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GPRS scenarios
2 MAR | Re | 1MAT 08.10.02 1 08/00 | GPRS General Packet Radio Services
GPRS Scenarios
Reiner Stuhlfauth
Rohde&Schwarz Training Center, Munich
GPRS mobility management GPRS session management GPRS network operation modes
1MAT | 08.10.02 | 2
Outline of Presentation
Structure of presentation
Routing area GPRS state model
GPRS - Routing area GPRS - State models inside MS GPRS - Mobility management GPRS - Session management GPRS - Network operation modes
GPRS mobility management GPRS session management GPRS network operation modes
1MAT | 08.10.02 | 3
GPRS-Routing Area
Signalling quantity needed
high
Routing area GPRS state model
GPRS mobility management GPRS session management GPRS network operation modes
1MAT | 08.10.02 | 4
GPRS-Routing Area
Signalling needed
high
Routing area GPRS state model
GPRS mobility management GPRS session management GPRS network operation modes
Signalling in Downlink direction, i.e. Paging calls sent over all radio cells belonging to that location area
Paging over small location area
1MAT | 08.10.02 | 5
GPRS-Routing Area
Signalling needed
high
Routing area GPRS state model
GPRS mobility management GPRS session management GPRS network operation modes
1MAT | 08.10.02 | 6
GPRS-Routing Area
Signalling needed
high
Routing area GPRS state model
GPRS mobility management GPRS session management GPRS network operation modes
low small
GPRS-Routing Area
LAI, Location Area Identity
Routing area GPRS state model
GPRS mobility management GPRS session management GPRS network operation modes
GPRS mobility management GPRS session management GPRS network operation modes
1MAT | 08.10.02 | 9
MS Start T3330
Network ROUTING AREA UPDATE REQUEST If P-TMSI or TMSI allocated, or Receive N-PDU Number needed Start T3350 ROUTING AREA UPDATE COMPLETE Stop T3350 or ROUTING AREA UPDATE REQUEST
GPRS mobility management GPRS session management GPRS network operation modes
1MAT | 08.10.02 | 10
If MS initiated cell re-selection in READY state, cell update informs the SGSN about the new serving cell Cell update is done by transmitting an LLC frame Parameter NCO, Network Control Order in SysInfo: MS or network initiated cell reselection
The network may request measurement reports from the MS and control its cell re- selection. This is indicated by the parameter NETWORK_CONTROL_ORDER. NC0 NC1 Normal MS control The MS shall perform autonomous cell re-selection. MS control with measurement reports The MS shall send measurement reports. The MS shall perform autonomous cell re-selection. NC2 Network control The MS shall send measurement reports to the network The MS shall not perform autonomous cell re-selection
GPRS mobility management GPRS session management GPRS network operation modes
1MAT | 08.10.02 | 11
GSM-state model of MS
Initialisation
Routing area GPRS state model
Power on SIM card check Register and timer reset Initial cell selection Network selection Reading Sysnfo on BCCH
GPRS mobility management GPRS session management GPRS network operation modes
Cell re-selection Network re-selection Listening to paging channels MS originated call procedures Perform location update
GPRS-state model of MS
Initialisation and cell selection
Routing area GPRS state model
GPRS mobility management GPRS session management GPRS network operation modes
GPRS STANDBY State PDU transmission GPRS READY State READY Timer T3314 expiry
1MAT | 08.10.02 | 13
GPRS-state model of MS
GPRS IDLE State
Routing area GPRS state model
MS is not ready for GPRS Services MS may be switched off MS of class A or class B may be IMSI attached MS reads SysInfo to know whether GPRS is supported If packet data transfer is requested by higher layers, the MS is initiating the GPRS attach procedure
GPRS mobility management GPRS session management GPRS network operation modes
1MAT | 08.10.02 | 14
GPRS-state model of MS
GPRS STANDBY State
