Cade Skalka Individual Website Senior Division

Annotated Bibliography
Primary Sources Advances in Communication: Bell Invents the Telephone. Prod. COMCO Productions. Aims Multimedia, 1983. Discovery Education. Web. 19 February 2012. <http://www.discoveryeducation.com/>. This is a video from Discovery Education that included some primary footage of Mr. Watson talking about the invention of the telephone. I only used that section so this is a primary source. Bessemer, Henry. Sir Henry Bessemer, F.R.S.: an Autobiography, with a Concluding Chapter. London: Institute of Metals, 1989. Print. This was a primary source autobiography of Bessemer. It described how he came to invent the process. I also got several pictures here. Brave New Age. Prod. Aims Multimedia. Aims Multimedia, 1984. Discovery Education. Web. 19 February 2012. <http://www.discoveryeducation.com/>. This video described how the country changed from agrarian to urban. I cut a clip from this for my site. The visuals are primary, though the narration is not. "Elevators Make Skyscrapers Possible." New York Times 1 Mar. 1908. Print. This is a newspaper article from 1908 that describes the "new" elevator. It is a primary source. History in Focus: 1900-1909. Prod. WPA Film Library . WPA Film Library , 1996. Discovery Education. Web. 29 February 2012. http://www.discoveryeducation.com/. This video had historical footage about building skyscrapers and the framing technology. It was historical footage and thus, a primary source. History in Focus: 1910-1919. Prod. WPA Film Library . WPA Film Library , 1998. Discovery Education. Web. 28 February 2012. http://www.discoveryeducation.com/. This video had historical footage about the skyscraper. I used clips from this on my website and got background information as well. This was a primary source.

Cade Skalka Individual Website Senior Division

"Home Insurance Building." History.com. A&E Television Networks. Web. 25 Feb. 2012. <http://www.history.com/topics/home-insurance-building>. This website provided me with information about the first official skyscraper. There were many primary photos on this site. Since I mostly used the photos, I am classifying this as a primary source. Secondary Sources "Architectural Intrigue." Architectural Intrigue. Web. 25 Feb. 2012. <http://architecturalintrigue.blogspot.com/2011/11/dynamic-rotatingskyscrapers-wow.html>. This website provided the inspiration for the movie on my front page. It also helped me gather information on where skyscrapers are going from here. Barss, Karen. "The History of Skyscrapers." Skyscraper History FactMonster.com. Pearson Education, 2007. Web. 2 Feb. 2012. <http://www.factmonster.com/spot/skyscraperhistory.html>. This website had good information about the building process and building materials for skyscrapers. "Bessemer Process (metallurgy)." Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica. Web. 25 Feb. 2012. <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/63067/Bessemer-process>. This website had background information about the Bessemer process and Sir Henry Bessemer. Broyles, Susan. "100 Years Ago The Equitable Building Fire." Museum of the City of New York Blog. Museum of the City of New York, 10 Jan. 2012. Web. 26 Feb. 2012. <http://mcnyblog.org/tag/equitable-life-assurance-company/>. This website had information about a skyscraper fire in New York City. The technology of fighting fires in skyscrapers was not yet fully developed. There were primary photos on this site. Buttowski, John. "Internet History Sourcebooks Project." Fordham.edu. Fordham University. Web. 26 Feb. 2012. <http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/medny/buttowski/>.

