Numbers and Sets

1. Beteimine the value of a if

2 +ai
1 +2i
is a ieal numbei anu finu this ieal numbei.
[4] 99-T
2. Solve the equation 2 log
x
S log
3
x =
S
2
.
[6] 99-S
S. Solve equation _
4x
1 x
= S.
[5] 00-S
4. Show that a
2
+b
2
2ab.
If x + y +z = c, show that x
2
+y
2
+z
2

1
S
c
2
.
[2], [2] 01-T
S. uiven that z
1
= 1 + 2i anu z
2
= S 4i. Expiess
1
z
1
+
1
z
1
2z
2
in the foim a +bi wheie a
anu b aie ieal numbeis.
[3] 01-S
6. Expiess
_
S9 246 in the foim of p2 +qS wheie p anu q aie the integeis.
|7] u2
7. If (x +iy)
2
= i, finu all the ieal values of x anu y.
|6] uS
8. 0sing the law of algebia of sets, show that, foi any sets A anu B,
(A B) (B A) = (A B) (A B)
[6] 04
9. 0sing the law of the algebia of sets, show that
(A B)
i
(A
i
B) = B
i

[4] 05
1u. The complex numbei z
1
anu z
2
satisfy the equation z
2
= 2 2Si
(a)Expiess z
1
anu z
2
in the foim of a +bi, wheie a anu b aie the ieal numbeis.
(b)Repiesent z
1
anu z
2
in an Aiganu uiagiam.
(c)Foi each z
1
anu z
2
, finu the mouulus, anu its aiguments in iauians.
|6], |1], |4]u6

11. If A, B anu C aie abitiaiy sets, show that:
|(A B) (B C)] (A C)
i
=
[4] 06

12. If log
a
[
x
a
2
= Slog
a
2 log
a
(x 2a), expiess x in teims of a.
[6] 07
1S. Simplify
(a)
(7 S)
2
2(7 +S)

(b)
2(1 + Si)
(1 Si)
2
wheie i = 1
[3], [3] 07

14. 0sing uefinitions, show that, foi any sets A, B anu C
A (B C) (A B) (A C)
[5] 08
1S. If z is a complex numbei such that |z| = 1, finu the ieal pait of
1
1 z
.
[6] 08
16. uiven that:
log
a
(Sx 4a) + log
a
Sx =
2
log
2
a
+log
a
(1 2a)
wheie u < a <
1
2
, finu x.
|7] u9





















Polynomials
1. Show that foi all ieal values of x,
x
2
+ x +1
x +1
uoes not lie between S anu 1.
[5] 99-T
2. Equation ax
2
+bx +c = u with a, b anu c as non zeio constants, has ioots anu .
(a)If = , with u, 1, anu equation lx
2
+ mx +n = u, with l, m anu n as a non
zeio constants, has ioots ( +1)
2
anu ( +1)
2
show that
m
2
ln
=
b
2
ac
.
(b)If > anu equations x
2
+ px + q = u, with p anu q as non zeio constants, has ioots

2
+
2
anu
2

2
, expiess p anu q in teims a, b anu c.
[7], [8] 99-T
S. uiven that m anu n aie constants anu the two quauiatic equations Sx
2
+mx + 2 = u anu
x
2
+nx + 4 = u has one common ioot. Show that 2m
2
+Sn
2
7mn + Su = u.
[5] 99-S
4. uiven that x + 2 is a factoi of f(x) = x
3
+ (a +2b)x
2
+(a Sb)x + 8, finu a in teims of b
anu finu q(x)so that f(x) = (x +2)q(x)holus foi all values of b.
Beteimine the values of b so that f(x) = u has at least two uistinct ieal ioots.
Sketch on uiffeient uiagiam, the giaph of y = f(x)when b =
6
S
anu b =
2
S
.
[5], [6], [4] 99-S
S. Function f is uefineu by f(x) =
1
x
, with x R anu x u. Beteimine the set of values of x
such that f(x) > (x 1).
[5] 00-T

6. uiven that x
3
+mx
2
+nx 6 = u is uivisible by x S anu x +2, finu m anu n.
[5] 00-T

7. uiven that the ax
2
+ bx +c = u has ioots anu . Show that:
+ =
b
a
anu =
c
a


(a)If = 2, b = a + c, expiess a in teims of c
(b) Show that c
3
x
2
+(b
3
Sabc)x a
3
= u has ioots
1

3
anu
1

3
.
[4], [5], [6] 00-T
8. Beteimine the values of k so that the quauiatic equation x
2
+ 2kx +Sk S = u has two
uistinct ieal ioots.
[4] 00-S


9. Show that the ieal ioots of ax
2
+ bx +c = u, a u aie given by:
x =
b _ b
2
4ac
2a

Beuuce that if m+ni, with m, n R, is a ioot of this equation, then mni is anothei ioot.
(a)Show that 2 +i is a ioot of f(x) = u wheie f(x) = 2x
3
Sx
2
2x +1S, anu finu its othei
ioots.
(b)Finu a polynomial g(x)so that f(x) xg(x) = 1S 7x. Expiess g(x)in the foim of
p(x q)
2
+ i, with p, q, i R, finu the maximum
1
g(x)
.
[5], [5], [5] 00-S