Routing area GPRS state model
MS is GPRS attached MS performs routing area update if necessary GMM context is established PDP context may be activated or deactivated MS listens to paging channels If higher layers request data transfer, MS starts PDP context activation if necessary and TBF establishment
GPRS mobility management GPRS session management GPRS network operation modes
1MAT | 08.10.02 | 15
GPRS-state model of MS
GPRS READY State
Routing area GPRS state model
MS is GPRS attached and PDP context is active MS performs cell update if necessary MS must be in READY state to transfer data
GPRS mobility management GPRS session management GPRS network operation modes
IDLE
IDLE
GPRS mobility management GPRS session management GPRS network operation modes
STANDBY
READY timer expiry PDU transmission or Force to STANDBY
STANDBY
READY timer expiry or Force to STANDBY or Abnormal RLC condition
PDU reception
READY
MM State Model of MS
1MAT | 08.10.02 | 17 GPRS General Packet Radio Services
GPRS Scenarios
READY
MM State Model of SGSN
Field IMSI NSAPI MSISDN PDP Type PDP Address Dynamic Address APN in Use QoS Profile Negotiated SGSN Address MNRG Recovery SND SNU Charging Id Reordering Required
GPRS mobility management GPRS session management GPRS network operation modes
Field IMSI MM State P-TMSI P-TMSI Signature Routeing Area Cell Identity Kc CKSN Ciphering algorithm Classmark DRX Parameters Radio Priority SMS
SIM X X X X X X
MS
1MAT | 08.10.02 | 18 GPRS General Packet Radio Services
GPRS Scenarios
SGSN
GGSN
Network
GPRS mobility management GPRS session management GPRS network operation modes
Stop T3310
ATTACH ACCEPT
ATTACH COMPLETE
or
ATTACH REQUEST Start T3310 ATTACH REJECT
Stop T3310
1MAT | 08.10.02 | 19
GPRS Attach is mandatory Combined GPRS/IMSI attach is possible Establishes a GMM context Negociated parameters:
P-TMSI, TMSI, DRX parameters, READY timer value, Routing Area Identity Periodic routing area update timer value MS radio access capabilities, e.g. multislot class ciphering keys, MS power class, etc.
GPRS mobility management GPRS session management GPRS network operation modes
1MAT | 08.10.02 | 20
Network
GPRS mobility management GPRS session management GPRS network operation modes
GPRS detach may be initiated by MS or network GPRS detach will delete GMM context There are different causes for GPRS detach:
GPRS detach with switching off, GPRS detach without switching off, IMSI detach, GPRS/IMSI detach with switching off, re-attach not required re-attach required IMSI detach after VLR failure
GPRS mobility management GPRS session management GPRS network operation modes
1MAT | 08.10.02 | 22
GPRS uses the same algorithm for authentication that is known from GSM SIM card shall handle 2 result parameter sets 1 for GSM 1 for GPRS S IM => problems Ki R N A D with old SIM cards. MS will A 3 store the values S E R S instead.
R AN D
GPRS General Packet Radio Services
GPRS Scenarios
M C S S E R S = S E R S ?
Triplet for IM "xyz" ? SI
GPRS mobility management GPRS session management GPRS network operation modes
R D AN SR ES Kc
SR ES
A C U Ki R N A D A 3 S E R S
1MAT | 08.10.02 | 23
The ciphering key Kc is calculated like known from GSM. SIM card shall handle 2 result parameter sets 1 for GSM 1 for GPRS => problems with old SIM cards. MS will store the values instead.
GPRS General Packet Radio Services
GPRS Scenarios
M C S store
R AN D
GPRS mobility management GPRS session management GPRS network operation modes
Kc
RAND SRES
Kc
S IM A C U
Ki
A8
RAND
Ki
A8
RAND
Kc
Kc
1MAT | 08.10.02 | 24
DIRECTION
INPUT
DIRECTION
Kc
Kc
GPRS mobility management GPRS session management GPRS network operation modes
PLAIN TEXT
CIPHERED TEXT
CIPHERED TEXT
PLAIN TEXT
SGSN/MS
Kc INPUT DIRECTION OUTPUT 64 bits, derived from Kc generation procedure
MS/SGSN
32 bits, LLC frame dependent parameter, set to random initial value 1 bit, indicates the direction 1600 octets max.
