Bi 1. C b n v Access 2007 ................................................................................................... 3 1.1. Kh i ng, tm hi u giao di n ....................................................................................... 3 1.1.1. Kh i ng Microsoft Access 2007........................................................................... 3 1.1.2.

2. Getting Started with Microsoft Office Access ........................................................ 5 1.1.3. Ribbon ..................................................................................................................... 6 1.1.4. Thanh cng c Quick Access ................................................................................ 11 1.1.5. Navigation Pane .................................................................................................... 12 1.1.6. Tab document........................................................................................................ 17 1.1.7. Status bar .............................................................................................................. 19 1.1.8. Mini toolbar........................................................................................................... 20 1.1.9. T o Database u tin........................................................................................... 21 1.2. B t u lm vi c v i c s d li u ............................................................................... 27 1.2.1. L n u tin s d ng Access................................................................................. 27 1.2.2. T o m t DataBase s d ng Template................................................................... 27 1.2.3. T i cc Template t Microsoft Office Online ...................................................... 31 1.2.4. T o DataBase t u ............................................................................................. 33 1.2.5. T o m t DataBase r ng ........................................................................................ 33 1.2.6. Thm m t b ng vo Database............................................................................... 35 1.2.7. M m t Database t n t i.................................................................................. 42 1.2.8. N u khng tm th y Database c n m .................................................................. 44 1.2.9. M Database lm vi c g n y nh t..................................................................... 45 1.3. C g m i trong Microsoft Office Access 2007 ............................................................ 47 1.3.1. b t u nhanh hn ........................................................................................... 47 1.3.2. Microsoft Office fluent .......................................................................................... 51 1.3.3. Thm cc cng c m nh t o i t ng ............................................................ 54 1.3.4. Nh ng ki u d li u v i u khi n m i ................................................................. 57 1.3.5. Nng c p thi t k v cc cng c phn tch .......................................................... 58 1.3.6. Tng c ng an ninh .............................................................................................. 61 1.3.8. T t hn cch g r i v n ............................................................................... 63 1.3.9. Nng cao ch t l ng cc cng c Proofing ........................................................... 63 Bi 2. Lm vi c v i Table ....................................................................................................... 63 2.1. T ng qut ..................................................................................................................... 64 2.1.1. Thu c tnh c a b ng v tr ng ............................................................................ 64 2.1.2. Ki u d li u ........................................................................................................... 66 2.1.3. Quan h gi a cc b ng .......................................................................................... 67 2.1.4. Kha ...................................................................................................................... 67 2.1.5. L i ch c a vi c s d ng relationships.................................................................. 68 2.1.6. Tr c khi b n b t u .......................................................................................... 69 2.2. T o m i m t b ng ........................................................................................................ 69 2.3.1. T o b ng m i trong Database m i. ...................................................................... 69 2.3.2. T o b ng m i trong Database t n t i .............................................................. 71 2.3.3. S d ng b ng Template t o b ng .................................................................... 72 2.3.4. T o b ng m i s Template ................................................................................... 72 2.3.5. Thi t l p kha chnh cho b ng.............................................................................. 74 2.3.6. Thi t l p thu c tnh cho b ng ............................................................................... 77 2.3. Thm tr ng vo b ng ................................................................................................ 78 2.4.1. Thm tr ng khi ang nh p d li u .................................................................... 78 2.4.2. Thm tr ng s d ng tr ng Template .............................................................. 78 2.4.3. Thm tr ng t tr ng c a b ng khc................................................................ 80 2.4.4. Thi t l p thu c tnh cho tr ng ............................................................................ 84 Bi 3. Lm vi c v i Query ...................................................................................................... 91 3.1. Tm ki m m t nhm d li u trong b ng ..................................................................... 92 3.2. Xem d li u ng th i t nhi u b ng .......................................................................... 94

3.3. S d ng Parameters v i Query ................................................................................... 97 3.4. Th c hi n tnh ton trn c s d li u ...................................................................... 100 3.5. T ng h p ho c tnh t ng d li u ............................................................................... 103 3.6. T o m t b ng t nhi u b ng khc............................................................................. 106 3.7. Thm d li u vo b ng t nhi u b ng khc. ............................................................. 111 3.8. Thay i d li u t ng............................................................................................ 112 3.9. Xa d li u t d ng.................................................................................................... 113 Bi 4. Lm vi c v i Form ..................................................................................................... 114 4.1. T o Form.................................................................................................................... 114 4.2. Tm hi u v cc Controls. .......................................................................................... 120 4.3. Tm hi u v Control Layout. ..................................................................................... 121 4.4. Tm Layout View v Design View. ............................................................................ 124 4.5. Tinh ch nh Forn ......................................................................................................... 124 4.6. Thm Control ln Form ............................................................................................. 125 4.7. Lu l i cc cng vi c c a b n .................................................................................... 126 Bi 5. Lm vi c v i Report ................................................................................................... 129 5.1. L a ch n b n ghi ngu n. ........................................................................................... 129 5.2. T o bo co ................................................................................................................ 129 5.3. Tm hi u v Report section ........................................................................................ 135 5.4. Tm hi u v cc Control............................................................................................. 135 5.5. Tinh ch nh bo co ..................................................................................................... 135 5.6. Thm Control vo bo co......................................................................................... 135 5.7. Xem bo co ............................................................................................................... 135 5.8. In bo co ................................................................................................................... 139

Bi 1. C b n v Access 2007 1.1. Kh i ng, tm hi u giao di n Bi vi t ny bn v cc c i ti n trn giao di n ng i dng c a Microsoft Office Access 2007 (UI). Giao di n ng i dng m i c a Microsoft Office Access 2007 l k t qu c a vi c nghin c u k l ng v ki m tra r ng ri, n c thi t k lm cho vi c tm ki m nh ng l nh m b n c n tr nn d dng hn. B n s tm hi u v cc y u t m i trn giao di n ng i dng - nh ng g n cung c p v lm th no lm vi c v i chng. B n cng s tm hi u lm th no kch ho t tnh nng tabbed ti li u trong m t c s d li u, v lm th no nh h ng nh ng i t ng giao di n m i. Giao di n ng i s d ng m i trong Microsoft Access 2007 bao g m m t s cc y u t xc nh cch th c b n tng tc v i cc s n ph m. Nh ng y u t m i ny c ch n gip b n lm ch Access, v gip b n tm th y nhanh hn nh ng l nh m b n c n. Cch thi t k m i cng gip b n d dng khm ph cc tnh nng khc c th cn v n n d i l p thanh cng c v trnh n. B n cng s b t u nhan hn nh vo trang Getting Started trong Microsoft Office Access, trong cung c p cho b n kh nng ti p c n nhanh hn khi b n cha c nhi u ki n th c, bao g m m t b cc Tempate c thi t k chuyn nghi p. Y u t quan r ng nh t trn giao di n m i c g i l y u t Ribbon, n l m t ph n c a giao di n Microsoft Office fluent. Cc Ribbon tr i di pha trn cng c a c a s chng trnh v ch a cc nhm l nh. Microsoft Office fluent Ribbon cung c p cc l nh, nhm l nh thay th cho Menu v thanh cng c c i n. Trn Ribbon l cc Tab k t h p nh ng l nh c cng ngha. Ribbon chnh cc Tab chnh m b n th ng th y l Home, Create, External Data, and Database. M i Tab l i ch a cc nhm l nh c lin quan n nhau. Cc thnh ph n giao di n m i trong Microsoft Access 2007 l: - Getting Started with Microsoft Office Access: Trang ny c hi n th khi b n b t u v i Access. - Microsoft Office Fluent Ribbon: L khu v c th ch n cc l nh. pha trn cng c a c a s chng trnh, ni b n c

Tab Command: Nh ng l nh c cng ngha c k t h p v i nhau. + N i dung l nh Tab: M t th l nh xu t hi n ty thu c vo b i c nh, nh ng i t ng m b n ang lm vi c ho c cng vi c m b n ang th c hi n. + Gallery: L i u khi n hi n th m t s l a ch n tr c quan qua b n c th nhn th y nh ng k t qu m b n b n th c hi n. + Quick Access Toolbar: M t thanh cng c chu n trn Ribbon cho php ng i dng nh p chu t ch n t i nh ng l nh c n s d ng nh Save, Undo, . - Navigation Pane: N m khu v c bn tri c a s hi n th cc i t ng trong Database c a b n. Pane Navigation thay th c a s DataBase m b n th ng th y cc phin b n c c a Access. - Tabbed documents: Cc i t ng nh Table, Query, Form, Report, Page, v cc Macro c a b n c hi n th trong Tabbed Document. - Status bar: N m d i cng c a c a s chng trnh s hi n th cc thng tin tr ng thi v ho t ng, s ki n m b n v a thao tc, ngoi ra n cn ch a cc nt l nh cho php b n thay i ch hi n th i t ng hi n th i. 1.1.1. Kh i ng Microsoft Access 2007 kh i ng ng d ng b n c th lm theo cc cch sau: - T Desktop nh p p vo bi u t ng Microsoft Office Access 2007 (n u c).

- T thanh Start nh p ch n All Programs/Microsoft Office/Microsoft Office Access 2007.

- Cch th 3 b n nh p ch n Start/Run H p tho i xu t hi n nh p ch n nt Browse. Trong h p tho i ny b n tr t i ng d n: "C:\Program Files\Microsoft Office\ Office12\ MSACCESS.EXE" R i nh p Open.

Cu i cng nh p ch n Ok k t thc.

B ng m t trong 3 cch trn b n mn hnh lm vi c Microsoft Access 2007 s xu t hi n nh hnh d i y.

1.1.2. Getting Started with Microsoft Office Access Khi b n b t u v i Microsoft Access 2007, trang Getting Started with Microsoft Office Access s xu t hi n nh hnh d i y. Trang ny cho th y b n c th lm g b t u v i Microsoft Access 2007.

V d , b n c th t o m i m t DataBase tr ng, T o m t DataBase t Template, ho c m m t DataBase t n t i (n u b n m m t vi DataBase tr c ). B n cng c th truy c p tr c ti p t i Microsoft Office Online h c thm v v h th ng Microsoft Office 2007 v Microsoft

Access 2007, ho c b n cng c th nh p ch n nt Office Button m t DataBase t n t i trn a c ng.

v s d ng menu Open m

1.1.3. Ribbon Office Fluent Ribbon l m t s thay th chnh cho cc menu v thanh cng c v cung c p cc l nh chnh trn giao di n c a Microsoft Access 2007. M t trong nh ng l i ch chnh c a Ribbon l c ng c t p chung t t c cc yu c u v m t i m m tr c y n n m trn Menu, ToolBar, Task Pane v cc thnh ph n giao di n khc. V i Ribbon b n ch ph i quan tm t i m t ni ch a t t c cc l nh m b n c n lm vi c v i Microsoft Access 2007. Khi b n m i m t C s d li u, Ribbon s xu t hi n trn nh c a c a s chnh trong Office Access 2007.

Cc Ribbon ch a m t lo t cc Tab l nh c ch a l nh. Trong Microsoft Access 2007, Cc Tab l nh chnh l Home, Create, External Data, v Database Tools. M i tab ch a cc nhm l nh lin quan. Nh ng l nh trn Ribbon a vo ti kho n c a i t ng hi n ang ho t ng. V d , n u b n c m t b ng m Datasheet View v b n nh p chu t vo Form trn Tab Create, trong nhm Forms.

Microsoft Access 2007 s t o ra m t Form m i d a trn Table ang ho t ng. V tn tr ng s c g n vo thu c tnh Control Source c a t ng Control trn Form.

B n c th s d ng cc phm t t v i Ribbon. T t c cc phm t t phin b n tr c u c th s d ng trn phin b n ny. Keyboard Access System thay th cc menu nh ng phin b n c. y l h th ng s d ng cc ch s nh xu t hi n trn giao di n Ribbon nh ng phm no c th truy c p c cc ch c nng.

Khi b n ch n m t tab l nh, b n c th duy t qua cc l nh c s n trong tab . Ch n Tab l nh B c 1: Kh i ng Microsoft Access 2007 B c 2: Nh p chu t ch n tab c n s d ng ho c nh p phm ALT khi trn mn hnh s xu t hi n nh hnh d i y:

B n mu n ch n nt no th nh n phm tng ng nh h ng d n trn mn hnh. C r t nhi u cch khc nhau th c hi n m t l nh. Nhng nhanh v tr c ti p l cch s d ng cc t h p phm nng. N u b n t ng s d ng cc phm nng ny trong nhng phin b n tr c c a Access th b n s r t d dng khi lm vi c v i Microsoft Access 2007. Th c hi n m t l nh B c 1: Kh i ng Access B c 2: Nh p ch n Tab thch h p tng ng v i l nh c n s d ng. B ng d i y l m t s l nh chung nh t trong cc Tab trn Ribbon, tuy nhin cc Tab l nh cng s thay i ty thu c vo nh ng g b n ang lm vi c.

Tab l nh Home

Nh ng i u b n c th lm Ch n ch hi n th Sao chp v dn t Clipboard t l i Font ch hi n t i t l i Alignment cho n i dung nh d ng l i n i dung cho tr ng Memo Lm vi c v i b n ghi (Refresh, New, Save, Delete, Totals, Spelling). S p x p v l c b n ghi Tm ki m b n ghi.

Create

T o m t Table m i T o m t b ng m i s d ng Template T o m i m t b ng tr ng view. ch Design

T o m i m t Form d a trn Table ho c Query ang ho t ng. T o m i m t b ng ho c m t bi u pivot. T o m i m t bo co d a trn m t b ng ho c m t Query ang ho t ng. T o m i m t Query, Macro, Module ho c m t Class Module External Data Import ho c lin k t v i d ngoi. K t xu t d li u Thu th p v c p nh t d li u t Email Lm vi c v i danh sch offline li u bn

SharePoint. Di chuy n m t s hay ton b cc ph n c a c s d li u t i m t SharePoint site m i ho c t n t i tr c . Database Tools Ch y Visual Basic editor ho c ch y macro. T o v hi n th m i lin k t gi a cc b ng. n, hi n i t ng ph thu c ho c thu c tnh c a Sheet Ch y Database Documenter ho c phn tch hi u su t Di chuy n d li u t i Microsoft SQL Server ho c t i c s d li u khc. Ch y Linked Table Manager. Manage Access add-ins. T o vo s a cc Module Visual Basic for Applications (VBA). B c 3: Nh p chu t ch n tab c n s d ng ho c nh p phm ALT khi trn mn hnh s xu t hi n cc ch d n, b n mu n ch n nt no th nh n phm tng ng nh h ng d n trn mn hnh. Contextual command tabs Ngoi nh ng Tab l nh chu n, Microsoft Access 2007 cn s d ng m t thnh ph n giao di n m i trong Office Professional 2007 c g i l contextual command tab. Ty thu c vo b i c nh c a b n (c ngha l, i t ng m b n ang lm vi c v nh ng g b n ang lm), m t ho c nhi u Contextual command tabs c th xu t hi n bn c nh cc Tab l nh chu n.

Kh i ng m t contextual command tab B c 1: Nh p phm Alt khi ny cc k t i di n s xu t hi n trn t ng ch c nng. B c 2: Nh n phm xu t hi n trn cc Contextual command tabs c n ch n.

Cc contextual command tabs ch a l nh v cc tnh nng m b n c n ph i lm vi c trong m t b i c nh c th . V d , khi b n m m t b ng trong thi t k xem, cc l nh trn contextual command tab ch p d ng khi b n lm vi c v i b ng ch . M t v d khc, khi b n m m t b ng ch Design View, m t contextual command tabs tn l Design xu t hi n ti p theo l Tab Advanced Tools. Khi b n nh p ch n Tab Design, Ribbon hi n th nh ng l nh c tc d ng ch trn nh ng i t ng ch Design View. Galleries M t s i m i khc v l m t ph n quan tr ng trong giao di n m i c a Microsoft Access 2007 v cc Control m i c g i l gallery. Cc gallery Control c thi t k lm vi c v i Ribbon v h ng s ch c a b n t i nh ng k qu s n c. Thay v ch hi n th l nh cc gallery Control cho th y k t qu c a vi c s d ng cc l nh . M c ch l cung c p cch nhn tr c quan gip b n c th duy t qua v xem nh ng g Microsoft Access 2007 c th lm. V nh v y b n s ch quan tm t i k t qu thay v ph i suy ngh xem l nh s th c hi n nh ng g.

Galleries c hnh d ng v kch c khc nhau. Cc k t qu c b tr trn m t b ng xu ng cho php ng i dng l a ch n n hi n cc Ribbon i khi, b n c th c n thm m t cht khng gian, kho ng tr ng cho khu v c lm vi c c a b n. B n c th lm cho cc Ribbon thu nh l i trn mn hnh ch cn cc Bar v cc Tab l nh. lm c i u ny b n ch c n nh p p chu t vo Ribbon, khi c n chng hi n ra b n hy lm tng t nh v y m t l n n a. Ban u

Sau khi lm n cc Ribbon

1.1.4. Thanh cng c Quick Access L thanh cng c nh m c nh n m k bn Ribbon, b n nh p chu t tr c ti p vo l nh c n s d ng. Cc l nh m c nh thanh cng c l nh ng l nh b n th ng s d ng nh Save, Undo, Redo. Tuy nhin, b n c th ty ch nh thanh cng c Quick Access, b n cng c th b xung cc l nh khc ln . B n cng c th thay i v tr, kch th c c a thanh cng c . Khi b n thay i v tr c a thanh cng c ny xu ng pha d i c a Ribbon kch th c n s c ko r ng.

Ty bi n thanh cng c Quick Access Nh p chu t vo h p tho i xu ng bn c nh thanh cng c B c 1: Trong h p tho i xu ng Customize Quick Access Toolbar nh p ch n m t s l nh th ng ch c li t k s n nh Open, E-Mail, Quick Print, ho c nh p ch n More Commands, khi ny h p tho i Access Option xu t hi n. B c 2: Trong h p tho i ny b n ch n l nh c n thm vo ToolBar r i nh p Add, ho c lm ng c l i lo i b t l nh trong ToolBar.

B c 3: Cu i cng nh p Ok hon t t.

Sau khi thay i b n s c c ToolBar nh mu n. 1.1.5. Navigation Pane Khi b n t o m i ho c m m t DataBase, tn cc i t ng trong DataBase c a b n s n m trong Navigation Pane. Cc i t ng ny bao g m cc Table, Form, Report, Page, Macro, Module. Navigation Pane thay th cho c a DataBase c s d ng trong cc phin b n tr c c a Access. N u nh tr c y b n s d ng c a s DataBase lm vi c th by gi trong Microsoft Access 2007 b n s s d ng Pane Navigation lm nh ng vi c . V d n u b n mu n thm m t trong vo b ng ch DataSheet View, b n m b ng t Navigation Pane.

 m ho c th c thi m t l nh cho m t i t ng trn DataBase b n nh p ph i chu t vo i t ng , m t Menu tng ng s xu t hi n b n ch n l nh c n th c hi n.

N i dung c a cc Context Menu ny ty thu c vo ng c nh m b n ang lm vi c. D i y l cc cch m m t i t ng trong DataBase v d nh Table, Form ho c Report.

Cch 1: T Navigation Pane ch n i t ng c n thao tc r i nh p phm Enter, ho c nh p p chu t. Cch 2: T Navigation Pane ch n i t ng c n thao tc r i nh p ph i chu t, trong Menu xu ng ch n l nh c n th c hi n. Ch : B n c th t ty ch n m m t i t ng ch b ng m t ng tc nh p chu t trong c a s Navigation Option.

b t h p tho i ny b n nh p ph i chu t ln ph n ch All Access Objects trn Navigation Option, ch n Navigation Options

Trong m c Open Objects With b n tch ch n Single-click. Cu i cng nh p Ok hon t t. Navigation Pane chia cc i t ng trong DataBase c a b n thnh cc m c khc nhau, v m i danh m c ch a m t nhm cc i t ng. M t s m c nh b n th y khi l n u tin lm vi c v i Pane ny c t o s n, b n hon ton c th thm vo cc nhm c a ring mnh. u tin b n m h p tho i Navigation Option nh ph n tr c.

m c Categories b n ch n Custom r i nh p Add Group sau nh p vo tn c a nhm m i.

Nh p Enter xc nh n r i nh p Ok hon t t, nh v y b n c m t nhm m i trong Navigation Pane, b n c th ch a cc i t ng m i m mnh t o ra. V m c nh Pane Navigation ang s p x p theo Objects Type nn b n khng th th y c nhm m i m mnh v a t o ra, b n c n ph i s p x p l i theo Custom.

