.GHEGh dG hQ j
. dG dG
``eCG j h
G fGG SGQdG Ff VhCG a
ISC d jOG gadG CG dG dH
GQ d `d`` `dG ` ` eG ` ` k S `` D` J
aG
dG CG d j bh .aG
aG ``e``H ```fG``bCG e e `Z
Gk c Gk QhO ISC d CG c . dG h
d AdG eG ``cCG j Q
g Gh .aG dG Hh G
OhdG EG Gh I```SCG I f dG
FdG QG gQ Gh ``a```Gh dH
.ObGh LG A JQ d
I````dG ` ` A``` ` dG `` `eCG G`` g `` ` ` jh
dG dG JGSGh G H
dH G dGh IQG ``dG J
.bGdG ``VQCG
FdGh SQG `Hh
SdGh ` ` E ` d ``e```dG ```L```d``a
dG Q
H cDJ HG
aG GQ`` ` dG J h d dG ``M
.aG J dG dGh LGh
CG a dG SQG ie
eCG
id V j dG Gd fGG ```SGQ``dG
dG aG Hh GQ```G AdG
Vq J h .aG dG j
eh .Q dG Gg G SDeh ISCG
JGSG J H dG Lh g
LdG IQ dG
d WdG Gh
.bGdG VQCG
d
fGG SGQdG Ff J CG j h
Dh d Gk Qe i`` CG ```SGQ``dG Ffh
bGdH d Gk J CG j e Q H
Vhh ``j``G GQG`` ` dG ``e ``j``G `` ` JGh
e jG H dG dG JGSG
.HjEG FdG
dGh dG
CG dGh ``j`` Gh aG EG
ja .i`` ` CG ```Z e CG ``gO``J
e ``````FQ ``` ``` ` ` ````dGh ````dG
J ```dG dG `````dG ``f```e
Gg h .dGh G AGOC``H VdG
AH f dG dG Ea SSCG
i CG dhO CG hCG GQeEG dhO aG
EG j CG j - HdG G
dG jM SJ :g SSCG FcQ
IQ e dG GdGh fGh dGh
EG aCG H HSGh f dGh aG
CG efH d jdG ``L`` G
G TGQ H SDeh F EG IG
.(2009 e
CG ```dG dG EG dH ``eCG
dG G f d dG H j
M Qha GQ``eEG ``dhO aG
G dG g hCG QGh .Qh
AH a J J H
e
ie dGh d dG a h aG
d jQh dG dG aJ H I G
GLdG dG a dG eCG .aG
k S k F k e aJ H
e
aJ H f Ge T AH
j
jd ``e `dG dGh dG j dG
Q`` ``` a ` d`` ` dG ```eCG .``` e ``` ``S ` `
H
e G dG
CGe SJ H Gh CGdGh dG jM
CG Gh .LGdGh G IGhG
MCG dG f CG HdG e
dG j eCG C G hO QhG g
d dHh . f bdG h k L a
aG g dG e hCG Ea G
H SCGh dG H GdGh G
aG da .``a```G
```SQ``Gh dG J j
jG h Q`` ahO G ` Hh e dG `H
a d jh (2008 j EH
j `` `` ```Gh O``` dG dG
IjG aG dJ
IQ`` `dG cG
IO``aEGh dH j J ``gh .XJh
GMEGh SGQdG dH gG e cCG
G EG EG Gg j h .feG LQdG
A SGh dG g dG Sh fc
dG Gg j h .dGh G Mh
TEG `` G``J J H O``L``H EG k jCG
I f ` ` dEG `` ``Jh a d G ``L``M
e aJ k a dG
QO dG
M ``e IQ`` ` e ``j```` ``g``` eh A````cCG
G J jQJ JGSGh iG
cJ da J dSCGh egG IQDH
dG ``` Q ````dh dG ` `
jM G```` h ` aG``eh ` `a ``` SGQ``dG
dG e dG Gg j h . d F e
dG gCG e
AdG IYe
EG ddG Y
aG
e a
e A CG
GQGh QG
gYj e dGh
NCG Y
ge H
eE
324
GQeEG dM
j CG j
j YEG
edG a K
NG e jdGh
dG Y dGh
jh , d CG H
j kGM keYEG
IM H j dG
dG QeCG bjh
bG
GE fEG EG
h dG
G EGh LM
dG Y
NCG j IQh
H
325
cGTEGh JLM Jh dG EG
EG .H CG j IQhV dG
V e J AD`g e I c f CG
FdG G e gh . d a G
.d `` ` G O```jEGh be j dG
dG a ``ah ``b ``dh``dG fc G E` a
G FXdG WdGh e G
cj CG ``` `G ` Z ``e E``a Hd
`` ``dG ``M Gh`` ` ` jh ` `d EG ``` ` ` dG
. dGh aGh
dG e eC
G`` `f `d ``` ` dG H `` ``dG ```H
g H J dG dGh aG
Gg e eCH gG j I G
``dh ``j```Jh jd ``eG````SGh ````dG
i`` CG G ``` ah ``JGQ``eEG `````dG
feEG aJ X a .aG EG
``cC``J I``cD``G SdG ``` Z``dGh ``jO``G
Jh 2021 GQeEG jDhH GdG IQhV
AH ``` ` gG ` ` ` d`` ` dG ``g`````
GAc O J e e e ObG
G``G aCG ```Jh Ige ```JGQ``eEG
.GQeE d iG H QgO G j
Jh J G```SEG Qh dG eh
2020-2010 d JGSG `` ` G
dG dG EG ```J ```dG
Jh F e SQe H Jh e d
AGOCG h gG j Jh WGG hQ
MJh SQGG LMG aJh G
``L``` ` MG h `` `eOh `` ` ` dG ``` ` fCG
``` ``` `d ``` d`` IO`` `L ` ` ` h ```` ``G
A```dhCG cQe Jh `` ``Gh e G
e WGe GQ``b AHh Q``eCG
SdG edG QeCG eh . dG
JGh e G f Jh dG jQJ
dG I`` ```` ``` e``Gh ``SQG``G
.dG G
fGh GdG
cQG SdG Qh dG e CG c
Le H J M dG dG
fQ e
dG GQb Q J ie S j
G``g ```J```j h .i`` ` CG h```dG ` ` H
e e ` HQ IQh``` V
cCdG dG
jdG d edG G``gC``H dG
.Gh fEH A JQG LCG e eGG
F CG O`` Lh J ``L`` G CG EG
jdH Ak GbG SQGG k jCG f
jf dG ``SQG``G Hh - h``dG ``e
gGG M dGh dG M
QhO j h .LGGh dG G dGh
j H G M
F CG
` `dG `` ` IO`` j ` ` k `` `jCG G ``e
beh dG
gMh fCH
. H gjJh
e a G dG eCG
H Gh CGdGh dG jM H
.LGdGh G IGhG CGe SJ
SS ` e G dG jh
G ` EG FShh JSDeh dhdG
J dG `fG`` `dG ``dh``dG S ``bh .a
IdG ` ` `Jh ICG`` `Gh ` L``dG ` H IGh``` ` G
JGQeEG QSdG CG c dG H
CG EG ICG`` `Gh ` L``dG ` H IGh``` ` G j
e ``JC`J ICG``` `d G dG be
G ``e `` dG ``` ````LG GO````dG hQ`` e
. CGh LhdH Jj k j J ICGG QhO ij
G ICG``G QhH gG g Gh
gQ H a d edG jdG F jEGh
J k ```S```SCG k ``j```Th G f
QG e fC H G LCG
dGfZ SGQdG GOdGh GQGh
LG QGhOCH J CG d j (2008
.fe SJ IjL SSh jObGh
G d `` ` G ```dG ````jh
Gh CG``dG `` dGh dG jM
.F d jG dGh `` G CG`` dG Jh
Qda .j G IcH JJ dG gh
hO CG``dG AG``HEG IQ dGh j H
EG j CG jh .G Oj CG j
G dG
e aG AH QhH
edG a dG f G eGdGh
f dG `` `Jh `gG``G cGh IAG`` ` dGh
j CG j c . dG dH gGh
e jdGh edG a jJ
EG
j h . dTCG H dG dGh G
bjh IM H j dG j Gk M k e EG
.bG J dG QeCG
bW ``e j ``JGQ``eEG G EG
GQ`` eEG ``dhO ` ` h `````dG ``e ``e``g
CGh Jh HT bW e J CG
fEa .G AH gQhO e J
aG f dG e e - GQeEG dM
IM XH ` d G```bEG ` H `` ` ` dGh
dGh `````G `````W``Jh ``a```dG
.d FGdG
dG SD gG Qh dG eh
Jh ``` Vh ` j``W `` I``` SC``c i`` ` CG
gCH ```JGQ``eEG SCG a d
gCJ SQG I e gQhOh dG
fL EG aG EG d d
dG
G
EG FSh QhO j Jh jJ
J ``aO``g ```e ` EG SS IQ`` `H H
Jh Jh gG ``aG SJ
fEG Mh dG j b M cQGe
OG ``g jh .``a```Gh WG dGh
WG dG Jh dG jM O SJ
a dGh jObGh LGh SdG
.G
``` LCG A``` H ```f ``H``` jEG ````dG EG
dG d ``gOG`` EGh G
SQG dG IO`` EG j aG
HjEG LdG LJh LGeh F dG
Hb aG dh Cda . dGh
c IaGe SdG IOGQEG C QG d
JG bh .IOLe G dG H CG
cCG dG SdG IOGQEG
e
IOGQEG g CG c .e e dhO AH Ge
` Zh ```e```M ``` ``V ``` ` ` SD` e ```` ``J
cCdG iS GQ`` eEG j h .eM
dG EG SDG L LJh dG
.aG AH G
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
dG e H eg GQ``eCG CG c
Gh dG e eCd dEG
dG EG dc aG eGSG
IM `` ` ` SCG ````fCG ` ` ``a`````H Oh``` dGh
Mh aXCG ef e OdG e Gj
e G G``g A```SQEGh JM jf
QdG Jh SQG b e eGH SdG
dG cGeh edG G AH SdGh
fe dG H gG jh . jQdGh
SCj CG ```h dG G``g I Q``H
dG `` Oh A````fEG ` ``e ``cCG H
gj b
J dG gCGh e G
fCG d d MG dG Jh
.JMWh eh J eh
aG ebEG
GG eh
d h`````c ```e``b `` h````e J
d d Gh IAG dG
QdGh QdG
`` h ``j````dG ``` b``aG ````S``Jh ``` cQG``e
TEGh ;SQG dG IAG dG G G
``e ``SQG``G dG dG a
d c H dG hG J
H ` ` `` ``G ` jQ``` H ``` ` gGh
G `M
g J ```dG dG
;```H `W `` ``Jh ``` ``J Q```` `dG ` ` LhCGh
` H``g``Gh ` ``` G ``````J ``` S``` dGh
j ``dG MdGh jGh
jdG jOG j dGh dG
FGL h d jObGh a dGh
ObG G eCG . eGh j dG
aG f
cdG `` G a
dh NCdG EG
Hb aG
IOGQEG C QG d
,IaGe SdG
H CG
G dG
IOLe
326
eGdG
.2011 HdG GAMEG be F EG IG CG efH
2011 T/jGa 14 jQH http://www.arabstats.org/countryindicators.asp?cid=7
.2011 QjCG/je http://www.worldbank.org (( dG G AGOCG J e hdG dG fH I b
IG j d jQdG e dGh G G GAGH e
2011 QjCG/je 23 jQH http://www.uspto.gov/web/offices/ac/ido/oeip/taf/cst~all.htm
2011 QjCG/je 18 jQH http://www.worldbank.org (( dG G AGOCG J e hdG dG fH I b
2011 QjCG/je 18 jQH http://www.worldbank.org (( dG G AGOCG J e hdG dG fH I b
e
c GTDe G fH e ddG jh . hdG dG g CG dG ( dG G AGOCG J e QOdG aG ObG dO
H ddG b Jh .JGh e G f Jh jdG OQGGh dGh GHEGh JSDG dGh jObG aG G :gh HQCG GJe e GMGh
GTDG b V fG IQh dH e dhd ddG b V fG j h . ddG d j dG hdG H fQ e dG dG be J gh 10 h
. dG hO V bG dh d aG i G hdG JT bG H GTDG J b JQG f j b EGh ddG e j dG
2011 QjCG/je http://www.worldbank.org (( dG G AGOCG J e hdG dG fH I b
:CdG Gg fG
.HO dG QGO .( dG jObG .1978 G M . dG f dG dG dG e .(IG HdG GQeEG dhO dGh HdG .1996 h Gh G .1991 dG GQeEG e .(IG HdG GQeEG dhO dG .1991h MCG O (IG HdG GQeEG HdG .1988 h Gh TQ a 2011 QG G/SQe 31 jQH http://www.uaestatistics.gov.ae AME d WdG cG 2010 e Gj J
2011 GjM/fj 12 jQH www.moe.gov.ae dGh HdG IQG h be
. bQCGh F M .2010 IG HdG GQeEG eL
-1
-2
-3
-4
-5
-6
-7
-8
-9
-10
-11
GQeEG dM
http://www.uaeu.ac.ae/about/history/facts~and~figures.shtml
http://www.hct.ac.ae/misc/aspx/hct~at~a~glance.aspx 2010 . dG dG c M .2010 dG dG c -12
http://www.zu.ac.ae/catalog/documents/pdf/zuCatalog2009.pdf .2010-2009 jG eL eGH .2010 jG eL -13
d G G dG SDG OcCG O G .2011 dG dG IQG h -14
https://www.caa.ae/caaweb/DesktopModules/Institutions.aspx
AME d fdG e fH I b
-15
www.moe.gov.ae .IG HdG GQeEG dhO dGh AMEG .2008 dGh HdG IQG h FMEG
2011 T/jGa 13 jQH http://hdr.undp.org/en/statistics/data F EG IG CG efH be fH I b
:2009 G Ij hdEG bG
http://www.alkhaleej.ae/portal/80d83bae-f6b0-4134-a264-dfddc3d10e55.aspx
(JGQeEG gQO 3.67 =jeCG QhdG
ADEC Conducts Standardised EMSA Testing http://gsec.abudhabi.ae/Sites/GSEC .2010 d X HCG
Navigation/EN/MediaCentre/government-news did=149476.html
2011 QjCG/je 19 jQH http://www.uaestatistics.gov.ae .IG HdG GQeEG .AME d WdG c d hdEG bG
2011 QjCG/je 23 jQH http://mdgs.un.org/unsd/mdg/Data.aspx/dC d F G GgC d hdEG bG
2011 QjCG/je 19 jQH http://hdrstats.undp.org F EG IG CG efH fH I b
LdGh AdG H G G IGhG j ce dO g G H IGhG dO
hGJh dG S dG H EG dG :Qh 3
-16
-17
-18
-19
-20
-21
-22
-23
IGhG
327
eGdG - GQeEG dM
-24
-25
-26
-27
-28
-29
-30
-31
-32
-33
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
328
GQeEG dM
LG GQhCGh LGG
329
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
330
HdH LGG
SDeh F EG IG CG efHt
j ).2009 ````e G ```TGQ ``H
``UG`` ```f :2009 ``` `d ``H``` dG ``a``` G
.HO d jdG QGO.(e e
``` ` ` ` dG ) .1999 Q```` ``e``M t
,``jQ````e `` jDhQ : G `` `` h ``j`````dG
QG``dG e .(a dGh ```H `dG ``` SGQO
. hCG dG d HdG
```SGQO) .2008 G L M t
dG bNCG e d
.(IG ```H```dG GQ`` eEG ``dh``H ```H```dG
.IG HdG GQeEG dhO
.1971 IG HdG GQeEG dhOt
.(IG ```H```dG GQ`` ` eEG `` dhO Q``` ` SO)
http://www.uaecabinet.ae/Arabic/UAEGovernment/Pages/ConstitutionOfUAE.
GQeEG dM
aspx
.2007 Q ec Se Q``W t
GQ`` ` `eEG `` `dhO ``` ` SQ``G ``g``` G QhO)
dG GQ``` e ````` I````G ```H```dG
jdG I``F``L .(``` e``` dG i``d `` YG`` HEG
``` SGQ``dG ``` ` ` dG Q``` ` HGh ``` SGQ`` ` d
dGh a dG Ihf (14 IQh``dG jHdG
.IG HdG GQeEG dhO HO
.1996 ` ` eGh D` dD` d G t
L h dG ```e G I``` SCG)
.IG HdG GQeEG dhO .( G
FGdGh dG) .2009 TdG t
.( hDG eYEG AdG Y gQhOh
.j dG dG
Q dG) .2010 jdG e t
.(Gh ` ` ` `d `` ` `fEGh G``` ` e ``` `d ``` ` ` j
2010 je 5 jQH dG GQeEG
j ) .2008 d X HCG t
X ``HCG .( d ``` ``HCG ``` ` ``M
.IG HdG GQeEG dhO
331
2009
G) .2009 d X HCG t
`` HCG ``` `` ``j`````dG ``` ` ` G ` ` SEG
HdG GQ`` eEG ``dhO X ``HCG .( d
.IG
.2008
` ` dG ``g``dG t
.2008 dj 16 O .(IQdG U e)
.CG2009 A````ME `d ```W``dG ``c``G t
``jO``` ``bG O``` HC` d `` `` ```dG ``j`` ` ` dG)
GQ`` `eEG `` dhO ``` X `` HCG .(``` Y``` ` LGh
.IG HdG
i`` `dG e). 2009 -------- t
HdG GQ`` eE G ``dhO X ``HCG .( edG
.IG
http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/2008/RAND_MG786.pdf
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
2008
-------- t
332
GQeEG dM
Gonzalez et al. 2008. (Facing human capital challenges for the 21st century: Education and labor market initiatives in Lebanon,
Oman, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates). Santa Monica: California.
Haifaa Jawaad, 1998. (The rights of women in Islam: An authentic approach). New
York, St. Martins Press.
Sara Sayed, 2004. (Women, politics and
development in the United Arab Emirates).
UNESCO and Zayed University.
UNESCO, 2010. (Education for all, Global Monitoring Report, Reaching the Marginalized). Oxford University Press.
Watkins, C.2005. (Classrooms as learning
communities: Whats in it for schools?) London: Routledge.
LG GQhCG
` ` bGh ` ` ` ` ` dG) .``e``M``dG ``e ` ` S t
.(GQeEG dhO eh
333
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
334
GQeEG dM
MG
335
M G - GQeEG dM
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
336
GQeEG Y Qh QG ASCH Fb :1 e
I %G 4e I xdG 6
dG otdGK dG kdG |M5K
dG kdG F )4
edG 0 e
GQeEG dM
dG eCG IQdG
S e S I e I SCG
QH j a IQcdG
O G MCG
dG S e IdG
SCG
SEG F IdG
dG e IdG
eCG IdG
G Wa IQcdG
dG TGQ I e IdG
jdG dG M EG IdG
G ASCG IdG
IG S jT Ihe IdG
G Og IQcdG
dG gGHG a dG
O S dG
dG TGQ F IdG
GT Sj QcdG
dG QcdG
dG
GdG Sj G dG
bh G eCG IQcdG
eMdG e S IQcdG
G e IdG
O G S QcdG
adG IdG
dG O AS IdG
dG S QcdG
M eCG M IQcdG
Gh S IdG
H fH dG
337
H dG
dG QcdG
edG G QcdG
G
Q IdG
jO S dG
dG HG IQcdG
hdG d IdG
QM H SCG
edG S F IQcdG
G MCG T IQcdG
M G - GQeEG dM
HO SQGe
UG jOQdG
ddG TGdG
WdG G
UG hdG
jG H
jG dG
iFGG QO dG
IMdG
L dG O G
QG
H GM
hGdG
dG
H H e S
TGQ H GM
GQeEG CG
dG jQe
dG
dG
edG
S
jGdG
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
338
j EH LGG
GQeEG SG Ff :3 G
(%) dG eG dGh gG SQG AGQG :1-2 hL
DGKCG
GHCG
DGKCG
DGKCG
e <I
DGKCG
e
6.8
15.9
51.5
25.8
2.3
14.4
55.3
28
1.5
26.2
46.9
25.4
LQG aG
3.8
13.1
48.5
34.6
6.2
26.2
43.8
23.8
edG I G e e e d e dG dG eGdGh gG J -
5.3
25.2
46.6
22.9
15.2
53.8
28
G j H e dG dG eGdGh gG q J -CG
jQh dG GQG cG dG eGdGh gG J -
(%) ddG
IQOb GAc OG EG
dG eGdGh gG J -
hL
H
G
h=CG
G
F
G
2.9
34.3
40.1
22.6
2.2
32.2
47.4
18.2
1.5
8.8
24.3
65.4
j dG gG T -
10.2
16.1
20.4
53.3
0.7
10.2
23.9
65.2
SQqdG ge M e dG e T dG -
51.4
28.3
12.3
SGQdG gH J e dG EG e Vh be -h
0.7
32.4
39
27.9
29.3
42.9
16.5
11.3
18.4
42.6
24.3
14.7
1.5
9.5
39
50
1.4
4.4
15.2
79
GQeEG dM
64eCG
339
IQdG
SQqdG Hc -O
(feG GQ G e dG J /
EG
e dG I e -
I U V e dG J edG I G dG IOG HQ -
ZG OQh dG Ahg
G -
M G - GQeEG dM
(%) jH
dG SQq G g G :3-2 hL
DGKCG
GHCG
DGKCG
DGKCG
e <I
DGKCG
e
0.7
10.4
48.5
40.4
SGQdG d e dG id G e j J
20.1
35.1
44.8
4.5
6.9
28.8
59.8
24.1
39.8
15
21.1
11.3
46.6
30.8
11.3
7.5
41
32.1
19.4
6.1
32.6
44.7
16.6
3.7
17.2
52.2
26.9
3.8
20.3
40.6
35.3
6.7
33.6
34.3
25.4
0.7
3.7
28.4
67.2
1.5
9.7
36.6
52.2
Jq H G e G J
1.5
12.6
46.3
39.6
G j M i CG OGG F
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
edG h dH e G EG
cdG j -CG
aQ SQq G j CG H e d e IMGh
UEG -
Jq J AG Gfj CG j e SQq G d -
aGh dG M adG GSj CG SQq G e JQb LdG SQq d S gCG q e Gfj CG e SQq d q H gqOGe jQJ
340
(%) ddG
JCG
,F
JCG
6ke
JCG
9
JCG
d
82.6
12.3
2.9
2.2
66.4
29.2
1.5
2.9
69.6
25.2
3.7
1.5
82.2
11.8
74.5
21.8
1.5
2.2
49.6
41.6
6.6
2.2
QHGh GHEG
IQ G -h
61
33.2
5.1
0.7
DhdGh dG
IQ dG -
48.9
38.7
10.9
1.5
71.5
24.1
2.9
1.5
GQOG Jq G eG bQh
(%) f
dG HLEG -
0 ,4E
6ke ,4E
9 ,4E
26.5
55.9
15.4
2.2
GQeEG dM
eke ,4E
(%)
G C eG SG j g
31.6
68.4
(%) LddG
341
FS d SQq G SG G CG :6-2 hL
11.1
88.9
19.6
80.4
17
83
fCGh jQqdG Q G
41.3
58.7
j G A e e QhdG
27.1
72.9
e dG e UGqdG
q J q Vh
dG
SQqdG
M G - GQeEG dM
q G bdG :7-2 hL
<6
3 e
4 (G
<6
e
<6
(G
k<6
e ECG
<6
$7
8.7
18.1
42.7
25.4
5.1
18.8
22.5
34.8
18.8
5.1
3.6
8.7
38.4
39.9
9.4
jq QGOEG LG Q M -
1.5
20.8
53
18.7
QeCG AdhCG e GA d -O
2.9
6.6
16.2
32.4
41.9
7.5
8.2
32.8
33.6
17.9
7.4
5.2
12.6
24.4
50.4
e FCG
5
(%)
SQ d OG EGh q dG -CG
dG CG J -
dG e CG -
4.4
95.6
32.6
67.4
53.8
46.2
Se -
87.8
12.2
jHJ GTG -O
18.5
81.5
e hCG Seb -
25.2
74.8
e -h
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
SM -CG
ffEG GTG -
342
(%) ddG GQ
dG G e edG
:9-2
hL
42CG
,4E
,F
,4E
6ke
,4E
,2K
2.3
25.8
57.6
14.3
2.3
22.7
59.8
15.2
q G e G -CG
dG dG -
1.5
28
50.8
19.7
GQOe Jq G -
4.6
27.5
46.6
21.3
2.3
34.4
44.2
19.1
H GE -O
e q M -
2.3
34.8
47
15.9
Vh j dG QG G SG -h
2.3
46.2
44.7
6.8
dG IOG fGbh G dG M -
2.3
38.5
42.3
16.9
e IQH dG -
1.5
49.3
44.7
4.5
7.9
26.6
38.8
26.7
ShQdG M I G ie q dG -
1.5
38.9
44.3
15.3
G dG -
6.1
29.5
41.7
22.7
d dG -
(%) ddG
GQeEG dM
Y SQG GQb
42CG
M4K|9
G T/
M4K|9
e <I
=
M4K|9
73.3
23.7
75.2
18.8
69.6
26.5
2.9
63.4
33.6
83.3
15.7
54.9
39.2
4.9
91.2
7.8
G e dG
e dG J -
30
53
17
g EH q j dG fCG c I H I
e dG aGe -
68.6
30.4
77.2
21.8
70.6
23.5
5.9
20.6
49
29.4
343
q G e G
dG dG
e dG jQJ
e dG jQJ
GQOe Jq Gh e IQH d e dG aO -
H EG e dG I e -O
e q M e dG jQJ dG IOG fGbh G dG M
JGdG dG SQ
G dG
e dG I e -h
e dG jJ e dG jJ -
LG dGh OG e dG
J-
ShQdG H e dG GdEG -
M G - GQeEG dM
(%) SQ
GHCG
G42I
I0CG
)G2
20.2
21.1
34.6
24.1
e dG fL e SQq d e J f SQG Lj -
8.3
25.8
62.9
7.5
14.2
35.8
42.5
6.8
10.6
33.3
49.3
DGKCG
DGKCG
e
DGKCG
T0 (G
e
DGKCG
e
SQq G SQG J -
8.5
37.7
33.1
20.7
28.7
39.8
18.5
13
26.4
28.8
31.2
13.6
9.4
20.5
54.4
15.7
dG ie d eG A CG jQ d Ij Ua dhqdG aJ -O
3.9
6.4
48.8
40.9
33.8
32.3
25.2
8.7
5.5
16.4
46.9
31.2
56.3
22.6
15.6
5.5
61.8
20.3
11.4
6.5
16.4
27.9
50
5.7
q dG aq j -CG
eG A CG J UG J SQq d HdG
L H MCG e dEG fG SCG SQq G jQH U cGe SQG e jb LJ ddG IAdG h
dG G Gh SQq G (OG EG jJ H Iq g LJ dG dG d J JGhQ SQq d dhdG aJ SQq G M SDq eh fCG LJdG M eG A CG jQJ f SQq d dhdG aJ -
Y IQ dH QdG :13-2 hL
36.3
63.7
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
SQq d J dhqdG aq J -
344
(%) jH
<
e
- - e <I e
11.3
26.3
18
44.4
9.1
18.9
21.2
50.8
1.5
11.1
27.4
60
20.9
70.1
dSQ MU CH SMEG dG e -
16.4
20.9
34.3
28.4
dG JQH QdG dG e -
h dG fh q dG f aq j G LCG d qdG e
JCS -CG
dG e JCG G O e CG O aq j G LCG d qdG e
JCS JGdG AcG q j dG e O -
(%) SQGh
GQeEG dM
DGKCG
DGKCG
GHCG
DGKCG
e <I
DGKCG
e
%2.3
%2.3
26.2
69.2
0.8
4.5
21.1
73.6
9.1
34.1
56.8
j H ej j SGQqdH e dG gG -O
17.3
45.1
28.6
25.6
38.3
27.1
1.5
6.8
39.1
52.6
9.8
24.1
50.4
15.7
26
46.6
21.4
dG Iq H G
dG L q j -
dG L -h
jOG dG W -
345
<k/G dG
IG/dG dG
D|G dG
dG
3.21
3.22
3.24
3.20
SG
0.78
0.77
0.70
0.74
QG GfG
fOCG G
bCG G
M G - GQeEG dM
<k/G dG
IG/dG dG
D|G dG
2.43
2.30
2.42
2.11
SG
0.71
0.71
0.65
0.60
QG GfG
fOCG G
bCG G
(%) jH
<
e
e <I
2.2
22.4
75.4
0.7
7.4
91.9
0.7
1.4
14.9
82.8
12.7
84.3
6.7
23.1
50.8
19.4
dG
OG GMG
e dG Hh H b dG J -
OG GMG
OG GMG
OG GMG
F e
Hh H b dG J -O
e dG J
q Fe e CGdG Od QeCG AdhCH jQhO dCG -
(%) SQG SQ
/-
9K /c6
9K /,/
3.1
14.5
82.4
q (G hCG H
65.3
6.5
28.2
d (G hCG H
6.1
9.1
84.8
70
10
20
46
18.5
35.5
jHJ SM H -
6.2
20.9
72.9
ffEG H HQ -h
55.8
11.6
32.6
3.7
25.9
70.4
fh W G -
23.5
21.2
55.3
SQq J dG q dG d GhOCG -
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
ee -CG
ee -
q SQe e -
SQe d SM -O
hdEG b
GTG -
346
(%)
GHCG
G42I
I0CG
)G2
9.8
11.3
42.1
36.8
5.2
20.9
35.1
38.8
16.6
11.4
20.5
51.5
23.1
15.7
29.1
32.1
G SQq G jd f SQG Lj -h
SQq G h j q F CG SQG Lj -
q LG hCG q f hCG jq Oe fc AGS e dG
ee M|0
,2K M|0
,F M|0
e M|0
4.5
25.6
36.1
33.8
dG GQG -CG
4.5
27.3
39.4
28.8
dG GQG -
5.4
31.8
33.3
29.5
jdG GQG -
8.3
40.9
35.6
15.2
G GQG -O
GQeEG dM
(%) YLGh ff
347
hL
DGKCG
e
(G DGKCG
e T0
DGKCG
DGKCG
e
<CG
49.8
36.5
9.2
2.5
45.4
41.4
8.7
2.1
2.4
38.6
39.4
14.1
3.8
4.1
39.7
38.9
13.6
3.7
4.1
38.4
35.8
14.2
6.6
38.9
34.2
14.5
5.4
38.3
31.1
16.8
9.2
4.6
35.1
36
13.2
9.2
6.5
36.1
37
13.2
3.3
10.4
37.2
38.8
9.7
10.3
M G - GQeEG dM
(%) e
DGKCG
e
DGKCG
DGKCG
<CG
T0 (G DGKCG
e
e
50.7
36.5
6.9
2.7
3.2
46.6
41.9
5.3
1.9
4.3
Uh gGH IQdG J Gh FG
d G AGQG J Gh FG
(%) e
DGKCG
e
EG FSh -CG
EG FSh -
DGKCG
DGKCG
T0 (G DGKCG e <CG
e
38.8
38.8
11.2
4.4
6.8
38
40.1
10.3
3.6
Uh gGH IQdG J Gh FG
d G AGQG J Gh FG
dG GQe Y dG dG KC
IQ dG
jdG
G d
(%) * G
gadG
dG
SQG
8.7
4.1
EG FSh -CG
EG FSh -
:25-2
hL
ISCG gG
ddG SGQH
jOG gadG
ISCG
gadG
dG
G
H dG dG
ISCG
0.080
-0.178
0.216
**0.177
0.064
0.144
fGLdG GQG
0.076
0.131
LG GQG
0.090
2.6
aG GQG
HdG G U G dG J dG IQb j *
jQG QGfG ee J hG IOLG bQCG **
dG b Y dG dG KC
IQ dG
jdG
G d
(%)* G
gadG
dG
SQG
9.5
0.064
jOG gadG
ISCH
gadG
dG
G
H dG dG
ISCG
0.74
**0.264
:26-2
hL
aG dG
3.9
0.199
LG dG
6.0
0.246
fGLdG dG
0.263
fdG dG
8.3
-0.160
0.109
HdG G U G dG J dG IQb j *
jQG QGfG ee J hG IOLG bQCG **
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
348
jG
1-3
351
dG
SGQ d edG WCG
351
e
351
dGh G :aG h aG
352
dGh j Gh aG
352
G edG aG VhCG
355
aG AdG OG EG JSfGh HG G ffEG dG bGh
355
aG ShCG QWEG :ffEG dG
356
dH a G fGh aG Ad SSCG G :TdG LCG OG EG
356
dGh dGh GQG
````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
2-3
359
359
359
360
360
363
365
366
G dM
368
369
370
371
371
371
371
372
374
374
376
376
dG
HG G AdG gC f
IFdG jHdGh dG dG
aGgCGh G G dG f
HdG UEG OL
jdGh H d WdG G
jdGh HdG e e UEGh SG efdG
UG LMG h WCH jdG
G id G G SCGQ AHh jQdG FGW
jdGh HdG e e jJh SQG OG EG
SQ d SSCG jdG
G jdG
hdG dG Ff
(2007) dGh VjdG J Ff
(2007d H) dGh IAG dG J Ff
2008 SGQdG dG d WdG ef d dG SGQdG Ff
HG SQG dG Q f
eCGh bGdG H jQdG FGW
dG
e T d MG dG f
dG je jdGh HdG f j J UG dG b OL
U
jG - G dM
3-3
377
dG
AdG OGYEG gQhOh G dG SDe
377
385
dG
aG AdG OGYEG OL IKDG dG dG
385
SdG j G
386
dGh CGdG jM
386
jObG j G
387
dhDGh SG
387
ITQ cM O H dGh HdGh dG f dG
387
TdG Gh adG g eh J he LhCGh J h SdG UEG bGh
388
dGh UEG
g CJh jObG dG bGh
389
G cdG SfGh LG dG bGh
390
(AdG VhCH b h GTDG dG bGdG
391
WC d F e GgCGh dC d F EG GgCG e beh G jdG jdG gCG
394
U
````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
5-3
395
385
395
395
395
396
396
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
dG
aG Q d G AdG j gL ie
e e
G fGG SGQdG
e d FGdG dG
dG Uh
SQG
QG dG eh AGG a
396
G dM
fGG SGQdG Ff
396
GQG
396
aG GQG
397
aG GQ d dG FdG
398
aG GQG M e HG e dG jgL ie
399
aG GQG Fd e be
400
fGLdG GQG
401
fGLdG GQ d dG FdG
401
fGLdG GQG M e HG e dG jgL ie
402
fGLdG GQG Fd e be
403
LG GQG
404
LG GQ d dG FdG
404
LG GQG M e HG e dG jgL ie
405
LG GQG Fd e be
406
dG
407
d dG FdG
407
dG M e e dG jgL ie
408
dG Fd e be
410
dG dG
410
dGh GQG dG dG CJ
411
dG dG M dG TQh cQGh SQeh e dG AGQG
411
SQG dG
413
G dG
416
U
````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
6-3
419
419
420
421
421
422
429
dG
aG GE d d HG G AdG gC f : dG e e
aG HjEG G f d dG ZdG
aG f dG IQ dG
aG f dG c
dG e eCJ
e U
LG GQhCGh LGG
jG - G dM
435
437
438
439
447
MG
G Y Qh QG ASCH Fb :1 G
G SG QG SQGG ASCH Fb :2 G
G SG Ff :3 G
H d dG QdG G De :4 G
````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
WCG Fb
354
2005 L- OG EG :e G dG dG :1-1-3 QWEG
362
jdGh HdG e e WGGh fEG M HdG :1-2-3 QWEG
````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
CG Fb
dG SCG SQG O :1-2-3 dG
398
dLEG d aG GQG Se fQ e :1-5-3 dG
398
(%) aG GQG e dG jgL je :2-5-3 dG
401
dLEG d fGLdG GQG Se fQ e :3-5-3 dG
402
(%) fGLdG GQG e dG jgL je
:4-5-3 dG
404
dLEG d LG GQG Se fQ e :5-5-3 dG
405
(%) LG GQG e dG jgL je
:6-5-3 dG
406
AdG id gaGJ ieh GQG gCG M dG TQh cQG AGQG :7-5-3 dG
407
dLEG d dG Se fQ e :8-5-3 dG
408
(%) dG e dG jgL je
:9-5-3 dG
410
AdG id gaGJ ieh dG gCG M dG TQh cQG AGQG :10-5-3 dG
413
(%) SdG cQG M e dG AGQG :11-5-3 dG
414
(%) ISCG Q h
GO FGQG dG JQb M e dG AGQG :12-5-3 dG
416
gaGJ ieh dG gCG M dG TQh cQG AGQG :13-5-3 dG
422
aG EG d d dG MGe :1-6-3 dG
````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
368
hG G Fb
355
361
364
369
G ffEG dG GTDe H
jdGh HdG d IOUG fGG
e dG Z HdG fG S e G FdG
jCG O M IQG Z dG M
:1-1-3
:1-2-3
:2-2-3
: 3-2-3
hG
hG
hG
hG
G dM
372
jG - G dM
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
G dM
349
G dM
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
350
1-3
dG
G dM
dM aG
e bQCG ffEG
G O
,e G Y
, ,gh
eG dG
bNCG dH
j G e dG
eGdGh dGdGh
ffEG
j
f Y aG
LfEGh aG
IAH h
L
G dG
351
Y Ne
edG e I ` CG O dG dG j
``` ``f `` ` `f ```T ` ` ``jQ``L ```
d ``c jdG G Q J jQJ
je e jdG U
VGh CJ
H ffEG a dG h dG ObG
bGdG G``g g e CG e ZdG h . ``
H H J jG dG G
VGhh bO IQH j e j
gGJ dG IjG g e CG EG
O````H ``` aG``` ` ` ` SG G`` ` ` dG ` ` ` h
Fgh G ``J h``M d ``J
b dG Th I G CGh fEG dSCG
EG T h``H ` d Sh .``` ````LG
IjL ffEG jQ M SCGh Gb ASQEG
. hCG LQdH ae e e SCJ
``dG ```SG ``gh aG EG
TCG J jG G Gg
WCG
k
EG jHh
Jb Ge dG UCG
IQ gh aG f dG IQ dG e OLhh
f dG ````dG ``
` ` G `c J
dG IQ dG b e cGh dG HdG
U b hCG e
bGh
bGh gM IQ dG g .IO``
hJ `` EGh aG f dG IQ`` ``eCG
U W J `` ` bCG I`` d ``d
ObGh f dG gh aG e
`````F``dG ` ` ` ` dG ````J ``` dG `` a`` ` `Gh
aG f J eCG f M .Ob d
.1aG h aG ObGh
:aG h aG
dGh G
bO jJ
Q dG dG e d
dO j J fCG Z aG
fdG e L fEG : dH g CG EG
SGQ d edG WCG - G dM
dG OH f ``j`` G `` f
I G SdGh LG ``WCG
dG H GHEGh aH jdG
j G GA a SJ `H F dG ` G
.aG AHh
SG Ea gG g EG GOSGh
ShDhQ IQGOEGh OLCGh SG MCG dG
LCG e f dG j Jh j h G``eCG
c QdG OdGh dG fEG
dG IgG jdG UdG EG
jh ``` G Gk Q`` ` J j
Q dGh dG UH CG a efG
QHH G aG cG j
G adG Sh j ``dG G``HEGh
EG .I``` G `` c h Ze Q``WEG
``b ` G dH ``a```G ``b `
H dG fCG d gG J
j dG GMEG Hh G G dG
. a edG
dG dG ``j```J E` `a ``` g ``e
IQO````G ``e ``` ` ` Gh Q``` ``H ` ````G
SdG jdhCG Qj CG j b G
j fEa jdG JGSGh
gJ CG dG LfEG UdG gCG
O``` ` ` bG ` ` ` bEG ` ` ` ``` ` ``` H
. edG dG EG Uh LGh
G edG aG hCG
a h G H aG b
.OHCG IOe Jh dL b
GJh
f dh d jb aGQ aa
AGOCG HjEG Q J CG Ea ddh I G
.HSCG h dG
S G
dG Q Jh CG J S jh
a d V G dG
aGJ QG
GHEG SCG j Jh LfEG gGh
dG ```dG J ``` H Gk Q``` ` HGh
J ```dG j dG `` ` G ``` fEGh
c G EGh . Q`` gO Gh fEG O``Lh j
? `d e G M g a dc ``eCG
dG aG eG SG M CG EGh
eh ?i`` CG I``b ``jCG dG `` g J
g eh ?aG dG j
bGh g
S J dG Gh GG W
?dG adG G Gg
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
dGh j Gh aG KK
:2009 d HdG aG j J G
M aG CG e e UGJ f
L ``e ``H h ```G `` `j ``` ` fEG
OG``aCG MJEH WG O ` cCG
d k fh IGOCG g G c G
. bdG f
e M d aG cG CG bGdGh
a Gk H fd d UCG G
L ffEG d S jCG EGh
fU ``g dG E` a `` ``eh .```J``
Z .SSCG ``gQ`` h ag ``gh aG
c U H aG cG CG
dHh SDeh k a h k jQJ
.gfh LfE dG
``` ` LhCG ` ` ` ``` ` ` ` dG ` ` J``J
dG O dG X J ``gh fEH
QHG SfCG Jh G jM J
Gk Oh`` j ``e S EG `j``d G`` HEGh
dG jM a aGJ e Gk ```U``bh
I G GQOG a J h fEGh dGh
WG dG H dG `fCG d
``eh ``a``` G ``` WG`` ` Oh ``` SG``dG ``g````
``UG```dGh cQ d ``U``a ``e
J CG ``` EG ;``U``` ` G ` `Lh
aG j J) hCG `` ``` I ` ` CG
GQ Sd IGOCG aGh .(2009 HdG
h jM dh JGQbh dG
Adh dGh e G
dh dG
``jhG``dG ``` M `` gh I`` gO`` G ``````G
j J) edG ffEG dG d
c . (2003 d HdG ffEG dG
EG 2009 d HdG aG j J j
h ae `fCGh Jh jM aG CG
HdG G``g j CG hO jM h``H J
Gg h .H fG
dH QGbEG
fCG EG f j dG j jCG dG
ffEG dG b f e
FdG fG f SG b f aH
e h .dG e aG j dG
G Eq G
aG
U H
k jQ ,
,SDeh k a Kh
dG dHh
gfh LfE
CG S j
Q h
QG dG Y
dG Y aG
a d G
gGh
j h LfEG
YGHEG SCG
kGQHGh
352
G
G G
OLH MGU
Yh .NEG
LGe Y
G H
OQGG Mh
eRdG
G dM
Y j G j
dG dG
HdG G
a ,OdG
dG Y
jOhO G
j HG eG
dG EG ``gO``` L ``L```d ` ` O``cCG
d edG SCG ``MCG Q H dG
jJh dG dGh WdG HdG IQG h
A dG fdH dG ```dGh `` WCG
dG ```SGQ``dG Ff d WdG
ffEG `` ``dG `` dG d
.(2009 G LGh
353
SGQdG ce CG dG dG cCG
IEAPS Gh ObG dGh
kG cGQ G CG (2004 j CG eL)
EG `` `ZCG i```j ``a```G `` Gk ``c
fh LfEGh aG EG ddG Q dG
HdG a `` ```d````TCG ` c ``g````fh
dGh dG fEGh eCG h jdGh
AGOCG Sb e GTDe CG c . dG
dG h``dG dG IQOdG G
G aG ObG dO CG J (KAM)
e G f J dO CGh 3.54 H 2007 d
dG dO H M 4.37 H f d
hO 1.95 f ``` `d ``j`````dG OQG`` `Gh
dG dGh dGh Q dG ie MG
e jdG dGh dG a
SG ``e``f``dG J ITe
e G CG c .(HdG e e UE
I``j`` ` ` G ```J G``J ``e ``j``H``dG
dG ``SQ`` ```Vh ``` SQ``G Q```d``c
h dG dGh h dG dG WCGh
IOL Vh dG d jdG eA e
GQ dG d jQh dG SSCG dG
fG AGG e jdG cCG c GQGh
dh .(``` e``G ````dGh `` ` dG ````dG
Qbh MGU dH G G a G
iDhQh
``e ``eCG j `` LGe
. dd e dG feEG Mh Se
ZdG
VGG FdG g JCJ
```H`` `d `````` `G OQG`` ` `Gh O````G ``e
fGG ``e %27.1 gJ ```dGh jdGh
2005 - 2002 GdG d h dh d edG
SDe ``F`` EG I````G CG efH)
```dGh (2009 ````e G ``` TGQ ``H ```
H HdGh IAG dG e
cCa GS 10 gQ CG J dG cdG
EG 1994 S %45.6 e de JQG M
dG G ```JQGh 2009 S %60.3
e ``gQ``` CG ``MhG``G ````WCG ``SQ````d
%97.5 EG %52.4 e S 11 h 6 H
j J Ge
H Jh WdG iG
dG id Ge HQCHh h dG SdG
QcdG EG fEG f d f SdH
%96 EG %66 ``e ``F G``` H G ``` ```d G
JGSEG jje/WdG HdG IQG h)
.(2011 dGh AMEGh
aG fh dd i CG G dG eCG
SGQ d edG WCG - G dM
%3.49
GE jaEG L fQ G S
f dG SH f jJh dG Uhh
.3GdG %1.65 h %2.07 EG
``f`` ` J `` ` G`` ` ` ` fG `` ` h
G `H j e hCG JGh e G
``HCG Ig dG j dGdG
QOCG ``` G CG ``j ``bG``dG E``a ``a```G
e W J IQh``` Vh `F```S``dG ``g ````gCG
``f```G i`` CG ``e`` ` Gh `F```S``dG
jdG Q`` ` ` dGh ````dG EG S ``a``` G
h EG jOhOGh IOG d
CG g eh .jQGOEG eG AGOCG
JEGh a e AdG d j G
e FSdG g SG FXh G SG
e dG ` d ``cD` J c I````G G`````dG
jdGh H d WdG G e ITdG
.(2007 jdG J HCG
LddG G SG FGa d Sh
G Ea I G aGe bdG
LCG e bdG G JGSEG J
dG ```b``dG O`````bGh ``e`` ``G
L H 2013-2009 IdG
1-1-3 QWEG
f
JfeEG ec J e dGh f ... dG T
h eGG H VdG Ad G eGdGh cG ZQ
SdG jZ ``e``L e e
k b fG `d h JM f
IG CG e Oeh U e e c j dG f jh
QGh e G GSG a Oa
` E `d edG G``M``H dGh
.fEG dG S Jh eG SGh dEG dGh
``` ` ` ` Gh OG`` ` ``aCG `` `` ` ` ` H
j J d CG G UhCG bh
MdG d MdG I b SH CG
G```TGh LQ h WdG ` GO HQG
G GQOG Jh Wh he
LdJdG j G G QHH
FGdG dG fhdEG b dG
dG cGe e Gb `HQ e (dG
a dG dG dh .dG dG
gG c d jV GA EG e Q J
jf J c %18 OhM dG dG
GdG dG e %1 feEG g jdG
j c . g dG %0.8 V ``G
G``HEGh dG d Wh hU G``MEG
h G eSEGh dhdG fe e
S c j CG
UGh edG
e G dG dhDe
J j J
.LddG GHEGh dG dH G
G dG dG SDe OJ
J a .Xf H Hj fCG Z
eG dG hJ IOe b EG
G 01-00 fb QhU e U ``dG
MW `` h``` ` e ``` e``G ```d ` ```S``H
dH GS I ie
dG d
S e JQG J JCG eL d
cGdG jW IG dG he
``ZQh .(2008 d ` ` CG ``` ``G
G Ea dG fEG dhG OG
dG dG
V `L```fEG j
iS dG HCG ge j a
Uh b H 2004 S %0.87
G
G SEG
bdG G
LCG e
O bGh e G
bdG
354
LdG aG EG
Y ddGh
IGOCG d dG
dG eCd
,a h
IGOCG g EGh
d
fEG IOS
gaQh
dG e SG `M 1990 `` Q```X e
IFL
U G S JQeCG ObG
.fEG adH G HCG
Hf
d HdG ffEG dG j J jh
SJ fCH jdG dG e 2002
GQ fEG SQ j c a .GQG
LG Hh ObG H IOe
EG ``Mh .`` ` Hh SS Hh
hG
1994
67.9
2009
72.9
1991 1987
57
2009 2008
(+) 32.2
1991 1985
332
2009 2004
132
1994
2933
2008
1611
1994
3.28
2008
2.36
1994
45.0
2009
60.3
1994
60.2
2009
90.5
2001
51.3
2009
49.9
2001
12.5
2009
9.1
G dM
LG dG
G DG
(S IOdG I G eCG
(M Ode 1000 d) WCG ah e
(M Ode 100.000 d) eCG ah e
W d dG O
(ICGeG d WCG O HG TDe
10 ddG d HdGh IAG dG ae e
(%) Ca GS
11 6 H e
(%)
Ca S 15 d d dG e
(%) ddG
2009
AHdG H JG SCG f
2009
92.4
2009
97.4
2009
83.9
1994
51.5
2009
57.3
(%) WdG
(%)
(%) h
(%) dG
2010 2009
355
WCG SQd a dG dG
(%) S
dG
G ffEG dG bGh
OG`` YEG ` ` Y ``` ```S````fGh ``H``` G
