ECEN 5007 SOLAR THERMAL POWER PLANTS Lecture 8.

Parabolic Dishes
July 27, 2012 Manuel J. Blanco, Ph.D., Dr.Ing. - Manuel A. Silva, Dr.Ing. TWTH 17:00-19:30 - Class Room: ECCR 1B55 Office Hours: TWTH 15:30-16:30

Parabolic dish systems

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Combine a paraboloidal concentrator (parabolic dish) with a Power Conversion Unit (PCU) directly attached to the concentrator MDAC ('83-'88) Boeing/SES Types of PCU (98-99) "
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Gas Turbines Direct Steam Generation Stirling Engine

Advanco ('82-'85) "

SBP/Almeria" ('88-'99)"

SBP/Solo"

Cummins " ('89-'96) "

SAIC/STM "

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Parabolic Dish + Gas Turbine

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Cummings 1996

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Parabolic dish - Direct Steam Generation

Dish collector eld at Shenandoah, GA

Industrial process heat project.
7 meters diameter,
aluminized lm reector
Heat from the eld was used in a textile plant for air conditioning and process heat.

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Solar Village (Arabia Saud)

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Parabolic dish Stirling engine experiences (source: Mancini et al. JSEE 2003)

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Parabolic dish Stirling engine

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performance
High concentration ratio High temperature Modularity No water consumption

SBP/Solo-PSA"

High capital costs Stirling engine and concentrator High O+M costs H2 refilling, engine maintenance 10-kW EuroDish Durability of the engine
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Dish Stirling systems. Main elements

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Structure Concentrator Tracking system PCU Control

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Structure

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Structural optical surface

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Space frame structures

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Stretched membrane

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Concentrator

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Glass mirror-faceted
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Spherically curved mirrors Individually alignable Parabolic shaped structure

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Full surface paraboloid

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The entire surface forms a paraboloid Usually made of a number of petals

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Stretched membrane. Single facet

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Membrane
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Preshaped (vacuum not enough) Thin reflective plastic Thin metal sheet + reflective surface

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Stretched membrane - multifaceted

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Avoid the need for preshaping Difficult alignment

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Mounting
Pedestal Carrousel

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Tracking

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Polar tracking

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Elevation - azimuth tracking

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Receiver
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Absorbs concentrated solar energy and converts it to thermal energy that heats the working fluid (gas) inside the engine.
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External (low temp.) Cavity (high temp.) Directly illuminated tubes Reflux

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Directly illuminated tubes receiver

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Reflux receiver
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Intermediate heat transfer fluid Decouple receiver and engine

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Pool boiler. The absorber surface is always immersed in a liquid

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Reflux receiver
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Heat pipe. A wick draws the liquid metal from a small sump

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Stirling Engine
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The Stirling cycle

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Stirling engines
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Kinematic Free piston

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Cleanergy, 10 kW

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Performance of Eurodish System

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Performance of the Eurodish System

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State of the art

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Most efficient solar to electric technology (>30%). Pre-commercial experiences

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Increase reliability Reduce costs Tessera Suncatcher (SES) Cleanergy / SBP Eurodish Infinia Corp (Ripaso Energy) 25 kW 10 kW 3 kW 25 kW

Three (four) main manufacturers / systems today

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SES / Tessera Suncatcher http://www.tesserasolar.com/

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SES / Tessera Solar, Maricopa 1.5 MW

Infinia http://www.infiniacorp.com/
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3 kW Free piston engine

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Infinia

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Eurodish
sbp.de
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10 kW kinematic Stirling engine (SOLO V161) 8.5 m diameter concentrator

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Projects (Tessera Solar / SES)

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Imperial Valley (Solar 2) | Imperial County, California | San Diego Gas & Electric (SDG&E) 750MW| Total of 30,000 SunCatcher Power Systems. Calico (Solar 1) | San Bernardino County, California | Southern California Edison (SCE) 850MW | Total of 34,000 SunCatcher Power Systems. . Western Ranch Solar | West Texas | CPS Energy 27MW |Total of 1,080 SunCatcher Power Systems. Maricopa Solar |Maricopa County - Peoria, Arizona | Salt River Project (SRP) 1.5MW |Total of 60 SunCatcher Power Systems.

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Projects (Infinia)
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Infinia
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100 kW demo plant,Vllarrobledo, Spain 70 MW (2 projects) in Spain SD G&E (demonstration projects)

Cleanergy
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SOLARDIS (5 units x 10 kW)

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Free piston engine.

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http://www.infiniacorp.com/howitworks.html http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fl8iNXsjsbI&feature=fvw http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z-MJrJpW2M0 http://www.infiniacorp.com/powerdish.html

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Tessera /SES
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Infinia
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Cleanergy Eurodish

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