Sau khi ch n ki u s p x p ny Pane Navigation s nh hnh d i y:

M c nh Navigation Pane xu t hi n khi b n m m t DataBase trong Microsoft Access 2007, cng nh cc DataBase c t o phin b n tr c. Tuy nhin b n c th thi t l p l i ch cho Pane Navigation. D i y l cc b c th c hi n. Hi n th ho c n Navigation Pane Nh p nt pha trn bn gc ph i c a Pane Navigation B c 1: Nh p chu t vo nt Microsoft Office Button ho c nh n phm F11. sau ch n Access Option.

B c 2: Bn pha tri Pane nh p ch n Current DataBase.

B c 3: Trong h p tho i ny pha d i m c Navigation b n b tch m c Display Navigation Pane n u khng mu n Pane ny xu t hi n khi m DataBase v ng c l i n u n xu t hi n m c nh. Cu i cng nh p Ok hon t t. 1.1.6. Tab document B t u v i Microsoft Access 2007 b n c th hi n th cc i t ng trong c s d li u c a mnh trn cc Tab Document thay v n m ch ng cho trn cc c a s . V i Tab Document s gip b n thu n l i hn khi ph i lm vi c th ng xuyn v i cc i t ng, tuy nhin b n c th s d ng ho c khng s d ng giao di n Tab Document b ng cch thi t l p trong Access Option. Sau b n ph i ng v m l i DataBase thi t l p m i c hi u l c.

n hi n ch Tab Document. B c 1: Nh p ch n nt Microsoft Office Button , sau ch n Access Options.

H p tho i Access Option xu t hi n. B c 2: Bn pha tri Pane nh p ch n Current DataBase. B c 3: Trong ph n Application Options, d i m c Document Window Options b n tch ho c b tch ch n t t b t ch ny.

B c 4: Nh p Ok hon t t. Ch : Thi t l p Display Document Tabs khng ph i l ty ch n ton c c n ch c tc d ng trn DataBase m b n ang thao tc. V v y n u b n mu n thi t l p cho cc DataBase khc b n ph i th c hi n l i t u. Sau khi thay i thi t l p Display Document Tabs. B n c n ph i ng r i m l i DataBase c a mnh th y nh ng thay i c tc d ng.

Nh ng DataBase m i c t o b i Microsoft Access 2007 c gn m c nh ch Document.

Tab

Nh ng DataBase c t o t cc phin b n tr c c a Access s c g n m c nh ch cc c a s ring r . 1.1.7. Status bar Cng gi ng nh nh ng phin b n tr c c a Access, v i Microsoft Access 2007, b n c th hi n th thanh tr ng thi d i y c a c a s hi n th i. N ti p t c l m t thnh ph n chu n trong ng d ng gip ng i dng c th th y cc thng bo tr ng thi, thu c tnh, g i , v i Microsoft Access 2007, thanh tr ng ngoi nh ng ch c nng k trn n cn m nhi m hai ch c nng chu n khc m b n c th tm th y trong t t c cc ng d ng c a b Office 2007 l View (ch n ch hi n th ) v Zoom (phng to, thu nh ). B n c th d dng chuy n i gi a cc ch hi n th c a s Window b ng cch s d ng cc i u khi n s n c trn thanh Status Bar.

N u b n ang hi n th m t m t i t ng c cung c p kh nng Zoom, b n c th i u ch nh cc m c Zoom phng to ho c thu nh i t ng, hay c th s d ng thanh tr t trn thanh tr ng thi

Thanh tr ng thi c th t t b t d dng v i ty ch nh trong h p tho i Access Option. D i y l cc b c hi n th ho c n i thanh tr ng thi. B c 1: Nh p ch n nt Microsoft Office Button , sau ch n Access Options.

H p tho i Access Option xu t hi n. B c 2: Bn pha tri Pane nh p ch n Current DataBase. B c 3: D i m c Application Options, ch n ho c h y ch n Display Status Bar t t ho c b t Status Bar.

B c 4: Cu i cng nh p Ok hon t t. 1.1.8. Mini toolbar M t trong nh ng thao tc ph bi n trong cc chng trnh Office Professional l nh d ng vn b n. Trong cc phin b n tr c y c a Access, nh d ng vn b n chng trnh lun yu c u s d ng m t trnh n ho c m t thanh cng c hi n th cc nh d ng. V i Microsoft Access 2007, b n c th nh d ng vn b n m t cch d dng hn b ng cch s d ng Mini ToolBar. Khi b n ch n cho cc nh d ng vn b n, cc Mini Toolbar t ng xu t hi n trn vn b n c l a ch n.

N u b n di chuy n con chu t tr n g n cc nt l nh trn thanh Mini Toolbar chng s sng ln v cho php b n c th s d ng n p d ng cc nh d ng nh Bold, Italic, Font Size, Color cho vn b n.

1.1.9. T o Database u tin T o m t DataBase m i r ng B c 1: B t u v i Microsoft Access 2007 t Menu Start ho c t Shortcut. Trang Getting Started with Microsoft Office Access s xu t hi n. B c 2: Trn trang Getting Started with Microsoft Office Access d i m c New Blank DataBase nh p ch n Blank DataBase.

B c 3: Trn Pane Blank DataBase, trong h p File Name g vo tn t p tin .accdb

B c 4: Nh p Create. Sau 4 b c trn m t DataBase v i tn t p tin l Minh_Lam.accdb s c t o v m t b ng m i c m trong Datasheet view. Microsoft Access 2007 cung c p m t s Template v i m t s s n ph m, v b n c th t i v nhi u hn t Microsoft Office Online. V y Template l g? Trong b i c nh Microsoft Office Access 2007, l m t DataBase c thi t l p hon ch nh t tr c v i cc Table, Form, v Report chuyn nghi p. Cc Template em n cho b n m t s kh i u nhanh hn khi b n b t u t o l p m t DataBase m i. T o DataBase m i t Template B c 1: Kh i ng Microsoft Access 2007 t thanh Start ho c t Shortcut. Trang Getting Started with Microsoft Office Access s xu t hi n nh hnh d i y.

B c 2: Trn trang Getting Started with Microsoft Office Access d i m c Featured Online Templates, nh p ch n m t m u Template, gi s y chng ta ch n Assets. B c 3: Trong h p File Name, g vo tn file v i ph n m r ng l .accdb.

B c 4: Ty ch n, nh p ch n Create and link your database to a Windows SharePoint Services site n u b n mu n lin k t t i trang web Windows SharePoint Services. B c 5: Nh p ch n Create ho c Download. Access t o m t DataBase m i t Template v m n. B n c th Download thm cc m u Template tr c ti p t Office Online.

T o DataBase t Microsoft Office Online Template B c 1: Kh i ng Access t menu Start ho c t Shortcut. Trang Getting Started with Microsoft Office Access xu t hi n. B c 2: Trn trang Getting Started with Microsoft Office Access, trong Template Categories bn pha tri, nh p vo m t lo i v sau , khi b n m u xu t hi n trong danh m c, nh p ch n m t lo i c n t o.

B c 3: Trong m c File Name nh p vo tn File DataBase.

B c 4: Check vo m c Create and link your database to a Windows SharePoint Services site n u mu n k t n i DataBase c a b n t i Windows SharePoint Services. B c 5: Cu i cng nh p Download t i v my. Access t ng Download m u v my tnh c a b n v t o m t DataBase m i d a trn Template, sau m DataBase ny. Khi b n (ho c t o v m ) m t DataBase, Access thm tn File v ng d n c a DataBase vo danh sch vn b n c s d ng. y l danh sch c hi n th trn trang Getting Started with Microsoft Office Access nn b n c th d dng m l i nh ng DataBase b n s d ng g n y nh t m t cch d dng. M m t DataBase s d ng g n y nh t B c 1: Kh i d ng Microsoft Access 2007 B c 2: Trn trang Getting Started with Microsoft Office Access pha d i m c Open Recent DataBase nh p ch n DataBase m b n mu n m .

M m t DataBase s d ng nt Microsoft Office Access B c 1: Kh i ng Access B c 2: Nh p ch n Microsoft Office Button nh n xu t hi n Pane bn ph i. , sau nh p ch n DataBase m b n c n m , n u

Ho c nh p ch n Open, h p tho i xu t hi n ch n n DataBase c n m r i nh p Open.

Nh v y b n m c m t c s d li u c s n.

1.2. B t u lm vi c v i c s d li u 1.2.1. L n u tin s d ng Access Office Access 2007 v i nh ng ch c nng m i lm cho qu trnh t o ra m t c s d li u d dng hn bao gi h t. Nh ng ng i dng t o ra nh ng c s d li u trong Access cc phin b n tr c s nh gi r t cao nh ng c i ti n m i ny v nh chng m qu trnh t o ra cc i t ng c tng t c ng k . Khi b n b t u v i Microsoft Access 2007, mn hnh u tin xu t hi n l trang Getting Started with Microsoft Office Access (tr tr ng h p b n kh i ng Access b ng cch nh p p chu t vo m t file Database Access c th no , khi Access s kh i ng ty vo t ng tr ng h p c th ). Trang Getting Started with Microsoft Office Access l i m kh i u gip b n c th t o ra m t DataBase m i, m m t DataBase t n t i, ho c hi n th n i dung c trng t Microsoft Office Online. 1.2.2. T o m t DataBase s d ng Template. Access cung c p cho b n r t nhi u m u Template m b n c th s d ng y nhanh qu trnh t o ra nh ng nh ng DataBase c a ring mnh. M t Template l m t DataBase s n sng s d ng m n i dung c a n bao g m cc Table, Query, Form, Report c n cho m t cng vi c c th .

V d , c nh ng m u Template m b n c th s d ng qu n l danh b , ho c theo di chi ph, Cc Database Tempate c th s d ng v i nh ng g n c ho c b n c th ty bi n cho chng ph h p hn v i nhu c u m b n c n. B c 1: Kh i ng Access n u b n cha m . Trong tr ng h p b n ang m m t DataBase b n nh p chu t vo nt Microsoft Office Button v ch n Close Database trang Getting Started with Microsoft Office Access. c th hi n th

Mn hnh chnh c a Microsoft Access 2007 v trang Getting Started with Microsoft Office Access s hi n th nh hnh d i y.

B c 2: M t vi Template c hi n th pha d i m c Featured Online Templates trn trang Getting Started with Microsoft Office Access

 c nhi u hn b n nh p chu t vo Template Categories

bn tri c a c a s Access.

Ngoi ra b n c th t i v t Website c a Microsoft Ofice.

B c 3: Nh p chu t vo Template m b n mu n s d ng. B c 4: Trong Pane bn ph i c a s Access, Access yu c u b n nh p vo tn cho DataBase trong h p File Name.

B n cng c th s a l i ng d n m c nh thnh ng d n khc b ng cch nh p vo nt (Browse for a location ). Ty ch n Create your database and link it to a Microsoft Windows SharePoint Services site cho php b n lin k t tr c ti p DataBase t i Website c a Microsoft Windows SharePoint Services.

B c 5: Nh p Create (ho c Download, cho tr ng h p b n t i cc Template online) hon t t V i cc b c trn Access s t o v m DataBase. M t Form c m v b n c th b t u nh p li u cho DataBase.

Ch : N u n i dung Template c d li u m u b n c th xa chng i theo cc b c d i y: - Nh p chu t vo dng u tin c a b n ghi m b n mu n xa. - Trong Tab Home tm t i ph n Record nh p ch n Delete.

B c 6: b t u nh p d li u, nh p chu t vo dng tr ng u tin trn Form v sau c th b t u nh p d li u. Sau khi nh p vo m t vo b n ghi b n c th s d ng Pane Navigation xem li u c m t Form ho c m t Report khc m b n mu n s d ng.

1.2.3. T i cc Template t Microsoft Office Online

N u b n khng th tm th y m t m u ph h p v i yu c u c a mnh trn trang Getting Started with Microsoft Office Access, b n c th khm ph trn Web Office Online s c r t nhi u l a ch n cho b n. B c 1: Kh i ng Access n u b n cha m . Trong tr ng h p b n ang m m t DataBase b n nh p chu t vo nt Microsoft Office Button v ch n Close Database trang Getting Started with Microsoft Office Access. c th hi n th

B c 2: G n pha cu i c a trang Getting Started with Microsoft Office Access v d i ph n More on Office Online b n nh p ch n Templates.

Website Office Online s xu t hi n hi n trong m t trnh duy t m i.

B c 3: S d ng cc cng c tm ki m trn trang web c a Office Online tm v t i v cc m u m b n mu n. B c 4: N u b n t i v m t m u m i, DataBase s c lu tr y: - V i Windows Vista: c:\Users\user name\Documents - V i Microsoft Windows Server 2003 ho c Microsoft Windows XP: c:\Documents and Settings\user name\My Documents. Sau khi c n lm vi c v i cc c s d li u ny, b n c th s d ng Access ho c Windows Explorer m n ra ng d n lu tr c . 1.2.4. T o DataBase t u N u khng c m t Template no ph h p v i yu c u c a b n, ho c b n c d li u trong m t chng trnh khc m b n mu n Import vo Access, b n hy ch c ch n r ng n l t t hn l vi c ra m t c s d li u t u. i v i h u h t cc ng d ng, i u ny th ng lin quan n m t trong hai v n sau y: - T o cc b ng m i, sau nh p d li u, v dn d li u ho c Import d li u vo cc b ng . - Import d li u t m t ngu n khc v cc b ng s c t o ra trong qu trnh . 1.2.5. T o m t DataBase r ng B c 1: Kh i ng Access B c 2: Trn trang Getting Started with Microsoft Office Access nh p ch n Blank Database. m t trong s cc th m c sau

B c 3: Trong Pane Blank DataBase hy nh p vo tn cho DataBase trong m c File Name, n u b n khng i n ph n m r ng cho File th Access s t ng i n thm.

M c nh chng trnh s lu File t i ng d n: - Windows Vista: c:\Users\user name\Documents - Microsoft Windows Server 2003 ho c Microsoft Windows XP: c:\Documents and Settings\user name\My Documents

 thay i ng d n ch a t p tin, nh p ch n nt Browse bn c nh vo File Name, m t h p tho i s xu t hi n cho php b n ch n ng d n m i, nh p Ok sau khi ch n xong. B c 4: Nh p Create hon t t. Sau cc b c trn Access s t o ra m t DataBase m i v m s n n v i m t b ng tr ng DataSheet View cho b n thi t k . B c 5: V tr con tr chu t c a Access t t i tr ng u tin trn c t Add New Field. ch

thm d li u b n c th nh p vo ho c Copy d li u t nh ng ngu n khc. Ch : Vi c nh p d li u ch Datasheet View c thi t k tng t nh nh p d li u trong Wooksheet Excel. Nh ng h n ch ch y u l d li u nh p vo ph i c nh p cc dng, c t li n nhau, b t u gc trn bn tri c a Datasheet. B n khng nn c g ng nh d ng d li u nh p vo c cc hng ho c c t tr ng, b i v lm nh v y s gy lng ph b nh nh trong cc b ng. C u trc c a b ng d li u c t o trong khi b n nh p d li u vo n. T i m t th i i m b t k b n hon ton c th thm m t c t m i vo b ng, khi m t tr ng m i s c nh ngha. Access thi t l p ki u d li u cho tr ng m i d a vo ki u c a d li u m b n nh p vo.V d , n u b n c m t c t m trong b n ch nh p gi tr ngy thng, Access s thi t l p ki u d li u c a tr ng l Data/Time. Sau ny gi s b n c g ng nh p vo tr ng ny m t gi tr khng ph i ngy thng (ch ng h n nh l tn ho c m t s i n tho i no ), Access s hi n th thng bo r ng gi tr c a b n khng h p l . V v y, khi c th , b n nn phn tch l i b ng d li u c a mnh sao cho m i tr ng ch ch a cng m t lo i d li u, cho d l vn b n, ngy thng, s i n tho i, .... i u ny lm cho vi c xy d ng cc Query, Form, Report (l y d li u t nh ng b ng ny) sau ny s tr nn d dng v thu n ti n hn r t nhi u. N u b n khng quan tm n vi c nh p d li u vo th i i m ny, hy nh p vo nt Close 1.2.6. Thm m t b ng vo Database B n c th thm m t b ng m i vo Database t n t i b ng cch s d ng cng c trong nhm Tables trn Tab Create. .

Nh p chu t vo nt Table t o m t b ng tr ng m i ch Datasheet View. Sau b n hon ton c th nh p ngay d li u vo b ng v Access s t o ra c u trc b ng cho b n khi b n thot ra, ho c b n c th s d ng Design View t o ra c u trc b ng tr c sau chuy n v ch Datasheet View nh p d li u. B t k b n b t u lm vi c v i b ng ch no b n u c th chuy n sang nh ng ch hi n th khc b ng cch s d ng nt View trn thanh tr ng thi.

Thm m t b ng, b t u

ch Datasheet view :

Trong Datasheet View, b n c th nh p ngay d li u, v Access s xy d ng c u trc cho b ng d a trn nh ng d li u . Tn tr ng c t l n l t (Field1, Field2, ), v cc ki u d li u c Access t ng thi t l p ty thu c vo lo i d li u m b n nh p vo cc tr ng. B c 1: Trn Tab Create trong nhm Tables nh p ch n Table .

B c 2: Sau b c ny Access s t o ra m t b ng v t v tr con tr t i tr ng u tin c a c t Add New Field.

Ch : N u b n khng nhn th y c t c tn l Add New Field, c th b n v n ang ch Design View ch khng ph i DataSheet View. chuy n qua ch hi n th ny b n nh p p chu t vo b ng trn thanh Pane Navigation. Access s nh c b n nh p vo tn cho b ng v chuy n sang ch hi n th Datasheet view. B c 3: Trn Tab DataSheet, trong nhm Field & Columns nh p ch n New Field .

Access hi n th Pane Field Templates, trong pane ny ch a danh sch cc ki u tr ng th ng c s d ng.

N u b n ko th m t trong s chng ln DataSheet c a b n, Acces s t ng thm tr ng vo b ng v i tn l tn c a ki u d li u i v i cc tr ng c b n v tn nh tr ng g c n u n c l y t cc b ng khc. Ngoi ra Access cng thi t l p nh ng thu c tnh ph h p cho t ng tr ng. B n c n ph i ko v th tr ng vo ph n ch a d li u trn DataSheet.

Nh hnh nh trn cc b n c th th y tr ng c tn Checkbox c l y t Basic Field v tr ng Description c l y t m t b ng c s n trong c s d li u. B c 4: nh p li u vo b ng, b t u g t tr ng u tin ho c b n cng c th dn d li u t m t ngu n d li u khc. Ch : - i tn m t c t b n nh p p chu t vo ph n tiu c a c t, sau g vo tn m i.

Tn tr ng b n v a t s l n i dung hi n th tr ng trn Pane Field List. - di chuy n m t c t, b n hy ch n n b ng cch nh p chu t ln ph n tiu c a c t v ko th n m t v tr b t k trn DataSheet. B n cng c th ch n nhi u c t m t lc v di chuy n chng n v tr m i. Chn thm m t b ng b t u ch Design View: ch Design View, u tin b n t o m t c u trc b ng m i, sau b n chuy n sang ch DataSheet nh p li u, ho c b n c th nh p d li u vo b ng b ng nh ng phng th c khc nh dn vo ho c chn thm. B c 1: Trn Tab Create trong nhm Tables nh p ch n Table Design .

Sau b c ny trn mn hnh xu t hi n m t b ng m i

ch Design.

B c 2: i v i m i tr ng trong b ng, b n nh p tn tr ng trong c t Field Name, sau l a ch n ki u d li u trong danh sch Data Type.

Ch : N u b n khng nhn th y c t Field Name v c t Data Type, c th b n ang ch DataSheet thay v ch hi n th Design View, hy nh p chu t vo nt Design View trn thanh tr ng thi c a c a s Access.

Access s a ra thng bo yu c u b n nh p tn m i cho b ng v sau t ng chuy n v ch Design View. B c 3: N u mu n, b n c th nh p vo thng tin di n gi i cho cc tr ng c t Description. Nh ng thng tin ny s hi n th trn thanh tr ng thi khi b n nh p d li u vo tr ng . V b n cng c th s d ng n i dung trn thanh tr ng thi cho b t c i u khi n no trn Form ho c Report m b n t o ra b ng cch ko th tr ng t Pane Field List.

B c 4: Sau khi thm vo t t c cc tr ng c n thi t, b n hy lu b ng l i b ng cch nh p ch n nt Microsoft Office Button r i ch n Save ho c nh p t h p phm Ctrl+S.

