Problem Statement Language nowadays is essential for mens evolution, because not only allow us communication peer-to-peer but

being more important yet, it give us access to communication itself. That is why, learning more than one language is so beneficial, for instance the fact of getting into a higher work position and also to reach personal satisfaction. That is why years ago there have been giving classes of foreign languages all around the world, in our case English mainly, which in a beginning was given in secondary and high school and currently it is given in primary school even preschoolers, demanding to offer bilingual centers Valparaso s society and culture. Nevertheless, despite of being a great help and growth for our country, English hasnt been totally integrated. English is taught in a traditional way in Valparaso schools where students see language in an external way not being able integrate it with efficiency, combining culture and language. In this case, our culture of Valparaso, because of little knowledge of the authentic materials existence in the English language. Our argument to carry out our investigation is supported by Ausubels theory Meaningful verbal learning subsumption, in which it is considered that it is produced when the student relates new knowledge with the previous one acquired; in this way, authentic materials can take the student into comfortable English for their needs. that have been added to

Does English authentic material about the culture of Valparasos city exist? Does complementary pedagogic authentic material to the school textbooks exist in order to use them in the classroom about the culture of Valparasos city?

Objectives of the Study General Objective To determine the authentic material existence in English about Valparasos culture in different communication media.

Specific Objectives

To identify the different types of authentic material. To classify the material. To recognize the amount of material in the diverse places of information collection

Limitations of the study Criteria The first criteria we used was of social relevance because thanks to this investigation there would be awareness of the amount of authentic material that can be use, specially teachers and students. The second criteria is about practical relevance because the more we know types and amount of material, the more is going to be used by people with the purpose of English teaching.

Significance of the Study

Theoretical framework Have you ever heard about famous singers like Michael Jackson, The Beatles or Madonna? Have you ever eaten hot dogs, pop corn or McDonalds happy box? Have you ever heard Anglicism such as mall, bar, blue jeans, CD2 or DVD?. Apart from several foreign words that have suffered a modification related to the target language such as chaqueta, It comes from the word jacket, yogurt (yoghurt), campin (camping) or nailon (nylon). This is an example related to the previous linguistic and cultural knowledge that people have about the English language, and most of the time, this background is overlooked by teachers and students when students are learning the foreign language. As a result, there are some difficulties in the teaching and learning process of English language. One of the teachers main goals that they have to achieve when they are teaching a foreign language, is to manage to a connection between the students background with the new learning, that means learning through a constructivist way. This is highly connected with the meaningful learning model created by Ausubel (1973). It says that the main important issue is how the knowledge is organized, this knowledge is distributed in structures and restructures which are the result from the interaction between this organization of the knowledge with the recent information that have been acquired. PROFUNDIZAR With all the above, we can conclude that a very useful technique in relation to the language learning is the authentic material, because through this tool, teachers and students can complement the previous knowledge that the students have

along with the new learning, and for that reason, students will achieve to learn and make a relationship between the acquired knowledge obtained in the classrooms with what they already know, such as their own culture, the linguistics structures, the common words (Anglicism and modified words depend on the target language) with the new knowledge of the foreign language.

Authentic Materials

In order to know the implication of the utilization in regard to the authentic materials in the English learning, we must refer to some definitions about them. There are different definitions about authentic materials, such as what is said by R. Scarcella and R. L. Oxford: Authentic material is the daily communication vehicle that is used in conversations, books, slogans, road signs, menus, programs, posters, announcements, etc. Generally, authentic materials are full-length versions, that there are not published in textbooks addressed to native speakers. However, authentic materials are very appropriate to work the sociocultural aspects of the language. They produce an approach between the students language and culture, and also this tool reflect aspects of the daily life that occur in the country where it is spoken the language that is studied. When students work with this kind of material, they are highly motivated and there is an increment in their interest through the language that describes their own culture. (Luca - Pilar Cancelas Y Ouvia Facultad de Ciencias de la Educacin Universidad de Cdiz). Rogers (1988:467) defines authentic materials like appropriate and that posses a high quality in terms of students achievements, goals, and also students requirements and interests. They are naturals in terms of the real life and meaningful communication, likewise the exposition to the real language and its use in its own community.