Application A: Internet
PDP-Address
GPRS mobility management GPRS session management GPRS network operation modes
GPRS-Network
PDP-Address
Application B: E-Mail
1MAT | 08.10.02 | 26
GPRS-Session Management
Use of TLLI and NSAPI
Routing area GPRS state model
X.121 address SAP
GPRS MS
Gi
GPRS mobility management GPRS session management GPRS network operation modes
NSAPI-1
TLLI
NSAPI-2 IP address SAP
SGSN
GGSN associated with: IP address Gi
External PDN IP
NSAPI: Network Service Access Point Identifier TLLI: Temporary Logical Link Identifier
1MAT | 08.10.02 | 27 GPRS General Packet Radio Services
GPRS Scenarios
INACTIVE
GPRS mobility management GPRS session management GPRS network operation modes
ACTIVE
1MAT | 08.10.02 | 28
GPRS mobility management GPRS session management GPRS network operation modes
MS
SGSN
GGSN
1. Activate PDP Context Request 2. Security Functions 3. Create PDP Context Request - determines PDP Address (if dynamic) - determines external PDN - handles PDP Configuration Options - may restrict QoS
5. Activate PDP 4. Create PDP Context Accept Context Response - TID- PDP Address - NSAPI - QoS negotiated - Radio Priority Level - PDP Configuration Options
- add NSAPI, PDP Address, and GGSN Address into PDP Context - determines Radio Priority Level
1MAT | 08.10.02 | 29
MS
SGSN
HLR
GPRS mobility management GPRS session management GPRS network operation modes
2. Send Routing Info for GPRS 2. Send Routing Info for GPRS Ack 3. PDU Notification Request 3. PDU Notification Response 4. Request PDP Context Activation 5. PDP Context Activation procedure
1MAT | 08.10.02 | 30
MS
SGSN
GGSN
2. Update PDP Context Response 3. Modify PDP Context Request 4. Modify PDP Context Accept
1MAT | 08.10.02 | 31
MS
SGSN
GGSN
1. Deactivate PDP Context Request 2. Security Functions 3. Delete PDP Context Request 3. Delete PDP Context Response 4. Deactivate PDP Context Accept
GPRS mobility management GPRS session management GPRS network operation modes
1MAT | 08.10.02 | 32
GPRS mobility management GPRS session management GPRS network operation modes
Field PDP Context Identifier PDP State PDP Type PDP Address APN Subscribed APN in Use NSAPI TI GGSN Address in Use
VPLMN Address Allowed
APN Requested NSAPI TI QoS Profile Requested QoS Profile Negotiated Radio Priority Send N-PDU Number Receive N-PDU Number
QoS Profile Subscribed QoS Profile Requested QoS Profile Negotiated Radio Priority Send N-PDU Number Receive N-PDU Number SND SNU Charging Id Reordering Required
Field IMSI NSAPI MSISDN PDP Type PDP Address Dynamic Address APN in Use QoS Profile Negotiated SGSN Address MNRG Recovery SND SNU Charging Id Reordering Required
MS
1MAT | 08.10.02 | 33 GPRS General Packet Radio Services
GPRS Scenarios
SGSN
GGSN
GPRS mobility management GPRS session management GPRS network operation modes
circuitswitched
MSC
GMSC
PSTN
VLR Gs interface
SGSN
GGSN
ISDN
BSC
CCU
PCU
packetswitched
BTS
PDN
paging coordination combined GMM/MM procedures Availability of class B MS in Packet Transfer mode
GPRS mobility management GPRS session management GPRS network operation modes
Mode I II III
Circuit Paging Channel Packet Paging Channel CCCH Paging Channel Packet Data Channel CCCH Paging Channel CCCH Paging Channel CCCH Paging Channel
GPRS Paging Channel Packet Paging Channel CCCH Paging Channel Not Applicable CCCH Paging Channel Packet Paging Channel CCCH Paging Channel
1MAT | 08.10.02 | 35
Further questions:
GPRS mobility management GPRS session management GPRS network operation modes
http://www.rohde-schwarz.com or training.munich@rsd.rohde-schwarz.com
1MAT | 08.10.02 | 36