Code No: V3111/R07

Set No: 1

III B.Tech I Semester Regular & Supplementary Examinations, November 2011 ELECTRICAL MACHINES -III (Electrical and Electronics Engineering) Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ***** 1. a) Explain the terms coil span factor and distribution factor in connection with the alternator armature windings and deduce the e.m.f. equation of the alternator incorporating these factors? b) A pair of synchronous machines, on the same shaft, may be used to generate power at 60 Hz from the given source of power at 50 Hz. Determine the minimum number of poles that the individual machines could have for this type of operation and find the shaft-speed in r.p.m. [10+6] 2. a) What is meant by harmonics? What are the various effects of harmonics on generated e.m.f in an alternator? b) A 3-phase, 50 Hz, 6 Pole alternator is having 3 slots per pole per phase with double layer winding of 6 conductors per slot and coil span of 1500. The fundamental flux per pole is 0.1 wb. Calculate r.m.s. value of fundamental induced e.m.f per phase. If the flux density wave in the air gap of this machine is found to be have 20% of third harmonic. Calculate percentage increase in per phase r.m.s. e.m.f due to harmonic. [8+8] 3. a) Explain the slip test method of determining reactances Xd and Xq of salient pole synchronous generator? b) The effective resistance of a 3 phase, Y connected 50 Hz, 2200 V synchronous generator is 0.5 per phase. On short circuit a field current of 40 A gives the full load current of 200 A. An emf (line to line) of 1100 V is produced on open circuit with the same field current. Determine the synchronous impedance. Also compute the power angle and voltage regulation at full load 0.8 lagging p.f. [8+8] 4. A 480-V 40-kVA 0.85 p.f. lagging 50-Hz four-pole -connected generator is driven by a 50-hp diesel engine. If this machine to be paralleled with the normal power supply of the infinite bus, Explain (a) What are the conditions required for paralleling generator with the existing Infinite bus? What is the generators rotational speed after paralleling occurs? (b) If the generator is connected to the power system and is initially floating on the line, sketch the resulting magnetic fields and phasor diagram. (c) The governor setting on the diesel is now increased. Show both by means suitable diagrams and by means of phasor diagrams what happens to the generator? (d) With the diesel generator now supplying real power to the infinite bus, what happens to the generator as its field current is increased and decreased? Show this behavior both with phasor diagrams and with suitable diagrams [4x4] 1 of 2

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Code No: V3111/R07

Set No: 1

5. a) Explain the working of Synchronous motor with different excitations? b) A 208 V Y-connected synchronous motor is drawing 40 A at unity power factor from a 208 V power system. The field current flowing under these conditions is 2.7 A. Its synchronous reactance is 0.8 . Assume a linear open-circuit characteristic. (a) Find the torque angle . (b) How much field current would be required to make the motor operate at 0.8 PF leading? (c) What is the new torque angle in part (b)? [8+8] 6. a) Explain in detail about power circles of synchronous motor? How it can be obtained? b) Discuss the various methods of starting and procedure for starting synchronous motor? [8+8] 7. a) Draw the torque-speed characteristics of a single phase induction motor and explain how it can be obtained b) Describe the constructional features, characteristics and applications of single phase induction motors of split phase type. [8+8] 8. a) With a neat diagram explain the working of a universal motor. Also draw its torque-speed characteristics when it is fed from both ac & dc sources. b) Explain the construction, working and applications of a reluctance motors. [8+8] *****

