N TT NGHIP KHA 2009 2012

GVHD: L TH KIU NGA

LI NI U
-----Hin nay trong cng nghip hin i ho t nc, yu cu ng dng t ng ho
ngy cng cao vo trong i sng sinh hot, sn xut (yu cu iu khin t ng, linh
hot, tin li, gn nh). Mt khc nh cng ngh thng tin, cng ngh in t pht
trin nhanh chng lm xut hin mt loi thit b iu khin kh trnh PLC.
thc hin cng vic mt cch khoa hc nhm t c s lng sn phm ln, nhanh
m li tin li v kinh t. Cc Cng ty, x nghip sn xut thng s dng cng ngh lp
trnh PLC s dng cc loi phn mm t ng. Dy chuyn sn xut t ng PLC gim
sc lao ng ca cng nhn m sn xut li t hiu qu cao p ng kp thi cho i sng
x hi. Qua n ny chng em s gii thiu v lp trnh PLC v ng dng n vo qui
trnh m v phn loi sn phm dng bin tn gim st SCADA ca cng ty, x nghip
sn xut. Trong thc t lp trnh PLC c th c s dng nhiu hng phn mm sn xut
nh l hng Siemens-c, Omron-Nht bn, Goldstar-Hn Quc, tu thuc vo i tc,
tim lc ca Cng ty, x nghip s dng cng ngh ca hng.
Trn y l mt phn nh v chng trnh iu khin vit cho h thng iu khin m v
phn loi sn phm theo kch thc. Trong qu trnh thc hin chng trnh cn gp nhiu
kh khn l ti liu tham kho cho vn ny ang rt t,v hn hp, n lin quan n
nhiu vn nh phn iu chnh ng c. Mc d rt c gng nhng kh nng, thi gian
c hn v kinh nghim cha nhiu nn khng th trnh khi nhng sai st rt mong s
ng gp kin b sung ca cc thy c gio, cc bn sinh vin n ny c hon
thin hn.

SVTH: NGUYN VN THIT

NGUYN L QUC CH

NGUYN CNG HI
L MINH THUN

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 N TT NGHIP KHA 2009 2012

GVHD: L TH KIU NGA

LI CM N
----- Vi lng bit n su sc, em xin chn thnh cm n :
Qu thy c Khoa C Kh-B Mn C in T truyn t cho
chng em nhng kin thc qu bu trong sut thi gian qua .
Xin chn thnh cm n C L TH KIU NGA n cn ch bo,
hng dn chng em trong sut qu trnh thc hin n .
Cui cng xin chn thnh cm n gia nh, cc bn b cng kha
quan tm, h tr v ng vin gip chng em hon thnh n ny.

TP HCM, ngy thng 6 nm 2012

SVTH: NGUYN VN THIT

NGUYN L QUC CH

NGUYN CNG HI
L MINH THUN

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 N TT NGHIP KHA 2009 2012

GVHD: L TH KIU NGA

NHN XT CA GIO VIN HNG DN:

---

TP H Ch Minh thng 6 nm 2012

GVHD

SVTH: NGUYN VN THIT

NGUYN L QUC CH

NGUYN CNG HI
L MINH THUN

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 N TT NGHIP KHA 2009 2012

GVHD: L TH KIU NGA

NHN XT CA GIO VIN PHN BIN:

-----

..........
..................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................
TP H Ch Minh thng 6 nm 2012
GVPB

SVTH: NGUYN VN THIT

NGUYN L QUC CH

NGUYN CNG HI
L MINH THUN

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 N TT NGHIP KHA 2009 2012

GVHD: L TH KIU NGA

NHN XT CA HI NG BO V N TT NGHIP
-----

...........
TP H Ch Minh Thng 6 Nm 2012
HI NG BO V

SVTH: NGUYN VN THIT

NGUYN L QUC CH

NGUYN CNG HI
L MINH THUN

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GVHD: L TH KIU NGA

MC LC
LI CM N.................................................................................................................... 2
MC LC ............................................................................................................................. 6
MC LC HNH NH ....................................................................................................... 8
CHNG I: T VN .............................................................................................. 13
1.1. L do chn ti:..................................................................................................... 13
1.2. Thc trng ti: .................................................................................................... 13
1.3. Nhim v:.................................................................................................................. 13
1.4. Kh khn ca ti: ................................................................................................ 14
1.5. Hng gii quyt: .................................................................................................... 14
2.1. Thit k: .................................................................................................................... 15
2.1.1. Phng n ra: ............................................................................................... 15
2.1.2. Phng n thc t: ............................................................................................ 16
2.2. THI CNG: .............................................................................................................. 17
2.2.1. C KH: ............................................................................................................. 17
2.2.1.1. Chn vt liu: .............................................................................................. 17
2.2.1.2. NG C: .................................................................................................. 23
2.2.1.3. B TRUYN XCH: .................................................................................. 24
2.2.1.4. PITTNG: ................................................................................................... 24
2.2.2. in in T ................................................................................................... 29
2.2.2.1 CM BIN ................................................................................................... 29
2.2.2.2. Van kh nn: ................................................................................................ 33
2.2.2.3. Bin Tn(A024) ........................................................................................... 34
2.2.2.3. Tng quan v PLC S7 200 v bi ton phn loi sn phm.................... 40
i.