aG AdG
ShCG QWEG :ffEG dG
aG
gG e ffEG dG e j
fe e j dGh dH G
Q fCG
L Jh j f OHCGh
G ``` U``` ` ` G h ``e ` ` M``` dG
SGQ d edG WCG - G dM
Q S d JSDe Gh OGaCG
MGG e AGHG eO dG LCG G
``SCGQ ``e ``j``b I`` ``b Ad hCG jdG
G Q`` ``dG j ```dG dG ``G
ahh LGh ObGh LddGh
aGH ` d h O ``dG dG LM
dGh ``````dG ``` `` `G ```J``L````MG
dG dG aGJh LGh dGh
jQOb e WGe Gd SG
GQb CGh U GG e dG
Qc id e cCG dG QU id dG
.dG ` he ``g W a
aG aGf q J Ia H d dGh
j CG IOH G d j dG
. Gk e
QG```bG
jJh AdG OG`` EG EG
AH ```` ` dGh dG ```` `dG ````j
U dH a G fGh aG
HdG G `````dG I`` ``b CGh
.dGh adG e ZCG
dG jOe L fEG c GQ f
dG j J ``eCG .G IFd dG
jdG dG j fEa 2010 d jdG
M fE d G j d SJ fCH
dG dO ALh .6gj dG I G j
d gG g G jdG
GTDG fL EG dGh aG GTDe
GOG d dH G
.ffEG d cG
(1-1-3 hG) hL Vf
G Gg e
G ffEG dG GTDe gCG H
``MCGh aG ```ShCG Q``WEG gQ H
G dG G SCGQ jd GG gCG
a dG edG GQ dG J d eh
e dGh I CG jdG
GTDG g
.TdG e h G J fCT
IQ Gh dG a d SCdG j
jdG iDhdH jhJh AdG OG EG jW
G`` `fG
Gk QO`` b ```dG IG
``L```fEG ``a```G A```H ```a H
U TCG aG j c . Jh
jh SM MCG QG```UEG
jQOb
dah IQ H IjL H Sh jW
``gOG`` EG ``H ```j ``dG A````dG I ` ` c
f ``dG A````dGh .```L H jJh
H G j CG j aG
M Gh jdG G dG ``eCG V
dG ```JGQ``b ``e ``a``dG Lj ``
G ``H`````SG G d
. d dGh
d ``H```dG ``a```G j J fh
jhGdG M j LCG AH CG 2011/2010
jh . eCG aG AH
LJ dG UdG H d j dG
eO dG LCG OG EG e e LGJ
J e J ic j dG
dG dGh GQGh jdH AdG
Q``` aCG ``` d``J ``` d ```J ``` dG ```c`` ```dGh
J e j dG AdG gh Uh
d e jdG JbW jH HdG
G j dG G Jh
.IjG fdG
Hd dhdG dG j J ``HCG d
``cQCG (1996) jdGh ``MG``dG `` `dG
J dG HdG J dG HQCG
d f :`` gh I``j``G ``` ` dCG
ed fh d fh
dG CG c .d fh ``j`` G
G j I G ie dG CG G
jdGh MGdG dG dh e q dG
g ``dG dG
j J `fC
HdG 1996 Q``dhO ``L aG
CG ` Z .(fdH ``` ` G ````dG ` d
IWb g e Q H jdGh HdG e e
h ` d``c ```a ` ` ` Jh `````G ``j`` ``d
G d SfG ``` MCG ``e c
hCG HjEG gJ CG dG JSDh
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
j dG Gg j
H d
dG UdG
OGaCG L
Gh
SDe
G QSd
eO dG LCG
IQO H V G Qe h V G a Lf VG Qe J
H AdG f CG Gd eeCG T j e S V a G a
IQ dG HcEG e bJh dG G e Gj CG e
f M VGaG Vh IQ dG CG d dOeh He QU
.eO dG S G EG jdG
G dEG j dG Gh G
2005
hCG MCG
356
H ``aG``J j `` JQ H S
Ife ```fC``T ``e ``d```ah `` ` ``a
J dG G j dGh dG GgCG
.jdGh HdG e e dEG
GQe ``e UdG ``g fc G E``a
LCG e d SSCG c Hh bh
dG Vhh Q dGh dG cH dG
M ``g a aG ``eCGh H
M CG EGh ?UdG g aGJ Tf
jJ dGh HdG e e gJ
g ``eh ? A``` ` dG i``d ``` G `` G ```SCGQ
dG j j dG aG f
J M CG EGh ? Qe jf f dG
d ``e `dG dGh GQ``` Gh GQ`` `dG jd
hS ?aG WG fG d
G ``d``M ``` SGQO ``e ``eO`` `dG dG
dG j M ; SCG g HLEG
```G dG ``` VhC `` ` dG
adG OG`` EG ``jhG``dG M J ```dG
d dG dG d aG
```gQhOh ``e```dG G ````VhCG EG
SGQO Sd HGdG dG JCjh . d
V G J dG dG dG
dG Sh .A````dG J
G dM
GQG
b d Ge UQ eG
fc G EG eh HG AdG id dG dGh
dh .aG G f d gDJ
e GhOCH fSG S dG Gg
`` `M``G ``j``` f ``` e ` J ``e ```` ``` SGQ``d
aG dG e 7jf dG
c AG```S dG JSD IO``L``G
dEG Lh bh .U hCG e J
S d fSGh GQ G e
.```j``d ``` ` dGh GQ````G ``g ``aG``J i``e
SQG AGQG SG S d ah
e dG ``e dG ``g ``e j ``j``dG
feE dh h JGhd a
d I``aG```G dG dG MG
f LH IQSG S c .Je dh
VG CG``dG UCGh jG H
jh .G dG ``e
``jDhQ J EG SOdG a j dG
QhG e eJ HQ
J M e
IQ G
J c d FdG
Ih dG c aeh dG
eCJh dG ZdG e edG
gCJ ```f de dG G
. eCG aG HG AdG
357
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
358
2-3
dG
HG G AdG gCJ f
e G j
H dG dG
I H Oh j CG
WCGh A dG e
GP HdG
IOb Y IQ G
Y OdG f
dG QGe
dGh dG
O bGh
dGh
CG ``H``dG dG ``e G j c
`H```dG `` WCGh A``` ``dG ``e IH Oh`` j
O ` ` dG f IO``` b
IQ`` ` G G
ObGh dGh dG dG QG``e
```dG G`` ` gCG `` ``H ``g ` `J .`` ` ` dGh
e jdGh H d WdG G gOM
dH ef d AdG gCJh OG EG LCG
SG ``M CG E` a .aG
EG ? G``gCG g UdG dG
dG GMC G fGG WEG
`J``gG``cEGh JGe ` ``e ``` G
g e `` eCG ITe j ` J ` ` Gh
. eCGh bGdG H F dG aG IdG
e IdG g M UQ j Sh
J ``dG G ``G ``SCGQ b je
jdG bh jdGh HdG e e
id Sj dG dGh jQGh aG
SGQO e eG dG fG AdG
.(G dM
G dM
G G dG f
aGgCG h
e G Y
S SG
MUEG e
IOe jH dG
dGh GgCG
359
S O ``dG
SG
G H
f G dG dG Lh 1956
GdG M e AGS CJ Vh
hCG ``SQ````dG f M ``e hCG ````S```SCG
d CG Z .O d jdG QGh
e
SG H hCG dG i``e
e fG M dG e dG
S %17 e FGHG dG SQdG
.1964/1963 S %46.7 EG 1957/1956
``M ` ` UEG ``e S ``` G `` ```c
CG Z .```dGh G``gCG IOe jHdG
G LG TdG OG EG j
gCdG gCJ Gh IOG J eh
e `` `` ````V```J ` ```j `` dG ` ` G
dG J dGh jdGh dG dG
dG Gg j dG dGh jHdG
.SSCG gFcQ MCG
jH dGh dG dG
IFdG
GQ jdGh HdG
gdG j
idG LdG e J JGSG Wh
G j c .G dG d
dG UEG h jdGh H d WdG
dGh LH G L EG J
dGh dGh ````gG b ``` CG
aGH d h jdG jHdG dG
```G ``` WCG `` eCG dG ``ah h``` ` dG
gDe e fjh J e G d
.I G ie dG jQObh
e edG j jdG g H EG
d `` j dGh gG ``e jdG
fdG JLMh ```WCG H dG
LGh aGh dGh fGLdGh
dG ```f f ` b``dG j ```c
SdG dG Gg e G HdG
GQh`` ` `eh ``` ```dG I```` G h `` ` F``` dG
jdGh HdG d j c .SQG
OG`` `aCG `` `` ` e``c ` ` F``X``H `` ```j CG
dG cG Ua OG``aCG Gh
ef d gDJ dG GQGh QGh
GaSG c dG UGeh dG I G
dG Q```XEG H G jdGh hdG
;JGOLGh JGQb gCG c gGh
` `gD`G ``e GA``` ` d``H `````G ``jh``` Hh
AdG SEG
jQO dG edGh
.``j`````G ````L ` ` ````W``d ``UG```G
HG G AdG gCJ f - G dM
SJ Le F h ZH LJ dG
. ` `` `UEG GQO`` ` `e ` L``J ``` G``MEG
e G ` j`` ``c``M ` ` ` `fG G`` ` G G``g
dG ``j`` h `````SD`G ``j`` ` Jh ```f``f`` `dG
HJ dSCG h gG LGeh LZGdG
.dG h jdGOQGG
dG `` ``dG ` ` G SG `` eCG
H SQ d SG fEG G O J
H f dG e CG M e H dh
G jQ J U h OcCGh SSh
d `` G VdG c e Q H d .(dhdG
` `WEG ``` ` SCG ````f Q`` ` d``H `` ` ``H Q``` j
GhCG f e e ie H UEG ejO
j d Le bQh OEG MCG :QG
a .G da c a gJ M
J ib gCG IQOe UCG
bCH W b GZh Jh G EGh
fL EG G Gh ``dh``dG j
AcdG ` ch ``j````dGh ```H``dG `````SD`e
2009/2000 jdG `` ` CGh . G
d
jdGh H d Wh j
```c``dGh ```dG d edG jdG
L Hh d jdG dG aQ
OG```dG dG dG d ``U``
eA eh dG IO``L h ``SQG````H
eh I G bGdh dG S L
.IjG dCG
IOL hJ dG UEG dG gCG eh
:dG jHdG e G
hCG dG ``SCG g IO`` EG t
j H dGh f dGh FGHGh
G G dG ``e``H `` CG G```d
hL GMEGh Gh OcCG hCG dG
;8 dG H QLh ce
dGh ``g``` Gh ``eG``dG ```LG``e t
.eG d ```FGO G`` MEGh SQG
AGHG Qh``H dG dG CG c
LGe 2003 jCG/S ``a ``e
j `aG``gCGh g
. GgCGh gGh iG IOL
`J`` `` `jEGh ```SQ``G ``e``dG `j```J t
dG SGQdG dG UCG M
e J f dGh OG`` EGh FGHG
dG `````dG ``e ` e``c k ` ``` ` SCG 34
1200 EG 1000 Q j e CG bC G
j `` ` d `j```J ``` h .`` ```S
Gh G d IG I Gh
; dG SD d
j eCGh HdG dG jQJ t
Vh J dh ;LCG dG `` `JEGh
(2011) jG QSdG j eC G
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
H jGdG e UG OG ``g
ITe ` ```SG H ``aQ ``dG ```g``G
. jdGh MdGh dGh HG QT
e U ``e QG`` ```SG `` `` c ```c
M WdG HdG IQG h SCGQ GbJ
dhO Jch Gj h 38 bJ dG Gg
.2005 h 1955 IdG
dhO Jc Ff hCG
fEa HdG j d AD``g HQ e ``eCG
j J G G) fe FGO J
.(2006 G
dG jf
LEG g
dG Uh Y
dG
Ob ,eRCG
UEG fG EG
QL
H dG UEG OL
jdGh H d WdG G
dG d G ```V``dG ``dq h
GMe H VG dG J jf
SdG dG id JU
H ` f``L EG `` ` `O`` cCGh ``` H`` ` ` dGh
Uh
```LCG ```dG ``` dh``dG dG
EG O``b e CG dG VdG
dG `` GhCG QL UEG fG
dG jJ a .```V``G `` `dG ``e
c ```V jdGh ``` H``d``H ``` U``G
LGh jObGh dG ddG
UEG SGQO LCG e H dGh SdGh
Jjeh c SCG c jHdG e G
dG EG SQG b e dG e AGHG
ZH dG g CG LJ bh .dG
M UEG hj dG jdGh HdG e
e J IjL a
j eT
J T HdG M UEG G J
SGQdG dG e e AGHG jQJ H
H dG b UCG
e jdGh
Wh aG
Yheh
MUEG j
a g M
G da
.2001/2000
G dM
ef dG AL
SG
I h jd
e G UEG
jH dG
L d S
SfEG Ij G
bGdG Y
ke H dG
OGYEG Y KDS
G fEd dG
aG
dh d jCG SQ d L Z dG
HQG ce GUQ gQ H
J ``f``b O``` jh .A``` ```SG h`` H
j eC d SdG H dG J MGe
h dG `` LeOEG ch
d h jdhCG G edG I G
XH e dG e J d
e eG dG .SQ d H
.(2011 HG G QSO
E d IjG dG SG t
; UGdGh
f VH gGh dG J t
` gD` G h `` ```G ```U``d `e```T
gG jh .9JCaeh Jh
jCG e dG e HgGh jH
H J L SDe G``MEG
ZdH fCG Z . gCdG dG jf
` `fG ``e ` ```dG `HG```dG ``g ``e
jdGh H d WdG G J
e dG ADg CG H gDhZEG j
e dG jdH `` H G j
dG dG aJh cGG M e
j CG d j M jQh dG
LGe QOb Z H e SCGQ e
. d Gh ``` fG ````G
SG efdG O G e bh
J e G UEG I Jh jd
gGh dG d ee he
c. jQh dG OQG`` G `d ```UQ
:QWEG Gg
``M `` ``bO ``` SGQO ``` EG ` H``g``G ```e ``dG ``j ``J `` `j``
dG S e b fG WdG OG```eG
```d``` ```SG ``` ` b ` ``d h `` FG`` ` `HG
;U H H cGeh
jf dGh dG jf G``MEG 1-2-3
hG
10
361
IOUG fG G
GdG
He gQO H 37.43
2008
He gQO H 46
2009
He gQO H 49.5 f
2010
HG G AdG gCJ f - G dM
e dG SCG
aG FGdG OG``G
JH SQ
Gk h d J
fG dG J efH QWEG d h
ISCG dCG 74 e e IG SCG O
ISCG `dCG 162 EG VG GdG
I ` CG GdG c .2010 S
``` ` SQ``G ` ` ` dGh ` a``` G ``j ``J
We I dG ```SCG ```WCG
dG JQGh . e 4.04 G
dH %600 e cCG d SQG
Le e jG e dG O EG
.(2011-2010 HdG FMEG
fc ``e````dG O````G `f``L EGh
J I ` `Jh ``a``d ````Wh `````J `d```g
```dG ````G ` ` ` ```dGh ``SQ``` ` dG
`` ` ` ` ` dG ````g````S ` `` `M `` ` `M`` ` `J
EG ``` G``fCG G `` ```Gh
hG EG h G e O fL
O f CG c .(2005 S G
HdG IQG h b e d MG G
``WCG ``j``` Jh ``` dG ``` ```dGh ````W``dG
SGQdG
J dG dGh
JQG 2010 / 2009 SGQdG SG
.11e dCG 144350 EG d
f H ``M ` ` UEG ``g Hh
( S 11-6) dH UG SQdG
dG FMEG M 2011
gCG Vj `` h .%97.5 dhDG
``` H``dG `` ` ` d `` dh`` dG ``` ` d``J ````dG
IOUG GO G J jdGh
.(1-2-3 hG d
HdG UEG OL WCJh dh
OG fL EG
f ,edG
Wh dg
I h ad
dGh SQdG
dG G Y
M
Y GMEG
Yd SDG e
OL WC h
H dG UEG
1-2-3 QWEG
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
362
G dM
O G Q
G ,dhG
jH dG e G
e
gG EG e
NEGh
ef dG j
SG
G e Le
H d WdG
hjh jdGh
UEG AYEG
dH kGjL f
h j Y
363
dG LdG G e jdG
U
EG dd MG jdGh
. dG hCG dG
UEGh SG ef dG
jdGh H dG e e
Le SG ``e``f``dG j
h``jh jdGh H d WdG G ``e
dH Gk ``j``L f ` ` UEG A`` ` EG
IQG h Vh d LCG eh . J Jh jJ
WCG jJh dG dGh WdG HdG
dG dG
G Gg dG dGh
.(2012-2009) GS ``HQCG ie
eh ?IjG dG gG jdGh
dG ffEG dGh GQGh jdG f
?AdG id gjJh SZ EG j
H d WdG G e hCG dG EG
jdGh HdG F O EG j jdGh
```` `Gh ``` e ` ` SEG I``` ` ` dG `` ` ```G
A``a``dG ```d``Lh `` ` `dG ````dGh jQSdG
IQ G e G`` ` fGh dUC d
dG iG ``cD`jh .jdG ffEG
J dG UE d idG G``gCG
GQGh QG TdG LCG cEG
dG I G LefG eDJ dG dGh
A`` `JQGh `` WCGh A dG ``e f jJh
dG
IQ dG O
e jdH
``` `G ` ` ` Uh ` ` UG``` dG ``` ` H``bh ``JG``dG
. a Jh GHEG Jh fGh
jdG dg j d e ZdG h
g `` ```S ``M CG E``a .Dh``` ` ` dG ``e
IO``L
``M ` ` UEG ``e ``e`` G
dh G ``L`` eA eh dG
e e ` `` ```SG ``M CG EGh ? ````dG
GQ dG G cEG jdGh HdG
``e``f `d ``` `gD`J ``` dG ``` ` dGh GQ`` ` `Gh
?aG HjEH G fGh
```H``dG ``e`` `` `` G ``bG``dG `` j
` C` J `` e ``` J G`` `J `` ` `fCG ``j``` ` dGh
`` `` `` ` `dG ` ` `` ` ` Gh `` ` `gG`` ` `cEG
U ```eCG J e jQGSG
OG ```c``Jh S 15 ``e ` cCG ddG
j dG GQ``` G G ````cEG
ceh SQG QdG IgX QGSGh
L d Q```Gh G iG ``J
. dG S L jdG eA e h
Ia OLd TDJ bQG g EG
jCG TDJ fCG c ;G G SCGQ W
fgdGh j d cGh G H d
EG ;HG dG dG e j dG
fgQ j CG d G J Lj
fgQh jW O d cGJ dG ```eCG
fG hT fEG G V G
J ``e ``j``j ``e ``gh ;``a```G EG
QG G Mh G G HUh
.(j d Le bQh
J ``` dG ``U```dG ``e ``Z``dG ` ` h
j dG ``jQ``G ````dGh GQ`` ``dG
e QhH j dG dG CG EG dG
HG G AdG gCJ f - G dM
GE dG SG LJ Zh i CG OH
gUQ dG b E G dh . f G GMEG
I ` ``dG `` ` ` CGh ``````SG ``e``f``dG
jdGh dG J he gO dG
G J j a .eCG d J
j IOb f O Gh HdG dSC
dG OQh G J dG
.``b``fGh G dG M A H j
M UEG d SG efdG Ea Gd
`` ``G `` `` ``e ` ` EG ``g h G``j``L
``HQ`` `e ```dh ``j``` ` dGh ```H`` `d ``` W``dG
Gg e e Jh
LCG e IjL
a ASQG gj fCG a CG
``WCGh VGh G``gCG O G CG hG
. dGh H d a dGh IO e
V LQG hGh ``eG``dG EG
Jh .IOe SG efdG Q``WEG
j dG hG MCG dG SQe
a .bGdG VQCG
H J EG
````W``dG ```H``dG IQG h JTH ``H``
c d ahh 2010/2009 SGQdG SG
.jOhOGh LfEG d dG F O
d ``` cG``e IO``` ` e ````Wh ``` SQ``e ```a
dGh dG iG dG GG
e H A JQG EG J .dGh HOCGh
IQOb Wh He SQe h jHdG
HdG VdG ``e dG G``MEG
LdG FGHG dG a iOJ dG
ef dG EG
d SG
GjL MUEG
YEG g h
G e
H d WdG
dh ,jdGh
e IjL HQ e
h
LCG
Gg ee
NCG
2-2-3
hG
/2007
/2006
/2005
/2004
/2003
/2002
/2001
/2000
/1999
/1998
2009
2008
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
1999
368553
33177
32419
36518
34294
34950
23822
26229
46754
29676
34859
35855
SQG
f dG
596744
166901
142420
154423
133000
e G
fG
SQG
e dG Z HdG h eCG HQ
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
GdG
364
GE jG f J M h`` `dG
dG c EG d S Ojh 15%56
Q``` dG ``J``g``X ``e GQ``` ` J ` ` cCG ``` g
.SQ dGh SQG
G dM
Ig EG
,SQG QdG
Y Y IhY
,SQdG
gj e Ob
e f e
8 H e WCG
G S 16h
SQG QN
WCG j
LMG hhP
e UG
G bG
f HG
e %5.2
dG
365
UG dG e G
J CG jCG J gh SGQdG G
dG EG JJ I H e SQe
h JGdG dG
O Gh SQG
SZh G OLGh cQGh QG G
jJh ```e ``dG Sf G dG
``H```jEG ` ` UG``` dGh ``` WG``G ` ` ```H``dG
. G eh GdG e dGh
a f dG ```U```dG SQe `` eCG
``` S``e `` e ` ` ` fG ``e``f``H `` IQ`` ` `
f ```U``a ` a``J ``` H 1998/1997
G hCG ` ` SQ````G ` Z ``` WC ` d
eCG
A dG `LCG e SGQdG
HdG d fV He h
G QSO UG dGh
WdG G jJ dGh HG
eCG `` j ``dG jdGh H d
.f dG e O e dG Z HdGh
Ih
SQG QdG IgX J EG
gj e O``b SQdG J ``
S 16 h 8 H e WCG e f e
GAMEG Jh .SQG Q G
S 16 h 8 ``H `` ` `WCG ``e %22 CG
CG c .SQG SDG Q hLj
jS SQG hQOj J 200000 f
HhG ``FG```HG J A``` fEG b
f CG Z .(2004 d edG
GdG LGJ S SQG QdG
S %5.7 ``e fG ``M I ` ` CG
2010-2009 S %3.1
EG 2006-2005
%10.8
EG %13.6 ```eh ``FG````H``H
G VdG Gg dh .13 OG EG f dH
HdG Ob e g WCG e dG d
EG J SQe J C e dG Z
H SQG Z WCG e dG g
de hCG e dG dG LeOEG
Jh G`` ` fG ``j``` Jh ````G ``j````dG
G``gCG d ``G G L
GQOeh OL Ob bh . d HdG
SdG ``g `ah e dG `Z HdG
dG
edG
h H
Le SS
U CG EG
e dGh
LMG hP
UG
SGQdG H
%88.6 CG fGG
SQG e
HG
IQ dG
G SG Y
LddG
G C
366
%22.7 h
Lj
IOL ie
QGh dG
ASH G
GP SDG H
ReG
G dM
Oj b
dG Lf
EG edG id
Gh
SQG b e
jQdG FGd
e dG
e
HUh aG
367
G c %45.3 IQdG
j ` d CG
.( G ` `ZCG
j G LZGdG ``d```SCG SG
%37.1 G M
dG jQc
( G ZCG %39.4 h G c
%65.7 gG M
dG e T dGh
( G ZCG %27 h G c
CG ```H .( ` ` ` G 2-3 h```G `` ` fG
j j Gh j dG FG dG H G
XJ ``SQ``G MG G G S SQ
.OG dG j H
O``` ` G `` j`` H`` dG ``e`` ````G ` `a``` h
fHCG IO LZGH FGWh Ge
i CGh IQ e jHJ fCG
HG jdGh HdG e T
jdH HQ G ASQEG SG QWEG a
e QWEc ``eOEG LZGH O G
``g```S `` ``j````d``H ``HQ`` ` G A``` SQE
GO LZGH QG``Mh M ejO Q
WCJh J `Lh dG SDG
GG fc EGh Gg ;GQ G Vd
dM `` ``e G ` ` c `` H ``j``H``dG
EG j h . SQG id JQG e
cQG SQG e eg f CG DhdG
MU j dG GH UG SG
Je J cEG IQhV EG JHSG L
e dG dG dSCGh GQ```Gh GQ`` `dG
` jQ``J ` ` e ``a``` G ```` G`` ` f ` d
HLCG M `` ``dG dG
` `d G
fh G``L Qh```V ``eCG fCH %79.3 f
J eCG .e f k jQhV fCG iJ %16.4
%83.2 f Ea LG OG
dG
J %16.1 fh G``L QhV `fCG i``J
%87.1 f iJ c e f k jQhV
f k jQhV GJ %10.1 h GL QhV fCG
CG c .( G 3-3 hG fG e
Q``` aCG j ` ````G ` ` SQ``G e
dG M SZ e G Gd IjG
e G`` `aGh %78.9 TdG aGh
cQj fCGh (e M EG G aGh %19.5 h
VhCG M F h G Gg S
ffEG d e aG CG %91.6
G SQG e %54.8 c EGh Gg
Gd f dG dG
hcj dGj e
ffEG dH gG M G
.( G 5-3 h 4-3 dhG fG
TG a TG
f Oq ` LJ
q Lj ` fCG q `H SQ d
``HQ``` G ` ` SQ``G i`` d ` ` FG``Wh ``` ```dG
JSQ CGh ``````SG `cQ````G
``d```SCGh `FG`` `dG a ``` dG
j dG FG da .j dH j G
gG T O c dGh HdG
%55 SGh H SQ
dG e j dG
( G ZCG %21.7 h G c
`` SQ`` dG ``H``` c `` ` G ``g ``d``ch
HG G AdG gCJ f - G dM
e dG dG LZGdG SCG
GQ dG Lh H W CdG
j g eh .G dG J dG
`F``X``dG QG`` Z ` ` ``` ```dG `` ```eCG
d e Lh G edG i`` CG
jdG G HdG WCG dEG j jH
dSCG j J dG ddG GQ dGh
IQ`` ``G `````G ``L``M Q```Jh ``` ```dG
dH dG GG cGJh I Gh
G``HEGh QHH G dGh dG
.jQ e GOGaCG G e j dG
e GO`` ` cCG dG SQG jh
dG b edG XG
dhGG SQ d LEG OdG j M
2011 S .SQG dG
SCG
I SCG 120724 e SQe 279933 f
Me I ````SCG 26966 e 73343
I SCG 16483 e 55113 h OG EG f dG
77275 e 151477 h gCdG f dH
```F````MEG ``L``e ``FG``` H``H I ``` ` SCG
IJSCG O eCG (2011/2010 HdG
9867 f 2007 S H a dG dG
.He eL 15
e G SCG
QGOEGh HdG WCdG j ah
QG SG e f a e d
20
jdGh HdG
fc ``h
SQG j dG dG H Je
dG ``W `` ``H ```` `ZCG ```U `` `a
CG a j dGh j G dSCG H
Q G
XGG CG
e %90.9
%88.4 O q T f bdG h I c gCG d
ddG cQ d I dG gCG
e
.( G 6-3 h``G fG dG
e dG i``d H G jdG V ``eCG
d aGj SQG H J a
j Jh aG cQGe d dG bdG
SQG e %42.2 U a .G FGOCG
dH e fC j bh q L CH
M dG CG J e edG
e ` cCG k ac k bh C` H a %15.2 O``aCG
JJ fC j (k SG S 5
e ` ` ```d`` `e ` ` e ``` FGOC` H
.( G 7-3 hG fG
j h SQG OGYEG
jdGh H dG e e
a %15.2
SQG e
HG
CG j
fC bh
FGOCH
dG
G G AcCG SQG j
``T ``e ```a . dG ` j`` h j d
d gCJ gDG SQG CG
1-2-3
dG
160000
140000
120000
100000
LG
fEG
80000
60000
40000
20000
0
FGHG
OG EG f dG
gCdG f dG
2011/2010
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
368
G dM
G fG j
dG e
G e jdG
G f
h SQ
je
bO j
G gD
d
hG
(fdG) gCdG
OGYEG
FGHG
dG
27602
3525
8720
15357
2004
38446
5776
11326
21344
2005
1149589
23647
80221
45721
2006
125662
27517
85224
12921
2007
341299
60465
185491
95343
G
`g 2008 d
369
CG G :QG
HG G AdG gCJ f - G dM
dG SQG f e fL JQG
UEG OL e ZdG h .```f h b
OQG``G C` H `` ` dG ` fCG EG M dG
dG IO dG J dG jdG
EG
`dG M J dGh jHdG
LG hCG O``G dG
cG G JQU J j
CG `` ``` g `` eh `` eC` `G ````dG I ` `Jh
j dG UE SG efdG
jJ
dH dG G``g QG``J EG
UEG dG dG GQbh fe
. SQG U Hh
G jdG
``jCG f ` ` CG 2010 S T
j e 2.6 GM H G jdG
SQGh ```SQ``G IFd e jJ
Gh Gh ``j``j``Gh G``j``Gh
.SG efdG he J H
j dG H g Gj fCG Z
j H j d SSG L G
.IOG aGgCG G jdG a
` ` SQ``G ``` ` ` ` SG ``F``` f `` `jCG `` bh
j EGh ``` ` ` dG G`` g `` M Q``` ` ` dG
UdG CG SQG H a .SM H
cQGe Jh J UG d MG
Z ``eCG ``e``G A``` CG ```a```Gh jdG
``e`` ` `d ` ` %14.3 ` ``aGh ``aG``` e
IQf a (e f %42.9 aGhh
```dGh ``gQG``` H j d ```U``G ``cG``G
c e IOSGh dEG fG
f e ZdHh . d eCG J
H f fCG EG HG HLEG
Heh SQG jH jdG CG
ie j dG j dH IG
Q dH aGe Z ``eCG ge J J
( G 11-3 hG fG G
e G VEG T hH gj e gh
. dGh jHdG
SQG IM i A JQG EG
G Jj CG ``gQh``H j j
.jJ dEG j jdG G i
fG FdG gJ CG j g eh
H h``dG `` ``dG G
.JG dd VS c SGQdG OGG
21
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
e dG Y
UEG OL
,MdG
jdG OQGG
Y RdG M
OG j dG
YLGh
A QG Y EG
IM i
j SQG
j
G j CG gQhH
G i
dEG j jdG
j
370
G dM
G Ff f
SGQO
e fQ H fe
HdG G
dhdGh
FdG Q
G Gj
QG Y
dhdG dG
HjEG YdGh
Ff e
e IOSGh
371
hdG dG Ff
G a QT dG dG Ff XCG
AGOCG V 2006 d H h 2007 J S
dG G G e d G
fh (2008 d CG G J
.FdG g e e gCG j e
dGh jdG Ff
.(2007)
dG SGQdG Ff
d WdG ef d
2008 SGQdG dG
MW hdG d fG FdG EG
e e jOhOe M ic SG e
I ` ` c V Q`` CG `` ``H``` G dG
ZQh .e EGh Gh SdG ShCG
``cQ``` ` G G``` j ``` G E` `a ``d
e ``H``` jG ` ````dGh ``` dh``dG ````` ``dG
.e IOSGh Ff
dAG L HSGh QWEG Gg h
e d ``` ` SGQ``dG d ``` ```G
L d G jdGh QG eA eh
`` CG `````Gh ``` ````LGh ``jO`````bG
dG ``S``` `d ````` `J ``` ` Wh ````SGQO
dG jf HQG e dG id SGQdG
.2008/2007 SGQdG
e SGQdG dG Ff Jh
eGdG IQ G GgCG CG 4-2-3 hG
dG e bCG hCG dG H EG J
fH ``e j ```c .``` G ````MCG
dH U FdG ZJ hG
S ``M `` ` ` dGh ``` ` V``j``dG ``JO``
SOdGh HGdG W JQG Ff
JOG LGJ g M H FGHG
dG eCG .OG EG d dGh dG ie
W JT a fdGh HdG
FGHG LGdG H j OG EG
.G dG Vh M j b
HG ```SQ``G `F`` EG j
`` ie ``e ``j```c A```H ` ` ``g```
` ``e ````` ```dG OG`` `G ` ` GO ``` ` ``Uh
G gQ dG jGh QG W J
comptences IG jdG SGQdG
e f feEG ``M``JEGh (transversales
iG Ff EG :``FG```HG dG
``` dh``dG ````SGQ``dG ```M ``FG``` HG `` HG`` dG
31 ```J `` G ``` G J 2007 J
dhO 36 UCG e 34 JGh VjdG
AGOCG Se AL bh dG cQe
. f 159 `H hdG G e bCG WdG
G FdG fQ e h
CG cQG HdG h``dG e G
iG U H G MG HQG e dG
FGG H f dG JdG FGHG HGdG
S H e dG HGdGh VjdG
.iG GH cQe H hO
J ``JQhO H AGOCG Q d dHh
FGHG HGdG ie 2007 Jh 2003
j LGJ S G CG M f fEa
.%1.7
f S EG
AGOCG A``L :OG`` EG f dG dG
e dG d VjdG HQG e dG
119 `H dG SG e ` f OCG ie
13 H e 8 JdG G MG bh . f
e fOCG AGOCG Se
Mh H dhO
22
. HdG SG
dGh IAG dG Ff
(2006 dH)
f 323
HQG e dG M
hdG G e fQ H V e gh
e %74 j h ; f 500 EG j dG
W e OG AGOCG e HQG e dG
M HQG e hJ c ;d H
J
M e hQj ``dG SdG
f 334 h G SdG f 363
.ih dG f 296 h G T
40 JdG G MG FdG g Hh
HG G AdG gCJ f - G dM
4-2-3
23
hG
OGYEG 3
OG`G
OGYEG 2
FGHG 6
FGHG 4
%43
%42
%36
%27
HdG
%33
%31
%28
%35
fdG
%29
%25
%44
%34
VjdG
%29
%23
%46
%39
dG
%35
%34
AdGh AjdG
O 2088 d
HG SQG dG QR
j ``a```G ``dh EG
``j``` ` dGh Q`` ` `Gh ``e`` ` ` G ````
dc j `` EGh dG GQ``` Gh
dG dH gjhJh AdG T jJ
.aG QGhOC d e Gk QGhOCG d
J `` `jGh ``e ``` ` dG ``HQ`` ` e ``` h
LG I``` ``Hh dHh dH
``eCG jh .``j`` G e edG Mh
CG G :QG
dG G j
kGRe HG
jd
Y d
jdG M
:iNCG dG
, d
,d
jNG Qd
5-2-3
hG
dG SG
52
% QdG id G
43
G SCGQ
dG Y G G SCGQ
39
2009
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
id G G G SCGQ
% WCG
73
372
G dM
GE ddG j
, aG
EG fL EG
, GQG h QG
dG j
dH gjh h
eRdG
373
dG g Z hCG Q M ie UH dG
SGQdG eGdGh gG dG gQH
e e ```d```J ``` dG O``` G A```` ```SGh
dG g SJ H jdGh HdG
gCG VGSH f ` d ` LCh .AdG
. G Gg dhG OGh WdG
HSG :````SQ``G ````dG ```LG``e - CG
HG G a ```dG d
Dh ``dG
A````dG I e ```ZQh
dG ```LG``e ` ``` ` dG ` `J ``e
HSG dCJ hQ H SQG
jdGh H d WdG G Ld
J CGh ;````SQ``G dG Geh
b IjG GQ d eM
.G dGh WGGh fEG M
````J I``j``L ``c ```Vh ` d``Hh
dh G d dGh dG SG
EG aOdG dhdGh WdG G dh
``a``dG H G ``WG``G jJ
SQ h G bh fEG M
` ` ` ` G ````` eh `` ` ` dG ` ` ` ` dG
cQGh GdG Mh Z e hdGh
b dG jMh SdG I G
.(2007 SQG dG
FGdG dG dG N -
e dG ```H ``fCG d :``eG ` ` d
e e e gG bJh a
Qe g c fEG M b
jQ Gh WdG dG eh dhO
.(2007 SQG dG b)
V ` ` ` ` fCG :``` W`` ` ` dG ``` -
he
bOGh dG
c EG
J SQG dG
`` ``U`` G ``` ` SQ``G ` ` ` dG `` h``` ` e
j b d FG ``bO````G
M b jeh UGe aGJ ie
.fE G
:WGG Y H dG IO``e G``MEG -
g WGG
H d dG dG EG
SQGh GdG WGG / fEG jJ
G h JG JLGhh b
.dEG j dG
I``j`` G ``fh``G O```eh b ``eOEG -
EG SQG dG b :ISCd
IGh``` ` Gh ``` ` fEGh dG ```b ``eO
dG ```H```G I``` SC ` d Q``` ` G IO`` ` EGh
HG G AdG gCJ f - G dM
dG j dG h d J i``eh jd
j dG g CT eh gG d
`cCG Ua e CG I``j``G
jdG M J gJ CGh jQdG
.jd gdGh dAGh
SQG e HG e ``cCGh
Gg H dG dG fGG SGQdG
FG dGh gG gCG j dG
d EGh g J e L e AdG OG EG
M dG VdG - G H
IJSCG G a . `d e edG ``bGh
G CG SG SCG
GHLCG jdG
cG
I e Shh IGOCG SGQdG
e ` aG``e %34.6) ``jQh``` `dG GQ``` G
( d
e f aGe %51.5 h d
G j H e dG j fCGh
aGe %38 h d
e aGe %44.2)
``eG``dGh ``g```G CGh .( ``d
``e `` ``f
O```HCG G jJ `` G``J dG
```G ````dG ``gh d ````S```SCG
e aGe %25.4) LGh GLdGh
( d
e f aGe %53.1 h d
.( G 12-3 hG fG
e d MG dG f
dG N
fGe ```SGQO G H Q```TCG
edG SQGG e jdG HCG CG jM
dG jH e J e TCG
Se HCG ```J CG ``V`` G
SGh A ah LdH G J Lh
AG Meh e d b j
`````G ` ` ``M``` ` e ``j``` H ``` J CGh
G h aGe
aGJ CGh JSDeh
MGdG hT
h dG e cGJ
ITQ dG ` ` ``g``` h d
.(2009 IOGH
SQGG CG SGQdG J IJSCG h
jJ j IJSCG
aGJ CG j
dG IdG ``` G `` j
CGh e ` ` UG``` dGh ``gDh`` ` JQG ````j
f j H W e jb IJSCG Gfj
dG Gh QH j h
d IAc G QOGc IJSCG j CGh
LdGh HdG U ``jGQO h
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
jJ
J eTh e SGQdG
.jdG gOHCG G T
` ```dG ```fG```G ``` SGQ``dG `` cCG ``bh
M e G dM SGQd OG`` EG S
aG G fG AdG jgL
H ``H`` ` ` G ``` `d``H ````a A``` ` dG ```
%47.2 jgL SG H a . Ve
dG ``` M``f ``e ` cQ``` ` G ``` e ` ` dG ``e
e dG e %51.5 d EG j ;
e CG j h ; dd jgG QW
fG edG jgG dM e dG
.(G dM SGQO e eG dG
j dG Dj
ef d dG
Y SG
IQh
FGW OYG
IjL L GH
QNG Y
G QG
,edG id
dG dSCGh
dG dGh
jd
374
SDG Y
Y SQG
Rh CG dG
eeh gQGhOCG
d j dG
IjL MhQ
GHh ge
G dM
dCG 15 OSG
150h dW
e SQe kdCG
REG fH
d Iaf h
d e A L
SG G AbG
2000
;HdG dG J IO GE t
I``j``G ``` L``d``` ` ` dG O``` ` Gt
f d
.jQdG
Q``WEG edG GAG``LEG ``eh
EG J Jh dG SDG
``e``f``d ``b `` ``fG A`` ` ` EG ````UG````dGh
``e``f``dG G`` `g ``` ` jh .GENIE 2011
d ````W``dG `````JG```SE `d G`````
````JGh e G LdJ
HG ``SQG``G ac jdGh HdG
e G UEG b dM cj c
SG efdG QWEG dG
e G LdJ eOEG E1P10 SG
.(HdG G jdGh JGh
2006 S jGH a
fG bh
e d G VdG d fVh
IG JGSG
``j``H``dG
dhL IO EG dH d 2008 S jf e
.(2013-2009) GS 5 Ia efdG
` ` ``` c``dG O``` ` dG G`` g h
``j``dhCG G``ch jdG Sgh dG
H d bdG OQGG AbG
: e ag
G A EGh dG IOL t
; SQ d
LdH JG GQG j J t
. G id JGh e G
EG fH CG EG IQTEG Q h
150 h dW dCG 15 Q j e eIafh
IOSG e dG Afh LQ e dCG
LG SSCG eG hU `` O e
SG G AbG dJ e AL d
e jG O`` j CG G ``eh
dW 700 h dCG 50 EG EG efH
. 2014 S jf
24
375
.OTQEGh
a ````SGQ``dG ``g```G U H `` eCG
LM J fCG SGQdG Ff
EG d d G Q dH gJ h AdG
J :gMCG j c a dG
OdH J M dG egG e
Jh ```JDh````Jh JGQSG ` `
e J EG . dG gG dG
dG SDG j H d j dG
gOQGeh G e eh JH H
JG h Q``` ` G ```F``` `ah ``j`````dG
EG L G hj c LZGdG
Jh dG G J SGQO ge
IOG``H ITQ dG
fG
.(2009
dG `` SQG SDG
d j dG eeh gQGhOCG hJ CG
```G``Hh ge I``j``L ``MhQ
fCG ``jQ``L `` j
``` VhCG ``e ``eA ``Gh ````dG ` ` IQO```b
.jG dG
OH eb b IQG dG CG g eh
: d gG j J
O G ;f dG dG J IO EG t
gh Wh ```JG
Ge S
dG ` ``e ``` ` dG `` ``` H``dG ` ``e
a dG jdGh UGdG jdH
G jdG h GdG J jch
;L dG jdG h
SJ ;HQ G dG H dG t
dGh LddG dG SQdG
;Gh
`` `` ` `jEGh ````````dG ``` ` ` J t
SGQdG
; gCdG dG
; G G ASQEG t
HG G AdG gCJ f - G dM
UN
G jdGh HdG e e LGJ
` LG``J ``` M``f `` e ``` a .i`` `c `` j``
```V``G `` `` hQ``G ``` ` `G ` ` e
jGJ eh SQG Q```dGh ```eCG e
A j jdG jG e WdG O``
UEG eh dG e e jJ
f L eh . dG SDG h
V LGJ jdGh HdG e e E`a
J dG adG dhdG dGh dG
QGbGh IAdH j jJ G e
G fG jQOb j dG
dG ah J eh JLH aG
. dGh aGh
`` h````G ` X h ` `d ` c ` ` A``` H
`` `` ` `dG ` `` ``` G ``M``` ` G
``` H``dGh ````c`` Gh O``` ` ` b``H `` ` ` J``G
` ` UG``Gh ``` ` ` dGh ``` ` ` dGh ``j``` ` dGh
h dGh dG QD` H
A dGh
gGGh G H UdG DaJh IGhG
`` G``M ``WG`` ` O ```` `` ` ` `
d e jdGh HdG e e Ea G
JGQJh FGWh e e O CH
IjG dG ``g ah ```aG``gCGh
HG G j ``dG ` eCG J dG
jh HdGh dG ``WG``e ij
.jQ G LLdG e h``G ``gQ
e G a HG c `d Sh
bGdH JGh HJdGh dG jHdG
e `` fh`` Gh I```Gh `` G`` Gh ```f ` ``dGh
dGh dG ffEG HdH OTSG
ffEG ` CGh a dGh f dGh dH
GhOCG eGh Q G fGh I G
a A````d ````SD`J ```dG ` JGQ``` eh dG
.AdG id GHEGh QHG
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
UG dG b OL
jdGh H dG f j
dG je
UG dG b ge fG
S %7.1 EG 2000 ``````S %4.2 ``e
FGHG %8.4 H ` d h 2007
OG EG f dG dG %6.3 h %4 h
CG `Z .G````dG
gCdG ``f`` `dGh
j %20 EG UdG G dG
ge Z M j c . ````G H
WG hCG jh dG WG dG Gg
j dG AdG .g ObH G
HdGh idG A dG QGdG L
.FGHG dG ie
%20 d
UG dG ge CG hj
CG J QW c EG QhH bJ
f dG dG ge CG EG aVEG
J f J e dZ UG gCdG
G OG EG ``f`` ` dG dH
dG h .(CG2008 d CG
e ``j````dG A``````fEG ``` ````dG ````dG
dG g J a jdG SDe
H 25 dhdG eG H AfEH
.idG HG G
e UG dG dG d
S i``e
f M e
OdG ``e %6.4 SG M G``````S
2007/2006 S e d ``````LE G
.2000/1999 S a %3.4 H e
Gg a ````dG ejdG ``g Jh
` ``eA ` eh `J`````````` `J ``j``````H `` ` ` dG
dG dG dGh ObG
d
d
CG G ge a
.(2008
e e EG
jdGh H dG
O CH de
ee
FGWh
GQ h
ah aGgCGh
376
3-3
dG
OG EG gQhOh G dG SDe
AdG
G dM
ISCG
H kjM kSh
,Gh dG
Q j gQWEG h
jh GP
g G
G dGh
dH
,aG Q e
OLG f Sh
fGh IHGh
MCG ,j G Y
GG RHCG
dG M
G jSCG
377
dG J e SGQdG dG EG e
dd .(ce Q``L cj a
H F dG b dG fh I G W Ea
H FdG F dG G fh ISCG OGaCG
U Hh (... J e WG O e
cEG G c GQhO j AHCGh AHG H
dG g Gh dG e e f AdG
c Sh JaJ LJh JM J
.G
ie
G ISCG Q J bh
k J cCG VCG M AT c b H
CG c .jhdG I```SCG `` f e e
OLh H SCG M WdG dG e
e cG dG G SCG e f 282
``` LCG `` ` cH J 183 H
kGO`` ` cCG cG ```SCG ``g Jh . ``bCG
G SdH ``fQ`` `e h`` ` dG SdH
.(2006 G j J G G)
dH JG dGh g G h
f Sh aG ZQ e J
``j``G ` ` ``` ` fGh I``H`` ` Gh O``` ` LG
jSCG dG M VGG ``HCG ``MCG
AH d jGG dG H d h G
Qh``` V ``` ` c ``a``` ``H Oh`` ` `dG ``` ` gC` H
HG G `a```j ``e ` X ``e``f ` d
iG ```JQG ch .``j`` h `` ``e
``` `c A``H ``d ```` ```dGh O``` ` ` bG
``` `Mh ```F```HCG ``SQ`` ` ` UM
d LCG e dHh IH Gh OLG
O``G iG AG```S IQ```L GO```
UG Lh
d jh .G hCG
SG dG SD d gQ G
e dG dG FShh dG ShQO aJh
O
dGh dG
J e fCT
.(j d Le bQh dG
CH cQj GhZ dG eCGh AHG EG
a Jh dG feEG SJ aG
jdGh dG dG hJ
e ee e e
d SQG
J HG G dG SDe
AdG OG EG CG IOe
SDe Fb h . eCG aG
dGh ISCG
d G dG
edG LGh jObG ``` VhCGh
Ih ` G`` ` CGh ``j``dGh ` ` EG `F```Shh
g J c .IFdG G a dG
j G Vhh ``G G SDe
.UGh edG
G h ICGG h
HG
hCG ```H``G ``g ICG`` `G CG ` ` T
jJ c CJ dh Gh ISCG
gQ H ``` WCG i``d dG H
e ``L```H I````G G`````dG ``f````j
dG a h ``j```SCG ``j``H``dG e G
eh .k FQ Gk QhO CG/ICG`` `G a J
`j````dGh ``j`` ``dG h```
```S ``` g
aVEGh .G``HEG M g Jh G
JG H aG f J dG dG EG
SJ Veh eg GQhO ODJ jCG a
dG da .i`` CG j G ``aG
eh eh e jM e fEG j
fEG j dG dHh . SG
dG ``W`` `G H ``` h ``cCG
.``MGQh ``aQ ``WCG IM dG jh
G fEG j dG dHh
. ` ` CG `` LCG ```ch `` `aCG `` ```U``a ` `
hQ j dG ``e Gj ``j``dG ``gCGh
JHh ``gA```HCG J ```fC ```SGQ``dG b
gSCG LGh dG G e eCe
.(2010 F EG IG CG efH)
J gLhh ISCG b Ea Gdh
JJ UCG e Q H FHCG OH Q J
Gh dG dGh dG H
.gDhHCG j dG Gh FXdGh
J SSCH ``g ```dG LdG I```SC``a
d . LGh jObG gDhHCG
dG
LG fe hj AHG QU
Gh SGQdG A JQG e gDhHCG j
.(j d Le ``bQh `` `````dG O`` `
V A``HG e S e f E`a g eh
IQGh SG LG dG
M J ``e `X J UG ` Lh
d ``gG``cEG e IjG f dG G``
J UCG EGh a dH FHCG
dG ddG ```G
Gh dG
cCG Ua J ge EG d gDJ
.G ef d
YLGh jO bG hCG
HG SCd a dGh
AHCG H Y SfGh
F EGh AdG OG`` EG JJ
hCG ```SQ``G AG```S ```F `G dG Ua
G DG
De fG
e dG
EG %28.5
%11.1
QSdG j
IGhH HG
AdG H edG
G LdGh
YLG
jO bGh
SdGh
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
dG HG QSdG
378
e G
j FdG
MH EG
ICGG L h
d e gY
G
HCG OdG Y)
(dW
eL GOT j J dG HG
dG dG e %28 CG c %35 EG
AdG Jh .AdG e j G
ZdG h .28dhdG Xe e %30 jCG
Vh E` a ``c``dG ```fG G `c ``e
HG G jdG dG e jdG
j `fC ; ```JQG
j G``j e
iS
``e ````dh ``g``L H
. jW I e V I
```dG ```H```G ICG```G E``a `` Hh
. HdG O dG fc Q``bCG g
Vh `` ``dG G``g j CG jh
a cCG gG JQ e ICGG
VhCa .AdG OG`` EG ``jO``eh a
gG ICG``` `d J `` `aCG jObG
aCG dG ``U``a `j`` ``cCG H
dG iG JQG CG c ISCG AHC
H J CG d j ICG``` `d `` ` `dGh
b dG G dGh G GQ J e ShCG
aGh G G AdG H
