ZISSP JOURNALISM TRAINING WORKSHOP REPORT

SATURDAY 12TH MAY 2012

1. Introductions: round robin 2. Expectations: round robin; eg, kelvin ( health); Pamela ( worthy health stories); get to understand strategic thinking; Brandina (knowledge of how health ministry can get to work with other organisations; improve health matters skills, technical know how; know more about zissp OBJECTIVES OF THE TRAINING WORKSHOP ZISSP OVERVIEW

SUNDAY 13TH MAY 2012 PM JM GAVE a rundown of the cardinal principals of media work, journalism, based on Socoiety of Professional Journalism (spj) template. Examples were given. Participants were challenged to come up with specific challenges related to ethical conduct. A chart was given to guide the journalists. It was suggested that some of the issues raised would be followed up during the Wednesday seminar that shall be convened together with the station managers.

PAULINE WAMULUME(from MOH) GAVE a presentation on the new communication strategy on malaria by the Ministry of Health. She spoke of goals and objectives Problem behaviours. Some people do not make an effort fo acquire INSs Some people acquire ITNs but do not hang them Some people acquire ITNS BUT HANG THEM INCORRECTLY Some people acquire itns but do not sleep under them even after hanging them correctly Some people acquire ITNS, BUT CHOSE TO ABUSE THEM. Some people lock up houses, while others turn away spray operators Some people agree to have their houses sprayed but immediately wash off paint or walls

SOME CORE MESSAGES IRS is safe Memb ers of households should allow spray operators to spray heir homes IRS is most effective if all houses are sprayed Households should prepare their homes for spraying and coorperate with spray operators Community leaders should be role models and allow their houses to be sprayed Spray operators should wear protective clothing

MONDAY 14TH MAY MORNING SESSION DR Banda, Copperbelt Chief Medical Officer was introduced to the course participants as the provincial host of the workshop. He outlined a number of issues regarding media and journalism. Areas of interest were identified and participants were invited to ask questions. Dr Banda responded and clarified.

NEWSWORTHY ISSUES AND VALUES Participants took part in an exercise regarding newsworthiness by identifying 3 major news stories out of a total of six. Split into groups of two, they gave reasons explaining why they chose the particular stories that they chose. This was followed by a debate following on their choices. QUALITIES OF NEWS The various qualities of news were thereafter discussed regarding prominence, innovation, how it affects the community, its impact, topicality WRITING FOR RADIO Participants were taken through the various formats and styles of writing for radio, which is essentially different from writing for print media. PREPARING FOR THE FIELD ASSIGNMENT Participants were required to identify one health issue relevant to their community. In the course of this preparatory work, they were asked to identify particular research method and their various sources of the stories interviewees. This was later discussed in plenary session with other participants. Thereafter, participants reported to plenary with their ideas regarding the topic they would cover, the research methods, and the type of report. Participants were divided into four groups for their field research and allocated specific locations in Kitwe where they would carry out their research as follows: 2

Bananas Buchi Main Oranges Kamitondo Lemons Riverside Apples Chimwemwe Contact person: Dr. Mukuka Chanda 0955113514 Principal Clinical Care Officer Regarding the National Malaria Control Centres 6th Malaria Media Awards to be held in November, it was noted that participation from community radio stations have not participated fully. The Centre would like to see more participation. Ms Wamulume wanted to find out What was inhibiting the community radio stations? What could improve the competition? In terms of prizes, what kind of prize would better enhance the work of community radio stations, apart from the cash prize.

Participants thought they should be given more time to think about the questions. One of the difficulties from the participants point of view was the mode of transmission of the information, and they wondered whether there was another way the information could be relayed to the community radios. Predominantly, Ms. Wamulume explained that the competition has been advertised in the main daily newspapers. Laptops, mobile phones, digital cameras, recorders have been some of the items that have been offered as prizes in addition to the cash prizes. In conclusion Ms. Wamulume said: When people see you or see your work, you will be recognized and will be offered positive feedback, and possibly even further training.

TUESDAY FIELD DAY: Groups split into four groups, namely: Apple Group; Banana Group; Orange Group; Lemon Group.