Chc nng h PLC. ........................................................................................ 40

ii. S khi. ...................................................................................................... 40

iii. Cu hnh phn cng: ..................................................................................... 43
SVTH: NGUYN VN THIT
NGUYN L QUC CH

NGUYN CNG HI
L MINH THUN

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iv. Kt ni vi my tnh. ..................................................................................... 47

2.2.3. Lp Trnh: .......................................................................................................... 57
2.2.3.1. c trng c bn ca WinCC. ................................................................... 57
2.2.3.2. Cu hnh Wincc ........................................................................................... 60
a. Cc loi Project .............................................................................................. 60
b. Phn mm PC access kt ni PLC v WinCC ............................................ 61
2.2.3.3. Lu Gii Thut: ................................................................................... 68
CHNG III: KT QU V HNG PHT TRIN ............................................... 69
3.1. Kt qu: .................................................................................................................... 69
3.2. Hng pht trin: .................................................................................................... 70
TI LIU THAM KHO: ................................................................................................ 70

SVTH: NGUYN VN THIT

NGUYN L QUC CH

NGUYN CNG HI
L MINH THUN

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GVHD: L TH KIU NGA

MC LC HNH NH
Hnh 2.1: M hnh phn loi sn phm cao thp
Hnh 2.2: M hnh phn loi sn phm cao thp ca Thnh Hng
Hnh 2.3: M hnh thit k 3D ban u
Hnh 2.18: xch bnh vt
Hnh 2.4: khung bn
Hnh 2.5: bi
Hnh 2.6: part bo v bi
Hnh 2.7: part bo v xch
Hnh 2.8: b li
Hnh 2.9: truc nh
Hnh 2.10: bu lng ai c
Hnh 2.11: thanh st
Hnh 2.12: dy ai
Hnh 2.13: bng ti
Hnh 2.14: chn ng bng ti
Hnh 2.15: Part gi chc chn ng v mt bn
Hnh 2.16: bn m hnh
Hnh 2.17: ng c AC
SVTH: NGUYN VN THIT
NGUYN L QUC CH

NGUYN CNG HI
L MINH THUN

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GVHD: L TH KIU NGA

Hnh 2.18: xch bnh vt

Hnh 2.19: Xylanh
Hnh 2.20: piston c v
Hnh 2.21: cu to piston
Hnh 2.22: Xilanh tc dng 2 chiu
Hnh 2.23: m hnh hon chnh
Hnh 2.24: Bn v 3 hnh chiu
Hnh 2.25: m hnh thc nghim hon chnh
Hnh 2.26: cm bin c v
Hnh 2.27: cm bin thc t
Hnh 2.28: s kt ni
Hnh 2.29: thng s k thut
Hnh 2.30: van 5/2 c v

SVTH: NGUYN VN THIT

NGUYN L QUC CH

NGUYN CNG HI
L MINH THUN

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GVHD: L TH

Hnh 2.31: van 5/2 thc t

Hnh 2.32: bin tn simens
Hnh 2.33: bin tn hitachi
Hnh 2.34: bin tn Fuji
Hnh 2.35: bin tn Delta
Hnh 2.36: bin tn Mitsubishi
Hnh 2.37: bin tn Frenic-lift
Hnh 2.38: nguyn l hot ng
Hnh 2.39: thng s bin tn
Hnh 2.40: cch khc li
Hnh 2.41: ch chnh bng tay.
Hnh 2.42: ch chnh bn phm
Hnh 2.43: s khi
Hnh 2.44: b x l lin kt cc tn hiu
Hnh 2.45: Cch ly kiu rle
Hnh 2.46: Cch ly kiu quang
Hnh 2.47: cu hnh ca PLC
Hnh 2.48: PLC
Hnh 2.49: cu to chn ca RS 485
Hnh 2.50: bng thng s vng nh
SVTH: NGUYN VN THIT
NGUYN L QUC CH

NGUYN CNG HI
L MINH THUN

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GVHD: L TH

Hnh 2.51: cp kt ni
Hnh 2.52: s ni cp
Hnh 2.53: Cp USB/PPI Multi-Master
Hnh 2.54: Giao din ca S7-200 Simulator 2.0 English
Hnh 2.55: Vit chng trnh bng phn mm Step 7 Micro Win
Hnh 2.56: Hnh bin dch chng trnh: File/Export
Hnh 2.57: t tn tp tin v chn Save (*.awl)
Hnh 2.57: M file cn m phng *.awl
Hnh 2.58: Chn loi CPU cn m phng
Hnh 2.59: Chy m phng chng trnh PLC
Hnh 2.60: Quan st cc n bo trng thi ng vo ra trn PLC
Hnh 2.61: Dng chng trnh PLC
Hnh 2.62: Module m rng
Hnh 2.63: giao din Win CC
Hnh 2.64: Cc loi Project
Hnh 2.65: m phn mm PC Access 1.0
Hinh 2.66: thit k s trm trong pc access
Hnh 2.67: t tn cho PLC
Hnh 2.68: add item vo PLC
Hnh 2.69: m t chc nng ca bin
SVTH: NGUYN VN THIT
NGUYN L QUC CH

NGUYN CNG HI
L MINH THUN

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GVHD: L TH

Hnh 2.70: cc bin c to

Hnh 2.70: lu li file
Hnh 2.71: add thm driver mi cho S7-200
Hnh 2.72: chn system Parameter
Hnh 2.73: add item PC access vo Win CC
Hnh 2.74: lu gii thut
Hnh 3.1: kt qu t c

SVTH: NGUYN VN THIT

NGUYN L QUC CH

NGUYN CNG HI
L MINH THUN

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GVHD: L TH

CHNG I: T VN
1.1. L do chn ti:
Ngy nay vi s pht trin ca cng nghip in - in t, k thut s cc h
thng iu khin dn dn c t ng ha. Vi nhng k thut tin tin nh vi x l,
PLC, vi mch s c ng dng vo lnh vc iu khin, th cc h thng iu khin
c kh th s, vi tc x l chm chp t chnh xc c thay th bng cc h thng
iu khin t ng vi cc lnh chng trnh c thit lp trc.
Trong qu trnh hot ng cc nh xng, x nghip hin nay, vic tit kim
in nng l nhu cu rt cn thit,bn cnh nghnh cng nghip ngy cng pht trin
cc cng ty x nghip a t ng ha vo sn xut tin ch cho vic qun l dy
chuyn v sn phm cho ton b h thng mt cch hp l l yu cu thit yu(gim st
SCADA).s tit kim c nhiu thi gian cng nh khu qun l mt cch d dng.
p ng c yu cu em tin hnh nghin cu ti liu iu khin lp
trnh vi PLC v gii quyt c vn t ra.
Vi s ng ca c L Th Kiu Nga. Em tin thnh thc hin ti: M
V PHN LOI SN PHM THEO KCH THC GIM ST SCADA .
1.2. Thc trng ti:
ti: M V PHN LOI SN PHM THEO KCH THC GIM
ST SCADA c nhiu sinh vin ca cc trng nghin cu v thc hin. V
cng c nhiu sinh vin thit k nhng m hnh n gin.
1.3. Nhim v:
Thit k m hnh c kh.
Tm hiu ng c AC.
Tm hiu cm bin quang.
SVTH: NGUYN VN THIT
NGUYN L QUC CH