.dEG d d AdG OG EG EG f dG
G dM
G jdGh dG d EG
HG ICGG EG
QbCG g dG
O dG Y f
jh . HdG
Gg j CG
h dG
Q e Y ICGG
CG gG
a K , Ya
OGYEG ,jOeh
AdG
379
EG J dG edG G
VhCG h ICGG J EG
dG
k
dG I``W``b ``` a G``` ` ` ``` ` d
F dG e G CG d .jdG
g ICG``G L Th ; MH EG j
H O```dG ) c G d e
.(2000 dW
edG IGhH HG QSdG jh
LG G LdGh AdG H
eG IOa .SdGh jObGh
1996 S G G QSO e
ICG```Gh ` L``dG ` H IGh``` ` G
J
J ```c . `j`````dG ```S ```e M
G QSdG e f dG IO``G
H ``` ` dG ```f```eE`H ` ` WG``G ` c CG
jh .f hdH edG FXdG
LdH ICG``G IGhe
HG f dG
``` U`` h I`` ``LCGh ``````dG `` ` M
IGhG d Sh .edG XdG
dG GMCG fb Ea G H
gj
dG fhG hCG HG
LGe
1957
X T
e jdG
```G O```U ``bh .1993
H G ```dh``dG `` G``Gh `fG`` `dG
J GQGb JG
S fEG
G A d edG G H
.(2000 fdH OeOG j )
IH dG f VJ ICGG b EG
G Jh
j dG HG G
h fGdG ```G j c
ICGG eOEG h dGh HdG
ICG``G Mh . dG b
jW
G ``` G ``e ``j```dG HG
G c egG J dhdG UCGh
e jdH J dG FdG d
T bh .jdG LG hG
f Ib 2007 d fdG H fG
`H HG AdG a a ICGG
O j dG dG e e G e 35
30 GdG
O .G 325 F CG
Af h WdG F dG ICGeG
f JQG M G FG dG
d %10.8 EG %0.6 e ````dG
Qdh 121 fc CG H 69 G Je
ICGG
M e HdG hdG G
AdG f JQGh .27jdG dG
fdG dG O G HG dG
G
dG M
IQGOEGh ObGh dG
FXh fG d VCG dG HdG
2000
ie e dG EG d ODa OGaCG
j J ``` ` G ````G) ``j`````dG ``````dG
WJQGh dG gCh .(2006 G
j e Vh Ea g e H G
bh ```dGh ``` SGQ``dG G````e
`` `j
JegG ``MCG d CG G L
dH a dG j dG FdG
J c CG H U e dG ICGGh
Gg
c Fc a OLh e dG
e ie V fL EG .dG
UGdG
d SfGh j dG jdG
e jdG fG JGJ
e edG
.i CG EG d
YEG FSh a K
` ```G (77.03) ``f`` ` dG Qh````U A`` L
QhU EG aVEG dG dG JH
dG J d dG d G dG
JG jM CGe Sd (2002) dG
SdG hG cGh G e
a fh G Q G dG Gh
QMG AdEGh dG OdG
fGh
GAGLEG I JG bh . G Gd dhdG
edG dG ` EG FSh gCd
dG aG j ad gOG EG LCG e
. EG b j
G e dGh dG dG j
G LG I G e DJ dG
dH G G Gg j h . dG e
jHdG ` `G Q```j `` ` `dG ````dGh
G d
j c a dGh
jCG J EGh jdGh H d WdG
Whh H J dG
EG FSh
g J dG a dG e j LCGh
edG e dM AdG jh FSdG
e I``M``dG e eh OdG U H e
g ``e `H ``eh G ``aGh jQdG `H
.30c hCG L g eh Jjg
` EG FSh CG `d e jh
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
QHha :QG
dG h EG
G HdG
h d
a ,GO
jdH
jdG e
j dG jGh
MdGK dG
ISCGh cCj dG FGG eh e T J CG SH EG
j `d e d j dG H e O`` CGh S dG
j d e dh gGaCG `J CGh
jh j dG EG k Z T
cJ dG dG e j e
e CJ CG c k M k T
.HCG EG j g h OGLCG d S G``L e O`` CGh d CG
.( U e T H j Z :QG
380
G dM
G bY
jdH HG
eCe d
GKCdG bh e
Y h , dhdG
dG CG
dG
.(2006 eCG ) LG
jdG CdH dG gG Gg CG Z
e j dG G CH dG e
dG gO aG J dG dG L
AfG dUCG H Jh dG jdG
``e GQ`` ` J G ` ` ` eh ```j``dG
gQhO ISCG gCG G Gg h aG
QhO a Z dG ISCG U OG
b CG dG TdGh jdG LdG
Sh FHC GdG jHdG HGh
H ``e `` EG ` ` ` ` SG ``j`` Qh```dG
jdG `J```L``Jh jdG ` fG``dCGh FSh
.(j d Le bQh MCG jG e
G ``b ` d ` fCG ```U `Gh
G CdG ``bh ``e ``eC`e jdH HG
dG dG TCG Jh ```dh``dG
``L````G ````d Q``` ` G ``` ` fG ` C` Jh
``bG``eh JU ``W``` TCGh c ``e ````j``dG
J
` d``dh . ``` ` J ` ` EGh ``` fh``` dEG
dG Leh G jdG SdG
WCdG G gMh jdG
g IO``` EG ``` CG EG ``WG``` `d ```j``dG
dG gG J jdG d
SE d e ` jhC` J k `f```MCG Zq J
.(2006 G j J G G)
jdG C d WCdH gG
c
J JH dG jdG jGh GA dG
e e SEG hD```dGh `` bhCG IQG h H
a d h ShCG a LCG e M
.jdG dGh
YLG a dG
JdGh LG dG J
J dG SdG G e c
e d h TdG id LG G``dG
LG Fc EG LdH Fc O
dh H IG cQG
IQOb
e J dG IjG I G bGe
cQe d Gh ``FG``dG dG
h OG``aCG e hJh G dH
fe
H ` d ```jh . `j```
dG G gU h LG a dG
Jh LG dG SDe bJ
j ```g ``eh .```H TdG J EG
SD a dG QGhOCG DhdG eCG
381
eh G a K
G G
` ` `` ``G ``` ` ` G ``````e ` ` ` j
H SdG ` Z `````dGh OG`` `aCG
jHdG ```G e a U
a dGh dGh jSCGh jObGh
f ` `fEG .`` g ` `Zh `` j ` `G `` ` ` CGh
OGaCG H J dG b dG e He
eh .i`` CG L e dhdG `Hh L e
H `` ` `` `J ``` dG ``` a`` ` ` dG QGhOCG ``H
hdG G G eh G
SJh QG`` bEG ``H```G c edG
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
CG
QhdG f
SD d dG
YLEG
AdG U
j h HG
I G e
SQG a dG
e e SQG a dG Q G
O``` Gh G`` ` ` ` Gh ` j``` Gh ``` ` dG ``e
e ``` SQ``G ` f``` J ``` dG ``` SQ``` Gh
e ``` SQ``G ```` ` ````d f ` b``dG
Mh H e eh SQeh IQGOEG
``gh .````LG``J ```dG ``j````dGh c d
J dG dGh bdG e J e e
JaJh g eh SdG J jW
dG g G ` C``dG ``gh SQG
IMh e Jh GdG H SQ d
e fh geh gh aGgCH IMGh
c . G fCGh GHh dG
dG G G GfCG SQG a dG J
dGh jQGOEGh Gh SQG j
d dGh G Gh dG e ``
.SQG jQJ J dG
edG a dH ````SQ``G a dG `` C``Jh
aGgCG e HdG jHdG ah d
a dG KD
dG SQG
Y I Gh
aGdGh REG
G id
Y Gh
AGdG
382
G ``g M t
G G L SDJt
``d `` e ``` ` ` b``J hCG ```` ````Gh ``SQ`` h ```e``` G ` Z ``` ``Gh
Q e EG edG dG G``MG f h jH fCG
.F b
.f dGh QSdG
2011 12
G dM
G j EG
j h HG
G EG j
G
Y EG G
S h IQOG b
hdG e
Y OYGh
Rh h dG
OYG Me
Y A
dhdG
dG HGQSdG
dG H b e e e HMH
``eh ``` dh``dG ``` ``G `` ``Hh ```e``` G
HG dG OG`` aCG G`` ````eh ```g
dG ``gQhO H dGh QH G
S M I CG GdG X e
e jdG G dG j J
cGT ``b ` C` ` ` fCGh ``` ``G ``` L
jeh L ``e J `` h````eh
O G H Lh a ;H
WdG Q d L e fhJh
jdH ``HQ```G jLG H SCG
fSG ```U`` h `` ` `HhQhCG h`` dG ``e
HG dG L Hh fah
` j`` Q``` ` e O`` ````d Q`` `` H
```F````MEG M ```J``F`` ` ``J ```d``e
f QH HQG QdGh dG dGQa
j d dG dG Ge e %20
a IGOCG jCG g EGh (dh d edG
G f `` G dG
Wh dG dG d gOL cJh
F dG SDG dG e IOS d
fL EGh .JGSG dGh cGdG
HG dG e J ``dG O``G dG
GQhO J fEa d QH W dG
JG c j GG jdG eg
dGh GQGh G``Gh aG jH
SSCG GQhO G g a J
.32 WdG VQCG EG f
UN
a dG `` e CG O``Lh f CG
JSDe H HG G IFdG
dG ``j``` SCG ``a`` ` `dG ``e GA`` H ` ` c``` gh
dG H LQCJ a dG e J
Hh jMh jL g e d dGh dH
LQO EG dG H H e i CG a
LQCJ SQG a dG CG c .G``ZG
e G `` G`` Gh dG ` H ``gQh``H
FSh dch . dG dSCGh gGh
383
Z .fEG Mh WG dG Oe
dhdG aGJ e j CG d CG
h jdGh G fG fG dG
JSDG ` ` e ```M `````SD`e
hGJ dG h M SS jOJh
SdG jO d Se ITGQ S
X gOjh j dG Gg M
g CJ j dG j d bSG
.Q dGh AdG
SCG SJh G a `H EG
L
dG j g Gbh
gJ EGh SdG FSh h dhdG
G ``` ``eh `````L Qh```dG G``g
J dG CdG CH eDJ dG G
```JEG J
CGh ``g``Mh ``dh``dG `H
e W
G c G
V d G GTEG e H EGh g
a dG J dG G dH
j h HG G j J EG .FdG
``G G J G``` TEG
j
hdG e SJh IQO```G b TEG
O G Me h h dG
O Gh
.dhdG AT c
G eh L O`` Q j
j .`````L 30000 ` `H ``` G `` G
QO````dG 158376 ``bQ ``f``b ``gA````fEG
SCJ M j dG 1958 af 15
``bQ ``j``G ``f`` ` d``H `` h `` `` `dGh
ebh G AfEG bh .3175.00
SQ a j CG j dG G c G
gh jdG a dG ``` CGh fCG
OL `f``L EG ``aGh H gj `` `b
e dG Z HdGh eCG dhdG
JAch JGQb Jh AdG h
IQO d ch .j J a fCG Jh
J c `` CG jdG d WdG
j dG eG LG dG j Jh
g e d ``G G `H
H J fc dG A````bEGh dG
. WCGh AdG U Hh LG dG
J G G OL EG
`` EGh cdG ddG dG fG
LG k f ``` J ``` dG `W```G CG
h d ddG A``G h AHdG
eh G a gS dG
dG VQCG
h G G
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
e EG a dG IO``G J dG ` EG
a dG fEG FSh d IGh UCG
Gg . ```dG `` ``gQGhOCG Lh ```gEGh
j ```dG `c````Gh dG ``e CG `` a
```JGOCGh a dG A`` h ``gh dSG e
G`` ME `````W ` ``e ``` `d``a .``````F``dG
SJ e `e`` h a dG dG
``g``j`` `J ``` `` `j `` ``` ` ` dG ` L``` dG
GQ G j h dG G e S
e SEG a dG jdH JJ dG j dG
jObG dG GU QWEG HdGh
.GQ G GUh
JjJh a dG ge OJ dh
c ```a ``` `F```Shh JSDe O````H
Oeh ```G h G `d G`` MCG
geh `e```MCGh ` aG`` CGh G b
G OG`` `aCG ``` H `` C` ` j ``` dG I``F``` ` dG
dG ``g``Gh `` ```G ` J``` a ` `` `
``LQ``H ` `d h ``L``dGh ICG`` `G ` ` ` dGh
Mh ````e ` c SG ` ah ``Jh````e
QhdG a d j dHh cQGe JG
OhOQh OG`` aCG c S j ``HC G
HdG G) g J FGWh daCG
Y dG j
g dG a dG
dG AH
eG h jdG
dH I G h
Gh G
384
4-3
dG
OG EG OL I DG dG dG
aG AdG
fEG EG
GQb j e
AdG dG Y
dG GMEGh
GP HjEG
h
G dM
G Y
G j
WG dG
UEG YEH
jL QSO
j
QdG
WG dG
385
fG dG
fEG hdG f dG
LG dOdG cG Gh GdG
.( HdG
j G e G Ea dG h
gh SdG MdG e d fG Me
J CG d fG ` MG``G c
`fCG Z .Q``Gh ``G e H eSe
eGdH JG d Me j
`` G`` G h``````G `` ````Gh `` ` `dhO
d ``Mh```e `a .j CG ``WG`` ```dG
` aCG ```WG`` ```dG SJh J ``e
cM SSCG
f dGh G dhO AH
.SDGh f dG S EG J
G`` MCG `` EG ` ` ``` G `` ``bh
J GjJ HdG dG gT dG
jL QSO UEG EH WG dG
``WG`` ```dG Q`` ``dG j
i`` ` dG G`` ` ` ` e ` c ` ` ``H``LEG `` ` jh
j
EG ``` jh ```e`` ``dGh ````W``dG
Gg WEG a .34 dhdG cg gCJh
QSdG LGe
S dG TQdG
UEG ejd jb aO A EG LCG e
VdG Gd G
``bh . dG
e QhdGh SH J 35 e
HdGh H dGh H G G
gDG jGh LG
dGh
Gg j .CdG Gg JGQJ d
:gh SSCG GJe
UEG
OdG H d Q````S``dG jdG
``dhO ````S``Jh ;I``M``G ```H```G ``j``` `d
j G SJh SDGh
G
SQ ````Vh ``` ```Gh ``jO```dG
H `` ` `` `fEG `` ` M ``e`` ` ` e ``j``` Jh
S EG A dH A`` ``JQGh ``gO``` HCG
dG ```a CG``` e ``` W``Jh e
` j`` h ``W`` ``eO ` ` ` ` Jh `` ` `f G`` Jh
WCdG dG jJh ; h SDG
`JGQ``b jJ ````fEG j
JG HjEG dG GMEGh AdG dG
dH dG JQG g eh . h
dG j SJ
J dG jdG
G``HEGh dG gD e Ije IM Ga
fhj dG G``gCG
EG Gjh
Q``WEG dG GQe SQ GcQjh
j cc
eGSGh fEG e
F EG IG CG efH)G
dG dG J M CG Ea ;(2010
G e eh GA a HG G
?AdG
SdG j G
`` ` dG ````````J ``` e `` ` `G ` ` O
SdG fH JG Me VG
1992 ``e ``` d ``j Q``` ` S ``d G ` j ``` ` d G ``e
H G ````dG ``g ``` Jh 1996 h
d .33 aGdG hdG eH j e
WG dG fH MG g Uh
c dG M UEG e Th
e h``G g e JGSG dG
LGHh j dH JG SS f
j f f SdG AbdG `H
GM ``WG`` `O he G`` ` fG
.(j d Le bQh Q b H G
WG fG
G QSdG j
``` WG`` ` ``dG ` ` ``` J``J `` `dhO A``` H
. LG dGdG
dG SdG
e O dG dG dG bh
VdG Gdh .VG U W fh
fEG g AfEG 2003 jO 15
QSG G e GbH Gh
;O dG g e aG h fEG
``jQ``` ` SO ``j````J G`` ` `MEG ` ` ` J ``
H jdG SSCH J jJh
aG AdG OG EG OL I DG dG dG - G dM
IQdG
j Lh jd M UEG
bJG e jdG d H d h dG
``j``dGh `` `HQhCG O`` G ``e `` G O``` ` dG
c .HdG G dG Hh c eCG IG
fGb ```Vhh FLh H ``M ``UE`H ``b
.SG d idG cdG J IjL
d dG G hU GMEG CG c
e IGOCG T LGh jObG
Xd G Ge e b J
ObG Jh dG Ua J he
J FQ a j L WdG
g dG Q SG Q j EG O dG
Sh He gQO H 150 `H eGdG
hdG jh .37 T e 450000
Lj a WdG Ob d dH a G QhO
hG f ``UG``Gh edG AcdG
` fG``L ``e ` d``H ``` ``` `e ``` ``` j ``` dG
G j J G G) Q SG
G OdG e O c .(2006
.1996 S HCG dG J d ah HQhCG e
ce
G e bJG g e bh
HCG G CG c .HQhCG e G VdG
hOh IG jdG e G OdG bJG
i CG hO Ih eh cc Se
.g Zh OQCGh GQeEc
h O`````bG Q````dG S d
dhdG JbCG dG dGh GdG
T G dG Wh U hH
.38HG jObG I d e
ObG dG Ea d c e ZdG h
``J ```c G ``c GQG`` ```SG ```j ``` G
ie (1-4-3 hG) bQCG d
.VG dG f
dGh CGdG jM
```G adG ``j```H G``` G
h .1958 S adG fb QGUEG e
EG b g dhdG J e ZdG
SdG G cGh HG adG CG EG
adG Aa OdGh dG `` ``dG
jJh EG geh Ie HG
G j h .edG hDdH AG dG
e EG H
SG
G e
` EG FSa .SdG `` G O`` MCG
J UCGh gQ e LQO M
jQh dG Ab dh dG ad LG QhO
j J G G) WG dG f d
.(2006 G
GMEH G e EG G SJ
Gb S EG gO Uh j J Gb I
h VjdG e H
Ib GMEG c .jdG G h HdG
G eCG .j eCG dH GH J
J je `c Oa ``j```G ``` G EG
e EG G J c . G EG
``gh eh e SDe A````fE`H
`````dG ``````dG ````J `d ``` ``dG `````dG
.( HdG LG)
jO bG j G
G S
GMEH eYEG
. e Gb
dG j a
Gb S OLh
gNG , jR
dH Ib GMEG
jReCG
hU j
dG G
jO bG d
QhO YLG h
dH a G
WdG O bd
O`````bG dG ` ` ``` G ``
I 2005 h 1993 H e IG IdG
1-4-3
hG
2kEG dG GdG
(%) dG f
1966- 1960
%2.9
1974-1967
%5.7
1995 -1988
%2.7
2003 -1996
%4
2006
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
G j J G G :QG
386
G dM
d
CG jdG
e Y
dG d aj
eRdG dG
a Y d
Q h
G fG
e jdG
,dhdG b G
dG H bh
A dH dG
I dG Y
hdG h OdGh
dG
387
J CG jdG dG EG
e dG dG dG d aj e
j G CG T h .Q Jh a d
dG OdG H g WG dGh
OGaCG f j dG feEG QgO Gh d
.```L```fh dG IGOCG ``g ``j``dG `````G
I dG SQ hDe SdG Lda
``e`` `e ``JGQG``bh `````G dG
G fG jh . G J eh OGaCG
``` S``` ` ` dG ` j``` ` dG ``a````G ``` `
GQ```` G jd `` ` `dGh O`````bGh
cg AH dG JGSGh idG
.aOgh VGh jDhQ ah G
ge d ``eCG j ```g ``eh
e `` Gh TdG ` ` A``` ` `dGh `` ``dG
h jObGh LG JhdG
J EGh a a h LG ICGG
GQ``WEG c `d a jdG dG
`````dG ``` L``Jh ` e ` e O``` j ````S````S
.G SSCG
e `` `f ```G ``` G `` `f EG
jh .39 LGh ``WG`` `O Q````SO
SSCG j G e jdG HG QSdG
G ``MCG 1990 S a .40 da
` ` OCGh ````fEG `` ` QSG
bh .2002 `` I``j``G dG H
dG k eg Gk QhO G Gg d
fEG M cfH G G M
J jdG ``M ``UE``H VdGh
WG ``gG```d eVh ``dO`` c
IQSG J Gch V G IFd
```WG`` `fG ``LCG ``e edG d
HJh XG jJ h dhdG bJG
G G fEG M
WGG
dG G``g h .(2006 G j J
H J IQG h 1993 S G CfCG
Gg G e jdH VG fEG
H e IG IdG
fCG jh .CdG
d e fCG 2003 h 1999
jV ihT e H fCG jdGh
.fEG M cfG
``j```Gh jce dG `` h
dhDGh SG
edG SdGh dG j
`` ``` `d `` ````V``e ` ``````j ``````G
h e H SGh
j
S d hCG O dG
``M ` ``UEG ``e ``j````dG ```L``J ` `
IO EG G e ch . b
dG M UEG e jdG LJ
bdG ZU IO``` EGh G `Z
.F e LCG J fCG d SG
G``MCG j ``dG ``WG``G E` a G````dh
````H````G ````H ``````j ``gQ``````e ```bG```jh
.H G J e fGh bdG
SG e b WGG j
`` ``````LG `` ```dG ``e ````H ````W````JQ``H
````LGh
`f``c G E```a IQGOEG ``e
eh b M jCG d E`a WGc
G S ````d`` `G ` G
j J ``````G G)e ````
.(2006 G
HdGh dG f dG
I Q M OYH dGh
gQ jdG dG CG T
SdG SQGh bdH dG
````SQ``
` ` Oh```M ``e ``g``WD` j ```eh
````WG`` ```dG O````e ``````Th ``j`` G
`H``Jh `` `````dG ````SQ`` h `` ``````bG
e E` a g ``eh . ````dG CdG
dhO X ````dGh G CdG HJ
`````dG ````f ```` ` `` ` j ```f``` ```dGh ```` G
dGh HdGh dG dG
`` G`` G ````bh TdG ```` G O H
``````G ` ` `` ``` WG`` ` ``dGh
``j````dG `` ` fG ````G CGh ````U``
AGLEG M dhdG bJG e
IUCG
Ij M UEG
`` ```````dG ``````S````SCG ````````dG ` ``````Jh
hdGh OdGh ITdG
A dH
fdG J SS Sh dG
O Gh dG ````c`` Gh `H````dG
dEG J ``e ``gh ``dA``````Gh ````bG``G
h dc ebCG dG SDG
.H d CG Gh jQG
aG AdG OG EG OL I DG dG dG - G dM
c (j d Le bQh Q bH
G e jdG
S SfG d
dG jdGh HdG e U h
UEG S dG GdG j
dG dhdG Lh G iG
G G``g I```dG d gOL `c
OG E jdGh HdG
gdGh
gj Jh O ``dG J ` LCG ``e A````dG
gG Je dGh HdG Q Gh
.HGdG IMdG b H hCG WdG
jO bG dG bGh
UEG N Y gKC h
dGh
``f``` eEG ``aG``J CG ``e ``Z``dG ` `
``` ` dGh ```F`` ``dG h`` ` h ``jO``` ` ` bG
J dG hdG MCG j j G
JQG Gg CG EG jdG dG
e OdG Gg Q I G
e g eCG Ggh . dG EG jW j
J EG O dG dG dH GM
.41SG j d jQSG Wh
JGSEG M UEG g EG
` ` G `` ` ` ` g IO`` ` ` EG `` dh`` ``` ` ` aGQ
d jL e
e SdG
J a SS jOJ QG``bEGh
h .```H ```G Qh``d``H dH
dG
dG IQGOEG j aQ f bdG
h h`` ` ` G `` ` ``` dG ``g`````j ``` dG
OG eh.SdG G``MCG e e
TdG Gh c G d dhG
j G CG hj G H Ea
V J dG edG dhDG ie
aJ G c G a . jd
QG SGh dG Vh eCJ
JQb
G``ME` H j ````a GOh```
` ``j ```d
```` G ``` ` dG ``e ````dGh dG
2-4-3
hG
M2kEG G|7'G
LG dG
dG
1990
1099
2009
2811
1999 1990
1.1
2009 2000
3.6
1999 1990
2.4
2009 2000
4.5
1999 1990
0.7
2009 2000
3.8
1999 1990
6.5
2009 2000
6.5
1999 1990
4.5
2009 2000
1.9
1999 1990
22.1
2009 2000
29.4
1999 1990
2.7-
2009 2000
2.5-
jO bG G DG
jeCG QhdH Oa d LEG GdG dG
(%) Oa
MUEG aGQ
G SEG
dh G
G g IOYEG
N e SdG
jL e
d
d LEG GdG d dG dG e
(%) FdG
S d dG dG e
(%) Oa
S d dG dG e
G d SEG b d dG dG
(LEG GdG dG e % `H Q SG e
GdG dG e % `H j d LEG UdG
(LEG
.2009 d edG HhGh dG IQG h :QG
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
388
GgCG j Dj
LCG e dCG
d dG
G DG CG 2009
d jO bG
k aY
j dG kYf
jNCG
L
```gG``G ` M d dHh
c .2012 S `aCG FS j e 10
f dG
dG b Q G H `` CG
`` O `` ````e ````b``dG ```U`` h I``j``G
`` ```TEGh d ``U`` ``e``f``H ```Vh EG
.bdG efdG Gh a
S HGdGh GAG``LEG g EG
H ``fQ`` ```a G``` TD` G H
dG Se CG J `J ` CG jdG
.%4.4 EG %2.2 ``e ` ``fG O``` ` ` bG
dG MG hO dG G``g fG a
dG ```JQGh .%8.4 EG %0.3 e hCG
V %1.5 ` `H ````S S `` ` G``dG
e ```LEG Q SG e fGh %4.2
S c .2009 S %6.32 EG %8.24
S %13.8 e LGJ QhH d dG e
f Sh .2009 S %9.1 EG 1999
%4.3 JQG SC d dG
SG
FGdG IQ dG h .S Sc
dG Q J f jS %2.4 ` H SC d
QSCGh %3.4 H jS I JH OdG
edG HhG %9.1 `H SG
.(2009 d
e a e
FdG g e d
AGS Ij jQeh aG a e VGJ
g Z hCG dG hCG LG GG
OG EG G CG T hH d S
.d I e H aJh AdG
G dM
YLG dG bGh
G dG Y SfGh
O``` ` ` bG ` ` ` ` ` dG G`` ``gCG EG
gGh dG g JGSGh
``dG`` QG`` `bEGh `````` h ` ` WG``G I``` M
j UdG a CaJ LG
U g dG LG dGdG dCe
VG SdG fch .jH J c
gj V J dT ``jDh``d J
jG L
LG dGdG
VGh LG Tg EG iOCG ``
LG IGhe dG g e OJ M
ie
hCG ``HG``dG iG
AGS
``WG``G G`` ` fG ie
hCG ```dG
g GQOEG dh .eH jObG dG
jG dG G``` ``cCG ``e G
389
aG AdG OG EG OL I DG dG dG - G dM
e J
dG FGdGh dG
HG ```SCG f ``e ``a``dG
`d
c M EG O J G``J e dG
dG dG GTDG a .SSC d
E`a d edG HhG Jf
f e %46.1 J HG SCG
d %25 h S dGh j d
SG
a dGh dGh ` ``dGh d %28 h
fQ e jg J f ``gh ` ` a``dGh
aQ d j dG LMH
. h WGG
GE aOdG hG e a
h LG UG e dG
da .dG TDe ```G Vh
QhO 2827 h``` ` j ``S```G O````dG
Gg jdG dG TDe cDjh .jS
V G Vj M JdG
126 JdG
SG dG G h``dG
.(2008 ``F`` EG IG CG efH
G j J f dG EGh
(2006 G j J G G
dG OG e ZdG
`fCG i``j ``dG
```fE`a
```dG G `` ` Gh ` d``H
dG jj ``dG ```dG Q dH J
O jGJ T dGh O d aGdG
S ````Jh .G`` e ` H `````dG
jdG GQOG I Jh jJ S 2005
HdG UEH j e eh G
VG Q```LEG eCdG `` ``dGh
dG ``eG``Hh `` `` ``dG ``` `fCG ` ` UEGh
dG ``e ` ` A``` ` `dGh `` ````LG
IQO````Gh ````dG d ``eG``H ``` Vhh
.jdG d WdG
dG GTDe e ZdG
114 JG
MG dGh G jdG
CG efH j J M 2010 dG
2010 d jdG d F E G IG
G GO``` ` G ``e ``Z``dG ` ` h
dhdG fGe LG d
. c Z GH d CG EG
`````` `d ``` ` W``dG IQOG ``` ` Jh
dG d A``L dG jdG
Gk ```Jh k ````e ``````dG ``j`````e `` aQ
``b``dG d ``e k k ` ` SQ`` h
.jM `` dG UG
j Jh jd eT QJ fEG
eh
dGh dG e J dG G
EG I``j``G jdG SdG G
aG ch eCGh dG TCG A dG
d WdG IQOG q eh . LG
AGjE Qh``dG e jdG J e jdG
e jdG Jh j dG ``e S
.dGh jHdGh LG SDG
dCG 16 e IQOG g CG c
T `j `e ``` HQCG f I``F```d h````e
``g CG ` Z .42ac ``` G ``` L ``
dG EG LJ dG HjEG OG
IQOG
d WdG
kGQ jdG
k e
jd
j h
dG G
dGh dG e
390
3-4-3
hG
C
j CG Me
UEG Yhe
a fG dG
jGH e G
e hCG dG
,ddG dCG
dG Rhd
dG
Y Q h
IUCG
LG dG
dG
G DG
1990
0.9
2009
1.3
1994
1.75
2009
1.1
2009
72.9
1988
65.5
1994
3.28
2009
(+) 2.36
1991 - 1987
57
2009 - 2008
(+) 32.2
1994
2933
2008
1611
S IOdG I G eCG
(ICGeG d WCG O HG TDe
(M Ode 1000 d WCG ah e
W d dG O
G dM
jdG jdG HQ e dG e d
Jh ``` `eG`` O````d ``H``` G `````G
dG ` fCG `Z HJh gU
he j CG M e C fCH
e ````a `` ` fG ``` dG I``j``` dG ````UEG
hd d dG dCG e hCG dG jGH
Q Jh J dG dG
LGh jObGh SdG IUCG
LGe ` LCG ``e ```WG`` ```dGh a dGh
j h idG hG IQ Hh jdG
dG d j h G hG
j CG e ``g ```dG jdG
QSG ```dG ``c``dG HU ``e
G `` EG M EG LdHh . H
`` `dG ```f ``` `Z ``` G ``` ` `M ``` dG
W d d SG OSG e VG
391
e Se
Wh J f ```dG H ``dG d
j J ````G G) %90 H Q`` `J
```ah ```e ` ``fGh .(2006 G
1991 h 1987
H e 57 e WCG
eCG .2009 h 2008 `` H e 32.2 d
H 332 e fG a eCG ah e
2004 e
H 132 EG 1991 h 1985 e
.(2009 d edG HhG 2009 h
HdG G H hCG ```G ``ch
SG HCG dG d G d
``V``e ``` H O``` ` TEG ` ` ```M ```dG
2008 ````S h .``` V ``d G i`` d ``S ``f ``` ` ` d G
H ``e d ```W``dG ``e``f``dG ```
%96 h(BCG
`` ` d ```M`` `d J ``` e
O G dGh %94 d O G dGh
f dHh %94 ````dG d d
GO``dG e %90 jH AdG J
efdG E``a ``d `` ah .I``j``G
efdGh SEG VGeCG a WdG
gS jdG f VGeCG a WdG
```V``dG `` ` `WCG ``` a``d ``c J
.(2009 d edG HhG
``````dG ` HG``` dG `` g EG
eh A````dG I```M ` ` ``g ` C`J fG
aG AdG OG EG OL I DG dG dG - G dM
CG W 170000 EG d edG
ddG ```WCG e %3.4
j d Te bQ gh S 15 h 7 H e
b WEG dG eGdG H V fG e
dG EG `` ` `WCG `` dh `````J `` ``d
M jHdG e G H ````MGh
G G) ``eG``dEG SQdG jf
.(2006 G j J
d ```e````dG ```Hh```G ````Jh
GgCG ``M 2009 d WdG j dG
G j fCG dG LCG e dCG
`` h b G````S i```S 2015 S ``
dG G```e ``e``g G ``` EG M ` fCG
``j ` CG j dG `H fQ a .jdG
EG %2.2 e ObG dG J
%13.8 e d dG e LGJh %4.4
Sh 2009 S %9.1 EG 1999 S
JQG ```SC `d FdG
SG f
b fG %5.6 ``Hh S Sc %4.3 `H
FGdG IQ`` `dG h .2003 S ``e
dG Q d f jS %2.4 ` H SC d
QSCGh %4.3 H jS I JH OdG
CG j dG jh .%1.9 `H SG
SSCG eG EG dG dh
``d``dG ``c G E` `a `` Q`````e I ` J``H Gk Q`` ` J
SdG J b A``Gh AHdG EG
b h dG SdG de E`a G
S %83.9 EG 1994 S %9.7 e fG
%90 EG %14 eh AH d dH 2009
. d ddG A d dH
EG UdG a dG eCG
SQdG f J M SQdG J
GOG H d h FGO G
GAG``LEG G``ch SQdG d UGG
GO SQH M d IOG dG
.SQG e G
dG SQ f M ``bh
2011/2010 SGQdG dG
jdG
:WdG iG
ddG FdG
jdG dG WC dH %97.5 `` `fEG i`` d %96.3 h `` ` `LEG ````S 11-6
S G``` dG ` ` %85.2 h %87.9 `H`` `e
;2005/2004
jdG dG WC dH %79.1 ``fEG i``d %73.5 h ``` LEG S 14-12
S G``` dG ` ` %61.9 h %68.2 `H`` `e
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
S G
H 1998
,SdG hdG
Y Yh
jdG gKEG
MUEG e
Ge e dG
a dGh f dG
j G fbh
edG
F MG D
QG H dG
dG G
WCG SQd
gQYCG MhG G
S 11h 6 H
Y %97.5 EG
WdG iG
2011/2010 S
392
4-4-3
hG
dG
G
fd SG dG
SQG
H dG
dG
SG
G
SGQdG
QGdG f
dG
SG H dG
SGQdG
G dG
dG
f3
%76
f 0.8-
%4.6
f 0.3-
%12.3
FGHG dG
f4
%52
f 0.3-
%13.1
f 1.2-
%15.2
OG EG f dG dG
f2
%26
f 0.4-
%14.1
f 1.7+
%19.2
gCdG f dG dG
G dM
f
Y fG
fG SGQdG
EG bj f
MdG ie
; 2005-2004
jdG dG WC dH %52.8 H e fEG id %48.2 h LEG S 17-15
.2005-2004 S GdG %39.9 h %45
f H a h`` ` dG ``S``dG ``eCG
S 11-6 ``j````dG ````dG ``` WCG ``SQ``
H e ``fEG id %93.6 h LEG %95.4
2005- S G``` d G
%77.8 h %82.8
````dG `` ` `WC ``````d``H %59.1 h ;2004
id %49.6 h ```LEG S 14-12 jdG
GdG
%39.3 h %49.3 H e ``f E G
WC dH %22.3 h ;2005-2004 S
%14.9 h LEG S17-15 jdG dG
%11.3 h %17.6 `H `` `e `` `f E G i``d
G fG c .2005-2004 S GdG
gQ CG MhGG WCG SQd dG
%97.5 EG %52.4 e S 11 h 6 H e
.432011-2010 S WdG iG
W e G SG efdG EG
5-4-3
hG
kFG hI
dG H dG
2009-2008
2008-2007
0.2+
%7.3
%7.1
6.8-
%16.6
%23.4
OG EG f dG dG
0.3+
%19
%18.7
gCdG f dG dG
dG
dG
FGHG dG
393
aG AdG OG EG OL I DG dG dG - G dM
UN
dG HdG G
e
dG U h SCH Gh V
HG G gGdG Vh jdG
G hj dG dG dG A H j
` ```dG G`` ``fG EG j ``gh ``H``` G
jdGh HdG L aG
dGh aGQ dGh ObGh c Gh
G EGh .gdG ch dG d d
OL CG M CG Ea dc ``eCG c
EGh ? a adG OG EG Ge h
dG dG d aj CG SG M CG
Ff
``b``dG EG ? ` d
I G
Gg ``e ```dG dG fGG ````G
. d HLEH c j dG
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
dG dG EG
hj dG
HG G
EG j gh
YdG G fG
,aG
H dG j
Gh jdGh
dGh O bGh
dGh aGQ
d , d
h dG
gdG
394
5-3
dG
G dM
cQ d G AdG jgL ie J
fGG SGQdG Ff :aG
ah dG S
SG f d
G e IGh
d WdG
gh ,feGh
OGYCG fH
deh edG
dG
a j H Wh FG j H
dG e d
G
dG ``jQ``d``````dG S ``e ````f`` `dG
gCdG ``j``f`` `dG ``e ( `` ` dG
dG G
fch . HdG UdH
: j c
SG f d ah dG S d ````W``dG ``c``G ``e I````````Gh
OG CG VJ fH gh feGh
TGh . dG deh e dG
e 11 h gCJ jf 38
SGQdG bG bh .G J 9011 h
.g Z hO HQG e dG
dG e J SGQdG bG dG dG jQddG S e f dG
UdH gCdG jf dG e (
.e VGZC d h HdG
G ````FG````````dG ````````dG `````V edG gCdG ``j``f`` `dG ````e `J
````e `J ` ` `````````J h ``````U```Gh
j ````fCG Q`````` G ` ` `` `````dG
.edG d je J d
dG L
dG TG .G IOLG dG
dG Uh
gCJ jf 28
dG TG
ASCH G fG HdG je
dG e dG O Hh .(SQGG
725 e .I Jh J 1574 FGdG
. dG L e I J 849 h Gk J
10 ``e``j G````G G AG```LEG h
2010 ``` ```dG ``j``````J /````a``f 11 h
d ````W``dG ``c``G G``````TEG `
e Te J CG hO feGh
.GAGLEG
395
e e
Vf ````dG ````fG````G ``````G ````J
dG G``g Ff h ````JGAG``LEG
AdG id dG dGh GQG ae
dGh dG G``g
T dG
````H `` `````G dG ````````dG ` `
``aG````J ```f```c G EG ```` ```W ```d
dH cQ d jQh dG ``f````eEG
f Lh j c .aG
e SQ jdG SQG
j dG G h dG
b d
b hCG gjJh O ieh a
TQdG Ff j c .jHdG e
G e a cQT dG
g f ````Lh ``a```` QG`` ` dG ``````UCGh
id IaGG dGh GQG ``gCG M
.AdG
G fGG SGQdG Y
dGh j dG Gg GgCG e T
e dG AGQG ` ` ````WG ` ` `` ` J
cdG a dG Gh SQeh
S G ``e ````a
`
gh e dG hCG dG
.FGQG
SQG f dG
h .jcG dG
.e dG SQGe SQq j jdG
AGG e J fEa d dG dG eCG
hCG G QG`` ` dG `` ```eh ``j``````Gh
.iHdG h dG dH G
e d FGdG dG
G edG G e
e eG dG i CG d G hO
dG Q G ( ````dG j dG
aG cQ d G AdG jgL ie J - G dM
cdG S ch .aG dh
c E` a ```dG j dG ``e eG dG
MG a GQe I e J IQe
dHh bCG c ``LQO 25 e LQO
jCG e VG fOCG G CG VGaG
GQG bh .LQO 12.5 g a IQe
ddh a GQe HQCG jW aG
Gh LQO 100 g LQ d bCG G c
.LQO 50 g IQG e VG fOCG
LGh fGLdG GQ d dH eCG
a GQ```e ` ``e e `c a
JQG e C bCG G c dHh
e VG `fOCG Gh LQO 75 g
.LQO 37.5 g e CG
aG GQG
``e`` ``G `` ```dG IQ``` e O```` G
G M IQeh HdG UGdG IQeh
gQ H f dG G`` ```SG IQ``` e G ` ` CGh
j ah .aG GQ d SSCG k fcQCG
aG GQG Ff h V
. eh
j dG fdG ` ``e j
aG GQ``` G ie CG 1-5-3 h``G
h V G``j dG OG``aCG id
EG ;aG dd fdG Oh`` G j
OGaCG LQd LEG H G SG CG
j e ``gh .``LQO 36.33 hj dG
G HG ``LQO Se OHG
(LQO 50) IQ``` G
``e VG ` fOCG
ae g CG Vj LQO 13.67 H
dG dG Gg jh . SG H
SQG Y
```SQ``e ``e ``` FG``` ` ```` ```S
eh dG gQ G ``j``dG e dG
dG I`` G``e e gCdG Jjf f
dG L d ``SQ``G de
147 ` ` S Q`` G ``` ` ``` M `` `c h .``` ` ` ` d G
.SQe
QG dG eh AG G a
dG J G`` ```S``H ``` TQh f
AG`` ` G `` `e I`` ` `` `` `e `` ` `a `` `e `` ` `g`` dG
SG H b dG h F CGh
30 j d h b dG G j b M FGQG
TQh V bh .2010 dG jJ/af
J EG j G 45 f dG
```dG `` ` ` dG ``e ``` `` ```a```eh ```` `
M JLJh ```FGQG A S ``U``Gh
gCJh AdG OG`` EG J dG j dG ``gCG
j h aG ddG cQ d
G G``g bJ fCG h``j dG bGdG
ae
d dG dG G``bGh
.( dG TQh cQG ASCH Fb
FdG
q Y
ie
GQG edG
aG
fGG SGQdG Ff
GQG
d G ```SGQ``d ``jO``j``dG d G f
aG GQG Sb
O G a
SG H d h LGh fGLdGh
JQbh GQG d e dG eG ie
1-5-3
hG
LQO YCG
a Lj
71
46
LQO UCG
GfG
47
QG
10.86
45
QG GfG
H G SG
fEG
Q P
LEG
fEG
Q P
10.94
10.78
36.33
36.30
36.37
0.05
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
hdG dO j
396
G dM
CG dG H
IQe dG
g HdG UGdG
H e CG
aG GQG
a G M IQe U H eCG
OG``aCG i``d
`Z ``gQh``H hJ
G hO jd dG AGOCG C dG
EG j h j J ``LQO 4.5 Q j
iS ba a (12.5) G fOCG G
i`` CG Mf ``eh . HG e %8.4
hJ O``Lh j QG GfG E`a
.dG OGaCG Ff H f
e G dG IQe EG dHh
10.53 dG ``` L E G SG CG ``
fOCG G
a LQO f j LQO
( `` L QO 12.5) IQ``` G
` ` e ``V```G
id ae IQe aCG `` L
V OLh j Gg dh . HG
b ``cD` J ``e G``gh IQ``` G ``g ``
OLh
J dG QG GfG
.JLQO c J
f dG G SG IQ j ah
iG Q j dG OGaC dG AGOCG Ea
cG
``j `` `` ` `G SG
fOCG iG c a .IQG d f
g IQG g e GbG QGbE VG
H bh .25 e 12.5 LQO
G
cCa SG `` G
U G f
b Jh . cQG ``e %58.8 f
.dG OGaCG f QG GfG
fEG FH QcdG Ff fQ e h
G ha OLh j HQCG GQG
JQe ``fEG dd FMEG ``dO
HdG ``UG```dGh ``e`` ``G `` dG
aG GQ d dG FdG
M ``` dG `` ``S```G ``fQ`` `e ```
aG GQ``` G ``e IQ``` e ` c
.FMEG ``dGO hdG CG q J ShQG
V g EG dG e Hh
e J i`` d ``` a``` G GQ`` ` `G ````L
M he V dh ;SGQdG
eG je jgL h``a ``L``J
GQG LQO fQ e a ;GQG J
UGdG IQe dG CG HQCG
GQG L H e VCG j HdG
dG LEG SG j M aG
J ` ` e ``V``` G ` ``fOCG `` G ``
f M c ``LQO 7.21 QG IQG
HG H e (%19.6) e dG
OLh M f c .IQG g U
IQG g dG OGaCG H c J
IQ dG Jhe je g CG CG
gh ( G EG AOdG e jd HdG
dG 4.84 QG GfG b j e
.LEG H G SG b e j
2-5-3
hG
397
YCG
LQO
UCG
LQO
fEG dd
19.05
fEG dd
25
a Lj
QcdG dd
GfG
QG
QG GfG
H G SG
fEG
Q P
LEG
fEG
Q P
3.58
3.28
3.59
10.53
10.95
10.42
4.84
4.9
4.61
5.29
6.022
4.44
HdG UGdG
25
4.72
4.62
4.84
8.09
8.202
G M
20.90
3.62
3.47
3.58
12.41
11.65
13.3
f dG G SG
e G
dG
aG cQ d G AdG jgL ie J - G dM
1-5-3
5 e dG LQO
Y fEG b
Qe Q dG
e G e
HdG UGdGh
G fOCG G
12.41
10.53
8.09
5.29
dG IQe
e G
e h
UGdG IQe
HdG
,HG edG j gL ie
aG GQG M e
G SG IQe
LddG
M IQe
G
T Vj dG FdG VJ
HG e dG ``e %15.2 CG 2-5-3
2-5-3 dG
aG GQG
Q dG
fEG Y
G SEG IQe
LddG
LddG G SG
G M
HdG UGdG
e G e
%0
%25 hO
UM gL Z
(LQdG LEG e
bCGh %25
UM jGdG
(LQdG %50 e
e bCGh %50
UM QW
(LQdG e %75
e cCG hCG %75
UM gL
(LQdG
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
%20
%40
%60
%80
%100
e
e G
UGdG
HdG
M
G
G SG
LddG
GQG
aG
13
62.8
44.7
4.3
15.2
55.5
27.4
38.9
46.9
73.1
31
12.5
44.5
11.7
0.5
0.8
3.9
4.3
398
G dM
gG Y j
a L CG
jH
e d
j dG H dG
aG Y F dG
dG
SQG YG
HG
GQb jOh
Y
GhOCG e edG
gdG G
399
dd j ``dG ``fOCG `` G
e j e CG M aG
jgG jGH h``L``j ``` ``HQCG
jgG J f ``eCG .(%73.1)
CG M e dG e %11.7 a a
G jb g jgG e e cG
Oa CG j d IO jGH g C
.H dG e
fCG U G dG FdG cDJh
CG gh edG FdG J HCG dGh cdG
f dG G SG IQe j e dG
ie H M ;i`` CG GQG e cCG
e jh .%4.3 IQG J jgG
j jdG e dG O H bdG
GQ``` G ` c jgG ```a
h .(%0.8) Gk J 12 G``f```a ```a```G
GQG c e gL MGh J Lj
.MGh G
aG GQG Fd eY be
he aG ``d``dG
j
`` ``S ````d````SCG ` `d k ``e``````e ``` ` ` ` J
IjL HQ eh a eh
gG E` a `` ``eh . ``gG``Xh ``F``b``dG
GjL LJ J CG j SGQdG
EG O J Jh jHJ a Lj
a jW G j dGh dG
HdG e b Vhh HGhdG
dG aG
IG j dG
Vh h G GQb J dG
jh ```j ``` L O`` CG ```` ``S
EG Ge 48 dG dG jh
MGdG G``G Wh dG Le
``JG L CG j CG hO dCe d
Gh bdGh FG be j
d ` JGOCG ```Gh Gh Q`` `Gh
``dG ````SG G dG
beh ``` Gh AG SG ``e
. FGdGh GQdG
e e bGd Gh XdG jh
MCG fCG G jdGh HdG
Vhh dG U
f IW
``L``Mh A ` ` J I``j``L ``j``H``J SS
``a``` G ``` ` ``` ` ` ` ` eh ``` ` ` dG
G A H d JG c e Gdh
aG cQ d G AdG jgL ie J - G dM
d fh H e gd HdG
fQ e dG dG
JQbh aCG
Lj a G M IQe eCq G .QcdH
fd d h G H GO Qa a
. FGWh dG dSCH JJ IQe
IQe fEG
QcdG J S eCG
UdG EG Oj a f dG G SG
eG S ``fEG e ` cCG d MG
a dG CG M SQG G Q``
J ``e G ` `c ``` ````LG GO````dGh
. fE d UdG g f Q dH
fGLdG GQG
GQ``` G ``S``` b ``` ``` ` gG ` ` ` fG
S c a GQe
fGLdG
;gj Jh G``dG ae IQe :``gh cdG
dG IQe ; d aGdG j Q IQe
Fd ``V`` j ah . d
.fGLdG GQG
LQO CG 3-5-3 hG
e j
GQG 66.27 h 0 H MhGJ e dG
G e MCG j CG fGLdG
f) G J 146 q bh .bq G bCG
H G SG ``eCG .U
(%9.3
.``LQO 75 ``e 37.33 ` ` H `` `a ````LEG
fdG ``LQ``dG J 37.5 C` H q S G E` a
`fOCG q ` G dG eG QG``bE H G
dZ CG fEa fGLdG GQG e
G %73) d G H b HG
.aG GQG
( a a 37.5
aGJ OLh GfG b
e M fh
c J O``Lh `` CG e dG `H
CG ``fEG Se CG J bh .``LQ``dG
.FMEG dO QH QcdG Se e
UGdG gS
H h dEG
Q AdG
IjL g d
h HG
O bGh YdG
GQ d kaN
q ,aG
GQG edG
fGLdG
3-5-3
hG
LQO YCG
LQO UCG
66.27
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
GfG
QG
16.8
QG GfG
H G SG
fEG
Q P
LEG
fEG
Q P
16.03
17.6
37.33
38.34
36.11
400
4-5-3
hG
YCG
LQO
UCG
LQO
25
2.68
a Lj
25
a Lj
17.86
edG AGOCG h
EG IQe e
d , NCG
dG IQe
CG d
GfG
QG
QG GfG
H G SG
fEG
Q P
LEG
fEG
Q P
2.89
2.87
2.91
20.61
20.72
20.48
gj Jh GdG ae
1.39
3.33
3.4
3.24
18.73
18.66
18.79
dG aGO
3.65
3.65
3.64
4.41
4.39
4.42
d dG
e IQe c SG fQ e h
k bQa CG q J ShQG fGLdG GQG
hdG OLh CG FMEG dO G h Gk c
e dG AGOCa ; a GQG eG je
g VCGh :i`` CG EG IQe e hj
G AGOCG ``eCG ; d dG IQe
IQeh gj Jh GdG ae JQe a
. d aGdG
M e edG j gL ie