The main advantages of using authentic material (Philips y Shettlesworth 1978, Clarke 1989; Peacock 1997; quoted in Richard 2001, are:

They have a positive effect in the learning motivation. Provide real cultural information. Provide the exposition to the real language. They have a close connection with the studetsrequirements. Contribute to a creative approach to the language teaching. . Martinez (2002) defined that Authentic would be material designed for

native speakers of English used in the classroom in a way similar to the one it was designed for. http://www.math.mun.ca/~yliang/authentic.htm To conclude, authentic materials are very useful to teach an L2, because it is possible to learn through using texts, slogans, programs, etc. The authentic materials in which we will focus on are: touristic brochures, textbooks and digital material like web pages and CDs, in order to provide didactic and familiar information that is well known for the students. Using this tool the students will be motivated and interested in learning the foreign language that is related to daily life of their own culture.

Culture as a concept The definition of culture given by the UNESCO says that: culture refers to a set of information and abilities that an individual has. Through the culture, the human being reflect about themselves, they identify values and look for new significances. Culture is also defined such as: set of knowledge that permit to an individual develops his or her critic discernment and according to the Diccionario de la Lengua Espaola, (RAE, 1992) culture is a set of ways of living, habits, knowledge and artistic, scientific and industrial development grades within a period of time or social group. And also it can be defined like: set of manifestations in which it is expressed the conventional life of a people. As we can note, the concept of culture has different meanings, however its main meaning refers to the habits of each group of people which includes the way of dressing and religion Therefore, we think that the main information that we can obtain from Valparaso, is its culture, mainly focused on habits and identity, due to these aspects give us relevant knowledge about the city of Valparaso. In these terms, Valparaso is Chiles Cultural Capital, this city has a wide range of features, both in geographically and idiosyncrasy, thus having a rich cultural influence, which was characterized to be the first commercial port of Chile, with 270, 242 inhabitants, it is home to the countrys legislature and capital fifth region. Its hills and valleys make up a scenario of 45 hills plus the presence of 14 lift which were declared Historical Monuments in September 22, 1998; except hills Polanco elevator since 1979. In Valparaiso we can falso has 4 traditional universities, being cultural support a wide range of artistic activities. Valparaiso is a tourist town, where you can visit various places like: Plaza Victoria Plaza Soto Mayor Plaza Anbal Pinto

Parque Italia Plaza OHiggins Paseo 21 de mayo

Paseo Gervasoni Paseo Atkinson Museo cielo abierto Mirador Barn, etc.

In summary, Valparaiso has a variety of attractive locations, establishing it as Chilean's cultural capital and world heritage site by UNESCO.

Kind of Authentic Materials

Printed: Books: Books have always been present in education, by which are considered "promoters of learning," but they are mostly known as "present an order of learning and teaching model"

Magazines: Magazines are also considered because they contain a variety of news and reports. They are colorful; undoubtedly they call the reader's attention. "It can be used as a teaching resource (didactical materials), with them can be made collage (...)"

Newspapers: Newspapers are also considered educational material. "In the newspapers fits it all, but a multiplicity of information, these permanent contradictions are the best tool to help students from life itself, the social and professional reality that surrounds them, to build their own learning situations "

Comics: The comics are useful because they allow the freedom to create and play with the language. "The making of comics is essentially putting students in a situation of information producers to get into the whole process of communication from its configuration in the plane of the speaker, until receipt by the reader. For professionals who will train other teachers is essential to know comics processing techniques. "

Flyers: "A brochure is a small number of leaves that serves as informative or advertising tool." Therefore, the flyer is important to give specific information and can be applied in the classroom as a specific object. "A well designed and thought flyer provides information compiled to convince the person who is to attend an event, purchase a product or to help solve problems. A flyer uses imagery and text to communicate a message and can be used by email, print or web distribution "is generally used in print.

Digital: Audiovisual material: The audio material is the one that is heard in order to process an idea directly. "The auditory and visual stimulation is particularly effective as the two most important senses are involved" "The audio material can be placed in a class, group or individually. (...) Music discs, games, etc. (...) they are a relatively inexpensive source ((...???)). They are suitable for a class or group and for audio of individuals." Web page: Websites are the largest source of information, therefore, we can find all kinds of material in them, which can easily be applied to the classroom because we can find all the elements necessary for the creation or presentation of authentic materials already created.