1u. uiven that anu aie ioots of x
2
+Sx + 1 = u. Finu a quauiatic equation with ioots
+
1

anu +
1

.
[5] 01-T
11. uiven that f(x) = x
3
+px
2
+7x + q, wheie p anu q aie constants. When x = 1,
f
i
(x) = u.
When f(x) is uiviueu by x +1, the iemainuei is 16. Finu the values of p anu q.
(a)Show that f(x) = u only has one ieal ioot. Finu the set of values of x such that f(x) > u.
(b)Expiess
x +9
f(x)
in paitial fiaction.
[4], [6], [5] 01-T
12. Expiess
1 2x
x
2
(1 +2x
2
)
as paitial fiaction.
[5] 01-S
1S. Function f is uefineu by f(x) = x
2n
(p +1)x
2
+ p, wheie n anu p aie positive integeis.
Show that x 1 is a factoi of f(x)foi all values of p.
when p = 4, x 2 is a factoi of f(x). Finu the value of n anu factoiise f(x)completely.
With the value of n you have obtaineu, finu the set of values of p such that
f(x) +2x
2
2 = u has ioots which aie uistinct anu ieal.
[3], [5], [7] 01-S

14. Show that polynomials 2x
3
9x
2
+ Sx +4 has x 1 as factoi.
Bence,
(a)Finu all the ieal ioots of 2x
6
9x
4
+Sx
2
+4 = u
(b)Beteimine the set of values of x so that 2x
3
9x
2
+Sx + 4 < 12 12x.
[2], [5], [6] 02

1S. Show that 1 is the only ieal ioot of the equation x
3
+Sx
2
+Sx + S = u.
[5] 03

16. Finu the set of values of x such that 2 < x
3
2x
2
+x 2 < u.
[7] 03

17. Sketch, on the same cooiuinates axes, the giaphs of y = 2 x anu y = _2 +
1
x
_.
Bence, solve the inequality 2 x > _2 +
1
x
_.
[4], [4] 04

18. Finu all the solution set of the inequality |x 2| <
1
x
, wheie x u.
[7] 05
19. The polynomial p(x) = x
4
+ ax
3
7x
2
4ax +b has a factoi of x +S anu, when uiviueu
by x S, the iemainuei is 6u. Finu the values of a anu b, anu factoiise p(x)completely.
0sing this substitution y =
1
x
, solve the equation 12y
4
8y
3
7y
2
+ 2y +1 = u.
[9], [3] 06

2u. Finu the constants A, B, C anu B such that:
Sx
2
+Sx
(1 x
2
)(1 +x)
2
=
A
1 x
+
B
1 +x
+
C
(1 + x)
2
+
B
(1 + x)
3

[8] 07

21. 0sing the substitution y = x +
1
x
, expiess f(x) = x
3
4x 6
4
x
+
1
x
3
as a polynomial
in y.
Bence, finu all the ieal ioots of the equation f(x) = u.
[3], [10] 07

22. The polynomial p(x) = 2x
3
+4x
2
+
1
2
x k has factoi x +1.
(a) Finu the value of k.
(b) Factoiise p(x) completely.
[2], [4] 08
2S. Finu the solution set of the inequality:
_
4
x 1
_ > S
S
x

[10] 08


24. Beteimine the set of values of x satisfying the inequality:
x
x + 1

1
x +1

[4] 09

2S. Finu all the values of x if y = |S x| anu 4y (x
2
9) = 24.
[9] 09

26. The polynomial p(x) = 6x
4
ax
3
bx
2
+ 28x + 12, wheie a anu b aie ieal constants,
has factois (x +2 )anu (x 2).
(a)Finu the values of a anu b, anu hence, factoiise p(x)completely.
(b)uive that p(x) = (2x S)|q(x) 41 +Sx
3
], finu q(x), anu ueteimine its iange when
x |2,1u].
[7], [8] 09


























Sequences and Series
1. Evaluate
1
1u
2r
.

r=1

Expiess u. 1

as a iational teim in lowest foim.

[2], [2] 99-T
2. Finu the expansion of
(1 + x
2
)
p
(1 x)
q
in ascenuing poweis of x until the teims x
3
.
(a)If p = q =
1
2
, suggest one value of x that enables
_
1S
1u
to be estimateu using the above
expansion. Bence, estimate
_
1S
1u
anu wiite youi answeis accuiate to 4 uecimal places.
(b)If p =
1
S
, anu q lies in the inteival |u,9], finu the laigest possible coefficient of x
3
.
[5], [7], [3] 99-T
S. Expiess (2 1)
5
in the foim of a2 + b, wheie a anu b aie integeis.
[3] 99-S
4. The sum of the fiist 2n teims of a seiies P is 2un 4n
2
. Finu in teims of n, the sum of the
fiist n teims of this seiies. Show that this seiies is an aiithmetic seiies.
Seiies Q is an aiithmetic seiies such that the sum of its fiist n even teims is moie than the sum
of its fiist n ouu teims by 4n. Finu the common uiffeience of the seiies.
If the fiist teim of seiies Q is 1, ueteimine the minimum value of n such that the uiffeience
between the sum of the fiist n teims of seiies P anu the sum of the fiist n teims of seiies Q
is moie than 98u.
[4], [5], [6] 99-S

S. Simplify (1 + 2S)
5
(1 2S)
5
.
[4] 00-T
6. (a) If S
n
uenotes the sum of the fiist n teims of a geometiic seiies S 1 +
1
S
anu
S

uenotes the sum of infinity of this seiies. Finu the smallest n such that:
|S

S
n
| < u.uuu1.
(b)The fiist anu seconu teim in an aiithmetic seiies equal iespectively the fiist anu the seconu
teim in a geometiic seiies. The thiiu teim of the geometiic seiies exceeus the thiiu teim of the
aiithmetic seiies by S. The aiithmetic seiies has a positive common uiffeience anu the sum
of its fiist thiee teims equals S4. Finu the fiist teim of both seiies. Finu also the common uiffeience
of the aiithmetic seiies anu the common iatio of the geometiic seiies.
[7], [8] 00-T
7. uiven that the sum of the fiist n teims of a seiies is nlogpq
n+1
. Show that:
(a)The nth teim of the seiies is logpq
2n

