Theory of Machines & Mechanisms II Assignment No.

3 (Unit I & Unit IV)

Unit I Friction, Friction Clutches, Brakes & Dynamometers
1. Derive the expression for frictional torque for uniform pressure and wear theory for flat pivot bearing. 2. Determine the time required to accelerate a counter shaft of rotating mass 500 kg and radius of gyration of 200 mm to the full speed of 250 rpm from rest through a single plate clutch of internal and external radii 125 mm and 200 mm, taking coefficient of friction as 0.3 and axial spring force of 600 N. Assume that only one side of clutch is effective. 3. A simple band brake is applied to a shaft carrying a flywheel of mass 250 kg and radius of gyration 300 mm. The shaft speed is 200 rpm. The drum dia is 200 mm and coefficient of friction is 0.25. The free end of band is attached at 100 mm from fulcrum and effort of 120 N is applied on lever at 280 mm from fulcrum. The angle embraced by belt is 225. Determine for counter clockwise rotation of drum i. Braking Torque ii. The number of turns of flywheel before it come to rest iii. The time taken by flywheel to come to rest 4. Write short note on Epicyclic transmission dynamometer. 5. Derive expression for frictional torque of conical truncated pivot bearing assuming uniform wear conditions. How will the expression be modified for conical pivot bearing? 6. Power of 100 KW is transmitted by multi-plate clutch at 3000 rpm. Available coefficient of friction is 0.07 and intensity of pressure is not to exceed 1.5 bars. External radius is 1.25 times the internal radius. External radius is 12.5 cm. Determine the number of plates required to transmit the torque. Assume that the clutch is old. 7. Explain construction and working of internal expanding shoe brake with a neat sketch. State its applications. 8. List various types of brakes and dynamometers. 9. Derive expression for tension ratio in case of band and block brake. 10. Explain the terms self locking and self energizing brakes. 11. Explain the terms friction circle, friction couple and friction axis. 12. Explain friction in four bar chain. 13. What do you understand by dry clutch and wet clutch? Where they are used? 14. Derive the expression for the torque transmitted for flat callar bearing assuming uniform pressure theory. 15. A conical clutch has a cone angle of 30. If the maximum intensity of pressure between the contact surfaces is limited to 70 KPa and the breadth of the conical surface is not to exceed 1/3rd of the mean radius. Find the dimensions of the contact surfaces to transmit 22 kW at 2000 rpm. Assuming uniform wear and take coefficient of friction as 0.15. 16. Explain anyone type of absorption dynamometer with a neat sketch.

Unit IV Kinematics of Spur Gears

1. State and prove Law of Gearing and derive the expression for velocity of sliding. 2. The number of teeth on each of the two equal spur gears in mesh is 40. The

teeth have 20 involute profile and the module is 6 mm. If the arc of contact is 1.75 times the circular pitch, find the addendum. 3. Two gears mesh externally and are to give a velocity ratio of 3 to 1. The teeth are of involute type with module of 6 mm. Addendum is one times module, pressure angle is 20 and pinion rotates at 90 rpm. Find: i. The number of teeth on the pinion to avoid the interference and number of ii. teeth on wheel. iii. Lengths of path and arc of contact. iv. The number of pairs of teeth in contact. v. The maximum velocity of sliding. 4. Explain interference in gears and how it is avoided. 5. A car engine has output of 120 KW. The maximum torque developed is 110 Nm. The clutch used is of single plate type having two active surfaces. Axial pressure is not to exceed 0.85 bar. External diameter of friction plate is 1.25 times internal diameter. Determine the dimensions of friction plate and axial force exerted by spring. Assume uniform wear and coefficient of friction to be 0.3. Draw a neat sketch of clutch. 6. Explain the undercutting and interference in case of involute gears. Derive the expression for minimum number of teeth to avoid interference. If the gear ratio is one and pressure angle is 20o, calculate the minimum number of teeth to avoid interference. 7. Two mating gears (module = 10 mm and pressure angle = 20 o) have 20 and 40 teeth each. The addendum on each side of wheel is made such that the length of line of contact on each side of pitch point is half the maximum possible length. Determine the addendum for each gear, length of path of contact, arc of contact and contact ratio. 8. Two 20o involute spur gears mesh externally and give velocity ratio of 3. The module is 4 mm and addendum is also equal to module. If pinion rotates at 150 rpm, find the number of pairs of teeth in contact to avoid interference. 9. Compare involute and cycloid type gear teeth. 10. Two 20 involute spur gears have a module of 10 mm. The addendum is equal to 1 module. The larger gear has 40 teeth while the pinion has 20 teeth. Will the gear interfere with the pinion? 11. The number of teeth on each of the two equal spur gears in mesh is 40. The teeth have 20 involute profile and the module is 6 mm. If the arc of contact is 1.75 times the circular pitch, find the addendum.