B c 5: Sau b c ny b n c th nh p d li u vo b ng b t c khi no b n chuy n sang ch hi n th Datasheet View.

ch ny b n di chuy n t i u tin v nh p l n l t d li u cho t ng b n ghi. Ngoi ra b n cng c th dn d li u vo b ng t m t ngu n d li u khc. N u sau khi nh p m t s d li u vo b ng, b n l i ch t nh c n ph i thm m t ho c m t s tr ng n a m i ph h p. Thay v vi c chuy n v ch Design View nh lc ban u thi t k b n g th ng d li u vo c t Add New Field ch hi n th Datasheet View.

Ho c b n cng c thm m t tr ng m i b ng cch nh p ch n nt l nh New Field trong nhm Fields & Column c a Tab Datasheet.

1.2.7. M m t Database t n t i B c 1: Nh p ch n nt Microsoft Office Button , sau ch n Open.

B c 2: Tm t i th m c c ch a Database r i nh p ch n DataBase c n m .

B c 3: Khi tm th y v nh p ch n Database c n m b n c th lm theo m t trong cc cch sau y: - M Database ch m c nh c a chng trnh: B n nh p p chu t vo Database . - M Database cho php chia s nhi u ng i dng (chia s nhi u ng i dng: L m t Database cho php nhi u hn m t ng i s d ng c th truy c p vo s a i, nh p li u t i cng m t th i i m) trong m t mi tr ng: Cho php c b n v nh ng ng i dng khc c th c v ghi vo c s d li u cng m t lc b n hy nh p Open. - M Database ch Read-only (ch c): B n c th xem d li u nhng khng th ch nh s a c n hy nh p chu t vo mi tn ch xu ng d c theo nt Open/Open Read-only.

- M Database c php Exclusive ( c quy n): Khng c m t ng i no khc c th m Database ny trong khi b n ang m n. m theo ch ny b n nh p mi tn d c theo nt Open ch n Open Exclusive.

- M Database ch Exclusive Read-only ( c quy n v ch c): ch ny khi b n m m t Database b n ch c th c d li u v nh ng ng i khc th khng th m l i n. M ch ny b n ch n mi tn d c theo nt Open/Open Exclusive Read-only.

1.2.8. N u khng tm th y Database c n m B c 1: Trong h p tho i Open, nh p chu t ch n bi u t ng ng t t My Computer ho c trong h p Look in nh p ch n My Computer.

B c 2: Trong danh sch a, nh p chu t ph i vo ang tm ki m ch n Search.

a m b n cho l c ch a Database m b n

B c 3: C a s tm ki m c a Window xu t hi n. Nh p vo i u ki n tm ki m v sau nh n Enter tm c s d li u.

B c 4: N u tm th y, m b n hy nh p p chu t vo d li u trong h p tho i Search Results. B c 5: V tm ki m c b t u t h p tho i Open, nn b n ph i nh p chu t vo Cancel t t h p tho i Open tr c khi m Database. Ch : B n c th m tr c ti p m t file d li u ngoi nh d ng m t t p tin (nh l dBASE, Paradox, Microsoft Exchange, or Excel). B n cng c th tr c ti p m b t c d li u ngu n ODBC no, nh l Microsoft SQL Server ho c Microsoft FoxPro. Access s t ng t o ra m t c s d li u m i trong cng m t th m c nh l cc t p tin d li u, v thm nh ng lin k t cho m i b ng trong c s d li u bn ngoi. 1.2.9. M Database lm vi c g n y nh t B n hy nh p chu t vo tn m t File trong danh sch Open Recent Database trn trang Getting Started with Microsoft Office Access.

 m m t trong nh ng Database m b n lm g n y nh t, b n hy nh p chu t vo tn c a Database trong danh sch Open Recent Database trn trang Getting Started with Microsoft Office Access. Access s m Database v thi t l p nh ng ty ch n nh l n cu i cng b n lm vi c v i n. N u trong danh sch cc file c s d ng trong th i gian g n y khng c hi n th , b n hy nh p vo nt Microsoft Office , v sau nh p ch n Access Options

H p tho i Access Options xu t hi n, nh p vo m c Advanced, trong c a s gi a h p tho i d i m c Display ch n vo h p TextBox Recently used file list nh p vo s s file c n lu l i trong danh sch cc t p tin m t i a l 9.

N u b n ang m m t Database b ng cch nh p ch n nt Microsoft Office Button ch n nt Open. B n c th hi n th ng t t t i danh sch Database m b n m tr c b ng cch nh p chu t vo m c My Recent Documents trong h p tho i Open.

1.3. C g m i trong Microsoft Office Access 2007 Microsoft Office Access 2007 cung c p m t b cng c m nh m gip b n nhanh chng b t u theo di, bo co, v chia s thng tin. B n c th nhanh chng t o ra s c h p d n v cc ch c nng theo di cc ng d ng ty bi n c a m t trong nhi u b Templates d ng s n, chuy n i m t c s d li u hi n c, ho c t o ra m t c s d li u m i, v b n c th lm nh v y m khng c n ph i trang b qu nhi u ki n th c v c s d li u. 1.3.1. b t u nhanh hn Microsoft Office Access 2007 cung c p cc Templates m b n c th d dng t o ra c s d li u, b ng bi u, v cc tr ng. Ngoi ra cn c nh ng cng c hi n th v thi t k m i gip b n trong qu trnh t o C s d li u m i v lm vi c v i d li u. C s d li u m u xy d ng hon ch nh cc ng d ng Microsoft Access 2007 cung c p m t b c s d li u bao g m cc m u thi t k chuyn nghi p gip b n c th theo di a ch lin l c, nhi m v , s ki n, h c sinh, ti s n, v nhi u ki u d li u khc. B n c th s d ng ngay l p t c ho c c i ti n v tinh ch nh chng cho ph h p v i yu c u qu n l c a mnh.

Trn trang Getting Started with Microsoft Office Access xu t hi n khi kh i ng ng d ng b n c th d dng t o m t DataBase m i b ng cch nh p ch n Blank DataBase.

Ho c nhanh chng b t u t o ra c s d li u c a b n b ng cch m m t trong nh ng b n m u n m trong m c Featured online Templates. M i DataBase Templates l m t ng d ng tng i hon ch nh v i m t bi ton chung. Chng bao g m cc Table, Form, Report, Query, Macro v cc m i quan h gi a cc b ng. Nh ng DataBase Template ny cho php b n c th s d ng chng ngay l p t c n u b n cho l c u trc c a n p ng c yu c u qu n l c a mnh. N u v n cha b n c s d ng, k th a chng t o ra nh ng c s d li u ph h p hn yu c u mnh.

Ngoi cc Template m Microsoft Access 2007 cung c p b n cng c th k t n i v i Microsoft Office Online c th t i v cc Template khc. Field v Table Templates Thay v vi c b r t nhi u th i gian thi t k cc tr ng b n c th s d ng l i cc tr ng d ng s n (File Templates) v i tn, ki u d li u v cc thu c tnh c nh ngha t tr c. B n c th ko th tr c ti p cc tr ng m b n c n trong Panel Fields Templates vo m t Datasheet. Cc tr ng c t o ra d a trn (Based on) cc file XML schema (. Xsd) gip b n c th thi t l p, xy d ng thnh nh ng nh ngha chu n c a ring mnh v chia s s d ng trong phng ho c nhm lm vi c.

Ngoi ra, Microsoft Office Access 2007 cn bao g m cc Table th ng c s d ng trong c s d li u. V d , b n c th s d ng Contacts table template thm Table Contacts vo c s d li u c a b n. B ng ny bao g m cc tr ng nh Last Name, First Name, and Address. Cc thu c tnh c a nh ng tr ng ny cng c thi t l p s n b n c th s d ng ngay chng. Cn c cc b ng m u c s n khc nh Tasks, Issues, Events, v Assets. Nng c p Datasheet view V i Microsoft Access 2007 b n c th d dng t o m t b ng d li u b ng cch nh p ch n Tab Create r i ch n Table.

Microsoft Access 2007 s t ng xc nh ki u d li u ph h p nh t cho m i tr ng sau khi b n g xong d li u v di chuy n qua n. thm m t tr ng m i b n nh p chu t t i c t cu i cng (Add new field) v thay i d li u trn n.

V n u b n c n thay i ki u d li u ho c nh d ng ki u d li u hi n th c a m t tr ng m i hay m t tr ng c b n c th s d ng cc nt ch c nng trn thanh Ribbon. N l m t ph n c a giao di n ng i dng Microsoft Office fluent. B n cng c th dn m t b ng d li u t Microshoft Excel vo m t Datasheet m i trong Microsoft Access 2007, b ng cch t o tr c m t c u trc cc tr ng tng ng v i b ng d li u m b n c n dn vo. Layout View m i gip c i thi n t c thi t k Forms v Report. S d ng Layout View th c hi n cc thay i thi t k trong khi hi n th d li u trong m t Form ho c m t Report.

V d , b n c th thm vo m t tr ng trn l i thi t k b ng cch ko th t Field list pane, ho c b n c th thay i cc thu c b ng cch s d ng thu c tnh trn Sheet. Layout View cung c p m t cch b tr m i cho cc Control l stacked layout (B tr d ng ngn x p) v tabular layout (B

tr d ng b ng) - nhm cc Controls m b n c th di chuy n v thay i kch th c nh m t n v b n c th d dng s p x p l i cc tr ng, c t, hng, ho c ton b Layout. B n cng c th lo i b m t tr ng ho c thm vo nh d ng m t cch d dng trong Layout View. Ch Design View cng tng t nh cc phin b n tr c gip b n c th bi t thm chi ti t v cc Control, ch ny cng ch h tr Layout d ng stacked v tabular. 1.3.2. Microsoft Office fluent Nh ng k t qu m i theo nh h ng giao di n ng i dng - Microsoft Office fluent giao di n ng i s d ng - gip b n d dng lm vi c v i Microsoft Access 2007. nh ng phin b n tr c L nh v cc tnh nng th ng c d u kn trong cc menu, thanh cng c ph c t p b hi m. Nhng by gi b n c th d dng tm ki m cng vi c theo nh h ng s d ng trn cc tab ch a cc nhm l nh. Nhi u h p tho i c thay th b ng cc l a ch n hi n th trn thanh cng c s n sng cho ng i dng s d ng, ngoi ra n cn c m t trn cc Tooltips ho c hi n th d i d ng cc v d . Khng c b t c m t v n g v i cc ho t ng m b n ang th c hi n trong giao di n ng i dng m i - cho d l t o ra m t Report ho c nh p d li u Hy ti p c n v i nh ng cng c h u ch nh t m chng ti s trnh by d i y ch c ch n cc b n s thnh cng trong vi c nghin c u v s d ng Microsoft Access 2007. Microsoft Office fluent giao di n ng i s d ng: Microsoft Office fluent giao di n ng i dng bao g m cc khu v c tiu chu n (standard area) c g i l Ribbon, trong c ch a cc nhm l nh c t ch c, s p x p theo ch c nng. Ribbon thay th cc l p trnh n v thanh cng c c i n trong cc phin b n Access c.

S d ng Office fluent Ribbon xc nh v tr cc nhm l nh c lin quan nhanh hn. V d , n u b n c n ph i t o m t Form ho c Report, hy s d ng m t trong nh ng l nh trn Tab Create. Vi c thi t k b tr giao di n m i lm cho vi c tm ki m l nh, ch c nng m b n c n tr nn nhanh chng, thm vo b n cn c th khm ph ra nh ng tnh nng khc m tr c y b n cha h bi t t i. Cc nt l nh c t g n hn trn giao di n, i u c ngha l b n khng c n ph i tm ki m trong menu hay c nh v tr c a chng u . Phm ch c nng c a giao di n ng i dng Microsoft Office Fluent bao g m: - Tab l nh: Cc Tab ch a nh ng nt l nh th ng c s d ng cng nhau, nh v y khi c n s d ng b n c th d dng tm th y chng. - N i dung cc Tab l nh: M t Tab l nh s xu t hi n ty thu c vo b i c nh lm vi c c a b n trn mn hnh giao di n. M t n i dung tab l nh s ch a nh ng l nh c nhi u kh nng p d ng cho nh ng g b n ang lm vi c. - Toolbar truy c p nhanh: V i m t thanh cng c Standard xu t hi n trn Ribbon, ch b ng m t ci nh p chu t b n c th truy c p t i nh ng l nh c n thi t ch ng h n nh Save Undo, . Getting Started with Microsoft Office Access page: Trang ny cung c p kh nng truy c p nhanh n m t th vi n, cc c s d li u m u c thi t k chuyn nghi p, ngoi cc c s d li u m b n m trong th i gian g n y (n u b n ang k t n i vo Internet) v cc lin k t n cc bi vi t Office Online ph bi n.

Navigation Pane: Pane ny li t k v cung c p cch th c truy c p d dng t i t t c cc i t ng trong c s d li u hi n t i ang m . B n c th s d ng Navigation Pane t ch c, s p x p cc Object c a b n theo ki u (Object Type), ngy t o (Create Date), ngy s a i (Modified Date), , ho c tu ch nh trong cc nhm m b n t o ra. N u b n c n thm khng gian lm vi c v i cc Form khi thi t k , b n c th d dng thu h p Navigation Pane n chi m t khng gian hn. Pane Navigation c t o ra thay th c a s DataBase c s d ng trong phin b n tr c y c a Access 2007.

Tabbed objects: Cc Table, queries, forms, reports, macros c a b n c hi n th nh l cc Tabbed objects trong Access window.

B ng cch nh p chu t vo cc i t ng Tab, b n c th d dng chuy n i gi a cc i t ng khc nhau. Status bar: L thanh tr ng thi d i cng c a c a s , hi n th thng tin tr ng thi, cc nt l nh cho php b n chuy n i gi a cc l n hi n th . Mini toolbar: L m t y u t , gi ng nh m t thanh cng c , xu t hi n khi m t n i dung vn b n c l a ch n, gip b n c th d dng p d ng cc nh d ng nh in m ho c nghing, ho c thay i font ch . Help window: Khng gi ng nh cc phin b n tr c c a Access, Microsoft Access 2007 cho php truy c p c Access Help v n i dung Developer Reference trn cng m t c a s tr gip m t cch d dng. B n cng c th d dng thay i ph m vi tm ki m c a ch mnh n i dung Developer Reference.

1.3.3. Thm cc cng c m nh t o i t ng Office Access 2007 cung c p m t mi tr ng tr c quan t o cc Form v cc Report, cho php b n nhanh chng t o ra cc Form v cc Report. Chng hi n th sau khi c x p x p, l c v nhm theo cc thng tin v t ng i t ng. Create tab S d ng Tab Create gip b n nhanh chng t o ra cc Form, cc Report, Table, Query, macros v Module m i. N u b n ch n m t Table ho c m t Query trong Navigation Pane, b n c th t o ra m t Form ho c m t bo co m i d a trn cc i t ng b ng cch nh p chu t vo nt Form ho c Report. Cc Form v cc Report m i ny c t o ra g n nh ngay l p t c v cc thi t k trn cng c nng c p ng k . T ng t o ra cc Form v cc Report r t chuyn nghi p v i logo v tiu c nh ngha s n. Ngoi ra, n cn t ng t o ra m t bo co bao g m c thng tin v ngy thng nm, Footer, Totals.

B n s th y r ng cc i t ng c t o b ng cch ny gip b n r t nhi u v th i gian v nhanh chng a b n ti n xa hn trong qu trnh nghin c u ng d ng. Ch hi n th m i: Report view v Layout view Hai ch hi n th m i ny cho php b n lm vi c v i cc Form v cc Report m t cch tr c quan hn. B ng cch s d ng Report Views, b n c th duy t v m t cch chnh xc bo co m khng

c n ph i in ra ho c xem ch xem tr c khi in. tham chi u t i m t s b n ghi, b n s d ng tnh nng l c, ho c s d ng cng c tm ki m theo n i dung vn b n trong b n ghi . Report View cho b n kh nng duy t bo co nhng Layout View l i gip b n thay i thi t k bo co ngay khi b n ang xem chng. B n c th s d ng Layout View th c hi n thay i cc thi t k chung khi ang hi n th n i dung d li u trn Form ho c bo co. V d , thm vo m t tr ng b ng cch ko m t tr ng t c a s Field List pane, ho c thay i thu c tnh cho i t ng b ng cch s d ng Properties Sheet. Layout view v i nh ng h tr m i, stacked layout v tabular layout (Nhm cc Control), cho php b n d dng s p x p l i cc tr ng, c t, hng, ho c ton b Layout. B n cng c th d dng lo i b m t tr ng ho c thm vo nh d ng trong Layout View.

Group v sort trong cc bo co V i Microsoft Access 2007 b n s c m t cng c r t t t Group, Sort, v thm t ng con trong bo co. B n s tm th y m t giao di n ng i dng m i, d dng hn di chuy n v hi u c, v khi n c s d ng v i Layout view m i, b n s nhn th y hi u qu c a cc thay i ngay l p t c.

Gi s b n c n t o m t bo co v doanh s bn hng theo khu v c. Hy s d ng Layout View v Panel Group, Sort, and Total thm vo m t c p nhm, v xem s thay i hi n ra trn bo co! V i cch t o dng Total m i b n c th d dng t o Total nhi u d ng khc nhau trn Header, Footer c a bo bo co nh ki u Sum, average, count, maximum, ho c minimum. V i m t Total n gi n b n khng c n thi t ph i t o ra m t tr ng tnh ton m c th nh p ch n lun trn cng c ny.

i u khi n b c c tr gip vi c t o Form, Report. Cc From, Report th ng bao g m cc thng tin tabuler, nh l m t c t c ch a tn c a khch hng hay m t hng ch a t t c cc tr ng dnh cho khch hng . B n c th s d ng Microsoft Access 2007 nhm nh ng Control trong m t Layout vo v i nhau m t cch d dng, n c th bao g m c cc Label.

B n c th ch n cc i u khi n t cc vng khc, v d nh nhn trong ph n Hearder ho c Footer, n th t s r t linh ho t v b n c th d dng: - Di chuy n ho c thay i kch c c a m t Layout. V d , di chuy n m t c t t tri qua ph i. - nh d ng m t Layout. V d , Tn m t khch hng c t trong c t in m v n i. - Thm m t tr ng. - Xa m t tr ng.

Split Forms m i hi n th d li u nhanh hn S d ng Split Form m i t o Form m k t h p t m t Datasheet view v m t Form View. B n c th thi t l p thu c tnh ch nh Access t l i v tr c a DataSheet ln trn, xu ng d i hay sang tri sang ph i.

Nhng Macros vo cc Form, Report M t cch m i v ng tin c y, b n c th nhng macros trnh ph i vi t m. M t Macro nhng c lu gi trong m t thu c tnh v l m t ph n c a i t ng ch a n. B n c th ch nh s a nh ng thi t k c a m t Macro nhng m khng ph i lo l ng v nh ng i u khi n khc cng s d ng Macro ny cc Macro nhng hon ton c l p. Macros nhng r t ng tin c y b i v chng c kh nng t ng ngn ch n m t s nh ng thao tc khng an ton.

1.3.4. Nh ng ki u d li u v i u khi n m i Microsoft Access 2007 cung c p nhi u ki u d li u v i u khi n m i cho php lu tr nhi u d ng d li u khc nhau, v b n c th nh p chng d dng hn. Tr ng a tr cho cc d li u ph c t p B n c th t o ra m t tr ng ch a nhi u gi tr , cn c g i l d ng d li u ph c t p. Gi s b n c n ph i ch nh m t cng vi c cho m t trong nh ng nhn vin ho c nh th u c a mnh, nhng b n mu n ch nh n cho nhi u hn m t ng i. Trong h u h t cc h th ng qu n l c s d li u v trong cc phin b n c c a Access, b n c n t o ra r t nhi u cc m i quan h lm i u ny m t cch chnh xc. Trong Microsoft Access 2007, ph n c ng s th c hi n vi c ny cho b n, khi b n ch n m t tr ng m b n thi t l p ch p nh n nhi u gi tr . Tr ng a tr trong Microsoft Access 2007 s r t thch h p b n lm vi c ny. Office Access 2007 c kh nng tng thch v i r t nhi u ki u d li u.

Tr ng Attachment ch Files Ki u d li u Attachment m i cho php b n d dng lu tr t t c cc lo i ti li u v t p tin nh phn trong c s d li u c a b n m khng c n quan tm t i kch th c c a chng. Microsoft

Access 2007 s t ng nn chng l i n m c c th gi m thi u khng gian lu tr . N u b n c n nh km m t t p tin Microsft Word 2007 v m t b n ghi ho c lu tr m t b c nh k thu t s vo CSDL c a mnh? B ng cch s d ng tr ng Attachment s lm cho cng vi c tr nn h t s c d dng. Th m ch b n c th thm nhi u t p tin nh km ch v i m t b n ghi duy nh t.