(b)This is an aiithmetic seiies.
[2], [3] 00-S
8. Expanu (1 +x)
1
5
in ascenuing powei of x until the teims in x
3
. By taking x =
1
4u
, finu
the appioximation foi S2.8
1
5
coiiect to foui uecimal places.
If the expansion of
1 + ax
1 +bx
anu (1 + x)
1
5
aie the same until the teims in x
2
, finu the values of
a anu b. Bence, show that S2.8
1
5

2uS
1u1
.
[7], [8] 00-S
9. Expanu (1 +8x)
1
2
in the ascenuing powei of x until the teims in x
3
. By taking x =
1
1uu
,
finu S coiiect to five uecimal places.
[4] 01-T
1u. uiven that S
n
= a +ai + ai
2
+ + ai
n-1
, with a u. Show that S
n
=
a(1 i
n
)
1 i
.
uive the conuition on i such that lim
n
S
n
exists, anu expiess this limit in teims of a anu i.
(a)Beteimine the smallest integei of n such that 1 +
4
S
+_
4
S
]
2
+ +_
4
S
]
n
> 21.
(b)Finu the sum of infinity S
2
(1 x)
2
+ S
3
(1 x)
3
+ + S
r
(1 x)

+ anu ueteimine
the set of values of x such that this sum exists.
[5], [5], [5] 01-T
11. The sum anu the piouuct of thiee consecutive teims of an aiithmetic piogiession aie
S anu 24 iepestively. Beteimine the thiee possible teims of the aiithmetic piogiession.
[5] 01-S
12. Expanu [1
x
n

n
wheie n is a positive integei in ascenuing powei of x until the teims
in x
3
. If the coefficient of x
3
is
1
27
, finu n.
With this value of n, obtain the expansion [1
x
n

n
(1 x)
1
2
in ascenuing poweis of x until
the teims in x
3
.
Bence, by taking x =
1
1u
, finu the appioximation of 1u accuiate to S uecimal places.
[6], [5], [4] 01-S

1S. Beteimine the set of values of x such that the geometiic seiies 1 + e
x
+e
2x
+
conveiges. Finu the exact value of x so that the seiies conveiges to 2.
[6] 02
14. Expiess
1
4k
2
1
as paitial fiaction.
Bence, finu a simple expiession foi S
n
=
1
4k
2
1
n
k=1
anu finu lim
n
S
n
.
[4], [4] 02
1S. Expiess _
1 +x
1 +2x
]
1
2
as a seiies of ascenuing poweis of x up to teims in x
3
.
By taking x =
1
Su
, finu 62 coiiect to foui uecimal places.
[6], [3] 03
16. Expiess 0
r
=
2
i
2
+2i
in paitial fiactions.
0sing the iesults obtaineu,
(a)Show that 0
r
2
=
1
i
+
1
i
2
+
1
i +2
+
1
(i +2)
2

(b)Show that 0
r
n
r=1
=
S
2

1
n +1

1
n + 2
, anu ueteimine its values of 0
r

r=1
anu
_0
r+1
+
1
S
r
]

r=1
.
[3], [2], [9] 03
17. Expanu (1 x)
1
2
in ascenuing poweis of x up to the teims in x
3
. Bence, finu the value of
7 coiiect to five uecimal places.
[5] 04
18. Piove that the sum of the fiist n teims of a geometiic seiies a +ai + ai
2
+ is
a(1 i
n
)
1 i
.
(a)The sum of the fiist five teims of a geometiic seiies is SS anu the sum of the fiist ten teims
of a geometiic seiies is 1u2S. Finu the common iatio anu the fiist teim of the geometiic
seiies.
(b)The sum of the fiist n teims anu the sum to infinity of the geometiic seiies
6 S +
S
2
aie S
n
anu S

iespectively. Beteimine the smallest value of n such that

|S
n
S

| < u.uu1.
[3], [5], [7] 04

19. Foi the geometiic seiies 7 + S.S + 1.7S + u.87S +, finu the smallest value of n foi
which the uiffeience between the sum of fiist n teims anu the sum to infinity is less than
u.u1.
[6] 05
2u. Expiess f(x) =
x
2
x 1
(x +2)(x +S)
in paitial fiactions.
Bence, obtain an expiession of f(x)in ascenuing oiuei of
1
x
up to teim in
1
x
3
.
Beteimine the set of values of x foi which the expansion is valiu.
[5], [6], [2] 05
21. If x is so small that x
2
anu highei poweis of x may be neglecteu, show that:
(1 x)
6
[2 +
x
1u

10
2
9
(2 7x)
[4] 06
22. The nth teim of an aiithmetic piogiession is T
n
. Show that 0
n
=
S
2
(2)
2[
10-1
n
17

is the nth teim of a geometiic piogiession.
If T
n
=
1
2
(17n 14), evaluate 0
n

n=1
.
[4], [4] 06
2S. Expiess the infinite iecuiiing uecimal u.72

(= u.72S2S2S)as a fiaction in its loweist

teims.
[4] 07
24. In the beginning of this year, Mr. Liu and Miss Dora deposited RM10 000 and RM 2 000
respectively in a bank. They receive an interest of 4% per annum. Mr. Liu does not make any
additional deposit nor withdrawal, whereas, Miss Dora continues to deposit RM 2 000 at the
beginning of each of the subsequent years without any withdrawal.
(a) Calculate the total saving of Mr. Liu at the end of nth year.
(b) Calculate the total saving of Miss Dora at the end of nth year.
(c) Determine in which year the total saving of Miss Dora exceeds the total saving of Mr. Liu.
[3], [7], [5] 08
2S. Foi the geometiic seiies 6 + S +
S
2
+, obtain the smallest value of n if the uiffeience
between the sum of the fiist n +4 teims anu the sum of fiist n teims is less than
4S
64
.
[6] 09