NGUYN CNG HI
L MINH THUN

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GVHD: L TH

c ti liu kh nn.
Tm hiu PLC S7-200
Nghin cu chng trnh STEP 7.
Tm hiu v Win CC.
Kt ni Win CC vi PLC.
Tm hiu v bin tn.
1.4. Kh khn ca ti:
Kh tm ng c, bin tn, PLC.
Chi ph thit k ti kh cao.
Kh khn trong vic lp trnh v giao tip PLC.
1.5. Hng gii quyt:
Tp trung lm c kh sm hn d nh.
Tm mua ng c, PLC, bin tn, cm bin, xy lanh.
Tm hiu cc kh khn qua Internet tm ra hng gii quyt tt nht.
c cc ti liu v bin tn, PLC.
c ti liu t ng ha vi win cc (ti liu trn mng).
Cch gim st SCADA.

CHNG II: THIT K V THI CNG

SVTH: NGUYN VN THIT

NGUYN L QUC CH

NGUYN CNG HI
L MINH THUN

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GVHD: L TH

ti: M V PHN LOI SN PHM THEO KCH THC GIM ST

SCADA .
2.1. Thit k:
2.1.1. Phng n ra:
Phng n 1: M hnh ca n tt nghip

Hnh 2.1: M hnh phn loi sn phm cao thp

c im:
- M hnh kh n gin, gn p, cn i.
- Dng bng ti v ng c.
- Cm bin quang phn loi sn phm.
- Dng bin tn iu khin ng c.

SVTH: NGUYN VN THIT

NGUYN L QUC CH

NGUYN CNG HI
L MINH THUN

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GVHD: L TH

- Dng Win CC gim st.

Hn ch:
- M hnh ch ng dng phn theo kch thc.
- Ph thuc ngun kh cp vo 2 van.
- Truyn ng xch gy ting n.
2.1.2. Phng n thc t:
Phng n 2: M hnh ca Thnh Hng(trn mng)

Hnh 2.2: M hnh phn loi sn phm cao thp ca Thnh Hng
c im:
- M hnh thit k p, kh hay.
- Kt cu c kh chc chn.
Hn ch:
SVTH: NGUYN VN THIT
NGUYN L QUC CH

NGUYN CNG HI
L MINH THUN

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GVHD: L TH

- C kh tn km.
- i hi thit k c chnh xc cao.
Phng n la chn:
T 2 phng n trn nhm chng em la chn phng n 1.
Thit k ban u:

Hnh 2.3: M hnh thit k 3D ban u

2.2. THI CNG:
2.2.1. C KH:
2.2.1.1. Chn vt liu:
V m
hnh
ca
SVTH: NGUYN VN THIT
NGUYN L QUC CH

NGUYN CNG HI
L MINH THUN

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KIU NGA

GVHD: L TH

chng em l mt m hnh thu nh trong h thng di chuyn ca nh my nn i hi

phi c s chc chn. V th nhm chng em s dng st lm. Chng em chn st
ng vung c kch thc 3X3 lm khung bn.

Hnh 2.4: khung bn

S dng bi c kch thc 32 dng dn trc quay nh v gim ma st.

Hnh 2.5: bi

SVTH: NGUYN VN THIT

NGUYN L QUC CH

NGUYN CNG HI
L MINH THUN

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GVHD: L TH

Part bo v bi ng thi
gi chc trc

Part bo v xch

Hnh 2.6: part bo v bi

Hnh 2.7: part bo v xch

B li bng ti:c kch thc 60

chiu ngang di 75mm c tc dng
chy bng ti a sn phm

Trc nh ca boly bng ti c chiu

di l 150mm v ng knh 12

Hnh 2.8: b li

Hnh 2.9: truc nh

Trong m hnh chng em s dng vt v bu lng gng cc chi tit li vi nhau.

Hnh 2.10: bu lng ai c

SVTH: NGUYN VN THIT
NGUYN L QUC CH

NGUYN CNG HI
L MINH THUN

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KIU NGA

GVHD: L TH

-chng em dung 2 thanh st co kch thc l 6X3 v di 980mm lm khung cho

bng ti.

Hnh 2.11: thanh st

SVTH: NGUYN VN THIT

NGUYN L QUC CH

NGUYN CNG HI
L MINH THUN

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GVHD: L TH

- cho vn chuyn c sn phm chng em chn loi bng ti ng vi kch thc

ca boly v kch thc chn trc. Nu khng bng ti s khng cn v khng vn
chuyn c sn phm.

Hnh 2.12: dy ai
-Bng ti hon thin:

Hnh 2.13: bng ti

SVTH: NGUYN VN THIT

NGUYN L QUC CH

NGUYN CNG HI
L MINH THUN

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GVHD: L TH

Thit k chn ng cho m hnh c hnh dng ch T:

Hnh 2.14: chn ng bng ti

Hnh 2.15: Part gi chc chn ng v mt bn

Hnh 2.16: bn m hnh

-Trong qu trnh thi cng chng em cng gp nhiu kh khn nh khoan trc i hi phi
chnh xc gng trc khng b lch.v bng ti khi lp vo khung khng cng nn chng
em tng bng tai cng ln hai u ca thanh ngang.Ni chung m hnh cng kh n
gin nn vic thit k cng hi d dng.

SVTH: NGUYN VN THIT

NGUYN L QUC CH

NGUYN CNG HI
L MINH THUN

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GVHD: L TH

-iu ch y khi chn ng c,vi vic dung bin tn chnh tc ng c nn

khi chn ta khng cn phi chn ng c c hp s.
2.2.1.2. NG C:
V phn ng c th nhm chng em s dng ng c AC v nhm c s dng thm bin
tn. ng c c chn c k hiu l 4IK25. C khung hnh Kch thc: 80 x
80mm.Cng sut 25W, u vo 110/220/380VAC, t s truyn t 3 ~ 200.

