Exercise Solutions: Product and Quotient Rule

By: Andrew Kerr Available at www.engineeringcorps.org

Product Rule
If: h(x) = f (x)g(x) Then: h (x) = f (x)g(x) + f (x)g (x)

Quotient Rule
If: h(x) = Then: h (x) =
f (x) g(x) f (x)g(x)f (x)g (x) [g(x)]2

Answers
d sin(x) 1. dx cos(x) = sec2 (x) d 2. dx ex x = ex (x + 1) d 3. dx (x
2 +5x+9)9x3

ex

9x5 +99x3 +243x2 ex

d 4. dx (8x2 9)2 (9x+7)3 = 32x(8x2 9)(9x+7)3 +27(8x2 9)(9x+7)2 d 5. dx x3 tan(x) = 3x2 tan(x) + x3 sec2 (x) d e 6. dx ex e x =
x

2 e2 xe 2x

d 7. dx cos2 (x) sin2 (x) = 2 sin3 (x) + 2 cos3 (x) 3 d 3 1 8. dx 9 x3 x2 = 9( 2 x 3 + 2 x) 3

9. dd2 x (x2 + 5x + 9)(2x + 8) = 12x + 36

20x 10. dd2 x ln(x) =
2

20(2ln(x) x(ln(x))3

Solutions

d sin(x) 1. dx cos(x) = sec2 (x)

To nd the derivative of this function, we use quotient rule and get: cos(x) cos(x) + sin(x) sin(x) cos2 (x)

f (x) =

Using our trig identity cos2 (x) + sin2 (x) = 1, we know that the numerator is equal to 1 leaving us with
1 cos2 (x)

which is just sec2 (x).

d 2. dx ex x = ex (x + 1)

Using product rule, we get: f (x) = ex x + ex . Factoring an ex out, we get f (x) = ex (x + 1), which is our answer.

d 3. dx (x

2 +5x+9)9x3

ex

9x5 +99x3 +243x2 ex

The rst thing we should do to simply this problem is to distribute the 9x3 on top. Doing this, we get: 9x5 + 45x4 + 81x3 ex

f (x) =

Now we can easily use quotient rule: (45x4 + 180x3 + 243x2 )ex (9x5 + 45x4 + 81x3 )ex e2 x

f (x) =

We can factor out an ex on top and combine terms: ex (9x5 + 99x3 + 243x2 ) e2 x

f (x) =

We can easily see that an ex will cancel giving us: 9x5 + 99x3 + 243x2 ex

f (x) =

d 4. dx (8x2 9)2 (9x+7)3 = 32x(8x2 9)(9x+7)3 +27(8x2 9)(9x+7)2

With this function, we use both product and chain rule to get:

f (x) = 2(8x2 9)(16x)(9x + 7)3 + 3(8x2 9)2 (9x + 7)2 (9)

Simplifying:

f (x) = 32x(8x2 9)(9x + 7)3 + 27(8x2 9)(9x + 7)2

d 5. dx x3 tan(x) = 3x2 tan(x) + x3 sec2 (x)

Using product rule we get:

f (x) = 3x2 tan(x) + x3 sec2 (x)

d e 6. dx ex e x =

2 e2 xe 2x

To solve this one, we use quotient rule: ex (ex e x) ex (ex + e x) (ex e x)2

f (x) =

Distributing and expanding: (e2 x 1) (e2 x + 1) e2 x e 2x 3

f (x) =

Simplifying: f (x) = e2 x 2 e 2x

7. limx 6x4 3x2 15x =

To nd this derivative, we use product rule and chain rule to nd the following equation:

f (x) = 2 sin(x) sin2 (x) + cos2 (x)2 cos(x)

Simplifying: f (x) = 2 sin3 (x) + 2 cos3 (x)

8. limx

8x3 +9x2 +2 9x3 +6

8 9

To make this a bit easier, lets turn both terms into exponents:
3 2

f (x) = 9(x 2 x 3 )

Now we can clearly see that well be using both the power rule and the product rule:
1 3 2 3 1 2 f (x) = 9( x 2 x 3 + x 2 x 3 ) 2 3

Simplifying by combining the exponents: 3 1 2 f (x) = 9( x 3 + x) 2 3

9. dd2 x (x2 + 5x + 9)(2x + 8) = 12x + 36

4

When we use product rule, we get:

f (x) = (2x + 5)(2x + 8) + (x2 + 5x + 9)2

Distribute the 2 and foil the rst term:

f (x) = 4x2 + 26x + 40 + 2x2 + 10x + 18

Simplifying: f (x) = 6x2 + 36x + 58 Now, since the question is asking for the second derivative, we take the derivative again: f (x) = 12x + 36

d 20x 10. dx ln(x) =

20(2ln(x) x(ln(x))3

Again, this question is asking for the second derivative, so we start with taking the rst derivative: 20 ln(x) 20x x (ln(x))2

f (x) =

Simplifying: f (x) = 20 ln(x) 20 (ln(x))2

Now, lets take the second derivative:

20 2 x (ln(x))

f (x) =

(20 ln(x) 20) 2 ln(x) x (ln(x))4

Well, thats a bit messy. Lets combine the numerator:

20(ln(x))2 40(ln(x))2 +40 ln(x) x (ln(x))4

f (x) =

Ah! Now we can combine some terms, combine both denominators and pull out a 20 ln(x): f (x) = 20 ln(x)(2 ln(x) x(ln(x))4

Our last step to simplifying is to cancel: 20(2 ln(x) x(ln(x))3

f (x) =