WEDNESDAY Presentation of group assignments initially outlining the issue; sources of the story; the research method, the audience, and audience involvement. APPLE GROUP 1: Two members: Wanted to talk to the local authority but couldnt do that coz of transport, language was a problem because some people didnt feel comfortable, and there was lack of time. From the floor, the intro could have been better, intro of charity tembo let the cat out of the bag. On audience involvement, there could have been a husband but there were no husbands, not very sure with the audience of the piece, language is very important, generally was a good attempt, but on page 36 of communication strategy of IPTP THERE must be an attempt to avoid the challenges. So better to tell a positive story to avoid the side effects of taking medicine; The intro could have been strongerbout could have cited the place where they were, ie Chimwemwe, and the transition was not very good. close ended questions are not good, and leading questions are also to be avoided. Within the time available is was a good story. What format was it?vox pop, mini documentary, news feature, magazine, its a mixture, and because she had a number of sources it was interesting. IPTP: Malaria, pregnant women, fancida.

BANANA GROUP 2: Distribution of ItnS, news format, person to person research; sources WAS registered midwife and the community: story talked of diagnosis of malaria; Buchi residents, Challenges: when we went into the field we had another idea, to look for the misuse of ITNs but we changed the angle to the fact that people were not receiving ITNs; language was also an issue; audience was the ministry of health, when the story starts it talks about treatment of malaria and then goes to prevention within the same story, it confuses the listener. The story needed to deliver the key promise of the story. We want to encourage people to acquire nets, need to balance net acquisition. Comments from the journalists: The interview came out well; its a nice piece, beginning with news content, quite educative, but the first clip was too long and was not segmented. Actuality should also be short and to the point, narration was not punchy enough. Second speaker was also not introduced and came in abruptly; didnt state levels of malaria cases. Necessary for continued tempo and flow. Very good attempt but not very inclusive and no comment from an authority. The item is lost between a documentary and a feature, ends abruptly, without any out signature, research is missing, but also maybe because its a bit of a news story; Non clarity of the intro caused confusion within the audience.

ORANGE GROUP 3: Diagnosis and treatment of malaria, montage to cover adequate, sources; a mother, father, local drug store seller, health personnel; field research method: one on one and desk; audience youths, adults; objective to increase awareness among members of the community.

A total of nine people speak in the story of 20 minutes, which should have been 15 minutes but lack of time we could not manage to cut it down. Also there was confusion because everyone in the group was doing a different story, because when we went into the field we were told that we would use the laptops to edit; but these are the challenges which really have a possibility of being used. What is the learning point? The story didnt seem to have a learning point; on the point of confusion we picked on one format; it was boring, could have been much shorter. Whats a montage? Its a story that has the voices of the people being interviewed. But the interviews have to be short; it shouldot be a monologue, there should be variety and movement. As journalists, you an authority in your own right so have your facts, but there was an element of confusion. As a montage, you want to make sure that the sources are the right ones .

LEMON GROUP 4: ISSUE WAS low utilisantion of itns, environmental , field research, format news , sources community members, environmental : Story starts with a punch, the narration is strong and upbeat. Didnt hear about the misuse of the nets, or wasnt very clear. Its a kind of mix of distribution, but this was because of time, we did not have enough of it to bring it out. Generally good sources, and can be re-worked to produce a better story.

In conclusion the stories were generally good within the timeframe given: there was need to focus on one issue, a strong and powerful introduction, and a conclusion that is clear with a call to action, or appeal to the government/sponsors/audience for a policy appraisal. The first and last stories were the ones that captured the audience better. On the audience, its difficult to have the community as an audience. Theres also need to be clear on the community. There are many segments within the community. It is too wide to simply have the community as an audience.

AFTER TEABREAK Dr Tembo Pitters MOH deputy director for communication and technical support. tpitters@moh.gov.zm Press queries come to my office. From the directorate of technical support to directorate of communication and technical support; currently in process of developing communication strategy to help with media work. Called a workshop with the main media organisations like daily mail, times of Zambia, and one of them was the issue of bureaucracy. This is because of the need for accurate information. Theres need for clearanrance from the permanent secretary. One of the things to be improved is the website to help everyone including 5

everyone to get information from there. Also appealing to journalists to do their own research; we are a very short staffed directorate and you can help us. There was an issue of lack of specialization in health reporting, and orientation and training is needed; we have only one spokesperson for the entire country, decentralization to the provincial areas is currently on board and each province has the mandate to give certain information, apart from specific sensitive information; as ministry of health, theres a bias towards television regarding Your Health Matters which will be rolled out to the radio.