Tr ng Memo lu tr Rich Text v h tr l ch s s a i V i kh nng lu tr Rich Text c a Microsoft Access 2007, trong m t b n ghi s l ng vn b n c a b n s khng cn b gi i h n. B n c th nh d ng vn b n v i cc ty ch n (nh m, nghing, phng ch , mu s c, v nh ng ty ch n nh d ng ph bi n khc) v lu gi cc vn b n trong c s d li u c a mnh. Rich-formatted text c lu gi trong m t tr ng Memo nh m t vn b n HTML d a trn nh d ng tng ng v i Rich Text, l m t ki u d li u trong Windows SharePoint Services. Tr ng Memo s h u ch cho vi c lu tr m t s l ng l n thng tin. V i Microsoft Access 2007, b n c th thi t l p thu c tnh Append Only gi l i t t c l ch s c a nh ng l n thay i thng tin trn tr ng . V b n hon ton c th xem l i nh ng s thay i ny. Tnh nng ny cng h tr theo di trong Windows SharePoint Services, nh v y b n c th s d ng Access xem n i dung l ch s danh sch SharePoint. Ch n ny v i Calendar Nh ng tr ng v nh ng i u c ki u d li u ki u Date/Time s t ng c p nh t tnh nng m i ny: M t i u khi n l ch s c g n km cho php ch n ngy thng. Nt l ch t ng xu t hi n v tr chnh xc t i ngy thng hi n t i. N u b n mu n bi t th 6 t i l ngy bao nhiu? B n ch Click ch n v m t b ng l ch s t ng xu t hi n cho php b n tm v ch n ngy . B n cng c th ty ch n t t b ng l ch ny trn tr ng ho c i u khi n b ng cch s d ng m t thu c tnh. 1.3.5. Nng c p thi t k v cc cng c phn tch Nh ng cng c m i trong Microsoft Access 2007 s gip b n t o ra cc i t ng c s d li u nhanh hn v sau phn tch d li u m t cch d dng hn. Nng cao Field List pane V i Pane Field List b n c th ko th tr ng t m t b ng vo trong b n ghi ngu n, cc b ng c th c m i quan h v i nhau ho c khng. Microsoft Access 2007 t o s n cc c u trc v v y n u m t m i quan h gi a cc b ng l c n thi t th n s t ng t o ra m i qua h .

Nng cao cng c l c, s p x p Gi s b n c n ph i nhanh chng tm th y m t gi tr ph h p ho c s p x p m t c t c a d li u. Microsoft Access 2007 v i ch c nng AutoFilte cung c p kh nng l c nhanh chng b n c th tm th y cc d li u m b n c n. B n cng c th d dng l a ch n t cc gi tr duy nh t trong m t c t, i u ny r t c ch cho cc tnh hu ng khi b n khng th g i l i tn m b n c n, ho c b n c th s p x p cc gi tr b ng cch s d ng cc trnh n ty ch n.

Cc b l c ty ch n ph bi n nh t r t d dng nhn th y trong trnh n l nh, b n c th nhanh chng s d ng chng gi i h n cc thng tin d a trn cc d li u nh p vo. B l c ty ch n t ng thay i d a trn ki u d li u m b n ang tc tc.

Nh ng tnh nng l c hay s p x p m i c thi t k s gip b n c c nh ng kinh nghi m nh t nh lm vi c khng ch v i Access 2007 m c Excel 2007. Totals (T ng c ng) v m u n n trong DataSheet V i dng Total trong Datasheet View m i b n c th hi n th m t t ng (sum), ho c n b n ghi (count), tnh gi tr trung bnh (everage), Sau khi b n thm dng Total, b n tr vo mi tn trong cc c t v ch n php tnh c n thi t mu n.

Datasheet, Report, Forms u c h tr mu n n cho cc row, b n c th thi t l p m c nh mu n n cho chng. T o bng cho cc hng cng r t d dng, v b n c th ch n b t k mu s c no m mnh thch.

1.3.6. Tng c ng an ninh Microsoft Access 2007 t ng c ng ch c nng b o m t m t cch m nh m v thng minh v i Windows SharePoint gip b n qu n l hi u qu , theo di cc ng d ng an ton hn tr c r t nhi u. B ng cch lu tr d li u theo di c a b n trong danh sch ng d ng trn Windows SharePoint Services, b n c th ki m tra xem xt l i l ch s , khi ph c l i thng tin b xa, phn quy n d li u truy c p. 1.3.7. Cch th c m i chia s d li u v c ng tc v i nh ng ng i khc B ng cch s d ng cc tnh nng c ng tc m i c a Microsoft Access 2007, b n c th thu th p v chia s thng tin v i nh ng ng i khc hi u qu hn trong m t mi tr ng b o m t trn Web. Tch h p v i Windows SharePoint Services Microsoft Access 2007 v i Windows SharePoint Services trong m t s tr ng h p, gip b n t n d ng l i th c a nhi u tnh nng c ng tc trong Windows SharePoint Services. - S a i d li u theo di: V i s gip c a Windows SharePoint Services, b n c th xem l ch s s a i c a m t b n ghi. Gi s b n c n ph i bi t ai thay i n i dung m t hng v n c thay i khi no? T t c c th tm th y b ng cch xem trong l ch s s a i.

- Cho php ci t: V i s gip c a Windows SharePoint Services, b n c th t quy n truy c p cho php ng i dng thm vo danh sch. B n c th ch n l c cho php ho c t ch i m t s ng i dng truy c p. B n cng c th ch nh gi i h n ch quy n ch c ho c Full (m i thay i tc ng u c ch p nh n). - L y t Recycle Bin: B n c th s d ng Recycle Bin m i trong Windows SharePoint Services d dng xem cc tr ng xa ho c khi ph c l i cc thng tin b xa tr c . M Form, Report trong Windows SharePoint Services: Windows SharePoint Services cho php ng i dng c th m tr c ti p cc danh sch trong Access views (Form, Report, DataSheet) t m t site SharePoint. Khi b n ch n m t Access views, Microsoft Access 2007 m v g i t i cc Form, Report hay Datasheet . V v y n gip b n c th ch y trn SharePoint site m khng c n kh i ng Microsoft Access 2007. B n cng c th ch n m m t danh sch trong Access, v n u c s d li u khng t n t i, n s t ng t o m i v cc Form, Report s c k th a trong danh sch c a b n. Thu th p d li u b ng cch s d ng cc bi u m u InfoPath v Outlook B ng cch s d ng cc tnh nng m i Data Collection, Microsoft Access 2007 c th t ng t o ra m t nh d ng Microsoft Office InfoPath 2007 ho c nh d ng HTML v nhng n trong ph n body c a m t e-mail. Sau b n c th g i chng i t i nh ng a ch ng i nh n t Contact Outlook c a b n, ho c tn c a ng i nh n c lu gi trong m t tr ng trong c s d li u Access.

B n l a ch n xem thu th p nh ng thng tin m i hay c p c p nh t cc thng tin hi n c. Ng i nh n bi u m u sau s hon thi n v g i l i. Microsoft Access 2007 t ng nh n d ng cc bi u m u g i n v lu vo c s d li u. Export sang nh d ng PDF v XPS

By gi b n c th xu t d li u m t nh d ng file .PDF (Portable Document Format) ho c .XPS (XML Paper Specification) dng cho vi c in n, Post bi hay e-mail. Vi c xu t m t Form, Report, ho c Datasheet sang file c nh d ng .Pdf hay .XPS cho php b n d dng phn ph i cc thng tin m v n gi l i t t c nhng nh d ng m b n thi t l p. M khng c n ng i nh n ph i ci t Access. Portable Document Format: M t nh d ng PDF l m t file c nh gip b o v cc nh d ng c a vn b n v chia s t p tin. Cc nh d ng PDF b o m r ng khi cc t p tin c xem tr c tuy n ho c in ra, n gi l i chnh xc cc nh d ng m b n thi t k , v gi cho t p tin khng b sao chp ho c s a i. Cc nh d ng PDF cng h u ch cho cc ti li u m s c sao chp b ng cch s d ng cc phng php in n thng m i. XML Paper Specification: M t XPS l m t nh d ng t p tin i n t , b o v nh d ng ti li u v gip chia s t p tin. Cc nh d ng XPS m b o r ng khi cc t p tin c xem tr c tuy n ho c in ra, n gi l i chnh xc cc nh d ng m b n nh s n, gip cho cc d li u trong t p tin khng b sao chp ho c thay i. B n c th xu t d li u ra m t file c nh d ng .Pdf hay .XPS t Microsoft Access 2007 ch sau khi b n ci t cc add-in. Lm vi c v i d li u bn ngoi c th c hi n d dng hn Cc tnh nng m i trong Microsoft Access 2007 lm cho vi c Import hay Export tr nn d dng hn. B n c th lu l i m t ho t ng Import hay Export v sau ti s d ng th i gian ti p theo. V i Import Spreadsheet Wizard s cho php b n ghi ln ki u d li u cho b i Access, v b n c th Import, Export, v v lin k t n cc nh d ng t p tin Excel 2007 m i. 1.3.8. Cch t t hn g r i v n Microsoft Office Diagnostics l m t lo t cc xt nghi m ch n on c th gip b n khm ph l do t i sao my tnh c a b n c crashing. Cc xt nghi m ch n on c th gi i quy t m t s v n tr c ti p v c th xc nh cch th c m b n c th gi i quy t cc v n . Microsoft Office Diagnostics thay th cho nh ng tnh nng sau y c a Microsoft Office 2003: D tm, s a ch a, v ph c h i ng d ng Microsoft Office. 1.3.9. Nng cao ch t l ng cc cng c Proofing Sau y l m t s tnh nng m i c a cng c ki m tra chnh t . Cng c ki m tra chnh t c lm ch c ch n hn trong b Microsoft Ofice 2007. D i y l v d v s thay i ny: M t vi ty ch n ki m tra ton c c by gi s mang tnh ton c c. N u b n thay i m t trong cc ty ch n ny b t c ng d ng no trong b Office n cng s thay i tng ng trong cc ng d ng khc c a b Office. Ngoi ra chia s cng m t b t i n, t t c cc chng trnh c th qu n l chng b ng cch s d ng cng m t h p tho i.

Bi 2. Lm vi c v i Table Khi b n t o ra m t c s d li u, b n lu tr d li u trong cc b ng (d a trn n i dung c a cc hng v c t). V d , b n c th t o m t b ng Contacts lu tr danh sch g m tn, a ch , v s i n tho i, ho c m t b ng Products lu tr nh ng thng tin v s n ph m c n qu n l.

Bi vi t ny v i m c ch h ng d n b n lm th no t o ra m t b ng v lm th no thm cc tr ng r i thi t l p thu c tnh cho nh ng tr ng . Cng nh h ng d n b n cch t o ra nh ng kha chinh cho cc b ng . B i v c r t nhi u i t ng khc nhau nhng l i ph thu c l n nhau trong m t Database. V v y tr c khi b t tay vo thi t k cc b ng b n nn xem xt m t cch k l ng cc yu c u mnh, lm sao khng b d th a cc b ng d li u khng c ch. 2.1. T ng qut M i Table l m t i t ng c a CSDL m b n s d ng lu tr v m t ch c th , ch ng h n nh nhn vin trong cng ty, s n ph m c a m t nh my no , M t b ng g m c nhi u tr ng v nhi u b n ghi. M i b n ghi ch a d li u v m t ch th m b ng lu tr , ch ng h n nh cc thng tin v m t nhn vin. M t b n ghi th ng tng ng v i m t dng trong b ng d li u. M i tr ng ch a d li u v m t trong nh ng thu c tnh c a ch th trong b ng, ch ng h n nh tn hay a ch e-mail c a m t nhn vin. M i tr ng tng ng v i m t c t trong b ng d li u.

M t b n ghi bao g m gi tr c a nhi u tr ng ch ng h n nh Nh sch Minh Lm, nh sch, minhlam@yahoo.com. Gi tr c a m t tr ng th ng c g i l m t th c th .

Trn y v m t b ng c m Trong : (1) : M t b n ghi (2): M t tr ng (3): Gi tr m t tr ng

ch Datasheet View

Nh v y chng ta c th t ng k t l i nh sau: M t c s d li u c th ch a nhi u b ng, m i b ng lu tr thng tin v m t i t ng, ch th khc nhau. Trong m i b ng c th ch a m t ho c nhi u tr ng v i nh ng ki u d li u cng khc nhau nh ki u chu i, s , ngy thng, ki u lin k t, 2.1.1. Thu c tnh c a b ng v tr ng B ng v tr ng c nh ng thu c tnh m b n c th thi t l p ki m sot hnh vi cng nh c i m c a chng.

y l m t b ng c m Trong : (1): Thu c tnh c a b ng (2): Thu c tnh c a tr ng

ch Design View.

Trong m t Database Access, thu c tnh c a b ng nh h ng tr c ti p, ton di n t i s th hi n cng nh hnh vi c a b ng . ch Design View, thu c tnh c a b ng c thi t l p Pane Property Sheet. V d , b n c th thi t l p thu c tnh Default View cho b ng m i l n hi n th n s hi n th theo ch .

M t thu c tnh c a tr ng c p d ng cho m t tr ng c th trong b ng v xc nh m t trong nh ng tnh ch t c trng c a tr ng . B n c th thi t l p thu c tnh cho tr ng ch hi n th Datasheet View, cng nh ch Design View b ng cch s d ng Pane Field Properties.

2.1.2. Ki u d li u M i tr ng c m t ki u d li u nh t nh. M t ki u d li u c a m t tr ng cho bi t ki u d li u m tr ng lu tr ch ng h n nh tr ng d li u ki u Text s cho php lu tr cc k t , hay ki u Date/Time cho php lu tr d li u ki u ngy thng,

Ki u d li u c a tr ng th c ch t l thu c tnh c a tr ng , tuy nhin n v n khc thu c tnh m t s i m sau y: - B n c th thi t l p ki u d li u cho tr ng trong l i thi t k b ng nhng khng th lm vi c trong Pane Field Properties. - M t ki u d li u c a tr ng xc nh nh ng thu c tnh m tr ng c th c.

Ch : B n c th t o ra m t tr ng m i ch Datasheet view trong Access b ng cch nh p d li u tr c ti p d li u vo m t c t m i. Khi b n t o ra m t tr ng m i b ng cch ny Access s t ng nh ngha ki u d li u cho tr ng d a trn nh ng gi tr m b n nh p vo c t . N u nh khng c m t ki u d li u no ph h p cho r t nhi u gi tr trn c t Access s hi u l d li u ki u Text, n u c n thi t b n hon ton c th thay i l i nh ng ki u d li u ny. D i y l b ng m t v ki u d li u m Access t ng thi t l p cho tr ng tng ng v i d li u b n nh p vo. D li u c th nh p vo Minh Lm http://www.minhlam.com 1 50,000 Ki u d li u m Access c th t nh ngha Text Hyperlink Number, Long Integer Number, Long Integer

50,000.99 50000.389 12/67 December 31, 2006 10:50:23 10:50 am 17:50 $12.50 21.75 123.00% 3.46E+03 2.1.3. Quan h gi a cc b ng

Number, Double Number, Double Date/Time Date/Time Date/Time Date/Time Date/Time Currency Number, Double Number, Double Number, Double

M c d m i b ng lu tr d li u v m t ch th nh t nh, nhng xt trong m t Database th cc ch th ny l i c m i quan h m t thi t v i nhau. V d , m t c s d li u c th ch a: M t b ng customers l danh sch khch hng cng ty c a b n. M t b ng products ch a danh sch nh ng s n ph m m cng ty b n s n xu t ra. M t b ng orders cha nh ng n t hng m khch hng mua s n ph m. V khch hng trong orders mua s n s n ph m c a cng ty s n xu t ra nn nh ng khch hng ph i l khch hng trong b ng customers, v nh ng s n ph m cng ph i l nh ng s n ph n trong b ng Products. Chnh v nh ng m i lin h m b n c n ph i lm th no c th lin k t cc b ng ny l i v i nhau. Nh vi c lin k t ny m b n c th d dng ki m sot s ton v n d li u trong m t Database. lin k t cc b ng l i v i nhau b n c n ph i t o ra cc m i lin k t (quan h ). M t m i quan h l m t k t n i Logical gi a hai b ng v i nhau thng qua m t tr ng c chung hai b ng. V d trong b ng Customers s c tr ng Id xc nh tnh duy nh t c a khch hng v trong b ng Orders cng c tr ng Id_Kh tr ng ny lu tr Id c a khch hng mua s n ph m, hai tr ng ny c g i l tr ng lin k t gi a b ng Customers v b ng Order. 2.1.4. Kha Nh ng tr ng m l m t ph n c a m i quan h trong b ng g i l tr ng kha. M t kha th ng bao g m m t ho c nhi u tr ng khc nhau. Trong b ng c th c hai lo i kha sau y: Primary key: M t b ng ch c duy nh t m t kha Primary key. M t kha Primary key c th bao g m m t ho c nhi u tr ng k t h p v i nhau xc nh tnh duy nh t c a m i b n ghi lu tr trong b ng. Thng th ng, c m t s xc nh tnh duy nh t c a m t b n ghi, ch ng h n nh s ID, s s-ri, ho c m s s c ch n lm kha. V d , b n c m t b ng Customers m i khch hng c xc inh duy nh t thng qua s Id c a khch hng . Nh v y tr ng Id chnh l tr ng kha c a b ng Customers. Khi m t chnh kho (Primary key ) ch a nhi u hn m t tr ng th n l s k t

h p c a nh ng tr ng t n t i, k t h p v i nhau t o ra m t gi tr duy nh t. V d , b n c th k t h p cc tr ng Ho, Ten, Ngay_Sinh t o thnh m t tr ng kha cho b ng People. Foreign key: M t b ng c th c m t ho c nhi u Foreign key. M t Foreign key ch a cc gi tr m tng ng v i nh ng gi tr l nh ng gi tr c a tr ng kha chnh nh ng b ng khc. V d , b n c th c m t b ng Orders, trong m i n hng c m t s Id c a khch hng t n hng , Id xc nh tnh duy nh t c a m t b n ghi trong b ng Customers. Nh v y c th ni tr ng Id khch hng trong b ng n hng l m t Foreign key (ngo i kha). S tng ng c a cc gi tr gi a nh ng tr ng kha l nn t ng c a m t m i quan h gi a cc b ng v i nhau. B n c th s d ng m i quan h c a b ng k t h p d li u t nh ng b ng lin quan. V d , gi s b n c m t b ng Customers v m t b ng Orders, m i b n ghi c xc nh duy nh t b i tr ng kha Id (tr ng kha chnh). lin k t m i n hng v i m t khch hng, b n thm m t tr ng ngo i kha vo b ng Orders tng ng v i tr ng Id trong b ng Customers, v sau t o m i quan h gi a hai kha ny. Khi b n thm m t b n ghi vo Orders, b n s d ng gi tr cho tr ng Id khch hng c l y t b ng Customers. Khi no b n c n xem b t k thng tin no v m t n t hng c a khch hng, b n nn s d ng cc m i quan h xc nh c nh ng d li u t b ng Customers tng ng v i cc b n ghi trong b ng Orders.

M i quan h gi a hai b ng, c hi n th trong c a s Relationships. (1): L tr ng primary key (kha chnh), xc nh b i bi u t ng kha bn c nh tn tr ng. (2): L tr ng foreign key (ngo i kha) 2.1.5. L i ch c a vi c s d ng relationships Vi c lu tr d li u c phn chia trong nh ng b ng lin quan c nh ng l i ch sau y: S nh t qun: V m i n i dung c a d li u c ghi ch m t l n, trong m t b ng, c t kh nng s y ra s mu thu n, khng minh b ch. Ch ng h n, b n lu tr tn c a m t khch hng ch m t l n, trong b ng khch hng, hn l lu tr n nhi u l n (V ti m n nh ng mu thu n) trong b ng ch a d li u n hng.