Hnh 2.17: ng c AC

ng c c s dng hp s nn khi qua hp s th tc cua vng quay l 52/64r/min

ng c gm c hai phn chnh l stator v rotor. Stato gm cc cun dy ca ba pha
in qun trn cc li st b tr trn mt vnh trn to ra t trng quay. Rto hnh tr
c tc dng nh mt cun dy qun trn li thp.
Khi mc ng c vo mng in xoay chiu, t trng quay do stato gy ra lm cho rto
quay trn trc. Chuyn ng quay ca rto c trc my truyn ra ngoi v c s
dng vn hnh cc my cng c hoc cc c cu chuyn ng khc.

SVTH: NGUYN VN THIT

NGUYN L QUC CH

NGUYN CNG HI
L MINH THUN

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GVHD: L TH

T trng quay c to ra bng cch cho dng in ba pha chy vo ba nam chm in
t lch nhau trn mt vng trn. Cch b tr cc cun dy tng t nh trong my pht
in ba pha, nhng trong ng c in ngi ta a dng in t ngoi vo cc cun dy
1, 2, 3.
2.2.1.3. B TRUYN XCH:
Trong m hnh n nhm chng em chn b truyn xch. trnh hin tng trt
nh truyn ng ai, lc tc dng ln trc nh, c th cng mt lc truyn chuyn ng
cho nhiu trc

Hnh 2.18: xch bnh vt

2.2.1.4. PITTNG:
Xi lanh s dng trong cm chi tit kp yu cu:
Tc ng nhanh
Hnh trnh khng ln, c nh
Nn chn xi lanh tc dng 2 chiu khng c gim chn

SVTH: NGUYN VN THIT

NGUYN L QUC CH

NGUYN CNG HI
L MINH THUN

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GVHD: L TH

Hnh 2.19: Xylanh

Hnh 2.20: piston c v

C s tnh ton:
p lc tc ng vo xilanh kp theo hai pha

Hnh 2.21: cu to piston

SVTH: NGUYN VN THIT
NGUYN L QUC CH

NGUYN CNG HI
L MINH THUN

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KIU NGA

1. Piston

2. m kn piston

5.m kn trc

6. Vng chn bi

SVTH: NGUYN VN THIT

NGUYN L QUC CH

3. Trc piston
7. Np xylanh

GVHD: L TH

4. Dn hng
8, 13. Ca lu cht

NGUYN CNG HI
L MINH THUN

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KIU NGA

9. Thn xylanh

10. Bung trc

11. Bung Piston

GVHD: L TH

12. xy lanh

Hnh 2.22: Xilanh tc dng 2 chiu

Hnh 2.23: m hnh hon chnh

SVTH: NGUYN VN THIT

NGUYN L QUC CH

NGUYN CNG HI
L MINH THUN

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GVHD: L TH

Hnh 2.24: Bn v 3 hnh chiu

SVTH: NGUYN VN THIT

NGUYN L QUC CH

NGUYN CNG HI
L MINH THUN

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GVHD: L TH

Hnh 2.25: m hnh thc nghim hon chnh

Kinh nghim trong qu trnh thi cng:
Phn chia cng vic cho tng thnh vin trong nhm.
Thit k m hnh 3D l vn quan trng.
Ch khi cm bin, xylanh, bin tn, plc.
Gia cng chi tit cn ch n dung sai.
Cn ch n chnh xc trong gia cng v lp rp.
Kh khn trong vic lm quen vi cc dng c gia cng nh: my
khoan, my tin...
2.2.2. in in T
2.2.2.1 CM BIN
KT:40x12x21(mm)
Chn kiu u ra tc ng theo sng/ti .
Chc nng n bo hiu s n nh; iu chnh c nhy.
SVTH: NGUYN VN THIT
NGUYN L QUC CH

NGUYN CNG HI
L MINH THUN

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Hnh 2.26: cm bin c v

GVHD: L TH

Hnh 2.27: cm bin thc t

u ra: NPN/ PNP 30VDC,100mA, Ngun cp:10-30 VDC,30mA

Khong cch pht hin:
* Thu pht: 15m: E3Z-To1/6 (o=6: NPN, o=8: PNP)
* Phn x gng : 4m: E3Z-Ro1/6 (o=6: NPN, o=8: PNP)
*Phn x khuych tn :1m: E3Z-Do2/,(o=6:NPN, o=8: PNP)
100mm: E3Z-Do1/6 (o=6: NPN, o=8: PNP)

S kt ni:
SVTH: NGUYN VN THIT
NGUYN L QUC CH

NGUYN CNG HI
L MINH THUN

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GVHD: L TH

Hnh 2.28: s kt ni

c im thng s k thut:

SVTH: NGUYN VN THIT

NGUYN L QUC CH

NGUYN CNG HI
L MINH THUN

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GVHD: L TH

Hnh 2.29: thng s k thut

SVTH: NGUYN VN THIT

NGUYN L QUC CH

NGUYN CNG HI
L MINH THUN

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GVHD: L TH KIU NGA

Nu khng tnh n lc ma st, lc chuyn ng trn cn Pittong c tnh theo cng thc:
F = p.A
A Din tch lm vic ca Pittng.
Din tch lm vic ca Pit tng pha khoang pittng c tnh theo cng thc:
A=
D ng knh ca Pit tng ng thi cng l ng knh trong ca Xy Lanh. i
vi khoang cn, din tch lm vic Pit tng c tnh theo cng thc:
A=

d: ng knh piston

2.2.2.2. Van kh nn:

Van o chiu 5/2(solenoidvale 5/2):

Hnh 2.30: Van 5/2 c v

-Van o chiu 5/2 gm c 5 ca v 2 v tr:

SVTH: NGUYN VN THIT

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Hnh 2.31: van 5/2 thc t

Nguyn tc hot ng ca van 5/2 l:

2.2.2.3. Bin Tn(A024)

Trn th trng ngy nay, c 3 loi Bin tn c bn: ng Vn/Hz (Mch H).
Truyn ng Vc-t khng cm bin (Mch H).
Truyn ng Vc-t c phn hi (Mch Kn).
Hai loi u tin c gi l Mch H do chng cung cp in cho ng c, nhng
khng c cch no xc minh rng cc ng c thc s ang chy tc mong
mun.
iu ny Chp nhn c cho cc ng dng khng yu cu iu khin v tr chnh
xc hoc iu chnh tc ln.
Loi cui cng l thit b Mch Kn c ngha l n c kh nng chp nhn tn hiu
t thit b phn hi gim st tc v/hoc v tr ca ng c.

