Name__________________________________ Chapter 10 and 11 Test 1) Which of the following is a recognized function of skeletal muscle?

A) produce movement B) maintain posture C) maintain body temperature D) guard body entrances and exits E) all of the above 2) Which of the following statements is incorrect? A) The contractions of skeletal muscles pull on tendons and move bones of the skeleton. B) Skeletal muscles store nutrient reserves. C) Skeletal muscles are responsible for the pumping action of the heart. D) Skeletal muscles support the weight of some internal organs. E) Skeletal muscle contractions help maintain body temperature 3) Nerves and blood vessels that service the muscle fibers are located in the connective tissues of the A) endomysium. B) perimysium. C) sarcolemma. D) sarcomere. E) myofibrils. 4) Muscle fibers differ from "typical cells" in that muscle fibers A) lack a plasma membrane. B) have many nuclei. C) are very small. D) lack mitochondria. E) both B and C 5) The advantage of having many nuclei in a skeletal muscle fiber is A) the ability to contract. B) the ability to produce more ATP with little oxygen. C) the ability to store extra DNA for metabolism. D) the ability to produce large amounts of the muscle proteins needed for growth and repair. E) both C and D

6) Which of the following best describes the term sarcomere? A) protein that accounts for elasticity of resting muscle B) repeating unit of striated myofibrils C) storage site for calcium ions D) thin filaments are anchored here E) largely made of myosin molecules 7) Interactions between actin and myosin filaments of the sarcomere are responsible for A) muscle fatigue. B) the conduction of neural stimulation to the muscle fiber. C) muscle contraction. D) muscle relaxation. E) the striped appearance of skeletal muscle 8) Which of the following best describes the term Z line? A) protein that accounts for elasticity of resting muscle B) repeating unit of striated myofibrils C) storage site for calcium ions D) thin filaments are anchored here E) largely made of myosin molecules 9) The region of the sarcomere containing the thick filaments is the A) Z line. B) M line. C) H band. D) A band. E) I band. 10) The area in the center of the A band that contains no thin filaments is the A) Z line. B) M line. C) H band. D) I band. E) zone of overlap. 11) At rest, active sites on the actin are blocked by A) myosin molecules. B) troponin molecules. C) tropomyosin molecules. D) calcium ions. E) ATP molecules.

12) The action potential is conducted into a skeletal muscle fiber by A) motor end plates. B) neuromuscular junctions. C) transverse tubules. D) triads. E) sarcoplasmic reticulum 13) Active sites on the actin become available for binding after A) actin binds to troponin. B) troponin binds to tropomyosin. C) calcium binds to troponin. D) calcium binds to tropomyosin. E) myosin binds to troponin. 14) When calcium ion binds to troponin, A) tropomyosin moves into the groove between the helical actin strands. B) active sites on the myosin are exposed. C) actin heads will bind to myosin. D) muscle relaxation occurs. E) myosin shortens. 15) Muscles that guard entrances and exits of internal passageways are ________ muscles. A) parallel B) convergent C) pennate D) bipennate E) circular 16) Skeletal muscles in which the fascicles form a common angle with the tendon are ________ muscles. A) parallel B) circular C) pennate D) convergent E) divergent 17) A muscle that inserts on the body of the mandible is probably involved in A) kissing. B) blowing. C) chewing. D) frowning. E) spitting.

18) Muscles that insert on the olecranon process of the ulna can act to

A) flex the forearm. B) extend the forearm. C) abduct the forearm. D) adduct the forearm. E) extend the carpals. 19) Which of the following muscles does not have an action that is antagonistic to the action of the brachialis muscle? A) anconeus B) triceps brachii lateral head C) triceps brachii long head D) triceps brachii medial head E) brachioradialis 20) A muscle that assists the muscle that is primarily responsible for a given action is a(n) A) agonist. B) antagonist. C) synergist. D) originator. E) levator. 21) Each of the following terms is a descriptive term for a muscle's action, except A) levator. B) pronator. C) tensor. D) sartorius. E) adductor. 22) The "kissing muscle" that purses the lips is the A) zygomaticus. B) orbicularis oris. C) buccinator. D) levator labii. E) procerus. 23) The auricularis muscle acts to A) move the external ear. B) purse the lips. C) depress the lip. D) draw the corner of the mouth back and up. E) close the eye.

