Institute for Transport Studies

FACULTY OF ENVIRONMENT

Gender Mainstreaming in the Transport sector where next for the ADB?
Jeff Turner, Consultant & Visiting Lecturer, Institute for Transport Studies, University of Leeds, UK jeffreymturner@hotmail.com ADB HQ, Manila, 21st May, 2012
The views expressed in this paper are the views of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Asian Development Bank ADB), or its Board of Governors, or the governments they represent. ADB does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this paper and accepts no responsibility for any consequence of their use. The countries listed in this paper do not imply any view on ADB's part as to sovereignty or independent status or necessarily conform to ADB's terminology.

Overview
About myself Progress in mainstreaming gender in the sector Lessons from research

New developments
Questions about future directions

Jeff Turner
Trained as economist Over 20 years experience of transport research in developing countries (Asia and Africa) Specialised in transport and social development (e.g. Poverty, gender and equity) Worked for UKs Transport Research Laboratory (TRL), Universities and as Independent Consultant Contributed to the limited published literature on gender & transport

Progress in mainstreaming gender in transport

Significant progress made in in last 15 years. Corporate policies have installed gender in project approval process Progress made in developing knowledge products

Lessons from research

In 2002, evaluation of gender incorporation into transport projects for World Bank Covered 12 projects across 10 countries including
China, Bangladesh, Cambodia and Vietnam

In 2007 guidelines developed for KfW on gender & transport Covered research on projects across 2 countries
Kenya Indonesia

Lessons from research

Great progress in gender analysis and project design Enabling national environments often were supportive of gender equality Need to recognise role of macro level policy, meso level institutional behaviour as well as micro travel behaviour Transport line ministries often seemed immune from such national enabling environment

Lessons from research

Long projects often lost their history on gender through personnel changes Lack of institutional archives on gender. National agencies often reluctant partners and implementation process meant gender side-lined Monitoring indicators not sufficient to keep focus on gender Lack of national capacity meant mainstreaming reliant on international TA

Lessons from research

Need for new professional practices in transport that mainstream gender and social inclusion Need for greater user and civil society role in monitoring implementation Need to be able to retro-fit gender into projects where it has gone missing Develop HQ technical capacity to retrofit gender as projects are implemented

Develop greater national capacity in gender and transport to maintain progress not reliant on international TA

New developments
New technologies can help in changing transport planning practices They can help by providing a low-cost option to increased monitoring They can change the governance around a project

Monitoring harassment in urban transport

Sexual harassment on urban public transport is frequently reported in transport research. Often a taboo subject amongst professionals
Women may not have the social space to complain. Technologies enable participatory monitoring of this experience.

Spatial Mapping of Services

An NGO in Chennai is supporting community involvement in planning decisions.

A land-use and density map has been made through volunteers posted on the web
A walking audit is being undertaken to document the condition of sidewalks including toilets.

Mapping of access and informal public transport

Rapid assessment of access for low-income communities

Using GPS-enabled smart-phones to measure of informal transport supply and spatial distribution of activities

Monitoring walking paths

Researchers are using GPS and GIS to map walking patterns and experiences Highlights are of focus points for planning solutions

Most used routes

Questions
How to retrofit projects? How to develop the institutional archive on gender & transport? How to develop national transport sector capacity? How to utilise technologies for new participatory sustainable planning and monitoring protocols?

THANK YOU!
jeffreymturner@hotmail.com