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V d: nu tn hiu phn hi cho thy rng tc qu thp hoc qu cao, bin tn c

th iu chnh u ra ca n khc phc li.

elta

2.32: bin tn simens

Hnh 2.33: bin tn hitachi

Hnh 2.34: bin tn Fuji

Hnh 2.35: bin tn Delta

Hin nay trn th trng c rt nhiu loi bin tn c cc cng ty,x nghip
ang s dng,sau y chng em xin gii thiu v mt loi bin tn ca
MITSUBISHI A024 dy cng la loi bin tn chng em s dng lm trong n
ny.

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Hnh 2.36: bin tn Mitsubishi

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Hnh 2.37: bin tn Frenic-lift

Mc tiu ca bin tn:

1/. iu chnh tc ca ng c theo mun.
2/. iu chnh cng sut ca ng c cho ph hp vi ti.
3/. iu chnh dng in v moment xon ca ng c cho ph hp vi ti.
4/. Khi ng mm cho ng c.
5/. Tit kim in nng.
Hiu sut chuyn i ngun ca cc b bin tn rt cao v s dng cc b linh
kin bn dn cng sut ch to theo cng ngh hin i. Chnh v vy, nng lng
tiu th cng xp x bng nng lng yu cu ca h thng. Nh tnh nng k thut
cao vi cng ngh iu khin hin i nht (iu khin ti u v nng lng) cc b
bin tn ang v s lm hi lng nhiu nh u t trong nc, trong khu vc v trn
th gii.
CC LOI TI NN S DNG BIN TN TIT KIM IN
1. Ph ti c m mem thay i (iu ha trung tm, bm cp nc, bm qut
mt,... ).
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2. ng c lun chy non ti m khng th thay ng c c th phi lp

thm bin tn.
3.Ngnh Giy Bao b (My Xeo Giy, My Ct), ngnh Dt Si
Nhum, ngnh Nc v Nc Thi, Thang my-cn trc.
NGUYN L HOT NG:

Hnh 2.38: nguyn l hot ng

Nguyn l c bn lm vic ca b bin tn cng kh n gin. u tin, ngun
in xoay chiu 1pha hay 3 pha c chnh lu v lc thnh ngun 1 chiu bng
phng. Cng on ny c thc hin bi b chnh lu cu diode v t in. Nh
vy, h s cng sut cosphi ca h bin tn u c gi tr khng ph thuc vo ti
v c gi tr t nht 0.96. in p mt chiu ny c bin i (nghch lu) thnh
in p xoay chiu 3 pha i xng. Cng on ny hin nay c thc hin thng
qua h IGBT (transistor lng cc c cng cch ly) bng phng php iu ch
rng xung (PWM). Nh tin b ca cng ngh vi x l v cng ngh bn dn lc
hin nay, tn s chuyn mch xung c th ln ti di tn s siu m nhm gim
ting n cho ng c v gim tn tht trn li st ng c.
Thng s ca bin tn A024

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Hnh 2.39: thng s bin tn

Cch khc phc li bin tn:

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Hnh 2.40: cch khc li

Cc ch iu chnh ca bin tn A024:
Ch chnh bng tay:(volum)

Nhn PU/PO

Nhn READ s hin ch

c sau nhp ch
mi mong mun

Nhn Seting

Write ghi nhn gi

tri va nhp

Hnh 2.41: ch chnh bng tay.

Ch chnh bn phm:

Nhn MON

Nhn ch

Nhn REV quay thun

V ch

V nhn FWD quay thuan

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Hnh 2.42: ch chnh bn phm

2.2.2.3. Tng quan v PLC S7 200 v bi ton phn loi sn phm.
Tng quan v PLC S7-200.
i.

Chc nng h PLC.

Thit b iu khin logic kh trnh PLC ( Programable Logic Controler ) l thit b

iu khin c bit da trn b vi x l , s dng b nh lp trnh c lu tr
cc lnh , thc hin cc chc nng v thut ton iu khin my v cc qu trn
ii.

S khi.

Thit b lp trnh

B nh

B x l ( CPU )

Giao din vo

Giao din ra

Ngun cung cp
Hnh 2.43: s khi
Phn cng PLC c 5 b phn c bn:
B x l: cn gi l b x l trung tm (CPU) , l linh kin cha b vi x l. B x
l bin dch cc tn hiu vo v thc hin cc hot ng iu khin theo chng
trnh c lu trong b nh ca CPU , truyn cc quyt nh di dng tn hiu
hot ng n cc tn hiu ra.
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Nguyn l lm vic ca b x l tin hnh theo tng bc tun t , u tin cc

thng tin lu tr trong b nh chng trnh c gi ln tun t v c kim sot
bi b m chng trnh. B x l lin kt cc tn hiu v a ra kt qu ra u ra.
Chu k thi gian ny gi l thi gian qut ( scan ) . Thi gian vng qut ph thuc
vo dung lng b nh , tc ca CPU.

4. Chuyn d liu t b
m o ra thit b ngoi
vi.

1. Nhp d liu t thit b

ngoi vi vo b m.

3. Truyn thng v kim

tra li.