Matrices
1. If A = [
1 4
2 1
, B = [
u 1
S 2
anu C = [
S 4
21 19
, finu matiix X such that AXB = C.
[5] 99-S
2. (a)uiven
N = _
2 S 1
1 u 4
1 1 1
_
Show that N
3
SN
2
+ 8N24I = u. Beuuce N
-1
.
(b)uiven matiices:
A = _
1 2 S
S 2 1
S 1 2
_ anu B = _
S 1 7
1 7 S
7 S 1
_
Finu AB. Bence solve the simulteneous equation:
Sx +y +7z = 8
x + 7y Sz = 16
7x Sy +z = 14
[7], [8] 99-S
S. uiven:
P = _
1 1 2
1 2 1
2 1 1
_
(a)Finu R such that R = P
2
4P I.
(b)Show that PR +4I = .
[3], [2] 00-S
4. If N = _
4 2 2
S 4 S
2 4 2
_ anu N = _
2 2 1
u 2 S
2 6 S
_, finu NN anu NN.
Bence, finu N
-1
.

During the school holidays, a supermarket offers three sales packages A,B and C for shirts, long
pants and shoes with brand name Tampan. The number of each item and the offer price for each
package are shown in the following table.
Sales Packages Number of shirts Number of long
pants (pairs)
Number of shoes
(pairs)
Offer price (RM)
A 4 2 2 190
B 3 4 3 295
C 2 4 2 250

By representing the prices of a shirt, a pair of long pants and a pair of shoes as x, y and z
respectively, obtain a matrix equation representing the information above.
Solve the matrix equation you have obtained to determine the price of each item.
[6], [3], [6] 00-S
S. If A = [
1 2
S 4
, B = [
1 2
1 S
, finu C so that A = BCB
-1
.
[3] 01-S
6. Natiices A anu B aie given as:
A = _
S 2 u
1 1 1
4 u 1
_ anu B = _
1 2 2
S S S
4 8 1
_
Finu AB anu ueuuce A
-1
.

In conjunction with the XXI SEA Games which was held in Kuala Lumpur, Syarikat
Wawasan sold three types of souvenirs, that is key chain, calculator and pen. The company
ordered its supply of souvenirs in two types of packets. The cost of a packet which consists of
three key chains and two calculators is RM45, whereas cost of a packet which consists of a key
chain, a calculator, and a pen is RM40. The cost of a pen is four times the cost of a key chain. f
the cost of a key chain, a calculator and a pen are RMx, RMy and RMz respectively, obtain a
matrix equation to represent the above information. Determine the cost of each type of souvenir
supplied to the company.

The selling price of each packet of souvenirs is fixed at RM80. If the profit from the sale
of a pen is RM25, find the profit obtained from the sale of a key chain and the sale of a calculator.
[4], [7], [4] 01-S
7. Beteimine the values of a, b anu c so that the matiix:
_
2b 1 a
2
b
2
2a 1 a bc
b b +c 2c 1
_
is a symmetiical matiix.
[5] 02
8. Natiices N anu N aie given as:
N = _
1u 4 9
1S 4 14
S 1 6
_ anu N = _
2 S 4
4 S 1
1 2 4
_
Finu NN anu ueuuce N
-1
.

Product X, Y and Z are assembled from three components A, B and C according to different
proportions. Each product of X consists of two components of A, four components of B and one
component of C; Each product of Y consists of three components of A, three components of B
and two components of C; and each product of Z consists of four components of A, one
component of B and four components of C. A total of 750 components of A, 1000 components
of B, and 500 components of C are used. With x, y and z representing the number of products of
X, Y and Z assembled, obtain a matrix equation representing the information given.

Hence, find the number of products X, Y and Z assembled.
[4], [4], [4] 02
9. Natiix A is given by:
A = _
1 2 S
S 1 1
u 1 2
_
(a)Finu the matiix B such that B = A
2
1uI, wheie I is S S matiix.
(b)Finu (A + I)B, anu hence finu (A +I)
21
B.
[3], [6] 03
1u. Natiix A is given by:
A = _
S S 4
S 4 1
1 2 S
_
Finu the aujoint of A. Bence, finu A
-1
.
[6] 04
11. The matiices P anu Q, wheie PQ = QP, aie given by:
P = _
2 2 u
u u 2
a b c
_ anu Q = _
1 1 u
u u 1
u 2 2
_
Beteimine the values of a, b anu c.
Finu the ieal numbeis m anu n foi which P = mQ + nI, wheie I is the S S iuentity matiix.
[5], [5] 04
12. A, B anu C aie squaie matiices such that BA = B
-1
anu ABC = (AB)
-1
. Show that
A
-1
= B
2
= C.
If B = _
1 2 u
u 1 u
1 u 1
_, finu C anu A.
[3], [7] 05
1S. Beteimine the value of k such that the ueteiminant of the matiix _
k 1 S
2k +1 S 2
u k 2
_ is u.
[4] 06
14. If P = _
S 2 S
1 4 S
S 1 2
_ anu Q = _
a 1 18
b 1 12
1S 1 c
_ anu PQ = 2I, wheie I is S S iuentity
matiix, ueteimine the values of a, b anu c. Bence finu P
-1
.
Two groups of workers have their drinks at a stall. The first group comprising ten
workers has five cups of tea, two cups of coffee and three glasses of fruit juice at a total cost of
RM 11.80. The second group of six workers has three cups of tea, a cup of coffee and two
glasses of fruit juice at a total cost of RM7.10. The cost of a cup of tea and three glasses of fruit
juice is the same as the cost of four cups of coffee. If the costs of a cup of tea, a cup of coffee and
a glass of fruit juice are RMx, RMy and RMz respectively, obtain a matrix equation to represent
above information. Hence, determine the cost of each drink.
[8], [6] 06
1S. The matiices A anu B aie given by:
A = _
1 2 1
S 1 4
u 1 2
_ anu B = _
SS 19 18
27 1S 4S
S 12 S
_
Finu the matiix A
2
B anu ueuuce the inveise of A.
Bence, solve the system of lineai equations:
x 2y z = 8
Sx y 4z = 1S
y + 2z = 4
[5], [5] 07
16. Natiix A is given by:
A = _
1 u u
1 1 u
1 2 1
_
(a)Show that A
2
= I, wheie I is S S iuentity matiix, anu ueuuce A
-1
.
(b)Finu matiix B which satisfies BA = _
1 4 S
u 2 1
1 u 2
_.
[4], [4] 08
17. (a)The matiices P, Q anu R aie given by:
P = _
1 S 6
2 2 4
1 S 2
_ Q = _
1S Su SS
1 6 S
7 2u 1S
_ R = _
4 7 1S
1 S 1
2 1 11
_
Finu the matiices PQ anu PQR, anu hence ueuuce (PQ)
-1
.
(b)0sing the iesult in (a), solve the system of lineai equations:
6x + 1uy + 8z = 4Suu
x 2y +z = u
x + 2y + Sz = 1u8u
[5], [5] 09