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Code No: V3111/R07

Set No: 2

III B.Tech I Semester Regular & Supplementary Examinations, November 2011 ELECTRICAL MACHINES -III (Electrical and Electronics Engineering) Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ***** 1. a) Explain the terms Integral and fractional slot types armature windings of an alternator? b) A 3phase alternator has windings distributed in 36 slots around the stator circumference. Each winding is made up of full pitched coils formed from 40 conductors accommodated in each slot. A 4-pole rotor is driven at 25 r.p.s. and the resultant air gap flux is sinusoidally distributed. Total flux per pole is 0.2 wb. Calculate the breadth factor and the voltage generated in each phase. [8+8] 2. a) What are the different causes of harmonics produced on the generated e.m.f of an alternator? Explain them in detail. b) Calculate the r.m.s. value of e.m.f. induced per phase of a 10 pole, 3-, 50Hz, alternator with 2 slots per pole per phase and 4 conductors per slot in two layers. The coil span is 1500 electrical. The ux per pole has a fundamental component of 0.12 wb & a 20% of third harmonic component. [8+8] 3. a) Explain any one of the indirect method of determining voltage regulation? What are its assumptions and requirements? Also give merits and demerits of the method, if any b) The no load excitation of an alternator required to give rated voltage is 1 pu. In a short circuit test with full current flowing in the armature, the field excitation was 0.75pu. Determine the approximate excitation that will be required to give full load current at 0.866 PF lagging at the rated terminal voltage and the corresponding voltage regulation? [8+8] 4. a) What do you mean by the synchronizing? Describe any one method of synchronizing alternator with infinite bus? b) Discuss the phenomenon of sudden 3-phase short circuit at the armature terminals of an alternator. Draw a typical wave shape of the current and mark the different regions and write an expression for the current? [8+8] 5. a) Why the synchronous motor is not self starting? Give the characteristic features of this motor? b) A 2300-V, three phase, 60 Hz, star-connected cylindrical synchronous motor has a synchronous reactance of 11 per phase. When it delivers 200 hp, the efficiency is found to be 90% exclusive of field loss, and the power-angle is 15 electrical degrees as measured by a stroboscope. Neglect ohmic resistance and determine: (a) the induced excitation per phase. (b) the line current (c) the power factor [8+8] 1 of 2

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Code No: V3111/R07

Set No: 2

6. a)Show that the locus of the current phasor of synchronous motor is circle when its developed power is constant and the excitation is varied. b) Explain the phenomenon of hunting in an synchronous motor? How it is remedied. [8+8] 7. a) Explain double field revolving theory of single phase induction motors? b) Describe with the aid of diagram of connection, phasor diagram and torque-slip characteristics, the working of capacitor-start single phase induction motor. [8+8] 8. a) Explain the principle of operation of AC Series motor. Draw its torque-slip characteristics. b) Explain the construction, working and applications of a reluctance motors. *****

[8+8]

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Code No: V3111/R07

Set No: 3

III B.Tech I Semester Regular & Supplementary Examinations, November 2011 ELECTRICAL MACHINES -III (Electrical and Electronics Engineering) Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ***** 1. a) Explain why the distributed winding is most commonly employed though it gives reduced e.m.f. as compared to concentrated winding? b) Define the terms phase band and phase spread? Explain why the phase spread of 600 is preferred in 3-phase a.c. machine? [8+8] 2. a) State the different causes of harmonics produced in an alternator? How they can be reduced? b) Calculate the r.m.s. value of e.m.f. induced per phase of a 10 pole, 3-, 50Hz, alternator with 2 slots per pole per phase and 4 conductors per slot in two layers. The coil span is 1500 electrical. The ux per pole has a fundamental component of 0.12 wb & a 20% of fifth harmonic component. [8+8] 3. a) Explain the procedure for Ampere turn method of predetermining voltage regulation of the alternator? b) A 9 kVA, 208 V, 3-phase, Y-connected, synchronous generator has a winding resistance of 0.1 ohm per phase and a synchronous reactance of 5.6 ohms per phase. Determine the voltage generated (exciting emf) by the machine when it is delivering full-load at 0.8 power-factor lagging at rated voltage. Calculate the voltage regulation for rated load at 0.8 power-factor (leading). [8+8] 4. a) Show that for alternators running in parallel, the division of load between them is governed mainly by the speed load characteristics of their prime movers? b) A 10 MVA, 3-phase alternator has an equivalent short circuit reactance of 20%. Calculate synchronizing power of the armature per mechanical degree of phase displacement when running in parallel with 10000 V, 50 Hz bus bars of 1500 r.p.m. [8+8] 5. a) Explain the operation of synchronous motor and hence discuss how the synchronous motor can function as synchronous condenser? b) The efficiency of a 3-phase 440V, star connected synchronous motor is 94% and it takes 25A at full load and unity power factor. What will be the induced e.m.f. and total mechanical power developed at full load and 0.9 power factor leading? The synchronous impedance per phase is (0.2+j2) . [8+8] 6. a) Draw and explain in detail about the power circles of synchronous motor? b) Explain the methods of starting synchronous motor against light load torques and high torque loads? [8+8] 1 of 2