2. Thc hin chng trnh.

Hnh 2.44: b x l lin kt cc tn hiu

S thao tc tun t ca chng trnh dn n mt thi gian tr trong khi b m ca
trng trnh i qua mt chu k y , sau bt u li t u.
B ngun: c nhim v chuyn i in p AC thnh in p thp cho b vi x l (
thng l 5V ) v cho cc mch in trong cc module cn li ( thng l 24V ).
Thit b lp trnh: c s dng lp cc chng trnh iu khin cn thit sau
c chuyn cho PLC. Thit b lp trnh c th l thit b lp trnh chuyn dng , c
th l thit b lp trnh cm tay gn nh , c th l phn mm c ci t trn my
tnh c nhn.
B nh: l ni lu tr chng trnh s dng cho hot ng iu khin. Cc b nh
c th l RAM , ROM , EPROM. Ngi ta lun ch to ngun d phng cho RAM
duy tr chng trnh trong trng hp mt in ngun , thi gian duy tr ty
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thuc vo tng PLC c th. B nh cng c th c ch to thnh module cho

php d dng thch nghi vi cc chc nng iu khin c kch c khc nhau , khi
cn m rng c th cm thm.
Giao din vo ra: l ni b x l nhn thng tin t cc thit b ngoi vi v truyn
thng tin n cc thit b bn ngoi. Tn hiu vo c th t cc cng tc , cc b
cm bin nhit , cc t bo quang in
Tn hiu ra c th cung cp cho cc cun dy cng tc t , cc rle , cc van in t
Tn hiu vo c th l tn hiu ri rc , tn hiu lin tc , tn hiu logic
Mi im vo ra c mt a ch duy nht c PLC s dng.
Cc knh vo / ra c cc chc nng cch ly v iu hoa tn hiu sao cho cc b
cm bin v cc b tc ng c th ni trc tip vi chng m khng cn thm
mch in khc.
Tn hiu vo thng c ghp cch in ( cch ly ) nh linh kin quang. Di tn
hiu nhn vo cho cc PLC c ln c th l 5V , 24V , 110V , 220V. Cc PLC c
nh thng ch nhn tn hiu 24V.
Tn hiu ra cng c ghp cch ly, c th cch ly kiu rle , cch ly kiu quang.
Tn hiu ra c th l tn hiu chuyn mch 24V , 100mA ; 110V , 1A mt chiu ;
thm ch 240V , 1A xoay chiu ty loi PLC.

Hnh 2.45: Cch ly kiu rle

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Hnh 2.46: Cch ly kiu quang

iii.

Cu hnh phn cng:

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Hnh 2.47: phn cng PLC

SF (n ) : n SF bo hiu h thng b li. n SF sng ln khi PLC

c li.
RUN (n xanh) : cho bit PLC ang ch lm vic v thc hin chng trnh
c np vo trong b nh chng trnh ca PLC.
STOP (n vng) : ch nh PLC ang ch dng. Dng chng trnh ang thc
hin li.
Mt s loi CPU 22x:

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Hnh 2.47: cu hnh ca PLC

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Hnh 2.48: PLC

Cng truyn thng: S7-200 s dng cng truyn thng ni tip RS 485 vi phch
cm 9 chn phc v cho vic ghp ni vi thit b lp trnh hoc vi cc PLC
khc.Tc truyn cho my lp trnh kiu PPI l 9.6 kbps. Tc truyn cung cp
PLC theo kiu t do l t 300 baud n 38400 baud. Cc chn ca cng truyn
thng l:
t.
24VDC
truyn v nhn d liu
khng dng t
5VDC ( in tr trong 100
24VDC (100mA)

Hnh 2.49: cu to chn ca RS

485
truyn v nhn d liu
khng dng
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ghp ni S7-200 vi my lp trnh PG720 c th s dng mt cp ni thng qua

MPI. Cp i km theo my lp trnh.
Ghp ni S7-200 vi my tnh PC qua cng RS 232 cn c cp ni PC/PPI vi b
chuyn i RS232/RS485 , v qua cng USB ta c cp USB/PPI.
Bng cc vng nh v c im ca CPU S7-200:

Hnh 2.50: bng thng s vng nh

iv.

Kt ni vi my tnh.

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i vi cc thit b lp trnh ca hng Siemens c cc cng giao tip PPI th c th

kt ni trc tip vi PLC thng qua mt si cp. Tuy nhin i vi my tnh c
nhn cn thit phi c cp chuyn i PC/PPI . C 2 loi cp chuyn i l cp
RS232/PPI Multi-Master v cp USB/PPI Multi-Master.
Cp RS232/PPI Multi-Master.
Hnh dng ca cp v cng tc chn ch truyn:

Hnh 2.51: cp kt ni
Ty theo tc truyn gia my tnh v CPU m cng tc 1,2,3 c v tr
thch hp. Thng thng i vi CPU 22x th tc truyn thng t l 9.6 kbaud
( tc cng tc 1,2,3 c t theo th t l 010 )
Ty theo truyn thng l 10 bit hay 11 bit m cng tc 7 c t v tr thch hp.
Khi kt ni bnh thng vi my tnh th cng tc 7 chn ch truyn thng 11
bit ( cng tc 7 t v tr 0 )
Cng tc 6 cp RS232/PPI Multi-Master c s dng kt ni port truyn
thng RS232 ca 1 modem vi S7-200 CPU. Khi kt ni bnh thng vi my tnh
th cng tc 6 c t v tr data Comunications Equipment (DCE) (cng tc 6
v tr 0) . Khi kt ni cp PC/PPI vi mt modem th port RS232 ca cp PC/PPI
c t v tr Data Teminal Equipment (DTE) (cng tc 6 v tr 1).
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Cng tc 5 c s dng t cp RS232/PPI Multi-Master thay th cp PC/PPI

hoc hot ng ch Freeport th t ch PPI/Freeport (cng tc 5 v tr 0).
Nu kt ni bnh thng l PPI (master) vi phn mm STEP 7 Micro/Win 3.2 SP4
hoc cao hn th t ch PPI (cng tc 5 v tr 1).
S ni cp RS232/PPI Multi-Master gia my tnh v CPU S7-200 vi tc
truyn 9,6 kbaud:

Hnh 2.52: s ni cp

Cp USB/PPI Multi-Master.
Hnh dng ca cp:

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Hnh 2.53: Cp USB/PPI Multi-Master