Coordinate Geometry
1. Sketch the giaph of 1uux + S6y = 22S. Finu the aiea of quauiilateial foimeu by joining
the points of inteisection of this cuive with the cooiuinate axis.
[4] 99-T
2. Show that the point P_
a(t + 1)
2t
,
b(t 1)
2t
_lies on the cuive b
2
x
2
a
2
y
2
= a
2
b
2
.
Show that the equation of tangent to cuive at P is bx(t
2
+ 1) ay(t
2
1) = 2abt.
This tangent cuts the x axis at A anu axis at B. N is the miupoint of 0A anu 0 uenotes
oiigin, anu B uiviues BN in the iatio of 2: 1. Finu the locus of B wheie t vaiies.
[3], [4], [8] 99-T
S. Finu the equations of both stiaight lines that aie inclineu at an angle of 4S with the
stiaight line 2x + y S = u anu passing thiough the point (1,4).
[5] 00-T

4. uiven two paiallel lines, l
1
anu l
2
, passing thiough (S,u)anu(S,u)iespectively, anu meet the
line 4x + Sy = 2S iespectively at P anu Q. If PQ equals S units, finu the possible slopes of
l
1
anu l
2
.
[7] 01-T

S. Finu the equation of the tangent to the cuive xy = 4 at point P(4,1).
Point A is a point on the x axis such that PA is paiallel to the y axis. tangent to the
cuive xy = 4 at P meets the y axis at point B. The stiaight line passing thiough B anu
paiallel to the x axis meets the cuive at point Q. Finu the cooiuinates of Q anu show that
AQ is a tangent to the cuive at Q.
Finu the cooiuinates of the point of inteisection of the tangents to the cuive xy = 4 at P anu
Q.
[4], [7], [4] 01-T
6. uiven that PQRS is a paiallelogiam wheie P(u,9), Q(2, S), R(7,u)anu S(a, b)aie points on
the plane. Finu a anu b.
Finu the shoitest uistance fiom P to QR anu the aiea of the paiallelogiam PQRS.
[4], [6] 02
7. the stiaight line l
1
which passes thiough the points A(4,u)anu B(2,4)inteisects the
y axis at the point P. the stiaight line l
2
is peipenuiculai to l
1
anu passes thiough B. If
l
2
inteisects the x axis anu y axis at the points Q anu R iespectively, show that
PR: QR = S S.
[8] 03
8. The sum of the uistance of the point P fiom the point (4,u)anu the uistance of P fiom the oiigin
is 8 units. Show that the locus of P is ellipse
(x 2)
2
16
+
y
2
12
= 1 anu sketch the ellipse.
[7] 04

9. A cuive is uefineu by the paiametiic equation x = 1 2t, y = 2 +
2
t
. Finu the equation
of the noimal to the cuive at the point A(S, 4).
The noimal to the cuive at the point A cuts the cuive again at the point B. Finu the cooiuinates
of B.
[7], [4] 04
1u. Finu the peipenuiculai uistance fiom the centie of the ciicle x
2
+y
2
8x +2y + 8 = u
to the stiaight line Sx + 4y = 28. Bence, finu the shoitest uistance between the ciicle anu
the stiaight line.
[7] 05
11. Show that x
2
+y
2
2ax 2by + c = u is the equation of the ciicle with centie (a, b)
anu iauius a
2
+b
2
c.