Hi u qu : Ghi d li u m t ch c ngha l b n s d ng t khng gian trn a c ng hn. Thm vo , b ng t dung l ng s cho php truy c p, truy v n d li u nhanh hn l cc b ng l n. Cu i cng, n u b n khng s d ng nh ng b ng ring bi t lu ch thng tin v cc ch th ring bi t,

b n s ph i theo di, qu n l c nh ng gi tr Null d n n s d th a d li u trong cc b ng. C hai l do c th s tiu ph khng gian lu tr v ngn c n qu trnh lm vi c v i d li u c a b n. S hi u bi t: Qu trnh thi t k m t Database s d hi u hn n u m t ch th c phn r h p l thnh nh ng b ng ring bi t. 2.1.6. Tr c khi b n b t u Tr c khi b n b t u t o ra cc b ng trong Microsoft Office Access 2007, c vi s khc bi t so v i nh ng phin b n tr c c a Access m b n c n ch . B ng v tr ng Template c thay th cho Table Winzard trong cc phin b n tr c, b n s d ng Table Winzard t o ra m t Table r t n gi n v i vi c ch ph i tr l i vi cu h i. Trong Microsoft Access 2007, Table Winzard s c thay th b ng Table v cc tr ng Template (m u). Datasheet trong Microsoft Access 2007, b n c th t o ra v s a i cc b ng, tr ng trong khi ang vi c lm vi c ch hi n th Datasheet View 2.2. T o m i m t b ng M t c s d li u n gi n, nh danh sch lin l c, c th s d ng ch duy nh t m t b ng. Tuy nhin nhi u c s d li u, ph i s d ng r t nhi u b ng. Khi b n t o ra m t c s d li u m i, ng th i b n cng t o ra m t File trn my tnh, n ng vai tr nh m t Container (ni ch a) t t c cc i t ng trong c s d li u, trong c cc b ng d li u. B n c th t o ra m t b ng b ng vi c t o ra m t c s d li u m i, ho c cng c th t o ra b ng vi c chn m t b ng vo trong m t c s d li u t n t i, hay b ng cch Import ho c lin k t t i cc b ng t nh ng ngu n d li u khc. Khi b n t o m i m t DataBase r ng, m t b ng m i cha c n i dung s c chn vo . B n c th nh p d li u vo cng nh b t u nh ngha cc tr ng cho b ng. 2.3.1. T o b ng m i trong Database m i. Nh p chu t ch n nt Microsoft Office Button , sau nh t New.

Trong h p nh p File Name, g vo tn cho Database m i. thay i ng d n lu Database b n nh p chu t ch n bi u t ng Folder ch n l i. Cu i cng nh p Create.

M t Database m i c m v m t Table m i v i tn l Table1 c t o ra v m Datasheet View.

ch

2.3.2. T o b ng m i trong Database t n t i Nh p chu t ch n nt Microsoft Office Button , sau ch n Open.

H p tho i Open xu t hi n ch n t i Database c n m r i nh p Open.

Trn Tab Create trong nhm Table ch n Table.

M t b ng m i c Insert vo Database v b ng ny c m

ch Datasheet View.

2.3.3. S d ng b ng Template t o b ng Trong nh ng phin b n tr c y c a Access, b n s d ng Table Winzard t o nhanh m t b ng t nh ng b ng v tr ng m u. Thay cho ch c nng ny trong Microsoft Access 2007, b n c th s d ng cc b ng v tr ng Templates. M t b ng m u l m t b ng tr ng khng ch a d li u, b n c th b t u lun ho c ch nh s a cho ph h p v i yu c u c a mnh. Microsoft Access 2007 cung c p nh ng m u Table Template d i y: Contacts: L b ng s d ng qu n l thng tin lin l c trong kinh doanh. Nh a ch Email, Website, cc File nh km, Tasks: L b ng dng theo di cng vi c, bao g m cc tr ng s d ng cho nh ng phi u nh km. Issues: L b ng s d ng theo di nh ng ho t ng, bao g m cc s d ng cho nh ng phi u nh km v m t tr ng ki u Memo lu tr l ch s s a i gi tr trn cc tr ng trong b ng. Events: L b ng dng qu n l cc s ki n bao g m m t tr ng Rich Text Memo v m t tr ng cho nh ng phi u nh km. Assets: L b ng dng qu n l ti s n c a doanh nghi p, bao g m 2 tr ng ti n t c th theo di c gi tr kh u hao c a ti s n. Sau khi b n t o ra m t b ng b ng cch s d ng b ng Template, c th b n s mu n thm vo nh ng tr ng m i b ng cch s d ng cc tr ng Template. M t tr ng Template l tr ng c nh ngha s n, b n c th thm vo b t c b ng no ch hi n th Datasheet View. 2.3.4. T o b ng m i s Template Nh p ch n nt Microsoft Office Button , sau ch n Open.

H p tho i Open xu t hi n ch n t i Database c n m r i nh p Open.

Trn Tab Create, trong nhm Tables ch n nt Table Templates, trong h p tho i xu ng ch n m t b ng m u c n t o

M t b ng m i c thm vo Database d a trn b ng m u m b n ch n. 2.3.5. Thi t l p kha chnh cho b ng N u khng c m t l do th t c bi t th khi thi t k ra m t b ng d li u b n c n ph i ch r m t kha chnh. Access t ng t o ra Index cho kha chnh, n c th c i thi n c t c truy c p cng nh thao tc v i d li u. Access cng ch c ch n r ng m i b n ghi th tr ng kha chnh lun ch a d li u v gi tr ny lun lun l duy nh t. N u khng c tr ng ny s ch ng c cch no ng tin c y phn bi t m t hng c th no v i nh ng hng khc trong b ng.

Khi b n t o ra m t b ng m i trong ch hi n th Datasheet View, Access s t ng t o ra m t kha chnh v nh ngha n v i tn l ID v ki u d li u l AutoNumber. ch hi n th Design View, b n c th thay i, lo i b kha chnh, ho c thi t l p cho m t b ng cha c kha chnh. Xc nh tr ng t lm kha chnh i khi, b n c th t xc nh c tr ng m mnh mu n s d ng lm kha chnh. Ch ng h n, b n c th c nh ng s ID dnh cho m i nhn cng. N u b n t o ra m t b ng theo di thng tin v nh ng ng i cng nhn, b n c th quy t nh s d ng ID lm kha chnh cho b ng . Ho c l s k t h p gi a ID c a ng i cng nhn v i Id phng ban t o nn tnh duy nh t. yu c u r ng b n s d ng c tr ng ny t o nn kha chnh. M t ho c nhi u tr ng mu n s d ng lm tr ng kha ph i m b o m t vi nguyn tc sau y: - M i b n ghi ph i c m t ho c nhi u tr ng k t h p t o ra m t gi tr duy nh t cho m i b n ghi. - M t tr ng ho c s k t h p gi a nhi u tr ng ph i khng bao gi ch a gi tr r ng (lun lun c gi tr ) - Nh ng gi tr khng thay i. - N u khng c d li u thch h p t n t i t o ra kha chnh b n c th t o ra m t tr ng m i ch lm kha chnh. Khi b n t o ra m t tr ng m i s d ng lm kha chnh b n hy thi t l p ki u d li u cho n l AutoNumber. V i ki u d li u ny tr ng s nh n d li u ki u s , n m trong dy s nguyn lin ti p, v hon ton khng trng l p. Hn n a tr ng ny s t ng tng khi thm

m t b n ghi m i gip b n khng c n ph i quan tm vi c t o ra d li u duy nh t cho tr ng kha chnh. Thi t l p ho c thay i kha chnh Ch n b ng c kha chnh m b n mu n thi t l p ho c thay i.

Trn Tab Home ch n nhm Views, nh p ch n View trong h p tho i xu ng ny ch n Design View.

B ng xu t hi n ch Design View, hy ch n tr ng (ho c nh ng tr ng) m b n mu n s d ng lm kha chnh.

l a ch n m t tr ng hy nh p ch n vo c t Row selector (c t u tin m u xanh bn tri m i dng) c a tr ng . N u mu n ch n nhi u tr ng b n hy gi phm Ctrl v l n l t ch n t i cc tr ng c n thi t l p. Trn Tab Table trong nhm Tools ch n Primary Key.

M t bi u t ng hnh cha kha s xu t hi n bn tri c a nh ng tr ng m b n v a thi t l p kha chnh

Lo i b kha chnh Ch n b ng c n lo i b kha chnh trong Navigation Pane. Tn Tab Home tm t i nhm Views nh p chu t ch n nt View, trong danh sch xu ng ny ch n Design View.

Nh p chu t ch n t i tr ng ho c danh sch tr ng ang l nh ng tr ng kha chnh (cch lm tng t ph n tr c) Trn Tab Design tm t i nhm Tools ch n Primary Key.

Bi u t ng cha kha bn pha tri c a cc c t ny s c lo i b . Ch : Khi b n lu tr m t b ng m i m khng c thi t l p kha chnh, Access s nh c c n ph i t o m i m t tr ng lm kha chnh. N u b n ch n Yes, Access t o ra m t tr ng c tn ID v gn cho n ki u d li u l AutoNumber cung c p m t gi tr duy nh t cho m i b n ghi. Trong tr ng h p b ng c s n m t tr ng ki u AutoNumber, Access s ch n lun tr ng ny lm kha chnh.

N u b n ch n No trn h p thng bo Access s khng thm tr ng v khng thi t l p kha chnh cho b ng. 2.3.6. Thi t l p thu c tnh cho b ng Ngoi vi c thi t l p thu c tnh cho cc tr ng b n cn c th thi t l p thu c tnh chung cho b ng ho c t t c cc b n ghi. Ch n t i b ng c n thi t l p thu c tnh Trn Tab Home, tm t i nhm Views, nh p ch n Views trong h p tho i xu ng b n ch n Design View.

Trn Tab Design, tm t i nhm Show/Hide, nh p ch n Property Sheet.

Property Sheet s xu t hi n nh hnh d i y:

Trn Pane Property Sheet nh p ch n Tab General. Ch n c t bn tri tm t i thu c tnh c a b ng v c t bn ph i thi t l p gi tr .

2.3. Thm tr ng vo b ng B n lu tr t ng ph n d li u m b n mu n theo di trong m t tr ng. V d , b ng Contacts b n t o ra danh sch tr ng lu l n l t cc thng tin nh Last Name, First Name, Telephone Number, and Address. Hay trong b ng Procedures l cc tr ng Product Name, Product ID, v Price. Tr c khi t o ra cc tr ng, d li u c phn chia thnh nh ng ph n nh . l cch d nh t c th x l d li u c linh ho t. V d , thay v t o ra m t tr ng Full Name lu tr y h tn c a m t ng i no , chng ta nn t o ra hai tr n ring bi t l First Name v Last Name. Sau th c th d dng tm ki m, s p x p theo t ng tr ng ho c theo c hai tr ng. 2.4.1. Thm tr ng khi ang nh p d li u Khi b n t o m t b ng m i ho c m m t b ng t n t i ch hi n th Datasheet View, b n c th thm m t tr ng vo b ng b ng cch nh p d li u vo c t Add New Field trn Datasheet.

B ng d li u c t o m i ho c c m (1): Nh p d li u vo c t Add New Field.

ch Datasheet View.

Trn ph n tiu c a c t Add New Field hy nh p vo tn tr ng m b n mu n t o, tn ny s m t tr ng v gip b n d dng nh n ra n hn. Cu i cng nh p d li u vo tr ng . 2.4.2. Thm tr ng s d ng tr ng Template Trong m t s tr ng h p th t d dng l a ch n m t tr ng ph h p v i yu c u c a b n trong danh sch cc tr ng c thi t l p s n thay v vi c b n ph i t t o ra n. B n c th s d ng Field Templates task pane ch n m t trong nh ng tr ng m u. Cc tr ng m u ny c thi t l p s n cc thu c tnh c n thi t. V d nh tn tr ng, ki u d li u, cc thu c tnh nh d ng, v nhi u thu c tnh khc. Trn Tab Home, tm t i nhm Views, nh p ch n View, trn h p tho i Datasheet View. xu ng b n ch n

Trn Tab Datasheet, tm t i nhm Fields & Columns, nh p ch n New Field.

M t thanh Pane c tn Field Templates xu t hi n bn ph i c a mn hnh.

Ch n m t ho c nhi u tr ng trong pane ny r i sau ko th vo ni m b n mu n thm m i tr ng trn b ng. 2.4.3. Thm tr ng t tr ng c a b ng khc N u c s d li u c a b n c s n cc Table, b n c th thm tr ng vo m t b ng m i t danh sch cc tr ng c a m t trong nh ng b ng ny, chng c li t k trong Pane Field List. Pane Field List li t k t t c cc b ng trong c s d li u, chi ti t trong cc b ng ny l danh sch tr ng. N u b ng m b n thm tr ng m i c m i quan h v i cc b ng khc, th cc tr ng quan h s c li t k u tin trong Field List Pane

Nh p ch n nt Microsoft Office Button

, ti p theo ch n Open.

Trong h p tho i Open, ch n t i Database b n c n lm vi c.

Trong Pane Navigation, nh p p chu t vo b ng c n thm tr ng m i. B ng c m ch Datasheet View. Trn Tab Datasheet, trong nhm Fields & Columns nh p ch n Add Existing Fields

Pane Field List xu t hi n nh hnh d i y:

Nh p vo bi u t ng (+) trong danh sch t i b ng c n l y tr ng, m t danh sch trong b ng s xu t hi n, b n ch n t i tr ng c n l y r i ko th n v tr c n thm tr ng trn b ng m i. C a s Lookup Wizard xu t hi n

Nh p Next n u nh khng ch n thm tr ng no.

Trong c a s ti p theo ny b n ch n tr ng c n s p x p r i nh p Next.

B n nh p Next chuy n sang b c ti p theo

Nh p l i tn cho c t n u c n thi t, cu i cng nh p Finish k t thc. Nh v y m t tr ng m i s c thm vo b ng

2.4.4. Thi t l p thu c tnh cho tr ng Sau khi t o m t tr ng m i, c th i u khi n cc hnh vi, s ki n di n ra i v i tr ng ny b n c n ph i thi t l p thu c tnh cho n. V d , vi c thi t l p thu c tnh cho tr ng s gip b n:

- i u khi n c s hi n th d li u trn tr ng . - Gip ngn ng a vi c nh p d li u khng chnh xc. - Gn gi tr m c nh cho tr ng. - Gip tng t c tm ki m s p x p d li u. B n c th thi t l p m t s thu c tnh s n c c a tr ng trong khi ang lm vi c ch Datasheet View. Tuy nhin c th thi t l p y cc thu c tnh cho tr ng b n nn s d ng ch hi n th Design View. * ch Datasheet View ch Datasheet View b n c th i tn, d li u, nh d ng, v m t s thu c tnh khc c a m t tr ng. M b ng ch Datasheet View Trn Pane Navigation, nh p ph i chu t vo b ng c n m , trong menu popup ch n Open.

i tn tr ng Khi b n thm m t tr ng b ng cch nh p th ng d li u vo b ng ch Datasheet View, Access s t ng nh ngha m t ci tn chung chung cho tr ng, v d nh b t u v i tr ng th nh t l Field1, cc tr ng ti p theo s l Field2, Field3, M c nh Access s d ng tn c a tr ng nh m t Label b t c ni no m tr ng c hi n th , v d nh tiu c t khi m b ng ch Datasheet View. Vi c i tn tr ng s gip tr ng c thm nh ng thng tin m t v n, nh m gip cho ng i dng d dng hn trong qu trnh s d ng v ch nh s a. Nh p ph i chu t vo ph n tiu c t c a c t c n i tn, ch n Rename trong popup menu.

Nh p vo tn c n s a i, lu tn tr ng khng c qu 64 k t bao g m c cc kho ng tr ng. Thay i ki u d li u c a tr ng Khi b n t o ra m t tr ng b ng cch nh p d li u vo tr ng ch hi n th Datasheet View, Access s ki m tra d li u xc nh ki u d li u thch h p cho tr ng. Ch ng h n, n u b n nh p vo gi tr 1/ 1/ 2006, Access s on r ng l d li u ngy thng v thi t l p ki u d li u cho tr ng ny l Date/Time. N u nh v i m t tr ng m d li u b n nh p vo cho n thu c nhi u ki u khc nhau, khi Access s khng th xc nh c tr ng thu c ki u g v n t ng gn cho tr ng l d li u ki u Text. Ki u d li u c a tr ng s quy t nh nh ng thu c tnh m n c th c. V d b n ch c th thi t l p thu c tnh Append Only cho tr ng ki u Hyperlink v tr ng ki u Memo. C r t nhi u tr ng h p Access hi u l m ki u d li u m b n mu n thi t l p v b n ph i thay i l i ki u d li u cho tr ng . V d , b n c m t tr ng lu s phng trong trong khch s n, b n nh p d li u cho tr ng l 10/2001, v i ch c nng t tm ki m Access s ki m tra v gn cho tr ng ny ki u d li u ngy thng, nhng th c t b n ch mu n lu d li u tr ng ny ki u Text. s a l i ki u d li u cho tr ng ny b n lm nh sau: - Trn Ribbon nh p ch n Tab Datasheet. - Trong danh sch Data Type c a nhm Data Type & Forrmatting b n ch n ki u d li u m b n mu n.

Cc ki u d li u s n c trong Access. Data type Text Use to store S d ng cho vn b n ho c s nhng khng dng tnh Size T a 255 k t

ton. Memo S d ng lu tr k t , vn b n, ho c cc nh r ng Rich Text. Lu tr gi tr s nguyn. T i a 01 GB cho k t .

Number

1, 2, 4, ho c 8 bytes, ho c 16 bytes khi s d ng cho tr ng ID 8 bytes.

Date/Time

D li u ki u ngy thng Lu gi tr ki u ti n t Gi tr nguyn c t ng thm vo khi Insert m t b n ghi. Gi tr ki u Logic

Currency

8 bytes.

AutoNumber

4 bytes, 16 bytes

Yes/No

1 bit (8 bits = 1 byte). T i a gigabyte. 1

OLE Object

Lu tr nhng.

i t ng

Attachment

Lu tr Pictures, Images, Binary files, Office files. Lu tr k t. cc kin

C th ln t i 2 gigabytes

Hyperlink

C th 2Gb

ln t i

Lookup Wizard

S d ng khi b n mu n t o ra tr ng Look up (tm ki m). hi n th d i d ng m t Combo cho php ch n d li u t ngu n c khai bo

T ng ng gi tr tm ki m tr v

Ch : Dung l ng t i a m Access dnh cho m t Database l 2 Gigabyte. Thay i nh d ng c a tr ng

Ngoi vi c thi t l p ki u d li u cho m t tr ng m i b n cn c th thi t l p thu c tnh Format cho tr ng . V d , n u b n nh p vo 10 gi 50 pht sng, Access s thi t l p ki u d li u l Data/Time v thu c tnh Format l Medium Time. thay i thu c tnh Format c a tr ng ny b n lm nh sau: Trn Ribbon, nh p ch n tab Datasheet. Trong danh sch Format, trong nhm Data Type & Formatting, ch n ki u nh d ng m b n mu n thi t l p.

Ch : Trong danh sch Format ch c nh ng gi tr s n c v n thay i ty thu c vo ki u d li u c a tr ng . ch Design View Khc v i ch hi n th Datasheet View, ch Design View b n c th thi t l p cho tr ng b t c thu c tnh no m b n mu n. ch ny, b n thi t l p ki u d li u cho tr ng trong b ng l i.

V thi t l p thu c tnh khc cho tr ng trn Pane Field Properties. M b ng ch Design View ch Design View b n lm nh sau: thi t l p ki u d li u cho tr ng

Trn Pane Navigation, nh p ph i chu t vo b ng c n m ch n Design View.

B ng xu t hi n ch Design View, trong l i thi t k b n ch n t i tr ng c n thay i ki u d li u. Trong c t Data Type, l a ch n l a ch n ki u d li u t danh sch xu ng. Thi t l p cc thu c tnh khc cho tr ng Trong b ng l i thi t k , ch n tr ng m b n mu n thi t l p thu c tnh. Access s hi n th nh ng thu c tnh c a tr ng trong Pane Field Properties.

Ch : Ki u d li u c a tr ng xc nh nn nh ng thu c tnh m tr ng c th c. Trong Pane Field Properties, ch n t i nh ng thu c tnh c n thi t l p c t th nh t v i n l i gi tr c t ti p theo, b n cng c th s d ng phm F6 chuy n i qua l i gi a l i danh sch tr ng pha trn v Pane Field properties. Khi lm vi c v i nh ng thng tin d ng Text b n c th s d ng phm Shift + f2 b t h p tho i Zoom, v i h p tho i ny b n s c nhi u khng gian hn so n th o. V d trong tr ng h p ny ti t tr chu t vo dng u tin c a c t Description r i nh p Shift + F2 h p tho i Zoom xu t hi n nh hnh d i y:

Lu l i b ng Sau khi t o, ch nh s a b ng, b n nn lu l i cc thi t k . Khi b n lu b ng l n u tin, hy nh p vo tn cho b ng qua h p tho i thng bo c a Access. Tn b ng c ngha m t n i dung d li u m b ng ang ch a. B n c th nh p tn b ng l cc k t ho c ch s v bao g m c kho ng tr ng nhng khng c qu 64 k t . lu l i b ng b n c th nh p tr c ti p t h p phm Ctrl + S ho c t nt Microsoft Office Button , b n ch n Save.