COMMENT FROM THE FLOOR: At district level in Petauke, its a big challenge to bring up issues on the programme. The authorities do not show up when you request them. Dr Pitters said at HQ theres a similar problem but if the programme can be given out well in advance, we would find it easier. One participant felt that the problem is that health issues are often quite urgent and they require urgent reaction from the MOH. Sometimes its also the difficulty that the ministry finds in internal communication. stations as well. If there are other concerns regarding the communication strategy we will be able to input the into the overall strategy.

The lifeblood of Media Houses: Goes to the roots. Looking at the 3 key stakeholders: * Sources: How are we handling them? E.g. Airtel, etc, sometimes they give you money which you need but sometimes theres an issue that is negative, and sometimes theres conflict of interest when you have to report on that issue as a radio station. Sometimes we have to spike the information and this puts the radio station in a dilemma:

ANNEX 1 Pre training Questionnaire for community radio Journalists [12.05.2012]

1. Which of the following statements best explain how the media influence people? a. Direct and very powerful b. Indirect and somewhat powerful c. Indirect and less powerful d. Indirect and not powerful 2. What are the four traditional roles of the media? a. ______________________________ b. ______________________________ c. ______________________________ d. _______________________________ 3. Which disease is the number one killer in Zambia and Sub-Saharan Africa? ___________________ 4. List at least five ways in which audience members can participate in radio programming? a. ____________________________________ b. ____________________________________ c. ____________________________________ d. ____________________________________ e. ____________________________________ 5. List at least two things you would consider while conducting a mapping of key health issues in your community a. ____________________________________ b. ____________________________________

6. What are the five cardinal principles of journalism? a. ____________________________________ b. ____________________________________ 7

c. ____________________________________ d. ____________________________________ e. ____________________________________ 7. List at least five ways in which health stories can be made newsworthy and relevant to the community a. ____________________________________ b. ____________________________________ c. ____________________________________ d. ____________________________________ e. ____________________________________ 8. Give at least five radio program formats that you know a. ____________________________________ b. ____________________________________ c. ____________________________________ d. ____________________________________ e. ____________________________________

9.

How is writing for radio different from writing for print or TV? __________________________________________________________________________________

10. Name the three major stakeholders that are considered the life blood of media houses a. ____________________________________ b. ____________________________________ c. ____________________________________

ANNEX 2

Training agenda
Radio Journalists and Station Managers Kitwe (Copper Belt Province), May 12 17, 2012 DAY ONE: Saturday, May 12 (Journalists)
Item 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Activity Ice breaker, welcome and introductions Overview of ZISSP/CCP Expectations/purpose/objectives of the training & pre-test Training logistics, admin issues and ground rules Break The power and effects of the media: from magic bullet to moderate/negotiated influence. Role of strategic communication in radio programming: from broadcasting to narrowcasting. Media and the community The four traditional roles Discussion on the role of the media in development Lunch The development paradigm and central place of the media as agents of change. Health content case study on malaria ZISSP malaria communication strategy Discussion of key messages/issues in malaria Evening tea & end of day one Facilitator ZISSP ZISSP ZISSP ZISSP Hotel/ZISSP Consultant Consultant Consultant Consultant, participants Hotel/ZISSP Consultant ZISSP facilitator Consultant, participants Hotel/ZISSP Time 8:30 - 9:00am 9:00 9:30am 9:30 10:00am 10:00 10:30am 10:30-11:00am 11:00 -11:30am 11:30 -12:00pm 12:00 -12:30pm 12:30 -1:00pm 1:00-2:00pm 2:00 3:00pm 3:00 4:00pm 4:00 5:00pm 5:00pm

DAY TWO: Sunday, May 13 (Journalists)