Cade Skalka Individual Website Senior Division

I used pictures of the Chrysler Building from this site as well as got background information about the building. Day, Mark. Personal interview. 10 February 2012. I interviewed Mr. Day, an AP European History teacher, about the Second Industrial Revolution and how it affected skyscrapers. His interview was very informative and I used two clips of the video I made of the interview on my website. Douglas, George H. Skyscrapers: A Social History of the Very Tall Building in America. Jefferson, NC: McFarland &, 2004. Print. This was my most useful source. I got information about the social history behind skyscrapers. There was a helpful chart detailing building heights. Many quotes from my webpages were found here. Information about modern conveniences was also found here. Elmer, Eddy. "Architecture: Skyscrapers." Eddy M. Elmer. 2001. Web. 12 Feb. 2012. <http://www.eddyelmer.com/architecture/list.htm>. This website described the differences in the different styles of architecture and gave specific buildings matched to their styles which helped me better understand the different styles. "EVolo | Architecture Magazine Paul Aldridge." EVolo. Web. 25 Feb. 2012. <http://www.evolo.us/author/paul/>. This was one of my favorite sources as it not only provided insight into skyscrapers in general, but also looked into the future of building and beyond. "Exploration." Exploration. Web. 25 Feb. 2012. <http://alaudun77.wordpress.com/>. From this website I got a picture. it also provided me with insight into the roots of reaching for the sky with buildings. Flowers, Benjamin Sitton. Skyscraper: The Politics and Power of Building New York City in the Twentieth Century. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania, 2009. Print. This book had a lot of information about the history of the skyscraper, particularly New York City and Chicago. I also got many of the quotes on my web pages from this book. "Fusion of Form & Function -." ThinkQuest. Oracle Foundation. Web. 25 Feb. 2012. <http://library.thinkquest.org/26491/main.php3?browser=3>.

Cade Skalka Individual Website Senior Division

This website was about the history of skyscrapers that I used all around my website. Glaeser, Edward. "The Atlantic." The Atlantic. The Atlantic Monthly Group, Mar. 2011. Web. 5 Feb. 2012. <http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2011/03/how-skyscrapers-cansave-the-city/8387/>. This article described why the skyscraper should still be considered important for cities. It described how important the invention of the elevator was. The history of the skyscraper was outlined. "Henry Bessemer : Biography." Spartacus Educational. Web. 04 Nov. 2011. <http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/SCbessemer.htm>. This was the first source I used when looking for information about Sir Henry Bessemer and steel. "Henry Bessemer - The Steel Man." Inventors. Web. 04 Nov. 2011. <http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blsteel.htm>. This website had information about Bessemer and I got a picture from this site. Howeler, Eric. Skyscraper. New York: Universe Pub., 2003. Print. This book provided me with information about the different styles of architecture in skyscrapers. It contained mostly information about modern skyscrapers. "How Stuff Works." Web. 04 Nov. 2011. <http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=68068213DF14-41EC-B2AB-082DEB915E84>. I watched this video to get information about how the Bessemer process works. Inventions and Industry. Prod. Discovery Education. Discovery Education, 2005. Discovery Education. Web. 29 February 2012. <http://www.discoveryeducation.com/>. This video had information about building skyscrapers and the jobs they produced. I used clips from this on my website. While the footage was historical, the narration was not, so I have classified it as a secondary source.

Cade Skalka Individual Website Senior Division

"Inventor Henry Bessemer Biography." The Great Idea Finder - Celebrating the Spirit of Innovation. Web. 11 Nov. 2011. <http://www.ideafinder.com/history/inventors/bessemer.htm>. This website had pictures that I used. Landau, Sarah Bradford, and Carl W. Condit. Rise of the New York Skyscraper: 1865 - 1913. New Haven [u.a.: Yale Univ., 1996. Print. I used this book for background information on building skyscrapers. There were a lot of specific details on building techniques that I found interesting. The pictures were very clear and I could see details in the architecture. Life Support and Skyscrapers. Prod. Discovery Education. Discovery Education, 2001. Discovery Education. Web. 19 February 2012.<http://www.discoveryeducation.com/>. This website had information about elevators and I cut a portion to use in my website. MacArthur Foundation. Chicago School of Architecture. YouTube. Web. 15 Feb. 2012. I used this YouTube video to learn about the Chicago School of Architecture and used a clip from this video in my website. Mintz, S. (2007). The Rise of the City: The Skyscraper. Digital History. Retrieved February 2, 2012 from http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/database/article_display.cfm?HHID=209 This website was very useful in understanding the history of the use of the skyscraper in cities. "More About Bell." PBS. PBS. Web. 5 Feb. 2012. <http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/telephone/peopleevents/mabell.html>. This website had good information about the invention of the telephone. "Mystic Places - The Great Pyramid." World Mysteries. Web. 25 Feb. 2012. <http://www.world-mysteries.com/mpl_2.htm>. This website had information about the pyramids and a picture for me to use. "New York Architecture Images- Singer Building." Nyc-architecture. Web. 25 Feb. 2012. <http://nyc-architecture.com/GON/GON003.htm>.
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Cade Skalka Individual Website Senior Division

