Human Cloning

Human Cloning is defined as the creation of a genetically identical copy of an existing or previously existing human being. Generally, there are two types of human cloning: (a) Therapeutic Cloning - Which involves cloning of adult cells for medical use. (b) Reproductive Cloning - It involves concept of making clone human being. A third type of cloning is a theoretical possibility as of now & it is known as "Replacement Cloning" being the combination of the above mentioned two types of cloning. It would entail the replacement of an extensively damaged or failing body followed by partial or whole brain transplant. The first hybrid human clone was created in 1998, by American cell Technology. taking cells from a man's leg and a cow's egg whose DNA was removed. But later on it being done on the idea of growing human organs that are biologically acceptable to the human body.

Benefits
Although it has been a very debatable question whether human cloning is beneficial or dangerous. But from medical perspective it can be helpful in curing a number of diseases, which are a of now difficult to cure. It can be used for therapeutic purpose & help the mankind to get rid of heart diseases, diabetes, alzheimer, cancer etc.

Issues of Concern
One of the major area of concern with regards to the possibilities of human cloning is that, if it is misused, it can produce may human being for using them in harmful activities for the mankind. It is feared that such type of misuse will led to the destruction of culture & ethics. Even the Catholic Church and many religious organisations are opposing all conception. Also from the classical liberalism point of view, concerns also arise regarding the protection of the identity of a person. Critics are also raising objections regarding the use of cloned animal products for human consumption. Terming it as a harmful for human health. Also, cloning of endangered species is a debatable issue among the scientist & environmentalist, thinking that it may stop donations for the preservation of natural habitat and for the protection of wild-life. Even some studies have revealed that cloned animal tend to have an increased mortality rate and by birth deformities as compared to those naturally born.

Importance from examination point of view: i) 2002 - M - PII - Q.11 (c) What is Human Cloning? Is it Dangerous or Beneficial? ii) 2005 - M - PII - Q11(c) What is therapeutic cloning? Describe briefly the method and its potential applications. iii) For the last one year matter of synthetic meat is a topic of debate in the newspapers & magazines.
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