Item 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 9 Activity Recap of day one and press digest Research and radio programming Audience research Audience participation Break Mapping health issues in your community Key sources (MRCs) for health issues in your community Audiences for health issues in your community Sponsors for health issues in your community Lunch The cardinal principles/ethos of journalism and their Responsibility Consultant Consultant, participants Consultant, participants Consultant, participants Hotel/ZISSP Consultant, participants Consultant, participants Consultant, participants Consultant, participants Hotel/ZISSP Consultant, participants Time 8:30 - 9:00am 9:00 9:30am 9:30 10:00am 10:00 10:30am 10:30-11:00am 11:00 11:30am 11:30 12:00pm 12:00 12:30pm 12:30 1:00pm 1:00-2:00 2:00 4:00pm

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application Evening tea & end of day two

Hotel/ZISSP

4:00pm

Day THREE: Monday, May 14 (Journalists)

Item 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Activity Recap of day two & press digest Making health stories newsworthy (Refer to malaria case study and issues raised) Success stories! Break Different styles, formats & angles for health content Writing for radio Dealing with technical content Lunch Case study of program format RDL safe motherhood Identifying story/program ideas on malaria and safe motherhood. Presentation of individual/group story/program ideas and peer reviews. Evening tea & end of day two Responsibility Consultant Consultant & participants Hotel/ZISSP Participants & Consultant Consultant Consultant Hotel/ZISSP ZISSP facilitator Participants practical application (working sheet) Participants, all facilitators Hotel/ZISSP Time 8:30-9:00am 9:00-10:00am 10:00-10:30am 10:30 -11:30am 11:30 -12:30pm 12:30 10:00pm 1:00-2:00pm 2:00 3:00pm 3:00 - 4:00pm 4:00 - 5:00pm 5:00pm

DAY FOUR: Tuesday, May 15 (Journalists)

Item 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Activity Recap of day three & press digest Field trip logistics and departure Break tea & departure to the field Field work Conducting interviews for your story/program Departure from the field. Lunch Writing & producing your story/program using information from the field trip. Preparing your story/program for presentation to facilitators & station managers on the following day. Evening tea & end of day four Responsibility Consultant ZISSP Participants Participants Participants Hotel/ZISSP Participants Participants , facilitators Hotel/ZISSP Time 8:30 - 9:00am 9:00 - 9:15am 9:15 -10:00am 10:00 12:00pm 12:00 1:00pm 1:00 -2:00pm 2:00 - 4:00pm 4:00 - 5:00pm 5:00pm

DAY FIVE: Wednesday, May 16 (Journalists and Managers)

Item 1 2 3 10 Activity Recap of day four and press digest Individual/group presentations Break Responsibility Consultant Participants Hotel/ZISSP Time 8:30 - 9:00am 9:00 10:30am 10:30-11:00am

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9 10 11

Individual/group presentations continue Feedback on individual/group presentations Lunch The life blood of media houses three key stakeholders; Audiences Sources Advertisers/sponsors How to identify & build strategic relationships with the three players; Audience/community segmentation & profiling Mapping & building relationships with sources Mapping & building relationships with advertisers Monitoring and evaluating your radio programming (program schedule) Action planning for individual journalists & discussion with their managers Evening tea & end of day five

Participants Facilitators, managers Hotel/ZISSP Consultant

11:00 12:00pm 12:00 1:00pm 1:00-2:00 2:00 3:00pm

Consultant & participants

3:00 3:30pm

Consultant, participants Participants Hotel/ZISSP

3:30 4:00pm 4:00 5:00pm 5:00pm

DAY SIX: Thursday, May 17 (Managers)

Item 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Activity Recap of day 1 5 Mobilizing resources for your station Your program schedule and its selling power Break Developing your station strategy/plan/USP Marketing your station plan/strategy to sponsors Possible opportunities for funding community media Lunch Case studies from Uganda Resource mobilization action plan for your station Evening tea & end of day four Responsibility Consultant Consultant, managers Consultant, managers Hotel/ZISSP Consultant, managers Consultant, managers Consultants, managers Hotel/ZISSP Consultant Station managers Hotel/ZISSP Time 8:30 - 9:00am 9:00am 9:30am 9:30 10:00am 10:00-10:30am 10:30 11:30am 11:30 12:30pm 12:30 1:00pm 1:00-2:00 2:00 3:00pm 3:00 5:00pm 5:00pm

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