Bi 3. Lm vi c v i Query Khi b n mu n thm, s a i ho c xa d li u trong Database, b n nn s d ng cc query. V i vi c s d ng Query, b n c th tr l i c r t nhi u cu h i c th v d li u m b n hi n c, trong khi vi c s r t kh khn n u b n truy c p th ng vo cc b ng. B n c th s d ng cc Query l c d li u, th c hi n nh ng php tnh v i d li u ho c tm t t d li u. B n cng c th s d ng cc Query t ng qu n l d li u v xem xt cc thay i trong d li u tr c khi cho php th c hi n nh ng thay i . M t Query l m t yu c u n c s d li u v k t qu tr v l d li u ho c ho t ng (Action) di n ra trn c s d li u . B n c th s d ng m t Query (truy v n) tr l i m t cu h i n gi n, th c hi n php tnh, k t h p d li u t cc b ng khc nhau, ho c th m ch c th thm, thay i, ho c xo cc b ng d li u. Cc truy v n m b n s d ng l y d li u t m t b ng ho c th c hi n cc php tnh c g i l truy v n l a ch n. Cc truy v n m thm, thay i, ho c xa d li u c g i l truy v n hnh ng. Trong phn ny chng ti s cung c p cho cc b n nh ng thng tin c b n v cc truy v n cng v i n l cc v d v cc lo i hnh khc nhau c a cc truy v n. B d m s n cng c th s d ng truy v n cung c p d li u cho m t Form ho c m t Report. M t c s li u c thi t k t t th d li u m b n mu n hi n th ln Form ho c Report th ng n m t s b ng khc nhau. B ng cch s d ng truy v n, b n c th lin k t cc d li u m b n mu n d ng l i v i nhau tr c khi a ln Form ho c Report.

Ch : Cc v d trong bi ny s d ng Database Northwind c s n trong Template c a Microsoft Access 2007. thi t l p Northwind 2007 b n lm theo cc b c sau: B c 1: Kh i ng Microsoft Access 2007 B c 2: Nh p ch n nt Microsoft Office Button , sau ch n New.

B c 3: Trong Pane bn tri, d i m c Template Categories ch n Local Templates

B c 4: Trong ph n Local Template ch n Northwind 2007 sau nh p Create. B c 5: Ti p theo trang Northwind Traders xu t hi n b n nh p nt Close ng c a s ny l i. 3.1. Tm ki m m t nhm d li u trong b ng i khi b n mu n xem xt t t c d li u t m t b ng, nhng nh ng l n khc, b n l i ch mu n xem d li u m t s tr ng, ho c b n l i mu n xem m t m t s tr ng nhng ph i p ng m t vi tiu ch no , V i nh ng yu c u nh v y b n c th s d ng cc truy v n. Gi s b n mu n xem xt m t danh sch cc s n ph m v gi c c a chng. B n c th t o m t truy v n m tr v thng tin s n ph m v gi c b ng cch s d ng th t c sau y: B c 1: M Northwind 2007. B c 2: Trn Tab Create tm t i nhm Other nh p ch n Query Design.

B c 3: Trn h p tho i Show Table tm t i Tab Tables ch n Products r i nh p Add.

B c 4: Nh p Close ng h p tho i Show Table. B c 5: Trn mn hnh thi t k Query tm t i b ng Products, nh p p chu t ln hai tr ng l Product Name v List Price thm tr ng vo l i thi t k Query.

Sau khi nh p ch n hai tr ng trong b ng Products k t qu s c nh hnh d i y:

B c 6: Trn Tab Design trong nhm Results nh p ch n Run ch y th Query.

K t qu s c nh hnh d i y:

3.2. Xem d li u ng th i t nhi u b ng

Nh ng b ng bi u c thi t k t t th ng mang theo cc m i quan h v i cc b ng khc. Nh ng m i quan h ny t n t i trn c s cc b ng c chung tr ng quan h . Khi b n mu n xem d li u t nhi u b ng lin quan b n c th s d ng truy v n l a ch n. Gi m b n mu n xem xt l i n t hng c a m t khch hng s ng t i thnh ph no . D li u v n t hng v cc d li u v khch hng c lu tr trong hai b ng trn cng m t c s d li u. M i b ng c m t Customer_Id, v hai b ng ny quan h v i nhau d ng m t nhi u. B n c th t o m t truy v n m k t qu tr v l n hng c a m t khch m t thnh ph c th no , v d nh Las Vegas, b ng cch th c hi n cc b c d i y: B c 1: M Northwind 2007. B c 2: Trn Tab Create, trn nhm Other, nh p ch n Query Design.

B c 3: Trong h p tho i Show Table, trn Tab Tables nh p p chu t vo b ng Customers v Orders.

B c 4: Nh p nt Close ng h p tho i Show Table. K t qu s c nh hnh d i y:

Ch : Gi a hai b ng c m t ng Line k t n i gi a tr ng Id c a b ng khch hng Customer Id c a b ng Orders. y l ng Line hi n th m i qua h gi a hai b ng. B c 5: Trong b ng Customers, nh p p chu t vo tr ng Company v City thm nh ng tr ng vo ph n l i thi t k Query. B c 6: Trn l i thi t k Query, trn c t ch a tr ng City, b tch ch n trn hng Show c a c t ny.

B c 7: Trn dng Criteria c a c t City, b n g vo gi tr l Las Vegas. Xa tch ch n dng Show k t qu tr v c a Query khng hi n th thng tin ny, v g i u ki n Las Vegas trn dng Criteria k t qu tr v c a Query ch l y nh ng khch hng thnh ph Las Vegas. B c 8: Trn b ng Orders nh p p vo tr ng Order Id v tr ng Order Date b xung thm 2 tr ng ny ln l i thi t k Query. K t qu trn l i s c hi n th nh hnh d i y:

B c 9: Trn Tab Design tm t i nhm Results nh p Run ch y bo co.

K t qu Query tr v nh hnh d i y:

B c 10: Nh p t h p phm Ctrl + S lu l i Query, m t h p tho i thng bo xu t hi n b n nh p vo tn cho Query l Orders by city r i nh p Ok.

3.3. S d ng Parameters v i Query i khi b n mu n ch y m t truy v n m ch hi khc v i m t yu c u tm ki m hi n t i. B n c th thay i truy v n nguyn th y s d ng i u ki n m i c a b n, nhng n u b n th ng xuyn mu n ch y cc bi n th c a m t truy v n c th , hy cn nh c vi c s d ng m t tham s truy v n. Khi b n ch y m t tham s truy v n, truy v n s nh c b n i n gi tr vo cho tr ng, n s s d ng gi tr m b n v a cung c p t o ra cc i u ki n (Criteria) cho truy v n c a b n. Trong v d tr c, b n t o ra m t truy v n m k t qu tr v l nh ng n hng c a nh ng khc hng thnh ph Las vegas. B n c th ch nh s a truy v n thng bo cho ng i dng nh p vo thnh ph c n tm, trong khi ch y truy v n. D i y l cc b c t o m t truy v n nh v y. B c 1: M Database Northwind 2007 B c 2: Nh p ch n Shutter Bar hi n th Pane Navigation B c 3: Trong Pane Navigation, nh p ph i chu t vo Query c tn Orders by city m b n t o ph n tr c, menu xu t hi n ch n Design View.

B c 4: Trong l i thi t k Query, dng Criteria c a c t City xa b gi tr Las Vegas nh p vo n i dung [For what city?], chu i [For what city?] l n i thng bo cho Parameters c a b n. D u ngo c vung cho th y r ng b n mu n truy v n hi n th thng bo v Parameter c n nh p vo, v n i dung vn b n (trong tr ng h p ny: For what city?) L m t cu h i hi n th trn thng bo. B c 5: Nh p ch n d u tch trn dng Show c a c t City hi n th c t ny trn k t qu c a Query.

B c 6: Trn Tab Design tm t i nhm Results, nh p Run ch y th Query.

Access s hi n th h p tho i yu c u nh p vo thnh ph m b n mu n xem.

B c 7: Gi s y.

y b n nh p New York r i nh p Enter chng ta s c k t qu nh hnh d i

B c 8: N u nh b n khng mu n nh p vo gi tr chnh xc, tham s c th m m d o hn, b n c th s d ng k t i di n trong chu i i u ki n (Criteria). lm c i u ny b n th c hi n ti p cc b c d i y. B c 9: T Tab Home tm t i nhm Views ch n nt View trn nt l nh xu ng b n ch n Design.

B c 10: Trn l i thi t k Query t i dng Criteria c a c t City b n nh p vo n i dung d i y: Like [For what city?]&"*"

Trong n i dung thng bo ny, t kha Like, ton t & v d u (*) cho php cho php ng i s d ng g vo m t gi tr m c s k t h p gi a cc k t v i nhau tr v nhi u hn cc k t qu . V d , n u ng i dng g vo k t (*), truy v n s tr v t t c cc thnh ph , n u ng i s d ng cc lo i L, truy v n s tm ki m v tr l i t t c cc thnh ph m b t u b ng ch "L" v n u ng i dng g * s *, truy v n tr v t t c cc thnh ph m tn ch a ch "s". B c 11: Trn Tab Design tm t i nhm Result nh p ch n Run. D i y l k t qu khi b n g vo Parameter l *.

3.4. Th c hi n tnh ton trn c s d li u Thng th ng b n khng s d ng b ng lu tr cc tr ng tnh ton b i v nh ng gi tr c th c d a trn r t nhi u thng tin cc b ng khc nhau trong cng m t c s d li u. V d , b ng Order Details trong Database Northwind 2007 khng lu gi gi tr t ng con s n ph m, b i n c tnh ton t cc tr ng Quantity, Unit Price v Discount cng trong b ng ny. Trong m t s tr ng h p, cc tr tnh ton s tr nn khng ph h p, l i th i (out-of-date), b i v cc gi tr t o nn n thay i. V d , b n khng mu n lu l i tu i c a ai trong m t b ng, b i v m i nm b n s c n ph i c p nh t l i nh ng gi tr , thay vo , b n c th lu tr ngy thng nm sinh c a ng i ny, sau khi c n s d ng b n ch c n vi t m t truy v n tnh ra tu i c a ng i d a trn d li u ngy thng nm sinh v ngy hi n t i. B n s d ng th t c sau y tnh t ng con s n ph m d a trn d li u t b ng Order Details. B c 1: M c s d li u Northwind 2007

B c 2: Trn Tab Create, tm t i nhm Other ch n Query Design.

B c 3: Trong h p tho i Show Table, trong tab Tables, nh p p chu t ch n Order Details.

B c 4: Nh p Close ng c a s ny B c 5: Trn b ng Order Details, nh p p chu t vo tr ng Product ID thm tr ng vo c t u tin trn l i thi t k Query.

B c 6:

c t th 2 trn l i thi t k Query, nh p ph i chu t vo hng Field r i ch n Zoom.

H p tho i Zoom xu t hi n.

B c 7: Trong h p tho i Zoom, g vo n i dung d i y. Subtotal: ([Quantity]*[Unit Price])-([Quantity]*[Unit Price]*[Discount])

Nh p Ok ch p nh n gi tr . B c 8: Trn Tab Design ch n t i nhm Results, r i nh p Run.

K t qu s c nh hnh d i y

B c 9: Cu i cng nh p Ctrl + S lu l i Query, trong h p tho i nh c nh p tn b n nh p vo tn cho Query l: Product Subtotals.

3.5. T ng h p ho c tnh t ng d li u Khi b n s d ng b ng ghi l i cc giao d ch ho c lu tr d li u pht sinh, t i m t th i i m no b n hon ton c th t ng h p, th ng k chng v nh tnh t ng hay trung bnh, Microsoft Office Access 2007 cung c p m t tnh nng m i, m t dng t ng c ng, cho php b n t ng h p d li u m t cch n gi n trong b t k Datasheet no nh Form, Query, Report, Hy th ch c nng ny b ng cch thm m t dng t ng c ng vo Query Product Subtotals m b n v a t o ph n tr c. B c 1: Ch y Query Product Subtotals ch hi n th Datasheet View.

B c 2: Trn Tab Home, trong nhm Records nh p ch n Totals.

M t dng m i xu t hi n pha d i y c a Datasheet v i dng ch Total

c t u tin.

B c 3: Nh p ch n vo Cell u tin

dng cu i cng c a Datasheet (dng Total).

V y l d li u ki u Text v v y ch c hai l a ch n cho b n t ng h p d li u l None v Count, y b n ch n Count. B c 4: Ti p t c nh p ch n c t th 2.

V y l tr ng s nn b n c r t nhi u l a ch n t ng h p d li u, trong tr ng h p ny b n ch n Sum tnh t ng c t Subtotal. B c 5: K t qu cu i cng Query s hi n th nh hnh d i y.

T o ra m t Query tnh t ng ph c t p hn Dng t ng c ng m cc b n v a th c hi n trn Datasheet c th m nh ring c a n truy nhin i v i nh ng cu h i ph c t p hn b n nn s d ng Query t ng c ng. Query t ng c ng b n ch t l m t Query l a ch n m cho php b n c th nhm ho c t ng h p d li u. V d , gi s b n mu n xem t ng s doanh thu trn m i s n ph m. Trong Query t ng c ng b n c th s d ng hm Sum l m t trong nh ng hm th ng k ( SUM, COUNT, AVG, ) xem t ng s doanh thu trn m i s n ph m. S d ng cc th t c sau y s a query Product Subtotals n c t ng h p theo t ng s n ph m. B c 1: Ch n t i Query Product Subtotals v m n ch Design View.

B c 2: T Tab Design ch n t i nhm Show/Hide nh p ch n Totals.

M t dng Totals s xu y hi n trn l i thi t k Query.

Ch : M c d u cng tn nhng dng Totals trn l i thi t k v dng Total trn Datasheet khng gi ng nhau. B c 3: c t th 2 trn l i thi t k Query, trn dng Total b n ch n gi tr Sum trong h p Combo xu ng.

B c 4: Trn Tab Design tm t i nhm Result ch n Run ch y th Query, k t qu s c nh hnh d i y:

B c 5: Cu i cng nh p Ctrl + S lu l i Query 3.6. T o m t b ng t nhi u b ng khc. B n c th s d ng make-table query t o m t b ng m i t d li u c lu tr khc. nhi u b ng

V d , gi s b n mu n g i d li u v n hng cho cc i tc Chicago v b n s d ng Access l p bo co. Thay v g i cho h t t c cc d li u v n t hng, b n mu n gi i h n nh ng d li u c g i i ch l nh ng n t hng Chicago. B n c th xy d ng m t Query l a ch n ch ch a nh ng n hng Chicago, v sau s d ng Query ny t o m t b ng d li u m i. D i y l cc b c th c hi n nh ng cng vi c . B c 1: M c s d li u Northwind 2007 B c 2: ch y m t make-table query, b n c n ph i kch ho t tnh nng enable the database content n u tr c b n m n ch Untrusted. B n nh p ch n Options trn thanh Message Bar, xu t hi n pha d i Ribbon.

H p tho i Microsoft Office Security Options xu t hi n b n nh p ch n m c Enable this content r i nh p Ok. C a s Login Dialog xu t hi n, b n hy ng c a s ny l i.

B c 3: Trn Tab Create tm t i nhm Other nh p ch n Query Design.

B c 4: Trong h p tho i Show Table nh p p vo m c Order Details v Orders.

B c 5: nh p Close ng h p tho i Show Table. B c 6: Trn b ng Orders b n nh p p vo l n l t cc tr ng Customer ID v Ship City b xung nh ng tr ng ny ln l i thi t k Query.

B c 7: Trn b ng Order Details lm tng t nh Quantity, Unit Price v Discount.

b c 6 v i cc tr ng Order ID, Product ID,

B c 8: c t Ship City trn l i thi t k Query, xa b nt Check dng Show. Trn dng Criteria b n g vo gi tr Chicago. Ch y th Query bi t k t qu truy v n tr c khi chng ta t o b ng

B c 9: Trn Tab Design tm t i nhm Results nh p ch n Run, k t qu Query tr v nh hnh d i y:

B c 10: By gi hy lu Query l i v i tn Chicago Orders Query.

B c 11: Trn Tab Home tm t i nhm Views nh p ch n View trong h p Combo xu ng b n ch n Design View.

B c 12: Trn Tab Design tm t i nhm Query Type b n ch n Make Table.

H p tho i Make Table xu t hi n nh hnh d i y:

B c 13: Trong h p tho i ny b n tm t i Table Name g vo t tn cho b ng l Chicago Orders v nh p Ok.

B c 14: Trn Tab Design tm t i nhm Results ch n Run. B c 15: M t h p tho i xc nh n xu t hi n b n ch n Yes.

M t b ng m i s c t o trong Pane Navigation.

3.7. Thm d li u vo b ng t nhi u b ng khc. B n c th s d ng m t Append Query l y d li u t m t ho c nhi u b ng vo m t b ng khc. Gi s b n t o ra m t b ng v chia s n v i nh ng khch hng Chicago cng trong hi p h i, nhng b n nh n ra r ng hi p h i cng lm vi c v i nh ng khch hng khu v c Milwaukee. B n mu n thm nh ng dng d li u ch a nh ng giao d ch v i khu v c ny tr c khi chia s cho hi p h i. B n c th thm d li u v khu v c Milwaukee vo b ng Chicago Orders m b n t o ra tr c theo cc b c b c th c hi n d i y: B c 1: M Query c tn Chicago orders Query ch Design. B c 2: Trn Tab Design tm t i nhm Query Type nh p ch n Append, h p tho i Append xu t hi n. ph n

Trong Combo Table Name b n ch n Chicago Orders sau nh p Ok. Khi h p tho i Append ng l i trn l i Design xu t hi n thm dng Append v dng Show bi n m t.

B c 3: Trn l i thi t k b ng 'Milwaukee.

dng Criteria c a c t Ship City, b n xa gi tr Chicago v thay vo

B c 4: Trn dng Append To ch n tr ng thch h p cho t ng c t. Trong v d ny cc tr ng u c tn gi ng nh cc c t ch tr tr ng i u ki n Ship City. B c 5: Trn Tab Design tm t i nhm Result ch n Run ch y th Query. 3.8. Thay i d li u t ng B n c th s d ng m t Query Update thay i d li u trong cc b ng c a mnh, v b n c th s d ng cc yu c u tm ki m v i Query ny ch n ra nh ng dng c bi t c n c thay i. Query Update cung c p cho b n m t c h i xem xt cc d li u c n thi t tr c khi th c hi n vi c c p nh t. Ch : M t hnh ng c a Query khi th c hi n s khng th hon tc v v y b n c n ph i xem xt Back up d li u c a b t c b ng no m b n s c p nh t l i b ng cch s d ng Query Update. Trong v d tr c, B n thm cc dng m i vo b ng Chicago Orders. Trong b ng ny, tr ng Product ID hi n th s Id c a s n ph m. lm cho d li u d s d ng hn trn bo co, b n c th s mu n thay th cc ID s n ph m b ng tn c a chng. c th thay th cc Id s n ph m, u tin b n ph i i ki u d li u c a tr ng ny t ki u s sang ki u Text, tr ng Product Id c th ch p nh n c d li u c a tr ng Product Name. D i y l cc b c th c hi n: B c 1: M b ng Chicago Orsers ch hi n th Design. B c 2: Trn hng Product ID i ki u d li u t Number thnh ki u Text. B c 3: Lu v ng b ng Chocago Orders l i B c 4: Trn Tab Create tm t i nhm Other, ch n Query Design. B c 5: Trong h p tho i Show Table, nh p p chu t vo 2 b ng Chicago Orders v Products. B c 6: Nh p Close ng h p tho i Show Table. B c 7: Trn Tab Design tm t i nhm Query Type, nh p ch n Update. Trn l i thi t k , 2 dng Sort v Show bi n m t v thay vo l dng Update To.