Cch thc kt ni cp USB/PPI Multi-Master cng tng t nh cp RS232/PPI
Multi-Master . s dng cp ny , phn mm cn phi l STEP 7 - Micro/WIN
3.2 Service Pack 4 ( hoc cao hn ). Cp ch c th c s dng vi loi CPU 22x
hoc sau ny. Cp USB khng c h tr truyn thng Freeport v download cu
hnh mn hnh TP070 t phn mn TP Designer.
Gii thiu Phn mm m phng cho PLC S7-200
S7-200 Simulator 2.0 Ing English l mt trong nhng phn mm dng m phng
hot ng ca PLC sau khi c np chng trnh. Chng ta c th m phng
chng trnh vit bng cch s dng phn mm ny m khng cn n PLC.
chy m phng ta ch cn thc thi file S7-200.exe, sau khi khi ng ta c giao
din nh hnh di:

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Hnh 2.54: Giao din ca S7-200 Simulator 2.0 English

Trnh t thc hin khi m phng mt chng trnh iu khin:
Vit chng trnh bng phn mm Step 7 Micro Win
Bin dch chng trnh: File/Export
t tn tp tin v chn Save (*.awl)
Khi ng phn mm m phng S7-200.exe
Chng loi CPU: Configuration/CPU Type/Chn loi CPU cn m phng
M file m phng: PLC/Run hoc biu tng Run

trn thanh cng c

Thay i trng thi ng vo bng cc cng tc trn bng iu khin mu xanh

Quan st cc n bo trng thi ng vo ra trn PLC.
Dng chng trnh: PLC/Stop hoc biu tng Stop

trn thanh cng c

Mt s hnh nh minh ha khi m phng:

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Hnh 2.55: Vit chng trnh bng phn mm Step 7 Micro Win

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Hnh 2.56: Hnh bin dch chng trnh: File/Export

Hnh 2.57: t tn tp tin v chn Save (*.awl)

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Hnh 2.57: M file cn m phng *.awl

Hnh 2.58: Chn loi CPU cn m phng

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Hnh 2.59: Chy m phng chng trnh PLC

n bo trng thi

Chng trnh
dng LAD

Hnh 2.60: Quan st cc n bo trng thi ng vo ra trn PLC

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Hnh 2.61: Dng chng trnh PLC

* Nu chng trnh di i hi nhiu modun m rng th double click vo Module
m rng, sau chn loi mong mun, chn Accept.

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Hnh 2.62: Module m rng

2.2.3. Lp Trnh:
Gii thiu Phn mm WinCC v phng php kt ni vi PLC S7 200
Gii thiu phn mm giao din ngi my WinCC (Siemens).
WinCC (Windows Control Center) l mt phn mm ca hng Siemens dng
iu khin, gim st thu thp d liu trong qu trnh sn xut . Nhng thnh phn c
trong WinCC d s dng, gip ngi dng tch hp nhng ng dng mi hoc c
sn m khng gp bt k tr ngi no.
2.2.3.1. c trng c bn ca WinCC.
WinCC chy trn h iu hnh Microsoft Windows XP, Windows 2000. Do
c tnh cht m v thng xuyn cp nht, pht trin nn WinCC tng thch vi
nhiu phn mm chun to nn giao din ngi v my p ng nhu cu sn xut.
Chng trnh c tch hp nhiu ng dng, tn dng dch v ca h iu hnh lm
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c s m rng h thng. Vi WinCC, ta c th s dng nhiu gii php khc nhau

gii quyt cng vic, t vic xy dng h thng c qui m nh v va khc nhau,
cho ti vic xy dng h thng c qui m ln nh MES: H thng qun l vic thc
hin sn xut Manufacturing Excution Systems
Tu theo kh nng ca ngi thit k cng nh cc phn cng h tr khc
m WinCC v ang c pht trin trong nhiu lnh vc khc nhau.
ng dng ph bin nht ca WinCC l:
Khi mt h thng dng chng trnh WinCC iu khin, thu thp d liu
t qu trnh, n c th m phng bng hnh cc s kin xy ra trong qu trnh iu
khin di dng cc chui s kin. WinCC cung cp nhiu hm chc nng cho mc
ch hin th, thng bo bng ha, x l thng tin o lng, cc tham s cng
thc, cc bng ghi bo co, v.vp ng yu cu cng ngh ngy mt pht trin v
l mt trong nhng chng trnh ng dng trong thc t.
Cc chc nng ca WinCC:
Lp cu hnh hon chnh.
Hng dn gii thiu v vic lp cu hnh.
Thch ng vic n nh, gi v lu tr cc d n
Qun l cc d n
C kh nng ni mng v son tho cho nhiu ngi s dng trong mt
project.
Qun l phin bn
Din t bng th ca d liu cu hnh
iu khin v t cu hnh cho cc hnh v/cu trc h thng

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Thit lp cu hnh ton cc

t cu hnh cho cc chc nng nh v c bit.
To v son tho cc tham kho an cho.
Phn hi d liu
Bo co trng thi h thng.
Thit lp h thng ch.
Chuyn gia Run-timer v cu hnh.
Kim tra ch m phng, tr gip thao tc t cu hnh d liu bao
gm: Dch hnh v, m phng tag, th trng thi v thit lp thng bo.
WinCC c th to mt giao din Ngi My (HMI) da trn c s giao
tip gia con ngi vi cc h thng my, thit b iu khin (PLC, CNC,) thng
qua cc hnh nh, s , hnh v hoc cu ch c tnh trc quan hn. C th gip
ngi vn hnh theo di qu trnh lm vic, thay i cc tham s, cng thc hoc
qu trnh cng ngh thng qua cc h thng t ng . Giao din HMI cho php
ngi vn hnh gim st cc qui trnh sn xut v cnh bo, bo ng h thng khi
c s c.
T my tnh trung tm, c th iu khin s hot ng ca ton b dy
truyn sn xut c lp trnh trn WinCC, bn c th gim st v thu tt c cc
thit b trn dy truyn. Da vo giao din HMI, c th thu thp d liu vo ra (I/O)
mt cch chnh xc. y l mt trong nhng chng trnh thit k giao din Ngi
My ph bin ti Vit Nam.

