PAPER NO: 55-7619/EXAM/S2/11

SHEFFIELD HALLAM UNIVERSITY Faculty of Arts, Computing, Engineering and Sciences

SEMESTER TWO EXAMINATIONS - MAY 2011

Module Title: Module Leader(s): Industrial Applications of Finite Element Method Dr Jose L Curiel Sosa Module No: Time Allowed: 55-7619 3 hours plus 15 minutes reading time

Stationery requirements (per student) : 16 Page Anonymous Answer Booklet Supplementary Answer Sheets (Available on Request) INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:

1. The University Regulations on academic conduct, including cheating and plagiarism, apply to all examinations. 2. The normal examination regulations of the University apply (see script answer book). Please do NOT start writing until told to do so by the Invigilator. 3. Candidates must NOT use red ink on the script answer book. 4. The memory of any programmable/graphical calculator used during this examination must be cleared before the start of the paper. 5. The examination is closed book (relevant formulae are provided at page 5) . 6. Answer any FOUR questions.

THIS PAPER CONTAINS 5 PAGES INCLUDING THIS SHEET 1

PAPER NO: 55-7619/EXAM/S2/11

1.

Figure 1 shows a thin fin from a heat exchanger device. The fin, with thermal conductivity k=350W/moC, thickness t=0.001m, width w=1m and length L=0.3m, extends from a plane wall, on the left of Figure 1, whose temperature is 410oC. The surrounding air is at a temperature of 25oC and the convective heat-transfer coefficient is h=10 W/m2 oC. (a) Calculate the temperature distribution along the length of the fin assuming three one-dimensional finite elements along the length of the metallic fin. (15 Marks)

(b) Determine the amount of heat transferred from the fin to the surrounding air. (5 Marks)

Figure 1. Metallic thin fin from a heat exchange device.

TOTAL: (20 Marks)

2.

Answer the following questions from a finite element analysis perspective, (a) Explain the consequences of using nonlinear constitutive material models in terms of accurateness, convergence and computational cost. (5 Marks) (5 Marks) (5 Marks) (5 Marks)

(b) State the main differences between implicit-FEM and explicitFEM. (c) Explain what isoparametric elements are.

(d) Describe the advantages and disadvantages of using higher order finite elements.

TOTAL: (20 Marks)

PAPER NO: 55-7619/EXAM/S2/11

3.

A steel column, Figure 2, of length L=4m and square cross-section area A=0.01m2 is under a compressive load, P=3MN. The column is supported laterally to avoid failure by buckling. However, a material plasticity analysis is required to know whether the column will yield or not. The Youngs modulus is E=200000MN/m2 and the yield stress is 278MN/m2. (a) Write the FE system of equations to be solved assuming a mesh formed by two finite elements. (7 Marks)

(b) Calculate the displacement at the nodes by solving the system of equations of (a). (6 Marks) (c) Find the stress using FE methodology. Are permanent deformations expected to develop in the column? (7 Marks)

Figure 2. Metallic column of cross-section area A under compressive force P.

TOTAL: (20 Marks) 4. Assuming linear shape functions for the bar shown in Figure 3, answer the following: (a) Evaluate the intrinsic coordinate and the shape functions at point P. (7 Marks)

(b) If the displacements of nodes 1 and 2 are 0.001mm and -0.004mm respectively, calculate the displacement of the point P. (6 Marks) (c) What is the strain in the element using the approximated relationship between strain and displacements used in the FEM? (7 Marks)
P

TOTAL: (20 Marks)

Figure 3. Bar finite element.

5.

In order to approximate the compression of a quarter of a circular

3

PAPER NO: 55-7619/EXAM/S2/11

disc, perfectly constrained along its sides, two 3-noded isoparametric elements, with one Gauss point each, are used as shown in Figure 4. The radius of the disc is 1m, the material has a Youngs modulus of E=6000MN/m2, a Poisson ratio equals to zero, and a thickness t=0.001m. (a) Write the topology matrix (connectivity table) and calculate the B strain operator of element 1. (10 Marks) (10 Marks)

(b) Write the constitutive matrix for plane stress state and find the expression for the global stiffness component K33.

Figure 4. A quarter of a circular disc subjected to distributed loading.

TOTAL: (20 Marks)

FORMULAE
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PAPER NO: 55-7619/EXAM/S2/11

FEM for Solids and Stress Analysis Plane Stress Constitutive Matrix

Bar elements

where

3-Noded finite elements

where

FEM for Heat Transfer

where

and