In our study we are going to apply only some of these materials, which they are consider most relevant in terms of authentic materials collection , such as government educational books, travel brochures and fliers (printed material), web pages, blogs and CDs (digital material).

Theory of the significant learning and authentic materials The more appropriate approach to place the authentic materials as significant use materials is the situated purpose by David Ausubel sobre el aprendizaje significativo. He considers that as much as the discovery learning as the reception learning build a learning strategy by incorporating a substantive form the cognitive structure of the student, which facilitates new knowledges relating them with the previous adquired learnings. Students have a sequence of experiences and knowledges that affect their learnings and they could be used for their benefits (Gonzlez, 2008) that is why these experiences and previous knowledges would represent a benefit tool for the later learnings for students.If I had to reduce all the educational psychology into one principle, I would announce this: The most important factor that has influence in learning is what the students already knows. Search it and consequently learn it. (Ausubel., 1983) Regarding to authentic materials, it is been settled that these appear as a learning advantage in the acquisition of the second language to set that the exhibition to the real language and its use in its own community (Rogers, 1988, pg. 467) it will facilitate the acquisition of the second language, defining these as appropriate and quality in terms of golds, objectives, needs and interests of the students; and also natural in terms of the real life, and the significant communication generating positive effects in the learning motivation of the students that are exposed to these situations of its daily, of their real life providing a straight exhibition to its needs. Referring to the posed approach by David Ausubel, that sets that students formulate their concepts from the preconceived construction of their knowledges, it is expected that authentic materials improve linguistic abilities of the students.

Authenticity of teaching/learning and the use of educational media Authentic materials are clearly more reliable than others (designed materials with the purpose of teaching a second language) as they are closer to the C2 reality. The lasts ones, having as a unique purpose the promotion of a determined language that probably come to fail to the reality of C2, besides of tending to be predictable which doesnt favor the acquisition of L2 but it leads students to complete exercises in a mechanical form, without understanding the content in depth, assuming rules plainly. According to Guariento y Morley, an authentic activity must: *Provide an occasion to use the foreign language with a genuine intention (to communicate something to this language speakers) *Provide real actions (to change behaviors, buy something, etc.) *Relate interests and the student learning form. *Motivate the student to answer to this stimulus. Despite of advising not to manipulate materials, it is allowed to simplify them, so in this way to adapt them to the acquisition level of L2 in which the new speakers are found. Classification of means of communication and school diffusion A. a. b. B. a. i. According format. Electronic: TV, Music, Cinema, Internet. Paper: Press, Magazines, Books, Comics. According linguistic modality. Verbal Oral: Music, Radio

ii. b. C. a. i. ii. b. D. a. b. E. a. b.

Written: Press, Magazines, Books, Comics, Internet Audiovisual: TV, Cinema, Internet, Theatre According to nature of the handled information. Reproductive Audio: Cassette, CD. Audiovisual: Video, DVD. Creative: TV, Cinema, Radio, Music, Press, Theatre and Internet According to availability. Local: Cinema, Theatre, Press, Books, Comics and Radio Global: TV (Satellite), Music and Internet. According to access. Sequential: TV, Cine, Radio, Music, Press, Theatre, Books and Comics. Interactive: Internet.

All items previously named must be supervised to ensure their right use. It is necessary to be clear that all of them, despite of giving incentive to the language and culture interest 2. They dont do the students work, but these items must be used as a tool to adequately acquire the L2. As it can be seen, the type of study that is going to be used in this investigation is an exploratory - descriptive study because our subject has been barely studied. At the same time, it will be descriptive because the material that is going to be found, it will be written according to the investigation categories (digital or printed).

Hypothesis There are different types of authentic materials in English about the culture of Valparaso. Mostly we can find in travel agencies, tourist sites and websites, as well in school text book provided by the Ministry of Education.

null hypothesis There are no different types of authentic materials in English about the culture of Valparaiso.

Variables
1. Authentic English materials founf in the of Valparaso about its culture.

