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The Metropolitan Cebu Water District (MCWD) has recently submitted to the World Health Organization its Water Safety Plan (WSP) which gained a very satisfactory approval. Thereby, ready to take off its implementation. Part of the process in concretely realizing and achieving what is written in the plan, is for the MCWD-WSP team to prepare the details of the action plan and its estimated budgetary requirements. The Water Resources Knowledge Center along with its three (3) Divisions are members of the WSP Team. After the recent meeting that was conducted by the team, one of the agreed items is for each team member to prepare their budget. Henceforth, the Environment Division, is being directed to submit a budget proposal for the following components, namely: 1. Catchment Management and Protection Program 2. Security and Enforcement Program 3. Eco-tourism Program Thus, this document will tackle the components that have been discussed herewith. It is, however, to be understood that the indicated budget is of its ball park figures considered as estimates; such that, in any case of budget adjustments, it shall be requested for reconsideration.
The Metropolitan Cebu Water District serves four (4) cities and four (4) municipalities within its franchise area with a total number of one hundred eighteen (118) wells excluding the bulkwater suppliers. Such wells traverse the whole span of the Metropolitan. The four (4) cities includes Talisay City, Cebu City, Mandaue City and Talisay City; likewise, the four (4) Municipalities are Consolacion, Liloan, Compostela and Cordova. On the other hand, believing in the principle that for environment, everything interconnects, the Environment Division, other than the eight Local Government Units served, also have included the municipalities of Balamban, and Asturias and Toledo City as part of our commitment in organizing the three (3) major and critical river systems of Central Cebu which also covers the Central Cebu Protected Landscape. These interventions are part and parcel of MCWDs being a signatory to the Memorandum of Cooperation of the Central Cebu River Basins Management Council and being a bona fide member of the Protected Area Management Board. The total program area coverage is 68, 133 hectares with a total of 214 barangays. Beginning in 2008, MCWD implemented its new core program which is the localization of the integrated water resources management (IWRM). As a background, the Philippines is a signatory to the 1992 Rio de Janiero Conference and has since then adopted IWRM as its national policy on water. To picture out IWRM, we see the river basin as the planning unit. The river basins identified are as follows: the Buhisan River System, the Butuanon and Mahiga River Systems, the Mananga-Kotkot-Combado-Lusaran Basins, the Guadalupe River System and the Bulacao River Systems.
15. No warming systems in upland, midstream, and downstream areas during typhoons / heavy rains. 16. Wetlands in downstream areas are being reclaimed / covered for commercial or residential purposes 17. Absence of measures to protect fisheries and other life forms in the river; river in downstream portion is biologically dead 18. Absence of knowledge and technical capability for groundwater management among LGUs; salt water intrusion in coastal areas; groundwater has gone deeper in coastal areas; technical capability and information inadequately shared and disseminated 19. Policies and implementation framework for water use, conservation, and recycling are only available in urban areas but weakly enforced 20. Limited information mechanisms for promoting IWRM; absence of plans for information sharing
Quality of water polluted, poor quality of potable water Improper waste management improper waste disposal (human, animal, agricultural, toxic/hazardous, industrial waste) Limited access to potable water Limited water-related infrastructures Lack of equity of resources (water rights)
Institutional Development Low awareness/lack of knowledge on IWRM Lack of coordination among LGUs, government line agencies, POs, NGOs, private sector Lack of financial resources at barangay level to implement projects within the river basin area Lack of disaster risk reduction and management and preparedness plans Policy / Law Enforcement Poor implementation of environmental laws Non-conformity with the MOA Watershed Management Siltation of river beds Cutting of trees in river basin area, especially within protected areas Illegal extraction of sand and gravel Tenurial problems, e.g. security of tenure (uplands) land ownership Increased population growth and illegal settlements Lack of alternative sources of income/no social equity Zones not properly managed Non-delineation of protected areas