24) Which of the following does not originate or insert on the hyoid bone?

A) digastric B) geniohyoid C) omohyoid D) sternohyoid E) sternothyroid 25) The sternocleidomastoid inserts on the A) occipital bone. B) clavicle. C) mastoid process. D) sternum. E) both B and D 26) Which of the following describes the action of the serratus anterior? A) adducts the arm B) adducts and flexes the humerus C) protracts the shoulder, abducts and medially rotates the scapula D) medial rotation of the humerus E) lateral rotation of the humerus 27) A muscle that adducts the humerus is the A) coracobrachialis. B) deltoid. C) trapezius. D) latissimus dorsi. E) both A and D 28) Tom, a trumpet player, asks you which muscles he should develop in order to be a better trumpeter. What would you tell him? A) the masseter and buccinator B) the buccinator and orbicularis oris C) the orbicularis oris and risorius D) the risorius and zygomaticus E) the levator labii and mentalis 29) Pam's daughter is born cross-eyed. As she grows, the problem does not become any better. Her physician suggests cutting an eye muscle to bring the eyes into a more normal position. Which muscle will he cut? A) inferior rectus B) lateral rectus C) medial rectus D) superior rectus E) superior oblique 30) Tom is having difficulty plantar flexing and everting his foot. Which muscle is most

likely involved in this problem? A) tibialis anterior B) soleus C) gastrocnemius D) flexor digitorum longus E) fibularis 31.) Describe the basic sequence of events that occurs at the neuromuscular junction and in the muscle cell. Acetylcholine released by the motor neuron at the neuromuscular junction changes the permeability of the cell membrane at the motor end plate. The permeability change allows the influx of positive charge, which triggers an action potential. The action potential spreads across the entire surface of the muscle fiber and into the interior via T tubules. The cytoplasmic concentration of calcium ions (released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum) increases, triggering the start of a contraction. The contraction ends when AChE removes the ACh from the synaptic cleft and motor end plate. 32.) A thin filament is constructed from actin, tropomyosin, troponin, and nebulin. FALSE 33.) The structural theory that explains how a muscle fiber contracts is called the sliding filament model/theory 34.) The following is a list of the events that occur during a muscle contraction. 1. Myosin cross-bridges bind to the actin. 2. The free myosin head splits ATP. 3. Calcium ion is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. 4. The myosin head pivots toward the center of the sarcomere. 5. Calcium ion binds to troponin. 6. The myosin head binds an ATP molecule and detaches from the actin. The correct sequence of these events is A) 1, 3, 5, 4, 6, 2. B) 5, 1, 4, 6, 2, 3. C) 3, 5, 1, 2, 4, 6. D) 3, 5, 1, 4, 6, 2. E) 1, 4, 6, 2, 3, 5. 35.) Large-diameter, densely packed myofibrils, large glycogen reserves, and few mitochondria are characteristics of A) slow fibers. B) intermediate fibers. C) fast fibers. D) red muscles. E) fatty muscles. 36.) Jeff is interested in toning his abdomen. What muscles would you tell Jeff to exercise

to accomplish his goal? What movements would best exercise these muscles? Jeff should do exercises that flex and twist the trunk. The muscles he should target are the rectus abdominus muscles, the external and internal oblique muscles, and the latissimus dorsi muscles. Sit- ups and twisting movements will stimulate these muscles. If he places a weight on his chest as he does sit- ups, it will produce faster results because the rectus abdominis muscle would be working against a greater load. 37.) What three functional roles in a movement are used to characterize muscle groups? Give a brief description of each action. Agonist, antagonist, or synergist. Agonists are chiefly responsible for a movement. Antagonists oppose the agonists, keeping the movements smooth. Synergists provide additional force or stabilize the origin. 38.) The adductor magnus can both flex and extend the thigh depending on the part activated. TRUE 39.) Skeletal muscles usually work in groups. TRUE 40.) A strain is a tear in a muscle.