Multiband excitation vocoder

The parameters used in MBE model are:

1. spectral envelope
2. the fundamental frequency
3. the V/UV information for each harmonic
4. the phase of each harmonic declared voiced. The
phases of harmonics in frequency bands declared
unvoiced are not included since they are not required
by the synthesis algorithm

Speech analyzed first by segmenting speech using a window
(e.g. Hamming window)
Excitation and system parameters are calculated for
each segment
Excitation parameters : voiced/unvoiced, pitch period
System parameters: spectral envelope / system impulse
response




PARAMETERS ESTIMATION:
In analysis parameters
1. excitation spectrum
2. spectral envelope are calculated
The original signal is S. which is segmented using a hamming
window so we now have Sw
While the synthesized speech S
^
w is a product of excitation
spectrum and spectral envelope


Below are the equation which show: E is the error, Sw(w) is
original speech spectrum, S^w(w) is synthesised speech
spectrum







| | e e e
t
c
t
t
d s s
w w
2
) ( ) (
2
1
}

=
| | e e e
t
c d E A s
m
m
b
a
W m w m
2
) ( ) (
2
1
}
=
e e
e e e
d Ew
d Ew Sw
A
m
m
m
m
b
a
b
a
m
2
) (
) ( ) (
}
}
=
| ) ( | ) ( ) (

e e e
w w w
E H s =


Pitch Estimation and Spectral Envelope
P ( w ) in a interval is to pre-compute samples of the
Fourier transform of the window w (n) and center it around
the harmonic frequency associated with the interval
For unvoiced frequency intervals, the envelope parameters
are estimated by substituting idealized white noise (unity
across the band) for |E (w)|
For unvoiced regions, only the magnitude of Am, is
estimated since the phase of A, is not required for speech
synthesis.

V/UV DECISION
The voiced/unvoiced decision for each harmonic is
made by comparing the normalized error over each
harmonic of the estimated fundamental to a threshold
When the normalized error over mth harmonic is below
the threshold, this frame will be marked as voiced else
unvoiced


e e
t
c

d Sw
m
m
b
a
m
m
2
) (
2
1
}
=


Analysis Algorithm Flowchart