It is a dependent variable as it increases or changes systematically in in terms of the changes in the independent variable
2. Places where you seek these authentic materials in the city of Valparaso

and on websites. It is an independent variable because it can be manipulated by the researcher (Hernandez et al, 2003)

1. Material autntico en ingls encontrado en la ciudad de Valparaso acerca

de su cultura. Es una variable dependiente ya que aumenta o vara en forma sistemtica con relacin a los cambios de la variable independiente. 2. Lugares donde se buscan estos materiales autnticos en la ciudad de Valparaso y en sitios web. Es una variable independiente ya que puede ser manipulada por el investigador (Hernndez y cols, 2003)

The design that we will use in this investigation will be experimental because of the variables can be manipulated by the researcher El diseo que utilizaremos en esta investigacin ser experimental debido a que una de las variables puede ser manipulada por el investigador

Measurement instrument

The measurement instrument of data collection that will be used in our investigation, it is a collating list which will measure aspects and sequences and also will determine data of the variables from our problematic. Through this instrument, we can keep a record about the presence or absence of authentic materials. The appreciation scale will consist in determine the presence and absent of the authentic materials about the culture of Valparaso according to the quantity.

Collating list to data collection stage and classification about the authentic materials related to the culture of Valparaso Indicators Electronic Paper Verbal linguistic modality Oral linguistic modality Written linguistic modality Libraries Tourist centres Web sites

Audiovisual linguistic modality Nature of reproductive information: Audio Nature of reproductive information: Audiovisual Nature of creative information

Referencias

http://www.bibliotecasvirtuales.com/biblioteca/articulos/metodos.asp Teoras del aprendizaje http://www.americanismos.com/ejemplos-de-anglicismos Ejemplos de Anglicismos http://www.reglasdeortografia.com/extranjerismos.htm Extranjerismos Utilizacin de materiales autnticos en las enseanzas de lenguas extranjeras: Alemn L2 Hans Schafgans U. Nebrissensis Deutsche Schule y Liceo Francs de Madrid Maestra en Educacin: campo formacin docente. Comunicacin y Educacin en la Enseanza del Ingls. El uso de los Materiales Autnticos como Apoyo Didctico en el Proceso de EnseanzaAprendizaje del Idioma Ingls.

Luca - Pilar Cancelas Y Ouvia Facultad de Ciencias de la Educacin Universidad de Cdiz Tipos de materiales autnticos Books:http://www.slideshare.net/oliviagt/clasificacin-de-materiales-didcticospresentation Magazines:http://www.slideshare.net/oliviagt/clasificacin-de-materialesdidcticos-presentation Newspapers:http://www.uhu.es/cine.educacion/didactica/0064recursosgrafic os.htm#Prensa_ Comics:http://www.uhu.es/cine.educacion/didactica/0064recursosgraficos.ht m#Tebeos,_historietas_y_comics_

Flyer: http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folleto http://www.tech-faq.com/make-a-flyer.html (Se extrajo y tradujo al espaol) Audiovisual: http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search? q=cache:XhLsaeQMwyYJ:www.scribd.com/doc/19423301/InstructionalMaterials+audio+material+useful&cd=5&hl=es&ct=clnk&gl=cl&source=www. google.cl http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search? q=cache:XhLsaeQMwyYJ:www.scribd.com/doc/19423301/InstructionalMaterials+audio+material+useful&cd=5&hl=es&ct=clnk&gl=cl&source=www. google.cl AUSUBEL-NOVAK-HANESIAN (1983) Psicologa Educativa: Un punto de vista cognoscitivo .2 Ed.TRILLAS Mxico

Rogers, C.v; & Medley, F. W., Junior. JM (1988). Language WITH PURPUSE: USING AUTHENTIC MATERIALS IN THE FOREIGN LANGUAGE CLASSROOM. FOREIGN LANGUAGE ANNALS http://uva.ifodes.edu.mx/ensh/posgrado/tesis%20fernanda.pdf http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb3325/is_4_6/ai_n28969886/ http://cvc.cervantes.es/ensenanza/biblioteca_ele/asele/pdf/14/14_0883.pdf http://www.math.mun.ca/~yliang/authentic.htm