Cebu City River Basins Core Problem Analysis Causes (Roots) Core Problem (Stem)
Built-Up Areas Denudation/ Illegal cutting of trees Poor enforcement of Regulations and Ordinances Quarrying Presence of pests requiring pesticides and chemicals Organic farming not practiced Safe farming technology not practiced Cutting of trees for charcoal making Improper sanitation (Lack of toilets and septic tanks) Improper Garbage Disposal (Lack of discipline) Irregular schedule of garbage collection and Frequency of garbage collection insufficient Improper/ poor drainage system Prioritization system of barangay (low priority for the environment) Lukewarm acceptance by public of " No Segregation, No Flooding Landslides
Eco-Zone
Forested/ Upland Areas
Agricultural Areas
Water Contamination
Health hazard (Dengue and cholera epidemics, liptosphyrosis) Destruction/ loss of properties of lowland settlers, including infrastructure Water contamination Dislocation/ Displacement of families Water and Air pollution Landslides
Waterbodies
Collection Policy" Over population No relocation site No Political will to implement environmental laws Lack of information and education Housing Project/ subdivision development Mountain Subdivision Development requiring Earthmoving/ Bulldozing Spraying of Chemical Inputs/ Pesticides Presence of structures along the riparian zones Sand and Gravel extraction/ quarrying Improper disposal of garbage, animal, and human wastes, including plastics Clogged-up Waterways Backyard piggeries/ hog raising Poor drainage Siltation Non-implementation of laws and ordinances Poor governance No available land for relocation site Poor groundwater recharge
Siltation Flooding and Landslides Informal Settlers along Coastline, and Riparian Zone (rivers, creeks)
Coastal Areas
Poor Drainage System No barangay Ordinance on disposal of garbage Presence of structures along the seaside (coastline) Lack of public toilets (or rehabilitation of existing ones) Improper disposal of fish gills and internal organs Lack of barangay cooperation during cleanup drive
Flooding
Pollution Soil Erosion Contamination of water sources Poor Water Quality and Poor sanitation Drying-up of springs/ water sources Health hazard (respiratory, dengue, cholera epidemics, liptosphyrosis, and other water-borne diseases) Informal Settlers along Coastline, and Riparian Zone (rivers, creeks) Dislocation/ Displacement of families Destruction of infrastructure and properties of lowland settlers Water contamination Loss of lives and properties Health hazard Air pollution
CrossCutting Concerns
No appropriate Office for environmental concerns (at the City and Bgy levels) Uncooperative landowners Lack of political will (to implement environmental laws) No available land for relocation site Contamination of water sources Destruction of marine life Contaminated coastlines
To health hazard
Drought
Reduced biodiversity
Flooding
Changing river flow patterns; hampered water flow/diminished water supply (B)
Structures
Sedimentation/e rosion
Poor drainage
POOR WATERSHED MANAGEMENT i.e. No soil and water conservation measures, deforestation, land conversion
Weak enforcement of water laws and weak monitoring and evaluation (Ecogovernance)
Weak political will Inadequate Environmental Ethics (Ignorance, Values, Attitudes and Habits)
Loss of revenue
Lower income
Health hazrd
Low Biodiversity
Informal settlers
Industry
Agricultural al
Domestic
Weak enforcement of water laws and weak monitoring and evaluation; no local water laws (Eco-governance)
Priorities 1. Degradation of forest cover -Planting of exotic species -Illegal cutting of trees
Rationale -Dwindling water reservoir -Siltation / sedimentation -Less wildlife due to exotic species of forest trees
Hindrances -Unaware public - Absence of integrated watershed management plan -No proper orientation on tree growing -No tax incentives for planting trees -Absence of management information system (decision-support tool) -Communitys refusal to cooperate -Political accommodation -Limited government resources -Limited livelihood opportunities -Funding constraints
Facilitating Factors -Environmental awareness campaign -Multi-stakeholder coordinated efforts -Buhisan River Management Core Group -M&E mechanism (community-based) -Tax incentives to owners (tree-growing)
2. Illegal structures along the midstream and downstream portion of the river