fGLdG GQG
HG e dG e %16.7 CG M f
fGLdG GQG e `fOCG q G
c .aG EG d q j dG
i`` CG bCG dG e `` G dG
GQ d dG FdG
fGLdG
``c S ``e dG FdG ``cD`J
S e J S M edG FdG
gj Jh G``dG ae JQe cG
aGdG j Qh (20.61 HM S )
J c (18.73 HM S ) d
H c aGJ OLh QG GfG b
IQe J M JQG HG
S ) X e G J d dG
H ``VGh J O``Lh ``e (4.44 HM
FdG g fch .IQG g HG
M `` fEG hCG Q``c``dG i``d AG```S e
H FMEG dO G ha LJ
.fGLdG GQG L ie
3-5-3
dG
G dM
25
25 e dG LQO
22.5
20
175
20.61
18.73
15
G fOCG G
12.5
10
7.5
5
2.5
4.41
GdG j J IQe
401
d aGdG IQe
d dG IQe
aG cQ d G AdG jgL ie J - G dM
4-5-3 dG
(%)
fGLdG GQG
d dG
d aGdG j Q
gj Jh GdG ae
%0
%25 hO
UM gL Z
(LQdG LEG e
bCGh %25
UM jGdG
(LQdG %50 e
e bCGh %50
UM QW
(LQdG e %75
cCG hCG %75
UM gL
(LQdG e
%50
GQG
fGLdG
GdG ae
gj h
jYQ
aGdG
d
0.5
1.4
75.5
16.7
1.9
3.1
20.2
10.3
19.2
45.1
4.3
70.5
78.4
50.4
2.5
dG IQe G e aG G
. ``c ` ` ` V ``` ` a ` M ` j ``` dG `` ````` `d
dG W EG Oj `d dG dh
J AGS AdG IFdG a dGh
Gh G a hCG ISCG a H ``eCG
. d VS c SQG
gj Jh GdG ae IQe U a
LG b dG WCG Ea
jh .jHC d VdG e f j gh
` ``dG G ````SCG ``U`` ````H A`` ` HG
OG``aCG ZCG gDhHCG j dG SG
jQh dG L G TEG
EG SGQdG
eh .A``HG id jGG dG H FHC
Vh j jdG ```WCG CG T Z
dG a eCGh eCH hj Gc
e je eCG gh GdG j Jh dH
j e Ggh .geb dG FdG
gj Jh GdG ae IQe e SGQdG
gDe H dG EG aGdG IQeh
.aG HS d
G dG dG U H ``eCG
d dG IQ``` e ``e dG ``
AdG QT EG d Lf b fEa (%U
j Q
h jdGdG gG Ve fCH
ceh dG j b hj j
dG a `` `J``j CG ``` ``eh
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
%100
d G
d
h .jgG e dG f
(%2.5)
ZCG CG M f aG GQH fQ e
CG d dG iG J (%70.5) e dG
.H G fGLdG GQG cG QW
jCG `M `f 4-5-3 dG ` ``e
d dG IQe G a fCG
``HG``dGh `d`` `dG jG HG dZ
G d ae jd qCG CG jgG q S e
q d aGdG bCG LQHh (%78.4) gj Jh
HS d j `` dG A``` ` dG (%50.4)
.aG fGLdG d
e dG O H bdG e jh
c jgG a j jdG
H a j J Gfa GQG
.MGh G GQG c MGh J
IQe ASH
dG
, d
edG CG
fOCG G
j g G e
fGLdG
Oj b
dG IQe
EG d
dG W
IFdG a dGh
GQG Fd eY be
fGLdG
GQH G FdG ` e
je EG `` ``d``Hh
`` ``dG ``` fG``L``dG
ae IQe CG IQe c jgG
j Q IQeh %78.4 MCG gj Jh GdG
dG IQ``` eh %50.4 d ````aG``dG
````d``Z CG `` ``j %U d
fGLdG d HS d ICe SGQdG
402
he IQ H dG e jh G
.H U e
Cj GZ j G HdG dG CG Z
gCG e d dG e Q H
dG LJ EG H .e Gh O d dH
````Gh ````` ``dG Q``` ` G ` ` `J`` ````eh
jHdG e G d Gk Qe j d SG
f UCG G```Hh .e dGh
O G EG J dG jHdG SDG Me
I eh `` h````G A``` Hh ``L```dG a
dG jG G
dd dG dG J he IQ H
IQhV EG jdGh H d WdG G O
c O``Mh d dG hG O G
baG
Jh G G fG : j
j
`` ``e Q``` ` e G`` ` d `` ` ` SEGh
gj `` IQ``` a . G ```dG
IO VGZCGh U e d dG
Z d e dG FSdG aJh bJ jW
.(2009 hTMG dG
d dG h``` ` G ``` ` gCh
UEG Ea d dG IQe HcEG
WdG G FOe OQh ``dG HdG
G I e
f jdGh H d
b ``e dG ```J`` h````e IQ`` ` H ` `
F CGh jHdG ` `jQGOEGh JJSCG
``cD`J ``e G``gh .````Gh ``H``dG ``L```dG
G G fh . G e 101 100 99 OdG
EG CG d Oh jHdG GG ``g
Oe H CG fL EG LZGdG SQG
g CG Ea dG Q dH JCGLCG j G
fc EGh ``` SGQ``dG ` ` ```H j
HdG LdG Gg J SQGG e jdG
```cC``dG ``e ``j``G `` `eCG ` ` ``jh .``j``G
Lh FOe SZ
dGh dGh
dG GQG e dG Gg j G
.aG G fG g J
```dG ```fG``L``dG GQ``` G EG dHh
G `H FMEG GO ``a a j
a j e `f``c EGh e
bGdG Ea ``fEG dd FMEG GO a
j HG G gGdG bdG G
ISCG b M
M e ICGG CG
c J L `` ``G U LdH
fEG H I c GQ``b Jh dG UCG
GdH G `bG``G ``e jdG J
.cdG
YLG GQG
G dM
KCG j
MUEd
eEG ,jH dG
gY KG
CGLCG d hCG
dG Q dH
b fGLdG GQG G g c
GQe
Fd ah LG GQG
IQe j G e UGdG IQe :g a
I``` G ``cQ````G IQ``` e `` ``` G ```dG
e dG Fd ``V`` j ah .``e```dG
. eh LG GQG
`` LQO CG ``` F``` ` MEG G````TD``G ` ` J
j fCG CG 73.25 h 0 H MhGJ e dG
q bh .bq G bCG G e MGh CG
``eCG .U ` ` (%17.2 f) G J 270
e 36.39 H a LEG H G SG
iG J 37.5 ``LQO C`H q S G E`a .75
q ` G dG ``eG QG`` bE `` ` `G ` `fOCG
CG fEa LG GQG e ` fOCG
iG G cQG e %47.2 f
M f i CG Mf e .a a (37.5) fOCG
a e dG H LQdG c J OLh
; LG GQ d dLEG FdG j
``fEG `H FMEG ``dO h Q``a Lj h
. LG GQG QcdGh
5-5-3
hG
LQO YCG
a Lj
73.25
403
LQO UCG
GfG
QG
22.37
QG GfG
H G SG
fEG
Q P
LEG
fEG
Q P
22.83
21.86
36.39
36.44
36.36
aG cQ d G AdG jgL ie J - G dM
6-5-3
hG
YCG
LQO
UCG
LQO
GfG
QG
a Lj
25
a Lj
24.56
a Lj
25
QG GfG
H G SG
fEG
Q P
LEG
fEG
Q P
4.63
4.67
4.57
18.19
18.39
17.95
j G e UGdG
8.52
8.7
8.3
12.70
12.64
12.79
G dG
7.13
22.83
21.86
13.8
13.99
13.59
I G cQG
edG
M e edG jq gL ie
YLG GQG
GQ d dG FdG
YLG
LG GQ```G EG dH
jG H hdH e dG q j Oj
d dG dG CG `Z ``j``g``G ``e ``` HQCG
dG ``e ` cCG e dG ``` ```fC`H J
HGdGh d dG dG CG
dd f dG
.dG OGaCG e %57 j J J
h``g``L ``` e ` ` dG CG ``f``` ` dG ` ` Jh
GQG fL aG cQ d
aG GQG fGL e `cCG LG
e dG f H fq Qb G EG dh .fGLdGh
GQ d dH jgG Z a
HG f e
; bh j d LG
``` LEG ``H```` G ``S```G ```S ``M
IQeh 18.19 ``j`` G e UGdG IQ
IQ``` eh 13.8 ``e``` dG I``` G ``cQ````G
h Q``a ``L``j h .12.7 `` ```G dG
e CG QcdGh fEG H FMEG dO
dGO ha J e . LG GQG
c HG cG dG GQ```G H
.5-5-3 dG d j
5-5-3 dG
CG fdG
h gL edG
Q d
aG
GQG fL
CG YLG
GQG fGL e
fGLdGh aG
25
22.5
25
e dG LQO
20
18.19
17.5
15
G fOCG G
12.5
13.8
12.7
10
7.5
5
2.5
0
j G e UGdG IQe
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
G dG IQe
404
6-5-3 dG
(%)
LG GQG
edG I G cQG
G dG
j G e UGdG
%0
%25 hO
UM gL Z
(LQdG LEG e
bCGh %25
UM jGdG
(LQdG %50 e
e bCGh %50
UM QW
(LQdG e %75
e cCG hCG %75
UM gL
(LQdG
G dM
IQe AL
G UGdG
IQe , hCG
Y G dG
IQe kGNCGh
I G QG
edG
405
%20
%40
%60
%80
%100
e UGdG
jNG
Y G dG
QG
edG I G
GQG
YLG
2.6
28.4
18.3
26.1
8.9
11.2
33.3
16.7
35.6
22.7
18.7
35.3
52.9
37.7
29.7
21.9
GQG Fd eY be
YLG
GQ``` ` ` d ``` ` ` ` ` ` ` dG ``F``` ` dG ` ` ` H
OG`` aCG f ``e ` `cCG CG ``` ````LG
d HS d Ce (%52.9) dG
U ``a```G G LG
G IQ``b ``gh .``j`` G e UGdG IQe
aG cQ d G AdG jgL ie J - G dM
7-5-3
dG
Mh
c
G
dG/
dG
G
HE
Q
F
GOG G dG G
d
JG
d G h
GdG dG
dG a
e
aGO
j
Q
dG J G
e
e
b dG dG
CdG G
h Q
dG
CGQ dG
hCG I J
a
f
W
d
V G
h
d G
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
HQCG b bh .aG G f d
fGLdGh aG dG g dG e G``fCG
1 fOCG M S e
fdGh LGh
fOCG G CG VGaG ddh 5 CG Mh
V j ah .LQO 3 g dG e
.dG OGaCH UG dG Fd
LQO 3.94 cQG LQO Se H
HG ``e ```` `ZCG CG ` ` q ``j G``gh
c .``` ShQ``G dG d c eG Gh``` XCG
c f OLh QG GfG q j
g M G Q fCG Z .dG OG``aCG H
q q f fEa dG q f M fCG
e IQh dH d ``gh e dG `H q j
Gd b e a fSQ e hCG f
.FdG g e QH edG e H fEa
dG ``LQO Se CG FdG XCG bh
QH QcdG Se e CG fEG id
.FMEG dO
AGQG aG
Qh QG
e e dG
edG Ff
dG
dG
```gG ```dG `` ` dG Q``` G ``` ` dG ` `
```e ``dG ``j``g``L i``e ``a``` ``` SGQ``dG ` H
7-5-3
hG
dG r)kI
(5 (G 1 e dG /4dG vKG-
hdG
H F MEG
fEGh Q dG
LQO YCG
fEG d d
4.77
LQO UCG
2.54
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
GfG
QG
0.33
QG GfG
H G SG
fEG
Q P
LEG
fEG
Q P
0.275
0.369
3.94
4.01
3.84
406
8-5-3
hG
e dG r)kI
(5 (G 1 e dG /4dG vKG-
hdG
F MEG
Q dG H
fEGh
YCG
LQO
UCG
LQO
fEG d d
2.06
fEG d d
fEG d d
fEG d d
GfG
QG
QG GfG
H G SG
fEG
Q P
LEG
fEG
Q P
0.44
0.4
0.48
4.01
4.08
3.94
aG dG
2.37
0.38
0.328
0.429
4.09
3.9
fGLdG dG
4.88
0.42
0.388
0.449
3.75
3.8
3.69
LG dG
0.44
0.378
0.478
3.98
4.09
3.85
fdG dG
j g G
dG ie Y
H aCG
G Y
GQG
dG M e edG jq gL ie
```` ` ` ` ` ````dG `` `LQ`` `dG ` ` q ` e
J e q d dH e dG
q`` ``S ``e ` j`` ` ` dG ` j``` ` ` G ``` ` ` ZCG
jgG Q``W e %51.5 :``j``g``G
j VdG Ggh .hgL e %47.2 h
d dG FdG
IVM ``` `dG CG 8-5-3 h`` G ``j
e M `d h HG id b H
FMEG ddG EG dHh . H GMU
aG dG QJ j dG H h d
fGLdG dG J i`` CG dG
dO G ha H LJ dG fdGh
G LG dG ``JC`Jh .FMEG
.LQdG bCG HG S M F dG
O``Lh Q````G G``` fG `` LQO J c
``` h . HG ` H ``c ```f``
8-5-3
dG
G dM
25
e dG LQO
4.5
4.01
4
3.5
3.75
3.98
G fOCG G
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
aG dG
407
fGLdG dG
LG dG
fdG dG
aG cQ d G AdG jgL ie J - G dM
9-5-3 dG
(%)
fdG
LG
fGLdG
aG
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
%0
%20
%40
dG
aG
%25 hO
UM gL Z
(LQdG LEG e
bCGh %25
UM jGdG
(LQdG %50 e
e bCGh %50
UM QW
(LQdG e %75
e cCG hCG %75
UM gL
(LQdG
%80
dG
dG
fGLdG YLG
%100
dG
fdG
dG
LEG
0.1
0.1
3.4
1.9
5.5
2.7
1.3
42.3
45.6
67.6
47.5
51.5
54.3
52.5
26.8
49.7
47.2
.jd Sb dG HQCG
``LQO CG M H ``j``Gh
``` SGQ``dG ```` i`` d `` gO`` Lhh ``` ` dG `` g
QJ jdG dG e aGj
aG dG A``L a ``gQ`` `Jh g
JJ b ``gQ```` ``H hCG ``LQ``dG
IH Gh OLGh aG cGh dH
ffEG EG eJ dG fGLdG dG J
dG G ``dG FdG G``g fEG
a e hCG h L g e
G``L``dG dG hO j O``Lh `` EGh
```fG``L``dG ``` `dG ``e ``JC` Jh .```W```dG hCG
dG ffEG fdG dG f iHh
fheh e fc b fEG
JCJh .dG e Z e eh eh
e dG LG dG ` d H
. Z e GOa
G a G e U H eCG
fQ e dH ```TCG IO`` ``fEG CG
dG SGQO Ff JcCG e Ggh QcdH
. fEG dd FMEG GO a X M
e dG id dG LQO ae e jh
J gCG ``M SQG CGQ SG
ie ``Mh ``a```G ``e``bEG dG
CG dG q ``Hh .```e ``dG i``d ``gQ``` `M
dG H egG `` G``H`` CG ``SQ``G
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
%60
SGQdG Ff CG
e j e CG
OGaCG f
(% 47.2) dG
M e h gL
d eG
eRdG
aG
dG Fd eY be
e j ``e CG ```SGQ``dG Ff ``cCG
h``g``L (% 47.2) dG OG`` aCG f
``e `dG d c eG M ``e
f e `cCG CG fL EG Gg aG
G`` ` ` ` (%51.5) ``` ` ` dG OG`` ` aCG
dG ``e ```HG``bG J dG ``LQ``dG
aG G f d deCG dH
EGh (jgG QW a bh
dG LQdG f hH d c
408
9-5-3
hG
YLG dG
fGLdG dG
aG dG
dG
3.63
3.54
3.45
3.24
SG
0.62
0.67
0.62
0.71
QG GfG
fOCG G
bCG G
10-5-3
hG
G dM
AGQG G
dG CG QG
id I H IaGG
g G AdG
j H dG
dGh dG
dG Y fGh
409
fdG dG
YLG dG
fGLdG dG
aG dG
dG
2.24
2.11
2.26
2.04
SG
0.67
0.65
0.63
0.68
QG GfG
fOCG G
bCG G
aG cQ d G AdG jgL ie J - G dM
10-5-3 dG
TdG IOLe b
IH
Gh
W OL
Gh
a G
G
M
d
G hD
J G
h
G G G
HEG M
G
h
dG
G
hQ
h
d dG
G
e
dG h dG
dG
I
G d
cQ SG
A G I O G Q
EG
G f H
Q
d
d
hD G j dG
G
Jh
h
eG
f e
d
CG
G
d G
G
f
G
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
gh dG dG G e e dGO
ISCG gGh C `d dG iG
ISCH jOG IadGh dG SGQH
i`````Gh ``` ``H ````` ```dG I`` a`` dGh
````` ```dG I`` `a`` `dGh C ` ``d ``` ` ` ` ` dG
.SQH
FdG ``J :``` fG``L``dG GQ``` G .2
GO G CJ CJ fGLdG GQ```G CG
``H``dG dG ```gh `` G j
dH dG ``g``a``dGh I``` SC ` d
. G
GQG CJ : LG GQG .3
e `` dGO G ` ` ` e `` ` `H ``` ````LG
IO```U``G dG dG G e
```SQ``G dG ``g``a``dG ``gh
gadGh G dG gadGh
. G dH dG
aG dG CJ :aG dG .4
dG G e e ``dGO G e HQCH
```dG :`` `gh IO`` ` `U`` G ````````dG
dG gadGh ISCG HdG
gadGh ISCH jOG gadGh G
.SQG dG
``` `dG `` C` ` J :``` ``` ` LG ``` ` dG .5
e ```dGO G ` ` ` e `````H ``` ``` ` LG
dG :gh dG dG G e
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
dG dG
GQG Y dG dG KC
dGh
b
fG dG dG J
:ddG G G e dG SG e
UdG ee ISCG :ISCG cJ
H CG hCG CG Z e ISCG hCG
(IdG hCG IadG hCG dG
C d dG iG
C d dG iG
dG SGQH ISCG gG
ISC d HdG dG
ISCH jOG gadG ie
G dG gadG ie
G dH dG gadG ie
SQG dG gadG ie
SG hCG
OLh SQG
edG id
dhDG
dH dGh
dG d SGh
Yh dGh
dG
h``G `` ` fG QG``` fG
c
: j q (20-3
G e H aG GQG CJ .1
410
G dM
dG f GPEG
jdhCG YCG b
KD ISCd
dG FQ
j dP Ea
SQG GKC
G dGh
edG iHCG
dG e kYf
bY
SQeh SQH
FeRh
. UEG h`` OJ e cG d
a G dG dG gadG eCG
bGh CG e f dG JG
M
Zh
` EGh dG cGe EG j
IQ``fh ``j``eQ QSCH dG d VQe
b dh .GhdG bh e EG G
e dG dG dG aGJ EG d Oj
AGQG `J``cCG e G``gh aG
d
fG dG TQh cQG jG
.(10-5-3 dG
G G ``g CG g M G Q``
dG a G c J
q gCG
gMh d CG e dG H gfUQ
; dGh GQ```G cG ``LQ``d IO```G
G``gh % 16 h 3.4 `H ``g ` C`J hG`` J EG
` q ``` J i`` ` CG ` eG`` ``` g CG ````j
e Oj e e ;e dG
j G fhdEG a dH g CJ EG
e G FSdG e f HG Gh
hjh . b e dG Ff JcCG d
e e H j e dG CG g
. LG ````JG Th ` f``fEG
dG ````G h``` ` G A````d CG ```c
d `H``````G ```` ``e``g Gk QhO
. b i`` CG ae QOe
e UGdGh OdG ```ZEG j c
F e U j ``dG OG``fCG
h d .jdG MG ``g dG
geb dG dG h e ZdG
G e dG Ff M g J
jQe e dG DJ i CG e
j J aCG dG j bh
. JGhOCG eA eh dG
SQG dG
hG) SGQdG Ff
e hj
e f jd j e dG CG (11-5-3
G IFdG b dG `` VdG
dG h a j dG SQG
SDG CGh ;SGQdG A e h IJSCG e
M EG d
fhOJj dG dG
J J eCGh eCG e LQO e
411
aG cQ d G AdG jgL ie J - G dM
11-5-3
hG
e aGhCG
aGhCG
aGhCG
e q M EG
1.7
13.1
67
18.2
6.1
12.9
41.7
39.3
a q dGh dG W ZQ SQG q J -
11.5
36.4
45.1
2.3
3.2
23.6
70.9
0.8
2.6
26
70.6
7.1
9.1
39.9
43.9
fG LCJ ``aGh H `` EG
.( G 14-3 hG
aJ e M SQG AGQG U Hh
g J H e e d SQG
HjEG d IQdG CG fEa dG
SQG
aGJ ``SQG``G CG M
e FdG Vj ``j``dG WMG
SQG e %52.6 H U c F e
16-3 h 15-3
dhG fG) dG
G J f Lj c .( G
jdG GQhO Z a SQ
. SQ d G
Oq D`J CG fCT e eGdG g c EG
SGQdG Jh G J EG
.SQG QdG IgX e bj
SQG JG S e EG aVEHh
`` ```G I``` D` `G ``eG````dG ` ``cCG CG
aGhCG
( Oe GMG JJSCG e W b
SQG J e /F e e q W b
d
q -O
-
Gq L GOG EG d SQG qJ -h
G EG gDj dG jdGh aG
.OG
EG e dG AD` `g ```SQ``e ``JG ``bh
XCG M dG g e e M
FdG SQG G CG SQG SG
``H``` jEG dG `````SD`G `` ``e
e dG H ``a `G e j Oj a
H ``H``LEG ` MhG``J M `````SQ``eh
``gO``Lh ``` h (%37) `` a ` `G IQ```f
H ``e dG (%23.9) ` `WEG
H `` ` M ``e ``` `J ``` dG ``a ` G
(%42.3) H U e d h fCG e dG
HSCG OJ CG dGh HG e
dGh H h`` dG jdG MG EG
JG EG EG e ``MGh c a j
EG fMCG O j
fGbCG H gcCJh
FSh gJ dGh dG g e H
FSh g
kfMCG YEG
g e LC
dG
12-5-3
hG
EG aGhCG
e q M
aGhCG
aGhCG
e
24.3
25.9
20.7
29.1
21.4
19.3
25.2
34.1
20
16.2
20.5
43.3
33.8
32
14.8
19.4
e dG d G dG SQG aq J -
jhOCG dG ILCG jS jq Qh dG GqdG c q SQG IOdG aGJ -
(dhCG
FQ dG HhCG V q U M SQG q J -O
41.6
32.6
12.8
13
23.9
19.3
19.8
37
23.7
16.6
19.7
40
30.6
33.3
16.1
20
aGhCG
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
LG ce q M e dG I LG Te SQG Lj -h
J e q M e dG I f F CG/HJ Te SQG Lj q dG
q dG q HdH q e Ve SQf -
412
LG jTG
.G M dG
F CGh
FdG CG
d dG KCG
SdG H dG
SQGG
FSdG f AL
G dG h
SCGQ Y SQGG
ij dG eGdG
KD fq CG SQG
AGOCG Y k S
edG
G dG
dG `` G `````dG J
e dG HSG X a SQG
````S`````dG ``` H``dG ``` ` d ``` ```dG `` ` CG
``H`````SG ` ` ``e ` `d h `` SQG`` G
a EG ZCG CG EG HG
``` Z``j ```c .(%69) ``e ```S````S
q ``j G``gh .(%63) SdG cQG
Q``eCG ``e jTGdH I```SCG AdG Qf
d
OCG h .SdG CdH J dG
H fG cQ d fG dG e
c %37 hJ dG I ` CG fdG
dG G dG H fG CG
a cQG f hJ 2009 fj
. GdG IQG h M %51 gQhH
HG ZCG CG dG Ff Hh
I ` ` c ``j``M ```j``d CG h`` j (%64.5)
d J c . dG JGQ j
hH JJ GQ gh jdG GQG
J M dG GQH T
GQ``` G ``j``M ```` `f ```e ``dG AGQG
H (14-5-3 h`` `G) (%43.4) dG
dG SGQdG OGG Q G Ua aGJ
Q G ```f```eEG `` h ```L ``e f j
dM H aGh dG J J
49
GqdGh FSdG f J
``aG`` G Vh (%92.6)SQGG
Vh (%89.1) ...Gh ``jO``G
`````LCG ``` ` dGh ```H```dG ``` `dG i`````e
a .(GdG
%88 h %80.2)
SQ d aG aG QOe Oq J
SQq G OG`` ` EG Vh (%57.5)
.( G 17-3 hG fG (%69.6)
UEG
J eGdG g c EG
G j e G``gh SQ d ``H``dG
HdG IQG h) ` cQG``J
SG
`` WCG ``j``` Jh ``` dG ``` ```dGh ````W``dG
.(2008 dG dGh
dG SQG d dH eCG
M HG `H `` `aG``J Lj `a
HLEG MhGJ M dG g aGJ
c e aGhCG h e aGhCG H
JSDe CG M .(13-5-3 hG j
U `` h ````H ```d ``a``J ````` ```dG
M ``e d J a `` H L
FQ dG ``` HhCG V U M ``
V dG eGH d Jh JH
GQ`` ``G `````Jh .I ` ` ` `G `` VG`` eCG
J Ve
SGQdG ``eG``dGh
i`` CGh dG HdGh dG HdH
SDG H CG EG .``` ` fEG H
GO``` ` dG EG `` ```J ` `dG ``e dG
.``````dG G`` ` `Gh ` F``` S``d``H I``` ` G
dG SDG c aGJ
` fCG c
G dM
11-5-3 dG
66 |D G e /M J
HLEG
%0.4
%0.4
%37.1
%30.6
%62.5
%69
413
aG cQ d G AdG jgL ie J - G dM
13-5-3
(%)
hG
ee M
jM
Se jM
I jM
0.8
3.8
30.9
64.5
dG GQG -CG
2.3
9.2
45
43.4
dG GQG -
2.2
31.1
59.7
jdG GQG -
L e (edG jf dG jQddG
. G LQdH d JQ f
T ``gQh``H ``SQ``G ``F```f A`` Lh
M (18-3 hG fG) e dG FH
j G ``e d ``LQ``H ```SQ``G j
jM %37.3 h e jM %35) dG
eCG dG j G J jdGh (I c
`` CG ```dG G ``j`` G fa ``g`` G
fCG (%53.7) dG f ``e ` cCG
DJ CG FdG ``g C``T ``e EG .IOh``
A a aGJ C SQ d G AGOCG
e dGh jdG j Gh G j G
. dG QHGh GHEG j CG fCT
U H `d``c e dG Ff `f``c ``bh
ISCG GO AGS HjEG CGdG dG
.12-5-3 dG Vj c .LQ hCG
gQT gQhH SQG c
cCG M CGdG dG j H
h``G fG) ` d e %86.6 f
Aa aG EG
G j G
jdG j Gh
fC e dGh
Y Yj CG
QHGh GHEG
dG
12-5-3 dG
SCG
SCG
%8
%9
dG SCG
Q jCGQ
ISCG
%92
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
dG SCG
GO jCGQ
ISCG
%91
414
14-5-3
hG
aGhCG
e
EG aGhCG
e q M
aGhCG
aGhCG
e
27
40.6
20
8.2
4.2
33.3
45.3
11.3
5.1
YCG
Uh gGH IQdG J Gh FG
d G AGQG J Gh FG
EG FSh -CG
EG FSh -
15-5-3
hG
aGhCG
e
EG aGhCG
e q M
aGhCG
aGhCG
e
29.3
38.7
17.8
7.3
6.9
33.9
41.3
11.6
5.1
8.1
YCG
Uh gGH IQdG J Gh FG
d G AGQG J Gh FG
Lj fCG
(%23) e
aGh dG
e G ``f`` `dG J h```J
EG FSh -CG
EG FSh -
(%25.8)
c G fG dG g OLh
G ``````dG ``````dG ``g `` `cCGh
16-5-3
hG
EG aGhCG
e q M
aGhCG
aGhCG
e
40.1
37.2
13
5.5
4.2
25.8
39.5
20.5
8.4
5.8
33.6
34.6
18.9
7.2
5.7
27.3
34.5
21.2
10.6
6.5
28.8
32.2
20.1
12.9
5.9
e hCG dG U fc e SQG f dG J hJ Lj -
23
25.7
23.2
20.7
7.4
e hCG dG U fc e G f dG J hJ Lj -h
58.5
20.3
10.5
7.6
3.1
qdG aCG Ua jd G e-
24.1
32.1
20.5
14.2
9.1
( e SGdG i CG GQ dh e G IAd ah j
q FXdG T -
25.6
38.2
15.2
6.5
14.5
23.6
33
15
9.7
18.7
G dM
415
aGhCG
YCG
G H
EG b G c d dG j SQG IOLG fG dG H -
dG
q
E G b G c dG j c G IOLG fG dG H -O
dG G H
q dG AGQG
j dh q VG
j dG A JQG -
aG cQ d G AdG jgL ie J - G dM
13-5-3 dG
I H Iae H
30
25
20
15
10
5
F
S
G
f
Ge
T
A
G
d
j a J
L
H
a
Gh
G
G
G
d
H
W M
G
eh
S
a
j O
J
e
j
H
aG
d
M
e
a
H
U
j
Q
a J
Q
d H
h
G d G
L
H
S
J
e
G CG
IGh
d
G
Gi
I
dG
H
J
a
G
S
S
j
jQ
h
d
G
dG
a
dG
G
a
d
d
H
J
UN
G `` `H````dG ``f``` ` dG ` ` ``e
G ``f````dGh HG e dH
jG H AGQH G Jh SQH
dG TQh cQG QG dG UCGh
M G H h``G gdG
:gh
`` ` eCG EG ``` ` ` e ``` c``M `` L`` J `
j Jh g
``e G EG ` eC``H J
G Ea . Jh V ee GQSGh
c e dG e HG dG J
aG cQ d jgG QW
G``bG `` IH d ` d ``e ```fE `a
.e
e `H``````G ` `` AGQG `` `` `J `
UCGh jG Hh IJSCGh e J
j dG M i CG IQJ Jh IQJ CGdG
dH W ``eCG gh dG IQ G
.e d a dG G EG
``` dG ``H``` ` ` SG ` `` ````J `
j h eg e G
AdH G fGG e jdG ae
` `G ``` Vh ``` H O``` T``` SG ```
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
HG ` `ZCG U c . U fc
j G dG ``dh C` H (%58.5)
aGh M dG I c jQe
T CG
dG e a %24.1 e
IAdG
j G bGdG FXdG
i`` CG GQ G CG J h QGbGh
jCGQ
f eCG j c . d
aGh M XdGh GOdG e jW
MG j `fG
a %23.6 e
GOdG e VG GQ G EG
.A JQGh XdGh
jG ```TQh Ff ```VhCGh
CG`` dG ` ` G O`` Lh QG`` ` dG ````Uh
IGhG J dG dG aGJ M H
M `dhD```G dH QdG
h
jdG e dG CGQ e JG
I`` `H I``aG```G dG ` cCG C` H h``j
dH QdG dG dG g G
OL EG d S GLQCGh dhDG
j G e EGh G Gh dhdG
g H .G G edG
Oj bh . d EG jG e i CG
TQdG cQG H
G Gg
.a dGh jdG J J EG ZCG
M L
eCG EG e
GPEG , eCH
g
e
GQSGh j h
ee
h
416
. G jHdG JGSGh
FdG H SdG j CG `eD`j `
``b`` ` d I ` ` c Dh``````J ` ` J ``` dG
G SH jh dG eGdGh HSCG
I b SJ e cCG H dSCG
``` ````LG ``` ` dG `````d `H``````G
.AdG H j dG G
G dM
j CG eDj
H SdG
dG FdG
I Dh
Y b d
eGdGh HSCG
N jhdG
d dG dG G aW j `
I ``c ````gCG ``` dG dGh I````G
E`a g ``eh jdGh HdG e e
j G Gg adG VhCG SGQO
feEG H ``W``MEG ` LCG ``e eg G``eCG
IQU jJ H aG VhCGh AdG
. ee
417
aG cQ d G AdG jgL ie J - G dM
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
418
6-3
dG
G AdG gCJ f : dG e e
aG EG d d HG
G fd dG dG
aG HjEG
G G fG EG
aG
H j
Y d O G
OQh dG MGf
aG IdG
e jDhQ Wh
Gh d
G dM
QG dG P G
dG SdG
NG g ,O Gh
G fd SSCG
AdG Ie
dG dGh
j
dG bW
feEG Y d
GQbh
419
Q a jS he Vh G EG
edG e ` d J he fc G EGh ` dG
J he fc G EG ``eCG QTCG S a
`` ``fh ` ` `f CG i``` S ```` ` ``` a I``` ` ` d
.fEG
U e
f dG Y IQ dG
aG
``e ``j``` dG ``H``` G ``` ` ` dG ``` ` j
GHEGh QHH G GQGh GQ dG
dG aGJh gj h g
e G EG
IQ`` ` dG ` ```Jh .``` d I`` ``` ` G dG
ITe ```G SG ````dG
` ` CG dG i``c `` h````e
`` ` ` fGh `` H`` dG ` ` ` ` UEGh O``` ` ` bG
eCdGh LG dGh GdG
gh ``g `Zh LG dGh dG
dGh dG QDH
A dH c c
jh dGh j G WG eOEGh
ObG UEG CG c .jdG dG
S 2005 EG 1993 GdG a dG
dG IQdG
j Lh j
G OdG bJG e jdG d H
j e d c EG . hdG e jdG e
h SdG JM UEG UG G
``L``Jh ``jO``` ` ` bG ```a`````dG G``` TD` e
G fGh jdG f WdG ObG
.dG ejdG
````e `` EG ``jO``` ` dG `` ``` S `` bh
`` G`` G `` ` ` ``` ` fG ` ` ````G
ZGh e SJ M a H dGh
jOdG SZ gH IOG JGb
J Lh AdG T a dG
AfEG c .fEG dG GHEG
d dG dG J d dG dG
dhDG a SJh WG dG T dG
G fG G j h G``g .adGh
Je e ``` ` ` cGh ``e`` ` ` G ``f`` ` J
G G`` ` fG j `` ``S```SCG
UGdG UGhCG j J e jGdG
AGOCG h j d JGhOCG eGh Jh
```G S a .```jQGOEG ``e``G
``e`` ``dG i`` MEG ```b``dG ``` ` JG ``f`` `J
h edG IQGOEGh Ob d FdG
. ffEG e e IOSG e WGG
GQG `` `dG ``e`` ` `WE ``` G jh
G fhdEG e G V e G
.2013 S hdG
e ``TQ``dGh LdG ``g L EG
LCG OG`` EG
G IQ e EG j
EG IdG Jh .aG IO dG
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
fGh
%94.8
2010
S SQdG
. 2010 ````S %30 EG %43 ``e f
2010 S SQdG J
EG UdG h
c .dhDG dG M %94.8 H
W ``e G SG ``e``f``dG CG
e `` G EG j G```G G``g e G
e dG EG ddG h SQG QdG
ie dH ge hCG b
G G hj dG eCG EG .eCG
dG GTG EG gOb j d dG
`` G ``g c dG d h``dG
a J Q Gh d H Q dH
.Wh GQ G AGLEG
j ` ` VGh `` ` J ` d``` g `` c ``` c
``` ` ` dG `` ` ``````dG ````Z``dG
OG EG h A d V G dG
``` G ``e ``j``` dG ``d j ```c
a . O`` ` Lhh `J````H `` ``J``G ``j``` G
e edG dG H dG G
fGh 1990 S %0.9 LEG dG
``` Hh``` G 2009 ``` ` S %1.3 ` ` ` ` ``d
c .(2009 d edG
jbdG eGHh e H dG hX
S U H VGeCG HQ h
S 65.5 e e I G eCG JQG
jh.2009 `` S 72.9 EG 1988
``U`` G `` ``dG ```TD`e GQ`` `J ` d
Sh .edG dGh jdG
HG SC d FdG
SG f
%5.6 `H h S Sc %4.3 `H JQG
dG e fGh .2003 S e b fG
%8.8
EG 1998 S %16.3 e dG
.2008 S
fEa G `` G ``g I ` Jh
A```Hh
W SEG j H dG M bj
IG CG ``e``f``H ``W ``e IG
GgCG e G j CG d
```Hh```G 2015 ``aCG d ``` ` dCG
j ``
(2009 d edG
G`` ` f ` d ``````dG ````Z``dG A ````H
.aG HjEG
HdG G c e ZdG h
dG j i CG j
a
QGOEG OdGh dG d Hh eCG ac
e LG IGhG e jG h
.OG dG f j dG J LCG
52
dG j
e jdG HG
GQGh GQ dG
QHH G
e GPEG ,GHEGh
gj h g
dG aG h
IYG dG
d
jOdG YS
G eYEG
Y fG Y
KG G Y
a H dGh
420
dG Yj
aG f
Y OYG
KdG G
YdGh dG
,aG : dG Y
dG ,j G
SDGh dG dG Ad e dG
Se Lh G Q dG j H dG
edG dG I e U
h````e ```Vh IQh``` Vh d
c c G ``g EG . O``gh bO
f dG ejH HG G ``
G fGh G hG
UEG GQOe CGh U dH aG
G dG H a dG IjG SdG
JeCG HdG dG MLG dG jQG
WdG G GMEG e e jL H
``g``L jJ G`` MEGh ````fEG
. G QSO
dG e eC
G dM
N EG
dG
G SGh
YLG jdG
e dG de
ICGG YH
h
Y
edG EG dG
eh G e
bdG G
IQhS a , f
, G EG
h e
G bGdG
421
f dG
aG
``a```G ```f ````dG j
dGh dG dG JG
O G
dG ``j`` G ``a``` G : ``` dG ``
Vh Uf eGh gaGJ Vj M
H dG `````JG```SGh ` ` G
``` g``` ` Gh ``a```` `d ``` ` V`` G ``` ` ` dG
f dGh jObG SCG j Jh LfEG
. LGJ dG IjG G
d
EG j G CG dG G``g h
j eT ObG UEH dG
hH e e
h ObG j
c .``` G dG ` ` ````Wh U
``dG dG dG `` ``d LJ dg
dG %0.3 e d IOUG fGG fG
2005 S %0.8 EG 1993 S
fc
. (2006 G j J G G)
J jdG d WdG IQOG CG c
je I
dGh j d IWb
``dG SdG G``` dG ``LQO j ``
HQ LfH ```c`` G dG J
G jdG dG e e
A`` ` EGh G iG
cGdG
ehGh dG dH j d jdhCG
ICGG Ea d EG aVEG .G
VhCH dG h AL HG G
ff dGh SdGh LGh a dG
dG
c CG EG .j dG edG
de `` ````LG ``j`` ``dG `````JG```SGh
. h ICGG H J e dG
```LCG A```H f ``H```jEG ````dG EG
A``` H ``` ```d ```gOG``` EGh ``eO`` ` dG
hH j MdG `HG``HCG ``dhh aG
F dG LdGh SdG UQ T
b h LGeh
. dGh HjEG LdG LJh J
G e j dG jQdG Cda
aGJ G EG QG d Hb IOe ``
OQG``G UH ``e`` ``G SdG IOGQEG
dG e e - G dM
1-6-3
dG
dG dG
e eC
dG
dG Y IQ dG
dG
eY UN
d dG dCG e hCG jdG T
d G eg jQJ e
Me ``` TQh ` ` e ` ``L ``e``g G ` ` J
d ``gQ`` G ```eG edG dG ``e
HdG :G j G dG L
Gh O``` ` ` bGh ```S`````dGh ``j````dGh
``dG
dG ``
H ICG`` Gh dGh
O dG
G g cGQ
fe f JJ EG OCGh VG
;jdG dG S dG dG
e ``j``` dG Q``` ` b ` ` LhCG ``` X ``M
: j e
TG dG jOG
jdGh ```H``dG e e
t
J ````` ``J `` L`` ` ` ` J``J
e aL iS J h G W
GQ`` `dG j ``j``dG WdG
``e ` dG ```a```G GQ`` ` `Gh
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
e jG J bGdH d Gk J
dG GSG Vhh jG GQG`` `dG
.HjEG FdG e jG H dG
AdG OG`` E dG CG T h
AH AT `c b j aG
gG cJ j e e e ``SCGQ
`` jDhQh e ``j``H``J a ` ah dG
a SH j e U Hh VGh
dhDG a h IOGh EGh LfEG
QG dG `` `JGh e G a h dAGh
efH) dEG cdG ae AH
H SDeh ``F`` EG IG CG
edG Q``eCG eh .(2009 e G TGQ
i`` ` ` ` ` G ``J``` ` ` SD` G ``f``G ``aG``J
jdG M e dG e G jgL
IQ````Hh . ` e``` ` Gh ``` ` ` dGh G`` ``gCGh
L Gh dGh G OLh i CG
``b```e ```g CG ``eh . ``d
```dG
H H e h dhG OG J GJ
G dG c G fG `` U
fh G ` bEG SQG
jHdG ``jQGOEG e a e cdH
Ff e d c `` Qh .A``HGh SQGh
GWCG g J h jdG V
H ` `fCG EG I`` j`` G `` ` M``G ``f``g``H
G``g ```H```jEG GH ``j````dG ``e
L e WdG G Gh Q G
N G Y
hCG jdG
ddG dCG e
, eg G
k Qh e L
e Me
, edG dG
gQKG eG
L d
j G Y dG
G
422
G dM
Y j
, dG QhO
e IOSGh
fEGh bW
LM h dEG
IQh g
G d
H d WdG
A Y jdGh
WdG GG
dGh
423
IG GQGh GQ dG G
dG e eGh G``HEGh QHG
; dGh
``M ` ` UE ` d ``j``L ``` ``f A`` ` ` EG t
dG G``HCG J H dG
dG dG dG d SGQdG
gh jHJ IMh UCG ie
gj J
Jh SGQdG dG
;eA Gh IOG GgCG j
j h SGQdG gG j Jt
ae T AH e G
h``` ` G `` ` j `` h ;``` ` ` bh ``jQ``` eh
LM J e aGG G
dH dG ` ``jh ``a```G
WdG ` HG`` ` dGh dG ``` e ` ` SEG
```f````fEG ```f```dG ``` `dG ` ` ````dGh
; adG Sf WJh
ddG LZGdG FG dG O G t
hdG dGh JGdG dG J dG
dG UGdGh dG dSCGh
AH
G J
j
; dG he
J jdGh HdG e e L t
IG d dG dG G H
i``e ``````G `` ```dGh ``` dG ``` ```dGh
;I G
Ad Wh h jDhQ ZUt
``` J``` dGh ```J``e`` `e ``j`` ``e ``a``` G
``` ` V ``e ``` `` ````Gh ``` gG``dG
gj Jh Jh gd
;IQh dG
j H j ```Wh Ue A````fEG t
``` ```VhCG ```U``d ``` ` ` dGh ` ` gG``G
```fG JLM G``````SGh ```J```ZQh
JG G j M Gh
.JMWh JG eh eH h
I G IAG dG
e dG J t
jdG baG SJh cQGe d
;SQG dG IAG dG G G h
eh ````SQ``G `````G J t
TEG `LCG e dG eh A```MCG
; d IAG dG a
dG GG LJ Jh Ot
UCH HdG G AZE aGh
e IOSG j dG QGh dG
;WJh f
dH jdG j
IGOCG fC HdG
jdG Y G
FSh e Shh
e aG j
dG Y fG
dG
QhdG e
Nh jDhQ U
Ad
j e aG
dCGh e e
Gh gGdG
424
Hj Gk jL f gA EGh jdG
O``` HCG ` e``` ` dG ``` ` ` dG h``` ` ``H
;jObGh a dGh LG
IGOCG J dG HdG dH jdG t
e SEGh HdG jdG
G
e ``a``` G ` W``J `F```Sh ``e `` ```Shh
dGh ``````dG ``` `dG ` ` ````fG
dG d e U Hh HcG
;hdEG UGdG dh dG
dG h````e ``` G `` ` fG `` `d
dGh HdG UEG Sh ffEG
G H U c - SSCG aGgCG
HQh HG fEG gCJ EG - WdG
dhdG J h .dH dG
UH jdGh HdG e e UE
Leh ` ` UEG ```f j ``dG `` ``G
k```f``H ``` `jCG SG `` EGh ``S``` SCG
Oe ICG`` `LCGh d (2009) dSG
``j``bh I``j``L ```e```jO ` F`` ` EGh ` ` UEG
``jO``G ``` f``` eEG ``e ``j``` dG ` d `` `ahh
d WdG IQO```G CG c .jdGh
A d jb fgQ ``gQh``H T jdG
G dM
MG GQOG EG
jGH e G
ddG dCG
gdG H
dG aQh
425
dG e e - G dM
eGdG
-1
Thomson Scientific Data OST computing. Sited in -- Country Leaflet-Morocco. Evaluation of Scientific Techno -
-3
-2
. ogy and Innovation capabilities in Mediterranean countries. Francoise Laville. Jean Theves. Updated version 2007
e H H f dG JG G MG 2010
-4
-5
-6
-7
-8
-9
-10
-11
-12
-13
-14
-15
.2011/2010 2008/2007
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
-16
-17
-18
-19
-20
-21
-22
-23
-24
-25
-26
-27
-28
426
-29
-30
-31
-32
-33
-34
-35
-36
-37
-38
-39
-40
-41
-42
-43
-44
-45
-46
-47
-48
-49
.(2011
G dM
.2002 /dj 25 jQH 5024 O SdG IjH QOdG edG dGh HdG SD UG SSCG dG fG
dGh AMGh JGSG jje
2001 T/jGa 19 jQH (www.hesperess.com jg
427
eGdG - G dM
-50
-51
-52
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
428
G dM
LG GQhCGh LGG
429
LG GQhCGh LGG - G dM
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
430
G dM
431
HdH LGG
`````dG ` ` Y ) .2000 hCG ``` MCG t
.( h jH bGeh jb ,H dG
.A dG QGdG IjG dG e
ddG gG ) .2005 ------- t
G`` ` `HEGh ` ` ` ` dG ` ` ` `` SQ`` G QhOh
AGQ `` `d TdG `` D`G (``` dG `` ```dG
WdG dG dGh dG dhDG
a dGh H d ```H```dG G ``H```dG
. dGh
.2002 F EG IG CG efHt
d ```H```dG ``` f``` ` fCG ``````dG ``j`` ` J
.OQCG .(2002
dG j J .2003 ------- t
.OQCG .(2003 d HdG ffCG
h`` dG ``F``` f ) .2007 ------- t
``` dh``dG `` ` `SGQ`` dG `` Q``` ` G ``` H``` dG
```` ``j``dG AGOCG ``j`````e ``` L``` d
``` dh``dG ``` dG .( TIMSS 2007 `` ` ` dGh
. EGh j d
dG ``j`` ` ) .2008 ------- t
I``` ` G `` j`` dG ``` ` ` L``a .(`` j`` ` `` `` `dG
.jeC G
`` F`` EG I``` ` G CG ``e``f``H t
.2009 e G TGQ H SDeh
f :2009 d ``H```dG ``a```G ``j`` ` )
d jdG QGO .(````e ```e ``UG``
.HO dGh
HG SQG ) .2009 IOGH ITQt
GQe .(`````dGh `` ` gG``G ``gG``j ```
dG e 16 OdG HdG
.G A dG QGdG IjG
```````dG ) .2002 ``e``` H ` ` U t
.( Gh ``bG``dG H dG dGh
.Ig dG QG QGO
LG GQhCGh LGG - G dM
,G G) .2006 HG Gt
``` W ` ` LCG `` e `` ` `dG `` `` ` ` dG ``` ` SG
.(jdG dG e S N , e
.A dG QGdG HG dG QGO
G QSO ) .2011 HG Gt
.G .(2011 ,HG
d CG G HG Gt
jdGh ```H `dG e e ``d``M) .CG2008
``e`` ``G ``` ` WCG : ` d``` dG A ` ` G ,``` b``aGh
.HG G .(jdGh H d WdG
.( (2011-2009)
432
fdH LGG
Delors J. 1996. ( Lducation : Un trsor est
cach dedans, Rapport lUnesco de la commission internationale sur lducation pour
le vingt et unime sicle). Editions Unesco/
Odile Jacob, Paris.
Khadija Elmadmad, 2000.(la femme Marocaine entre lEgalit et lIngalit des Droits
in un Sicle de Femmes). Maroc.
LG GQhCG Fb
``j``` SCG ```````dG) dG O`` ` t
```` ```dG OG`` YEG `` gQhOh ```G
edGh d dhCG SGQO .(aG
.I DG
dG dG) Q b H G t
.(AdG OGYE HG
G dM
433
LG GQhCGh LGG - G dM
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
434
G dM
MG
435
M G - G dM
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
436
G Y Qh QG ASCH Fb :1 G
dG dGh WCG j h dG dGh WdG H dG jRh NCG MCG dG e jYH bCG
G dM
QG O SCG
GdG QcdG SCG
JGT gGHEG QcdG SCG
M j dG QcdG SCG
dG jdG QcdG
e SCG
MCG jG e IQcdG I SCG
JhGJ jQOG IS I SCG
MCG QcdG SCG
QO dG cGdG QcdG SCG
H dG SCG
T jdG IQcdG
Qc QcdG SCG
GdG ij IdG
bGdG SCG
Gc dG QcdG
Qhb AU fG
dG Z fG
dG Qg fG
b dEG fG
HgdG AS fG
SG f fG
M HdG QcdG
jOM aGdG dG
G G SCG QcdG
MG e J H QcdG
jdG Qf OGe dG
437
M G - G dM
G SG QG SQGG ASCH Fb :2 G
dG
jdG H HCG
cG dG M
dG QGO
H G dG
c G
G
`F d
`Sj e
G SQGG
eG SQGe
HdG e
dG SDe
aG VjQ SDe
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
jQdG dG jf dG
W H HG
( HdG `TQ HG
S HG
( HdG dG G
jQOEG jdG
UG dG
dG
G e
`gf d I eCG
IQOG UG SQGG .