B c 8: Trong b ng Chicago Orders, nh p p chu t vo tr ng Product Id b xung tr ng ny ln l i thi t k Query. B c 9: Trn l i thi t k , t i dng Update To c a c t Product ID b n nh p vo n i dung d i y: [Products].[Product Name] B c 10: Trn dng Criteria b n nh p vo n i dung d i y: [Product ID] Like ([Products].[ID]) T kha Like c s d ng trong tr ng h p ny l r t c n thi t b i v nh ng tr ng m b n so snh n i dung khc nhau v ki u d li u (tr ng Product ID l ki u Text b n v a i, v tr ng ID l ki u Number). B c 11: B n c th xem xt cc gi tr s b thay i khi th c hi n Query Update b ng cch hi n th Query ch Datasheet. Trn Tab Design, tm t i nhm Results nh p ch n View, trong danh sch xu ng b n ch n Datasheet View. K t qu tr v t Query l m t danh sch cc Product Id m b n s Update. B c 12: Trn Tab Design tm t i nhm Results nh p ch n Run. Khi b n m b ng Chicago Orders, b n s nhn th y cc gi tr s trong tr ng Product ID c thay th b i tn cc s n ph m trong b ng Products. 3.9. Xa d li u t d ng B n c th s d ng m t Query Delete xa d li u trong cc b ng, v b n cng c th s d ng m t Query Delete v i cc i u ki n tm ki m c th xa nh ng b n ghi c bi t. M t Query Delete cung c p cho b n c h i xem xt cc b n ghi s c xo b tr c khi b n th c hi n vi c xa d li u. Gi s b n ang chu n b d li u trong b ng Chicago Orders g i t i hi p h i khc hng Chicago, v b n nh n th y r ng m t s hng ch a cc gi tr r ng. B n mu n lo i b cc hng ny tr c khi g i b ng d li u i. R t n gi n, b n c th m b ng v tm t i nh ng hng xa m t cch th cng, nhng b n s g p v n l n khi s l ng hng c n xa nhi u ln v n m gi i gic cc v tr khc nhau. Khi b n s th y c tc d ng c a Query Delete. D i y l cc b c t o m t Query xa cc dng trong b ng Chicago Orders v i i u ki n tr ng Order ID khng c gi tr , v d i y l cc b c th c hi n. B c 1: Trn Tab Create tm t i nhm Other ch n Query Design. B c 2: Trong h p tho i Show Table, nh p p chu t ch n Chicago Orders. B c 3: Nh p Close ng h p tho i Show Table. B c 4: Trn Tab Design, tm t i nhm Query Type, nh p ch n Delete. Trn l i thi t k , hng Sort v Show bi n m t thay vo l hng Delete. B c 5: Trn b ng Chicago Orders nh p p chu t vo tr ng Order Id thm n vo l i thi t k . B c 6: Trn l i thi t k , dng Criteria c a c t Order ID nh p vo gi tr Is Null. B c 7: Trn Tab Design tm t i nhm Result nh p ch n Run ch y th Query.

Bi 4. Lm vi c v i Form 4.1. T o Form T o Form n gi n b ng Form B n c th s d ng cng c bi u m u (Form) t o ra m t bi u m u ch v i m t l n nh p chu t. Khi b n s d ng cng c ny, t t c cc tr ng t cc ngu n d li u s c t ln bi u m u. B n c th b t u s d ng bi u m u ngay l p t c ho c b n cng c th ch nh s a n ch Layout View ho c Design View n ph h p hn v i nhu c u s d ng c a mnh. Cc b c t o Form b ng cch s d ng cng c Form. B c 1: Trn Pane Navigation, nh p ch n Table ho c Query ch a d li u m b n mu n hi n th ln Form.

B c 2: T Tab Create tm t i nhm Forms, nh p ch n Form.

Access s t o ra m t Form v hi n th n ch Layout View. Trong Layout View, b n c th th c hi n cc thay i v m t hnh th c ngay c khi Form ang hi n th d li u. V d , b n c th i u ch nh kch th c c a cc TextBox chng ph h p v i nh ng d li u ang hi n th .

N u Access tm th y m t b ng m c m i quan h m t nhi u v i m t b ng ho c m t Query khc cng s d ng t o nn Form, Access s thm m t Datasheet n a vo Form d a trn m i quan h c a b ng v i m t b ng ho c m t Query khc. V d , n u b n t o m t bi u m u n gi n d a trn cc b ng Employees, v c m t m i quan h m t nhi u c xc nh gi a b ng Employees v b ng Orders, m t Datasheet hi n th t t c cc b n ghi c a b ng Orders m lin quan n b n ghi hi n th i c a b ng Employee. B n c th xa cc Datasheet trn Form n u b n quy t nh khng c n n n. Trong tr ng h p c nhi u hn m t b ng c m i quan h m t nhi u v i b ng m b n s d ng t o From, Access cng s khng thm cc Datasheet khc vo bi u m u. T o Split Form b ng cng c Split Form. Split Form l m t ch c nng m i trong Microsoft Office Access 2007 n cung c p cho b n hai ch hi n th d li u cng m t lc Form View v Datasheet View. Hai ch hi n th c k t n i t i cng m t ngu n d li u v ng b v i nhau t i m i th i i m. Ch n m t tr ng trong ph n ny cng chnh l ch n tr ng trong ph n cn l i c a bi u m u. B n c th thm, ch nh s a, ho c xa d li u t m t trong hai ph n hi n th . Lm vi c v i cc Split Form s cung c p cho b n nh ng l i ch c a c hai ki u hi n th d li u nhng l i c b tr trn m t bi u m u duy nh t. V d , b n c th s d ng ph n Datasheet c a bi u m u tm ki m cc b n ghi v s d ng ph n cn l i hi n th chi ti t v ch nh s a d li u. Cc b c t o m t Split Form b ng cch s d ng cng c Split Form. B c 1: Trn Pane Navigation, nh p ch n Table ho c Query ch a d li u m b n mu n t o Form, ti p theo b n m b ng ho c Query ch Datasheet View. B c 2: Trn Tab Create tm t i nhm Form ch n Split Form.

Access s t o ra m t Form m i v hi n th trn Layout View. Trong Layout View, b n c th thay i cc thi t k cho Form ngay khi n ang hi n th d li u.

T o Form s d ng cng c Multiple Items. Khi b n t o m t Form b ng cch s d ng cng c Simple Form, t i m t th i i m Form ny ch hi n th c duy nh t m t b n ghi. N u b n mu n c m t Form c th hi n th nhi u b n ghi v c th ty ch nh ti n d ng hn trn Datasheet m t lc b n c th s d ng cng c Multiple Items. D i y l cc b c th c hi n B c 1: Trn Pane Navigation nh p ch n Table ho c Query ch a d li u m b n mu n hi n th ln Form. B c 2: Trn Tab Create tm t i nhm Forms nh p ch n Multiple Items .

Access s t o ra m t Form v hi n th n ch Layout View. ch ny b n c th thay i cc thi t k cho Form ngay khi n ang hi n th d li u. V d nh b n c th thay i r ng cc TextBox ch a d li u,

Khi b n s d ng cng c Multiple Items, Form c t o ra s tng t nh khi chng ta hi n th b ng ch Datasheet. D li u trn Form c s p x p theo cc hng v c t v t i m t th i i m cho php b n th y nhi u hn m t b n ghi. Tuy nhin, m t Form Multiple Items Form cho php b n c th ty ch nh nhi u hn khi hi n th d li u trong b ng ch Datasheet, ch ng h n nh kh nng thm cc y u t h a vo Form, cc nt Button hay nhi u cc i u khi n khc. T o Form s d ng Forn Wizard. c thm l a ch n v nh ng tr ng g xu t hi n trn Form, b n c th s d ng cng c Form Wizard thay v cc cng c m chng ta c tm hi u cc ph n tr c. B n cng c th xc nh xem d li u nh th no th c nhm, c s p x p, v b n cng th s d ng cc tr ng t nhi u hn m t b ng ho c m t Query. Cc b c t o Form v i cng c Form Wizard. B c 1: Trn Tab Create, tm t i nhm Forms, nh p ch n More Form r i ch n Form Wizards.

B c 2: Theo cc b c h ng d n trn cc h p tho i Form Wizards. Ch n tr ng c n hi n th ln Form.

Ch n Layout cho Form

Ch n ki u Style cho Form.

B c 3: Cu i cng nh p Fininh hon t t.

K t qu chng ta s c Form nh hnh d i y.

T o Form s d ng cng c Blank Form N u Winzard ho c m t cng c t o Form no tr c y m cha p ng c yu c u c a b n, b n c th s d ng ch c nng Blank Form. Cng c ny l cch nhanh nh t xy d ng m t Form, c bi t n u b n d nh ch hi n th m t vi tr ng ln Form. Cc b c t o Form v i cng c Blank Form B c 1: Trn Tab Create tm t i nhm Forms nh p ch n Balnk Form Access s m m t Form tr ng .

ch Design View, v hi n th Pane Field List.

B c 2: Trn Pane Field List, nh p ch n vo nt c hnh (+) xem chi ti t cc tr ng trong b ng ho c Query m b n mu n hi n th ln Form. B c 3: thm m t tr ng ln Form b n nh p ch n tr ng r i ko th ln Form. thm nhi u tr ng cng m t lc b n gi a phm Ctrl sau tch ch n nh ng tr ng c n thm r i ko th cung m t lc ln From. B c 4: S d ng cc cng c trong nhm Controls trn Tab Formatting thm Logo, tiu , s trang, ho c ngy thng, .

B c 5: N u b n mu n thm cc Control ph c t p hn ln Form b n ph i chuy n sang ch Design View, mu n chuy n v ch ny b n nh p ph i chu t vo Form r i ch n Design View , sau s d ng cc cng c trong nhm Controls trn Tab Design thm chng ln Form.

4.2. Tm hi u v cc Controls.

Controls l cc i t ng dng hi n th d li u, th c hi n cc s ki n, v cho php b n xem v lm vi c v i cc thng tin trn giao di n ng i dng, v d nh cc hnh nh hay cc nhn thng bo. Control c s d ng nhi u nh t l TextBox cc i u khi n khc c th k n nh Lable, Check Box, . Controls c th l Control rng bu c, khng rng bu c ho c Control tnh ton. - i u khi n rng bu c: M t i u khi n c cc ngu n d li u l m t tr ng trong m t b ng ho c Query c g i l Control rng bu c. B n s d ng cc Control (i u khi n) rng bu c hi n th cc gi tr c a tr ng trong c s d li u. Nh ng gi tr c th d ng vn b n, d ng s , ngy thng, hnh nh, ki u logic, V d , m t TextBox trn Form hi n th tn c a m t nhn vin, i u khi n ny l y d li u t tr ng Last Name c a b ng Employees. - i u khi n khng rng bu c: M t Control m khng c g n v i m t ngu n d li u (ch ng h n nh m t tr ng hay bi u th c) c g i l m t Control khng ki m sot. B n s d ng cc i u khi n ny hi n th thng tin, cc ng Line, hnh ch nh t, hay cc hnh nh. V d , m t Lable hi n th tiu c a m t Form c g i l m t Control khng ki m sot. - i u khi n tnh ton: M t i u khi n c ngu n d li u l m t bi u th c ch khng ph i l m t tr ng, c g i l i u ki n tnh ton. B n ch r gi tr m b n mu n s d ng nh l ngu n c a d li u trn i u khi n bng cch nh ngha m t bi u th c. V d sau y tnh gi c a m t danh m c sau khi tr i 25% gi m gi, gi tr cong l i ch l 0.75. =[Unit Price] * 0.75 M t bi u th c c th s d ng d li u t m t tr ng trong b ng ho c Query, ho c d li u t cc i u khi n khc trn Form . Khi b n t o ra m t Form, c l n hi u qu nh t thm v s p x p t t c cc i u khi n rng bu c u tin, c bi t l n u chng chi m ph n l n cc i u khi n v form. Sau b n c th thm vo i u khi n khng rng bu c v i u khi n tnh ton r ng vi c thi t k hon ton b ng cch s d ng cc cng c trong cc nhm Controls trn tab Design trong Design view. B n t o rng bu c i u khi n m t tr ng xc nh cc tr ng t ki m sot c cc d li u. B n c th t o m t i u khi n rng bu c v i tr ng c l a ch n b ng cch ko cc ko t Field List vo forrm. Field List hi n th nh ng tr ng c a cc b ng ho c truy v n. hi n th Field List, nh n ALT + F8, ho c trn tab Design, trong nhm Tools, nh p ch n Add Existing Field. Khi b n nh p p chu t vo m t tr ng trong pane Field List, Access s thm m t i u khi n tng ng v i tr ng trn Form. Ngoi ra, b n c th rng bu c m t tr ng vo m t i u khi n b ng cch g tr c ti p tn tr ng vo i u khi n , ho c thi t l p gi tr cho thu c tnh Control Source c a i u khi n l tn tr ng c a tr ng d li u. Cc thu c tnh xc nh cc c tnh c a Control nh l tn, ngu n d li u, ho c l nh d ng, m h p tho i Property sheet hy nh n phm F4. S d ng Pane Field List l cch t t nh t t o m t Control r ng bu c v hai l do sau y: - Access s t ng nh km m t i u khi n Lable c g n s n tn c a tr ng , v v y b n khng ph i g cc nhn cho nh ng Control c a mnh. - Access s t ng thi t l p r t nhi u thu c tnh ph h p v i gi tr c a tr ng m b n ang lm vi c (v d nh Format, Decimal Places, Input mask) N u b n t o ra m t i u khi n khng rng bu c v b n l i mu n rng bu c n vo m t tr ng no , b n hy thi t l p thu c tnh Control Source cho i u ki n ny gi tr l tn tr ng c n rng bu c gi tr . 4.3. Tm hi u v Control Layout. i u khi n Layouts cho php b n cn ch nh cc i u ki n trn Form theo c chi u ngang v chi u d c. chng xu t hi n trn Form theo m t nh d ng th ng nh t. B n c th xem Control Layout

nh m t b ng, ch a cc m n i dung trong m i l cc Control. Sau y l cch thm, lo i b , ho c s p x p cc i u ki n trn Control Layout. i u khi n Layout c 2 d ng m t l d ng b ng v d ng th 2 l d ng ngn x p (Stacked). - Trn i u khi n Layout d ng b ng, cc i u khi n trong n c s p x p thnh cc hng v c t gi ng nh m t b ng bi u, v i cc Lable c t trn u. i u khi n Layout d ng b ng lun chia Form thnh 2 vng, m t ch a cc i u khi n hi n th pha d i, v m t l vng pha trn ch a cc Lable.

Trn i u khi n Layout ki u ngn x p, cc i u khi n trn c b tr theo chi u d c gi ng nh trn m t trang gi y, v i m i Lable bn tri c a t ng i u khi n. Khc v i i u ki n Layout ki u b ng, i u khi n Layout ki u ngn x p lun ch a cc Control m t khu v c duy nh t trn Form.

B n c th thi t k nhi u Control Layout m t trong hai ki u ni trn, trn cng m t Form. V d , b n c th c m t Control Layout d ng b ng t o dng d li u cho t ng b n ghi, v m t ho c nhi u Control Layout d ng ngn x p pha d i ch a nhi u hn cc thng tin c a cng b n ghi . T o m i m t Control Layout Access t ng t o ra Control Layout d ng ngn x p trong cc tr ng h p sau y: - T o m t Form m i b ng cch nh p chu t co nt Form trong nhm Forms trn Tab Create.

- B n t o m t Form m i b ng cch nh p vo nt Blank Form trong nhm Forms trn Tab Create sau ko th cc tr ng c n hi n th ln Form trong Pane Field List.

Trn m t Form t n t i b n c th t o m i Control Layout theo cc b c d i y:

B c 1: Ch n i u khi n m b n mu n b xung vo Layout. B c 2: N u b n mu n thm nhi u Control khc nhau ln cng m t Layout, b n gi phm Shift sau tch ch n nh ng Control c n thm. B c 3: Sau c th lm theo m t trong nh ng cch sau y: - Trn Tab Arrange, tm t i nhm Control Layout nh p ch n Tabular ho c Stacked . ho c

- Nh p ph i chu t ch n m t ho c nhi u Control, ch t i Layout sau ch n Tabular . Stacked Chuy n m t Control Layout t d ng b ng sang d ng ngn x p v ng c l i. chuy n ki u c a m t Control Layout t d ng ny sang d ng khc b n lm nh sau: - Ch n Control Layout b ng cch nh p ch n vo Select trong Layout s c ch n. - Sau b n lm theo m t trong cc cch sau:

B ng m t trong 2 cch trn Access s t o Control Layout v thm cc i u khi n c ch n ln .

gc tri c a Layout. Ton b cc Cell

+ Trn Tab Arange tm t i nhm Control Layout nh p ch n ki u Layout mu n t o (Tabular ho c Stacked ). + Nh p ph i chu t ch n m t ho c nhi u Control, ch t i Layout sau ch n Tabular Stacked . Access s t ng s p x p l i c Control tron Layout theo d ng m b n ch n. Chia m t Control thnh hai d ng. B n c th chia m t Control Layout thnh d ng khc nhau theo cc b c d i y: B c 1: Gi a phm Shift sau nh p ch n cc Control m b n mu n di chuy n thnh m t d ng Control Layout m i. B c 2: Sau lm theo m t trong hai cch sau y: - Trn Tab Arange tm t i nhm Control Layout nh p ch n ki u Layout mu n t o (Tabular ho c Stacked ). - Nh p ph i chu t ch n m t ho c nhi u Control, ch t i Layout sau ch n Tabular Stacked . ho c ho c

B ng m t trong hai cch trn Access s t o ra m t Control Layout m i v thm ln nh ng i u khi n m b n v a ch n. S p x p l i cc Control trn m t Control Layout B n c th di chuy n m t Control trn Control Layout b ng cch ko th n t i v tr m b n mu n. Cng nh l vi c di chuy n v tr cc tr ng trong b ng, Thanh cu n ngang d c s cho bi t ni b n c th th nt chu t. B n cng c th di chuy n m t Control t m t Control layout ny sang m t Control Layout khc m chng c cng ki u nh d ng. V d , b n c th ko m t Control t m t Control Layout d ng ngn x p sang m t Control Layout cng d ng ngn x p khc ch khng ph i m t Control Layout d ng b ng. Thm Control vo m t Control Layout thm m t tr ng m i t Pane Field List vo m t Control Layout t n t i b n lm nh sau:

Ko th o tr ng t Pane Field List vo Control layout. Thanh cu n ngang, d c s cho b n bi t ni b n s th gi nt trn chu t. thm m t Control t n t i vo m t Control Layout c b n lm nh sau: B c 1: Ch n Control u tin m b n mu n thm vo Control Layout. B c 2: N u b n mu n thm cc nhi u Control trn cng m t Layout, b n gi phm Shift r i tch ch n l n l t cc Control. Ngoi ra b n cng c th ch n cc control trn Layout khc. B c 3: Ko th cc tr ng cc tr ng c ch n vo Layout. Thanh cu n ngang, d c s bo cho b n bi t v tr c a tr ng m b n c th th gi chu t. B c 4: Trn Tab Arrange trong nhm Control Layout nh p ch n ki u Layout m b n mu n a cc Control vo . N u b n mu n thm cc i u khi n vo Layout d ng b ng b n ch n Tabular , ng c l i b n ch n Stacked . Sau b c ny Access s t o ra m t Layout m i v thm cc i u Control m b n ch n ln . Lo i b Control trn m t Control Layout. Vi c lo i b Control t m t Control Layout cho php b n c th th c hi n Form m khng b nh h ng t i cc i u khi n khc b t k v tr no trn

B n ch n t i Control c n lo i b trn Control Layout. l a ch n nhi u Control m t lc b n gi phm Shift sau tch ch n nhng Control c n l a b . L a ch n t t c cc Control trn Control Layout b n nh p ch n v h p ch n gc trn bn pha tri c a Control Layout. V ti p theo hy lm theo cc b c d i y: - Trn Tab Arrange tm t i nhm Control Layout nh p ch n Remove .

