Set No.

Code No.420402
IV-B.Tech. II Semester Examinations April, 2003 1
DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
(Electronics and Communication Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks:80
Answer any FIVE questions
All questions carry equal marks
---
1.a) Give the differences between a file processing system and DBMS.
b) Explain are the functions of DBA?

2.a) What is SQL ? Explain briefly the several aspects of it.

b) Consider the following scheme given. The primary keys are underlined.
Sailors(sailor-id, sailor-name, sailor-rating, sailor-age)
Boats(boat-id, boat-name, boat-color)
Reserves(sailor-id, boat-id, day)
Write the queries in SQL.
i) Find the names of sailors who have reserved at least one boat.
ii) Find the ages of sailors whose names begins and ends with C and has
atleast four characters.
iii) Find the names of sailors who have reserved a blue or a yellow boat.
iv) Find the names of sailors who have reserved both a blue and a yellow
boat.
v) Find the names of all sailors who have reserved blue boats but not
yellow boats.

3. a) Describe three popular file organization techniques on disks and compare them.
b) Discuss the process of disk initialization.

4. Give a detailed account of the following:

a. Query evaluation plans.
b. Pipelined evaluation.

5. Discuss various cost estimation methods of access based on indexing principle for
relation operators.

Contd….2.
Code No. 420402 -2- Set No.1

6.a) The following set of functional dependencies for relation scheme

R=(A.B,C,D,E)
A->BC
CD->E
B->D
E->A
Using the functional dependencies. Compute the canonical cover Fc .
b) Explain the concept of aggregation and specialization with examples.

7 Explain the role of concurrency control in databases. Also describe the basic tree
protocol that ensures serializability of concurrent transactions.

8. Answer the following briefly:

(a) How is check pointing done in ARIES?
(b) Can a second end check point record be encountered during analysis phase?
(c) Why is the use of CLRS important for the use of UNDO actions that are not
the physical inverse of the original update?

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 Set No.
Code No.420402
IV-B.Tech II Semester Examinations April, 2003 2
DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
(Electronics and Communication Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks:80
Answer any FIVE questions
All questions carry equal marks
---
1.a) Explain the operations select, project and join with suitable examples.
b) Compare the two relational calculi.

2 a) Consider the following scheme given. The primary keys are underlined.
Sailors(sailor-id, sailor-name, sailor-rating, sailor-age)
Boats(boat-id, boat-name, boat-color)
Reserves(sailor-id, boat-id, day)
Write the Nested queries in SQL.
i) Find the names of sailors who have reserved boat number 120.
ii) Find the names of sailors who have reserved a green boat.
iii) Find the names of sailors who have not reserved a green boat.
iv) Find the names of sailors with the highest rating.
b) Explain briefly the GROUP BY and HAVING clauses.

3. What are differences among primary, secondary and clustering indexes? How do
these differences affect the ways in which these indexes are implemented? Which of
the indexes are dense and which are not?

4.a) Discuss in detail the steps involved in processing a query.

b) Explain any one of the algorithms for computing the join of relations.

5. Discuss different types of parameters that are used in cost functions. Where is
this information kept?

6. a) Compute the canonical cover (Fc ) of the following set F of functional

dependencies for relation scheme R =(A,B,C,D,E)
A->BC
CD->E
B->D
E->A
b) Discuss the BCNF and III Normal Form with examples
Contd…2.
 Code No. 420402 -2- Set No.2

7. a) Explain the concept of log based recovery.

b) Briefly explain why recovery is needed.

8.a) When does a system recover from a crash ? In what order must transaction be
Undone and Redone? Why is this order important?
b) What is a log in the content of DBMS? How does check pointing eliminate some
of the problems associated with log based recovery?
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 Set No.
Code No.420402
IV-B.Tech. II Semester Examinations April, 2003 3
DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
(Electronics and Communication Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks:80
Answer any FIVE questions
All questions carry equal marks
---
1.a) What is DBMS? Explain briefly advantages of DBMS.
b) What is a data model ? Explain briefly the relational data model.

2.a) Explain with an example in SQL

i) Unspecified where-clause and use of Asterisk
ii) Exist and not exists
iii) Explicit sets and NULLS
iv) Renaming attributes and joined tables.
b) Consider the following scheme for the COMPANY database. The primary
keys are underlined.
Employee (SSN, Fname, Lname, Birthdate, Address, Salary, Dnumber)
Department (Dnumber, Dname, Dlocation)
Perform the following operations using SQL. Assume the data suitably.
i) Insert a record to employee table
ii) Delete an employee with SSN equal to 10.
iii) Update the Dnumber of the employee tuple having salary greater than
Rs 10,000.
iv) Retrieve the name and address of all employees who work for the "XYZ"
department.

3.a) Describe the structure and manipulation of sequential files.

b) List out the merits of sequential files.

4.a) Describe in detail the structure of query optimizers.

b) When must we create a nonclustering index despite the advantages of a clustering
index? Explain.

5. Discuss different types of parameters that are used in cost functions. Where is
this information kept?

Contd…2.
Code No.420402 -2- Set No.3

6.a) Given R (supplied, part, supcity , quality)

and part quality

supplies supcity

supplier Quality

is R in 2NF ? 3NF?

b) Compute the canonical cover (Fc) of the following set of F of functional

dependencies for relation scheme R = (A,B,C,D,E)

A BC

CD E

B D

E A

7.a) Explain the concept of transaction atomicity.

b) How does the two phase locking protocol ensures serializability?

8.a) What is Cursor Stability? What type of consistency can be implemented to Avoid
Cascading Aborts?
b) What is the difference between Stable storage and Disk?
c) Contrast ARIES with other WAL-based recovery schemes.

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 Set No.
Code No.420402
IV-B.Tech II Semester Examinations April, 2003 4
DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
(Electronics and Communication Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks:80
Answer any FIVE questions
All questions carry equal marks
---
1.a) With the help of a neat diagram describe the structure of a DBMS.
b) What are the responsibilities of a DBA ? List and explain them.

2 a) Explain with an example Aggregate functions and grouping in SQL.

b) Assume there are two relations:
3 STUDENT (Stname, Stnum, Totalmarks, Semester)
4 HOSTEL (Stnum, Roomnum)
Represent the following queries in SQL.
i) Get the details of 6th semester students
ii) Obtain the room number allotted to Girish
iii) Obtain the name of student staying in room number 24.
iv) Get the name and marks of students with student number 24046

3.a) Explain the need for Indexing.

b) Explain indexed-sequential files.

4.a) Define the term most selective path for a query.

b) Explain the importance of conjunctive form in the context of relational query
evaluation.

5. Discuss in detail about estimating the cost of an evaluation plan for a query block.

6.a) Suppose the scheme R=(A,B,C,D,E) decomposed into (A,B,C) and (A,D,E) show
that this is a loss less join decomposition. If the following set of F of functional
dependencies hold.
A BC

CD E

B D

E A
b) Discuss the BCNF and 4NF Normal Forms with examples.

Contd…2.
Code No. 420402 -2- Set No.4

7.a) Explain Two phase locking with algorithms.

b) What is Transaction? In what ways is it different from an ordinary program
(Like ‘C’).

8.a) How is the Recovery Manager is responsible for transaction atomicity and
durability? Explain.
b) Explain Stealing Frames and Forcing pages.
c) What are the differences between update log record and CLRS?

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