WG SQGe
GL GL e
G SDe
438
G SG Ff :3 `G
(%) LddG
11.4
88.6
15.6
84.4
11.9
88.1
fCGh jQqdG Q G
31.7
68.3
j G A e e QhdG
45.5
54.5
dG e UGqdG
G dM
(%)
439
FS d SQG SG G CG :1-3 h G
q J q Vh
dG
SQqdG
dG fCGh FGdG H SQ
64eCG
H
G
h=CG
G
F
G
0.7
9.8
42.5
47
1.5
22
39.4
37.1
1.6
21.7
21.7
55
10.9
21.1
22.7
45.3
7.3
27
65.7
SQqdG ge M e dG e T dG -
11.6
63.8
17.4
7.2
SGQdG gH J e dG EG e Vh be -h
0.7
60.1
25.4
13.8
43.3
36.8
14.2
5.7
11.9
62.2
18.5
7.4
5.8
31.5
35
27.7
2.2
9.3
26.4
62.1
SQqdG Hc -O
(feG GQ G e dG J / Q
EG
e dG I e -
I U V e dG J edG I G dG IOG HQ -
ZG OQh dG Ahg
G -
M G - G dM
(%)
42CG
M4K|9
G T/
M4K|9
e <I
=
M4K|9
75.7%
20.7
3.6
2.2
79.3
16.4
2.1
0.7
75.2
22.7
1.4
GQOe Jq Gh e IQH d e dG aO -
0.7
54.6
41.8
2.8
2.9
73.7
22.6
0.8
H EG e dG I e -O
e q M e dG jQJ -
5.2
52.2
38.1
4.5
1.4
87.1
10.1
1.4
SQG e dG
e dG J -
43.2
47.5
9.4
H q j dG fCG c I H I
e dG aGe -
0.8
70.7
27.8
0.7
0.7
70.2
27.7
1.4
0.7
83.2
16.1
23.4
53.2
23.4
q G e G
dG dG
dG IOG fGbh G dG M
JGdG dG SQ
G dG
e dG jQJ
e dG jQJ
e dG I e -h
e dG jJ e dG jJ -
LG dGh OG e dG
(%) SQG
J-
ShQdG H e dG GdEG -
f Lh e aG S :4-3 h G
26.5
73.5
10.7
89.3
15.9
84.1
43
57
16.9
83.1
14.3
85.7
dGh CG AG S e aG fEG -h
16.9
83.1
a H ffEGh S G G SG -
26.9
73.1
25.2
74.8
18.3
81.7
29.5
70.5
Gf OG SG e H aG WJ -
45.2
54.8
ffEG dG IQh dH dh f dG dG Qq dG -
8.4
91.6
ffEG d e aG -
10.9
89.1
dG fEG M aG -
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
e G a c -CG
aG
G dS-
a d jdG QfG -
aG
G LCG e adG -O
dGh CG Ib S e aG
aG
eG -
dG OjO G -
G iH dG S JQG dG dG GH fEG HQ -
440
(%) jH
dG SQG g G :5-3 h G
DGKCG
GHCG
DGKCG
DGKCG
e <I
DGKCG
e
11.5
22.9
51.1
14.5
SGQdG d e dG id G e j J
0.8
13.5
51.1
34.6
6.1
19.8
40.2
34.1
30.3
46.2
12.1
11.4
8.2
42.9
39.1
9.8
19.4
58.2
13.4
1.5
12.1
65.2
21.2
1.6
6.8
45.9
45.9
4.5
27.8
42.9
24.8
6.8
36.1
39.8
17.3
1.6
19.5
78.9
0.7
29.9
60.4
2.3
15
48.9
33.8
jOqG edG h dH e G EG
cdG j -CG
aQ SQq G j CG H e d -
UEG -
Jq J AG Gfj CG j e SQq G d -
aGh dG M AdG GSj CG SQq G e Jq H G e G J
G dM
jQJ G j M i CG OGG F
441
M G - G dM
(%)
JCG
,F
JCG
6ke
JCG
9
JCG
d
90.9
5.6
0.7
2.8
82.3
12.8
2.1
2.8
86.2
10.9
2.9
82.4
12
3.5
2.1
LQ h dG GO dG
q M -O
88.4
8.2
0.7
2.7
dG dq dG cQG -
60
36.4
2.2
1.4
QHGh GHEG
IQ G -h
80
16.4
1.5
2.1
DhdGh dG
IQ dG -
65.7
31.4
2.2
0.7
70.3
23.9
2.2
3.6
e FCG
5
<6
e
(G 3 e <6
(
G
<6 4 k<6
GQOG Jq G eG bQh
dG HLEG -
e ECG
<6
$7
22.5
34.8
39.1
3.6
SQ d OG EGh q dG -CG
42.2
30.4
21.5
5.9
e dG CG J -
0.8
8.5
39.2
39.2
12.3
jq QGOEG LG Q M -
5.2
52.2
33.6
QeCG AdhCG e GA d -O
1.5
13.7
38.2
12.2
34.4
15.2
18.8
34.8
18.8
12.4
9.6
11.1
14.8
11.9
52.6
DGKCG
GHCG
DGKCG
1.4
6.3
DGKCG
e <I
33.8
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
DGKCG
e
58.5
442
DGKCG
DGKCG
e <I
DGKCG
e
1.4
6.4
35.9
56.3
1.4
8.3
30.6
59.7
j H ej j SGQqdH e dG gG -O
10.6
22.7
51.8
14.9
dG Iq H G dG L q j -
25
43.6
23.6
7.9
0.7
3.6
40.8
54.9
e dG ZCG id aG dG
(%)
<
e
e <I
19.4
44.2
15.5
20.9
12.2
38.2
23.6
26
3.6
21.4
32.9
42.1
1.4
12.1
86.5
G dM
jOG dG W -
e eh H SQG bY :10-3 h G
JCS -CG
JCS -
dG
JGdG AcG q j dG e O -
dSQ MU CH SMEG dG e -
(%) dG dG
443
h G
DGKCG
DGKCG
T0 (G
e
DGKCG
e
20.3
43.8
23.4
12.5
39.3
33.9
14.3
12.5
44.2
31.5
15.3
q dG aq j -CG
eG A CG J UG J SQq d HdG
e dEG fG SCG SQq G jQH U cGe SQG e jb LJ -
L H MCG
ddG IAdG h SQq d J dhqdG aq J -
16
26.8
42.9
14.3
dG ie d eG A CG jQ d Ij Ua dhqdG aJ -O
8.7
12.3
43.9
35.1
15.5
24.1
38.8
21.6
q A fG j -h
eQU j e EG jQdG TG
6.4
8.7
49.2
35.7
26.4
39.6
20.2
14
14.5
26.5
40.2
18.8
21.8
35.3
32
10.9
DGKCG
e
dG G Gh SQq G (OG EG jJ H Iq g LJ dG dG d J JGhQ SQq d dhdG aJ SQq G M SDq eh fCG LJ dG M eG A CG jQJ f SQq d dhdG aJ -
M G - G dM
(%) gG
aGhCG
GHCG
aGhCG
f aGhCG
e
aGhCG
e
1.6
16.2
38
44.2
1.5
12.4
51.5
34.6
4.7
25.6
39.5
30.2
LQG aG
0.8
14.5
47.3
37.4
3.8
26
43.5
26.7
edG I G e e e d dG dG eGdGh gG J -
0.8
20.7
53.1
25.4
1.5
23.7
46.6
28.2
(%) GQ
G j H dG dG eGdGh gG q J -CG
jQh dG GQG cG dG eGdGh gG J -
IQOb GAc OG EG
dG eGdGh gG J -
dG H G e edG
Y SQG GQb
:13-3
h G
42CG
,4E
,F
,4E
6ke
,4E
,2K
8.4
32.1
47.3
12.2
6.9
20.6
53.4
19.1
q G e G -CG
dG dG -
23.5
55.3
18.2
GQOe Jq G -
2.3
28.2
54.2
15.3
8.5
20.2
58.1
13.2
H GE -O
e q M -
11.2
29.9
45.5
13.4
Vh j dG QG G SG -h
14
40.6
35.2
10.2
dG IOG fGbh G dG M -
9.5
22
44.9
23.6
e IQH dG -
10.8
26.4
42.6
20.2
18.4
24.6
35.4
21.5
ShQdG M I G ie q dG -
28.4
44
21.6
G dG -
17.4
19.7
34.1
28.8
d dG (%) SQG G
GHCG
G42I
I0CG
)G2
72.9
19.3
5.7
2.1
23.9
37
34.8
4.3
8.8
39.4
42.3
9.5
SQG e dG H M LJ -
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
444
(%) edG
GHCG
G42I
I0CG
)G2
12.1
17.2
47
24.6
12.2
17.3
25.2
45.3
52.6
8.9
16.3
22.2
69.6
13
9.4
GHCG
G42I
I0CG
)G2
72.2
7.9
10.4
9.5
33.1
12.9
16.1
37.9
39.9
17.4
31.1
11.6
12.7
19.7
47.9
19.7
G dM
(%)
445
SQq G SQG J -
12.2
87.8
34.9
65.1
7.4
92.6
30.4
69.6
SQq G OG EG V -O
17.3
82.7
10.9
89.1
42.5
57.5
11.5
88.5
19.8
80.2
12
88
IQ G SQq G L
jQdG eA e -
(...G jOG aG G V -h
SQ d aG aG QOe OqJ q dG f e dG aGO V dG HdG dG e dG IOLEG LCG dG IOLEG -
M G - G dM
ee M|0
,2K M|0
,F M|0
:18-3 h G
e M|0
27.7
37.3
35
5.3
36.4
42.4
15.9
dG GQG -
29.3
40.6
27.1
jdG GQG -
53.7
26.1
14.2
G GQG -O
dG GQG -CG
JD|dG
kdG
64G
LkG
kdG
Cd
Y IQ dH QdG :19-3 h G
13.4
86.6
bh GQe Y d IaGG dG dG KC
JD|dG
kdG
cdH
tG
JD|dG
kdG
~G
JD|dG
M2G
,|6CH
kJG
,|6CG
6G4H
{kdG
dG
LkG
kdG HdG
Cd ,|6CG
M4G eG
0.084
0.097
0.098
:20-3
h G
kdG cdG
G4G
dGK
0.206
0.134-
0.132
0.169
0.098
0.150
fGLdG GQG
0.074
0.083
LG GQG
0.102
0.225
0.232-
0.266
aG dG
0.060
0.089
0.123-
0.086
0.131-
0.229
LG dG
0.142-
0.142-
0.108-
0.241
fGLdG dG
0.062
0.175
0.242-
0.073
0.092-
0.249
fdG dG
aG GQG
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
446
H d dG QdG G De :4 G
YLG YdG e jG OGYCG Q :21-3 h G
2010-2011
2003-2004
1135107
975085
FGHG dG
42556
20915
OG EG f dG dG
1177663
996000
1260
720
40522
39750
OG EG f dG dG
50279
43457
gCdG f dG dG
92061
83927
1829
913
50941
36837
OG EG f dG dG
51579
44389
gCdG f dG dG
104349
82139
FGHG dG
1GdG e KkG
FGHG dG
2959648
FGHG dG
254932
OG EG f dG dG
3214580
30687
0G
G dM
447
M G - G dM
gG j :22-3 h G
5G I
%100
%100
%100
%100
%100
%100
AH IO E e QWEG OG EG
G
2010K 2009 5G
2011 e KCG 66CGK
AH IO E e QWEG OG EG
G
d LG UdG OG EG
d LG UdG OG EG
dG e fe
dG e fe
FGHG
FGHG
bGdGh d OL OG EG bGdGh d OL OG EG
dG eGH e LGdG dG eGH e LGdG
FGHG
FGHG
SGQdG eGdG LGe
FGHG dH SQG OGG
G|7'G
G AH IO E G QWEG
SGQdG
d G gG J
eGdG F fh G j
d G SGQdG
SGQdG GQ G eA eh J
efdG Ge e d G
SG
d G jHdG LdG
SG efdG Ge AV
IjL SQe c fEG WCJ
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
448
dG SDG gC
5G I
2010K 2009 5G
2011 e KCG 66CGK
%73
6556
4760
%63
2332
1464
%79
40142
Ie 18221 EG QW 13594
1257
908
%69
2510
1730
%89
2629
2330
h G
G|7'G
gCJ dG SDG O
G e gCJ dG SDG O
hCG dGG aGG J SJ
LdG
M UEG dG G G O
:
%72
: 23-3
IaG SDG O
LdG
MGG
jQdGh IG fG
H HQ dG SDG O
:
%80
3423
2730
%74
3363
2481
%86
1088
938
%73
776
567
G dM
%92
AG
AHdG
dG GdCG
dG
QHGh dG e
1100
1009
%57
4518
2595
e IG dG SDG O
SQG CG j
%97
295
286
M UEG dG GdG O
%49
10416
5111
fdG e IG SDG O
FbdG
dG dGh WCG jJh dG dGh WdG HdG IQG h :QG
449
M G - G dM
2010K 2009 5G
2011 e KCG 66CGK
%63.75
1432
913
IOe H IG SDG O
SMM FSdG
%100
49
49
H IG jdG cGe O
SMM FSdG IOe
%94.34
3182
3002
ffG H JG SDG O
%46.97
148937
69956
jdG e jG SQG O
JGh e G LdJ Ze
G|7'G
TICE
%100
2752
2752
jdG e jG G O
JGh e G LdJ Ze
TICE
%142.6
100000 Cd
142605 Cd
I G bdG e G O
%56
100000 Cd
56844 Cd
G bdG e G O
%56
100000 Cd
56844 Cd
Vh dG bdG e G O
dG
%60.13
142608 Cd
85764 Cd
WJ dG bdG e G O
dG dGh WCG jJh dG dGh WdG HdG IQG h
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
450
2011/2010
jG
1-4
453
dG
aG h aG ge
453
dG aG Vd VGSG
453
aG ShCG QWEG :ffEG dG
454
dG a ffEG dG Vh
454
aGjdG VdG
455
dG GTDdG
455
dCG GgCG f dG
455
ObG dG
456
dG
456
d edG aG VhCG
456
G VdG UJh Sb
456
dG aG GTDG
456
adG ObG GTDe
457
e dG f J
459
fEH HQh dG dGh GHEG
460
e dG dEG dG
460
jdG OQGGh dG
461
aG EG ddG QO dG HdG AdG
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
2-4
463
463
463
464
464
dG dM
465
465
465
466
467
468
468
dG
aG AdG OGYEGh dG dG
dG dG Q J
aG AdG OG EH b h dG GgCG
dG MGG
dG dH G GWCG
dG d dG GTDG
SSCG dG
f dG dG
dG jQdGh dG dG
ddG dG
dG MGG fheh dG hT
G dG MG dG GTDG
jG-dGdM
469
dG dG dG GQG SZ f
469
gG
470
S Gh LCG dG GQe
471
jQdG FGWh dSCG
472
dG fCG J dSCG
472
SQG dG
472
edG feG
473
dG e G dG Q f
474
T d MG dG f
474
edG SQG dG
474
dG JGh e G f J
475
UG LMG hh h HgG
475
G jQJh OG EG eGH
476
d XdG VdG LQO
476
dG UEG OL
477
dG
dG fEG
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
3-4
481
481
dG
AdG OGYEGh dG SDe
ISCG
481
dG bh ISCG
482
dH JG dGh ISCG
483
G e edH JG dGh ISCG
483
AdG OG EGh EG
483
dG LG dGh dG e e
484
dG e eh jdG dG
485
U
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
4-4
487
487
487
489
489
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
dG
AdG OGYEG IKDG dG dG
SdG j G
TdG G GTDe
jce dGh G G
dG c G
489
WGG
490
SdGh dG dLh dG
491
SSCG j G
492
jObGh LG j G
493
dG j Gh dG A dG TDe
493
fG dGh jdG
494
dG ffEG dG OL LGJ dG LQGh GdG jdG
494
eCGh SdG jdG
494
aGdG jdG
495
LG jdG
495
jObG jdG
495
QGOEGh ObG UEG SS
496
d dG
497
LG dG fEG
498
AdG OG EGh Gh G SDG
498
FdG V G QhdG :UG dG ge
499
G G SDe
500
dG aG AdG OG EG eCG jdG gCG
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
5-4
501
501
501
501
501
501
501
501
502
dG dM
502
503
503
503
504
dG
fGG SGQdG Ff : aG EG d d AdG j gL
fGG SGQdG
d dGh d FGdG dG
dG Uh
SQG
QG dG eh AGG e
fGG SGQdG Ff
GQdG
adG GQdG
deh e dG dG IQe
HdG UGdG IQe
dG M IQe
f dG G SG IQe
adG GQdG H hdG J
jG-dGdM
504
505
506
506
506
507
507
508
509
509
510
510
510
511
512
dG
512
e dG
adG dG
LG dG
fGLdG dG
fdG dG
dG M e dG jgL ie
adG e dEG d d H dG dG M dG TQh a cQdG AGQG
dG dG
dG dG a e dG AGQG
SdG cQdGh AdG
LEGh ff dG dG M e dG AGQG
adG d H dG dG dG M dG TQh a cQdG AGQG
512
513
514
514
514
515
516
518
519
521
521
523
U
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
6-4
525
525
525
527
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
dG
M e jDhQ :aG dd dG AdG gC f
AdG OG E dG HQ
dG ZdG
dG IQ dG
528
528
528
529
529
529
dG e eCJ
dG c
d aG dG j J
gj Jh dGh jHdG SD d dG dG J
j h dG LddG Q j J
HdGh dG dG j J
529
531
LG GQhCGh LGG
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
537
539
540
541
dG Y Qh QG ASCH Fb
dG SG QG SQGG ASCH Fb
dG SG Ff
MG
: 1 G
: 2 G
: 3 G
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
WCG Fb
dG a adG J a U dG dG SEG e f
:1-1-4 QWEG
490
dG dGh A d GA a
:1-4-4 QWEG
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
459
CG Fb
478
504
505
507
508
510
511
511
dG dM
512
513
514
515
515
519
(2007-1997) I d dG
edG fEG Q J
dLEG d adG GQdG Se H fQ e
(%) adG GQdG a e dG jgL je
dLEG d fGLdG GQdG Se H fQ e
(%) fGLdG GQdG a e dG jgL je
dLEG d LG GQdG Se H fQ e
(%) LG GQdG a e dG jgL je
AdG id gaGJ ieh GQdG gCG M dG TQh a cQdG AGQG
dG a dG GQdG M dG TQh a cQdG AGQG
dLEG d dG Se H fQ e
(%) dG a e dG jgL je
AdG id gaGJ ieh dG gCG M dG TQh a cQdG AGQG
dG a IOLdG dG HCG M dG TQh a cQdG AGQG
(%) SdG cQdG M e dG AGQG
:1-2-4
:1-5-4
:2-5-4
:3-5-4
:4-5-4
:5-5-4
:6-5-4
:7-5-4
:8-5-4
:9-5-4
:10-5-4
:11-5-4
:12-5-4
:13-5-4
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
jG-dGdM
hG G Fb
jdG dG jQ J a dG Vh
:1-1-4 hdG
455
dCG GgCG J a dG dG
:2-1-4 hdG
457
adG ObG GTDe AH d adG VdG Sb
:3-1-4 hdG
458
(2009-2007) dG JG FSh a cdG O
:4-1-4 hdG
465
dG a dG MGdG H dG GTDe
:1-2-4 hdG
479
2007-1997 IdG
dG f j J
:2-2-4 hdG
488
TdG dG GTDe a dG Vh
:1-4-4 hdG
492
2011-2010 IdG
jObG jdG TDe a dG Vh
:2-4-4 hdG
493
2010 edG A dG TDe a dG Vh
:3-4-4 hdG
497
2015 d adG GTDdGh 2008-1990 I d LG dG GTDe
:4-4-4 hdG
498
dG ddGh iQdG eh GdG e a AdG J
:5-4-4 hdG
502
e adG GQdG Ff
:1-5-4 hdG
502
e adG GQdG Ff
:2-5-4 hdG
505
e fGLdG GQdG Ff
:3-5-4 hdG
506
e fGLdG GQdG Ff
:4-5-4 hdG
508
e LG GQdG Ff
:5-5-4 hdG
509
e LG GQdG Ff
:6-5-4 hdG
513
dG Ff
:7-5-4 hdG
518
(%) JfH b h SQdG M e dG AGQG
:8-5-4 hdG
518
(%) dG dG dG M e dG AGQG
:9-5-4 hdG
520
(%) jd GQ dG jM M e dG AGQG
:10-5-4 hdG
520
(%) LGh ff dG dG dG M e dG AGQG
:11-5-4 hdG
521
(%) edG
EG FSh M e dG AGQG
:12-5-4 hdG
521
(%)edG Z
EG FSh M e dG AGQG
:13-5-4 hdG
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
454
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
dG dM
HdG G hO e O Q G 2011/2010 d aG j J e e k
b fG AdG e eJ ch HdG G bG d cCG IQ d J d
j e dGh adG j a fCH J HdG G dZ CG e
G g fdGh G I dG
f S M gh . cCG hCG f e
AdG jgL dCe e d G SGQdG Jh .edG e ILh Ia
G hO e IMGc d G SGQO V dG Gh .aG EG d d dG
d J cCG hdG iMEG JG bdG
h G Ua H dG HdG
EG gObGh f d gOL
VGh CG G L j LGJh
dG UEG OL d I dG a J bh dG Gg JCjh .aG
L IAc h dG IOL j b cdG IQh H GQOEG eJ X dG
EG d d eO dG LCG OG EH G FdG FcdG iMEG UH dG SDG
.aG
d aG d d Uh ```SGQ``dG e MT dG G``g hSh
AdG jg h dG aG AdG gCJh OG`` EG d VGSGh
eh dG TQhh fGG G Ff VGSG
e aG cQ d
.dG adG h OG EG f dG dG
bGdG Jh G fGG AG`` EG H G e O`` SGQdG Gh
AG JQGh .aG EG f d G jd aCG dG VJh d G
LG j dG
dhJ jQ Jh SGQOh SQ F h
SGQdG e dG
eh j e HGJh VhCG g b h dG SdGh jObGh
GO bf dG LG GQhCG e OH fSG
d
Ih h . eCG aG
. d aG fGG e
dG Gg cGTEGh dG b dG h e jT ShCG AGQH SS dh
dM ,2011/2010 d HdG aG j J G
Se TQh , dG
G jdG LdGh AGQG S ,AU 2010 ZCG/G 4 dG
Vh .aG AdG OG EG Uah j h d G VdG M QG dG UC
e G dG e b dG UCGh jHdGh jG e IL J dG TQh
dGh dGh HdG QG h h ` EG ``LQh G G eh dG
.dG eGh hdG hdGh
dd AdG jg Ge e G a , SGQ d fGG d Jh
O G dG GfCG dG AdG e
G LCGh .dG aG
d ```HOCGh dG ebCH edGh UG jf dG SQGG W e dDG
j h j dG dG SGh GQG Q AU UdG dGh
.jf dG M d SQGh SQG e dc G Th . dG dG dG
451
dG dM
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
452
1-4
dG
:ge J
aG h aG
f dG IQK dq h
LM e Gh
dG d I CG
EG dG
HSG
f dG g
IqG aGh
dG dM
q SC
dG j aG
aG f Y
h LfEGh
IAH
G
453
dG aG d GSG
ShCG QWEG :ffEG dG
aG
`` ``dG `` ` f ``````dG ``` ` e h```
Je `` ```e h O`````bG
` a``Jh ``` ` ` G OG`` ` aC `` a`` dG ` ` ` h
dG jdG dG e EG ,eG
fEG SGH Jh fEG J
CG ` ` ``` ` G G``g ```J``j ``M , ` `JG
dG eh . d jZh IGOCG g fEG
GQ d SJh J EG jdG
gL Q H fEG eCG MG
````VhCG ``` J ``e````a .````JG ``````dG
JGe e H jObGh LG
J JGe H CJ ,``a```G c
OQGG Q SG JG ObG d
jL e fEG EG OD` j ,aG
.ObG dH GSEG EG QhH ODj
GOG e dG aG J G EGh
dG E` a ,ObG d jgG
,``eh```e `````S ``a``` G ` ` ``````G
ae ``e`` ``e ``e``bEG ``g``` Q``````Sh
,``F`` EG I````G CG ``e``f``H ``d```a
aG j J SJh .(2003 ,j EH
G G``g 2009 d hCG HdG
j ``a``` G ```` `````SC`J CG ``` d
XJh LfEGh aG f
dG
G dG L IAH
```S`````dGh ```G ``` ` ` Gh O``` ` ` bGh
JGh e Gh f dG IQ dq h
GjGe GO G e G dG hdG
QJ
fG j G dG
f J
J `` ,JGObG
c S J OGaCG cE dG
f dG e e aGJ IjL GQeh
e ``` Xh .I``````G ``a``` Gh
`j`` G CG```a , ````dG G``g MJ
e G h ``a``` G ````
I`````Gh ``e`` ` ` G ``````` `d `````c
. I G fGL c dGh dG
HdG ffEG dG j J `` ``bh
GQ Sd IGOCG ```fCG aG (2003)
h jM dh ,JGQbh dG
Ad . dGh e G
dh , dG
M JG bdG gh IgOG G
. edG ffEG dG d jhGdG
2009 d hC G ``a ``` G j J A``L h
h`` `G d aG e Sd
QWEG e dGh Gh dG
,ffEG jdG fCG L j
``eCG GQ``` G SJh aJ EG ```jh
, ``j``Mh `e`` `J d ``H```dG ``` ` fEG
,J
``a```G J `d``Hh
IGOCG ,````X``Jh ````W``Jh ``L``` fEGh HcG
EG U d ` JG `b``dG ``j``Zh
qJh .he H G FGdG
e j Gh dGh aG j dG
H G e dG b dG
cdG
.UdG g
d ``H```dG ``a```G ``j`` `J ``` ` h
```` `d ` ` `` ` `` ` `Vh EG 2009
aG A```H ``LCG ``e G
` EG ``````J ``` H``` dG `` ` ` ` G
HGG bS J ,SSCG FcQ
HSGh ,j G SJ g , eGh
G ``UG```dGh jdG ``L`` G EG
aG h aG :ge J-dG dM
GdG dG
dG G h``dG V dG J
TDe ``dO j M , G jdG
H 169 UCG e 133 jdG dG
LGjh .2010 d jdG dG j J
JG dG dG e dG
.2004 d dG OG d ah %3 Qb
b dG O CG EG FMEG Jh
2004 `` f e 19.7 ``e ``` J QG
CG ,2009 `` f ``` `e 22.5 EG
H I``` dG ` f ``` `e 2.8 IO``j``H
. 2009-2004
S O``
j CG ``b```G ``eh
e G EG ``eO`` `dG S 24 ` `dG ` ````dG
gh . J hO g c dG e H
Me f 9,600,000 e j e
G dG Sh ,dG d dG
Gg d ,eO dG GS dG
IQ``b hj ``b `` dG I``b EG O```dG
1
d H bdG EG Uh ,UG I Gh
```ch .``` H``` dG ``````G ``` f``` ` fEG
Jh ``gO``J aG E` a ,j dG Q```TCG
jObG H J dG G
``j`` G ``` ` ``Jh ``e`` ``e ``` ``` ` LGh
aG CG M e e ,SSCH
G d fh IGOCG g gGdG
dG ``UE ` ``G E` a h `b``dG
Lh ``a```G `` cQCG WJ
Jj
.c Sh Le
dG ffEG dG h
d 1990 dG jQG eb
J ``` M ```H GA`` ``j`` ``T ```
jH QSGh O ``dG T ``e``eEG
I```d``dG ``dh``dG ` `` h .O ` ` dG ```L
HdG dhdG dG gh J
G J ` `cCGh ``cCG ``j`` ``dh ``
jdG ` LG``j da .``e``dG ``e ``j`` `
e edG h d j dG jdG e
dG A ` `Hh OQG`` `G ` ` Th `````dG ````dG
G
J Ie j h ,ObG
G U dGh gQEGh dc Gk c
1-1-4
hG
2010
2008/2007
133
153
jdG dG dO JJ
0.439
0.508
jdG dG dO b
63.9
61.5
IOdG U I bG dG
4.7
(2005) 6.0
60.9
54.1
55.2
1160
930
IqY dG LGj
dG e j
OQGG h dG
dG Nh
U dGh
dG
HG e
% ( S 15 <
%
d d eCG f
j e g
9,600,000 e
Me f
,dG ddG
dG Sh
dG N G
eO dG GS
dG dH dG f
($ FGdG I dG OJ O d LEG G dG
(2007-2006) 41.8
WdG dG
%17.5 $1.25>
%45.2 $2 >
% 52.5 *OHCG Oe
2009
dG
j jdG dG f
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
454
dCG GgCG f dG
,QG Q hdG V dG J
G``gCG
EG ```U``dG ``e J ``d ```fCG
dG e ZdG h .2015 H dCG
H ae h SSCG dG g EG
jdG CG EG , VG j dG
VGeCG
, G dG ie Q J G``gCG e
LG dG GTD G J U Hh
LGJ c .eG S hO ```WCG ahh
U fc GgCG H AGOCG ie
eh , dG f H G G``gCG
.feCe e Vh ,eCG ah
dG IQG h QOU j J MCG h
GgCG f dG S d ,2010 d
HdG A dG J ,dG dCG
``ch .g e G`` gCG
J dG
Ia OLh e LMG e V g HCG e
LEG f hJ
M ;I ``c j
LQGh G QOG e dG fEG
Mh .H G LMG LEG e %8.6
g e G``gCG J H A```jEG j
d j EG LH dG j ,OG
45 e j f dG dCG dG GgCG
.c eCG QhO H
f Rh
fEG LEG
QOG e dG
LQGh G
LEG e %8.6
LMG
H G
ObG dG
QSCG JQGh dG dG e CG
dCG
.SG
WdG ObG
H dG ```dG h````dG jh
J i`` CG jJ e Gh jdG
Gh ,%73.7 dG jdG S f
U h dG e jdG j EG ,(%26.3
aCG Uah IM H G f dG
SJ f ,j G WG
H
dG jGJh FGdG AH
. WG ``g ``e``G IA``` ch dG
dG e I c jT GJ e , d eh
EG ,SSCG eG J jdG
e %42 LMG AHdG e J
```SCG ``e %32 `LG``J c , ` `a dG
IQG h FGdG eCG Gk OM k f dG
.(CG 2010 ,hdG hdGh dG
dG GTDG
e ``Z``dG a ,dG `fG``G ``eCG
f Ea ,dG eG SdG OL
f H M ; V ` dG ``e dG
IOh 100000 d dM 370 eCG ah
fG bh .2009-2005 H IdG M
EG 1990 `` 8.1 ``e HG ```e
e j e f eCG .2009 5.1
%62 hJ a d feCe e QOe
e (%34) dG
CG c , 2008 ``
e ,dG ``e``G f Q`` ``dG``j
. Gh jdG H VGh jJ OLh
2
2-1-4
hG
dG dM
2008
2004
1990
23.5
(2009) 47.6
(2005) 46.6
..
15
..
(2005) 42.9
(1992) 30
100
69.8
62.5
52.7
(%) SSCG dG dG dG
100
74.8
70.6
44.6
(%) SSCG dG
dG EG dG f
40.6
(2006) 78.2
(2003) 102
122
(%) GS 5 S
WCG ah e
87.8
..
(2003) 365
..
32.6
52
..
(1991) 65.1
GTDG
(%)
(%) eG S
dG e WCG
e
455
j jdG dG f
aG h aG :ge J-dG dM
d edG aG hCG
dG G dG U h Sb
jdG ` ` ` ````L ````dG ``cD` j
GQG Jh QdGh dG gCG
Ad jDhdG aGJ c .ib jdhCc
d JGSEG jDhdG AL M aG
dG MWh G``gCG J
q dG 2025
gcCJ (2025-2005) e j
`
SCJh aG ObG AfEG
G c MfG IMdG dhO T bh .aG
aGh e EGh a dG c G
jOdGh dG WG dG fG AV
` `WEG ``` S``` dGh ``` H`` Gh ````S`````dG
fc LGh SdG ``j`` G
dG e dG Xh ,IMdG b j
SJh gO Gh ,H Gh Gh gCG
f MCG a dGh jdG SDG
J CG ``G G dG G`` G e
.H G aG IOj h SdG dG
dGh e EG G JG a ,Gg eh
Zh ,i`` CG IQ``J dGh IQ``J S H
j dG
LdjjCGh SdG dG
jdG G J h .jdGh a dG
dGh dG dG CG EG HbdG e
dZ SdG ``dh``dG SDe dGh
IQH , dG LJh Hbd j e
e dG j `` ,i`` C`H hCG
G AGS a dG GhOC d gQMG
h . JGh
EG FSh hCG G hCG
dG `` ` Gh `` ``` `G , `H`` `G
J EG ```VQ```G G``MC ``d ```S`````dGh
b ```dG IO````G hCG G dG ```Lh
.i CG GUCG J
J
4
dG aG GTDG
aG ObG GTDe
`ah e G``` TD` e ````dG S
Sb e V aG ObG TDe
h``dG ```dG ``g`` CG ```dG ``` G AGOCG
d ``` dG OG`````SG i``e j `` dGh
M ``e e ObG G j C ``e
aG G
G HQCG fcQCG Vh
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
dG
e G a TCG hdG e dG J
J M , jaCG Th ``ShCG dG
e ` bCG
j ``j``dG dG f
.2007 dG %47.6 EG dG jQhO
cCG 2005 d dG e CG e ZdG h
dG f dG CG
EG 1998 %40.1 e WdG dG
J jQ dG CG EG 2005 `` %34.8
b I ` CG dG AGdG ``e CG CG EG jCG
dG f O`` a . dG G``g Vb
2008-2005 e G`` C G
` ```JQG EG
.(CG2010 ,h``dG hdGh dG IQG h
SS ```L``J I`` J ``bh
;````gCGh ,O`````bG ````dG ```` h `` ``dG
ddG c GQ S d jdhCG A EG
cdG e jObG dG L
j eGHh dG SJh ,jdG WG
Vh dG d UCGh I dG hG
,jdG ICGG U h I dG dG h
``eC `d ````Wh `````JG```SEG Jh OG`` ` EGh
dG fEG LJh ,dG FGdG
d SSCG ``e``Gh dG dG
(2010 ,e dG dU AG dG LMG
jdG XJh jObG VhCG EG
f FQ H OQGG LJ VJ jdG
jObG dG LGeh AGdG aJ
WdG ObH J dG dGh G
, dG j Jh f bCG OQGe LJh
d f A`` ` EG ``dh`` ``e ``Z``dG
: GDdG j gh . dG d dG
jObG h dG g X c
gCJh aG Ad OG UGe
AH J S ``dG dG ``G ``SCGQ
?IjG jObG j Jh
IMdG dhO T
G MfG
a dG G
eYEGh
aGh
fG A
WG dG
jOdGh dG
H Gh SdG
hCG a
Y jObG
OQGG L dG
AGdG a f
dG LGe h
G jObG
j e CG
dG
456
3-1-4
hG
2000
0.17+
2.2
2.03
aG ObG dO
0.54+
2.66
2.12
1.12+
2.76
1.55
GHEG dO
0.35-
1.79
2.14
dG dO
0.65-
1.67
2.32
e G f J dO
dG
dG dM
H e
dO dG
jObEG aG G
T ,GHEG fh
k fG dG
dG dO
f dGh
TDe j
aG ObG
d dH
e bCG (2.2)
e Se
ShCG dG
jaCG Th
bh (5.4)
dH INCG
HdG G d
457
(2009)
e G f
6
4-1-4
hG
2008
2007
996,981
960,588
1,021,988
G JdG
107,993
92,643
74,116
hdG JdG
8,312,773
6,445,033
4,348,264
452,132
305,762
205,613
LQG gG e OH Jj ``dG
``eG``H `` ` jh G ``c``` ` dGh
ce A````fEGh e eh e jQJ
GHEG hG d G J
. HgG GQHGh gGe j Qh
SdG H dG HdG HCG eh
: j e dG e G J QfG
LCG dH EG ie Vt
. H
e d d FGdG I`` `dG V t
` ` ` SG`` G ``` ` ` J A``````b ``` ` ` dG
.Je eh
``e`` ``Gh dG ```e V t
dG SDGh dG gG
Vh ``f```eEG T H e G
EGh dG G cdG
.( G SQGe aCG VdG c
GQ``` ```SG A``` EG `` t
`` `` ` HQCG ```j```V ``e ```J``e`` ``G
` ``J `` ` `dG ` ` ` ` ` ` d``H ``` ``` ` fG
cG j dG JQGh GQ S d
.(e G J J e aj
M jdG dG f ``J t
%75 f dG S dZ LGj
aGG dG H (dG ``e
FGdG G G W d I`` ``dGh
J ``` JQGh ``jDh`` `d I``L`` G G
. WG g EG eG jEG
`` h ``` ` ` ` dG `` L``
` ` ` V t
Vh dG dH dG gG
LG dG e H dG
``` ` ` SD` G `` L`` h ``jO``` ` ` bGh
(2007 ,jdG T M dG
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
GG/QdG JdG
ffEG
d cG d hdEG bG :QG
eN CG q
WG f fEG
j G
I dG j
d d FGdG
Ab dG e
SG G
e e eh
dG HdG RHCG
SdG LG
QfG
e G
458
Ie
dG dG
e j IY
CG eh , jdG
dG Y fEG
d gh , dG
H Q j ,eM
a %0.05
G NdG e
gjh ,LEG
OH EG e
d U iNCG
Y dG dH
WEG
CG GjL T e j jQ e A
iQdG dG Gg LJ j
.(2010 , dG dGh HdG ,dG
dG G SdH gG gh
i`````G ` ` h `` `O`` `cCG ``` ` ` ` dG ` `
dG cGG e O fCG EG ,JGSG
J
`` CG ``G dG fL e
jObGh GSEG dG aCG SJ
30 j e gh . LGh
H SCH O h dG eG
J dh ,OcCG dG cGG e
dHh . jdG V ``e FQ H
cGGh eG HCG he EG
dG EG L G J , G dG
WdG iG
JGSEG dGh
e ```HCG d dG dG ``
jQGh hdG dG dhdG LMG
.(2010 ,dG
e j Gh dG dG CG c
dG ie
AG```S jdG dG
`d``ch ``O``cCG A dG hCG a dG
j ``e h . ` `a H ``` W``dG i`````G
dG dG ` LG``J ```dG ``j````dG `` HCG
iMEG JOQhCG c , dG G OdGh
:(2009 , G MCG SGQdG
OjE eT e ``jDhQ Z t
k LfEG e Gh a d ee e e
.k jJh k j J ,k LSGh j J ,k XJh
1-1-4 QWEG
dG dM
dG D|G - 8G dG 6(G e s3
gGdG bdG Uhh G G `` Oh ``U``G `` ` ` `d ``` ` c
``e`` `` ` Jh G``` ` `dCG 100 EG J , dGh dG dG d
LMG h h b EG hd U a dGh d dG SDe
SH eb
Ih `` ,```U``G dGh dG dH gG
a L d Wf j Q ` ``e ````dG ``` Gh
Gceh e 76 aG jQG jh .``` G``HEGh a dG fC d
eb bh .e M ee a ``` d``` ` dG `` e ````c O`` ` ``j``` ` S
jdG dG I``F`` SCdH dG ``` dG ``VQ``` eh ``` G``HEG
fGe ```UQ M , dG d ```d````dGh ``` aG``Z``J``` dG Q``` ` dGh
``j````S ``` fG``` ` c QhO ` ` dCG 100 ah ````Gh dG d dG
dG dG `` ``H ``U`` hd HdG d HSCG Jh JjQdG
IFG h . S a cGe e cGdH dG
WCG c , d VQeh LCG
je EG J
HCG
.dGh IAdG H CGH dG d edG G
2010f/ jHCG 21 dG Ij hdEG bG :QG
http://www.attagammua.net/index.php"action=showDetails&id=1688
2011 QjCG/je 15 jQH bG EG dG
459
jQ dG f G dG cGG
UG bGe e Gh SGQdGh
. dG LfEG EG aVEH ffEG
GQ J dG JG b jh
jQ EG bGG O OG M , UGe
dG e f
dG ffEG T
``g O``J``e ` H d ``M````eh ``` G
O c H G`` D`e eJ c ,``bG``G
VGaG LG T
dG fhG
jeh SSh U Tf
O jGJ EG aVEH , G e fTh
dh . UG d LG bGG ce
G OGaCG e ddG Uh b J
`j``W `` ``e`` ` ` G QO``` ` e EG `````dG
H dG jdH gQ `f``fEG
Jh .e dG SSCG dGh JG
fhdEG SG G
G J
fCG cdH jGh .jjdG
JdG ffEG e aJ 2010
Hh T G```TG h``H f H dG
eg I ``gh ,``jO```dG G
d dG `a``Jh ````JG `` `b ``
G OG`` aCG ``e ``cCG d ` f``fEG
HbdG dCe Jh .k aGL ShCG We
j M ,FT b ffEG A a
e S Qe
bGG e jdG M
EG ,eCG `` Gh``dGh G GQ```` G
``jQ``` EG ``bG``G ``e H `` G j
OJh IQJ dG a dGh SdGh
.i CG IQJ
jdG OQGGh dG
SCJ e dG IMdG dhO CJQG
``dh``dG f ``S``` SCG dG CG 1990
f Md M OL dHh ,I``j``G
, JG bdG , dGh dG dG
g e dH dG Ua SJ
QSO j e H dG S
eGdEG
j ``dG dG jQG
dh . hH fh SSCG dG
EG dG UE eT GSG J
jdGh h d f dCG e
dG ``` ````LGh ``jO`````bGh SdG
LdjCH SS e f eO f
.MG dG g ,I``MGh JH je
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
aG fEG SDe gG cJ t
aG
( ```HCG cGeh ,eG
J OjEG hOh , J hO j dG
H h``` ` dG ```Vh ```F``b ``a``` I``j``L
. XJh Jh aG f SDe
dG e LdG c c Zt
.IOh jOa OL A SH , G
dG cGeh eG O Gt
G IgG aG fh SG IO EG
.e G hdG
``` fEGh ``` CG SDe O G t
h e G XJ UGh edG
hCG ,jObG e d IgG aG
. jJh SG IO EG
,G jQ d M LJ Z t
c i``d G ``gC``dGh `jQ```dG IO`` EGh
O G H ,G edG SDG
.e L LM bh c
e G d dG dG V t
.aG e e id JGh
jdG M j
bGG e
e S Q e
GQYG
YGhdGh G
eCG
e G EG PdG
feEG aG e HCG e
e G EG edGh `` G dG
``e ` dG ```` ``dG `` aG`` Jh ,``` ` ` G OG`` ` aCG
d IQ e SSCG H O``L``H e
````SCG ``aG``J ``e ,``` ` JGh ``e`` ``G
eDJh OG`` aCG M dG ff dG
j H j e e d dUh
G`` ```SG ````dG `e````jh .```a`````dGh
.e d U d G MJEGh ffEG
SdGh e G ``bG``G dd Ljh
```e``Lh `` SQG`` e ````` ```dGh ``` H`` Gh
``bG``e `` G `````G ``` ``eh (``g``` eh
g ```Jh . ` f``fEG A a H U
jh .QhO H gjQ J f G
`f``G ```f`` ``e`` ```W``dG ``c``G
``e`` ``G H `` ` j ``M ,``J``e`` ` ` G
QOG e Gh
SDGh e G dG SDe d
jd Mh J IO`` EGh ,``` O``cCG
eb ```c .``` H ``j```````G ``jh``J ``` H
bH G e G H e G
``c``G ``b``e `` ``e ``g````fh ```e``` G
e jdG G Jh .e d WdG
hCG h
eT G SEG
dG UE
q dCG e
MG
q dG Y
460
OQGe
jdG ce dG jh
fS a c cCG dhdG fCG EG ,jdG
eh j j ,HdG IjG
CG ``` eE``H ```dh .``j`````dG O``` G `` eCG
LJ e G EG eb Ih G g J
dG G ``SCGQ Q SG f OG
.jdhCG Fb
Vhh
O dG SdG ``e ``Z``dG ` ` h
eLh ``SQG``e ``e dG SDG
```S``J ``e `cG```j ` d E``a ,``g```eh
LdG EG H , dGh I JdG M e dG
fG e d e SG
OLh e U Hh ,SQGG EG adG L
W G dG dG dG
OL jCG a e j ,I h aGL
Se L G Ea , dd .dGh A d LJ
aG e e
jH b d
. d H dG dGh dG eCG
dG dM
SdG aGj
OY dG
dG SDG
YdG S
QO dG HdG A d e d GQJ
```J``jh .``a``` G ```` EG ``d``dG ` `
GQ``` G ``e ``e`` ``e ` ` ``` ` dG G``g
GQeh dG dG dc H G
G ` Mh GQG`` ``dG `` ` JGh G`` `HEG
e `e````dG dG GQ``` G `f``L EG
dGh ; j G f dGh S G ILCG
OLc , dH JG J a ``
dGh ;jG ae ZdGh IH Gh
dGh dG dG a dG
d ``` ``` dGh `` H Gh
EG ``a```VE``H ``j`` Gh ````dG dG
ebE jQh dG dG dG aGJ
dG dG fG dGh aG
e c V Sh .( dG j dG
M fQ e d L dG e G g
Vh dG e H (eG dG fG
jGh AGG e d GQJ
Ff SCG jCG fQ eh ,dG
e
jLCG dG fGG SGQdG
aGJ QG e a dG dG W
bh GQb e jd e G g U
.GdG M aeh Hh
461
aG h aG :ge J-dG dM
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
462
2-4
dG
aG AdG OG EGh dG dG
g G j
W e
j e
jh ,SQGG
WG e
FdGh jdG
dG dM
fb q j
EG dG dG
QOb e OGYEG
k Ya j CG Y
463
e
dG dG dG j
L ` H G ``M``e ``` Wh
GTE J dG UGh edG SQGG
SQdG h . dGh HdG IQG h
g M S 12 EG dG dG f
eh (9-1 dG) SSCG dG M
(12-10 dG) f dG dG M
dG CGj M HOCGh dG H
OL `d``H ``bh . O`` G dG ``e
H dG dGh G Md I c
.1990 IMdG
dG g dG dG fb OM bh
dG eG dG WGG jH
dGh GQ`` `dG e GO`` HcEG ` e
jJ ```J ``` dG ``e``` dG `` g`` Gh
IQ` dG HcEG eh WGG T
h G G G ` ````SEG
`` ````LG Q`` ` ` dGh `` ` ` dG `` ` ` dG ````U
cCJh ,WdGh fE d edG ObGh
eGMG IQhVh jOdG fEG dhDe
`` Jh UCJh ,``j`` G
,JSDe ``j`` ` Jh ``` SGQ``dGh ````dG
id G dG dG g G Jh
QOb e OG E J jDhdG g EG . G
jh ,e a j CG
e ` `d h ,``W``dGh ````fE `d `` `e```T J
U aG jDhQ e e Tj
dG ` ` h dG
cCdG Mf ``e
fEG GhOCG gh , dG dGh j dGh
dG SQG dG j dG aG
edG G`` gCG EG .T d g aJ
A d ````SGh `` ` aCG `` `J ````dG d
Ea , Hh .aG EG Uh
J SGQdG G OG MG GgCG
dG dG Q
dG f SdG ``jG``H fc
dG e dG dG SdG
jCG/S ``JQ`` b H VG
/HcCG IQ`` h O dG T (1962)
fCGh .HL (1963) hCG jJ
SQh dH J SQ SDe
H HS j c e JSS
d fGb hCG QU eh ,dG
g c bh .1963 dG
J ``SQG``G ``e Oh`` O``
G dG T G fCG
jdG QSGh dG eeEG
GM dG c M ,(G
.G U H h jQO dG e b
J ``````W GO````L ``````dG ```H
,G EG d SdG dG Ua
dG ````e c `` f
AH e jG L
dH
dG G`` CG ` e dG dG
d eCG e fGh .VG
fQ e 2004 dG e %45
G c dG jh .1973 `` %90 `H
aGdGh jObG jdG eCG
g Gj a ; F J aJ J dG
,SQGG j e Z W e 1.8
``````j``dG ` W````G `````` ```e ````````jh
``jQ``````Gh h````dG dG) ````F````dGh
.(2010 dG
aG AdG OG EGh dG dG-dG dM
``WCG J Hh dG ``L``Mh
dGh dG GQ`` ``dG SG ``e
gj J SEGh dG Ff Heh
.G L Jh
O```Gh ````SCG ```Vh ``e ``Z``dG ` ` h
g CG EG dG MGe G``gCGh
,GG dGh fG dGh FG dG H Ia
dG IQ``b ` ` k S fG ``dG `` eCG
fh IOHh eT J aJ dG
``V`` ``` ` M ` j ``` S ``e G`` gh .``` d``
dG IO``Lh dG G```TD`e
ac fhe LJ c .SGQdG MGG
d J dG dG dG f
F dG dG V i`` CG be Q H
j bh ,I G ie dG b j
SSh jQGOEG G H dG
dG dH dG , a . dG
O G Z e j G jQdGh
e eCG dch . bG e M eG
M G c e gDe
U G
.eH dG e j jCG fCG
dG dH G GWCG
```dhD``` ``` ` ` SQ ``` L I`` `` ` `` `J
dG dG ``` ```dG ` ` G`` ` `TEG
:gh gJh
J dG dGh HdG IQG h SSCG dG
``` dG dG
Jh ``U``Gh e G AG```S ``f`` `dGh
H j dG eCG L dc
,eCG h QdG
dG G jQdGh dG dG IQG h G jQdGh dG dG
J
.QdGh GQdGh dG
dG ```dGh ``` dG dG IQG h : H eG dG
J dG
``` ` dG `` cG`` eh ,`` `U`` `Gh ``e``` G
.SGQdGh
dG ` ` `` D` J QGhOCG ``` G ``` dh
,(dG IQG h f GG
e dG
dG hCG (eG IQG h dG hCG
IQG h ```LQ``G ``Vh`` `dGh G d
Te GTEG d d dh ,( dG
. dG SDG
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
dG MGG
45
bQ dGh H d dG f dG OM