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Hnh 2.63: giao din Win CC

2.2.3.2. Cu hnh Wincc
a. Cc loi Project

Hnh 2.64: Cc loi Project

Single-User Project: Mt Single-User Project l mt trm vn hnh n.
To cu hnh, cng nh kt ni bus qu trnh v lu tr d liu ca Project c
thc hin trong my tnh ny
Multi-User Project: Cu hnh nhiu Client v mt Server. Tt c cng lm
vic trn mt Project. Ti a 16 Client c truy cp vo mt Server. Cu hnh c
th t trong server hoc trong mt vi client. D liu ca project l cc hnh nh,
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cc tag, mc lu tr d liu c lu tr trong server v cung cp cho cc client.

Server c kt ni vi bus qu trnh v d liu qu trnh c x l y. Vic
vn hnh h thng c thc hin t cc client.
Client Project: Client Project l mt loi project m c th truy cp vo
nhiu server. Cc server c lin kt c project ca ring ca chng. Cu hnh
project ca server c thc hin trong server hoc trong cc client.\
b. Phn mm PC access kt ni PLC v WinCC
Do s7 200 khng c ci sn drive vi phn mm WinCC nn ta phi t ci t
cho n bng phn mm PC access 1.0
Cc bc thc hin giao tieps PLC v Win CC thng qua PC Access 1.0
Bc 1: To Tag trong phn mm PC Access 1.0
M phn mm PC Access 1.0

Hnh 2.65: m phn mm PC Access 1.0

Thm plc vo trong tng h thng ,s trm s c thit k trong pc access
1.0, mi trm c phn bit vi nhau bng a ch plc

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Hinh 2.66: thit k s trm trong pc access

Sau ta t tn cho PLC ta c th chn ti 126 PLC

Hnh 2.67: t tn cho PLC

T PLC mi to trong PC Access chng ta add item vo PLC bng cch
a con chut vo PLC ri n chut phi.

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Hnh 2.68: add item vo PLC

Trong bng properties xut hin di y ta cn ch ti name : Tn bin s s
dng lu phi trng tn vi bin trong Win CC
address : a ch ca bin l a ch no trn PLC u vo hay ra hay bin ni
type : nh dng cho bin thng thng PC Access s khai bo sn ph hp vi a
ch m ta s dng bin
Ch read /write cho php ta va c va ghi bin
Ch read ch cho c bin m khng cho ghi,ty vo mc ch bi ton m ta s
t khc nhau sao cho ph hp vi yu cu ca bi ton.
Ngoi ra lm r cho bin hn ( i vi cc bi ton phc tp m ta kh c th
thuc thun thc tng bin) ta c th m t v chc nng ca bin trong
decription

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Hnh 2.69: m t chc nng ca bin

Sau khi khai bo hon tt ta n ok .Lm tng t nh vy vi cc bin khc ta c
bng cc bin nh v d sau :

Hnh 2.70: cc bin c to

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Sau cng hon tt ta lu file li

Hnh 2.70: lu li file

Bc 2 . Kt ni bin vi WinCC
M phn mn wincc ,To mi mt chng trnh wincc ,chn file/new
Add thm diver mi cho vic kt ni vi S7-200

Hnh 2.71: add thm driver mi cho S7-200

Chn loi diver l OPC cho vic lin kt wincc vi S7-200 thng qua PC
access 1.0
Click chut phi vo OPC Groups ri chn system Parameter ,mn hnh
OPC item manager xut hin
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Hnh 2.72: chn system Parameter

Ti mn hnh manager chng ta i cho WinCC tm kim .Sau khi Vic tm kim
hon thnh ta browse server s7200.OPCServer vo WinCC
mn hnh s7200.OPCServer ta add tng item t phn mm PC Access m ta
to lc trc vo WinCC

Hnh 2.73: add item PC access vo Win CC

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Khi phn mn s t ng Add Tag va chn vo trong phn mn , sau khi hon
thnh phn add tt c cc tag th thot ra khoi phn thit k . Khi chng trnh
wincc s to ra nhng tag m ly trong phn mn PC access

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2.2.3.3. Lu Gii Thut:

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begin

Bang tai

No
Cm Bin1=0
Yes
Piston1 iv

No
No
CB cao =1

CB Thp=1

CB cao =1

CB cao =0

Yes
CB cao =1

Yes
Piston2
i ra

Vt i thng
No

Vt b y loi
CB m=1

B m +1

Yes

end
Hnh 2.74: lu gii thut

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CHNG III: KT QU V HNG PHT TRIN

3.1. Kt qu:
Sau gn 2 thng thc hin vi nhiu c gng v n lc ca chng em cng vi
s tn tnh hng dn ca c L Th kiu Nga, tp n ny hon thnh ng
thi gian qui nh theo yu cu t ra l thit k mt h thng m v phn loi sn
phm theo kch thc s dng PLC. Nhm chng em cng rt ra mt s kinh
nghim:

Hnh 3.1: kt qu t c
Phn c kh: th phi chn ng c cho ph hp, bng ti phi lm chnh xc nu
khng s khng hoi ng c m. Do thi gian ngn nn nhm ch lm c
nhng phn n gin.
in in T : c thit k kh p v n nh.
Lp trnh: m hnh chy c nh mong mun, c th gim st SCADA khi m
hnh hot ng.

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3.2. Hng pht trin:

C th phn loi nhiu vt vi nhiu trng hp khc.
Nghin cu a m hnh vo ng dng thc t.
Mong rng ti ny s c cc bn sinh vin kho sau tip tc thc hin nhng
yu cu trn v khc phc c nhng hn ch ca ti ny, to ra mt sn
phm c cht lng cao phc v cho sn xut v i sng x hi.
TI LIU THAM KHO:
Sch lp trnh vi S7-200 v Win CC TS. Trn Thu H - KS. Phm Quang Huy,
NXB Hng c.
1. T ng ha vi Simatic S7-200 _ Phan Xun Minh & Nguyn Don Phc _
NXB NN.
2. Din n in t, trang web www.dientuvietnam.net.
3. Ti liu n kha 06, 07, 08.
4. Din n Spkt.net.

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