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CA of Some Selected Features of English and Persian 2.4 Contrastive Analysis of Lexis
Category 1 C t
Words that are similar or identical in meaning in English and Persian, but are different in form. Cat mouse Wall chair
Category 2 C t
For one lexical item in the target language there are two or more equivalents in the source language which is called convergence.
cousin
Pesar amu
Dokhtar amu
Pesar dayee y
Dokhtar dayee y
Pesar amme
Dokhtar amme
Pesar khale
Dokhtar khale
Category 3 C t
For one lexical item in the source language there are two or more items in the target language. this is reverse of category 2 and is called divergence or lexical split. 1.simple : One lexical item in LA = two p equivalents in LB . PA
Foot Leg
Bozorg
Big
Large
Grown up
Great
Major
Category 4 Cognates :Words which are similar in form and meaning g g in both languages. Brother Mother M th Father Door
Category 5 C t
Deceptive Cognates or false friends : Similar in pronunciation but may be only partially similar in meaning or may have quite different meanings meanings. Machine Cigar Ci Car
Transfer : T f
Transfer of pragmatic features are more important than the transfer of g p grammatical or lexical items of the learners mother tongue. g Leech (1990) : The transfer of the norms of one community to another one may one, lead to pragmatic failure.