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Code No: V3111/R07

Set No: 3

7. a) Why the single phase induction motor is not self starting? Explain the method making single phase induction motor self starting? b) Explain the construction and working principle of shaded pole induction motor? [8+8] 8. a) Describe the operation of reluctance motor? State some applications of a these motors. b) Describe the construction of permanent magnet d.c. motor? Compare this motor with conventional d.c. shunt motors? [8+8] *****

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Code No: V3111/R07

Set No: 4

III B.Tech I Semester Regular & Supplementary Examinations, November 2011 ELECTRICAL MACHINES -III (Electrical and Electronics Engineering) Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ***** 1. a) Explain different types of constructions that are employed in synchronous machines? Give the reasons which of them are simple to analyze. b) Calculate the no load phase and line voltages of star connected 3-phase 4 pole Alternator runs at 1500 rpm having the flux per pole of 0.1 wb sinusoidally distributed. Its stator has 48 slots having double layer winding. Each coil has 8 turns and coil is chorded by one slot. [8+8] 2. a) Explain the phenomenon of armature reaction when an alternator is delivering a load current at different power factors. b) Explain the experimental determination of synchronous impedance an synchronous reactance. [8+8] 3. An 11 kV, 1000 kVA, three phase, star connected alternator has resistance of 2 per phase. The open circuit curve and the characteristic with rated full load current at zero power factor are given in the following table. Find the voltage regulation of the alternator for full load current at power factor of 0.8 lagging. [16] Field current, A Line voltage, kV Line Volts zero p.f., kV 40 5.8 0 50 110 7 12.5 1.5 8.5 140 13.75 10.55 180 15 12.5

4. a) Discuss the phenomenon of sudden 3-phase short circuit at the armature terminals of an alternator. Draw a typical wave shape of the current and mark the different regions and write an expression for the current? b) Two exactly similar 3000 kVA synchronous generators operate in parallel. The governor of the first machine is such that the frequency drops uniformly from 50 Hz on load to 48 Hz on full load. The corresponding uniform speed drop of the second machine is 50 Hz to 47.5 Hz. a) How will the two machines share a load of 5000 kW. b) What is the maximum load at unity power factor that can be delivered without overloading either machine? [8+8] 5. a) Draw the phasor diagram of synchronous motor. Explain the effect of change in excitation if the load is constant? b) A 3300V, delta-connected motor has a synchronous reactance per phase (delta) of 18 . It operates at a leading power factor of 0.707 when drawing 800kW from the mains. Calculate its excitation e.m.f. [8+8] 1 of 2

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Code No: V3111/R07

Set No: 4

6. a) Show that the locus of stator current for a constant output of 3phase a synchronous motor connected to a constant voltage, constant frequency bus- bars is circle b) What are the important functions served by the damper winding in a synchronous motor? Explain them in detail? [8+8] 7. a) Explain different methods of making single phase induction motor self starting? b) Describe the construction and principle of operation of capacitor start and run single phase induction motor. [8+8] 8. Write short notes on i. Permanent magnet synchronous motors ii. Reluctance motors. *****

[16]

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