The above uiagiam shows thiee ciicles C
1
, C
2
anu C
3
touching one anothei, wheie theii
centies lie on a stiaight line. If C
1
anu C
2
have equations x
2
+ y
2
1ux 4y + 28 = u anu
x
2
+y
2
16x + 4y +S2 = u iespectively, finu the equation of C
3
.
[7] 06
12. The cooiuinates of the points P anu Q aie(x, y)anu _
x
x
2
+ y
2
,
y
x
2
+ y
2
] iespectively, wheie
x u, y u. If Q moves on a ciicle with centie (1,1)anu iauius S, show that the locus of P is
also a ciicle. Finu the cooiuinates of the centie anu iauius of the ciicle.
[6] 07
1S. The lines y = 2x anu y = x inteisect the cuive y
2
+ 7xy = 18 at points A anu B
iespectively, wheie A anu B lie in the fiist quauiant.
(a)Finu the cooiuinates of A anu B.
(b)Calculate the peipenuiculai uistance of A to 0B, wheie 0 is the oiigin.
(c)Finu the aiea of 0AB.
[4], [2], [3] 08


14. The paiametiic equations of a stiaight line l aie given by x = 4t 2 anu y = S St.
(a)Show that the point A_1,
S
4
]lies on line l.
(b)Finu the caitesian equation of line l.
(c)uiven line l cuts the x anu y axes at P anu Q iespectively, finu the iatio PA: AQ.
[2], [2], [4] 09




































Functions
1. Sketch the giaph of y = |1 2x|, x R anu the giaph of y = x, x u on the same
cooiuinate system.
Solve the inequality |1 2x| < x.
[3], [4] 99-T
2. The function f is uefineu as follows:
f: x 4 + (x 1)
2
, x R
(a)Sketch the giaph of f.
(b)State the iange of f.
(c)Beteimine if f
-1
exists.
[2], [1], [2] 99-S
S. uiven that f(x) = log
2
(1S 2x x
2
), finu the iange of x so that f(x)is uefineu.
Finu the maximum of 1S 2x x
2
anu hence ueuuce the maximum value of f(x).
[3], [4] 00-T
4. The function f is uefineu as follows:
f: x
Sx +2
x S
, x S
(a)Finu f
2
anu hence ueuuce f
-1
.
(b)Finu f
13
(2).
[3], [3] 00-S
S. Function f is uefineu by:
f(x) = _
(x 1)
2
, x 1
1
a
x
, x > 1

If f is continuous at x = 1, ueteimine the value of a anu sketch the giaph of f.
[5] 01-T
6. Expiess the function f: x _
1
2
x 1_ +_
1
2
x + 1_ , x R in the foim that uoes not involve
the mouulus sign. Sketch the giaph of f anu ueteimine its iange.
[7] 01-S
7. The function f is uefineu by:
f: x Sx +1, x R, x
1
S

Finu f
-1
anu state its uomain anu iange.
[4] 02
8. The function f is uefineu by:
f(x) = _
1 + e
x
, x < 1
S, x = 1
2 + e x, x > 1

(a)Finu lim
x1
-
f(x) anu lim
x1
+
f(x) . Bence ueteimine whethei f is continuous at x = 1.
(b)Sketch the giaph of f.
[4], [3] 03
9. The function f is uefineu by:
f(x) = _
x 1
x +2
, u x < 2
ax
2
1, x 2

wheie a R. Finu the value of a if lim
x2
f(x) exists. With this value of a, ueteimine whethei f
is continuous at x = 2.
[6] 04
1u. The function f anu g aie given by:
f: x
e
x
e
-x
e
x
+e
-x
anu g: x
2
e
x
+ e
-x

(a)State the uomain of f anu g.
(b)Without using uiffeientiation, finu the iange of f.
(c)Show that |f(x)]
2
+ |g(x)]
2
= 1. Bence, finu the iange of g.
[1], [4], [6] 05
11. Function f, g anu h aie uefineu by:
f: x
x
x + 1
, g: x
x +2
2
, h: x S +
2
x

(a)State the uomain of f anu g.
(b)Finu the composite function g f anu state its uomain anu iange.
(c)State the uomain anu iange of h.
(u)State whethei h = g f . uive a ieason foi youi answei.
[2], [5], [2], [2] 06
12. The function f is uefineu by:
f(x) = _
x 1, 1 x < 1
|x| 1, otheiwise

(a)Finu lim
x-1
-
f(x) , lim
x-1
+
f(x) , lim
x1
-
f(x) anu lim
x1
+
f(x)
(b)Beteimine whethei f is continuous at x = 1 anu x = 1.
[4], [4] 07
1S. The function f anu g aie uefineu by:
f: x
1
x
, x R\{u]
g: x 2x 1, x R
Finu f g anu its uomain.
[4] 08
14. uiven x > u, onJ (x) = x, finu lim
h0
f(x) f(x + h)
h
.
[4] 09


Differentiation
1. If x = sin
3
2 anu y = cos
3
2, finu
uy
ux
in teims of .
[6] 99-T
2. If y = (2e
x
6x +S)
1
2
, show that:
y
u
2
y
ux
2
+_
uy
ux
]
2
= e
x

[4] 99-S
S. A composite solid consists of a cuboid and a semicylindrical top with a common face ABCD.
The breadth and length of the cuboid is x cm anu 2x cm respectively and its height is y cm.
Given that the total surface area of this solid is 24uucm
2
. Show that:
y =
1
24x
|96uu (8 + S)x
2
]
If the volume of this soliu is v cm
3
, expiess v in teims of x. Bence, show that v attains its
maximum when x =
4u
4 +
.
Find this maximum value.
[3], [9], [3] 99-S
4. Finu the giauient of the cuive 2x
2
+ y
2
+2xy = S at the point (2, 1).
[3] 00-T
S. The equation of a cuive is:
y =
x
2
x
2
Sx + 2

Finu the asymptotes anu the stationaiy points of the cuive.
Sketch the cuive.
Beteimine the numbei of ieal ioots of the equation:
k(x 1)
2
(x 2) = x
2

wheie k > u.
[8], [4], [3] 00-T
6. Finu
uy
ux
in teims of x if x = e
t
abu y = e
t
.
[4] 00-S
7. The equation of a cuive is y =
e
2kx
1
e
2kx
+1
wheie k is a positive constant.
(a)Show that
uy
ux
> u or oll :olucs o x.
(b)Show that
uy
ux
+kx
2
= k. Bence, show that
u
2
y
ux
2
u foi x u anu
u
2
y
ux
2
u foi x u.
(c)Sketch the cuive.
[3], [8], [4] 00-S
8. uiven that y =
sin kx
1 + cos kx
, wheie k is a positive integei. Show that:
(sinkx)
u
2
y
ux
2
= k
2
y
2