dG dG dG SCG ,1992 d
:7 dc
SSCG dG b e/IG d dG
jgL ``aQh dG EG Jh
gh .e dG dG e eO dG MG d
jh ```eG``dEG `Zh SQ `Z Me
U h a H UG dG a
.j G WG
dG dG Me
:g Me EG Jh
Me `` J ``gh :```S```SCG dG
a OM dG e dG eGdEGh
.GS J Jeh SOdH dG S
M Me ``gh : ```dG f dG dG
aJh GS
Je SSCG d
dG hCG dG dH ````dG Q```
.f dG dG HOCG
e dG Y
SCG h
GgCGh OGh
MGe
g CG EG dG
FG dG H Ia
dGh fG dGh
GG
Gh dG jQdGh dG
Q d Ij dG Gg jh
GQ`` `b A````V I`` ` ``` ` ` ` ` J ` `H
j d jh , dG eh GOGSGh
.ITe dG H dG
eG/dG dG
,edG jf dG IOdG M `H j
SG dG HdG
U G hCG
j dG dG SGQO H H
EG eG dG jh . dGh
SDGh ``WCG V , G``` dG
LG ` ` `dG ` H , ``gC``d``H G
464
LM g
f EG
G SG
Y GTEd
dG dG
Md G
M iDhdG
dG L
Fj H G
dG LMG
Gh gGdG
fdG dG
f dG dG dG e Uh
```SGQ``dG ```dG `` fEGh Q``c``dG ``e d
,9(1-2-4 hL) %36.95 EG 2009/2008
dG SJ VG GdG Th
c dG d ` ` CG G ``jQh``dG jQ dH J H ```aG```TEG
.GAMEGh
H j Ge GQe fCc eCG hj b
J G g e c d , aGTEG
,i CG e T H eCG M
```J``f G``eh JJGSG e d CG EG
EG L G EG VH j , h
dG GTE d c JGSG f J
L M iDhdG Md G dG
dG LMG F j H G dG
. Gh gGdG
dG d dG GTDG
SSCG dG
dG dH G O LEG j
`` MCG ``` d``Wh ` d``W ` j ` e ````S ``` f
dH e dCG 750 dG M ;j J
,2011/2010 SGQdG dG SSCG hCG
SQe dCG S
e
HdG QO```dG O`` jh .dG a
.8 T dCG 260 dGh
b dG dG CG ``bQCG g Jh
dG ```e ``aQ I ``c G```b M
G f FdG S jdG ` dH
. dG dG dG dG S d
1-2-4
hG
dG OY
G S
dG dM
MG
fEG
Q P
fEG
Q P
%0.53
%0.50
%0.56
25892
12208
13684
%75.4
%65.7
% 84.5
4,327,451
1,828,775
2,498,676
%36.95
%26.9
%46.6
580,829
206,512
374,317
f dG dG
%1.1
%1
%2
12,509
1,306
11,203
G jQdGh dG dG
%13.2
%7.5
%18
235,972
66,905
169,067
WCG VjQ
2009/2008
SSCG dG
2008/2007
eG
j d Le bQh ,dG OM :QG
465
.I dG WG d d WhG jOG
`` ```dG ` `Y ``Y````LG `` ``dG IO`` jR
gCH G G `` h ``aQ `j``W
FSh
G`` ```S``H ```U`` dG
cQe Jh ,jdG Gh ` EG
J jW dG dG G
.``SQG``G e ```eCGh A``HG d
dG dGh ```H``dG IQG h J c
``cCG Gk QhO ``SQG``G A`` ` EG
dGh HGh dGh dG
dG dG `LG``J ```dG G
J jW d h ,SQG QWEG
.SQ d eG j dG efH
hP `` e ``` ` ` d``H `` U`` N `` ` `` `gG A`` ` ` jEG
dG e aJh UG LMG
b d U G``
`a``J e d
dG `F```S``dG ` a``Jh ``SQG``G L
.dGh a d H G
b I dG OG e ZdG h
``aQ ``g ` C` J CG EG ,``` ` dG ``` ```dG
d h , dG hO dG e dG e
I S Q`` e J SCG Id
:SCG g eh . dGh HdG IQG h
dG dG e JQG QGSGt
``VGh `` CG G`` `MEG `` ``g```S ``
e ZdG
dG e ``aQ
.dhG OG
JQG e k AGdG QSCG JQG t
JJ J EG iqOCG `` dG ```e
UCGh ,dG ```SCG i``d ``j``dhCG
AdGh AGdG
Gh dG jdhCG
. dG
G jdhCG e gCG
G jQdGh dG dG
G Ce G jQdGh dG dG CGH
OG cJ Hh . dG dG
``SQG``G O`` IO`` j h ```dG dG j J
S I`` `f `f```J ``` `dG ``` e `` aQh
Q Q```` Gh dG dG `` ``e f
QGS d jSCG ahX J e
Gj ``e Q``` h ``` dG ``` ```dG
d d d ```e
G ``e
bh .(2010 ,``ZCG QH) dG dH
S d I c GOL G De dG dG T
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
dG SQGGh dG O Mf e f dG
IO``j``dG ``g CG i``j dG dh . fCG
` f``c ``` dG ``f`` ` dG ``` ```dG `d````d
CG c .i CG f dG dG GfCG M
dH k Je G H f dG dG
e cCG OcCG dG OJh ,eG
EG d c jh .dG d
WJQG
Gg a dG IO`` E LM g CG
GdG ` jJ
dGh dG
ge i LGe
dG e ,eO dG
G``J O``` jEGh ``g``j`` `Jh ``j``f`` `dG `` `M``G
EG G``g ,a dGh dG fG H
aJh G OG`` EGh gCH jdG fL
FSdGh OGGh eG e SQGG e
eG e SQGG Jh .Gh dG
W I H G jHdGh jOTQEG
f dGh SSCG dG Me dWh
``dG dGh dG ``f Q```` G
deh ``` JGQ``bh ```JGOG`````SG ``S```j
LGh dG ahXh JLMh
de j dGh jObGh
.10 edG J LM jh
``MCG ``c``f CG ``H ,O``` ` dG G`` g h
dGh HdG IQG ``d jdG fCG
dWh d e OTQEG dO d
G e gh ,jf dGh SSCG MG
IdG f I d jdG QW
Gh dG SDGh ```SQ``G `H
.i CG
dG e CGW dG dG EG
OG Ff e g f dGh SSCG dH
``e``dG e e `bCG ` dH dG
j J `````JG```SE ````e``dG `` `G J
:11 dG Gg h .SSCG dG
JQG M ``````dG `````dG ```S```dG
h G OG`` CGh SGQdG dG OG`` CG
dG AfCG L SQGG e jdG
dG d H G CGh GdH
dG jQG ``SQG``G U Hh ,jQdGh
.e e cGch jQ d J
Yh de `aG``M e ``eG``H OYG
LMG h h I dG SCG AHCG d
`a``J ` ` e ,``` ` ` ` d``H ``` ` d ` d ``` U``G
SdG e A EGh ,SQG dGh G
d dGh 3-1 dG d SGQdG
aG Gh ,SSCG dG e 6-1 d
dG G j e
k e fdG
e G dH
W QG e CG
dG d
H
dG Y O G
I f f dG
dG S
dG
466
dG dM
RHCG
dG jdG
dG LG
jQdGh dG
Y G
L eAGe
dG e e
bEG G
ddG e
dGh IgG
EG G
fL
d IOL
OQGe OLhh dG
a j
dP d
GNDe Md
H h Y
Y dG
dG UGe
fC e G
j j
MW
k f G
ddG f IOj d
jN H
U Hh e G
dG bCG e
ffEG
467
e T bh .13 aG e ha
G I c SJ G`` D`e eG
IjL eL aG H ,GdGh
O LGJ Mdh . aG e O``
e G ``` e``G `d``` `G ` ` dG
j e O`` dG e ,SCG Id
`` `gCG ```e``G dH ``f`` ` dG dG
e fQ H a dG hT fhe H
dG O Uh M ,e G eG
dG e dG GH G d dGh
dWh dW 54073 EG 2008/2007 ``
, d CG G ,dG jQG)
dG H h G De Mdh .(2009
j j fC eG dG UGe
f IO``j``d k f G JMW
e U Hh eG j H d dG
Ua EG ODJ dG ffEG dG bCG
dG e j dGh , dG S I c
%33 `H fQ e %67 e j e H
dG
14
, `H`` `G h . dG ````bC``H G`` ```dG
dH FHCG E IQG SCG J
f j dG UG eG
H FHCG b e j hCG d d d
.IOG dG dG
dG dG H dG bG eh
: dG
eG dG ge IGQ HUt
`` ``dG ``` `` ` j`` G GQ`` ` ` ` d
HSG ie Jh G f dGh
LMH JQG e ,eg
H GdG I Geh dG d I G
dG SGQdG dGh dG fG
G `` ````dG ` ``e `M `j
. dG jQ d
c H ```SGQ``dG G O```` G t
O G bh Gh G
A CG b ``e ```dD`G G dG
.jQdG g
FQ IGOCc IVG jW T t
,``` e``G `` ` ` ` dGh ``` ```dG `` ` ` ` fC
dG `` ``Jh ````b```G `` `j``W J
G SG bh , dGh jQ dG HH
c ```G d IG dSCG
h F SG T dGh G M
. hGh G
jQdGh dG dG Ua T t
dG gG h AfEG
e 27 ``e `` `j ``e da .`` `a```G
aVEH ,e G dGh dG gG
IQG `` d ```H``J d k ` ` ` gCG Gk ````e 12 EG
J J G jQdGh dG dG
.12 G Gh GQG ``dG H ``jQGOEG
G gGh cGH G O Hh
GA``` ` MEG ```M ``` d``Wh ``` d``W 25098
jQdGh dG dG jh .2008-2007
dG e jdG i dG OG EG EG G
dG d gCJh Gh
dG GQG HcEGh GQdGh IQdGh
g dG GQ`` ``dG cG dGh
CG G ,dG jQG) G
.(2009 , dG d
e ` ``` `G f `` `b ` M ` G ``eh
G EG G jQdGh dG dH G
e CG M , ```dG dH fQb e
dG d j GG jdG d dG
Hh .%1.1 h````J G `jQ```dGh
d Q``c``dG i``d dG e JJ
Gk L e G Gg CG ,%2 EG
.%1 jj H fEG H
UdG ``T ``e ````dG dG ``` jh
dH ````d `d j `` eCG ``M```G
, H dG ah j ,dG
J G ch dG dG EG H
j dG ``eCG HdG e jdG
b dG ``jOh``` G`` `f H dG dG
dG j J Q```TCG ``bh .a HSG
j dG dG CG EG (2010) h``dG
dG H Q`` b ``e G EG dG ``
J ``` dG `````G d G`` ` f ``` dG
dG d eeh ah J G
jdG HCG Jh . G d
G jQdGh dG dG LGJ dG
dG e e JL eAGe ``
dGh IgG ddG e bEG G
IOL
fL EG G
ac j OQG``e O``Lhh dG d
. d d
dG dG
eM eL I HQCG dG LJ
O``Lh ``e ,i``` dG `` G ``c``J ```U`` h
aG AdG OG EGh dG dG-dG dM
ILCG e M EG aGJ dG GG
. a dhdG aGeh
j UG dG J A H t
`` `J h ` ` j``G `` e ` J``L``` ` MG
.SGQdG A CG jQdG eG
MGG fheh dG hT
dG
WCG d WEG
Ob LJ
SOdG H iS SSCG dG Me
j ,eG d dHh .dG e
edG jf dG j `` O jEG IOdG
j c c I e G e d
EG j dG e O c M , HS H
aVEH ,e O h WdG adG e
SS V jQdG EG ,dG EG
OG`` CG dG ```LG`` ```M ``J``bCG
Vdh ```dG dG Gh G
. dG
dG `` AG``L I``j`` j b ``Jh
H ITe dH edG jf dG j
.e G dG dG SD dG
dG dG G J j dG g eh
edG jf dG Me H d dG H j
cG e dG FGdG OLh e
IQ dG eG G EG EG GQ dG AHh GQG
U SDe hCG g d d jOG
UG ```e````H ````d `d hCG `jQ``` `d
e Ff SSCG
` `dG J dG
H gQGUEG M EG SQ F h hH
O`` h .``` ```dGh ```H``dG IQG h ``e ````SQ
G eH eH dG hT
e `bCGh e `cCG `H jf dG IOT
%70
dG f J h (GS HQCG
dG d %90 h %80 EG JQG e
feG EG ``a```VE``H dG dGh
d G O J d
e j b
G M e H e M dG g
.jf dG IOdG d f
MG kaN
SSCG dG
IqY L
dd Ob
dG SD
e G dG
dG
q Y dhdG
ie
dG dG
jdG h dG
jdG CG
bCG SQGG e
HOCG fdG
bEG Y f
Y dG
GE SGQdG
q
dG e dG
f EG q d
e dG e %69
Q G dG
e d Ge e J a .SQG
Gfc SQG ``e %19 CG ``Lhh ``SQG``G
f/ jHCG G ``j e
EG hH Gfc G ``HQCG h ,2006
dGh ```H``dG IQG h `` `JG ``bh . e
SQG Z IgX e q d IOL G
b SGh e e f `d
GAG`` LEG `` `JGh JTEGh G J
EG hH d JGdG e c OGQ
J M dd HjEG QOGH Xh .g Zh
%85
EG j d dG Q G CG
bdG J EG j G e Gg dh .j J
EG dGh dG G dG
.e G d J dG bdG e %69 f
bdG Ea ,e dG Z Q H CG G EGh
H G``g ``e ` bCG j `` Q q d dG
.(2008 , dGh HdG IQG h
dG dG IQG h SS J .6
GAdG
k e k g G G jQdGh
G jQJ e cGj d G
CG c .SGQdG dG d J
V U h G jQdGh dG dG
cdG EG jh dG ```S
gh . dG G`` G cG
I``Gh ``` ```dG GQ````G ` f``L I``` a
dG I``G ``e A``L ````d ```J``` G
jT f g CG c .e dG id
dGh ``SQG``G GJdGh G
jh .eGh G jQdGh dG
e SJh `j``
dM dG
.G jQdGh dG dG
`` ` ` dG GQ`` `` ` G `` S`` ` ` f
dG dG
gG
dG dM
SGQdG d SGQdG G j
SSCG f dGh SSCG dG Me
e Gh GQ`````H ` `dG ``jh```d ``j``b
e ddGh IA````dG ``e i jh
` F`` h ``aG``` J ` ` M ``` `` ` ``dG ``` M``` dG
d edG OG J dG gG
d G``gCGh SGQdG Gh SGQdG
GQ```Gh iG e , ``M
IO``e
gG ZCG CG c . VGh H Jeh
469
CG dG gh .2008/2007
c . G i`` CG h``dG OLe g
dG ` `dG OG`` CG ``e aGJ ```fCG
H ```J ```dG edG jf dG dG
jdG EG H HOCG dG dG OG CG
( d U f dG idG SQGG e
f HOCG f dG bCG ZCG b
bQh ,dG OM dG ```bEG
(j d Le
e GO`` ``` SGQ``dG i``MEG ` ``LCG ``bh
:16e dG f d SCG
GQ`````H e dG SCJ V .1
f dG e hCG MGG SSCG
e J a ,jQdG QOdG V
g d ` `dG GQ```` G Ff
CG (`````J `` ` ` dGh ````V``j`` `d ``` dh``dG
J e dG id dG V fG S
.HdGh IAG dG JGQb
QGh dG SdG SEG .2
CG M dG f J EG dG f
HSG dG gOQG h`` dhdG
eCG dG
QG LG
d
dG fGG gcJ CG dG
jOh LdG d f dG
.jdGh dG OQGG
SGQdG d ddG a dG .3
WG f dGh SSCG dG SQGe
dG OG``G aGJ V fGh ,j G
dG OG`` CG Se ``J e ``f```eEGh
23 S
jdG SGQdG dG
e %50 e j e SQj H ,(dW
a c jJ a G dG
c H Dj dG dW 50
. G dG IOL
G`` ` ``G ``` ` ` ` dG ````S````dG .4
IOjd SG ``dG e G eG
G SH e G e d dG OQG``G
dG H G dG QOdG f
. dG dG IOL jJ S CG
H qdG S V fG .5
dG G Z f JQ c
aG AdG OG EGh dG dG-dG dM
%36.4
S Gh LCG dG GQe
GQe eG dG dG j
G`` ```SG h ``` ` ` LCG ``` ` dG ``` d``
XdG ```d``W ```eCG e ```SG`` G
LCGh UGh edG XdG Lh
j EG dG jQJ CGjh .AGdG
SSCG MG ``e HdG dG
e O`` O``Lh e e G dG ``SQG``e
b j EG dG SQJ jdG SQGG
aGJ SQGe EG aVEH ,HdG dG
fdGh fCG dG SGQd GQ a
h ,jf dG MG j EG fL EG
. G idG jf dG SQGG S
d bCG a EG UG SQGG Jh
SGQdG `MG``G L j EG
dG ``g `` `JE e d ``cCG Ua j
Jh ```SG`` G G`` ```SG ``e dh
cCG e d UdGh IaGG e G
, Hh . dG e ` bCG FG f e
IQ dGh LCG dG JhJ
Gh jdG H SG G G SG
fh jdG G GQb J f
hdG Gg jh . g SQGG jgL
eG M dGh j dG GQ dG
EG G e dG e j dH GM
SGQO I QLEG bdG SG
gH dG (eH dG b
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
Jj ``dG SG e
J
dG ``g```G J CG EG . G
M G LdG
j IQdG H
e j ``eh ````G ` H bdG ``j
gDG V Hh J jQJ W
,``` dG dH ````jQ``J `` h d
dG SG dG OG``G IQd jCGh
, Gh G e c d C j CG
Hb Z dG iG j
A dG EG G H jh S d
dG I``cG``G dSCG Jh dG EG
dH ``eCG .Q SGh G
J
jf dG SQGG UG SGQdG d
dG Ohj dG dG dG
a
dG d gOG EG jh QH
dG SDe J h .SSCG H
dG ``SQG``e ```j`` ` ` i```S ``` dG
MG ````e ` ` ```j , ` d``d .``f`` ` dG
I H JG GQ d Q aG jf dG
,``e`` ``G ``f`` `J GQ`` ` `eh , ` ` X``` dG hCG
jG gDJ dG G M GQeh
d
JJh , H dG S b
SQGG j gDeh IQ H dG f
ITe dG S EG f d jf dG
.(2010 ,hdG dGh dG jQG
,jce , LdGh gG b jh
dG M SQG G F h Vh
Od h . ``` dG ``f`` ` dGh ```S```SCG
G g d ``` ` SGQ``dG ````` G
CG ,f dGh SSCG dG Me
VjdGh ,e SEG OGGh ,HdG dG
` ` J``dG ```b ` `` `MG ``j``f`` `dG M d
gHh ,GdG ,HOCGh dG dG
OG``e CG ,b H dG G OG``G ` JCG
LG OG``Gh , dG dG dG
j EG dG JCG H ,HOCG dG
```HOCG OG d dG G``gh . ``J``dG ``b
dG OGH fQ e ,gCG ,j dGh
dG cEG f LdG j , dGh
aSGh dGh j dG GQ d
.G i dG dG d G f
, Gh G AGQCG J h
S ``dG G``` G ```G S
dG gG M ,j dG Gd OG EG
IQb
G j ,fSQj dG
dG OG`` EG
d G JQH G
H b Lj
j e h G
SQ e
ieh
G IA
dG j
eG dG
dY GQe
h LCG dG
SG G G SG
dW eCG e
Lh dG
edG dG
LCGh UGh
AGdG Y
470
dG dM
KdG kG f
SGQdG iG
G eR h
dG MORG h
SQG j
j W
aG Y ODj
a EG QOe
G EG
dG GQe
h GdG
dG Y IQ dG
e id dG
Gh edG
471
.( G 2-4 hL fG G ZCG
`FG`` `dG ````gC`H `` ``G `` h ` M``dh
CG
``M a , dG j G
J e ```SQ`` G i``d `JG``G
J h , ``SQ``G e dG
e dG
jQJ h , LG dGh OG dG
dG jQJ h , e q M
dG
jJ h , `` q ` ` ` G ``e`` ``G `` ` ` `
EG j , G dG dG
GQG cEG gQhd SQG SG
``dh M H d LGh aG
GQe O CG Mdh . c H gSQ
` `dG ` ` eh e H ```````SG
QaCG fh ``j`` Gh d SG
. ``SQ``G `f``L ``e OO``J ```V``e G ``e
G QhH J dG dG SQa
G d aOh ,e dG fC bGc
,GQOG JG IQ dG e e H
HQ e f df dG dG Jh
SG cQG G ``cq CG M
,%49.1 ,%47.4 G``L jQhV ```fCG
3-4
h``L `` ` fG (G``` dG ` ` %52.2
H FdG ``g J ``bh .( G
d cCG bh e dG GQ H SQG
aGhCG %30.4 h e aGhCG %65.2 %95.6
gG CG hj M SQG e (e f
fG e bJ SGQdH e dG
,`` CG `f``L ``eh .( `` `G 4-4 h``L
V ` d``ch ``SQ``G OG`` EG V E``a
f j G SQGh FG d SQ
H ``SQ``G ``e jdG ```dCG ``
d dG a j dG I G fCG LJ
. e H
Q`` dG Ua O``Lh ``e j `` h
dG QOe I``ah `` ```SGQ``dG dG
c SQGG dG dH aVEG
G `` ```fCG ``Zh ```S`` G ``Zh
EG OD` ` j `` ``g ` Zh ` ` G ``M``` Sh
Jh ``JG``dG dG GQ```e cG J
e ``c i`` d ``` ` ` dG ` ` ` dG ` ` IQ`` ` `dG
VdG A```S ``e ``j``jh . Gh e dG
,q U dG U Hh ,SQG fCG V
M dG GO dG fCG c h
e dG ` GO d j dG fCG
e g Zh ddG Jh SQ d
FGOCG H J fC LJ H f
jh .GQG g d edGh UG
jdG A```HCG `` ``e``G ``g ```Hh dG
h .``U``a ``e `` `j `` IO`````SG hO
IO``L O```L ``Hh dG QG`` J ``e``` G
cQG Ua J M jdG d
``G A``` HCG
```bh ``a```G
DaJ CG
j ,IQG dG hCG
dHh , d GQG SJh UdG
IOLEG
AdG e ddG IQb e j
.aG GhOCG G SG
G e e d QdG f bh
hX VJ dG dG dG H
G j , `` `G S h .G
dGh ddG a dG e j G WG
G e Gk c Gk O`` CG M I dG
bh ` `dG b ``e fj jdG WG
EG A dG j dG eCG ,jQdG QOdG
Multi-grade) IOG dG jQJ W
dG dG dG O``Lh h``H (Teaching
. dG e dG Gg
dG fCG dSCG
: e e EG q dG dG f j
j QG h Gh ,SQGG J SQe J
O dG ie jQG h feG OG EG a
. G dG MGG M EG
18
SQG dG
fC d J e e G ``g J
e ` e dG ``e H G G
jh . a jQ Gh , dG CG
e d IG HG dG CG `H
(Vha LGhh ,jT GQ G
fCG ``jCGh , fGh Q Gh ,de
Jh SGQdG IOG J b Me
dGh hCG dG GQ G
EG
jdG 100 e ``LQO 40 h CJ dGh
AGHGh .(IMGdG SGQdG IO d , dG
j CG `d`` `dG ` ` ,``HG``dG ```dG ``e
G OGe L (50) idG jdG
dG EG jh j c d SGQdG
a dGh hCG dG eCG . CG
dG h ,```dG ` ` CG dG EG dG
dG EG j CG d `d`` `dG
SSCG j CG jT , jCG dG HGdG
```dG `````Jh .``` ` Gh ``H````dGh IAG`` ``dG
GQ d dG cG ie
dG
dG jf H H G ````S```SCG
. hCG dG
edG feG
``j```G ````L``G ``e`` ``G `` g ````J
d ,```` ``dG `` `LQO ``j`` `J f
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
fGG SGQdG Ff CG bh . dG
.( G 5-4 hL fG LdG Gg
dCdG cQG J dG fCG EG
e dZ Gh G iG
dGh
h , G dG `MG``G L J
.IG h SQG H V j b Ua
je O`` Lh ` X f CG ``` G`` gh
fCG g e dEG J e Q e
G LGh GA dG CG EG , GdG
fL q J CG dG TQdGh jQhdGh
AGOCG j J I dG IdG g e
SQGh SQ d cCG Ua Jh ,G
eh .HdG AGOCG dGh Qh d
``e UdG ``g IQ``f E` a ,i`` CG Mf
dG a ch ``SQ``G d ``aG``M O``Lh
IQO d SQG g e J b jQdG
.JGQb j Jh FGOCG H
%33.3 %78 f J , ` JG
bdG h
SQG e (e f aGhCG %44.7 ,e aGhCG
dSCGh ``W ``e fj ``e C` H ```SQ``Gh
q jQJ
U c ,aG d dG ZJ
` aGhCG %46.1 ,e ` aGhCG %16.7 %62.8
UCG SQG QhO C`H SQG e (e f
CG c .aGh dH dG jhJ jf
dG GQGOEG fL e ``jQGOEG dG
G ``H``dG ``j````dG `` h IQG `` ` dGh
JQ dG dG L jQdG ``Wh
e dG M a SQG QhO j dGh
gQhO e j dG gGh QH
j ,H W gGeh a U HdG
aG AdG SQG QhO e
.( G 4-4 hL fG
AGOCG j J GQOe OcQ e ZdG h
Vh cM J (``jQGOEG hCG JGdG G
G J dG jQdG GcGh G
GQ G SCG V dG LJh
H ``f`` `dG `d`` `dG d ```U`` h ``e```dG
HdG VH SQG e O fL e Oa
Gh GcG g e Jh .QdG
J fC d dGh dG e dG bEG
dGh V d J cCG MT fMCG
Jh J fC i CG Mf eh edG
gQcSG j M d d e G
cG e j b ``dG ``eCG ,gQ SGh
FSh QHGh e G J GQ dG
.17LGeh gQcS
dG EG
fL e jQGOEG
dG GQGOEG
Yh IQGRdGh
H dG jdG
Wh G
L jQdG
dG dG
dGh Q
%78 f
h SQG e
jdG SQG
e CH HGSG
W e fj
jQ dSCGh
ddG q
aG
472
dG je fOCG
cJ dZ
dG ``a``J ``` d``Hh ,(``` a ,``c``J
J ``g`` ``H dG- dG
a aG G SH UG dG
. Oh ,LfEG
`` e`` ` ` G ` `` ` ` `dG QR ` ` ` `f
dG
dG dM
dSCG dGR e
d dG
fOCG Y q
dG je
j
aG G SG
h LfEG Y a
NO
473
J SDe ``gCG
SQG CG
a j I``` SCG Q`` WEG Q``
H ````gG E` a ,I``j`` S AdG
SSCG cQ j dG g Gh dG
. dG V
dG f dG H G G``gCG
UCG dG e O``
dGh H d
a ,````dG ```H``dG d G```J```c
hCG dG OG CG dG fG
, SEHh , ``H fEG FG
cDJ
.ffEGh e SEGh HdG dG Hh
, H G``` Gh ,``W``dG `M b ``JC`J `` ``eh
e ,e SEG eC dh ,HdG eC d AfGh
GQ Gh a dG
GdG fG
,IGhGh ,dGdGh j G j dG
H gdGh ,QdGh , UGdGh , dGh
Q G
G a ```J``Jh .`````dG
jh fEG j eT e f ``SEG
cCJh ,G``HEGh Gh dG EG jh
````fEG `` ` M G`` `MGh ``` ``dG G ``` b
JGdG
jdG e . eGch JjMh
dG j e SEGh HdGh WdG
GA``H ``a```G `` d `````dGh ,``` G ``e
.dG H gdG EG Uh j H
b e e aj dG dG CG fh
j CG SSCG d J
.(j d Le bQh , G aG
``eOE dG G LGe
bh
M ge e bh ge I
Mh LG dG geh ,fEG
IQG h CG i``j MdG H dh . dG
dG
FfEG e dGh HdG
d CGh dGh HdG a ``e ```dG
SQG b e eG I EG Oj
aG Gh FdG LGH
dG ``` ``
` ` ``e ``j``` dGh ``a`` ` ` dG
Md M , dG e e dGh
Me EG MU j g dG
LdG j EG ,i``` CG J
,jf dG MG EG SdG dG Q G
(12 ` ` ` dG `` ` M``G ```g ``j``` f h
EG SQG dG cQJ d dG j
h . J hCG eL , J e H e
hCG ,dG CG QG dG dG j
jf GQ H e , a GQ` G
h , CG q G e %80 H , dG
``j`` `J ```SQ``` `d ```M ```dG
.bdG LQdG j d d dG
``` SQ``` G ``````gCG i`` `e ``` ` ` ` dh
SQG SQ dG G dG
dG fGG SGQdG XCG ,SQGh
H
```g CG ``j`` ``dG G```d `` CG
`` CG a ,j dGh j G dSCG
cQ d I dG gCG e %87.7
jCG e %85.3 cCGh dG ddG
gCG d Q G
```XG``G CG
.( G 6-4 hL fG jCG I c
FG dG G SG V CG Z
c ``` SGQO a ; ` j`` G `L```dG G
bGh ``M ``H``dG ``j`` ` ` dGh ``` ` dG
hCG ``e dG dG dG
, ` ` G ``` dG dG ``e `d`` `dG EG
Qe ``c dG ,(j d Le ``bQh
LGh SQG jeh G a e G
10 `H ``e CG J ,(``H ``d G ```` G
, dG dG ``SQ``` `d ``e````gG
Ie dG GQb ` ` ``` ` dG ``JC` j
h ,``e`` `G HdG JG h
HSCG h SGQdG JHU
dG VhdG He JCJh ,I DG
jOdG h```dG `` G``J SCG Vh h
CJ H ,egG f e e
SSCG
jQdG jdG M
. dG IQGOEG h LGdG jdG
, ` ` G
MdG ``MCG ``bh
Od LGe (j d Le ``bQh
dG ``bGh SQJ dG SGQdG e
``cCG ``j dG ````dG CG EG
dG dG Q H , dG J f
dG GhOC` a ; dG Ff IO``L e
``` dGh ``` ` G G`` ` gCG ``` W hO ` ` J
EG Uh A d SGh aCG J
dG dSCG dG a ;aG
aG AdG OG EGh dG dG-dG dM
.SQG dG eG S f
dG Gh e G f
dG eg GQ dG J
`````cG ` ` ``` h ` ` J ``` fC ````` ```dG
f G f dG dG ``Wh GQG
fG ``e ej ``dG SG dG
O OjEG dG dG
Jh . dG
QOe e GdGh GGh GhOCG e
eGh Gh SG c aGh dG
dh ,g Zh GQGh dG TCG Zh
aSG fCG IQh dH j a g aJ
dG dG EG H , dG dG hT
cG ``` h J ```dG ` `J ``g I``` G
J Jh ,IjL GQ e dG
SG GQe jd Jh eG SGh
SG G ee aJ j a . jdGh
d dGh dG j e ILCG MCH
``eG``H G`` ` ` ` SGh ```````SG ` ` ``jQO``b
dG J j dh . Jh S G
Gfj ``e ``j`` ` f``fEG ``bG`` `` ``dG
H G ``e`` ``G `` ```dG ` ` ``jQO``b
Jh , ` F``` dG ``` dG ` H ``e ``g``` ` h
LSG d j Jh Jh h
.e I``j``G FdG U SGh ,dH
IQG h h`` ,I``aG``` G ``f``` eEG Hh
G``` Gh I`` ` `LCG ` a``J ``` ```dGh ``` H``dG
j M ,j J H e dG
SQG `` G EGh eH SQG ``jh``J
ffEG jEGh SG G eeh Gh
.(G dZ SQGG EG
Gh G G SG i``e bjh
aGJ ie :g e
dG d
ieh ffEG e h fhdEG SG G
``f`` ``dG `` g G`` ` ` ` SG ` ` `` ` ` G IQ```b
e O`` aCG ``bh . J ``VG``ZC ``g ` ```Jh
``` ``Gh G ``e %71.6 ``e `` `j
j dG Gg S
dG SGQdG
, ``` G T ```SG`` ```c ``e``H
%47 O``a CG dG ``g ``e h .``J G H CG
``ch . J ``VG``ZC eG SH e
ShQdG H j f d G SG HCG
J `````Vh `` ```dG hCG (%83.3)
fG (%78.3) jQdG QNG hCG (%89.6)
.( G 9-4 h 8-4 h 7-4 hG
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
g J ```dG ```b ` CG dG `H fG
j dG G dGh SQG dG
AdG id cJQG dh
d dG a
e `H ``bQ```G d f dG G
aGJ e ZdG
j eh SQj
dG HjEG LG dG e c O
`` G ``g c SQG G g
(WdG HdGh ,e SEG HdG c
gSCG jOe dG L dG eCG
bh aG CG h , dG JSDeh
b g dG e G EG . LG
H dhDeh G dG V Q
j HJh LCG J FQ
gGh G efG ge
G e ,aG d Oh Q J
e SEGh HdGh WdG jdGh a dG
.(j d Le bQh , G
T d MG dG
dG dG EG
g I G
dG
G h
GQ edG
h ,IjL
Y
eG SGh
jd
h
SG GQe
jdGh
edG SQG dG
jH dGh HdG IQG h SS J
f dGh SSCG dG dG M
hCG ``` ` G ` f``ch ``` SGQ``dG d `` `ah
EG d dG f J `` Hh . `j``dG
dG dW 30 e j e (STRs) G
CG EG , G dW 50 h jdG SGQdG
,jdG cG e J G SQGe
J i``eh ```jQ```dG IO``L `` D`j ``
CG , `JG bdG h .SQG e d dG
O e j b jdG dG dG
SGQO UJ , `d``dh . dG e dG
jdG I U SQGe AfEG IQh H jM
jQG G SQGe e SdG e
U dh .(2010 ,h``dG dGh dG
bGe H ``SQG``G ``e jdG Me
H dG a dG e ``` JQGh ``G ` GO
SQG ` GO ``M```G ``M````G ``e j
Me e d dG f e dH jh
Gh MdGh
c ,SQG aGG
jdG MG MG CG c .g Zh
MG jJ UG dG e e
Me U gj
adG e SQGG
HdG
MG MG
dG aG d
474
b
G gDe
dCe Gh
Y LM
GPEG UN gfG
f LdG fOQCG
AdG OGYEG
aG
dG dM
dG jQdG EG
Y j
jN
j H dG
jDhQ e
aG
475
e O``Lh EG Q```TCG dG Vh jM
EG hCG e dG e e %46 j
e SCdG MG J dG gh SOdG
IOT hO ` gD` e j ( `d`` `dG
M e %18 EG aVEG ,jf dG SQG
HdG d W edG jf dG IOdG
h``c``j AD` g dZh 2006/2005 d
V e bj IdGh jdG WG
```dGh ``````dG ``jQ``` ` G ``` ```dG IO`` L
.(2010 ,hdG
`` ``G ` `gD` `e `` `J ``` ` ` b ` ` ` Jh
UN gfG J LM dCe Gh
A````dG OG`` EG f `L```dG `` fOQCG G EG
e %40 O``Lh EG GTDG Jh .aG
Z ``f`` ` dGh ```S```SCG dG G
IQG h fb H c H e gDe
SQGe e Ljh . dGh HdG
dG Me hcjh ,(%76) jdG
k `j`` ````dG ` LG``J ```c .(%91) ```S```SCG
dG d gDe J QOc aJ Gk c
gCJ ie ad Se LM gh .dG
f Ea ,dG eG OcCG QOdG
e g jQdG g A CG e a %58
gCdG QW dGh GQcdG IOT M
.(j d Le bQh ,dG OM
V eGH dGh HdG IQG h fh
F dG dG dh eG A CG jQ d
HdG cG d f jQdG QOdG
g J SSCG MG SQe aSGh
dG dG J ` cCG jQJ
dG Meh SSCG dG Me ``e
gDe EG J eGdG g dh .f dG
Xh A JQG e G q Hc SQ
.I b GQhO fC XdG Je aQ hCG
jQdG GAdG CG iNCG Mf eh
QTCG a ,ac egG H J
d
SDe hCG e dG LJ fCG jM j J
```jQ```dG e ``e``d ```H``dG H
j QWEG Lj jCGh SGQdG ge
d ``e`` GA``` c O``` j `````G ``SQ``G
d GQG eh IOH UN aeh
G jQJh OG EH WG G H
.(2010 ,h``dG dGh dG jQG
jN `` ` j ``dG `jQ```dG CG ```c
aG jDhQ e j HdG c
e j h LGe J eGdG g C
e ddG dG EG `` ` dG CG ```h
f dG eG SH GMq U jdG SQG
HjEG Gk TDe q J UGdGh ShQdG OG E
H ``` SQ``G dj ```dG O``` G ` `
H ,``` ` ShQOh ``` FGOCG j d T
d ``j`` `Jh dH AdG
j G FG dG e CGj GA``L f dG
jdG CG EG IQ```TEG Q`` h .jQdG
jQdG eGdG H TO SQGG e
SQ d dG G fG
jQdG ``eG``H V ```S`` G G SG
.(CG2008 , dGh HdG IQG h dG
G jQ h OGYEG eGH
``` e``G ``` H``dG ``` ` c `` ` `` `J
dG ` MG`` `` ``G OG`` E``H ``` `` `G
.eG b e gCJ eGH V G
dG He
j fCG G Jh
,19eG hO gD M hCG
QU `` dG h```dG ```dG ``j`` `J EG ` H
aG AdG OG EGh dG dG-dG dM
dG UEG OL
H dGh HdG IQG h S
````G `` ` ` dG IO`` ` EG EG I`` M`` dG `` `dhO
I``j``L ``g``` e ` ` dC` J ` ` M ,````SGQ``dG
f fL e (f dGh SSCG d
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
d dG jQdG f CG M ,I``a
CG ```c , ``` `d``H j M ````a
k H jQdG ah jQJ
cJ eGdG
dG SQGG e H G GQG e
EG ``a```V``H ,``` ` U I``` d ```jQ```dG ` `e
j EG dG GQe jG V
``e`` ``G ```L``d````Jh ``` S`` Gh ```H```dGh
M j J ,hdG dGh dG jQG
.(2010 , dG Vh
G Fd ah G VhCG Mf eh
, `aG``e 51.7 %90 G`` M j ,G``` G
dG SQG CG (e f aGe 38.8 h
. HdG LG GMG LQH j j
%30.4 ,e
aGe %60 %90.4 U c
G`` MG C` `H ` ` SQ``G ``e (`` e `` ``f ` aG``e
c fJ b jCG SQ dG
dG dG QfG AH eh .VG
d LQH j G c ,dG
Fb VdG Gg G h ,G GMG e
G j G e M jdG WG H
G e c dh ALdG e GMGh
G c fJ a j G WG ``eCG . G
,SQ dG jj ``dG G``MG ie
4-4
hL fG QcdG SQGe S h
.( G
e SQG dZ e ZdG h
gCH aG Gh ,aG S j
A SG CG EG `` ` j`` G ```jQ```dG ` FG``W
e j dG g G CG c JLJ
e SQG e I c f id FT dG
dG id G e j J
cdG
%86.5 dH U bh .SGQdG d
f aGe %63.1 ,e aGe%23.4
d jh .( G 10-4 hL fG (e
jQdG j G FG dH ae CG EG
H hh SQGh SQG id
SQG N jd G e fCG EG .aG
, j Gh dG H jQdG LdGh
dG dG OL dG G jh
dG GTDG
h dG
cJ
.eSG GgCG e
e %90 f j
QG SQG
d G SGQdG
feh QhO LG H
SQG
dG LQO h
e dG
d id
(%90) SQG
d dG dG LQO
dG QN dG jQdG e J
e jCG dh ,Q``c``dG UN dG i``d
476
G SEG
jd WdG
EG dG
fG G H RG
YdG h dG
EG d
H dG
dG dM
Qe j
G MUEG
ka kegEG
dG G dH
q
ebEG Wj
aG
j f j aJ e j eGH SQGG dG A HE dG SC J
d Oh G cQG j Jh
bdG M , ` j``dG e ``e``f``H edG jf dG jN e c O e
dG e a fJ dG jdG WG
d ``j``H``J gCJh , dH dG
G aGJ C jdG SQGG e
E jdG gC d SSCG WT j
. dG dH UNh SQGG JH
EG J dG GQOG e O J `` Oh ``SQG``G dG ``` VhCG j J
cQe ``j```Jh ```d``e ``SQG``G d SG
efH e , dG VhCG gCG
SQGG efH ,SQG
F dG j dG
.IdG J O eGHh d jdG
, M e OL e j ZdG h
bGeh gJh SdG ie AGS
SdG e dG bGdG M e hCG e J
U Hh , dG NG M dG
jdG CG ,dCG e hCG dG N
cj M UEG Qe CG d .I c dG e
aJh G EG dG jEG V
J h`` e dG dG Ne
Mf e AGS dG IO``Lh f
dG dG aJ hCG G jQdG
d . HgG ``j`` Qh ``SQG``G f dGh
e Ue ``` bGh Vj ``j````dG M
G M UEG Qe CG gh , H G G
dG G d H ac egG j
CG jCJQG e G EGh .aG ebE Wj
MGe U Hh ,AdG gCJ H af
fe ``g dG ``SQG``G ` N ``eh dG
GQe M UEG J CG a ,a d
cJ G FdG d Qeh j Ge
jM J FGH GSG
fL
Ie J ``L``
f ``a``J
.aG EG ddG SSCG
dG Y dG fEG
j ``a```G ```f ``` `G EG
dG IO``L d ac OQG``e LJ
G dG UdG J SdGh
dh . dG d dG dG gCJh
J ```dG h`` dG dG CG ``
477
dG dG e jHdG e
MJ ` LCG ``e ` d h ,``` HOCGh ```f````fEGh
,IMdG dhd dG dG SGQdG G
f e j h dG dG jJ c
9
EG (``f`` 3 OG`` EG 3 -FGHG 6
CG GQOEG eh .(f J 3 SSCG J
dO Ua O```jEGh ``SQG``G AH SdG
QSO j dG dH G d
fh eGdEG
dG jQG
eG f e eGj CG e H
GS dG T a .e G dG
dG JJ IO`` E M GO```L VG
a
q ; dG SdG IQ`` `Hh dG
b ``` G```SG N QG`` `bEGh ``j`` `J
G MGe dG UEG J
dG j d WdG JGSEH GA``H
JGSEG J ,20152003 SSCG
``` dG ``f`` ``dG ``` ` ` ` dG ``j`` ` ` d ``` ` W``dG
``` ` W``dG ````````JG````SEG ,20152007
,20152005 Gh dG dG j d
dG dG d WdG JGSEGh
Jh eCG JGSEGh ,20152006
JGSEG Lh .20201998 QdG
dG ` f``G ` H G`` J
EG J
, dG SdG
``cD`J M dGh
Nh `````dGh ```S``dG ``` e Nh
IOLh f h , LG dG Ia
QOG``` `d SDG GQ`` ` dG A``` Hh , dG
dh dG eG J
edG
G H dG V J JG bdG
h JGSG g J dG
.NCG dG fMCG Oe H
``` ```dG ``j`` ` J ``` ` ` JG``` SEG `` ` `Jh
dH dG e IOj EG SSCG
WG h dG H S h ,SSCG
dG WC d %95 EG d ,jdG
HdG IQG h 2015 H 14-6 jdG
dG jdG d G fh .(2003 , dGh
WCG cEG J
eCG FM j
J 2015 `` H ``FG```HG d
,2015 H d dG N
hO V e d dG NG M
dG ad jdG QG IQOe J
jd jdG GAG```LEG ``eh . d
J JG ``` dG ``` S``` SCG dH ``` ` dG
: j e e G
aG AdG OG EGh dG dG-dG dM
JQb J e dZ d e G jdG
J ````dG ```S```dG ` H G``` dG ` `
aJh IO``G
`Hh dG eN
.Ij J FGHh GQN
G dG M ``J e ZdG h
``` F`` EG ``` LQ``G G`` ``` ` G ``e ```` `d
QhO 13 OdG f j M SdG
dG
j dG CG ,2006
dGh dG jQG dG e cCG
dG EG jQ dG Jh .(2010 ,hdG
1997 e
H IdG N d G
f f H M ,%125 H 2007 h
%19 ```e``G dGh %73 ``` dG dG
LEG e %8 dG dG f J H
H d G ``e```dG `` ```dG
,dG jQG 2008-2007 GAMEG
bh .(2009 , dG d CG G
N dG
```dG ``` fEG f OG
e %5.8 EG Ua (2007-1997) IdG
e G EG d f gh G LEG dG
J b i``NCG G H `fQ``b
M ,e G fL e c H e e
%2 h d %4 h %3.8 dG J
fEG e JG dG g eh .cd
OQGG e j C k eJ k HZ e G
e dG fEG f J H UG
dG jQG a %4 LQG jdG
.(2010 ,hdG dGh
gG j , 2-2-4 hG Vj ch
d i``` ` b ``j``dhC` c ``` ```d``H ``dh``dG
M ``` ` j , ` ``JG ``b``dG h ,``j``` ` ` dG
1-2-4
Y fEG f
Yf
dG dG
e %6 Rh
jQ G dG
dG
100
200
172
111
100
15
2007
H dG dH dG jdG
251
129
141
187
184
191
209
222
80
161
60
(jCG QG dG f
40
19
20
18
19
21
17
17
14
17
14
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
20
(CG QG dLEG dG e G
0
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
478
2-2-4
hG
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
(%)
78
79
80
80
80
82
84
85
84
82
85
17
16
16
17
17
16
13
12
14
16
14
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
81
82
83
82
83
85
88
89
88
88
89
60
60
61
61
61
62
65
66
22
22
22
22
22
22
23
24
17
16
15
16
15
14
10
10
11
11
10
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
dG f LG
f dG dG h SSG dG
G jQdG h dG dG
dG h dG dG
LG
(%) dG Y IQG dG
f dG dG h SSG dG
SSG
fdG
G jQdG h dG dG
dG h dG dG
LG
2010 ,hdG
dG dM
```fEG jO
j a ` NCG QG`` `dG
S a .````dG ``d```SCGh ` aG``gCGh
VhdH e G eG J , G
q G ``Jh ,dG IQG h e jS
fhe jCG j ,e Z j H
G dG
AH d dG d
.(2006 ,Qh G LMGh UdG
479
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
480
3-4
dG
h
Y ISCG
S h ,H dG
YLG dG
Rh H ,a
jQH d dP
hCG a G Y
CG j dG G
M SQ
, JM SQ CG j dG G hCG
ISC G OGeG ddG gh
.(j d Le bQh , G dG
SDe `` CG h QhO `` ```SGQO ``c h
CG dG ` j ``d G ``` ````L G dG
ObGh LG iG G SC G
ie
gDh HCG j CG J dG
G ad fGh j dGh dG e
j e dZh ,gGeh ISCG ce
GFS FHCG h AHG H gdGh QhdG
HJ agh jdGdG W d
G ```S C G ``e CG ,J T AHh A```H C G
G LGh ObG iG
,A``` H C G O`` I ` ` H J ``e ```d``Z ``` dG
jObG ```d hD```G
d fh
e dZ jdGdG eG Ea , LGh
J
dhDG h dGh dG
.(2005 ,dG S Ie S
dG bh ISCG
dG dM
ie j
k HjEG CG
ie Y
ISCG dG
Ua IOjRh
EG E
Y je
481
SDe I`` `` dG J
adG Jh OG`` EG hJ
e AH g j CG bG QGhOC `d
SDG ``g ``eh . VdGh
Lh ,IO````dG QhOh ```SQ``Gh I``` SCG
``` ` ` SD` Gh , ` ` ` EG ` F``` Shh ,G`` ` `bCG
.g Zh HdG
ISC G
j dG hCG SDG ISC G J
b AO``` eh Jc Sh b O```d G e
A jh .``LQ``G G EG ``d ``d G
e IG MGG
ic gCG dG
T J SM ```f C d dG
W ```SC G J ``bh .H ``e O```d G
jObG d dh (I hCG jhf d
jdG hCG dG hCG LG dG hCG
T O`` dG G`` D`G e g Zh
g Gh H e LG h dG
H ,G OG``a CGh a ``e eJ ``W h
JGQN ``j`` c H J ```fEG
. G
OS I``a dG G T ``b h
I``a ``j ``` ` ``d G ``` ` d G ``e `` ``e ````a
fc ``M ,1963 h 1962 ``J Q`` ``b ``e
dG SZ FdG dhDG ISC G
,G G`` C Gh d dGh GO``` d Gh
LG dGh G EG aVE H
eG I EG d Ojh .OdH G
J ``N O``` ` ` b G `` ` ` d G CG ````e
Oda ;dG ObH j c IdG
JSCG
k c Gk O G j
jObGh LG I``` G ``
I``` S C G Xh J h ,``g ` Z h
, a LG dG SZh ,HdG
a G
jQH d d h H
AdG OG EGh dG SDe-dG dM
F dG fL ``e
jJ
g
eGhCG WEG AdG e bj H ,SDG
JG EG AdG Lj , dd .T f hH
j IOh e e e G e j e
.SQG dG
LC gQ SG
dH G dGh ISCG
I```SC `d ``j``HCG j dG d G`` `f
`` ``WEGh S `` cCG G`` MG E` `a ,``````dG
````S J ``T`` ``dG `` h `` `eGhCG
QGSG e UNh AHCH A``HG b
dG jdG dZ IG ISCG
e O Lj M , G e c ALh
A``` HCG ``L``J S ```d `` ````dG Q```c
gGdGh ``eGhCG `` ``WEG e bj jdG
CGhCG G hCG CG Oj
dGh
.ISCG g ZhCG
``HCG ```SCG dG G``g X h
`` `fEGh Q``c``dG ` H IGh``` ` e ` dG ````T
j e UNh ,I``MG``dG I```SCG
I```SCG CG EG ,O``` `dG J hCG ``j`` G
cCG Jh QcdG fL EG J e G c
h . d jdG MGG J e IT
j Gh M dG , d e dG
cdG T J jh QcdG AHC d
NGO e c d J H dG H
G ch , ``fEG
dG e fh ISCG
, ``fEG `JG``NCG ``c`` Oj CG `` ``e
GQG`` b ` `N``J EG ` C` ` dG ``` ``b ` H
fEG IO EG Sj ,LGh hCG SGQO
dGh dG j dG a dG `
SDS dG G SCG jQcdG
.dGh dG ADg
``UG```dG ` ` d``` SCG CG `` ``e ``` d``Zh
UGdG
AdG GQb Jh HjEG
dG ``` Lh `` `` a`` dGh QG`` ` G IQGOEGh
dG dG FZ NG CGdG GMGh
j dG SCG ASG e ,dG ISC d
h . dG e d j a G``HCG
EG ;dG SCG L
dG f
ie JQGh jhdG ISCG f LdG CG
j j G WG CG h dG
EG ,``` SCG ` NGO dG ``e ``f G``MEG
ISCG ```eCGh A``HG e jdG j
,dWCG e bEGh QG G dSCG TdG
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
IdG CH O YG
IFa d d
fC SC jOe
MCG , h S
SCG
Gh dG Th dG
G