This website allowed me to find details about specific skyscrapers that I could use throughout my website. The photos were primary sources. "New York Skyscrapers." A View On Cities. Web. 25 Feb. 2012. <http://www.aviewoncities.com/nyc/skyscrapers.htm>. Here I found information on certain skyscrapers in New York City. "Otis Opened Elevator Factory." America's Story from America's Library. Web. 25 Feb. 2012. <http://www.americaslibrary.gov/jb/reform/jb_reform_otis_3.html>. This website has information about elevators that I could use on my page for modern conveniences. PBS. PBS. Web. 25 Feb. 2012. <http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/buildingbig/wonder/structure/petronas_towers.htm l>. This website provided me with information about specific skyscrapers that I could use in my panorama. "September 11, 2001 - As It Happened - A Composite." 2001. DVD. 15 Feb. 2012. This video is a collection of segments from various news channels as they reported the bombing of the skyscrapers, the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center. I have included portions of the video in my website. Skyscrapers have become such a symbol of America that terrorists attack them, believing that they represent the country. "Sir Henry Bessemer | Inventor & Engineer." Lucidcaf Interactive Caf and Information Resource. Web. 04 Nov. 2011. <http://www.lucidcafe.com/library/96jan/bessemer.html>. This was informative about Bessemer and I learned about how he came up with the idea of making steel. "Skyscraper Elevators | AllAboutSkyscrapers.com." Skyscrapers, Tallest Buildings, Commercial Real Estate. Word Press, 2011. Web. 5 Feb. 2012. <http://www.allaboutskyscrapers.com/construction/skyscraper_elevator>. This website contained information about elevators in skyscrapers. "Stonehenge." Mac OS X Server. Web. 25 Feb. 2012. <http://abyss.uoregon.edu/~js/glossary/stonehenge.html>.

Cade Skalka Individual Website Senior Division

I found a picture on this website that I used on my homepage video and it also taught me about the very foundation of architecture. The American Industrial Revolution. Prod. Media Rich Learning. Media Rich Learning, 1997. Discovery Education. Web. 28 February 2012. http://www.discoveryeducation.com/. This video had good information about the industrial revolution and the beginnings of skyscrapers. I used a part of the video in my website. "The Bessemer Process The RDR Steel Blog." RDR Steel Sales - Used and New Shipping Containers and Baskets. Web. 11 Nov. 2011. <http://rdrsteelsales.com/wordpress/?p=45>. I got background information and some pictures here. The New American City. Prod. Discovery Education. Discovery Education, 2007. Discovery Education. Web. 29 February 2012. <http://www.discoveryeducation.com/>. This video had historical footage but the narration was modern. I got information here about the Great Fire in Chicago and the building of skyscrapers afterwards. This also gave me specific information about the Chicago School of Architecture. "Timeline of Skyscrapers - Great Buildings Online." Architecture Design Architectural Images Drawings History and More. Web. 25 Feb. 2012. <http://www.greatbuildings.com/times/types/skyscraper.html>. There was a time-line on this website that had skyscrapers on it that assisted me in making my panorama. "Topics." OEC. Web. 25 Feb. 2012. <http://www.onlineethics.org/cms/8890.aspx>. This website had background information about skyscrapers and architecture in general. Wilson, Mark R. "Construction." Encyclopedia of Chicago. Chicago Historical Society, 2005. Web. 2 Feb. 2012. <http://encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/331.html>. This website included good information about the technology of building skyscrapers. There was also information about the building of skyscrapers in Chicago after the fire.

Cade Skalka Individual Website Senior Division

Music used: Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus. "Mozart Symphony No. 40 in G Minor Allegro Molto." Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. Pilz Entertainment, 1993. CD. This is the music I used in the movie clip of building the Empire State Building. Ligeti, Gyorgy, Richard Strauss, Johann Strauss, and Aram Ilich Khachaturian. 2001, A Space Odyssey. Turner Entertainment Co., 1996. CD. I used this music on the video clip on my home page.