[4] 01-T
9. The giaph y = x
3
+ ax
2
+ bx + c passes thiough (S, 21)anu has stationaiy points when
x = 2 anu x = 2. Finu a, b anu c.
Finu the cooiuinates of these stationaiy points anu ueteimine if they aie local extiemums.
Finu also the point of inflexion of the cuive.
Beteimine the set of values of x so that
uy
ux
< u.
[5], [7], [3] 01-T
1u. A cuive has paiametiic equations x = e
2t
2t anu y = e
t
+ t. Finu the giauient of the
cuive at the point with t = ln2.
[5] 01-S
11. A cuive with equation y = x
3
+ px
2
+qx +i cuts the y axis at y = S4 anu has
stationaiy points at x = S anu x = S. Finu the values of p, q anu i.
Show that the cuive cuts the x axis only at x = 1, anu finu the giauient of the cuive at that
point.
Sketch the cuive.
[6], [7], [2] 01-S
12. uiven that y = e
-x
cos x , finu
uy
ux
anu
u
2
y
ux
2
when x = u.
[4] 02


1S. Function f is uefineu by:
f(x) =
2x
(x + 1)(x 2)

Show that f
i
(x) < u foi all values of x in the uomain of f.
Sketch the giaph of y = f(x). Beteimine if f is a one to one function. uive ieason to youi
answei.
Sketch the giaph y = |f(x)|. Explain how the numbei of ioots of the equation
|f(x)| = k(x 2)uepenus on k.
[5], [6], [4] 02
14. If y = lnxy , finu the value of
uy
ux
when y = 1.
[5] 03
1S. Sketch, on the same cooiuinate axes, the giaphs y = e
x
anu y =
2
1 + x
. Show that the
equation (1 +x)e
x
2 = u has a ioot in the inteival |u,1].
0se the Newton Raphson methou with the initial estimate x
0
= u.S to estimate the ioot
coiiect to thiee uecimal places.
[7], [6] 03
16. 0sing the sketch giaphs of y = x
3
anu x +y = 1, show that the equation x
3
+ x 1 = u
has only one ieal ioot anu state the sucessive integeis a anu b such that the ieal ioot lies in
the inteival (a, b).
0se the Newton Raphson methou to finu the ieal ioot coiiect to thiee uecimal places.
[4], [5] 04
17. If y =
cos x
x
, wheie x u, show that x
u
2
y
ux
2
+ 2
uy
ux
+xy = u.
[4] 05
18. Finu the cooiuinates of the stationaiy point on the cuive y = x
2
+
1
x
, wheie x > u;
give the x cooiuinate anu y cooiuinate coiiect to thiee uecimal places. Beteimine
whethei the stationaiy point is a minimum point oi maximum point.
The x cooiuinate of the point of inteisection of thei cuives y = x
2
+
1
x
anu y =
1
x
2
,
wheie x > u, is p. Sow tot u.S < p < 1.
0se the Newton Raphson methou to ueteiminethe value of p coiiect to thiee uecimal places
anu hence, finu the point of inteisection.
[5], [9] 05
19. If y = x ln (x + 1), finu an appioximation foi the inciease in y when x incieases by x.
Bence, estimate the value of ln2.u1 given that ln2 = u.69S1.
[6] 06
2u. The function f is uefineu by f(t) =
4e
kt
1
4e
kt
+1
, wheie k is a positive constant.
(a)Finu the value of f(u).
(b)Show that f
i
(t) > u.
(c) Show that k{1 |f(t)]
2
] = 2f
i
(t)anu hence, show that f
ii
(t) < u.
(u)Finu lim
t
f(t).
(e)Sketch the giaph of f.
[1], [5], [6], [2], [2] 06
21. If y =
x
1 + x
2
, show that x
2
uy
ux
= (1 x
2
)y
2

[4] 07
22. Finu the cooiuinates of the stationaiy points on the cuive y =
x
3
x
2
1
anu ueteimine
theii natuie.
Sketch the cuive.
Beteimine the numbei of ieal ioots of the equation x
3
= k(x
2
1), wheie k R, when k
varies.
[10], [4], [3] 07
2S. If y =
sinx cos x
sinx +cos x
, show that
u
2
y
ux
2
= 2y
uy
ux
.
[6] 08
24. Show that the giauient of the cuive y =
x
x
2
1
is always uecieasing.
Beteimine the cooiuinates of the point of inflexion of the cuive , anu state the inteivals which
foi cuive is concave upwaiu.
Sketch the cuive.
[3], [5], [3] 08
1S. The line y +x + S = u is a tangent to the cuive y = px
2
+ qx, wheie p u at the point
x = 1. Finu the values of p anu q.
[6] 09
16. A cuive is uefineu by the paiametiic equations:
x = t
2
t
anu y = 2t +
1
t

wheie t u.
(a)Show that
uy
ux
= 2
S
t
2
+ 2
anu hence,
1
2
<
uy
ux
< 2.
(b)Finu the cooiuinates of points when
uy
ux
=
1
S
.
[8], [3] 09



















Integration
1. Show that: _
x
2
(x 1)
3
ux
3
2
=
11
8
+lnx.
[6] 99-T
2. Function f is uefineu by:
f(x) = _
x(x ), u x < 2n