dG Gg
HCG SCG
IGhedG T
fEGh Q dG H
,IMGdG ISCG
j e UNh
hCG j G
PEG ,O dG
e G ISCG CG
fL EG R
h Q dG
e IT CG
jdG MGG
d
482
dG dM
dG
dG jSCG
b AYEG Y
edGh hdG
dG IYeh
N Lj b
FHCG Y ISCG
e OY Q EG
gG G
aGh G
dEG dG
dG e H
e Gh jdG
dG
YLG
j G dG g dZ CG j h
jJh adG Jh c SG dG
J dH gh d SSCG G
SGh dG J c S W CG
GQGh GQ dG e jCG J h , G
d H .ISCGh G gj dG dG hCG
H dG SSCG b
EG T
, ddh . ` `G hCG `bG``G `Zh Oh`` `dG
d ` F``` Sh ````d``c h`` `dG `` ``H `` ``J
e EG A dGh `f``fEG A a bGeh
``bG``Gh G``` ` dG `` ``H ` ` M ``` j ` ` ` h
dG g CG Q``e
fhdEG
dHh ,SS hCG jOh a Sj
H dGh AdGh ,G jM j
H q G Z fG CJ e UN
.eCG Ghd jCG G j c ,G
ICf aGQ dG SdG fG eh
SdG jOdG fGh I``M``dG ``dhO
Cf , dGh CG``dG jM `` O O```Lh
JLdjCH SdG GMCG e jdG
G M O``jO G aGQh jG
e cCG EG Uh M dG dGh
eh HMh gCGh SQ e 400
fhdEG ``jQ``` NEG ``bG``G `` gf
dGh G dG H CGH dGh
gOGe cCG
j dh .UN H
VdG U Q ,SdG ``G
jJh NG O fGh ,dG SdG
Se GGh G``MCG
edh
CG ``j `` dG ``j``` ` dGh ``` G Qh`` dG
` fG``G ` ` ``` c``dG `` gh ``H `` ` `` `J
A```H `` ` `` `SEGh ``j``H``dGh ``j``` ` ` dG
L k aeh k a WdG dG
.(2010 ,SdG OTQ G
`` ` `` `` `` `` `dGh ` ` ` ` ` ` dG `` `e`` ` ` ` ` ` e
dG YLG
b ``` ` ` ` dG ``` ` ` dG ``` ` ` G ```
`` ````LG `` ` ` dG ```````dG GQ````dG
d SdG `eG```dG H ```JG``dG
JGdG d Vah Gk FS c dG G
483
` EG FSh
AdG fG g j
De H j ,f dGh G
j ``dG A````dG T ` J
Wh DhdGh eGhCG
IQb cCG
.bEGh dG
.(Le bQh , G
21
dG e eh jdG dG
EG H b M , LG d
J LG dG JGe I``
I dGh jGh IOdG dG e O``
```G ``````UCGh Q``` ` dGh ` F``` ` dG ``e`` h
je I``
Ak ```H (20 GNCGh dGh
,Gh , LG UCGh dG
hCG IOdG a CG GHh ,dGh ,jdGh
JGdG S hCG JG G MG GTCG
. dG fOCG GNCG MG Hh , LG
GQ MG LG `JG``dG `d `` h
EG Lj Q MG c M ,G e Od
dG L c ,O d dh ,G
dG ``e I ``c jT J k ` `H```S
```HCG `` eh `````dGh ``` ```dG ``e G``e``M
QSG gG a ,dG I G e e
dG ``aG``G `` ``Hh ``` ```dG `` NOE` `H
a gbh , je eGh
d ``Hh .LCG dG A```HCGh e
, dG ``SQG``G L H ``e`` G
H dG SDG CJ H
Oh Odh I dG G EG aG
,dG LG dG ``e ` `dG ``e
FdG g dG LG dG Xh
jG I S `
X dG aG
QdG ``c``M f A``` CGh . W dGh
IQ``` dGh `` ` j``dG ```````G ``e ``` W``dG
HG WG j dG fCG V
GO dG e gGQ ,ddGh bdGh
G M J GMEG
jQdG
I `Jh Q``` Sh . he c ` LCG ``e
e cCG H jOGh SdG G dG
, LG fGG M dG G dG
H G ``e``` G J ``e Zda
``gO```` Gh , ` j`` G d GQ``` dG
kG J j
d CG EG j G dG
,OGaC d LG dG CG Gk c
I G g j dG dG e e Xh
M ,A d LG dG
OdH G dGh eGh ISCG H
; LG d FdG QOG e
```G ``` ` UC ``` fh``dG I`` ` ` dG CG ` ` M
ZdH J LG FGdG dh
FGdG ``g H A``` HCG ``f```e ``J ``e
G dG J e OSG dG LG
e h ,dG I``a H U G
dG dhdG jOb Ue H
G YS
dG SdG
jOdH G
Gh H G
j G e
Y IMdG H
e NG OY RhH
gGh SQGG
e OY jdG
SQG aG
dGh adG
g h
484
SJ FdG dG OJ eh
dG G dG id dG e e
LG dG QO````e Od f
IMdG b H Q J dG jdGh
d MdG QG ISCG J ,1990
CG`` W ```dG G d ``ch .dG
SdGh jObGh LG h dG
G V d aVEG ,G OGaC d
H dGh d dG f IO``j h d
``` ``` ` LG ` ` ` ` e `` e ` ` `` `` `eh
e dG f IO``j Me
jdG dG MGG dG
,dG G``` fG ``M IO`` j h Gh
, G ``e ``g `Zh I``` SCG QhO ```Zh
dG LG dG ``NO QhO
.gdG Me EG
Gh h`` ` dG J S ``bh
gG G H LG
H SZh dG AD` g e SG
aVEH ,H OJ dG g Gh dG
ILGG SdG G``MCG H EG
dG SH J CGH dG MdG
.k jF h k ja J
Jh dEG
H ````S`````dG `` G``` ` dG `` ``` S `` bh
`` G``` dGh ,``e``` Gh ```VQ```G G`` `MCG
We I QG SG dMh G
.a G G H QX
UN
``` ` ` dG ``` ` ` e``` jO E` ` `a `` `` ` jCGQ ``` c
dG G dGh dG dG LG
LJ
c H DJh CG CGW
dG dM
e e eO
j dG dG
j H
j SCG
g Gh b
AdG id IjL
Od f
dG QOe
dG YLG
H Q
,e dG G
H id SQh
q
e kGOY AdG
g Gh dG
G YLG
O Gh dH
h fh
QdGh jdG
485
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
486
4-4
dG
AdG OG EG I DG dG dG
IMdG b q e
1990 Y
Q kYf k
YLG I G
jObGh
SdGh
,dG G
kNe Nh
kGLh GjL
j d
dG dM
S e
H HjEGh
fEa , H fG
A d a CG
j GjL GH
HdG LCd
487
jOdG a j G J :f dG
dG
F dG ```H`` Gh SdG
`` ``dG `` `cQCG ``e k ` ` cQh k ` ` M ``jQ````S``dG
dG jQ d LGh SdG
Sh CG G SG hCG e G hCG DhdEG j
. G Gg SQ WGG jM bJ
d CG f dG e 5 IOG f c
,SdG dGh G``MCG jJ M
J hCG M C dG AfG M dh
```MCGh jQSdG d k W SS
WG dG d fh .f dG G``g
,IMdG dhO H dG T dG
gO H M OjO G GMCG O NCG
T k SS k Jh k ` H``M 46
SdG dG G`` dCGh jdG GQ````dG
J O Jh .(1998 ,UCG MCG
hDT J H k HM 22 EG GMCG
,1995 SdG dGh G``MCG
SdG dG SQ G d UCGh
bJ bh .f dGh QSdG Q``WEG
H fG e GQhO I`` ` G `d e
jL ``N FdG fdGh G
eh .G a QT dG G
fEa ,HdG ``g HjEGh S c
LC d j GjL GH A d aVCG
``M I``j``L ```g```e ``````S ,`` `H````dG
dG h G Gh WG dG
SdG GQdG Q Mh G dG
. Zh MdG G
TdG G GTDe
Q````L ``` S``FQ ````H ````dG j
dG `` ```H ``` j ``e ` ```SG ```e
jQG eb , `` G Hh . HS
M SSCG
IMdG EG H dG
,c Gh .QSO WG O QL
SdG j G
k `` 1990 `` I``M``dG ``` b ` q ` e
jObGh LG I G Q k f
k Ne Nh ,dG G SdGh
EG
M ,j d Gk Lh GjL
d 25 ``bQ Gh adG ``f``b
,SdG jOdG b EGh ,1990
SdG dGh GMCG fb QhUh
Gg e 3 IOG ALh .1991 d 66 bQ
AdG OG EG I DG dG dG-dG dM
hdG dG ij
GTDe CG
LG dG
GTDe N
g FQ
dAGh jdG
QG SGh
Yah ,SdG
IOSh e G
aeh f dG
H e OdG
H
IOL TDe
dG
hG
*7|dG G G|7'e dG 9K
jaCG Th ShCG dG hO
dG
dG
2009
2007
2009
2007
23.2
23.8
11.8
16.8
dAGh jdG
38.6
37.9
2.4
8.2
SdG QG SG
47.8
45.3
11.4
15.9
e G a
48.3
45.3
29.5
26.2
dG IOL
49.0
47.5
13.2
16.2
f dG IOS
49.1
48.3
15.2
25.6
OdG ae
JJ
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
488
dG dM
H dGR e
G dG
R Idh H
dG a
CGh ,HjEGh
g L e
G HdG
MU AYEG
dG d e
j
Y , WGG
, Le NEG
IGhG CGe M
edG g
SSCG G
dG I
IGhGh dGdGh
LGdGh G
WGG
feEH dh ,WGG jJ OJ
g IGh``` ` G J ``` fCG
f CG
dG I c SSCG G edG
``` LG``dGh `` ` G IGh``` ` Gh ``dG``` dGh
489
j edGh G G
dG G dG ``H`` `N``J
A`` ` E ``jG```e L ` X SdG e
``bh .``` ` ` G `` ` ``` `d ````ShCG ``` M ` ` U
e O`` FdG dG GdG `N f
AGLEG dGh WG dG fCG
GAH jG L H fG e O
dG H fGh SFdG H fG e
`` ``fG Gk ` ` `NCGh G````dG ``` ` h ``` ``G
. aG a
H ``` ``G ```d```G ``H`` ` dG ``e
,```H```jEGh dG a J I```dh
A EG G HdG g L e cCGh
``f G``G T ```U``Nh ec M U
gDG G QOG``` dG `a``Jh dG
.HbdGh dAG dG ASQEG e IQO dGh
M
CG fCG EG HdG b ``ZQh
EG d jdG G e c
AGOCG ```bG``eh ``jQ````G ``e ``j```dG
Jj
dG Gg qd .jdG JG
HdG ``g ``e G iG EG H
cGH j ``dG g b H
eh .```JGQGOE e dG Gh IG
d d HjEG QhdG , H HdG g
SdG cQG I b SJ G
UdG G e WG d MJCG M
TdG hCG G dG A CG QNG
dG g G e dh .j dG d
Oh SG ```dG SCd j
G iG GOGjEG L adG
J OjEG IQhV e ,jce dG f
GQG ``dGh aGh ``j``j``G `H a
NGh a G e `` Gh ,FdG
aEGh ,HdG bh GM J aCG dG
G G SDe cQ cCG Me
ad G dG e jb cGT AHh
. G G dG
dG G
CG `` , dG ```c`` G `` h
, G Z j dG h``dG dG j J
dG ``` `fCG CG EG Q``` TCG ``b (2007
, jaEG Th ``ShCG dG e
, dG ` ` UEG
gcJ ``e ``Z``d``H
AdG OG EG I DG dG dG-dG dM
L dG H ,G Oa d
G g J CGh , jOh Wh UCGh
G EGh .G jh e j J M
b OG``e CG dG QS d f f e
.WG d edG G G``g
``cCG
dG dH dG G cJ dh
jg dG IQda . He f G h
H G jOdG j dG CG J b
SdG ``j`` G ``e A``` ` a ` j``d CGh
jdG I````LCG ` j``dh ,``jO``` ` ` bGh
Qj dG CGh ,F dGh jdGh
dh dG dG Ja
H fG WG O H g Zh G
.j G SDG dhO f Ad dh
J a dG LG cdG d
h SDG AGOCG
c H dG
dG d jh . dc SdG G
We ZCG dGh jFdG dGh
d GA`` dG J ``b M dG
gj G H EG `H ,dh d A``dG
g FdG dG f dG C`H dG EG
M ,dG I d a XdG adG
H hG``J
j SdG dG CG
a e eh jM SS SDe
.(2009 ,hNGh LdG ,j J b
jHdG a V ,SQ d CG c
``c QhO ,`````jQ``J `` Wh ````g```eh
g jdG CG EG ;WGG b Jh SZ
GQGh dG e e e AdG cEG
e dG ``e ```dG ``g`` Gh
. FHh j J SEG jCGh
N dG j G LdG OCG bh
GAdG b
AdG Y d
H EG H ,dh d
gj G
CH dG EG
dG f dG
adG g FdG
I d a dG
dG
SdGh dG dLh dG
1-4-4 QWEG
fC ,Ie UN dG F d
SS Ib Jh I e Fb
SdG `` G ````U ``e H ``
J M , G hCG dG Lh
JH ```Vh EG ````dG dG
e ``j``` dG ````jh ````S`````dG GQG`` ` `dG
EG hCG dG EG U d NT
M , dG EG `H .d UN de
C d JCJ ,SdG c G T Z
fG j b dG SdG GdG
QT H dhdG d XdGh G
j hCG JMW G CG OG``aCG
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
dG dGK $d G$D
e ``j``` dG h``` ` j `` ` `WCGh ``` ` T WC d H Jh AfEG t
AdH G fGG ``` SGQ``dG JQhd H fG AG``LEG b M
jQdGh j dG eGdG dch fCG e jdH jh de
H e hdH Gh SQGG j Q QhOh G``MCG VhCG J e
. WCG WCG H dG fh fG
dG dG `` G EG CG``H t
H J L jh ,AdG SGhCG
Jh .2003 f/ jHG T WdG j dG jCG GJ QhO
dG ``eG``H S 24 QG``e j dG b AGQ dG A SG jh
a ,dG HdG FGdGh
.QJ dG
G ``e ``` ` ` dG `` `eCG ``` G G SDe e O Jt
gGGh GQ`` `dG dh g d WG dG gG jH ``G
` ` e ` E ` d ` ` ` dG ``U``a O`` `` ` jEGh ``` SQ``G ``` ` eh `` `` ` WCGh A``` ` ` d
.QdGh dG Tf a j dG WG dG
490
e jdG j
dG jG
SdG dG
dG d
j SCG
b e F dG
UCG bNCG
a H dSGh
Y NO iNCG
.dGh dGh dG
H Gh SdG jOdG ` EG eh
j F dG OGaCG e dG G fGh
T ```SQ`` E` a ,SdG G`` MCG
` dG ``e ``` ``` ` LGh ````S`````dG `F``` `dG
dG ``eh . dG G`` CGh g VN
G Fb dG dG QhO dL
i dG CG SQGdG H ij ah . dG
A```Hh `j````dG `` eCG `` `F`` J dG
QJ ij ,dhdG Ib WJh jM SDe
hCG VQJ d dG dG CG NG
,GVMh jQJ ,fEG H ,dhdG e O J
.(2006 ,G dG dhdG e AL
WGG Mh GAdG CG G eh
J hCG J CG dG g X
W e fG X jhG WGG EG
b J ` ` J j ``` ````LGh
g e j dG dG AdG geh
hQ``G fEG VJh H ,e fG
j ``dG f dG dG
H G HjEG dG J ``eCG i``NCG
, dGh aG b a J
UGdGh fGh dG NCHh
.NG e
dG dM
SSCG j G
CG G e
Mh GAdG
WGG
dG g
hCG CG
WGG EG
jhG
W e fG
j YLGh
491
jM ffEG dG JJ
b M ` ` ```d````M ``f````Vh OG`` ` aCG
``M ,``cQ````G ``e h ````S```SCG
SJh j H j e EG d j
e Q H f dG jh .cQG Ua
``j``Mh SdG j d ````G ```G
``WG`` ```dG d f ````dGh CG```dG
b e fG dG SdG jOdGh
f b dh ,1990 `` IMdG
jObGh ffbh SS
bh . ` d b dG T Gk FS ``c
jOdG SCG
dG jQG eb
M ``jO`````bG ```dG``` `dGh SdG
OH ``e jdG QSdG f ``e
CG
J e eG IO````a . OG``eh
dG jQ d SdG dG j
` d h ``` H`` Gh SdG ``jO````dG ` `
jh ,...k S dG hG`` J ```H
SSCG 7 IO d k W - WdG ObG
j d G g h .J e
W dh dh d AdG b dG AdG
jG e jdG jh .(2004 ,g dG
j M d SdG XdG dG
e F dG j SCG ``b ` fCG dG
a H dSGh UCG b NCG b
,j fG a eh , NO i``NCG
aG H QSG JSGh I dGh
. dG I H dh SGh
eh e HjEG QGhOCG d ``ch
.1962 IQ Ifeh , d dG hdG
dG aM , LG MdG ``eh
h d GdGh jQdG jdG
``` `G I`` h , ````dGh ,`` `````dG ```b
, ``` G ``j``dG ``e I``````G ` ` `NCGh
,AdG dG ``S``c ``` `jCG ``` fCG EG
``fGh ,``aG``Gh , ``Gh ,QC` ` dGh
CG Q`` ``e IOSG `` h ,G``dG
j dG EG H ,i``NCG GQ Gh
.(2006 ,O``` ` dG QG`` f dG ``b`` E`H
e A````dG ``e `d```dG E``a , ` ` SC ` dh
H dG dG g j dG g
. J Le dG g jh
H ``b `` `d k ` a ` N ` `fCG `` ```dG i`` jh
, dG G Ih ` `dGh dG
dG Ea , dG EG ODJ Ih dG M
T H SG a .Ih dG
dG
jdG dG S e F dG H
gQ M N e I c Gh Gj CG
,QG dG U SDeh dG ILCG
eh ````f````dG e ```e GhDh`` ` Hh
fCh .dG gQSG dG
bGe fL e eh a j
NG a ,OdG d G fh , dG
c .dG jMh ObG adG jM
EG dG WG e O dG e CG
Ja N M hCG d e dG dG
de eJ hCG NG jW AGS
Gh`` JEG ``V``ah `` `dG b hCG jH
G c F T b ( hG UCG
jdG hG AfEG hCG QSG eCG
```dG ``` ` ` ` dGh ``` F``` dG ` W``` G `` ``H
LdG O`` jOe ```VhCG e J
jJ I dG dG gh .(2008 ,hNGh
J `W```G ``g aeh jObGh
e G LQO fOCG
AdG M
AdG OG EG I DG dG dG-dG dM
2-4-4
hG
2010
54.2
54.4
jObG j G
73.7
74.4
CG SQ jM
81.6
76.1
IQdG jM
83.2
83.2
j dG j G
44.5
51.3
e G fEG M
82.3
65.1
j dG j G
45.0
45.0
QSG jM
30.0
30.0
dG j G
30.0
30.0
G M
21.0
23.0
OdG e j G
50.9
65.4
dG jM
TDG
.(7 IOG f d k ah
k LGJ 23jObG j G dO jh
d HdG dG 0.2 QG 2011 dG
H ``dhO 179 UCG e 127 J d dG
,2010 dG 179 e 121 JG fc
H ``dhO 17 ie 13 JG `` h
dG QSdG bCG .24fdG dM IaGe
```a `` G`` EG `M WG d CG
fCG j dG dSCHh d MG FSdG
HdG M Jh bGe hCG `FGQG S
,(42 IO`` `G ``` ` LGh `````dGh ``H`` ` Gh
fUh jMh SGG jM M Vh
jjH fc AGS SGG bGe j EG
g NCJ hCG jS AaEG hCG Jg hCG bH hCG
IO`dG f dG j dG `` G EG
dhdG bJG
dG bh bh .(53
dG eh QHGh GHEG jH UG
dG ,1994 d jQH bJc ,`` ` Gh
a fGL H jdG G J
e ZdG h . Gh jQdG VGZCG
g CG EG ,dG G j fb OLh
L dH d f dG jd LM
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
dG QSdG bCG
M WG d CG
a Y GYEG
FSdG
d MG
g SD hdEG bG :QG
dhdG J h ..ObG dG jM
IO``G L ..QSGh IQdG jM
jMh SdG jO d ````SCG `` ,10
O``` ` d``ch CG`` `dGh ````dGh adG
c .`` G ObG SCGh dG cQe
de dG CG QSdG e 4 IOG cDJ
Te H SQh ,gQeh dG
,``e```dG ``H`` ` ` fGh A``````SG `j``W ``
jW ITe Z j H dhGj c
h F dGh jdGh jdG dG
. G G dG jW
jObGh YLG j G
``jO``` ` ` bG ```j``` G Q``````S``dG ` ` c
``j`` Gh `` ` G ``e e ``` ``` ` LGh
WG d ````c I``` M ```` `d ````S`````dG
M Q````S``dG ``bCG ``bh .SGS ``` WG``Gh
`Mh ``U``G O`````bG `````dG ```SQ``
,G QGVEG H dG
a ,UG G fU f M
O`` jHh e h IQh d EG
j G dO j
23 jObG
dG kLG
0.2 QG
2011
HdG dG Y
dG d
e 127 d
dhO 179 UCG
G f H
179 e 121
2010 dG
492
3-4-4
2010 edG $1|dG |7'e dG 9K
dhO 110 ie Y dG
TDG
105
99
ObG SSCG
106
UdGh SDG
102
dG
94
dG eG
96
eCGh eCG
103
e G IAc
107
dG j G
79
LG G SCGQ
2011 QjCG/je 23 jQH
hG
Jd hdEG bG :QG
fG dGh jdG
dG dM
Rhj CG H
YEG gG
aGh dH
dG Oq
fGGh dG
GMCG h
TQdGh G DG
493
aGdG jdG
```JQG EG O`` ` G `````dG ````dG iOCG
e JQGh dG ISCG OGaCG Se
SCG IQb Dj jObG d EG
jhdGh dG LMG aJ
dG d fh .FHC dGh
H G e G dG
dG OGOj
e d I``jG``` G ``L````MG H
V G``g jh . ` Zh `aG``eh ``e``N
dG GQS H G dG dG
d jObG fCG IO``j h UG
dG O j CG bG eh .dG
CG ,2015 `` f e 18 f EG S 25
e V j ,26dG e %63
dG dG f LGj ``dG dG
eh .aG dG OdG Gg OG E
dG dG G edG jdG
IQb e j dG SGdG dG dG
eG aJh dG d U d dhdG
.I dGh jdG WG UNh SSCG
d ````S`` `dG ``` aG``` G ````` `d``a
dGh JG We IG fdG
M ``` `c ``e G ` ` c ``a``J AG``` ` ` dGh
Jh SSCG eG
dG
c .`` `F `dG G ``e ```f``dG jG
UN IOh``` G OQG`` G
V j
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
jdG KCG
SdGh eCG
T dG
dG dhdG
j Y N
e e dG e
IMdG dhO b
H 1990 Y
Y Y
jObG dG
YLGh
SdGh
dG a dGh
494
dG dM
dG j KDj
YLG
dG jdGh
i dG ISh
d h aG
d dGh GOdG
AH Y H
AdG T
j h d SGh
YLG GQG
G
Ig dG
,G Gh dG
WG U Hh
H ,jdG
d dGh GOdG
O dG KQGG
AHCG jh Y
G e
e bh
495
YLG jdG
jdGh LG dG jJ `` D`j
`d``ch `` `a```G i`` ` dG I`` ```Sh dG
Hh . ` ` c ````H ``` d`` ` ` dGh GO`` ` `dG
O dG j j dG dG ``g
e ```d``Z EG ```d ` ```SGh d
LGh SdG cQG e j
AH S H Dj J
GQG j Jh d SGh AdG T
. LG
``jO`````bG h`` ` `dGh `` `` `d `````fh
O`` ``jG```j ,``` SCG ``e j d Gh
gh . dG W j jdG ```WCG
OdG M SdG GAMEG Q J
dh ,27dG edG WC d dG
```WCG ```VhCG jM dhO ```SGQO
fdG MCG CG c aG e O
e `cCG CG EG J 2005 d IaGG
14
EG 6 ``e jdG dG W e
``` WCG ``e %80 ```f CGh ,`` ```j ``e``
SDe bTh I N CG hODj edG
.(2009 ,j EH , hdG SEG
Gh``dG IgX dG G Jh
H jdG WG U Hh ,G
OJ dG QGG d dGh GO```dG
.e ` bh G ``e A``` HCG ``jh``J
dG dG
Ig dG g DJh
Hj e dZ EG ,gQGSGh dG
g e h .k `` `c ```SGQ``dG `` jh
```` G ``e `` I``` ` dG E` ` a G`` ``MCG
gf dG b M e c
dG d VJ dG dG W G
OG ZHh .Ie S EG f
Gh`` dG G``g W d ``dh```G
GhdG IgX CG EG ,AHCGh LhdG U
UN c H Ie GJ G
. jdG
jObG jdG
``jO`````bG ``H``` ` U ``` ` dG ````LGh
AdG OG EG I DG dG dG-dG dM
ddG
i```dG ``j````dG ``e ``d`` ``dG J
` d``c ` ````Sh ,``` ` dG ``LG``J ``` dG
`j`` ``` j G EG ``eO`` ``dG G``` ` ` dG
``j`` `J ` ` ``` c``dGh ```` ```dG `` ` ` dG
Ge H dGh dG fGG
G dG JL
` HQh
bh .aG h bEGh
`FGhCG e d d e dG G J
2009 `` %14.6
EG d dG
NCJh jObG VhCG Qgd f
Jh . d jQ JGSEG Vh
iNCG Ie TDG Gg LGJ EG fdG
d dG e Jh .28 I NCG fhG
g H dG ObG
V hCG LQdH CJ d H fCG
Ua N
``e`` `dG O`````bG IQ``b
kjS dG d NG d adG dG
j i`` NCG ```M``f ``eh ,```M``f ``e G``g
J fCG d d dG H dG
dG Ud H G GQ```G H aGJ
MdG dG GQG Hh MG
d dG e Q`` ` J ``bh . ```dG ``
H Jh HT ` Lh G UCa
, G dG gDG Mh jG
``dG G d H I``g``X J c
``j``dGh ,G dG S j
d dG f H a ; dG d j
24-15 ``j ``` ` d G ``` ` d G ``` ` ` d G ` H
hdGh dG IQG h %52.9 (e
.(CG 2010 ,hdG
``j``dG ` ` j``G O`` ``jG``J `` bh
J `` eAG`` e `` ````H ` ` h````j
c , ```dG ```S ``L````M ``L`` ` G
HU `` ``U``G `` ` `dG `````e CG
H a d jG SG
G Y
d d e dG
FGhCG e
d dG
Y %14.6 EG
h .2009
LG EG fdG
fhG TDG Gg
INCG
dG j
Y CG
L G eAGe
d edG
S LM
dG
496
4-4-4
hG
dG dM
dhdG HL
dG j G
KCG Sb ah
QG SG Y
OL Yh dG
edG dG
G j
fCH dG
Q P
d dG
kFQ kGQhO a
e jdG S
j dG SQG
ICGG
497
2015
2008
2004
2000
1990
100
74.8
70.6
55.7
44.6
100
58.8
44.8
36.6
13.7
100
37.5
35.3
23.3
20.5
100
--
57.8
--
34.1
2010 ,j
GTDG
(%
(%
(%
(%
YLG dG fEG
,aG LCG OG`` EG j G
f j b UN f CG j
fj JG dG ,dG gh HdG AdG
hX ICWh e HdG hdG e c
O dG ``e G``j``e J LG d Jh
,gGeh ```JGQ``b A```H `` eCG `FG```dGh
H aG WG fG Jh
.Qc d G g cCG
``e ` `` `c ``` ` ` dG ``` ` ` G ``` ` ` jh
J Qc fCH HdG G
GQhO ``` ````LG ```d`` ``dGh GO``` dG ``a
AdG OG EG I DG dG dG-dG dM
5-4-4
hG
LEG
LdG
AdG
dG
% 0.3
301
300
GdG A CG
% 1.8
111
109
iQdG A CG
% 0.5
7 632
7594
38
G dG A CG
2010 ,ICG d WdG dG :QG
QhdG :UG dG ge
FdG G
I ` NCG GQ dG LGe ``HCG
``dG ``` G Qh```dG 2010-2006 dG
gCGh j CG UG dG
j
``bh . Q d SG hdG V
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
G dG d LH q jh , j
b da ` cCGh ``cCG GQhO Gh
J
```` G dG `M `` O
.SGQdG MGG NG M ee
jObG ICG``G f f Uhh
ah 2008 EG 2006 e I d %8.8 EG
d `` ` M``G ```f ``` LG``G ``j`` ``d
jObG d ddG WdG G
M , dG e dGh LGh
%15.5 h
G LEG e %24.6 ICGG
Z dG eCG .SdG dG Ib e
Z dH fMCG j e hCG SdG
bCG gh %92.7 f ICGG a ,( G
, dG fG Hh a edG H eGdG
WdG dG QLCG V fH j c
G G e O gh .(2010 ,ICG d
g G e `fCG EG , jdG J dG
gCJ fOQCG e G EG j q
dG
cQ d ,dG gh , adG L f
.OG aG H
e bCG qCG EG SdG fdG J
dH j dG dG f
CG ```c ,e M `` gh ,``` S``` SCG
EG j dG AD``g dZ
ddG jhJ jh . dG e V Qb
CG b Ge , jdG UNh ,e
a , dGh G f j
gh dWCG J hDe fCG
CG bf a .j dG EG L G eCG
J e Jh FHCG HJh LJ dj
J ``` dG I``` ` G ``d``` ` dG G``` ` S
GQe a Jh OdG T
.H gGG S hj gh dG
a Ea ,jOG de GHh
fdG
Cq G EG SdG
f e bCG
dG dG
dH j
gh ,SSCG
,e M
ADg d CG
j dG
Qb Y EG
dG e
,dG a EG
LCG eCG
,AdG e eO dG
f EG LH
L h M
a d OU
Y hCG H
LMG eC h
SSCG
498
IO G jb
j , dGh
kGQhO UG dG
j kjRGe
Mf e bG d
YdGh IO G
dG dM
feEG EG
G G QhO
e GPEG Me
Y dG aG
IOGQEG id
d SdG
e j H d
jb GfG
dG
499
H fh GO G hCG a hCG jJ e
e dZ dh .30b M e hCG
fEG dG H J ``G G
h``H ``e G ` H `` `J ``dG ``G
NCG b M e d jGe f
j bh b Gh SdG fG J
b NCGh .d dG j bh LG dG
CG SGh ,dG LdG e e
UGh e G dG e cGdH J
h .jQdGh jdG eGdG e GO
e feEGh OQG``e G ``g
e ``j``b ```H ``J``J ``` fC QG``` ` ` SG
J J hCG UG hCG e G dG
.d dG dG aq J I De SS
G SDe SEG Mf ``e ``eCG
``J T HZ a , dG ``G
H `` `J IOh`` J `` ```fCG G`` ``e
H J H ,I dG G H
a J , G U Hh , G
dG J hCG jdG A d eCG
j h .jQO dG d F Gh SQG
QOb Z dG G G CG Gg
,dGh dG j b `` D`e QhO d
fG dG IjdG QdG e O a
d ``e C```f jJ `````SD`e
jQ d fh .````jQ ``SQG``e ``` eCG
,dG d IG j dGh dGh
Z L CfCGh HT GOb Q J
hG ``e GO`` J Lf eM
,IOh``
fc EGh , dGh jdG
. G S dG jdG j je
jdG SDG e O jCG gh
GQb AH IFGQ eGH J dG
Jh ``jQGOEGh Je Gh G dG
d Ie `` h````e MG
. J M Oh
QhO J feEG CG `d e jh
dG aGJ e G EG Me G G
e jH d d SdG IOGQEG id
e CG ```c . dG j b G``` fG
O jGJh SQ d d SG e Me
jce `` Oh G G dG
HdG IQG h H CG``H ``dGh -QG`` `dG
e jdG S -2006 dG e dGh
Sh , dG j d TEG
S ```c ,``j`` `` `dG d ``jO``jQ
G G SDe
e hCG ```e``` G ` Z ``` ``G QhO EG
dG cGT V ddG dH j
F dGh LG f d k e Gk QhO d
QhO ``g ` H , ````a ``dh``dG ` H `` ` J `` dG
j M j G dhdG f FQ
.bGeh gJh SdG ```SQ
edG ``G G e O`` Q jh
H Jh e CG 7 e cCH dG
AdG OG EG I DG dG dG-dG dM
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
Hj dG j d Ie M Vh
dh .I G jdG WG dG
ILCG H dG d fG MG X
fh jce dG EG fEG N jdG
bh G d edG M dG
SDG eJ Ea , G dG IN
Z G e jHdG Zh G
.gGdG bdG
dG hdG EG
G dd
d dH
dG dG
I f j
jdG AdG e
Y G Y
IOL P
500
5-4
dG
Y dG TG
20) SQe 29
9h eM SQe
(UN SQGe
dG UdG
OY Hh .AU
dG Y
kdW 860) 1724
(dW 864h
bCG
dG Uh
SQe 20 SQe 29 dG TG
dG UdG (UN SQGe 9 h eM
860 1724 dG O
Hh .31AU
``bh . ````bCG (dW 864 h k dW
20 EG 17 e IdG GG G AG``LEG
.2010 hCG jJ/HcCG
dG SQe e FG S
SQGe f eh dG gQNG jdG
M ch .J J dG I Ge e
.SQeh Sk Qe 117 SQG
dG dM
SQG Y , G aG j J GgCG e k T
QG dG eh AG G e Y
fGG SGQdG Ff
GQG
``gh ,GQ`` ` `G ``e `` M
501
jgL ie Sb EG AG Gg j
,aG EG d d dG AdG
e GO j Ge e AGLEG N e
H G dG dGh dGh GQG
AdG eG ieh aG Gh
SQGh dG AGQCG J dch ,d
H `` ```G `````dG ``eA ` e i``e ``M
. dGh GQG cG e d
` ` ````b
h G e a
cdG
dG ,jcG dG gh , hCG dG
SQe ```f```dG ````dG `` h ,``` d`` ` dGh
;f dG ``SQG``e ` `dG AD` `g
jGh AGG
ddG dG Jh
c ``b ` ` dG h h QG`` ` dG `` ` ` eh
.dG d
ddGh d FGdG dG
hO G edG G QG``Z
e ```e``G dG `` ` fCG i`` NCG ``d`` G
FGdG dG e SG ( ```dG j dG
d
d dG
.AU UdG SQGe dG dG
SG f d ah dG S bh
dGh , dGh HdG IQG h e IG
```J`````` `Jh ``` e ` ` dG OG`` ` CG ` ` V``J
21022 h SQe 207
TGh . dG
```SGQ``dG bGh .I Jh G J
bG c ,g Z hO dG dG
dG dG W
SGQdG
``VG``ZC ` d h ,AU UdG ``SQG``e
G FGdG dG TGh .e
hG
1-5-4
Q dG H FMEG hdG
fEGh
LQO YCG
a Lj
64.49
UCG
LQO
GfG
35
QG
3.57
10.16
33
QG GfG
H G SG
fEG
Q P
LEG
fEG
Q P
9.98
10.35
27.72
27.54
27.91
2-5-4
hG
e
T D|G G4G r)kI
LQO YCG
UCG
LQO
GfG
QG
QG GfG
H G SG
GQG
fEG
Q P
LEG
fEG
Q P
fEG dd
20.24
3.35
3.71
3.43
9.37
9.91
8.83
fEG dd
25
5.11
5.14
5.04
4.79
5.14
4.41
HdG UGdG
a Lj
19.44
3.61
3.59
3.64
5.89
5.91
5.87
G M
QcdG dd
20.28
3.71
3.39
3.67
7.67
6.56
8.79
f dG G SG
,LQdG Se GE h aG GQ d
GQe fc dG ee HCG CG
.HdG UGdG
QcdG
``fEG J M f c
,HdG UGdGh e G e JQe
q J dG f dG G SG IQe
M IQ```e ``eq CG . ``fEG `` Q``c``dG a
e d . GO Q``a Lj a G
AGOCG ihjh hdG J GQG
J bh .d dG AGOCH QcdG e dG
e G eh HdG UGdG GQe
QcdG ``e ` cCG dG EG dG
bdGh HdG J dG SCG
.e
e dG ```e ``dG ``F```f `` eCG
dG
fa aG GQH j
.dG
eh e G Y dG IQe
20.24 h 0
H e dG ``LQO MhGJ
q ` G ` ` ` d``W CG ````j h ,`` `LQO
a H G SG eCG .(25) bCG
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
e G
dG
aG GQG
SSCG GQe HQCG AG Gg b
,eh ``e`` ``G `` dH J
G SGh G q Mh ,HdG UGdGh
SG MH FdG Mh .f dG
EG aVEG ,QG G```fGh H G
.hdG
``` e ` ` dG i`` `d ``M``d , `` ` ` ` ` ` Hh
GQG eG V G cQG
.1-5-4 hG e j c aG
e dG LQO CG jCG hG jh
Cc 64.5 h LQO fOCc 3.5 H MhGJ
Ggh .27.72 Q``b HM S ``LQO
GQG e dG V EG VH j
hCG dG ``gDhGOCG hj
EG aG
q
LQdG e eg ae
Xh q dG e
iG dG (100 e 50
SdG
.aG GQG e G fOCG
fG GQ``` G UJ EG dHh
FdG CG
keY k
,aG GQG
IQe U Hh
HdG UGdG
502
(12.5)
dG dM
e dG Y
ee aG
dG
UNh SQGG
QGbEGh ,jfdG
S G IOe
G
MG dG
jfdGh SSCG
g CG EG
Se e
d LQdG
7.67 gh IQG
25 e
503
f dG G SG IQe
JdG ee aGJ e ZdG
IOe QG``bEGh ,jfdG UNh SQGG
MG dG G V S G
V ```g CG EG ``j``f```dGh ````S```SCG
IQG d LQdG Se X e
d ``` ``dG ``LQ``dG 25 ``e 7.67 ``gh
dG OG``aC dG AGOCG CG CG .(IQG
G hO j QNG cQG
dW 23 M bh .LQO 5 Q j
LQdG e MCG j d ,U LQO
`` LQO ` ` CG ``b``J ` H (25) FdG
.20.2 OhM
SG G O b EG d Oj bh
dG fG j JdG ee
J d e jjh .e dG id dG
JQ , G SGM jd e f
jh . T ```S``M AG``` T J
ffE d dG e ddG G SG
,SSCG H dCGh TOQdGh dG
IG ffEG g e aGj e gh
J QcdG H U Hh ,jG
``LQ``N A`` ``d``H ``` ````LG d dG ```d
G q M IQe
ie VGh V Md ,iNCG Ie
18
M EG ,IQG d AdG eG
q ` G dW CG j h ,U
e
e J 4 M H ,(LQO 25 bCG
LQdG Se ch .(19.4 LQO
1-5-4
dG
e dG LQO
12.5
25
17.5
15
G fOCG G
10
7.5
9.37
2.5
5.89
4.79
7.67
dG IQe
eh e G
UGdG IQe
HdG
e CG dG eCG . j dG jGH
EG G Uh e dG e %2.7 a dG
H ,jgG e e cG QW
. edG jgG ie MCG j
,``` ``` dG GQ``` ` ` d ``` ` ` ` d``H `` `eCG
``` `j ```e ``dG dZ CG `M ``a
qCG CG ,jgG q S e SCG dG
HS d j GQb e jd e
e h .aG aG d
GQ```G `H ``j``g``G je Q`` `f
e ``JQ```e ```Vh CG `M `f `` HQCG
f j f dG G SGh e G
G ` M ``JQ```e ``` Vh ``e `` `aCG
jj e c a .HdG UGdGh
AH ``jG``H Me e dG ``e %50
N
JQG Jg jgG
,f dG G SGh G M JGQe
e dG e %60 f G``j e M
e jh .e jgG `` Me
jdG e dG O`` H , bdG
c jgG ```a ``` `j
e CG ,dWh dW 114 Gfa GQG
dW j H ,%6.6 f O```j
.GQ````G ` c ``HG``dG i`````G `` MGh
,aG GQG V g jh
G LGe A CG M e
j
IQG h ` H ``` ` dG ````J `` dG dG
. dGh HdG
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
G M IQe
G SG IQe
LddG
OhG G Sa , dd .dG H
j , ZCG
adG Vdh f d
gG V CG c , dG fG
d ```e ``dG H hCG ````d``H
``` SQ``G ``` ` G `` ` f Q```N ``e`` ` ` G
.jd GQG g J e j
aG GQG H hdG
d
ie edG
G j g G
EG d d
aG
e IQe d SG fQ e
q J ,Sb ```dG aG GQ``` G
a j ,FMEG ``dGO hdG CG
eG je h````dG O``Lh
c ``` e ` ` dG AGOCG CG CG ,GQ`` ` `G
LEG dH j aG GQ``` G
IQe ```VCGh . ``LQO hj q dh
AGOCG j , HdG UGdG fc
G SG IQe G M IQe
dG IQe AGOCG g CGh ,f dG
.eh e G
GQG M e dG jq gL ie
aG
%44
f CG 2-5-4 dG e M f
q G HG e dG e
cQ d j ``dG ` fOCG
dG f e cCG Gj H aG
504
dG
2-5-4
aG GQG
LddG G SG
G M
HdG UGdG
e G e
%0
%25 hO
GQG Ff AL
aCG fGLdG
Y g
aG GQG
UM gL Z
(LQdG LEG e
bCGh %25
UM jGdG
(LQdG %50 e
e bCGh %50
UM QW
(LQdG e %75
e cCG hCG %75
UM gL
(LQdG
%20
%40
%60
%80
%100
e
e G
UGdG
HdG
M
G
G SG
LddG
GQG
aG
20.4
68.3
63.9
36.9
44.3
61.5
22
32
51.9
53
17.8
7.7
3.9
10.9
2.7
0.3
0.2
0.3
(39.99)
H G SG EG dHh
e fOCG q G G H cQG dZ CG
%78.8 M M ,fGLdG GQG
.a a LQO 37.5
e A````V ``F``````dG ``fQ`` `e ````
JQe ````````dG q ` ``J q ```J ``````G
, d ` `` ` ` ``dGh G````dG ``j`` ` J
`q ` `J ````dG ``````aG``dG IQ````e ` `
Z q J q d . ```fEG Q``c``dG a
dO G hdG Jh .FMEG GO
e ```M ````fEG `d``````d ````F``````MEG
j J JQG jh . c GQG
dG id d dGh GdG
JGhH dG JQG
HjEG
fGLdG GQG
` ``````fG```L```dG GQ````````G ` ` ````T
,gj Jh G``dG a
J GQe
q
``` ` ```dGh ,`` ````` `d ``````aG``dG ```j``` Qh
GQ````G Ff ```` h . d
G M dG CG fGLdG
.aG GQG e aCG Ff
``` ``dG ```LQ```dG ` ` ` ` ``MG ,``j`` ` f
``gh ,```q ` ` ` dG ```fG``L``dG GQ```` `d
e dG LQO MhGJh .75 h 0 H hGJ
H ` W 107 Mh ,63.10 h 0 `H
O`` h````j H ````U ` ` (%6.2
.e J 7 ``a a 60
G M ``j``dG
dG dM
3-5-4
hG
505
LQO YCG
63.10
UCG
LQO
0
GfG
QG
13.68
QG GfG
H G SG
fEG
Q P
LEG
fEG
Q P
11.42
15.57
39.99
42.03
37.81
4-5-4
hG
YCG
LQO
UCG
LQO
fEG dd
25
0.89
a Lj
25
fEG dd
25
GfG
QG
H G SG
GQG
fEG
Q P
LEG
fEG
Q P
3.27
2.91
3.63
20.42
20.60
20.22
GdG j J
1.39
3.22
3.45
18.58
18.56
18.6
dG aGO
3.62
3.79
3.39
4.48
4.89
4.07
d dG
HM
Se
dG f ``e
%58.5 M M ,IQG g ``
LQO 18.58
HG e dG e
QG G````fG b q ``Jh .``a a
M dG ``LQ``dG Q`` `J
.e dG
dG f dG ``g`` G ``Hh
Vh EG J dG QNG G a
Jh ````JG c S Jh ````dG
e f g CG CG , dG ``
e I c f SQ dG
hGJ JGdG J GSGh JLJ
GQ GHSG %76 EG %86 H
c M EG J h e J
.G dG d
e dG ```LQO ````JQG ````````j ``b
eGH d aGdG j Q IQe
````G dG ``g``a``d``c ``j````SCG
dG C G fh .jdGdG Jh
g Ea ,fdG ddG dG e g
jfdG MG ````N G ```c aJ
d Je ````e
d
dG ````e````H ``````dG ``e ` ` dG
` fOCG `` G db e e aQ
```` `NGO ` ``e ` ` ```````` `d hCG (%70
GQ```` ` a , ` d``d .````SGQ`` ` d ````LQ``Nh
c H ``gO`` T d G
.edG jfdG IOT dG e
d dG IQe
j h ,U
dW 287 M
.MGh dW iS (25) i dG LQdG
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
QG GfG
h dG dEG J e H ,JGQ Hh
ad ``````J ````dG a dG ```` ``````LG
fT A ``` EGh Q``c``dG i``d G``dG b
SCG e dG j c G
dG SH CG
j Ggh .dG
J b dG G G J
.aG WG fG eCG
gj h GdG ae IQe
,d IQG ``g e dG AGOCG ``c
dW 35 i dG LQdG
M M
e 20.42 H G SG ch ,(%1.9)
SG
e CG LQO 8 Q j e CG 25
q
JQG q j Ggh .(25 e 12.5 dG
e dG dZ i``d G``dG j J ie
G ` ` ``` JQ``b ``M ``e `H``````G
c eG h ,JaJ Ff
``` SGQ``dG ```` `d ``jQh``` ` dG GQ`` ` `dG
e MQG d gOGSG fL EG
c .M UE H U H ``j``NG
`gC`` `d `` ``dG ``` ` gC ` ` dG ``j`` `J ``c
j d HjEG GTDe gh ,d d
b JQG cDJh d dG GJ d
.JGQ H AdG h dGh dG
dG j
GQG
qSH CG EG
G
G
3-5-4
dG
dG LQO
20
25 e
Oj b
dG IQe
EG d
ISCG
eGH h
dG OTQEG
Gh
17.5
20.42
18.58
15
12.5
G fOCG G
10
7.5
5
2.5
4.48
GdG ae IQe
gj Jh
aGdG j Q IQe
d
fGLdG GQ d hdG
dG dM
a %9.9
edG e
HG
q G
GQG e fOCG
dG fGLdG
Nd j
aG
507
GQG M e dG jq gL ie
fGLdG
fGLdG GQG e dG AGOCG c
```a```G GQ``` ``H ``fQ`` `e `` `aCG
` ` dG ``` ` ` ZCG ` `f`` c ` ` M ,`` ` ``q` ` eh
QW CG , `d```dG iG ```d`` `dGh
%9.9 CG Mdh .e dG GQG cG
q G HG e dG e a
j ``dG fGLdG GQ```G e ` fOCG
e NG dG h .aG Nd
dG f %2.8 i``NCG bCG dG
.jgG
d dG IQe
4.48
hj a H G SG ``eCG
``q`S```G ``e ` `bCG `` `LQO 8 CG 25 ``e
q ``j G``gh ,(25 ``e 12.5 dG
id d dG
IQ dG V
. HG e dG
id j CG GdG j J e eh
dM
EG j ```W ` gG``G
` ` a ` ` dG `q ` `` bh . `` ````eh
fGh Ih dH G GgCG e L
hj ```eCG CG EG .``g ` Zh ``` ````LG
GMq U j d edG dG e be
c .jdGh d Sj e hj fCH
jd GgCG CG c V b LJ
EG j ,H aGgCG O
fCG hCG
dG GQe J J O``Lh
H ```SCG H fL e d
```F```HC d SG i`` NCG ``` SCG ``
. G JGQN j
g d dG IQe V EG
G O``` TQEG eGH d VGh f
`` `M``G ``` j``N I`` ``` ` ```` ```dGh
deh JGQb a jfdG dG
hCG ``` SGQ``dG ``gQ````e Q``` ` NG ``` d``Hh
eh SSCG MG `` EG H G
jHCG Ea , d EG aVEGh .jfdG
.`` gOhC Q````G G``g GO``` j ``e dZ
bh QNG jM O``Lh `` CG c
,SQGJh GQG j d dG
4-5-4
dG
fGLdG GQG
d
dG
d aGdG j Q
gj J h GdG ae
%0
%25 hO
UM gL Z
(LQdG LEG e
bCGh %25
UM jGdG
(LQdG %50 e
e bCGh %50
UM QW
(LQdG e %75
e cCG hCG %75
UM gL
(LQdG
%50
%100
GdG ae
gj h
aGdG jYQ
d
dG
d
GQG
fGLdG
0.9
76
9.9
1.8
3.6
19.4
11.6
23.8
47.4
4.5
75.7
73.5
48
0.1
2.8
YLG GQG
dG fGLdG GQ d dH M f
, d dG IQ``` e ASH , ` `fq CG
HGdGh ddG jG e dG dZ MG
H bdG e jh .jgG q S e
a j jdG e dG O``
a e J 3 Gfa GQG c jgG
c HGdG iG MGh dW j H
.MGh G GQG
Q G jd AdG CG EG f CG h
O dh ,L H `JGQ``bh JGd Jh
c Z ISCGh SQc dG SDe
ZdG h .H e GQG g ed
J gCH dG G GgCG QGbEG e
g j dG bGdG CG EG fGG g
. VGh H dG fL GgCG
edG iHCG
kGL kGj
,fGLdG Q
SDe YO d
SQ dG
ISCGh
g ed
.H e GQG
e dG Yh
G GgCG QGbEG
gCH dG
fG G g
bGdG CG EG
j dG
GgCG g
dG fL
. Gh H
5-5-4
hG
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
LQO YCG
71.10
UCG
LQO
0
GfG
QG
19.93
QG GfG
H G SG
fEG
Q P
LEG
fEG
Q P
17.49
17.49
37.54
41.18
34.05
508
6-5-4
hG
YCG
LQO
UCG
LQO
fEG dd
25
fEG dd
24.12
25
QcdG dd
dG dM
dG
dG YLEG
UGdG Y kGOb
UN ,jNCG e
fEd dH
Mf
Q dG Y fEG
UGdG Qe
dGh jNG e
Y ,Y G
QG IQe Y
edG I G
a q dG
fEG Y Q dG
509
GfG
QG
QG GfG
H G SG
fEG
Q P
LEG
fEG
Q P
5.94
5.35
6.47
15.86
16.51
15.12
jNG e UGdG
7.68
6.94
8.03
13.05
14.65
11.5
G dG
6.73
6.5
6.92
14.33
13.69
15.08
edG I G cQG
M aG G e c HdG
QdG J ```jh S ``cCG C``T j
``G ``e `` `aCG G`` `MGh ````dG CG
````gG ``` H I`` FG`` dG ````Jh .QG`` ` Gh
T dG J GQe J M ,SQG
V H ac egG QG G dSCGh
. dG ach SQG G
Y G dG IQe
U
G M dW 289 qCG M f
```bCG `q ` G ` ` ``MCG j ```d
H G SG b `f``ch .25 ``gh
QGbE G fOCG G e CG 13.05
``LQO
G ``gh IQ``` G ``eG
dG AGOCG E` a ,```g ``e .25 ``e 12.5
j QNG cQG dG OG``aC
dG IQe AGOCG qCG CG , G OhM
.e Se
jd G
q
`jQ```dG ``jOh`` ``e ``Z``dG ` ` h
,SQG G dG GQe
dG ````gCG ``a```dG G`` N CG EG
h ```XCG dG ``e`` `eh G