- Nh p ph i chu t vo m t trong nh ng i u khi n c ch n tr t i m c Layout ch n Remove . 4.4. Tm Layout View v Design View. Layout view: Layout View l ch hi n th tr c quan nh t b n c th s d ng trong qu trnh ch nh s a Form, ch ny n cung c p cho b n nh ng cng c m g n nh c th thay i m i th m b n mu n khi lm vi c v i Form trong Microsoft Office Access 2007. ch Layout View, Form ang ch y th c s , v v y b n c th nhn th y d li u xu t hi n trn Form, nhng v n c th thay i nh ng thi t k c a Form ch ny. y l ch hi n th ti n d ng nh t thi t l p r ng c a cc i u khi n cng nh c th th c hi n h u h t cc cng vi c b tr s b c c c a Form trn giao di n ng i dng. M t s cng vi c khng th th c hi n c trong ch Layout View m yu c u ph i chuy n sang ch Design View. Trong nh ng tnh hu ng Access s hi n th thng bo, r ng b n c n ph i chuy n sang ch hi n th Design View th c hi n nh ng cng vi c . Design view: Ch hi n th Design View cho php b n xem chi ti t hn v c u trc Form ang thi t k . Ch ny cho php chng ta c th nhn th y cc ph n Header, Detail, Footer. Form khi hi n th ch Design View s khng ch y v v y b n khng th nhn th y d li u m n ch a bn trong khi ang thay i thi t k . Tuy nhin c m t s cng vi c chnh m b n c th th c hi n d dng ch ny thay v Layout View: - C th thm nhi u hn cc Control ln Form nh cc nhn, hnh nh, ng Line, hnh ch nh t. - Ch nh s a ngu n d li u cho cc TextBox b ng cch s d ng pane Property sheet. - Thay i kch th c c a cc ph n (sections) trn Form, v d nh ph n tiu , ph n chi ti t. - Thay i m t s thu c tnh chnh m khng th thay i c 4.5. Tinh ch nh Forn ch Layout View.

Lm vi c

ch hi n th Layout View

Sau khi b n t o ra m t Form, b n c th d dng tinh ch nh cc thi t k c a n khi hi n th ch Layout View. S d ng d li u th c t nh h ng d n c a b n, b n c th s p x p l i cc i u khi n v i u ch nh kch c c a chng. Cng nh c th thay th cc Control m i trn Form v thi t l p cc thu c tnh cho Form v cc i u khi n trn . chuy n v ch Layout View nh p ph i chu t vo Form trn pane Navigation Pane, ti p theo ch n layout View . Access s hi n th Form ch Layout View. B n c th s d ng Property Sheet ch nh s a thu c tnh cho Form v cc i u khi n trong cc vng (Section) trn Form. Mu n th h p tho i Property Sheet b n nh n phm F4. Chng ta cng c th s d ng Pane Field List thm m t tr ng t m t b ng ho c m t Query ln Form ang thi t k . D i y l m t trong cc cch hi n th Pane Field List: - Trn Tab Formatting, trong nhm Controls ch n Add Existing Fields - Nh p phm Alt + F8 Sau b n c th ko th tr c ti p cc tr ng t Pane Field List vo Form. - thm m t tr ng n gi n, b n nh p p chu t vo n ho c ko th n t Pane Field List vo m t vng nh t nh trn Form ni m b n c n hi n th . - thm nhi u hn m t tr ng, b n gi phm Ctrl sau dng chu t tch ch n nh ng tr ng c n mu n thm. Sau ko th chng ln Form. Lm vi c ch hi n th Design View. B n cng c th tinh ch nh nh ng thi t k c a Form khi lm vi c v i n ch Design view. B n thm cc Control, cc tr ng ln Form b ng cch b xung chng ln l i thi t k . H p tho i Property sheet s cho php b n truy c p m t s l ng l n cc thu c tnh c th thi t l p ch nh s a Form. chuy n Form v ch Design View, hy nh p ph i chu t ln tn Form trong Pane Navigation . sau ch n Design View Access s hi n th Form ch Design View B n c th s d ng h p tho i Property Sheet ch nh s a cc thu c tnh cho Form cng nh cc Control trn Form b ng cch nh n phm F4. B n c th s d ng Pane Field List thm m t tr ng t b ng ho c Query vo thi t k c a Form. Sau y l m t s cch th c hi n - Trn Tab Formatting, tm t i nhm Controls nh p ch n Add Existing Fields - Nh p t h p phm Ctrl + F8 B n c th ko th tr c ti p cc tr ng t Pane Field List ln Form. - thm m t tr ng, hy nh p p chu t vo n ho c ko th t Pane Field List ln Form. - thm nhi u hn m t tr ng, hy gi phm Ctrl r i dng chu t tch ch n nh ng tr ng c n thi t. Sau ko th nh ng tr ng ny ln Form. 4.6. Thm Control ln Form M t s Control c t o ra t ng, v d nh cc Control ph thu c c t o ra khi b n thm m t tr ng t Pane Field List vo Form. Nhi u Control khc cng c th c t o ra ch Design View b ng cch s d ng cc cng c trong nhm Controls trn Tab Design. . .

Ch : nhi u cng c trong nhm Controls ch c th truy c p khi form c a b n c m Design. Xc nh tn c a m t Control

ch

xc nh tn c a m t Control b n ch c n di chu t t i n, Access s hi n th tn c a Control trn Tooltip. S d ng cc c ng c Winzard. B n c th s d ng cng c Wizards c h tr trong qu trnh t o cc Command Button, list boxes, subforms, combo box v option groups. Trn Tab Design tm t i nhm Controls, n u nt Use Control Wizards n u nh n khng sng Control Wizards t t ch ny . . N u b n yu c u t o cc Control m khng c n s tr gip c a Wizards b n hy nh p ch n Use T o m t Control s d ng cc cng c trong nhm Controls. B c 1: Nh p ch n cng c tng ng v i ki u Control m b n mu n thm, v d t o m t h p ki m b n nh p ch n Control TextBox. B c 2: Nh p chu t ln l i thi t k Form, ni b n mu n b t u t gc tri c a i u khi n . N u nh p m t chu t ln Form, Control s c t o v i c m c nh, cn khng b n c th ko th chu t ty ch nh c c a Control trn Form. B c 3: Trong tr ng h p l a ch n cng c Wizards, khi b n ch n m t Control, ch c nng ny s h ng d n t ng b c b n c th t o ra m t Control. B c 4: Trong tr ng h p v tr c a Control trn Form cha thch h p, b n c th s p x p l i ho c di chuy n chng n v tr thch h p theo cc b c sau: - Nh p ch n Control trn Form. - Ko th Control t i v tr m b n mu n. N u b n s d ng m t Control Wizard, cng c ny s l n l t th c hi n cc b c gip b n ki m sot vi c Bind (rng bu c) d li u t m t tr ng vo Control . Tuy nhin th t c ny t o ra m t Control m khng b rng bu c b i cc tr ng d li u. N u Control ny l d ng Control c th hi n th d li u(TextBox, CheckBox,), b n ph i nh p vo tn tr ng ho c bi u th c cho gi tr c a thu c tnh Control Source c a Control, khi n m i c th hi n th c d li u b n mong mu n. hi n th b ng thu c tnh cho cc Control hy nh p phm F4. 4.7. Lu l i cc cng vi c c a b n Sau khi lu l i Form nh thi t k , b n c th ch y n th ng xuyn n u b n mu n. Cc thi t k v n gi nguyn, nhng d li u s c hi n th th i i m b n ch y Form. N u c n thay i b n hon ton c th ch nh s a ho c t o m i Form d trn nh ng g m lm tr c . Lu l i nh ng thi t k c a Form B c 1: Nh p ch n nt Microsoft Office Button , sau ch n Save.

Cch khc B n nh p ch n nt Save trn thanh Quick Access Toolbar ho c nh p t h p phm Ctrl + S.

B c 2: n u Form c lu l n u tin m t h p tho i s xu t hi n yu c u b n nh p vo tn Form trong h p nh p Form Name, cu i cng nh p Ok hon t t. Lu l i thi t k c a Form v i m t tn khc. B c 1: Nh p ch n nt Microsoft Office Button , ch n Save As .

B c 2: Trong h p tho i Save As, b n g tn Form m i trong h p nh p Save Form To.

Ch n gi tr l Form trong h p combo As.

Cu i cng nh p Ok hon t t.

Bi 5. Lm vi c v i Report V i Microsoft Office Access 2007 b n c th t o ra nhi u lo i bo co khc nhau, t n gi n n ph c t p. u tin hy gh v bo co dng hi n th nh ng b n ghi t ngu n d li u. Cho d l bo co v i m t danh sch n gi n, ho c bo co nhm ch tiu doanh thu theo vng mi n, th vi c u tin b n nn quan tm l nh ng tr ng ch a d li u no c n hi n th ln bo co, v nh ng b ng hay Query no ch a chng. Sau khi b n ch n c nh ng b n ghi c n thi t, b n c th d dng t o ra m t bo co b ng cng c Report Wizard. Report Wizard l m t ch c nng trong Access, ch c nng ny s h ng d n b n thng qua cc cu h i, bo co c t o ra d a trn nh ng cu tr l i c a b n cho nh ng cu h i . 5.1. L a ch n b n ghi ngu n. M t bo co bao g m nh ng thng tin c a vo t cc b n ghi trong m t b ng ho c m t Query. cng nh cc thng tin c lu gi cng v i lc bo co c thi t k thi t k , ch ng h n nh nhn, m c, v cc hnh nh. Cc b ng ho c truy v n cung c p cc d li u ny cn c bi t n nh l ngu n b n ghi c a bo co. N u nh ng tr ng m b n mu n s d ng u n m trong m t b ng th b n c th s d ng b ng nh ngu n b n ghi. N u nh ng tr ng s d ng n m nhi u b ng khc nhau b n c n b n s ph i s d ng m t ho c hi u Query nh l ngu n b n ghi. Nh ng Query ny c th t n t i trong c s d li u c a b n, ho c n u c n b n c th t o m i nh ng Query c th cha c nh ng d li u m b n mu n hi n th ln bo co. 5.2. T o bo co S d ng cng c Report Cc cng c Report cung c p con ng nhanh nh t t o ra m t bo co. B i v n t ng t o ra bo co m khng c n l y thng tin h i p t ng i thi t k . Bo co hi n th t t c cc tr ng t ngu n d li u c a m t b ng ho c Query. Tuy cc bo co s d ng cng c Report khng hon h o v khng th t o ra nh ng s n ph m cu i cng. Nhng n th t s h u d ng khi hi n th nhanh d li u. B n c th lu l i bo co v ch nh s a n ch hi n th Layout View ho c Design View sao cho c th ph c v t t nh t m c ch c a b n. B c 1: Trong pane Navigation, nh p ch n Table ho c Query m b n mu n t o bo co.

B c 2: Trn Tab Create, trong nhm Reports nh p ch n Report

Access s t o ra m t bo co v hi n th n trn Layout View.

Sau khi xem cc bo co, b n c th lu v sau ng c bo co v cc b ng ho c Query m b n s d ng lm cc b n ghi ngu n. T i m t th i i m no c n m l i bo co, khi Access s hi n th nh ng d li u m i nh t t ngu n d li u c a bo co. S d ng cng c Report Wizard.

B n s d ng ReportWizard c nhi u ch n l a hn v nh ng tr ng s xu t hi n trn bo co. V cng c th ch ra cc tr ng c nhm ho c s p x p, ngoi ra c th s d ng nhi u hn m t b ng ho c Query lm d li u ngu n cho bo co. B c 2: Trn Tab Create, trong nhm Reports nh p ch n Report Wizard.

B c 3: Ch c nng Wizard s h ng d n b n t ng b c t o ra bo co:

H p tho i ny cho php b n l a ch n cc tr ng hi n th trn bo co. Nh p Next chuy n b c ti p theo.

Trong c a s ny cho php cho php b n ch n tr ng c n nhm. Nh p Next chuy n b c ti p theo.

Ch n tr ng s p x p cho bo co. Nh p Next chuy n b c ti p theo.

Ch n ki u b tr bo co trong khung Layout, v ch n kh Orientation. Nh p Next chuy n b c ti p theo.

gi y ngang hay d c

khung

Ch n Style cho bo co, nh p Next chuy n b c ti p theo.

Nh p vo tn c a bo co trong ph n What title do you Cu i cng ch n Finish hon t t. Ch : N u b n mu n l y cc tr ng vo bo co t nhi u b ng ho c Query, b n khng nh p Next ho c Finish sau khi l a ch n xong tr ng t Table ho c Query u tin trn trang u tin c a Report Wizards.

Thay v chuy n sang b c ti p theo b n ti p t c nh p ch n cc b ng ho c Query khc c n l y d li u trong m c Tables/Queries. Sau khi ch n xong t t c cc tr ng c n thi t b n c th nh p Next ho c Finish my tnh ti p t c t o bo co. S d ng cng c Blank Report N u khng quan tm n vi c s d ng cng c Report ho c Report Wizards, b n c th s d ng cng c Blank Report xy d ng m t bo co t u. V i cng c ny b n s nhanh chng t o ra m t bo co, c bi t thch h p khi b n d nh ch thm vo m t s tr ng nh t nh. D i y l cc b c t o bo co b ng cng c Blank Report. B c 1: Trn Tab Create, trong nhm Reports nh p ch n Blank Report.

M t Blank Report c hi n th hnh chnh.

ch Design, v Pane Field List xu t hi n bn tri c a mn

B c 2: Trong Pane Field List nh p chu t vo nt c hnh (+) vo b ng ch a nh ng tr ng m b n mu n hi n th d li u trn bo co.

B c 3: Nh p ch n m t tr ng ho c c th gi phm Ctrl r i nh p ch n nhi u tr ng m t lc r i ko th ln bo co.

B c 4: S d ng cc cn c trong nhm Control trn Tab Formatting thm Logo, tiu , s trang, cho bo co.

5.3. Tm hi u v Report section Trong Access, vi c thi t k cc bo co c chia thnh nhi u ph n (Section). B n hy hi n th bo co ch Design View nhn th y cc vng (section) . Mu n t o cc bo co p ng c yu c u, c n ph i hi u r t ng ph n, v cch lm vi c v i cc Section . V d , ph n no c th l a ch n t cc i u Control tnh ton? V lm th no Access tnh ton ra k t qu . D i y l danh sch tm t t c ki u Section v cch s d ng chng. - Report Header: y l ph n c in ra ch m t l n khi b t u bo co. S d ng cc tiu bo co cho cc thng tin m thng th ng c th xu t hi n trn m t trang ba, nh l m t bi u t ng, m t tiu , ho c m t ngy thng. Cc Report Heager c in tr c khi in trang u tin - Page Header: y l Section s c in trn u m i trang. V d , s d ng Page Header l p l i tiu bo co trn t t c cc trang. - Group Header: y l ph n c in khi b t u m i nhm b n ghi. S d ng Section ny in ra cc tn nhm. V d , trong m t bo co c nhm theo s n ph m lc Group Header c s d ng in tn cc s n ph m. Khi b n t m t Control tnh ton m s d ng hm Sum trong Group Header, Access s tnh t ng cho t ng nhm. - Detail: Section ny in t t c cc dng c trong ngu n b n ghi. y l ni b n t cc Control hi n th d li u v l ph n thn chnh c a bo co. - Group Footer: y l ph n c in thng tin tm t t cho m t nhm. cu i m i nhm b n ghi. S d ng Section ny in cc

- Page Footer: c in cu i m i trang. S d ng ph n ny in thng tin v s trang cng nh trang hi n th i c a bo co. - Report Footer: y l ph n ch c in duy nh t m t l n. S d ng ph n ny in t ng s ho c cc thng tin tm t t v ton b bo co. Ch : ch Design, Report Footer xu t hi n d i ph n Page Footer. Tuy nhin khi bo co c in ho c xem tr c khi in, th Report Footer l i xu t hi n pha trn Page Footer, ch c n Goup Footer cu i cng ho c dng cu i cng c a ph n Detail n m trang cu i. 5.4. Tm hi u v cc Control Tng t nh ph n Tm hi u v cc Controls Bi 4 5.5. Tinh ch nh bo co Tng t nh ph n Tinh ch nh Form Bi 4 5.6. Thm Control vo bo co Tng t nh ph n Thm Control ln Form Bi 4 5.7. Xem bo co C nhi u cch xem bo co, cch c l a ch n ph thu c vo nh ng g m b n mu n thao tc v i bo co v d li u trn . - N u b n mu n t m th i th c hi n cc thay i v i d li u s xu t hi n trn bo co tr c khi b n in n, ho c n u b n mu n sao chp d li u t cc bo co vo b nh t m, th hy s d ng Report View. - N u b n mu n c th thay i cc thi t k ngay khi bo co ang hi n th d li u b n hy s d ng ch Layout View.

- N u b n ch n gi n mu n xem nh ng g bo co s c th y khi in ra, b n hy s d ng ch Print Preview. Xem bo co ch Report View Report View l ch hi n th m c nh c s d ng khi b n nh p p chu t vo m t bo co trn pane Navigation n u nh n cha c m . Trong tr ng h p bo co ang m Navigation ch n Report View. Lm vi c v i d li u m t ch no b n nh p ph i chu t vo tn bo trn Pane

ch Report View

Trong ch Report View, b n c th l a ch n n i dung vn b n trn v Copy vo b nh t m c a my tnh. l a ch n ton b cc c t c a m t s hng, b n nh p gi chu t vo l bn tri r i ko t i hng mu n ch n. Sau c th copy nh ng hng ch n b ng m t trong cc cch d i y: - Trn Tab Home, trong nhm Clipboard, nh p ch n Copy .

- Nh p ph i chu t v dng c ch n, r i ch n Copy.

- S d ng t h p phm Ctrl + C. Ch hi n th nh ng tr ng b n mu n b ng cch s d ng cng c l c B n c th p d ng cc b l c tr c ti p cho bo co m khng c n r i kh i ch Report View. V d , trn bo co c m t c t "City" v b n ch mu n xem nh ng hng m c t "City" c gi tr l Miami, b n lm nh sau: - Tm t Miami trn bo co v nh p ph i chu t vo n. - Nh p ch n Equals Miami.

Access s t o v p d ng b l c, lc ny bo co ch cn nh ng b n ghi c c t City l Miami.

T o m t b l c chi ti t hn. B c 1: Nh p ph i chu t vo tr ng c n l c. B c 2: Ch n Common Filters. B c 3: Nh p ch n i u ki n l c m b n mu n. B c 4: Nh p vo gi tr l c. H yb m tb l c B c 1: Nh p ph i chu t vo tr ng m b n mu n lo i b b l c.

B c 2: Nh p ch n Clear filter from city.

Ch : N u b n p d ng m t b l c cho m t bo co sau lu v ng bo co l i khi b l c s c lu cng bo co. Tuy nhin l n sau khi m l i bo co, Access s khng s d ng c b l c. s d ng l i b l c, trn Tab Home tm t i nhm Sort & Filter, ti p theo nh p ch n Toggle Filter. Xem bo co tr c khi in s d ng Print Preview. Nh p ph i chu t vo bo co trong Pane Navigation, sau ch n Print Preview. Cc nt trn Navigation c th gip b n xem m t cch tu n t ho c b t c trang no m b n mu n.

(1). Tr v trang u tin (2): Tr v trang tr c (3): Chuy n t i trang ti p theo (4): Chuy n t i trang cu i cng (5): G vo s trang trong h p nh p v nh n Enter nh y t i trang . ch Print Preview, b n c th phng to xem chi ti t ho c thu nh xem v tr c a d li u trn trang. N u v tr con tr chu t n m trong bo co b n ch c n nh p chu t m t l n. o ng c ch hi n th b n b m chu t m t l n n a. B n cng c th s d ng Control Zoom trn thanh tr ng thi c a Access tuy ch nh c phng to hay thu nh bo co. ng ch Print Preview b n lm theo m t trong cc cch sau y: - Trn Tab Print Preview ch n nt Close Print Preview.

- Nh p ph i chu t vo bo co trn Pane Navigation sau ch n Layout View ho c ch n Design View. 5.8. In bo co B n c th in m t bo co trong khi n ang c m b t k ch xem no, ho c th m ch trong khi n ang ng. Tr c khi in, hy ch c ch n l thi t l p cc thng s ci t cho trang in, nh l , kh gi y trang in, Access lu l i nh ng ci t v v y ch ph i thi t l p chng m t l n duy nh t. Sau ny b n cng c th thi t l p l i n u yu c u in n thay i. Thay i nh d ng trang in. - M m t bo co ch Print Preview. B n c th thay i cc thi t l p cho trang in b t k ch no, nhng ch hi n th Print Preview l tr c quan nh t b i khi c th nhn th y ngay l p t c nh ng thay i m b n v a th c hi n. ho c Landscape - Trn Tab Print Preview tm t i nhm Page Layout, nh p ch n Portrait thi t l p kch th c cho trang in, Margins thi t l p cc tr ng thi nh h ng. Size i u ch nh l ,

- Sau khi th c hi n m t thay i, hy s d ng cc nt trn Navigation xem th m t s trang ch c ch n r ng b n khng t o ra b t k v n g v nh d ng trn cc trang pha sau. In bo co B c 1: M Report Pane. b t k ch no m b n mu n, ho c c th ch n bo co trn Navigation

B c 2: Nh p ch n nt Microsoft Office Button hi n

, sau nh p Print

. H p tho i Print xu t

B c 3: Nh p cc ty ch n in bo co trong h p tho i, cu i cng nh p Ok in bo co