-Throwing of garbage near the river -Obstruction of river flow -Risk to lives and properties -Water pollution -Weather condition -Health and sanitation problems
-Fragmented governance
-Massive growing of native trees -Adoption of appropriate technology -Re-greening/ reforestation policy of the government -Reproductive health program -Livelihood skills training
5. Water scarcity
-No proper family planning -Strong opposition from the church towards artificial methods -No logistics or insufficient funds
-Promotes illegal activities, which are destructive to the environment such as: *charcoal making *cutting trees *sand and gravel extraction -Increased pollution -Causes poor sanitation and health problems
-Poverty -Lack of government support -Presence of professional squatters -No appropriate site for relocation -Attitude problems -Lack of resources -Time consuming
- Relocation site from local government -Housing projects of NGOs (e.g. Gawad Kalinga)
1. Poor implementation of environmental laws -Nonimplementation of easement laws -Nonimplementation of forestry laws
-Important to implement brgy. ordinances -Uncontrolled and unregulated activities lead to environmental neglect and pollution of Buhisan River
-Absence of political will -Fear of antagonizing violators who are voters -Unregulated drilling of water -Proliferation of illegal structures along creeks and rivers -No local NWRB office - Limited manpower and financial resources -Poor resource allocation to key concerns -Laws are not integrated and comprehensive
-Relocation sites and assistance -Partnership with other stakeholders -Environmental law subject in law colleges -Brgy. Council apprehending illegal loggers -Monitoring of activities -Restriction of water extraction
-Brgy. ordinance cannot be imposed due to conflicts -Brgy. projects cannot be implemented due to conflicts
-Difficult to identify who is responsible for a particular area -People are dependent on government officials -Inaccessibility to funding for the implementation of laws -Lack of information
-Availability of hazard maps from DENR -Territorial expansion increases brgy. income and voter population
-People could create or add to problems instead of contributing what is good for water management -People should be active participants in governance
-Lack of community involvement -Apathy -No information how to access royalty fees
-Values formation and team building seminars -Existing education activities re: environmental laws
Ball Park Figure: (subject for detailed work and financial planning) Budget Proposed: Two-Million Pesos (PhP 2,000,000.00) for the first two years (20122014)
Component 2. Security and Enforcement Program The Key Result Areas: i. Strengthening of the environmental enforcement and judiciary components for security and safety that includes police officers, prosecutors, justices of environmental courts. Capability-building activities and trainings of security personnel both for MCWD blue guards, forest wardens, and tanods who will be involved in the security and enforcement interventions Crafting of the Manual of Water Resources and Environmental Violations and Penalties Mainstreaming of the security and enforcement programs in the Local Government Units Annual Investment Plans. Entering into multi-stakeholder and multi-sectoral Memoranda of Cooperation to ensure the protection of our water resources through security and enforcement. Crafting of a security and enforcement plan
ii.
Ball Park Figure: (subject for detailed work and financial planning)
Budget Proposed: Two-Million Pesos (PhP 2,000,000.00) for the first two years (20122014) Component 3: Eco-tourism Program The Key Result Areas: i. ii. iii. iv. v. Resource Inventory Activities Eco-tourism Planning and identification of Eco-tourism Products Product Development and Marketing of Eco-tourism Areas and Products Resource Mobilization Activities Social Marketing Activities for Water Orientations and Community Education and Public Advocacy (CEPA)
Ball Park Figure: (subject for detailed work and financial planning) Budget Proposed: One Million and Five Hundred Thousand Pesos (PhP 1,500,000.00) for the first two years (2012-2014)
AFTERWORD
This budget proposal for the water safety plan as the deliverable of the Environment Division looks forward to the detailed planning to be participated by the entire WSP Committee Team Members. Likewise, the basis for MCWDs strategic directions in undertaking water safety plan deliverables are the various stakeholder workshops conducted in the previous years. Thus, plans are products of the peoples observations and facts that need for MCWD to focus and to keenly ensure its realization.