iMEH d f CG h .IQG H
``dG `````dG d I``` ` G `````dG
HjEG G e jdH j G e
G`` ` `TGh `` j`` NG I`` ``` ` e ````e
CGh SG CG e W L CG
H ``` J ``` dG ` `G ` ` h QG`` ` `dGh
UCG G G``J ``e A```c L
j G`` dh ,``` ` G hCG ` j``dG AG``` S
HcG ```dG GQ``` G ```H A````dG
.ShQe H dh j
GQG e ` fOCG q d d dG
eG
%60 CG f , dd Jh . LG
a ` fOCG q ` G G q M b cQG e
. d VGh J e ,a
JQe QcdG
fEG J M f
, G dGh jNG e UGdG
dG edG I G cQG IQe
dG jh . ``fEG QcdG a q J
GQ``` G ``` ``e``` ` `cCG ````q `jh ,GO
dLEG bJ iNCG Iq e cq Dj e gh , c
.d d
5-5-4
dG
25 e
dG LQO
20
15.86
17.5
14.33
13.05
15
12.5
G fOCG G
10
7.5
5
2.5
0
e UGdG IQe
jNBG
G dG IQe
GQG M e dG jq gL ie
YLG
````d``Z qCG ` ` ` G ``F``` f ` M ` j
HGdGh ddG jG q j e dG
e %20 ``HG``b CGh ,``j``g``G q S ``e
GQ```e ``` ` HG ```e ``dG
q dG hq CG j ,ac LG
, H G h .aG EG d d
i``NCG bCG dG ``e ``NG `` `dG
jgG e dG f (%17.2)
. dd
,IQe q c dG dG
cdHh
HG ```e ``dG ``e %30 CG f
OLh e ,jgG ie G H bCG
.iNCG EG IQe e e dG f hJ
h jNG e UGdG IQe g CG
jh .(edG I G cQG IQe
jdG e dG O H bdG e
GQG c jgG a j
H e (%5.3) dW 91 Gfa , LG
.e jgL Z e J 8
jG AGQ```H ```G ``F```f ` fQ``bh
dG T dG TQdG AG``Gh
UG FdG HCG j e h .AU
.GQ dGh GQH
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
I G cQG IQe
edG
edG I G QG IQe
J fCG IQG g gCG J
``` ` ` SD` G ` `d ` ` ` J `` ``e``g GA`` `L
gOL `N e Gh jHdG
Vh ,IQG g S dh .AdG OG EG
AdG cQe i``e S d SCG I``
G H fGh dG fCG
.SQG QN G fCGh
U
(%3.9) dW 49 M bh
FdG ``LQ``dG ```d``W 128 ` `M H
HjEG TDe G``gh .(%10.1) 25 ``gh
G``L TdG e dG O`` CG
`a ```dG O`` h````j ``e```dG I``` G
H G SG b fch .e d
ba a SG Gg Hh ,25 e 14.33
q j ,e dG e %50.4
OLh
I G cQG IQe e e `q `M
O``Lh ``e , HG f i``d edG
.Qcd dd Qa
f h
IQe e j g G
iNCG EG YLG
6-5-4 dG
%50
e UGdG
jNG
Y G dG
QG
edG I G
GQG
YLG
8.2
23.5
13.4
19.7
12.9
12.8
36.2
20.2
44.4
33.3
20.2
42.9
34.5
30.4
30.2
17.2
%25 hO
GQe f
dG dG
eh YGHEGh
h e G
GQG RHCG e
OGYE H G
AdG
Lh e aG
jG f
%100
UM gL Z
(LQdG LEG e
bCGh %25
UM jGdG
(LQdG %50 e
e bCGh %50
UM QW
(LQdG e %75
e cCG hCG %75
UM gL
(LQdG
M dG TQh QG AGQG
EG d d H G GQG
aG
dG
I H IaGe GQe
Q
aGO
dG
GOG
CdG
d
G
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
Mh
G
d G
Gd
G a
HG
G
dG
QG
dG
/
dG
i
dG dM
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
511
8-5-4
dG
dG/
dG
G
d HG
c
G dG dG
Mh GQ
QG dG
F
GOG
dG
G
d G
W
h d
Gd G
G a
e
b
CdG V h
h
d d G
d G G
J
a G O
dG j Q
e
e
d G
GQ
hCG I JG
a
dG
dG
dG dG SG H
hG``J M dM AdG AGQBG A SG
CG `` ,5 h 1 ` `H IO`` ` `U`` G ```LQ```dG
MhGJ cQG e d dG LQdG
fOCG G
M bh ,4.65 h 2.22 H
LQO e dG bH S
q H MGh dW
Ggh .(5 e 3 dG SG h``
q ``j
e dG e MdG ZCG CG
.ShQG dG c eG GhXCG
aG dG
aG dG Sb
AG Gg cQ
jdGh ,aGh dG gCG M QhJ dG
, dG HU LGeh ,jOdG GQOGh
. dG ````SEG j Jh , ````dGh dGh
,5 h 1.84 ` H ```e ``dG ```LQO ``MhG``Jh
``j ,4.05 H G SG Hh
e dG ZCG id aG d b Q M
. H GMq U q b fG
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
QG LCG
Y dG TQh
GQG CG CG
dG AdG id
dG g
dG dH
,GHEGh ,bdG
dGh
HLEG Y
kGQM edG
aG d kjb
jd
512
7-5-4
hG
dG r)kI
(5 (G 1 e dG /4dG vKG-
H FMEG hdG
fEGh Q dG
YCG
LQO
UCG
LQO
GfG
QG
QG GfG
fEG
Q P
H G SG
LEG
fEG
Q P
3.94
3.97
3.9
dG r)kI
fEG dd
4.65
2.22
0.27
0.26
0.28
e dG r)kI
a Lj
1.84
0.39
0.87
0.39
4.05
4.06
4.04
aG dG
fEG dd
2.74
0.35
0.36
0.37
4.03
4.10
3.96
fGLdG dG
4.72
1.67
0.36
0.32
0.35
3.75
3.74
3.76
LG dG
2.47
0.39
0.26
0.39
3.93
3.85
fdG dG
a Lj
fEG dd
Ff aG
YLG dG
GQG Ff e
eh ,YLG
Y G dG
e LG dG Ff aGJh
dG eh LG GQG Ff
b `` ` ```d ` `````jh .`` ````G
,``j``NBG I`` ``````eh G `````dG
G OG``aCG dZ
EG aVEG
jNBG e edG Mh WdH
SG QU i``MEG J ``dG
j M G LG
YLG dG
q j e e dG LQO MhGJ
4.72 h 1.67
` H ```` ``````LG ```` `d``H
q j e gh ,3.75 HM S
ZCG id LG d b Q M
S
q q b bCG c EGh e dG
.aG dG
9-5-4
dG
4.05
4.03
dG LQO
3.5
5 e
dG dM
2.5
3.75
3.93
G fOCG G
2
1.5
1
aG dG
513
fGLdG dG
LG dG
fdG dG
dG M e dG jq gL ie
dG LQdG q e ,q d dH
ZCG J e e dG
M ,jgG q S e CG jG
e %44 h ``j``g``G Q``W e %55.7
.jgG
q
,(h``g``G dG ` ` CG EG dH
ie jgL `cCG e dG CG M f
dG ` d j ,```fG``L``dGh aG dG
, Hh . LG dG G NCGh fdG
GQG ie e aCG VdG j
ASH , HG e dG CG Q H
e ` fOCG q `` G ,G``L I U bCG
G OGaCG HCG e dG
. J hHh L EG L MGh
fGLdG dG
ZCG id fGLdG d Q M H
`MhG``J ``M ,````J``e ``LQ``Hh ```e ``dG
S ,5 h 2.74 H g e dG ``LQO
J gGG Me a .4.03 Qb HM
dh , gGG i``d c H dG
G jJ FL j ``e G``g
. dG g M
fdG dG
dG h```J ,i```NCG dG ``e g c
EGh ```e ``dG i``d I`` ` H I``` V``M ```f```dG
aG dG e ,f , q `bCG LQH fc
` bCG ` ```G ` ` fOCG q ` ``a .``` ``` ` LGh
e %96 CG c ,(3) dG SG e
hCG h``` ` J ```LQO ` ` G`` ```M ```e ``dG
Q G H hf CG h .3.93 J
CG EG A``` ` dG i``d ```f```dG d `` ` dG
fdG gGh fEG M ge
EG aVEG , dG G ` OCG b
10-5-4 dG
fdG
LG
fGLdG
aG
dG
dG
dG
dG
dG
%0
%25 hO
UM gL Z
(LQdG LEG e
bCGh %25
UM jGdG
(LQdG %50 e
e bCGh %50
UM QW
(LQdG e %75
e cCG hCG %75
UM gL
(LQdG
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
%50
%100
dG
aG
dG
fGLdG
dG
YLG
dG
fdG
dG
0.1
0.1
1.3
0.8
3.1
1.7
0.3
42
45.3
74.5
55.8
55.7
56.6
53.9
22.3
42.5
44
fEG CG
Q dG Y bq
dG ie
,fdGh fGLdG
hdG H H
ie dGdG
aG dG
YLG
CG MG e
CG edG
ie j gL
aG dG
j ,fGLdGh
fdG dG dP
dG GNCGh
YLG
514
dG M dG TQh QG AGQG
aG d d H G
Ff A
RH SGQdG
j e EG L G
Yd fG e
fGLh GQG
dG
jgG AH QW eq EG j dG dG
AdG jgL Ea , h . a Z H hCG
.GQG e H aCG dH j e
G ``j``` CG i``NCG I``e ``cD`j G``gh
GQG e LGe EG LH dG
GQG d fGh bdG e AH
G``gCG CGh UN , dG fGLh
,AdG OG`` EG GQG gCG A H J
.G H Lj dG eCG
11-5-4
dG
aG dd jQhV b
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
aG M
WGh
dG
AfG
QdG dG d SG
h dGh
dG
AfH
12-5-4
dG
G dG d G
dG
j VG
J dG
h eG
dG LG dG
j j VGd
NB H G
G
e
d
G e G
d
e
H
dG G h G h
Q
d
Gh
h
W G
dG hQ
dGh
h
dG dG
d
F
dG d S
G
h
W G
e G dG QG
d G
I Jh N SG
G BG
cQ GM
G
G IO
GQG
dG dM
AdG j gL EG
dH j e
H aCG
GQG g
G hQ
GHGh
515
dG dG
G``MCG A SG d dG SG T
SQG hCG G AGS dG dG
LG I```SCG ```VhCG e ,G hCG
dGh ```d```G ``g``a``dG i`` eh dG
eG ie g CJh ISC d HdG
hJ ,SQG fL h . dGh GQG
ieh SQG dG gadG j b
eeh e e dG dG aGJ
EG aVEG ,g Zh U fCGh
dGh a d Oh G dG CJ
.A d
dH G j dG e O L bh
J h ,G G e O`` dG
` cCG `eG```dG A S QG``` fG
H G dGh GQ```G cG G ` C`J
Fb j e h .aG EG d d
dG J `` f dG G H
: d dG SG
AH dG
ISCG cJ C d dG iG C d dG iG dG SGQH ISCG gG ISCG jOG gadG ie G dG gadG ie G dH dG gadG ie SQG dG gadG ie ISCG HdG dG 2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
CG SGQdG H
AdG
jd dG
e H YCG
jG
dd Gh
fG KCG
IQK h eYEG
b e G
Y GH AdG
j dG SDG
516
dG dM
,ISCG dGR e
aGe e a
,jeh jOe
kFQ kGQhO
AdG eG
dGh GQG
H G
aG
517
c aG GQ d da
( G 16-4 h``L `` `fG QG``` fG
GO G CJ DJ G e N OLh
. c eG
gadG g G CJ cCG UdG fch
e O``Lh Gh G dG
G`` ` `TGh ` `f`` fEGh ``` S``Mh ```d```e
iG j ,``LG``eh U hCG `
C ` d ```` ```dG i``` ` ` Gh C ` `d ```` ```dG
gadG eCG .FHCG SGQH ISCG gGh
jdh ee e SQG dG
FShh
eh eh S G eeh
j ``bh . H ` bCG g CJ a dG
SQG dG dG Vh CH Gg
g
cCG Jh
EG LH
hCG f j dG CG hCG ,BG VdG
. G dH e IOSG e q
SQGG dZ CG Q H NCf CG jh
aCG IQH I UdG jfdG
hCG i`` NCG ` MG``G ``SQG``e ``e ``g `Z ``e
.jQCG SQGe
a fGLdG GQG EG dH eCG
GO G CJ DJ G e HQCG dG M
ISCG HdG dG ch .c eG
GQG eG G CJ `cCG edG g
j ,fGLdG GQG cG aG
EG j SQG dG gadG
ISCG UGJ gCG Gh ISCG QhO gCG
CG ,fGLdG GQ```G d SQGh
.Oe H W c j
J ``` ````LEG GQ````G ```M``f ``eh
GO G ` C`J G`` D` j G j e O``Lh
dG ```gh LG GQ``` G ``eG
dG ``g``a``dGh I`` ` `SCG ``H``dG
``H``dG I``` SCG `L``J CG CG ,``` SQ``G
e j QG`` Gh T dG J ``gQhOh
FHC QhdGh UGdG GQe cG
gadGh dG QOe aGJ EG aVEH
SM e gh ,SQG dG
H a LG GQG cG
.iNCG GQG dc
` ` ` dG I`` D` `G G ` ` ` G ` ` ` ` NGh
`` ` CG `` ```dG ``` XCG ` ` M ,``` a``` G
ch .c eG GO G CJ DJ G e
G CJ eGdG cCG ISC d HdG dG
dG adG j ,aG dG
dG dG edG AGQG
Ff Y
Q SGQdG
edG d
bY
SQGh SQH
8-5-4
hG
e aGhCG
aGhCG
EG aGhCG
e q M
1.3
7.4
67.7
23.7
3.9
8.9
37.8
49.4
a q dGh dG W ZQ SQG q J -
3.1
7.4
31.2
58.3
1.7
2.2
21
75.1
1.2
19.6
78.2
4.1
35.9
53
aGhCG
( Oe GMG JJSCG e W b
SQG J e /F e e q W b
d
q -O
-
Gq L GOG EG d SQG qJ -h
9-5-4
hG
0 {ekdG $G4%G
EG aGhCG
e q M
aGhCG
aGhCG
e
33.9
20.3
20
25.8
31.7
18.4
19.6
30.3
e dG d G dG SQG aq J -
40.8
22.3
14.6
22.3
42.9
26.3
13.2
17.6
FQ dG HhCG V q U M SQG q J -O
49.1
29.1
11
10.8
50.9
24.9
10.8
13.4
42.7
23.1
14.7
19.5
36.9
27.5
16.9
18.7
aGhCG
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
I
LG ce q M
q dG J e q M
e dG I LG Te SQG Lj -h
518
Y SQG iHCG
q j q Y g Q
d YO e d
g h Qe
G Ff CG
f fG
QH G
SdG
dG
HLEG
%13
ZdG
cQG
SdG
HLEG
%12
G e d
SS a
%35
dG dM
%38
d Lj
a G e
S S
d d
ZQ
cQG
SdG
%53
%49
519
10-5-4
hG
ee jM
jM
Se jM
I jM
1.7
3.2
33.9
61.1
dG GQG -CG
2.2
7.1
41.5
49.2
dG GQG -
2.6
32.1
57.3
jdG GQG -
d MG j d dH ``eCG
,HjEG `bCG fa SQG `NGO Gh
e ``j``M jd CG %55.3 ` ` VhCG M
jM A``L H , dG GQ``` G
GQG H I NCG JG G GQG
f MU M dG GQGh jdG
GQG e jM d CG a %26.2
.( G 14-4 hL fG G
SQG CG , `` Hh
dG dG H e H GHLCG b (%66.7)
fG CG``dG d jM g CG ij
.( G 15-4 hL
`` h SdGh H G FG ``V``G
J dG eG H ,``SQG``G J
```J```L``J ` `` ` `` ``dG GO`` ` G ``` ` a
. c H H Gh SdG
``aG``J i`` `e `` ``` e ` ` dG ` ` ` S ` ` Mh
c HjEG `cCG ``gDhGQCG fc d j G
.10-5-4 hG j
jdGh dG GQG M a
GQ``` G ``e ``cCG f ` ` dG i``d
q j HjEG TDe gh , dG
OLh
hCG SQG fL ``e A d Q``` LEG LJ
. e hCG SS G d G
11-5-4
hG
EG aGhCG
e q M
aGhCG
aGhCG
e
49.2
33.5
9.1
4.1
4.1
34
31.3
18.9
10.5
5.3
39.3
37.2
12.9
4.6
36.1
31.5
15.9
7.9
8.6
NEG b G c dG j , q c G IOLG fG dG H -O
dG G H
42
28.1
16
8.6
5.3
e hCG dG U fc e SQG f dG J hJ Lj -
33.1
22.3
20.2
16.1
8.3
e hCG dG U fc e G f dG J hJ Lj -h
51.3
20.5
14.3
10
3.9
qdG aCG Ua jd G e-
31.5
20.8
20.1
18.4
9.2
32
34.8
13.7
5.6
13.9
31.2
28.2
13.6
12
15
aGhCG
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
YCG
q dG AGQBG
j dh q VG
j dG A JQG -
520
QG G
Y dG TQh
dh CG
H j aG
dG dG a
ie d h
h I G
j G
dG M dG TQh QG AGQG
aG H G dG
ff dG dG M edG AGQG
YLGh
jG aGJ i dG J XCG
` NGO ``` ````LGh ```f``f`` `dG ` HG``` ` dGh
M ,e f HjEG AGQCG LQNh SQG
EG aGhCG H J HSG dZ fc
. e aGhCGh e M
fGb OLH e dG CG M f
``e ` `bCG `````G ` `NGO ``eQ``` U
b `` `Hh .````SQ``G ` ` NGO `` gO`` Lh
Ua
H IO``G ``aG``J ```JQG
G HQ e dG CG jh , aCG J
J ```dG ``U``G dG ``SQG``e ` H
dH SGQ d MJEG ieh FW GeCG
Q d HG Ua aGJ hCG ,LCG
. SGdG hCG IOG jd
j c , dG iHCG iNCG Mf e
``LQO ,13-5-4 h 12-5-4 ``dh``G ``e
e UG `` EG FSh dG ``e
.e Gh
MCG C`H `` CG f fCG EG
f T bG EG SG dG
UN , G
EG FSd H
G``` bh ```F``` `` `d ```dG Q``` ` ` fG ``e
e G ` ` c GQ``` ` L `` ``` dG ``` ````dG
e EG G dG g dZ dh .AdG
dG M e fL j bh .
jHCG CGQ J
Fb ` EG Gb
. dG CGdG hCG
12-5-4
hG
EG aGhCG
e q M
aGhCG
aGhCG
e
28.9
42.6
15.6
7.7
5.2
37.5
41.5
8.8
5.4
6.8
dG dM
aGhCG
YCG
Uh gGH IQdG J Gh FG
d G AGQBG J Gh FG
EG FSh -CG
EG FSh -
13-5-4
hG
521
aGhCG
e
EG aGhCG
e q M
aGhCG
aGhCG
e
29.7
39.2
14.2
7.5
9.4
34.7
38.9
10.7
5.6
10.1
YCG
Uh gGH IQdG J Gh FG
d G AGQBG J Gh FG
EG FSh -CG
EG FSh -
14-5-4
dG
I H Iae H
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
aJ H aJ H H J H
dG dG J j G
a
jQh dG SSG
aG
d
j
d
ie d
aG
I G
aJ H SJ H aJ H
WMG
CG e jOe aGM
d G IGhG e h
LGh G
d
LGdGh aG
15-5-4
dG
S
G
IGh
G CG
J H
J
jQ
h dH Q aJ
dG
j dG H
dG
S
F dG H
a
N J
d
H
e
a
G aJ
H
e h a
L
jO
e
J
Gh
aGM H
d
G aJ
WM
G H
e j aJ
H
j
Q H
aJ
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
f RHCG e
QTCG dG dG
QG dEG
dG TQh
dG UN
Y dG
CGe jQ
G IGhG
LGdGh
UN
` ` CG ``e`` ` G ` ` ` ` ` dG ` `N ``e
S
dG fGG SGQdG Fd
CG SG ,j dG Gd OG`` EG
``VGh V ``e ```j ````dG A````dG
G f d H G aG GQ```G
GQG Ff `N
,aG
``j`` Qh G`` `dG ``j`` ` J ` ` e ``` fG``L``dG
UGdG e LGh ( d aGdG
cQGh G dGh ``j``NBG e
dG dM
adG EG
h e dG
Y hQObh
EG ddG
CG H aG
h dG aG
SG feEGh
523
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
524
6-4
dG
EG d d dG AdG gCJ f
M e jDhQ :aG
e dG Y
f SdG
EG ,dG dG
e j GR e fCG
Yh OL
Y L
dG e
G
AH f M G dG dBG J
e J e e eCG aG
, dG ZdG :gh SSCG cQCG HQCG
dG e eCJ , dG
IQ dG
. dG c h
Hd GQ``` ` J `` `j ``e ``V`````Sh
dG bG e b fG ,dG dG
Ffh VhCG M HdG dG eb
j dG jDhQ e dch ,fGG SGQdG
. dG
dG dG
dG ` F``dGh G```TD`G ``e O`` ```g
dG OGSG ie
H SG
g ``e fL UQ h .```V``dG d
. dG dG GTDG
IO``j j `` H : `` ```dG `` ``f
|tkdG d%G ee
dG
dG dM
dG dBG Jh
GQGh jdG Ac
Q ch GQ dGh
OjEGh HjEG dG
e edGh d FGH
jQdGh dG e
dG UEG h
525
G eC
d eRdG
jdG G j
jQGOEG h jOGh
e dG GdGh
Ad d
eCG aG
dG Y IQ dG
feEG dG
dch jOGh jdG
jdGh a dG FGdG
dG Gh SdGh
eb G hO
aG cQCG WJ
dG dG
j dG ZdG OLh
d bGdG Jh
jJh ,bGdG
GWC d cGdG
G NGO iNCG
dGh d
SdG J
SQGh dGh
j dGh AdG J dG
e ```dG dG dG `MG``e
.(dG j J
Jh He `` , f bdG h
jdG LGG N e jdG G
c e je T J dG cG
HdG IQG h ``e dhDe a Qjh
G GQG ```dGh ,k h k jce dGh
GdG dG AcTh , dH b dG
G ``
EG ``a``` VEG , d
cG jdG LGG jh .G
FdGh ,jdG G J ie J
,i``G Se FdG Q``WEG IO``` G
SdGh UdG O Gh Vh jh
h ``````dG ``` `` `` E``H `` ````dG
I b jdG
d IOG GgCG
Gh ,i``G Se Gh ,(i``G
.iG IH
dG QJ :GQO``` Gh ``Yh````G
jdG QG IQO````c GQO``` G ``e O``
dG SGQdG h d dG d
VjdGh dG J SGQO e dhdG
OG EG jh ,2007 h 2003 e J
LJ d jh .2011 IQhO cQ d
dG ``` Vhh ````G J ```f GO``L
ZdG
,Q dGh dG VGe
hO e cQG ih`` IO``M GO fG e
jObG VhCG H L J
``bG``dG ```LG``e ``dh`` CG EG ,````dG ` `
. UEG f LdG bOU ZQ J
Ff e IOSG g dG j e CG EG
ShQe H dG dG g
OG d jQdG Wh gG UEG V
```dGh ,``U````G ` Lh ` ` dG
dGh VjdG GQG e dG cEG
dGh dG `` ` ` SCG ` ` J ```dG
. dG W j H gGh
d ``cG``e fCG , ``` G G``g h
``S``` `dG ``c``` c IO`` `G ```` `d ``` ` gh
j dGh ````dG ``cG`` ``a```VEG dGh
dGh SGQdG d HdG
dG `` ` ` dG IA``` ` d ``S``` bh ``j`` ``d
Heh J CG c . J e Jh
SSCG dG JGSG J N
FdG Q``WEG V HSG b fdGh
d Me
dG iG Se
V 2009-2003 I d
dG G G
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
SQGG dGR e
OLh Y e
fG e
YO eh
YGHEG fCG
UdGh
LGe dh EG
Q bGdG
dG e bOU
f LdG
UEG
526
S dG T
dG GOe
M e dG
SQGG OY
dG GGh
dG dM
ee j EG
I dG h dG
d IN
AdG
ddG e
aG
527
fGG g bf bh .aG
j fCG EG .SGQdG g e dG dG
dGh I dG eG e jdG ZEG
:eh , AdG e dG dG
id c J g :d G ```LCG
`` HCG ``bh .``a```` `d ``` d`` G ````LCG
IQ```e ``` JQG `d`` `dG ``f````eG ``F```f
e g Z e cCG d aGdG j Q
TQh Ff cCG e d h .GQG
dG dG ie JQG e AGG
.dG AdG id
T :dG dG AH GREG
e dG dG GO e SJ dG
dG dG cGGh SQGG O M
GQOeh VG GdG N fCG
dG aJh e J H N
``` S`` Gh ``` ` dG ` e``` e ``e ``````dG
HjEG GTDe d q jh . fCG Zh
j , dGh AdG
JQb
WG
Jh j J SdG
````fEGh ```dG CG``` i`` NCG
i``NCG aG e d d
GQOEG eh .ae Va
G
dG J jdG OQG``G
dG IO`` L ``` E` `a ,``` ` MGh
G G ` ` c G``` M ``NC` j CG ``H
G``WCG ``e cGdG CG c ,WdG
UG dG cGc iNCG G
d SSCG G Gh
.dG dG
I G fCGh fG dG jdG
dG jQG QSO j : G
dG ```eG``dEGh f
MGU
e ``j``` dG ``` ` Jh ````` `d ``` S``` SCG
d dG aJ d SdG
M hCG dG e J A``` EG eh
M hCG dG G```` `Jh ``SO````dG
e SSCG dG Me e SdG
G``` ``` g CG EG . dG ``` SQ
,````eOQ ` ` ` ` ` dG ` ` j ``` ` j``` ` J
J SS Jh jJ ``e
FHCG `` EG
SCG eGdEG
H dG e ``f QG``bEG e ``SQG``G
UN jJh , dG eGdEG Vd
dG IOG je Jh O H
. dG dG
j c j dG e jdG fGL
e ` ` ``e ```` `Jh ``` ```dG ``` ``fh IO`` L
QWEG Gg e dh .SDe M UEG
GWCG L e cGdH j fCG dG
` ` f``eh ` d`` `` e ``` ` ` ` dG `` ` ``` dG
jQ J QG```UEG jh HbQ gh jeh
EG aVEH Jh G G H jS
. dGh SGQdG e O
J b `f``c :````S`````dG IOGQEG
, dG h , dG j bh jdG OQGG
ILCGh G WdG G jdhCG
JGSEG A``Lh .WdG M UEG
VGh G J d G d WdG
G jdG JG h QGhOCG
SCG dGh jjGh aG ie
dG jce dG GQG`` `dG j J gQhH
EGh , G G U J J
jJ JEG e H c T g c
GO``` ` G ``j``` `b ```U``N ``j``c``e ` dG
.jOGh dG
IQGOEG G``g Jh :G IOGQEG
fL EG iNCG SDGh GWCG SEG
O dh . d G J dhdG
A``HBG d `N e G cQG
O``Lh `d``ch ,``SQG``G ``` ``` eCGh
, d ``G G `````SD`e ` ` FG
bhCG IQG h d gh L q Jh
h ````d``c jdG dG h
j b `` ``j ``` ``G ``` d``` Gh iQ``` ` dG
h``G Qh``` `dG ``eh .SSCG dG
M EG SDG WGbh dG QWEG e H
.dGh jdGh SQG
```ZQ ``` g CG EG ``` ` `f CG ``` h
A``` ` dG OG`` ` ` EG ``` f ``` ` dG ``` `` `M
hCG SdG QG dG ie AGS , gCJh
cCG H dG j d .G
h QhG e jdG ZdG g LJ
d jOG dG IOj SCGQ
MVh cCG iDhdG O Gh dGh HdG
d ` ` CG ``U```dG G h
. eCG aG dG AdG OG EG
dG Y IQ dG
I`` ` dGh ``` `dG ``e```e ``j`` EG
ddG e AdG d dJ I N
f j Jh Jh AGOCG je j J
; gCdGh G jQdG
eT jj ``M ``UEG ``jDhQ J t
dG `` ` `dG ``f```e I``M``eh
b eh G dG d f NH
f EG aVEG ,eG dGh SQG
. dG jZh VZ IQ d dG dG
cG IQOH M UEG g Jh
``e`` ``G dG `` ` ` dG ```jDhQ ```M```d
G``` SEGh h`` dG ```dGh ``e``` G ``e
.dG LGNEGh dSG
dG
UE d eT jJ ``jDhQ J j
SCG j h jdG G AHh dG
G SCGQ QS d LdG e AdG dBGh
h .dG dG AHh dG G
IMe JGSEG ``jDhQ A```SQEG J CG
G dG GQGh dG
GgCGh e jd (eL ,e ,
fhH J CG ,eO dGh gGdG MG
V d ae ``U``a `a```H d
h BG J dG F fG SdG
eG dc e be e j dG
dc i``NCG VJ hCG ( ```G S
eh .G dG ggL jh (G
dG dG UEG MGe e eGdH J
.IMG JGSEG jDhdG cGd
fe edG HdG UEG EG
G H dG IGOCG g dG dG
J dG dG jQ AGMGh dG e d
W d OGaCG OG EGh BG dG G
CG d h . h HjEGh H
: dG UE SSCG fe HQCG f
d aG dG j
gCJh jQH cCG gG A jEG j
L d jdG Q dG CG M , G
j e J EG Lj G
MGe hCG geh J SD
a
,e Q`` `J da .IO`` ``j```
dG e G dG `F```S``dGh
G gCJ j ``eh . H Q J
aG AdG SCG T e Gd
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
dG e eC
jObGh SdG GOG e O g
MG e e dH SJ dG LGh
AdG f LdG JS ``HCG ``eh .eO dG
eCG ``j`` ````dG ````T ``bh .``j`` ``dGh
,edG e j
N IjGe SSh
jObG dG
c H `` CG
.dG a dGh SdGh LGh
jdG dG G```TD`e V f fh
````dG ````LG``J ``` dG ``j``` ` dG `` ``Lh
Mh c e G h ,IUCG
SSCG eG L J dhDe
dG AdG ``` VhCG E` a ,I````UCG
OL e j ZdG , dH J
. dGh dG LMG d I c
d `````dG ``` G ````JG CG ``cD` G ``eh
DS VhCG g h jdG dG
SdG JdG X UN ,eO dG IdG
dG e e O dG J ``dG G
bGdG J jdhCG J M ,2011
CG EG .iNCG jdhCGh LJ Vj b dG
g j CG j fGL H edG UEG
. G
e g ,e H dG j Mh
e Ij G``WCG fL e H AadG j
dhDe G ``G ``SCGQ J C G
H ``a`` `d ````G a J J L
.dG dG jQGSG dh dG
:e H j e h
G G cQe Mh f SJ
; Oh Gh HdG fG
AGS UG dG cQe Jh J
SDG Q``````SG ````HQ IQ````H
jQJ J eGH J hCG dG
dhDe V W H hCG ( e
``dh`` h ,e Ue ```dG LG
d UdG e G dG Ife
; M bCG
W ``L``M c `````dG ```Vh t
Gh HdG j dGh M UEG b
;dGh
`dG ``e dA d a f j J t
;HdG G FZ
UN ``G Gh G G```TEG t
jDhQ j
eT j
dG UEd
LdG e
SCGQ QSd
dG G G
UEG EG
edG H dG
fe
g dG dG
H YdG IGOCG
e d G
jQ AGMGh dG
dG dG
dG G Y
528
dG LddG Q
dG
IOYEG EG
Kd LGeh
ddGh G
Ad gGh
dG jDhQ e
G SEG
e AH
jM
dG dM
OGYEG e EG
LCG
LY e aG
jdG
gh . WG h
jCG gCG
j jdhCG
529
j
j h
T UNh dG dG J e H
h , dG SDG c e G
VhCG H SQGG LddG VhCG
Jh ` `f`` fEG ``e``Nh ``` S`` G `e```e
eG aJ j c . fG Gg dG
U G e ,Gh ,(j dGh dG
jQJh J cGe eG g aJ
EG , G G cQ d f
dG LdJ j J eb G fL
j J ````SE `d ``U``G `` ` `dG G``` TEGh
dG SD d e IOSG Ua Jh
dG dhDe e Ac UN IQH AdGh
dhdG hdG eGd h .G
IG J dH J CG dG G
. G fG Gg j d e dG dG
iH dGh dG dG j
G ``` fEG ``e j ``e ``e `` `aG``J
``H``dGh dGh
q j ,UG `Lh
bEGh
H Th FGhO Oh AfEG
EG dG LM ```ZEG j EG , h
`` O ` LCG e O``G dG QhO J
I ```dG ``` ``dG ``f```e `` MCG ``gh ,``a``` G
J CG h .dG dG dG
``a``H i`` G `` ``S```e GAG`` LE` `H ``b ` ` fG
e Jh j h ``SQG``G G
```SQ``G `` `M``e ```e e H ````dG
GQhO V SSCG dG ``W Jh
. dGh S G
UN
e aG LCG OG EG e EG
J gh . WG h jdG J L
QOGc OLh CG EG ,jJ jdhCG jCG gCG
S aG WJ IQOb eh e
g eGe J d eCG U
G Ea .Gh IOG jdG OQGG SSCG
f LdG eb G e dG c
OQGGh b dG M e q H a ,aG
e eCd Jh (jdGh ``jO``G
.aG LCG e AdG OG E dG
dG UGe e Gjh I G LG
eGdG aCG E`a ,JM A CG G
k eG SG SCGh dG j d Gh
G EG .aGgCG S
IO EG EG LH dG Gh d dGh
dG `` `jDhQ ``e A ` ` ` d ``` LG``eh J
. jM e AH JGSEG
: j e JLe eh
J a :jL Q G OG EGt
SD j ,`` ``G QGhOCG Jh
Lc SSCG QhO O G OG`` EG
V dG d ``j``eh eh
a d Mh Qc dG QhO
.SQG dG fL EG
dG G eT J GMEGt
d G h G
GJe d
I``` G i``e `` ```dG GQ````eh O``` dG
.g Zh bdGh dG dG GQeh
e e dG dG aJ t
. d MG fG dG QOeh
SD d dG dG
gj h dGh jH dG
e ``` ``dGh g IO`` E``H ` `d h
H d SG Oh IjdG jcG
gCJ IO``` EGh , J ```fG```e O``Lh
J Me aJh ,SQG G
d SG ``e Me `a``Jh ,aJ
adG Jh SQ d ``jQGOEGh dG
H dH ```SQ``G d ``SQG``G `H
.a d aG cG
I e
O gCG f ,dG G``g h
jh OJ dG dG SDe
,j H e NGdG gQGhOCG
e c dEG dG ,Jfe dG
dG ISCG SDG g eh . ee
De QhOh a cQe d j CG j
` EG FShh ,ae AdG OG`` EG
jjdG dhDe Q``J CG j dG
G``` TE` H ,``` ` ` G ` `d`` ch ,`` j`` H`` dGh
d dGh I G jdG GQdG
A EGh OG dGh edG b GHEG
. dG b
eGdG
http://www.cso-yemen.org 2011 QjCG/je 14 jQH 2009 d dG AMEG c .AME d cG d hdEG bG
www.unicef.org 2011 QjCG/je 15 jQH f d hdEG bG
2010 dj , dG e d ddG LGh jObG dG FdG GTDG M dG j dG , dG IQG h
http://www.yemen-nic.info/contents/Informatics/studies/23. ,G G dGh e EG G bGdG GTDe ,HdG Uf
2011 QjCG/je 16 jQH pdf
http://info.worldbank.org/etools/kam2/kam~page5.asp 2011 QjCG/je 23 jQH ( dG G AGOCG J e ,hdG dG fH I b
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
-1
-2
-3
-4
-5
-6
-7
-8
-9
-10
-11
-12
-13
-14
-15
-16
-17
-18
-19
-20
-21
-22
-23
-24
-25
-26
-27
-28
-29
-30
-31
-32
-33
-34
-35
-36
530
dG dM
LG GQhCGh LGG
531
LG GQhCGh LGG-dG dM
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
532
dG j ) .2007 hdG dG t
. jaCG Th ``ShCG dG e
`` ```dG ``` UEG . `` ` ` ` G `` ` j``` dG
.(``` `j``aCG ````Th ` ` ShCG ````dG e
. TGh ,J e
,dG ``jQ````Gh h`` dG dG t
``M ``j`` ` :``````dG ``jQ```` G) .2010
dG .(``U```dGh jdG: dG ``` h
. TGh ,hdG
` ` CG G ,dG ``jQ````G t
dG G```TD`e) .2009 , dG d
` `YG`` fCGh ` ` MG``e ,``` ` ` ` dG ``jQ``` ` G
.(2007-2008 d G
O``` ` ME ` d `` c`` G ``` G t
.(2009 ``` ` d ``` ` ` dG A`` ` `` `MEG `` ` ` )
. AME d cG d hdEG bG
2009
http://www.cso-yemen.org
) .2007 ,jdG T M t
``bQh ,(``` ` ` ` dG ``jQ``` ` G ``e`` ` ` G
bEG eG) ,GSEG De eb
.(2007 SG H e G
``j`` G) .2010 ,````S```dG O``` TQ t
/je 19 ,jQG IjL .(adGh
.2010 QjCG
.2005 ,dG S
```S t
YLG dG SDe ``KCGh QhO)
.IQe Z GQcO dSQ .(dG jdG
dG dM
533
HdH LGG
``jO````dG) .1998 ,UCG ```MCG t
.( GYCG fK N dG H G
.AU ,13 OdG , HGdG
.2009 ,``` `` ` G ` ` `` ` `MCG t
.(dG j beh aG ObG)
.93 OdG , SGQO
bEG ` e``G) .2007 ,G````SEG t
CG .(2007 SG H e G
. Qjf, IG
,``j``W ```MCG fCG t
www.mpicyem- (.eG d dd
j dG
2006
en.org/2006/nhdr/arabic/nhdr_rp/...re/
2010
S 10 jQH gender.doc
2002
LG GQhCGh LGG-dG dM
banews.net/2009/3041.html
http://www.algomhoriah.net/articles.
php?lng=arabic&print=1740
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
534
j EH LGG
CHF International Yemen, 2009. (AccessPlus Baseline Report 2009: A Report on
Child Labor and Education in Aden, Hajjah, Hudeidah and Taiz Governorates in
Yemen). An electronic version is available on http://www.chnternational.
org/publications/YemenACCESS-PlusBaseline_2009.pdf
GTZ, 2008. (Findings of Technical educational and Vocational Training (TEVT)
Sector Mission in the Republic of Yemen)
http://geip-yemen.org/les/2318.pdf
UNCTAD and International Telecommunication Union, 2007. (World Information Society Report 2007: Beyond
WSIS). ITU, Geneva.
LG GQhCG Fb
dG e e) . G dG t
.(dGh QGSG H dG G
dG dM
535
LG GQhCGh LGG-dG dM
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
536
dG dM
MG
537
M G-dG dM
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
538
dG Y TQh QG ASCH Fb :1 G
jdG fCG /I SCG
G G /dG
dG QcdG e
QGG dG / SCG
IQH / SCG
GQH jdG
dG OM /QcdG
dG MCG j
J G gGHEG QcdG
cdG QfG CG
M ahDhQ /IQcdG
jQG e SG
jdG T L /I SCG
dG OM
/ CG
W dG T eGQ / CG
dG g / CG
dG iH/ NCG
W if / NCG
G / SCG
dG /QcdG
W
S /I SCG
dG gGHG Wa / NCG
G aJ /QcdG
M dG MCG MdG / CG
Qe H V MCG /QcdG
dG eCG /I SCG
QO dG M /IQcdG
dG MdG Le /dG
gW QdG / SCG
Te G Te / SCG
cG fG /QcdG
GQdG ihQCG /I SCG
dG G /dG
dG OS /IQcdG
f j a /I SCG
ZCG QH /QcdG
M A
/ NCG
TN Lf / SCG
LdG e / SCG
dG dM
539
M G-dG dM
dG SG QG SQGG ASCH Fb :2 G
MCG M
F
I G U
gCG SdG
d ASCG
dG SQGe
SSCG H
hdG
ihQCG
jG SQGe
j G TdG
jN H jN
IM a j G G
S CG
dGh dG
IQdG
LCG
jdG jf
ddG H dN
HQ H
i G Gf
TQ G
dG
SQdG S
j /T
S Fg
Le HG
I G
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
540
dG SG Ff :3 G
(%) gG SQG AGQG :1-4
h G
DGKCG
GHCG
DGKCG
DGKCG
e <I
DGKCG
e
2.8
30.9
36.4
29.9
1.9
16.8
53.3
28
4.7
34
34.9
26.4
LQG aG
0.9
10.3
57
31.8
5.6
30.8
40.2
23.4
edG I G e e e d dG dG eGdGh gG J -
6.6
27.4
43.4
22.6
6.6
35.8
31.2
26.4
G j H dG dG eGdGh gG q J -CG
jQh dG GQG cG dG eGdGh gG J -
(%)ddG
64eCG
IQOb GAc OG EG
dG eGdGh gG J -
H h=CG F
G G G
1.7
47
31.3
20
5.3
47.8
36.5
10.4
3.6
13.4
34.8
48.2
j dG gG T -
7.2
10.7
74.1
7.8
21.1
71.1
SQqdG ge M e dG e T dG -
12.5
42
35.7
9.8
SGQdG gH J dG EG e Vh be -h
4.5
36.6
36.6
22.3
25.9
56.5
13
4.6
17
50.9
20.5
11.6
2.8
24.5
30.9
41.8
0.9
5.3
13.3
80.5
IQdG
SQqdG Hc -O
EG
dG I e -
I U V e dG J edG I G dG IOG HQ -
G -
dG dM
ZG OQh dG Ahg
541
M G-dG dM
(%ddG
42CG
M4K|9 M4K|9
=
G T/
e <I M4K|9
77.4
19.1
3.5
52.2
33.8
2.6
49.1
41.3
2.6
55.3
40.3
1.8
1.7
80
15.7
2.6
77
20.4
2.6
dG IOG fGbh G dG M
dG I e -h
0.9
90.4
1.7
SQG e dG
e dG J -
1.7
47.4
43.9
H q j dG fCG c I H I N e dG aGe -
1.8
60.5
35.1
2.6
0.9
69
27.4
2.7
0.9
85.2
11.3
2.6
2.6
30.7
50.9
15.8
q G e G
dG dG
dG jQJ
GQOe Jq Gh e IQH d e dG aO -
H EG e dG I e -O
e q M dG jQJ -
JGdG dG SQ
G dG
e dG jJ e dG jJ -
LG dGh OG e dG
J-
ShQdG H e dG GdEG -
(%)SQGh dGh
DGKCG
e <I
dG jQJ
dG M SQG GQ
:4-4
h G
DGKCG
GHCG
DGKCG
11.3
21.7
48.7
18.3
2.6
6.9
38.8
51.7
2.6
30.4
60
2.6
1.8
30.4
65.2
j H ej j SGQqdH e dG gG -O
11.3
38.3
37.4
13
dG Iq H G dG L q j -
36.8
36
21.1
6.1
0.9
7.9
31.6
59.6
11.8
25.4
46.1
16.7
5.3
16.7
44.7
33.3
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
DGKCG
e
dG ZCG id aG dG
jOG dG W -
542
G bdG :5-4 h G
3 e
4 (G
<6
e
<6
(G
k<6
e ECG
<6
$7
13.4
11.6
37.5
35.7
1.8
SQ d OG EGh q dG -CG
13.4
22.3
40.2
19.6
4.5
e dG CG J -
1.8
1.8
25.9
58.9
11.6
jq QGOEG LG Q M -
0.9
1.8
8.9
43.8
44.6
QeCG AdhCG e GA d -O
0.9
2.6
10.6
30.1
55.8
3.5
13
35.7
27.8
20
2.7
7.1
13.3
22.1
54.8
e FCG
5
<6
(%)ddG
JCG
,F
JCG
6ke
JCG
9
JCG
d
85.3
13
1.7
71.3
25.2
0.9
2.6
70.3
27
2.7
91.2
1.8
87.7
9.6
0.9
1.8
55.8
38.9
5.3
QHGh GHEG
IQ G -h
45.6
51.7
2.7
DhdGh dG
IQ dG -
45.6
49.1
5.3
71.7
24.8
0.9
2.6
GQOG Jq G dG HLEG -
dG dM
eG bQh
543
M G-dG dM
(%)
28.4
71.6
SM -CG
72.4
27.6
ffEG GTG -
44.6
55.4
Se -
79.6
20.4
jHJ GTG -O
29.7
70.3
e hCG Seb -
25.9
74.1
e -h
(%)
53
47
(%) LddG
FS d SQq G SG G CG :9-4 h G
10.4
89.6
16.7
83.3
21.7
78.3
29.5
70.5
jNBG A e e QhdG
40
60
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
q J q Vh
dG
SQqdG
e dG e UGqdG
544
(%) jH
dG SQq G g G :10-4 h G
DGKCG
GHCG
DGKCG
DGKCG
e <I
DGKCG
e
1.8
11.7
63.1
23.4
SGQdG d e dG id G e j J
1.8
5.4
38.7
54.1
0.9
36
63.1
27
45.9
15.4
11.7
25.7
47.7
24.8
1.8
5.7
31.8
50.5
12.1
4.6
20.4
60.2
14.8
5.6
14
43.9
36.4
11.2
42.1
29
17.8
6.5
40.2
24.3
29
0.9
1.9
13.9
83.3
1.8
9.3
38
50.9
1.8
11
46.8
40.4
(%) jH
dG dM
<
e
545
e <I
cdG j -CG
UEG -
20.5
37.5
19.6
22.4
7.9
26.3
21.9
43.9
16.2
74.8
0.9
2.5
15.7
80.9
dSQ MU CH SMEG dG e -
0.9
18.4
80.7
OG GMG
dG Hh H b dG J -
0.9
91.1
OG GMG
F e
2.7
15.9
81.4
0.9
1.8
15.2
82.1
8.8
42.1
41.2
7.9
e dG J
q Fe e CGdG Od QeCG AdhCH jQhO dCG -
2.7
15.9
81.4
dG e j OG EG e J e CH TCG -
5.4
18.7
43.8
32.1
JCS -CG
JCS -
dG e
JGdG AcG q j dG e NO -
OG GMG
OG GMG
dG L J
Hh H b dG J -O
M G-dG dM
(%)
GHCG
G42I
I0CG
)G2
21.2
20.4
31
27.4
19.3
21.1
30.7
28.9
46.8
14.4
18
20.8
28.1
19.2
28.1
24.6
LGj dG HdG
q e edG
(%) dG dG
DGKCG
DGKCG
T0 (G
e
DGKCG
e
23.5
37.3
25.5
13.7
q dG aq j -CG
eG A CG J UG J SQq d HdG
41.8
33.7
12.2
12.3
47.5
30.3
14.1
8.1
23
28
40
26
29.2
36.5
8.3
44.3
33
16.5
6.2
q A fG j -h
eQU j e EG jQdG TG
6.1
16.3
29.6
48
dG G Gh SQq G (OG EG jJ H Iq g LJ -
60
18
10
12
40
21.1
24.2
14.7
38.3
31.9
18.1
11.7
DGKCG
e
ddG IAdG h
SQq d J dhqdG aq J -
dG ie d eG A CG jQ d Ij Ua dhqdG aJ -O
h G
jM
ee
jM
IOh
jM
I c
jM
e
19.4
24.3
55.3
23.3
40.8
35
dG GQG -
5.8
23.3
29.2
41.7
jdG GQG -
6.8
34
33
26.2
G GQG -O
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
dG GQG -CG
546
Y IQ dH QdG :15-4 h G
33.3
0.083
0.077
0.067
0.077
0.063
0.114
0.068
0.071
0.104
,|6CG HdG dG
0.1
16-4
h G
kdG cdG
dGK G4G
aG GQ d jQG eG
0.117
fGLdG GQ d jQG eG
0.169
LG GQ d jQG eG
0.102
0.234
aG d jQG eG
0.086
0.134
LG d jQG eG
0.111
0.235
fGLdG d jQG eG
0.197
fdG d jQG eG
0.129
0.104
Cd kdG LkG
0.186
0.109
~G kdG JD|dG
Cd kdG LkG
0.072
bh GQe Y d IaGG dG dG KC
cdG kdG JD|dG
tG
,|6CG F|-
I
66.7
0.156
0.080
dG dM
547
M G-dG dM
2011/2010 d HdG aG j J
548
f0xE(*2011/2010bD+xD*fAx*xJx-mgJHE&b*fAx*gfEbB(*ib<dD+xD*b~zF(*J
b/&*2*v<(*ibD%*HibmEEEbgD*z~6&*~9H1EfAx*g$b+6b~6&*xm*$b~64(*pFxpgD*
+5gD*<gJ'H4xJxgD*vg~zJHfc0xD*-boDHHfAx*g$b+f<bD*fC4b~{DbG&bgDfE2bD*
E~7bg-gD*i*4bb+bGvJHy-dgJfAx*g$bcDfE2bD*b/&*2*v<(bAgD*HD*Hi*4b*f..
b-*3}pi*4b*&*xJxgD*vC'JHbm**wGbD*dCxDb+bpDfJgD*b&*HfFbgD*HfAx*i*4gD*
-gD*fEbD*a2bc*Ef/<fg~{*D*EffEhFB**3(*(*,2~{*bG4b.-'-&*
1v*Hrbg*F(bAgD*bE&*f+*i*4b~z*b/-Hi*4b*xs~z-gD*ib~64b*.EHib<bD*x:'-H
fJ+D*HfJgD**Hib~6b~zDb+fg*bJb~}D*~{gD-bFEvgwD*HfAx*gmb/&*2*v<(*ib<
ibE*ibc~{DfgpgD*fcD*A-(*~8Hr~8(*HibJx*:(*(*,yp*HfEb~}D*ib~z~6'*HibJx~{gD*H
bD(*~8D*~z-H
D*Hex*Hi*4bE(*H24&*f+x<H2+4&* hJx/&* fF*vEr~zEHib~6*42<2bg<b+xJxgD**wGygJ
xJxgD*GH&*$y*~z)4)y/ExJxgD*gJHbAfAx*gm${D*2*v<(*b~9H&*<fDb0ib~6*4vC
lpcD*n)bgD9x<(*fAb~9(*Cf+xD*f*fAx*gm${D*2*v<(*bJb~}BEEbgJwD* bD*
ib*ib~6*42~8b-~}gAxJxgD*EbjD*$y*bE&*fE2bD*b/&*2*v<(xpgD*fEfJ'H4HfF*v*
2011/2010bD+xD*fAx*xJx-JDw+HfF*v*r~z*n)bgD~|E9x<HEb~7-D3b+4&*
f+xD*HvD*B*HEfF*v*ib~6*4vD*<*vg~zEfAx*gm+xD*${D*2*v<(*ibDbA*HvBvB
fc0xD*b-bmfAx*g(*oDD${D*2*v<(*Jx:<bN R EJ&
*E&bFxpgDb0Eb/3vDH
N
ib_cD*fJ4w/ib0~8(*5b(*HD*Hi*4bb+bp~z-H,vJv*b/&*2*v<(*bF24&*(*4D*xpgD,4Hx~9f.
wD*e*gD*(*fAx*g(*oDDf+xD*ibBbD*-f~}Fz~6&bgDb/&*f-Hf~9b*fgD*
f+xD*f~}D*Hx~{E$bcDfEb~7fAb.Hf~6b~6Hf<bg/*HfJ2b~|gB*f_c-f<~8GxJxgD*0xJ
fgD*pJHbD*<rbgF*pJHfAx*v<*B~6xJvJv/gm+xD*${D*2*v<(*D1EH+gJwD*
gE*xCH+xD*b~zF(*,yDbK <2fE*vg~z*fFb~zF(*