2
sin(x ),2 x S

(a) Sketch the giaph of f.
(b) Finu the iange of f.
(c)Beteimine whethei f is a one to one function. uive ieasons foi youi answei.
(u)Finu the aiea of the iegion bounueu by giaph f anu the x axis.
[4], [3], [2], [6] 99-T
S. If f(x) =
x
2
2x S
, finu f
i
(x). Bence, evaluate:
_
x(x S)
2x S
ux
2
1

[5] 99-S
4. Sketch the cuive y = x(x S)(x + 2)
If A
1
anu A
2
iespectively uenote the aiea of the iegions bounueu by the cuive anu the
x axis above anu below x axis, finu A
1
: A
2
.
[5] 00-T
S. Sketch the giaphs y = 4, y = 8x
2
anu y =
1
x
.
Calculate the volume of the soliu of ievolution when the iegion bounueu by the above giaphs
is iotateu thiough S6u about y axis.
[5] 00-S
6. The function f is uefineu by:
f(x) = _
2 |x 1|, x < S
x
2
9x +18, x S

(a)Sketch the giaph of f.
(b)Evaluate _ f(x)ux
6
0

(c)Beteimine the set of values of x such that f(x) > 1
x
6
.
[5], [5], [5] 00-S
7. A cuive has equation y
2
= x
2
(4 x
2
).
Show that foi any point (x, y)lying on the cuive, then 2 x 2 anu 2 y 2.
Sketch the cuive.
Calculate the aiea of the iegion bounueu by the cuive.
Calculate the volume of soliu of ievolution when the iegion bounueu by this cuive anu
y = x in the fiist quauiant is iotateu thiough S6u about the x axis.
[3], [3], [4], [5] 01-T
8. Finu the value of _
x
(Sx
2
+ 1)
1
2
ux
4
0
.
[6] 01-S
9. Sketch on the same cooiuinate system the cuive y =
4
x
, anu y
2
= 4(x 1). Finu the
cooiuinates of the point of inteisection of the two cuives.
Show that the aiea of the iegion bounueu by y =
4
x
, y
2
= 4(x 1)anu y = 4 is
_
2u
S
4 ln2].
Calculate the volume of the soliu of ievolution when the iegion is iotateu thiough S6u about
y axis.
[6], [4], [5] 01-S
1u. By using suitable substitution, finu _
Sx 1
x + 1
ux.
[5] 02
11. Finu the point of inteisection of the cuives y = x
2
+ Sx anu y = 2x
3
x
2
Sx. Sketch
on the same cooiuinate system these two cuives.
Calculate the aiea of the iegion bounueu by the cuive y = x
2
+ Sx anu y = 2x
3
x
2
Sx.
[5], [6] 02
12. 0sing the substitution u = S + 2 sin , evaluate _
cos
(S + 2 sin)
2
u

6
0

[5] 03
1S. The cuive y =
a
2
x(b x), wheie a u, has a tuining point at the point (2,1). Beteimine
the values of a anu b.
Calculate the aiea of the iegion bounueu by the x axis anu the cuive.
Calculate the volume of the soliu foimeu by ievolving the iegion about the x axis.
[4], [4], [4] 03
14. Show that _ lnx ux
c
1
= 1.
[4] 04
1S. Sketch, on the same cooiuinate axes, the line y =
1
2
x anu the cuive y
2
= x. Finu the
cooiuinates of the point of inteisection.
Finu the aiea of the iegion bounueu by the line y =
1
2
x anu the cuive y
2
= x.
Finu the volume of the soliu foimeu when the iegion is iotateu thiough 2 iauians about the
y axis.
[5], [4], [4] 04
16. Sketch, on the same cooiuinate axes, the cuives y = e
x
anu y = 2 + Se
-x
.
Calculate the aiea of the iegion bounueu by the y axis anu the cuives.
[2], [6] 05
17. 0sing tiapezium iule, with five oiuinates, evaluate _ 4 x
2
ux.
1
0

[4] 06
18. Expiess
2x +1
(x
2
+1)(2 x)
in the foim
Ax +B
x
2
+ 1
+
C
2 x
, wheie A, B anu C aie constants.
Bence, evaluate _
2x +1
(x
2
+1)(2 x)
ux
1
0
.
[3], [4] 06
19. Finu (a) _
x
2
+ x +2
x
2
+2
ux (b) _
x
e
x+1
ux
[3], [4] 07
2u. The giauient of the tanget to a cuive at any point(x, y)is given by
uy
ux
=
Sx S
2x
,
wheie x > u. I tc cur:c posscs troug tc point(1, 4),
(a)Finu the equation of the cuive.
(b)sketch the cuive.
(c)Calculate the aiea of the iegion bounueu by the cuive anu x axis.
[4], [2], [5] 07
21. Show that _
(x 2)
2
x
2
ux
3
2
=
S
S
+ 4 ln_
2
S
].
[4] 08
22. Sketch, on the same cooiuinate axes, the cuives y = 6 e
x
anu y = Se
-x
, anu finu the
cooiuinates of the point of inteisection.
Calculate the aiea of the iegion bounueu by the cuives.
Calculate the volume of soliu foimeu when the iegion is iotateu thiough 2 iauians about
the x axis.
[7], [4], [5] 08
2S. 0sing an appiopiiate substitution, evaluate _ x
2
(x 1)
1
3
ux
1
0
.
[7] 09
24. uiven a cuive y = x
2
4 anu a stiaight line y = x 2,
(a)Sketch, on the same cooiuinate axes, the cuive anu the stiaight line.
(b)Beteimine the cooiuinate of theii point of inteisection.
(c)Calculate the aiea of the iegion R bounueu by the cuive anu the stiaight line.
(u)Finu the volume of the soliu foimeu when R is iotateu thiough S6u about x axis.
[2], [2], [4], [5] 09